Thematische Bibliographien / Epidemic, pandemic

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Epidemic, pandemic“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 9. November 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

Bagal, Dilip Kumar, und Pravajyoti Patra. „COVID-19: A Never Seen Pandemic“. YMER Digital 21, Nr. 08 (08.08.2022): 321–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.08/27.

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People have long been affected by epidemics and pandemics of communicable illnesses. The outbreaks have been around for thousands of years. Even in our modern day, epidemics have ravaged civilization till it leads people to despair. In the meanwhile, viruses have always offered huge difficulties that have ignited horrific epidemics and pandemics. A pandemic is the widespread spread of a new sickness. Viral respiratory diseases, such as those caused by a novel influenza virus or the coronavirus COVID-19, are the most likely to evolve into a pandemic. A pandemic is not the same as an epidemic. In an epidemic, many more cases of a health condition occur than would typically develop in a community or area, however the ailment does not move outside. The World Health Organization (WHO) is responsible for declaring when a worldwide epidemic is underway. The WHO achieves this by monitoring outbreaks of a disease and receiving advice from worldwide health experts. This paper depicts the impact of COVID-19 in globally in various fields and also visualize the current status of this pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19; Confirmed Case; Pandemic; WHO

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Pickersgill, Martyn. „Pandemic Sociology“. Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 6 (25.08.2020): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2020.523.

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In 1990, the sociologist Phil Strong wrote about “epidemic psychology” as part of his research on the recent history of AIDS. Strong described vividly how epidemics of fear, of explanation and moralization, and of (proposed) action accompanied the epidemic of the AIDS virus per se. In this essay, I draw on these formulations to think through the current COVID-19 crisis, illustrating too a pandemic of inequality. In so doing, I provide a sketch of a pandemic sociology.

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Kamalrathne, Thushara, Dilanthi Amaratunga, Richard Haigh, Lahiru Kodituwakku und Chintha Rupasinghe. „Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Response in a Multi-Hazard Context: COVID-19 Pandemic as a Point of Reference“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, Nr. 9 (19.09.2024): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21091238.

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Infectious diseases manifesting in the form of epidemics or pandemics do not only cause devastating impacts on public health systems but also disrupt the functioning of the socio-economic structure. Further, risks associated with pandemics and epidemics become exacerbated with coincident compound hazards. This study aims to develop a framework that captures key elements and components of epidemic and pandemic preparedness and response systems, focusing on a multi-hazard context. A systematic literature review was used to collect data through peer-reviewed journal articles using three electronic databases, and 17 experts were involved in the validation. Epidemiological surveillance and early detection, risk and vulnerability assessments, preparedness, prediction and decision making, alerts and early warning, preventive strategies, control and mitigation, response, and elimination were identified as key elements associated with epidemic and pandemic preparedness and response systems in a multi-hazard context. All elements appear integrated within three interventional phases: upstream, interface, and downstream. A holistic approach focusing on all interventional phases is required for preparedness and response to pandemics and epidemics to counter their cascading and systemic effects. Further, a paradigm shift in the preparedness for multi-hazards during an epidemic or pandemic is essential due to the multiple challenges posed by concurrent hazards.

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Mitrokhin, Oleg V., Nina A. Ermakova, Ekaterina I. Akimova und Ekaterina A. Sidorova. „COVID-19 — ways to improve the state preparedness for pandemia“. HEALTH CARE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION 66, Nr. 1 (04.03.2022): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0044-197x-2022-66-1-5-10.

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Introduction. Tasks are to execute a study of the preparedness of government and health systems for a pandemic to develop proposals for their modernization. The author proceeds from the hypothesis that epidemic and pandemic diseases will threaten society in the foreseeable future, and therefore it is necessary to develop preventive strategies for states to be prepared for new threats. The article summarizes the experience of government and public health in a pandemic of coronavirus infection. Purpose. To examine pandemic preparedness of public administration and health systems and develop proposals for their modernization. Material and methods. There was made an expert analysis of the problematic issues of public administration in the implementation of preventive and anti-epidemic measures using statistical materials and publications of domestic and foreign authors. The study applied information and legal databases, documents of the World Health Organization, health authorities of countries in conditions of coronavirus infection pandemic, analytical, informational, statistical methods of research. Results. Measures are proposed to modernize states’ preparedness for possible pandemics (epidemics) for the medium and long term. Conclusion. The author has proposed an algorithm for the activities of the government in preparedness to combat a pandemic (epidemic). It is necessary to introduce the principles of “double” (including epidemics) use of premises, buildings and structures and “double” (including epidemics) education of specialists in the field of veterinary medicine and biology, as well as paramedical personnel.

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Earn, David J. D., Junling Ma, Hendrik Poinar, Jonathan Dushoff und Benjamin M. Bolker. „Acceleration of plague outbreaks in the second pandemic“. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, Nr. 44 (19.10.2020): 27703–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004904117.

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Historical records reveal the temporal patterns of a sequence of plague epidemics in London, United Kingdom, from the 14th to 17th centuries. Analysis of these records shows that later epidemics spread significantly faster (“accelerated”). Between the Black Death of 1348 and the later epidemics that culminated with the Great Plague of 1665, we estimate that the epidemic growth rate increased fourfold. Currently available data do not provide enough information to infer the mode of plague transmission in any given epidemic; nevertheless, order-of-magnitude estimates of epidemic parameters suggest that the observed slow growth rates in the 14th century are inconsistent with direct (pneumonic) transmission. We discuss the potential roles of demographic and ecological factors, such as climate change or human or rat population density, in driving the observed acceleration.

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Zhang, Jun, Xiangdong Liu und Xiting Jin. „Quantitative Assessment for the Impact of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Epidemic on Economic Viability in A Domestic Area“. SHS Web of Conferences 152 (2023): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202315204006.

