Um die anderen Arten von Veröffentlichungen zu diesem Thema anzuzeigen, folgen Sie diesem Link: Environmental investments.
Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Environmental investments“
Geben Sie eine Quelle nach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard und anderen Zitierweisen an
Machen Sie sich mit Top-50 Zeitschriftenartikel für die Forschung zum Thema "Environmental investments" bekannt.
Neben jedem Werk im Literaturverzeichnis ist die Option "Zur Bibliographie hinzufügen" verfügbar. Nutzen Sie sie, wird Ihre bibliographische Angabe des gewählten Werkes nach der nötigen Zitierweise (APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver usw.) automatisch gestaltet.
Sie können auch den vollen Text der wissenschaftlichen Publikation im PDF-Format herunterladen und eine Online-Annotation der Arbeit lesen, wenn die relevanten Parameter in den Metadaten verfügbar sind.
Sehen Sie die Zeitschriftenartikel für verschiedene Spezialgebieten durch und erstellen Sie Ihre Bibliographie auf korrekte Weise.
1
Gurko, Anna, Svetlana Oparina, Lidia Vasyutkina und Elena Potekhina. „The environmental investments justification“. E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 08029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199108029.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article reveals the problems of improving environmental impact assessment and justification of the economic investments of industrial enterprises. The existing tools for environmental impact assessment are analyzed, information on the role and place of environmental impact assessment and investment design in the justification of the planned economic activity is systematized. For this purpose, considerable attention is paid to the analysis and synthesis of existing methodological approaches to this problem. The authors propose to consider environmental impact assessment and justification of environmental investments as a process aimed at making environmentally oriented management decisions on the feasibility and economic feasibility of implementing planned economic activities, the reasonableness of capital investments, taking into account possible adverse environmental, social, economic impacts and developing measures for their reduction and prevention. Based on the study, the authors developed a classification of the causes of environmental pollution, presented in the form of a tree of systems, allowing for a clear decomposition of the causes of pollution of the environment, specifying and refining the targeting of environmental measures necessary to reduce pollution. This research direction is also complemented by the development of a strategy (decision tree) and a mathematical description of the simulation procedure, which allows real-time making an objectively reasonable choice of options for implementing the planned economic activity, taking into account the totality of known information.
2
Popova, Olga. „DEVELOPING THE METHODS FOR EVALUATION OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF ECOLOGICAL INVESTMENTS“. Economical 2, Nr. 2(21) (2019): 151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31474/1680-0044-2019-2(21)-151-158.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article describes the modern world experience in the formation and development of the system of economic evaluation of environmental investments. Approaches to the formation of the discount rate using dynamic methods of evaluating the effectiveness of investments are analyzed. An analysis of world experience in the economic evaluation of environmental investments. It is established that the methods of economic evaluation of environmental investments require adjustment of the main investment parameters - the amount of investment payments, the duration of the planned horizon, the discount rate - taking into account the specifics of such investments. The article identifies a high level of environmental risk and higher amounts of invested capital as specific features of environmental investments. This primarily applies to the methodology of economic evaluation of environmental investments, which are characterized by an increased level of risk, higher cost of capital involved in contrast to traditional investments. It is proposed to consider the conditions for the formation of critical points in the interest rate on the example of an investment designed for five years. The choice of such a planned project implementation horizon is due to the fact that with an odd number of years there is always at least one critical point and under certain conditions, which will be discussed below, there is a possibility of new critical points that expand investment efficiency. It is shown that if the project is designed for an even number of years, the existence of one such point is not always possible. The study confirms that with a certain change in investment parameters there is an expansion or contraction of the safety zone when changing one or more parameters of environmental investment. implementation will be economically feasible for all participants in the investment process.
3
Starikova, Ludmila, und Irina Trapeznikova. „Sufficiency of Investments in Environmental Policy of Mining Region“. E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184102019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Since 2005, expenditures on research, development and technological work (R & D) have been allocated in the structure of investments in non-financial assets. The absence of methodological developments on a comprehensive analysis of indicators of environmental and economic efficiency does not allow us to clearly determine the real costs of creating a system of rational nature use and environmental protection. In order to, at least approximately estimate the necessary level of investment in the restoration of the environment, it is necessary to conduct a study of the relationship between investment and environmental activities through the interrelationship between the concepts of "investment" and "capital investments".
4
Hyski, Marcin. „Spatial Diversification of Financial Involvement of Rural Communes (Gminas) In the Environmental Protection Investments in Poland“. Geografija ir edukacija mokslo almanachas / Geography and Education Science Almanac 4 (11.10.2016): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/ge.2016.6.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
This article aims to recognition and assessment of extent to which the Polish rural communes participate in financing of environmental protection investments. Investments in the natural environment protection are the subject of the article. Special attention of the analysis is focused on the issue of their funding, especially funding from budgets of rural communes, including the territorial division into provinces. Secondary sources of statistical information for 2014 were used in the investigations. Environmental protection investments in Poland are financed from sources that differ in character and performance. Among the sources of funding for environmental protection investments, the most important are own means covering about half of the outlays on fixed assets for the natural environmental protection. Expenses from communes’ budgets are of marginal importance for the structure of environmental protection funding. In 2014, they were shaped at a level similar to the amount of expenditure for this purpose spent from the central budget and the budgets of counties. Rural communes, which constitute 63,8 % of all communes in Poland, finance almost 30 % of expenditure on environmental protection investments carried out by the communes as a whole. Environmental protection is an important objective of local politics. Among the investment priorities of rural communes it is placed after investments in the sphere of agriculture, public security and fire protection. The largest scale of investment expenditure on the environmental protection in 2014 was recorded in the malopolskie and mazowieckie provinces, where rural communes financed almost 15 % of total investment outlays on this purpose spent by all rural communes in Poland. Tangible effects of the realized environmental investments financed from rural communes’ budgets in 2014 in Poland are diversified spatially. For example, considering investments in wastewater management, three provinces (malopolskie, slaskie and mazowieckie) realized investments such as collective sewerage system discharge sewage constituting over one third of the total length of such system built in 2014 in rural areas of Poland total.