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To combine the economic viability of urban areas with a quantitative condition that can characterize “epidemic” and “Pandemic” diseases, we use the factor analysis method to achieve index dimensionality reduction and subjective and objective integration method to achieve optimal weight distribution. We develop a judgment model by taking into account broad factors such as the epidemic situation, population, medical care, economy, and policy. On this basis, we chose 15 common infectious diseases as detection data and used the judgment model to obtain the specific quantitative judgment conditions of “spread, outbreak, epidemic, and pandemic.” The threshold for defining epidemics is between 3 and 5, and the threshold for defining pandemics is greater than 5.

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Williams, Kimberly D., Lee M. Pachter und Scott D. Siegel. „Epidemic Meets Pandemic:“. Delaware Journal of Public Health 6, Nr. 2 (Juli 2020): 42–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32481/djph.2020.07.012.

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Kramer, Mikhail A. „PANDEMIC ECONOMICS AND HUMAN CAPITAL“. Interexpo GEO-Siberia 3, Nr. 1 (08.07.2020): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2020-3-1-104-113.

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Theoretical regularities between epidemic and sanitary processes that form epidemics and the assessment of human capital are presented. Infections and pathogens are satellites of human evolution, i.e. they form the economic relations and costs of quarantining or eliminating pandemics. In Russia, there is a positive experience of biogeochemical activity, which is enshrined in sanitary rules and regulations. It is proposed to implement strategies for the development of territories taking into account infectious, epidemic and sanitary hierarchies. Quarantine is the principle of building a geospatial platform that includes administrative divisions and agglomerations.

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Mikulec, Anna, und Marek Zborowski. „Problem głodu na świecie w świetle pandemii COVID-19“. Sztuka Leczenia 37, Nr. 2 (30.12.2022): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/18982026szl.22.016.16675.

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Głód nadal stanowi poważny i dotkliwy, problem na świecie. Nawet podczas pandemii COVID-19 większy odsetek ludzi umiera z głodu niż z powodu koronawirusa. Czy zatem czeka nas nowa epidemia, tym razem głodu, na świecie? Celem pracy było przedstawienie obecnej sytuacji związanej z brakiem bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego na świecie w aspekcie trwającej jeszcze pandemii COVID-19. Należy spodziewać się, że w najbliższych latach będziemy zmuszeni mierzyć się z ogromnym kryzysem humanitarnym. W związku z powagą problemu przed całą ludzkością stoi dziś zadanie mające na celu zapobiegnięcie rozprzestrzenianiu się epidemii głodu na świecie. ABSTRACT The problem of hunger in the world in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic Hunger continues to be a serious and pressing problem in the world. Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, more people are dying of hunger than of the coronavirus. So, are we going to face a new epidemic, this time of hunger, in the world? The aim of the study was to present the current situation related to the lack of food security in the world in the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It is to be expected that in the coming years we may face a huge humanitarian crisis and that all mankind is facing a sentence today aimed at preventing the spread of the hunger epidemic in the world.

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Koch, Tom. „Hubris: The Recurring Pandemic“. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 9, Nr. 1 (22.10.2014): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2014.107.

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AbstractThe 2014 Ebola outbreak has been seen by many as a “perfect storm” and an “unprecedented” public health calamity. This article attempts to place this most current of epidemics, one currently struggling for pandemic status, in an historical frame. At least since the 1600s protocols and programs for the containment of epidemic disease have been known, and mapped. And yet it was almost six months after warnings about this epidemic were first sounded that incomplete programs of control and surveillance were instituted. In effect, we have forgotten the basics of what was once common knowledge in public health. Having placed our faith in bacteriology, virology, and pharmacology, we have forgotten the lessons learned, long ago. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2014;0:1-6)

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

Chilcote, Jonathan. „Epidemic and Opportunity: American Perceptions of the Spanish Influenza Epidemic“. UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/history_etds/39.

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During the final months of the Great War, the loss of human life was not confined to the battlefields of Western Europe. The Spanish influenza virus was rapidly spreading around the globe¸ and would ultimately leave millions dead in its wake. Some American groups, both public and private, saw the pandemic as a blessing in disguise. They interpreted the pandemic as a sign that their work, whether religious, political, commercial, or health, was more vital to the world than ever before. Influenza reinforced their existing beliefs in the rightness and necessity of their causes, and used the pandemic as a call to increase their activities. American missionaries interpreted the pandemic and its spread as a sign of the backwardness of native peoples, and they argued that the United States and Americans had an increased duty after the War and pandemic to help foreign populations with education, sanitation, and religion. For American diplomats, the pandemic was a nuisance to their work of promoting and expanding American trade. Although it devastated societies, it was not destructive to international commerce. It did, though, provide an opportunity for Americans to teach foreign peoples about better health to protect them from future diseases, and to strengthen commercial ties with the rest of the world. The U.S. Government was greatly distracted with the war effort when the epidemic hit, and refused to take it seriously. They appropriated a small amount of money to the United States Public Health Service (PHS) to deal with the epidemic. This appropriation, although small, continued a trend of the federal government becoming more involved in health efforts at the expense of states, and was used as a justification for later federal health initiatives. The PHS actively used the influenza epidemic to push for their own expansion, arguing that their success in combatting influenza showed their merit, and used it to ensure that they would maintain their power and authority after the epidemic ceased. For all of these groups, the Spanish influenza epidemic provided an opportunity for their work, and reinforced their beliefs that their efforts were needed and vital to the nation and world.

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Ma, Yifei. „A Database Supported Modeling Environment for Pandemic Planning and Course of Action Analysis“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23264.

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Pandemics can significantly impact public health and society, for instance, the 2009 H1N1
and the 2003 SARS. In addition to analyzing the historic epidemic data, computational simulation of epidemic propagation processes and disease control strategies can help us understand the spatio-temporal dynamics of epidemics in the laboratory. Consequently, the public can be better prepared and the government can control future epidemic outbreaks more effectively. Recently, epidemic propagation simulation systems, which use high performance computing technology, have been proposed and developed to understand disease propagation processes. However, run-time infection situation assessment and intervention adjustment, two important steps in modeling disease propagation, are not well supported in these simulation systems. In addition, these simulation systems are computationally efficient in their simulations, but most of them have
limited capabilities in terms of modeling interventions in realistic scenarios.
In this dissertation, we focus on building a modeling and simulation environment for epidemic propagation and propagation control strategy. The objective of this work is to
design such a modeling environment that both supports the previously missing functions,
meanwhile, performs well in terms of the expected features such as modeling fidelity,
computational efficiency, modeling capability, etc. Our proposed methodologies to build
such a modeling environment are: 1) decoupled and co-evolving models for disease propagation, situation assessment, and propagation control strategy, and 2) assessing situations and simulating control strategies using relational databases. Our motivation for exploring these methodologies is as follows: 1) a decoupled and co-evolving model allows us to design modules for each function separately and makes this complex modeling system design simpler, and 2) simulating propagation control strategies using relational databases improves the modeling capability and human productivity of using this modeling environment. To evaluate our proposed methodologies, we have designed and built a loosely coupled and database supported epidemic modeling and simulation environment. With detailed experimental results and realistic case studies, we demonstrate that our modeling environment provides the missing functions and greatly enhances many expected features, such as modeling capability, without significantly sacrificing computational efficiency and scalability.
Ph. D.

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Trimarchi, Biagio. „Distributed Identification of a Network Model for Pandemic Spreading“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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The recent outburst of the Covid-19 epidemic has made clear the necessity of developing dynamical models for the prediction and the control of large scale epidemic systems. Due to the large impact they have on the life of people and on the economy of the countries, it is extremely important to design models that are able to predict the evolution of such complex phenomena. In the thesis a compartmental model for epidemics is developed and implemented in a Python toolbox suited for distributed computation. Based on the proposed model and on available data, an identification algorithm, based on a gradient free descent method, is proposed to find model parameters that best fit the data. The distributed nature of the system allows for the implementation of a scheme in which computation is distributed among different spatial regions.

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Rajabi, Paak Mina. „The epidemic of spectacles : the HIV/AIDS pandemic, visual culture and the philanthropic documentary archive of the global South“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50083.

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In the twenty years since the recognition of HIV/AIDS as a pandemic, the disease has become a global challenge, which is not only of medical nature, but also involves various political, social, and cultural factors. As Simon Watney once wrote, “AIDS is not only a medical crisis on an unparalleled scale, it involves a crisis of representation itself” (3). And indeed, HIV/AIDS visual culture and the politics of representation have become integral to our understanding of the meaning of the pandemic. Within the epidemic’s visual culture, AIDS documentaries stand out as one of the most prominent forms of media for narrating the pandemic and creating its global image. My thesis looks at the HIV/AIDS visual culture by documenting and analyzing the transformation of the AIDS documentary archive—both in form and focus—from the radical works of the earlier years (1980s to mid-1990s) in the West to the more conventional documentaries of the later years in and about the global South. Concentrating on this recent AIDS documentary archive concerned with the global South, I discuss how the colonial and stereotypical visuals of the pandemic in the global South find their way into the growing archive of what I call “philanthropic documentaries”: a tradition of globally-oriented documentary making that focuses on the state of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the global South and which is aimed at attracting financial and political aid from the outsider—mostly Western—viewers by presenting narratives and visuals that initiate effects of shock and sympathy. Yet such well-intentioned filmmaking does as much harm as good by dehumanizing its subjects and failing to show anything other than geographies of despair when it documents the pandemic. Consequently, what the thesis argues for is the need for the formation and growth of an alternative AIDS documentary archive that actively challenges and diversifies what has been established over the years as the image of the pandemic in the global South by philanthropic documentaries and other visual representations of the like, through destabilizing the normative spectacles of the pandemic, representing the excluded and marginalized narratives and, most importantly, visibilizing its own frames.
Graduate Studies, College of (Okanagan)
Graduate

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Vu, Chrissy Thuy-Diem. „One Flu East, One Flu West, One Flu Over the Cuckoo's Nest: A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Pandemic Influenza Paradoxes in Epidemiology“. Diss., Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71336.

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This comparative case study examining epidemiological practices in Vietnam and the US revealed three pandemic influenza paradoxes: The paradox of attribution which asserts that pandemic influenza comes exclusively from Asia even though historical evidence points to the contrary; the paradox of prevention which encourages industrial methods (i.e., factory farming) for combating influenza even though there is conflicting evidence for any superiority of this method in terms of means of production or disease prevention; and the paradox of action where epidemiologists act in ways not consistent with prevailing epidemiological recommendations. The existence of these paradoxes may, in fact, impede efforts at stopping and preventing pandemic influenza. In order to find the root causes of these paradoxes, this study examined indigenous media and historical and contemporary research reports on pandemic influenza. This archival information was juxtaposed to viewpoints garnered from ethnographic interviews with epidemiologists who have worked in Vietnam, the United States, or in both countries. This study found that these paradoxes endure because of the dual nature of science " the known and the unknown elements of current knowledge " and assumptions made between the two. The dual nature of science describes both the information that has been codified and information that has not been codified and the implications between the two. In other words, in between the spaces of known information, there are attempts to fill in the gaps in knowledge, which results in paradoxes. Of particular importance in this gap-filling process are the three "C's" of collaboration, conflict, and competition. Collaboration is integral to the successful prevention of influenza pandemics; however, it is this same collaboration wherein which epidemiologists are trained to be so highly specialized that they often depend on unvetted external expert information. Conflict and competition occur from the geopolitical level all they way down to the level of the individual epidemiologist and are influenced by the political and scientific economy along with social and cultural factors.
Ph. D.