5
Mishenin, Yevhen, Iryna Marekha, Inessa Yarova, Olha Kovalova und Tetiana Pizniak. „Optimizing a portfolio of agri-environmental investments“. Agricultural and Resource Economics: International Scientific E-Journal 8, Nr. 1 (20.03.2022): 115–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51599/are.2022.08.01.06.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to substantiate theoretical-and-methodological provisions for building investment portfolios in agribusiness by the criterion of minimizing environmental risk of selected investment-financing strategies.
Methodology / approach. In the article, on the basis of the dialectical method of cognition, the following methods were used: abstract-logical – in the systematization of scientific papers on the problem of diversification and optimization of the agricultural investment portfolio; system analysis and comparison – in the study of portfolio theories and concepts; computational and constructive – in the analysis of environmental-and-economic factors of the profitability of agricultural land use; economic-and-mathematical modeling – in the process of modeling the optimal portfolio of agri-environmental investments by the criterion of minimizing the risk of a particular investor, caused by the action of soil degradation factor in Sumy region. The materials of the Main Department of Statistics in Sumy region and the Sumy regional branch of the Institute of Soil Protection of Ukraine have formed the informational basis of the research.
Results. The optimization of the agri-environmental investment portfolio is due to the modification of the approach by the American Economist H. Markowitz “risk-return analysis” and its adaptation to the conditions of real investment. The paper uses a conservative approach to investment, which involves the construction of portfolios on the criterion of minimizing investment risk due to the influence of soil degradation for a particular investor. This factor requires the determination of the investor’s environmentally related risk, which manifests itself in the following directions: a) a decrease in crop yield due to the action of the factor of high soil pH; b) a decrease in the sales price for crop products because of contamination with heavy metals; c) an increase in the cost of agricultural production in deteriorated ecological conditions. Evaluation of agribusiness investment attractiveness on environmental-and-economic grounds provides for the consideration of the above areas from the standpoint of state, banking, foreign investment and self-investment. Assessment of investment quality identification is performed on the basis of calculation of the investor’s income elasticities to environmental risks on the example of Sumy region, which provides investment rationality decisions in the field of agricultural land use, considering environmental factors. It is substantiated that the highest investment quality is characterized by the bank’s investment financing strategy.
Originality / scientific novelty. The methodological approach to the definition of investor’s environmental risk in agricultural land use is improved. It is calculated considering the influence of factors of environmental destruction of land and soil resources (soil pH, pollution with heavy metals, etc.) on sources of profit, as well as with the definition of returns on investment resources (crop yield, ecological sales price, and income). The system of environmental-and-economic indicators in the formation of the investment portfolio is substantiated, including the following: the structure of investments, which is developed considering the influence of the environmental factor; portfolio investment risk due to environmental factors; and the investment portfolio yield adjusted for the level of environmental risk which provides an assessment of the investment attractiveness of agricultural land use on an environmental-economic basis. A methodical approach to substantiate investment decisions in the agriculture of the Sumy region is proposed, which along with considering the environmental factor, is in calculating the elasticities of investor’s income to the environmental-and-economic risks, which increase the correctness of financial decision-making.
Practical value / implications. Theoretical-and-methodological provisions and conclusions obtained in the study can be used to justify the direction of investment capital in the field of agricultural land use, considering the level of environmental-and-economic constraints.
6
Kazitskaya, Nina, Vera Prusova und Sergey Bochkov. „Stimulating Environmental Investments in the “Green” Economy of Eurasia“. E3S Web of Conferences 278 (2021): 03010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127803010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
To date, investment in industrial production and infrastructure has passed through a certain bifurcation point associated with the division into “green” (environmental) and traditional (resource and nature-intensive) investments. Following the new demands of modern society to improve the environment and reduce the pressure on it from industry, the concept of traditional economic growth based on extensive environmental management is being replaced by ideas of sustainable development related to resource conservation, waste recycling and reduction of polluting emissions into the biosphere. As a result, investment as the basis of economic growth is also gravitating towards a green economy, participation in which is gradually becoming a major competitive advantage for the markets of developed countries. In this process, the role of the state in stimulating nature-saving investments, in which indirect instruments (subsidies, tax incentives), take an increasing place, is growing many times over.
7
Olden, Kenneth. „Impact of Environmental Justice Investments“. American Journal of Public Health 99, S3 (November 2009): S484. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.2009.176602.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
8
Willats, D. J. „Financial evaluation of environmental investments“. Journal of Hazardous Materials 54, Nr. 1-2 (Juni 1997): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(97)89420-4.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
9
Fitzgerald, Frank. „Financial evaluation of environmental investments“. International Materials Reviews 41, Nr. 1 (Januar 1996): 33–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/imr.1996.41.1.33.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
10
Moilanen, T., und C. Martin. „FINANCIAL EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENTS“. Surface Engineering 12, Nr. 2 (Januar 1996): 132–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/sur.1996.12.2.132.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
11
Siddayao, Corazon M. „Energy investments and environmental implications“. Energy Policy 20, Nr. 3 (März 1992): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-4215(92)90080-l.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
12
Brida, Juan, Edgar Carrera und Elvio Accinelli. „Preservation of environmental quality and tourist investments“. European Journal of Tourism Research 1, Nr. 1 (01.03.2008): 4–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54055/ejtr.v1i1.6.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
We develop a theoretical model to analyze the incentives for hotel chains to make environmentally friendly investments. We show that the level of investment of hotel chains to improve the environmental quality of a tourist destination depends positively on two factors: tourist demand and the level of aggregate income. The framework is based on a model of horizontal differentiation à la Hotelling. By introducing a demand function for tourist commodities, we show that an increase in total income encourages hotel chains in the regions with higher demand to invest on environmental quality.