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Jansson, Öhlén Linn. „Fear of influenza vaccination in the event of an epidemic : Perceptions of threat and trust in two socioeconomically different areas of Stockholm“. Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Miljövetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-39222.

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In recent history, four influenza pandemics have occurred causing worldwide suffering. It is only a matter of time when a fifth pandemic will emerge. The willingness of the public to perform recommended precautionary actions is central for successful outbreak management, where the most important measure is vaccination. Trust in the health care system as well as personal perceptions of the threat of a pandemic can influence the publics willingness to perform precautionary actions. Aims: This study seeks to analyze how the public in two socioeconomically different areas of Stockholm perceive the threat of a possible future epidemic, their level of trust in the health system and what precautionary actions they are willing to perform. Methods: questioners with respondents from two socioeconomically different areas in Stockholm (Tensta and Danderyd) were gathered and have been statistically analyzed and interpreted using the health belief model and theories about trust. Results: The study showed that a higher level of perceived benefits of precautionary actions and a higher level of worriedness to get seriously ill if infected during an influenza epidemic were correlated with a higher level of willingness to follow precautionary actions. A significant association between unwillingness to vaccinate and perceived barriers to vaccination (that it can be harmful to the health) was also found. Trust in the health system was significantly lower in Tensta compared to Danderyd and higher trust in the health system was found to lead to higher perceived benefits of precautionary actions. Additionally, respondents with higher trust in information from the health care were generally more willing to vaccinate. Finally, no demographic determinants except age was shown to influence perceptions about precautionary actions and threat. Conclutions: Willingness to perform precautionary actions were influenced by worriedness, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, age and trust in the health care. Efforts might thus be needed to increase the trust in the health system in socioeconomically weak areas, as well as to increase the trust in influenza vaccination in general.

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Karlsson, Love. „‘’Now, God himself is preaching’’: Perspectives on the Spanish flu from magazines affiliated with the Church of Sweden“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-430637.

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This study explores how the Church of Sweden was impacted by the Spanish flu in 1918-1920 and how people affiliated with the church interpreted the pandemic theologically. The material analyzed is trade-magazines for people affiliated with the Church from the relevant years. During the current Corona-pandemic, the activities of religious organizations have been given a lot of media attention as potential risk-events for infections. The religious beliefs of those organizations are scrutinized to explain why they feel safe to gather. After gatherings, possible effects such as large-scale outbreaks are often the focus of negative attention. Historically, however, there seems to be few studies on how religious organizations handled ongoing pandemics and the theological beliefs that motivated their choices. This study tries to look at the people working for the Church of Sweden in 1918-1920: how were they affected by the pandemic, how did they interpret the events theologically and what did they do in response to it.

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Svensson, Ida, und Desirée Bard. „Upplevelser av aktivitetsbalans och dess påverkan på stress för studenter under pandemin covid-19 : En kvalitativ intervjustudie“. Thesis, Jönköping University, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-52608.

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Titel: Upplevelser av aktivitetsbalans och dess påverkan på stress för studenter under pandemin covid-19. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att beskriva hur studenter på en svensk högskola upplever aktivitetsbalans och dess påverkan på stress under pandemin covid-19. Metod: En kvalitativ intervjustudie med 10 svenska informanter där materialet analyserades med en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultat: I resultatet kom det fram 3 kategorier: Minskade möjligheter i att delta i aktiviteter påverkar aktivitetsbalansen, Strategier för att upprätthålla aktivitetsbalans och Relationen mellan aktivitetsbalans och stress. Resultatet visade upplevelserna av aktivitetsbalans och dess påverkan på stress hos informanterna. Slutsats: Fungerande rutiner och anpassade aktiviteter var av betydelse för upplevd aktivitetsbalans under pandemin covid-19. Upplevelsen av att pandemin påverkat aktivitetsbalans negativt var på grund av bristande rutiner och anpassningar i vardagen. Vid upplevd aktivitetsobalans sågs en verkan på stress men med tidigare erfarenhet av stresshantering kunde det undvikas.
Title: The experiences of occupational balance and its impact on stress for students during the covid-19 pandemic. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe how students at a Swedish university experience occupational balance and its impact on stress during the pandemic covid-19. Method: A qualitative interview study was used with 10 Swedish participants and the material was analyzed with a qualitative content analysis. Result: The result revealed 3 categories: Reduced opportunities in participating in activities affect the occupational balance, Strategies for maintaining occupational balance and The relationship between occupational balance and stress. The results showed experiences of occupational balance and its impact on between informants Conclusion: Functioning routines and adapted activities were important for the perceived occupational balance during the covid-19 pandemic. The experience that the pandemic had a negative effect on the balance of activities was due to a lack of routines and adaptations in everyday life. In the case of perceived occupational imbalance, an effect on stress was seen, but with previous experience of stress management, it could be avoided.

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Іванов, Т. Л., und В. М. Лисевич. „Аналітична оцінка впливу наслідків пандемії COVID-19 на стан національної економіки України за видами діяльності“. Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/20828.

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Іванов, Т. Л. Аналітична оцінка впливу наслідків пандемії COVID-19 на стан національної економіки України за видами діяльності : магістерська робота: 051 Економіка / Т. Л. Іванов, В. М. Лисевич ; керівник роботи Шадура-Никипорець Н. Т. ; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра теоретичної та прикладної економіки. – Чернігів, 2020. – 79 с.
Предметом дослідження ВКР виступають економічні, історичні, соціальні аспекти динаміки розвитку пандемії на території України. Об’єктом дослідження є стан національної економіки України під час пандемії CoVid-19 та перспективи розвитку країни в постпандемічний період. Метою дипломної роботи є оцінка впливів пандемії CoVid-19 на стан економіки України як в цілому, так і по галузям, визначення соціально-економічних втрат, яких зазнає країна та висування пропозицій щодо вирішення проблемних питань. Основні завдання роботи: розкриття поняття пандемії та особливості її прояву, хронології виникнення та поширення пандемії коронавірусної інфекції COVID-19 в Україні та світі, аналіз основних макроекономічних показників України напередодні пандемії та під час трьох періодів (перша хвиля, «міжсезоння» та друга хвиля), а також економічної активності країни, висування власних пропозицій щодо вирішення проблемних питань у дослідженій сфері. В ході виконання даної роботи авторами були сформульовані висновки щодо заходів подолання наслідків пандемії.
The subject of the thesis is economic, historical and social aspects of the dynamics of the pandemic in Ukraine. The object of the study is the state of the national economy of Ukraine during the CoVid-19 pandemic and the country's development prospects in the post-pandemic period. The purpose of the thesis is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the state of Ukrainian economy as a whole and by industry, to identify socio-economic losses of the country and to make proposals in order address issues. The main objectives of the thesis: to reveal the concept of pandemic and its peculiarity, the time line and the spread of COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine and the World, to analyze the major macroeconomic indicators of Ukraine right before the pandemic and over three periods (the first wave, the off-season and the second wave), as well as country’s economic activity, to suggest our own hypothesis on how to fight with economic consequences of the pandemic in the future. In the course of this work, we formulated conclusions on the measures to overcome the effect of the pandemic on the Ukrainian economy.

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Ferreira, Jackson Andrade. „Um modelo multiescalas de autômatos celulares para pandemia da dengue“. Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2009. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4233.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:35:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2430887 bytes, checksum: 46c97cae3636842e90c00b8d31b6f16a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-09
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The dramatic resurgence and emergence of epidemic dengue and dengue hemorragic fever in the last two decades neatly define a global pandemic. The dispersion of dengue viruses combines local infections of humans bited by infective mosquitoes inside a city with long-range transmissions to non-infective vectors that feed the blood of infected people arriving from other urban areas. In the present work a cellular automata model for dengue epidemic is proposed and investigated through large-scale computer simulations. The model takes into account the main features concerning the population dynamics of mosquitoes and humans and the disease transmission cycle. Furthermore, the model is defined on a scale-free network in which each node is a square lattice in order to properly describe the environment as urban centers interconnected through a national transportation system. A nonzero epidemic threshold is found and it is approached with a power law behavior by the density of infected individuals, as observed in the small-world network of Watts and Strogatz. Also, it is studied the importance of three parameters for the dengue spreading: the diffusivity of the mosquitoes, the probability of a mosquito bites humans, and the travel's probability of people between two interconnected cities. Finally, maps of infected individuals are obtained in order to caracterise the epidemic spreading.
O dramático ressurgimento e a emergência da epidemia de dengue e dengue hemorrágica nas últimas duas décadas claramente definem uma pandemia global. A dispersão do vírus da dengue combina infecções locais dos seres humanos picados por mosquitos infectados dentro de uma cidade com transmissões de longo alcance por vetores não-infecciosos que se alimentam do sangue de pessoas infectadas provenientes de outras zonas urbanas. No presente trabalho um modelo de autômatos celulares para epidemias de dengue é proposto e investigado através de siulação por computador, em larga escala. O modelo leva em conta as principais características relativas à dinâmica das populações de mosquitos e seres humanos e o ciclo de transmissão da doença. Além disso, o modelo é definido em uma rede livre de escala, em que cada nó é uma rede quadrada, a fim de descrever adequadamente o meio ambiente como os centros urbanos interligados através do sistema de transporte nacional. Um limiar epidêmico diferente de zero é encontrado e é aproximado com um comportamento tipo lei de potência pela densidade de indivíduos infectados, como observado na rede mundo-pequeno de Watts-Strogatz. Também, é estudada a importância de três parâmetros na dispersão da dengue: a difusividade do mosquito, a probabilidade do mosquito picar um ser humano, e a probabilidade de viagem de pessoas entre duas cidades conectadas. Por fim, mapas de indivíduos infectados são obtidos a fim de caracterizar a difusão da epidemia.

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Bücher zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

O'Neal, Claire. The influenza pandemic of 1918. Hockessin, Del: Mitchell Lane Pub., 2008.

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Kupperberg, Paul. The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishers, 2008.

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Kupperberg, Paul. The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919. New York, NY: Chelsea House Publishers, 2008.

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Kibun, Kim, Hrsg. Bungōtachi no Supein kaze: Literary & pandemic. Tōkyō: Kōseisha, 2021.

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Blackwell, Bev. Western isolation: The Perth experience of the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic. Deakin, A.C.T: Australian Homeland Security Research Centre, 2007.

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Organization, World Health, Hrsg. WHO guidelines on tularaemia: Epidemic and pandemic alert and response. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2007.

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Arrowsmith, Robyn. A danger greater than war: N.S.W. and the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic. Herausgegeben von Yates Athol 1963- und Australian Homeland Security Research Centre. Curtin, ACT: Homeland Security Communications Groups, Australian Homeland Security Research Centre, 2007.

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Richard, Collier. The plague of the Spanish lady: The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919. London: Allison & Busby, 1996.

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Briscoe, Gordon. Queensland Aborigines and the Spanish influence pandemic of 1918-1919. Canberra : Aboriginal Studies Press: 1996, 1996.

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Anušić, Nikola. U sjeni velikoga rata: Pandemija španjolske gripe 1918-1919 u sjevernoj Hrvatskoj : metodološki izazovi demografske analize. Zagreb: Srednja Europa, 2015.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

McCullers, Jonathan A. „What is an epidemic, a pandemic?“ In Healthcare Analytics, 9–15. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003204138-3.

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E Amara, Umm, Abdelrahman Balal, Umme Nashrah, Shajahan Idayathulla, Shafee Shaikh und Nissar Shaikh. „Intensivist’s Role in Epidemic and Pandemic“. In Applied Microbiology in Intensive Care Medicine, 225–32. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4006-2_16.