13
Rogozhina, N. „Globalization and Developing Countries: Environmental Aspect“. World Economy and International Relations, Nr. 4 (2014): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2014-4-16-25.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In the article the widespread opinion concerning the exclusively negative impact of globalization on environmental situation in developing countries is disputed. But analysis of environmental consequences of trade and investment liberalization in these states proves that the role of foreign investments in deteriorating of national environmental situation is too exaggerated. On the contrary, the "export of environmentalism" is associated with TNK activities. On the one hand, globalization originates new threats. On the other hand, the integration of developing countries into the world economy favors the solution of many environmental problems by attraction of foreign private investments in industrial development and costly infrastructure projects; transfer of clean technology; promotion of international environmental cooperation and increase of environmental responsibility of national business.
14
Nakamura, Eri. „The bidirectional CSR investment – economic performance relationship“. Journal of Global Responsibility 6, Nr. 1 (11.05.2015): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgr-05-2014-0021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Purpose – This paper aims to investigate the following two research questions: Do corporate social responsibility (CSR) investments enhance a firm’s economic performance? Does the firm’s economic performance influence CSR investments? That is, the bidirectional relationship between CSR investments and economic performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper analyzes three types of CSR investments (environmental, labor-related and social investments) using a simultaneous equations model with a data set of 185 Japanese firms. Findings – Environmental investments reduce economic performance, labor-related investments do not significantly affect economic performance and social investments increase economic performance. Moreover, strong economic performance decreases environmental investments but increases social investments. Labor-related investments are chosen considering economic performance in both the present and previous terms. Practical implications – For managers, environmental and labor-related investments are not effective for improving economic performance. However, eradicating them completely might harm corporate reputation. In contrast, social investments have now become important. For policymakers, different approaches may be adopted to encourage firms to increase CSR investments. In some cases, policymakers can rely on firm initiatives instead of regulating or encouraging CSR activities. Originality/value – First, the authors empirically examine the bidirectional relationship between CSR investments and economic performance. Second, they clarify the determinants of CSR by specifying the investment function of each type of CSR. Third, they consider three types of CSR investments, with interrelations among them allowed in the model, and determine how each type affects firm performance.
15
Carè, Rosella, und Riccardo De Lisa. „Environmental Impact Investing: An Overview“. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting 9, Nr. 3 (25.06.2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijafr.v9i3.15045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In recent years, environmental and sustainability issues have experienced great interest. Addressing climate change requires the implementation of initiatives that require meaningful upfront capital investment and the development of alternative financing models for projects or initiatives with an environmental objective. In this sense, impact investments are currently used to fund projects and activities that tackle environmental problems. This work discusses new and emerging approaches towards sustainable development by providing a brief overview of the environmental impact investment movement and by focusing on an analysis of the first environmental impact bond (EIB).
16
Rudnicki, Maciej. „Metody oceny ekonomicznej i finansowej publicznych inwestycji w dziedzinie ochrony środowiska“. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 3, Nr. 1 (31.12.2005): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2005.3.1.20.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Nowadays, the realization of public, infrastructural investments in the area of environmental protection, is inseparably connected with financing them from various sources, public and private. The majority of funds which finance the investments like this, have very strict criterions of economical and financial evaluation of investment project. Although the public proecologic infrastructural investments concern the area of public services, they are treated like typical economical undertakings by financial institutions. Often , it turns out that well prepared and well organized undertaking does not meet the economical or financial demands of the fund which finances the investment. It is worth, then , to pay attention to some issues about criterions of economical and financial evaluation which are used in respect of public, infrastuctural, proecological investments. The author focused on criterions which are universal so that they recognized and used by many financial institutions and European Committee, European Investment Bank and National Fund of Environmental Protection and Water Economy.
17
Borisova, Victoria, und Iryna Samoshkina. „Investment Management of Agro-Ecological Farms“. BIO Web of Conferences 10 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20181001003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The effective development of farms requires the environmental and economic investing, which provides for investments in improving the soil quality that can be enhanced through a fresh look at the problem of degradation, given that agricultural land is considered to be produced, not primary resource, similar to all other kinds of resources accounted in agriculture. The degradation and restoration of land productivity are the problems of the analysis of investment updates, modified with the aim of establishing the relationship of the soil quality and relevant investments. The effective investing of additional capital is crucial for the successful investment activities of agro-ecological farms, while investment resources are subject to management. The stirring up of investment activities is possible on the basis of the environmental and economic planning of farms as the important link in the structure of the organizational and economic mechanism of farm operation, the efficient investment management. The article focuses on the directions of attracting investments in agro-ecological farms and agricultural enterprises to improve their business performance. The investment attractiveness of environmental agribusiness is justified. The features of management and trends in the development of the investment activities of agro-ecological farms are identified.
18
Kocmanová, Alena, Marie Pavláková Dočekalová, Tomáš Meluzín und Stanislav Škapa. „Sustainable Investing Model for Decision Makers (Based On Research of Manufacturing Industry in the Czech Republic)“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 20 (10.10.2020): 8342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208342.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Sustainable investing is an investment approach in line with the values of sustainable development and compliance with environmental, social, and corporate governance (ESG) criteria. The aim of the article is to propose a sustainable investing model (SIM) to support the decision-making of responsible individual investors. The proposed model aggregates economic indicators of investment decision-making, positive and negative ESG criteria, the market value of the stock, a systematic and unsystematic risk (expressed by the capital asset pricing model (CAPM)), thus widening the investment triangle by another peak—and that is sustainability. The research methodology is based on four key areas (environmental, social, corporate governance, and economic) associated with sustainable investments, stock market value, and risk. The research methodology of structural equation models is applied for the construction of the SIM. Mathematical equations are used to apply the SIM, which expresses values, the so-called factor scores. For the classification of sustainable investments, a classification scale is created that divides investments into three groups: above-average, average, and below-average. The SIM comprehensively evaluates individual ESG criteria and economic areas of sustainable investments, thus assisting the investor in deciding on sustainable investments of Czech joint-stock companies in the manufacturing industry, including benchmarking with other sustainable investments.
19
Martin, Jay G. „An Attorney's Perspective on Emerging New Venture Opportunities for Petroleum Projects in Latin America“. Alberta Law Review 33, Nr. 2 (01.04.1995): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/alr663.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
This article discusses the potential for new opportunities in the petroleum industry in Latin American countries. The author states that investment in Latin American petroleum projects is required in order to meet energy needs and environmental requirements. After surveying the history, politics and investment climate in Latin America, the author discusses the investment opportunities that have arisen in Latin America as well as the potential risks associated with these investments. He then discusses environmental concerns and other recent developments that impact on petroleum investments. The author examines key issues arising out of petroleum agreements between investors and Latin American governments and outlines the various petroleum agreements currently in use. To conclude, the author discusses the role of legal advisors in assisting clients in making successful investments in Latin American petroleum projects.
20
Lu, Yuan Tang, Peng Chen, Jian Hua Zhu, Shun Qing Xu und Jun Gao. „Empirical Analysis on Pollution Control Effects Decomposition of Environmental Protection Investments“. Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1400–1404. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1400.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Based on the decomposition analysis method of pollution change, the article extended connotation of decomposition model, and applied it to the analysis of pollution removal factors. It quantitatively decomposed effects of increased environmental protection investments upon the change of COD removal into scale effect, structure effect and technology effect. Results show that the scale effect makes the largest contribution to the removal of COD, the structure change of environmental protection investments and technical effect perform negative effects. The environmental pollution control appeared as a rude mode, and the efficiency of pollution control is relatively low. Therefore, we should increase investment in industrial pollution treatments, promoting the application of friendly-sound and advanced technology, intensifying the construction of pollution treatment infrastructures and supervision on the whole operation so as to raise the environment benefits of environmental protection investments.
21
Ihnatchenko, A. S., B. L. Kovalov, S. M. Fedyna und A. G. Popova. „Analysis of the Definitive Basis of the Term “Environmental (Green) Investments” and their Classification“. Mechanism of an Economic Regulation, Nr. 2 (2020): 138–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mer.2020.88.12.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The paper analyzes the meaning and essence of the term «environmental (green) investment». Summarizing the existing interpretations of the term «environmental (green) investment», the authors propose their own definition of environmental investment. The author’s interpretation of the term «environmental (green) investment» takes into account the social, economic and environmental spheres of sustainable development. The dominant author's interpretation of the term «environmental (green) investment» is investing in the greening of financial structures. The article summarizes and systematizes the classification of environmental (green) investments, which can be divided according to the scope of investment objects, the regional characteristics of the subjects of environmental investment, the term and method of investment. The authors have made recommendations for improving the environmental efficiency of the green economy in Ukraine.
22
Morozova, Elena, Anatoly Akulov und Timur Logunov. „Impact of Environmental Investments and Air Protection Costs on the Sustainable Development of Coal Mining Regions“. E3S Web of Conferences 105 (2019): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910502003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The transition to sustainable development of mining regions depends on the size and effectiveness of environmental investments. This study examines the impact of investments and current costs of air protection on the amount of air emissions from stationary sources. We used data on investments in atmospheric air protection, current costs of air protection, and amounts of air emission in 12 mining regions of Russia. The impact of investment and emission costs was simulated using standard pairwise regression equations and the Almon distributed lag model. The statistical insignificance of the models has been established, both in terms of the form of coupling equation and the significance of most coefficients with explanatory variables. The distributed lag model using data on investments in air protection over five years is also statistically insignificant. The paper also discusses the impact of investments and current costs on the specific emission amount per 1 ruble of the gross regional product. The model of pairwise linear regression and other possible forms of the coupling equation in this case are statistically insignificant. The study found that investments and current costs do not affect emissions from stationary sources. This suggests a lack of investments in the air protection and a low efficiency of their use.
23
Njegovan, Zoran. „Priority environmental investment programme: Development and implementation“. Spatium, Nr. 11 (2004): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat0411084n.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
This paper is created to serve as a methodological base and possible work plan for Assistance in Priority Environmental Investment Programme Development and Implementation in the Republic of Serbia. It will contribute to improved mechanisms for selection of priority environmental investments. Also, the paper should outline a scope of work for technical assistance for Republic of Serbia in developing mechanisms for identifying and selecting priority environmental investments. The main feature of the long-term environmental policy in the Republic of Serbia is absence of integrated approach, which goes hand by hand with the international environmental standards, and lack of efficient economic instruments and regulations. It causes an inadequate technology policy and location of the polluters. Besides that there has been a lack of appropriate environmental monitoring system good enough to provide efficient ex-ante and ex-post protection. It has caused a lot of environmental damages so that a completely new approach in the field of environment is expected to be created out of which the Priority Environmental Investment Programme (PEIP) should be a main tool for experience of good environmental governance in the Republic of Serbia as well as in the region of SEE.
24
Keun-Hyo Yook. „Determinants and Effects of Environmental Investments“. Journal of Environmental Policy 12, Nr. 2 (Juni 2013): 33–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17330/joep.12.2.201306.33.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
25
Thampapillai, Dodo J., Wu Xun und Seck L. Tan. „Fiscal Balance: Environmental Taxes and Investments“. Journal of Natural Resources Policy Research 2, Nr. 2 (13.04.2010): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390451003643544.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
26
Bonifant, Benjamin C., Matthew B. Arnold und Frederick J. Long. „Gaining competitive advantage through environmental investments“. Business Horizons 38, Nr. 4 (Juli 1995): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-6813(95)90007-1.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
27
Sukhadolets, Tatyana, Elena Stupnikova und Olga Olenina. „Infrastructure road construction environmental risks minimization“. E3S Web of Conferences 311 (2021): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202131101009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Measures to reduce environmental risks within the infrastructure construction are mainly reduced to recommendations on use of renewable energy sources, and use of vehicles with hybrid and electric motors. The article shows that the predominant factor in reducing environmental risks is investment in fixed assets for environmental protection. The analysis performed using OLS confirmed that the degree of P-value dependence in all three constructed models was obtained for the Investments variable.