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Treibert, Sarah Marie. „Markov Chain Epidemic Models“. In Mathematical Modelling and Nonstandard Schemes for the Corona Virus Pandemic, 215–24. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35932-4_7.

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Pastore y Piontti, Ana, Nicola Perra, Luca Rossi, Nicole Samay und Alessandro Vespignani. „DATA MODEL INTEGRATION: THE GLOBAL EPIDEMIC AND MOBILITY FRAMEWORK“. In Charting the Next Pandemic, 29–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93290-3_3.

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Mahar, Chris, und Arla Day. „Job burnout: The epidemic within a pandemic“. In Burnout While Working, 38–67. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003250531-4.

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Smallman-Raynor, Matthew, und Andrew D. Cliff. „Eight Centuries of Epidemic and Pandemic Control“. In COVID-19 and Similar Futures, 61–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70179-6_7.

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Schweitzer, Dahlia. „From "Contagion" to Covid“. In The Pandemic Visual Regime, 63–89. Earth, Milky Way: punctum books, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53288/0448.1.04.

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Proliferating for the last twenty-five years, outbreak narratives have now reached epidemic proportions. From 28 Days Later to The Walking Dead, Outbreak to Contagion, films and television shows are filled with zombie viruses, bioengineered plagues, and disease-ravaged survivors. Not only have outbreak narratives infected public discourse and affected the way we view the world, but they have, especially right now, impacted global responses to COVID-19. The way infectious viruses are appropriated by Hollywood provides insight into the viruses themselves and the world we live in. After all, few things reflect social trends and anxieties like film and television. Alarmingly, outbreak narratives are even used as “how-to manuals” of sorts. For instance, as COVID-19 took hold, journalist Mike Stuchbery tweeted that crisis response teams were reading World War Z by Max Brooks (a fictional account of a zombie plague) as a study in the effects of epidemics. My chapter examines film and television outbreak narratives, studying how the repetition of characters, images, and story lines has produced a formulaic narrative that reflects and shapes new paradigms of disease and fear, connecting those to real-life events that have unfolded worldwide over the course of 2020.

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Treibert, Sarah Marie. „The SIR Model in Epidemic Modelling“. In Mathematical Modelling and Nonstandard Schemes for the Corona Virus Pandemic, 65–77. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35932-4_3.

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Kaushik, Amit, Shivam Kumar Mishra, Romesh Yadav und Girish Kumar. „Managing Healthcare Supply Chain During Epidemic and Pandemic“. In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 307–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9613-8_28.

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Bindal, Sonal, Pritha Acharya, Anil Kumar Gupta und Jugal Kishore. „Enhancing Epidemic Resilience: Planning and Institutional Resilience“. In Integrated Risk of Pandemic: Covid-19 Impacts, Resilience and Recommendations, 463–80. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7679-9_23.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

Öksüz, Hatice. „Measures Against the Pandemic as the Panoptical Eye of the Power: The Example of Coronavirus Pandemic“. In COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS. ISTANBUL AYDIN UNIVERSITY, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17932/ctcspc.21/ctc21.019.

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Epidemics threatened the daily life activities of human societies in certain periods of history. Epidemic diseases, known as disasters that resulted in the death of millions of people, have always been issues that occupy humanity, to be detected from the moment they emerged and to seek solutions to end the epidemic. Having knowledge means having power. Therefore, the easiest way to retain information is through surveillance. Considering the history of epidemic diseases, it is seen that surveillance practices are frequently used. In the information society that emerged with new communication technologies, it is seen that individuals voluntarily participate in surveillance and the walls of the prison have changed by demolishing. Covid-19, which rapidly increased in coronavirus cases and turned into a global epidemic, is known to increase the use of surveillance practices by all states globally to control the epidemic. Fear of the epidemic in societies has become considerable than the privacy of personal data, and their voluntary participation in these practices has been a matter of concern. This consent-based process brings with it criticisms of legitimizing the surveillance society, which has been at the center of discussions since the past. Surveillance played an important role in the rise of totalitarian regimes. The legitimacy of a supervised social structure will accelerate the rise of totalitarian regimes, depriving people of living in an unlimited but self- controlled prison.

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Martianova, A. E., V. Yu Kuznetsova und I. M. Azhmukhamedov. „Mathematical Model of the COVID-19 Epidemic“. In Research Technologies of Pandemic Coronavirus Impact (RTCOV 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.201105.012.

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Deyneka, Olga, und Alexandr Maksimenko. „THE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF RUSSIAN SOCIETY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC“. In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact054.

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"The problem of the psychological impact of a pandemic, quarantine and self-isolation on the state of society attracts increased attention of specialists (Hua J., Shaw R., 2020; Li S., Wang Y. et all, 2020, Enikolopov S. et all, 2020; Fedosenko E., 2020). The objective of our work was to find the most common attitudes and types of responses of Russians to the epidemic COVID-19 taking into account their involvement in social networks, critical thinking and severity of psychopathological symptoms. The study was carried out during the recession of the first wave of the pandemic in early June 2020. The main tool was the questionnaire of T. Nestik in an abridged version. Additionally, a questionnaire of critical thinking was used (CTI, Epstein, adapted by S. Enikolopov and S. Lebedev, 2004); test of psychopathological symptoms SCL-90-R; social media engagement questionnaire (Karadag, 2015) was used. The study involved 986 people (56.9% male, 43.1% female) aged 18 to 76 years. Using exploratory factor analysis, 6 types of responses to the epidemic situation caused by COVID-19 were identified (fans / opponents of the ""conspiracy theory""; responsible / irresponsible, covid-dissidents, covid-optimists, misophobes, anti-vaccinators). The dominant belief among the respondents is that the emergence of new infectious diseases is a natural process of mutation that occurs in nature without the participation of people, or the result of someone's mistake. Conspiracy theories were significantly more common among elderly people and women. Citizens see salvation from the epidemic in the moral conscience and responsibility of everyone. At the same time, they do not trust both official information and information from fellow citizens. Representatives of the older generation have higher confidence in the country's leadership, in the possibilities of medicine and science, and in fellow citizens. Correlations of non-critical thinking with manifestations of misophobia and fear of new epidemics were revealed. Depressive subjects were more concerned about the illegal behavior of fellow citizens and misophobia. Long-term fear of epidemics has been correlated with anxiety. Among those who prefer social networks to official information (television, radio, print), statistically significantly more are those who not only do not trust official information about the epidemic situation, but also do not trust their fellow citizens, attributing to them possible facts of concealing information about the disease because of the fear of being quarantined. Thus, the COVID-consciousness of Russians demonstrated a combination of rather contradictory attitudes."