28
Tagaeva, T. O., V. M. Gilmundinov, L. K. Kazantseva und D. D. Sinigaeva. „«Green» Economy and «Green» Investments in Russia“. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 962, Nr. 1 (01.01.2022): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/962/1/012035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Abstract The authors of this scientific paper examine the current situation in the Russian Federation associated with the pollution of water and the atmospheric resources, with the problem of production and consumption waste accumulation, and draw their attention to the imperfection of statistical information, which does not allow for an objective assessment of the environmental situation. The quality of natural resources is not improving despite the statistical decrease in emissions and discharges of pollutants. They concluded an inconsistency of the economic development in the Russian Federation with the principles of sustainability and the “green” economy. It is necessary to intensify investment activities to protect the natural environment, in order to change the situation. At present, the share of the environmental investments in all national economic capital investments is negligible - less than 1%. The sluggish dynamic of investment processes led to insufficient commissioning of the main environmental funds. Recently, the situation has worsened in connection with the sequestration of the national project “Ecology” due to the pandemic problems. The article is devoted to the analyses of the “green” investment processes in Russia. The author’s definition of “green” investment is given.
29
Li, Ruiqian, und Ramakrishnan Ramanathan. „Can environmental investments benefit environmental performance? The moderating roles of institutional environment and foreign direct investment“. Business Strategy and the Environment 29, Nr. 8 (06.07.2020): 3385–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bse.2578.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
30
Olkiewicz, Marcin, Anna Olkiewicz, Radosław Wolniak und Adam Wyszomirski. „Effects of Pro-Ecological Investments on an Example of the Heating Industry—Case Study“. Energies 14, Nr. 18 (20.09.2021): 5959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14185959.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
This paper presents problems connected with the effects of pro-ecological investment on the example of the heating industry. The aim of the publication, resulting from the identified gap, is to analyze pro-ecological investments on the example of a Polish heating company—Miejska Energetyka Cieplna Ltd. in Koszalin. In particular, the pro-environmental activities in which the examined company engaged over the period 2017–2020 were analyzed. On the basis of existing models in the literature, the authors’ cause–effect model for analyzing pro-ecological investments was proposed and investments were realized by the analyzed organization using this model. Combining the presented causes and effects of ecological investments, it is possible to propose a cause–effect model of pro-ecological investments undertaken in organizations consisting of three causes and five effects. All causes that cause organizations to realize pro-ecological investments can be divided into three groups: low requirements, economical requirements, and image requirements, all of which lead to the implementation of environmental corporate social responsibility.
31
Elias, Larissa Guarany Ramalho, Marília Carvalho de Melo, Ana Silvia Pereira Santos und Leonardo Castro Maia. „Model of integrated territorial assessment for environmental justice applied to sanitation“. Revista Brasileira de Ciências Ambientais (Online) 56, Nr. 2 (2021): 232–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/z21769478828.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Equitable access to water and sanitation is still a challenge worldwide and in Brazil. In this sense, the concept of environmental justice was used in this paper as a basis for establishing an Integrated Territorial Assessment Model for Environmental Justice Applied to Sanitation. This research aims to give scientific support for the State Government to improve public policies and promote the universalization of water and sanitation services as established by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This study was based on a quali-quantitative methodology. Secondary data were selected as key information to analyze environmental justice in sanitation, including the following: hydric vulnerability (IV), water supply (WS); untreated sewage collection (SC); sewage collection with treatment (ST); water supply investments (WSI); sewage system investments (SSI); municipal per capita income (MPI); and municipal human development index (MHDI). The data were presented in maps by overlapping the State official regional division and the discussion was carried out based on regional differences and similarities. The repetition of a pattern was noted, in which unfavorable rates were concentrated in the North and Jequitinhonha-Mucuri regions: water vulnerability, sewage system with collection and without treatment, total investment, average investment, per capita income and municipal human development index. Both also have low rates of the sewage system and water supply when compared to others. On the other hand, Zona da Mata and Triângulo regions have favorable rates for hydric vulnerability, sewage system with collection and without treatment and water supply. The Triângulo Mineiro region also presented favorable rates of total investment, average investment, per capita income, and municipal human development index. It is concluded that the inequality between the regions is, initially, of natural origin, and reinforced by the social context and inequality in sanitation investments in the different regions.
32
Chariri, Anis, Mohammad Nasir, Indira Januarti und Daljono Daljono. „Determinants and consequences of environmental investment: an empirical study of Indonesian firms“. Journal of Asia Business Studies 13, Nr. 3 (08.07.2019): 433–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jabs-05-2017-0061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
PurposeThis study aims to examine the effect of institutional ownership, audit committee and types of industry on environmental investment. Furthermore, this research investigates the consequences of environmental investments on firm financial performance.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 145 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards issued by the Ministry of Environment, Republic of Indonesia in the year 2009-2015. The data were then analyzed using ordinal logistic regression and multiple regression.FindingsThe findings showed that environmental investment was significantly affected by types of industry. However, institutional ownership and audit committee did not influence environmental investment. Finally, the finding indicated that environmental investments positively affected firm financial performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis research only covered companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchanges and receiving PROPER awards. Thus, the findings cannot be generalized for all companies in Indonesia and other markets.Originality/valueThis study is the first effort intended to investigate the determinants and consequences of environmental investment which have been ignored by previous studies, especially in the Asian emerging markets. This study at least provides us with two main contributions. First, the findings on determinants of environmental investment can be used by governments in Asian countries, especially Indonesia as a reference in making policies concerning the obligations of companies to the environmental problems. Second, the finding on the relationship of environmental investment and financial performance can be used by companies as strategies to generate profits without destroying the environment.
33
Gellers, Joshua C., und Chris Jeffords. „Environmental Determinants of Chinese Development Finance in Africa“. Journal of Environment & Development 28, Nr. 2 (07.02.2019): 111–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1070496518825282.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
To what extent are decisions regarding Chinese investment in Africa motivated by environmental factors? A considerable body of work has examined the determinants of foreign aid among traditional donors, producing useful debates about the relative significance of recipient need or merit and donor interest. But far less scholarly effort has focused on the motivations of emerging donors and the role of environmental factors in influencing aid allocation. In an attempt to fill these gaps, this article uses statistical techniques to test the hypothesis that China deliberately invests in African countries with poor environmental performance for reasons related to recipient need or donor interest. Drawing upon project-level data regarding investments made by China in Africa from 2002 to 2012, the analysis suggests that Chinese development assistance grows commensurate with a country’s environmental performance, but only to a point. After a state achieves a certain level of environmental quality, Chinese investments decline.
34
Awan, Usama, Amira Khattak, Sajeela Rabbani und Amandeep Dhir. „Buyer-Driven Knowledge Transfer Activities to Enhance Organizational Sustainability of Suppliers“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 7 (08.04.2020): 2993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072993.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Despite the significant contribution of buyer-driven knowledge transfer activities (BDKTAs) to innovation and operational performance, studies that analyze social sustainability in manufacturing (suppliers) firms are still scarce. This paper examines the mediation relationship of knowledge acquisition and investment in environmental management between BDKTAs and social performance improvements (SPIs). The paper contributes to the understanding of buyer knowledge transfer activities, with a focus on the knowledge acquisition capabilities and investments in environmental management, and the effect on SPIs. The hypotheses were examined with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with data collected from 239 firms. Buyer knowledge transfer activities are likely to increase the willingness of suppliers to make specific environmental investments into operations in waste reduction procedures, the recycling of materials, and pollution prevention training of employees. We proposed that buyer knowledge transfer activities are necessary to survive and grow and thus there is a need to acquire knowledge resources to achieve organizational sustainability. Buyer knowledge transfer activities are necessary to make investment decisions in environmental management programs. Firms that focus on buyer knowledge transfer activities and internal investments into environmental management can attain sustainability objectives.
35
Pimonenko, Tetiana, Oleksii Liuliov und Yana Us. „Marketing strategies of green investments: basic concepts and specific features“. Herald of Ternopil National Economic University, Nr. 1(91) (01.01.2019): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/visnyk2019.01.177.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Due to the rapid increase of environmental concerns among consumers and their interest in purchasing eco-friendly and environmentally safe goods and services, a considerable amount of research has been carried out on theoretical and practical aspects of green marketing. Thus, the study provides an analysis of the role of environmental factor in enhancing competitive advantages of the company. The authors conclude that the growth of company competitiveness results in the greater interest of prospective investors in improving company environmental performance. The aim of the article is to systematize competitive strategies of green marketing aimed at attracting green investments. The authors claim that green marketing is based not only on the analysis of investment activity and estimation of project profitability, but also on sound decision-making in the developing and implementing environmental investment projects, which contribute to the reduction of CO2 emission and environmental pollution, improvement of resource and energy efficiency, conservation of biological diversity, etc. Taking into account research results from current studies, the authors consider green investments as traditional investment activities within projects aimed at improving environmental performance of companies. Based on the analysis of relevant studies, the key competitive strategies of green marketing for attracting green investments are iidentified. The authors come to the conclusion that in the contemporary society there are gender stereotypes which have a strong impact on consumers’ behaviour, and as a result, women and men have different views on green initiatives. It is found that with a more efficient use of resources some companies are able to pay off green investments, while other companies see creating a new eco-brand as the best way of achieving competitive advantages. The results of the article make it possible to assume that companies should develop green strategies, bearing in mind gender stereotypes and striving for more gender-neutral green products. The results of the article make it possible to further study specific features of green marketing strategies, attract more green investments and transform them into the source of competitive advantages.
36
Tagaeva, Tatiana, und Lidiya Kazantseva. „Investments in environmental objects construction in the Russian Federation“. E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 07004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128407004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article is devoted to the characteristics of environmental investments in the Russian Federation, which are divided into two types: the first investments are aimed at the development and implementation of environmentally friendly production technologies; the second investments are directed to the commissioning of environmental protection and nature-cleaning fixed assets. Investments of the second type are considered in more detail. The data of modern statistics show the reduction of organizations with special costs, associated with investments in the construction of environmental facilities. The dynamics of “green” investments, their structure by directions and sources of financing are analyzed. Economic methods to stimulate environmental investments of enterprises and increase, targeted government spending on the environment, are proposed. As a result, we can consider that transition is needed from the residual principle of financing environmental protection to a directed increase in targeted government spending.
37
Tripathi, Swastika, Manjula Jain und Viksit Tripathi. „Greenfield Investments: An Economic and Financial Key Driver for India’s Growth“. Management and Economics Research Journal 5 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18639/merj.2019.739951.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Since ages, India has held the flagship of being prosperous, economically viable, financially sound, rich in resources, and diverse in traditional and cultural aspects, yet has never failed to cater to the needs of crores of citizens. The economic factors and flow of financial wherewithal have pushed Indian economy to the brighter side of development. However, the growth aspects led to a significant decrease in the climatic and weather conditions and therefore an urgent need to mend up the environmental issues. Greenfield investments were sought as remedial measure to sustain the issues of environment as well as economic and financial feasibility in the form of investments. Investment is a gizmo for creating wealth by employing funds with an intention of achieving additional income or growth in the value and gets rewarded by return. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is such an investment wherein foreign investors make their funds employable in the foreign-based company either through greenfield investments, brownfield investments, or through portfolio investment. In Indian context, overseas investments can be made either through automatic route or through Reserve Bank of India and Government of India. The highlight of this paper is the significance of greenfield investments in the developmental aspects of Indian economy.