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Bencikova, Eleonora, Jan Sinovsky und Ivana Astaryova. „CIVIL PROTECTION PREPAREDNESS AGAINST EPIDEMIC AND PANDEMIC RISK“. In 8th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS Proceedings 2021. SGEM World Science, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.vg2021/s07.25.

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Pinto, Conrado C., und Daniel R. Figueiredo. „Identifying Asymptomatic Nodes in Network Epidemics using Betweenness Centrality“. In Workshop em Desempenho de Sistemas Computacionais e de Comunicação. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/wperformance.2024.2414.

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Epidemics of certain viruses in a population can have major impact effects, as is the case in the recent global pandemic caused by the COVID-19 virus. Identifying infected individuals during the course of an epidemic is extremely important for measuring spread and designing more effective control measures. However, in some epidemics infected individuals do not exhibit clear symptoms despite being infected and contributing to the contagion of others (called asymptomatic). This work addresses the problem of identifying asymptomatic individuals in network epidemics based on the observation of infected (symptomatic) individuals. The main contribution of this work is the evaluation of different centrality measures to identify asymptomatic individuals when a fraction of the infected nodes in a network epidemic is observed at a given moment in time. In particular, a variation of the betweenness centrality measure is proposed in this work. An evaluation using different network models and different asymptomatic rates shows that the proposed centrality measure outperforms other centrality measures in many scenarios. Furthermore, the performance of centrality measures increases as the fraction of asymptomatic decreases, showing an interesting trade-off.

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Гахарія, К. В. „Взаємозв’язок концептів EPIDEMIC, PANDEMIC та CORONAVIRUS у сучасних реаліях“. In PHILOLOGICAL SCIENCES, INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND TRANSLATION STUDIES: AN EXPERIENCE AND CHALLENGES. Baltija Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-073-5-1-49.

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Bae, Se-Eun. „Pattern Analysis of Pandemic/epidemic/reassortment of Influenza Virus“. In Healthcare and Nursing 2016. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2016.128.28.

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NĂSTASE, Marian, Nicoleta CRISTACHE, Margareta Stela FLORESCU und Andrei Constantin TÎRNOVANU. „ENTREPRENEURIAL CHALLENGES IN POST PANDEMIC ERA“. In International Management Conference. Editura ASE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/imc/2022/02.09.

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The COVID-19 epidemic had a significant impact on the global economy, harming both entrepreneurs and SMEs. This pandemic made the global economy to tremble and is causing enormous disruptions to people's lives and daily lives as well as to social and economic structures worldwide. Because of its tremendous transmission potential, this virus has spread unevenly throughout the entire world. COVID-19 is a serious health emergency, but it's also much more. It is a systemic disruption that will have significant effects in the short, medium, and long-term. Tens of millions of people have lost their jobs as a result of this virus, which has also had other negative consequences on companies and caused a significant short-term economic downturn. This research does a theoretical evaluation to analyze the repercussions of the epidemic for entrepreneurship and the entrepreneurial challenges in post pandemic era. Digital technology's vulnerabilities grow as it permeates society and the economy. Furthermore, the introduction of new technology solutions will be perceived as requiring a strong focus on privacy and cybersecurity.

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Pomazanov, Mikhail. „MODELING OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC INDICES AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS WITH SOCIO-ECONOMIC INDICATORS“. In 6th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eraz.s.p.2020.11.

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This paper presents non-classical models for estimating and forecasting COVID-19 pandemic indices. These models have been successfully tested on country data where the pandemic is nearing completion. In particular, an effective algorithm for mortality index evaluation is also presented. This index is usually replaced by more simple estimates such as, for instance, „the number of deaths divided by the number of infected”; however, while the virus is at the stage of its rapid distribution, such superficial approaches are incorrect. Model indicators of the infection itself allow us to predict not only the apogee of the epidemic and the end of the quarantine period, but also the maximum number of infected people in some country (continent) during the height of the epidemic. The second part of the paper is devoted to an attempt to build regression models to explain (with using 100+ country socio-economic indicators taken from the World Bank data) the behavior of the epidemic spread indices. It is shown that the maximum number of infected people in the country is well predicted (R-square is close to 90%); and, moreover, migration indicators and the number of international air take-offs are effective regressors. Other indicators, for example, the mortality index, are difficultly modeled; nevertheless, it has a significant relationship with socio-economic factors. The presented paper might be valuable for making effective decisions to forestall some future pandemics or even the „second wave” of COVID-19.

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Punanova, Svetlana, und Mikhail Rodkin. „ON THE REGIME OF COVID-19 EPIDEMIC IN RUSSIA AND ITS IMPACT UPON THE FUEL AND ENERGY COMPLEX, INCLUDING IN EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC SPHERES“. In GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/16.