38
Stanescu, Bogdan, Lidia Kim, Gina Traistaru, Adriana Cuciureanu und Gheorghita Tanase. „Evaluation of the Relevant Environmental Aspects of Some Locations Intended for New Investments“. Revista de Chimie 69, Nr. 11 (15.12.2018): 3261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.11.6726.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In recent years, the growing dynamics of the investments for new civil and industrial construction projects involves new properties acquisitions. On the other hand, there is an increase in the conversion of some industrial sites into commercial or residential areas, after their acquisition by the new owners. It is very important to knows the quality of the environmental components in the areas where the new investment projects are being implemented. Most of the time, the acquisition of a land or industrial site is preceded and, in many cases, conditioned by a thorough assessment of the quality of the environmental components in order to assume responsibilities for the ensuing environmental obligations. This involve environmental assessment performed by specialists who can objectively and analyze relevant environmental issues and report the necessary conclusions and recommendations for each case. The paper presents the expertise of the National Research and Development Institute for Industrial Ecology specialists in a study that analyzed soil, groundwater and air quality in order to develop new investments projects. The presented conclusions converge towards the important role of the environmental assessment based on the relevant information analyzed for each case and the importance of environmental information in preparing new investments.
39
Tabor, Joanna. „Implementation of the Sustainable Development Concept in Manufacturing Companies“. Management of Sustainable Development 6, Nr. 2 (01.12.2014): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/msd-2015-0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Abstract The sustainable development concept has become an extraordinarily important formative element of all activities taken by both law makers and the society, including entrepreneurs, for favour of broadly comprehended natural environment protection. This article presents the analysis of practical implementation of the sustainable development concept in manufacturing companies in Poland in the years 2010-2012. It also verifies directions of expenditures made towards environmental protection fixed assets, depending upon investment types, i.e. whether they were end-of-pipe investments or integrated technology investments. It was found that in the industrial processing sector in Poland, the highest average share of expenditures was associated with air and water protection fixed assets, whereas, in case of amounts spent on air protection means, a fall was observed in their share, and an increase in case of water protection. Furthermore, end-of-pipe investments dominated within the structure, whereas an increase was observed in the share end-of-pipe investments, and a fall in the share of integrated technology investments. It was also found that total amounts spent on environmental protection fixed assets per one company and per one employee increased, and the share of this type of expenditures in the total value of fixed assets obtained from manufacturing companies’ investment activities increased as well.
40
Paderin, Ivan, Kostiantyn Zhadko und Yuliia Goryaschenko. „Economics of Investment Processes at the Enterprise“. Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, Nr. 1(38) (2020): 192–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-7206.2020.1(38).192-195.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In the article it is proved that for Ukraine the priority should be investments in the development of high-tech and high-tech industries. It is noted that in conditions of sustainable development, the quality of investments should be considered not only as an indicator characterizing the degree of return on investment in a particular investment segment and object, but also characterizing the degree of social and environmental efficiency. The overall dynamics of the volume of investments in industry in 2010-2018 is analyzed. A clear tendency has been revealed in the growth of investment in industry in cost terms for the analyzed period for all types of industrial activity: mining and quarrying, processing industry, supply of electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning and water supply. Concrete examples of the development of effective capital investments are given on the example of ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih PJSC, Azovstal Iron and Steel Works of the Metinvest Group, and Innovation Forpost Industrial Park.
41
NEHRT, CHAD. „TIMING AND INTENSITY EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENTS“. Strategic Management Journal 17, Nr. 7 (Juli 1996): 535–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0266(199607)17:7<535::aid-smj825>3.0.co;2-9.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
42
Cortazar, Gonzalo, Eduardo S. Schwartz und Marcelo Salinas. „Evaluating Environmental Investments: A Real Options Approach“. Management Science 44, Nr. 8 (August 1998): 1059–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.44.8.1059.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
43
Kip Viscusi, W. „Irreversible environmental investments with uncertain benefit levels“. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 15, Nr. 2 (Juni 1988): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0095-0696(88)90015-0.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle
44
Hossain, Mohammad Belayet, Asmah Laili Bt Yeon und Bin Ahmad Shamsul Abd Aziz. „Environmental Protection and the Bilateral Investment Treaties of Malaysia and Netherlands: A Comparison“. European Energy and Environmental Law Review 28, Issue 5 (01.10.2019): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2019020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In absence of any global treaty, the bilateral investment treaties are playing an important role of regulating foreign investments in the host countries. According to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, there are 2361 bilateral investment treaties are in force and like other members of the World Trade Organization, Malaysia and Netherlands also signed bilateral investment treaties to facilitate trade. The primary purpose of economic globalization is the economic development of the developing and least-developed countries as well as to facilitate benefits of the home states. Malaysia foreign investment laws and bilateral investment treaties mainly protects foreign investors, however, neither of them has any specific provision of protecting environment. The Environmental Quality Act 1974 standard in Malaysia is not high like many developed countries such as Netherlands and significantly lack any provision to sustainable development. This article addresses two questions: (a) do the bilateral investment treaties of Malaysia and Netherlands has any specific provision to protect the environment? (b) should the environmental protection be considered during the entry of foreign investment in Malaysia and Netherlands? Using doctrinal research method, we critically analysed twenty-one bilateral investment treaties signed by both Malaysia and Netherlands with same countries to explore whether there is any reference of protecting environment. We find that the existing Malaysia and Netherlands bilateral investment treaties have provisions to promote and protect foreign investments but have no reference (except Netherlands-United Arab Emirates BIT) of protecting environment. Therefore, both governments should consider this important factor while signing any future bilateral investment treaties.
45
Mavlutova, Inese, Andris Fomins, Aivars Spilbergs, Dzintra Atstaja und Janis Brizga. „Opportunities to Increase Financial Well-Being by Investing in Environmental, Social and Governance with Respect to Improving Financial Literacy under COVID-19: The Case of Latvia“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 1 (29.12.2021): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14010339.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The latest studies reveal that the COVID-19 pandemic has pushed investors in developed economies to focus more on the value attached to environmental and social responsibilities. Unfortunately, socially responsible investment and compliance with environmental, social and governance criteria are not given enough priority in Latvia at present. The purpose of the study is to investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the willingness of Latvians to invest in assets that meet environmental, social and governance (ESG) criteria and factors influencing investors’ choice based on their financial literacy. Different views on sustainable investments, socially responsible investments and the relevance of environmental, social and governance criteria from private investors’ perspectives were analyzed to identify factors influencing investment decisions in favour of sustainable investments. Quantitative analysis was carried out to reveal the regularities between financial literacy, the willingness to invest to meet the ESG criteria and the level of education and income of the Latvian population, as well as their savings/investment experience. Such statistical methods as descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing were applied to perform an analysis of the results. The authors’ findings include the importance of sustainable investing to Latvian society, changes of attitude towards ESG investing in different private investors’ groups under the COVID-19 crisis, and the effects of these changes on the financial well-being of the population and, on the basis of these findings, have come to the conclusion that the willingness to invest in the assets that follow environmental, social and governance criteria depends on the level of education, savings/investment experience and income level.
46
Fidarova, Larisa M., und Noemi A. Mardeyan. „MANAGEMENT OF BUDGET INVESTMENTS“. EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 4, Nr. 10 (2021): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.10.04.014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The article discusses the Federal targeted investment program. The state and dynamics of the main indicators of FAIP for 2018–2020 are analyzed: the volume of budget allocations from the federal budget for budget investments; the number of objects subject to commissioning; the share of program financing of budget investments in the total volume of budget allocations for investments; structure of program financing of budget investments. Studied and summarized modern trends in the implementation of FAIP. The corre-sponding conclusions were drawn from the data obtained.
47
GERGAEVA, A. K., B. R. KALLAGOV und A. Kh KALLAGOVA. „INVESTMENTS AND INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS AS FACTORS OF SUSTAINABLE REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT“. EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, Nr. 7 (2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.07.02.005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
The investment component is one of the key factors of sustainable socio-economic development of the regions. As an economic category, investments play an exceptional role in the system of commodity-money relations at both the macro, micro, and meso levels. Investment attractiveness and investment risk are the formative elements of an appropriate regional investment policy. Investment activity on the territory of practically any subject of the federation, by definition, is associated with financial, environmental, economic, social, criminal, political, and administrative – legal and other risks. This article is devoted to the analysis of some aspects of this problem.
48
Sytnik, A. A., und N. V. Tsopa. „INCREASING THE INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS OF THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES“. Construction economic and environmental management, Nr. 3 (2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2519-4453-2020-3-91-96.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
For sustainable development, the enterprise needs to constantly develop, quickly adapt to changing environmental conditions, offering modern, high-quality products that satisfy the consumer on the market. The constant development of the enterprise requires regular investments in production and scientific and technical development, and for other purposes aimed at obtaining a positive effect. To attract these investments, an enterprise needs to monitor its investment attractiveness.
49
Bórawski, Piotr, Marta Guth, Aneta Bełdycka-Bórawska, Krzysztof Józef Jankowski, Andrzej Parzonko und James W. Dunn. „Investments in Polish Agriculture: How Production Factors Shape Conditions for Environmental Protection?“ Sustainability 12, Nr. 19 (02.10.2020): 8160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12198160.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
In recent years, social and economic goals have been preferable compared to environmental issues. However, global problems with the environment, increasing pollution, and gas heating emissions have made environmental issues a major priority. Suddenly, human beings have realized that environmental investments are needed to maintain better world conditions for future generations. This article investigates the development of agricultural investment in the context of production factors in Polish voivodeships in the years 2000–2018. Farmers have to choose between investing and developing production or being more environmentally friendly and invest on a smaller scale or transform their farms into organic production. Moreover, the investment in environmental protection in Poland was analyzed. Investment outlays on fixed assets for environmental protection and outlays on fixed assets for water management were investigated. The level of investment has changed since Poland joined the EU. With membership, Poland gained access to new markets and technology. Particular attention has been focused on production factors (land, capital, and the work force). We have conducted as a proxy regular regression analysis and after panel regression to measure the impact of the chosen factors on explained variables: investment outlays in agriculture, and investment outlays per 1 ha of agricultural land. We have used correlation analysis to examine the relations between explanatory variables and total gross investment in agriculture and total investment outlays in agriculture per 1 ha of agricultural land, outlays on fixed assets for environmental protection, and outlays on fixed assets for water management. Our analysis confirms that explanatory variables are important in shaping total investment outlays in agriculture and total investment outlays per 1 ha of agricultural land.
50
van Raak, Jeroen, und Amber Raaphorst. „From performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry“. Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 94, Nr. 5/6 (30.06.2020): 205–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.94.48610.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnnotation:
Impact investments have the potential to play an important role in solving social and environmental problems. Although the sector is growing rapidly, it does face a number of challenges, in particular related to impact measurement. Measuring the impact of such investments, which aim to achieve social and/or environmental impact while simultaneously generating financial returns, has proven difficult. This study examines the design and application of measurement systems related to impact investments. To investigate this, the seven impact measurement guidelines of the IMWG are used as a framework. We study to which degree impact investors set concrete investment objectives, how they measure and collect data related to the generated impact of the investments, and how they use such data to evaluate investment opportunities. We rely on a qualitative research methodology, including 13 semi-structured interviews among Dutch institutional investors. We find that impact investors typically set general, but not specific impact objectives. Furthermore, we note that impact investors are still searching for and experimenting with performance measures, and that they would value the development of standardized measures. Such standardized measures may assist in reducing the cost of obtaining investment data, while simultaneously increasing data reliability. Although the obtained impact data is currently hardly used for external reporting and impact data driven investment decisions, the institutional investors expect this to happen in the near future as the process of impact measurement matures. This would enable institutional investors to transition from performance measurement to performance management in the impact investment industry.