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The mode of development of the COVID-19 pandemic in Russia and the impact of the epidemic on the areas of scientific research, education and functioning of the fuel and energy complex are discussed. The official statistics revealed evidence both of effectivity of the taken anti-epidemic measures in Moscow and of possible cases of incorrectness of statistical data. The social situation and the mode of development of the epidemic in Moscow and in the regions of Russia are essentially different, that reduces the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures introduced uniformly throughout the whole country. The conditions of the pandemic and quarantine are difficult for everyone, but organizations and persons with a more modern informational character of production adapt to them more easily. In general, it can be suggested that the epidemic besides the very essential losses gives an important impulse for social-economic and political modernization of the society.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Epidemic, pandemic"

Branco-Pereira, Alexandre, und Gabriela Carvalho Teixeira. Fellows Brief: Epidemic/Pandemic Preparedness in Brazil Amongst Transnational Migrants. Institute of Development Studies, Oktober 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2024.046.

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This brief aims to provide an analysis of the Brazilian response to the COVID-19 pandemic regarding transnational migrants and to look forward on how to build epi/pandemic preparedness in a way that is considerate of migrants’ rights, cultures and political demands. Building on Leach et al., the objective of this brief is ‘to rethink preparedness more fundamentally as a dynamic social, cultural and political process’ and to shed light on how the country’s response to the pandemic failed to be inclusive. This brief details key policy and operational considerations for the Brazilian Unified Healthcare System (Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) policymakers, health managers and public health authorities. It draws on ethnographic research from the main author’s doctoral research on the impact of the COVID-19 on racialised migrant and refugee communities in Brazil, on other academic and grey literature on the topic, and on guidelines and proposals for SUS produced in consultation processes organised by civil society.

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Baker, Scott, R. A. Farrokhnia, Steffen Meyer, Michaela Pagel und Constantine Yannelis. How Does Household Spending Respond to an Epidemic? Consumption During the 2020 COVID-19 Pandemic. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26949.

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Wang, Xiaohang, und Quzhi Liu. Prevalence of anxiety symptoms among Chinese university students amid the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, Oktober 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0104.

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Review question / Objective: The prevalence of anxiety disorders among Chinese college students during the COVID-19 epidemic. Eligibility criteria: The inclusion criteria for eligible studies are: (a) The prevalence of anxiety symptoms is reported in the article (b) The subjects of the study are Chinese college students, including overseas Chinese students (c) Anxiety symptoms are measured with standardized measurement tools (d) All studies It was carried out during the COVID-19 epidemic. We excluded the participants from non-Chinese college students, a mixed study that did not separately report the results of a group of college students, and a study that did not use standardized test tools for anxiety.

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Forero-Alvarado, Santiago, Nicolás Moreno-Arias und Juan J. Ospina-Tejeiro. Humans Against Virus or Humans Against Humans: A Game Theory Approach to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Banco de la República, Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1160.

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Externalities and private information are key characteristics of an epidemic like the Covid-19 pandemic. We study the welfare costs stemming from the incomplete information environment that these characteristics foster. We develop a framework that embeds a game theory approach into a macro SIR model to analyze the role of information in determining the extent of the health-economy trade-off of a pandemic. We apply the model to the Covid-19 epidemic in the US and find that the costs of keeping health information private are between USD $5.9$ trillion and USD $6.7$ trillion. We then find an optimal policy of disclosure and divulgation that, combined with testing and containment measures, can improve welfare. Since it is private information about individuals' health what produces the greatest welfare losses, finding ways to make such information known as precisely as possible, would result in significantly fewer deaths and significantly higher economic activity.

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Orosz, Anna, und Ferenc Németh. Western Balkans in the year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.e-2020.99.

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The emergence of the novel coronavirus has altered the political agendas in the Western Balkans as well. Although governments introduced strict measures relatively early, the hasty reopening of borders and (early) elections soon resulted in a relapse. The second wave of the pandemic might hit the economy less but the price in human lives increased. Accordingly, the countries must face with the economic and societal consequences of their poor health systems and political decisions. This analysis will briefly introduce the health, political and socioeconomic dimensions of the pandemic crisis, while also evaluate the role of the EU and other external actors, as well as Hungary played during the epidemic.

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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Eva Niederberger und Tabitha Hrynick. Key Considerations: Operational Considerations for Building Community Resilience for COVID-19 Response and Recovery. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Januar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.002.

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As the unequal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic continues, there is a need to robustly support vulnerable communities and bolster ‘community resilience.’ A community resilience approach means to work in partnership with communities and strengthen their capacities to mitigate the impact of the pandemic, including its social and economic fallout. However, this is not resilience which returns the status quo. This moment demands transformative change in which inequalities are tackled and socioeconomic conditions are improved. While a community resilience approach is relatively new to epidemic preparedness and response, it frames epidemic shocks more holistically and from the perspective of a whole system. While epidemic response often focuses on mitigating vulnerabilities, there is an opportunity to use a resilience framework to build existing capacities to manage health, social, psychosocial, and economic impacts of an epidemic. This makes a resilience approach more localised, adaptable, and sustainable in the long-term, which are key tenets of an epidemic response informed by social science. This brief presents considerations for how health and humanitarian practitioners can support communities to respond to and recover from COVID-19 using a community resilience approach. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).

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Schmidt-Sane, Megan, Tabitha Hrynick und Eva Niederberger. Community Resilience: Key Concepts and their Applications to Epidemic Shocks. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Januar 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/sshap.2021.003.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed long-standing social inequalities and vulnerabilities, with the most disadvantaged and marginalised groups bearing the greatest health, social, and economic burdens. Beyond documenting these vulnerabilities, there is a need to mitigate them and support the resilience of marginalised communities. ‘Community resilience’ can bolster community capacity to cope with the pressures of various shocks; this brief explores how its concepts can be applied to epidemics. It reviews the grey and academic literature on different approaches to community resilience. It covers 1) terminology, 2) lessons from practice, 3) the context of community resilience, 4) a systems approach, and 5) key human and social capacities. Social justice, inequality, equity, and fairness are highlighted as themes in need of further development for resilience as it relates to epidemic preparedness and response. This brief was developed for SSHAP by IDS (led by Megan Schmidt-Sane with Tabitha Hrynick) with Anthrologica (Eva Niederberger).

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