Dissertationen zum Thema „Environment“
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1
Forsberg, Anna. „Environmental assessment of the urban environment“. Licentiate thesis, KTH, Chemical Engineering and Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1621.
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This thesis gives a systematic description of theEnvironmental Load Profile (ELP), an environmental assessmenttool developed for the urban environment. The purpose of thework was to improve the stringency of the system boundaries andfunctional units of the tool. This was achieved by putting theELP structure in the context of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)with a special emphasis on system boundaries. To create animproved scientific base for the ELP, a comparative study wasconducted using an evaluative framework for conceptual andanalytical approaches. Here, the ELP tool is compared with foursimilar environmental assessment tools for the builtenvironment.
Since, energy use in the operation phase is an importantfactor for the overall environmental performance of buildings,a sensitivity analysis was performed to investigate how theselection of heat and electricity mix affects the results of anenvironmental assessment of buildings. Four modes ofelectricity production and two modes of heat production wereapplied on three buildings with different technical systems intheir heat supply. The results show that the choice ofelectricity mix has a great influence on the outcome of anenvironmental assessment (EA) and it is suggested that both anaverage and marginal electricity mix should be applied inEA´s of the built environment. Further, it is argued thatconsequences of assumptions made should be explicitlycommunicated in the EA report, to allow the decision-makersrather than the analysts to make the final evaluation.
The ELP is primarily developed to follow up theenvironmental goaltwice as goodand assess theenvironmental performance of Hammarby Sjöstad, a newcity-district in southern Stockholm. The city-district is builtas a continuation of the inner Stockholm and the first part ofthe project, called Sickla Udde, is nearly finished. The ELPtool was applied in a first case study to answer the questionof how far Sickla Udde has reached in achieving the goal. Theassessment indicates that compared to a reference districtbased on the technology used in 1990, the environmentalperformance of Sickla Udde has reached the goaltwice asgoodfor some environmental load categories and 30percent for others. Although these findings are preliminary,they indicate a development in the right direction. Measurestaken contributing to largest environmental improvements are: amore efficient energy production (improved district heating)and use (e.g. lower U-values in the buildings, energy efficientappliances, heat exchange of ventilation air) and improvedsewage treatment. The results also demonstrate that theenvironmental load from domestic transports can be of the samemagnitude as from the buildings situated within thecity-district. Hence, resources spent to decrease environmentalload in the planning process should primarily be divoted toimproving domestic transportation systems and on optimising theoperational phase of the buildings.
Keywords:environmental assessment, urban district,environmental load profile, Hammarby Sjöstad, life cycleassessment, LCA, environmental management, builtenvironment
2
Price, David A. „Environmental choices : coal, industry, environment, and society“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244902.
3
Mihalopoulos-Filippopoulos, Andreas. „Environment : autopoiesis, environmental law and the city“. Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271363.
4
Banker, William P. „Virtual environments and wayfinding in the natural environment“. Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1997. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA341166.
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Thesis (M.S. in Computer Science) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1997."September 1997." Thesis advisor(s): Rudolph Darken. Includes bibliography references (p. 149-150). Also available online.
5
Gawn, Mark Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. „Donor agencies and the environment: CIDA's environmental policy“. Ottawa, 1985.
6
Shvadlenko, Irina. „Evaluation of Environmental Education Software “Protecting Your Environment”“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1108407292.
7
DeVault, Carol Aline. „Working for the environment: Pathways to environmental careers“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1909.
Annotation:
Fifteen professionals in a variety of environmental occupations in the United States were interviewed in a structured, open-ended format. Job profiles were developed from the interviews. The philosophy of these environmental professionals is expressed in their own words and offers insights into influences upon career choice, professional training and personal fulfillment. In addition, environmental related career activity guides were developed to help students and their parents and teachers gain an awareness of the occupations available in this field.
8
Gebbels, Susan. „Promoting citizenship and environmental learning in the marine environment“. Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2298.
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This thesis addresses the need to involve all members of society in marine environmental education, policy-making and stakeholder processes. Several strategies are considered. Firstly, marine environmental citizenship and the concept of joint responsibility as a way of enabling people to contribute meaningfully to marine environmental management processes. This incorporates the implementation of programmes that enable adults to participate in local environmental projects and the importance of using skilled volunteers in wildlife recording programmes. Chapter two outlines ‘A Citizens’ Day’ between school pupils and environmentalists that enables participants to take part in debates and environmental planning in real life situations. The thesis examines the effects of links between universities, industries and schools were pupils surveyed a coastal area and made 15 recommendations for its sustainable management which were implemented by industry employees. Intergenerational learning as a means of encouraging transfer of knowledge between generations was tested in depth during one study. The methods proved effective, the majority of the adults in the project claimed that their knowledge of their areas maritime heritage had increased significantly. ‘The Tale of the Herring’ project looked at the concept of sense of place education as a tool for promoting environmental citizenship and connecting young people to their marine environment. The results of the study concluded that this approach did encourage a feeling of belonging and a sense of responsibly for one’s local environs. Global marine citizenship was assessed through International Schools Partnership in Ghana and the UK. Schools carried out independent surveys of local coastal habitats and made recommendations to managers. Despite many differences in their lives, pupils’ recommendations had many similarities. Innovative methods of giving children who have Special Education Needs a voice in marine environmental citizenry were also investigated. The focus had special emphasis on fieldwork, enquiry-based and cross-curricula approaches to learning. Pupils’ believed that their work motivated their interest in science and gave them a sense of pride in their work. Finally the thesis explored the potential use of the creative arts as an effective means of communicating marine environmental messages.
9
Sunderlal, Shinara. „Treble in the Environment: Incorporating Music into Environmental Education“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/77.
Annotation:
In this era where global sustainability is challenged, environmental education plays a vital role in building environmental awareness. Other roles of environmental education include the promotion of responsible citizenship and the fostering of environmental advocacy in children. As a way to strengthen these goals of environmental education, this thesis explores the dynamic uses of music to compound on the fields impact. I argue that the benefits of music outlined suggest music’s power to heighten environmental sensitivity from a young age. I use narratives from the environmental education, music, education, and psychology discourses to demonstrate the theoretical advantages of music in conjunction with environmental education. I also conduct my own research with Pitzer’s Leadership in Environmental Education Partnership, to put the theories into action. As a result, I find music to be an antecedent to the development of environmental sensitivity; music is not only instrumental in promoting environmental citizenship, but can be a way to achieve an environmental revolution by inspiring communities to mobilize for change.
10
Pan, Jilang. „Environmental risk assessment of inorganic chemicals in mining environment“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5641.
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Mining is one of the human‟s earliest industrial activities. Indeed early civilizations such as the Bronze Age and Iron Age are named according to their use of metals; the importance of metals is still central to industrialization and urbanization. The enormous quantities of mine waste and tailings generated by mining every year however, are also of concern. The relocation and removal of large quantities of mineral and waste can also release chemicals into the environment especially surface water, groundwater and soil during the mining lifecycle if good mining engineering and mitigation are not performed. To optimise this risk management based on excellent risk analysis is required. The study analysed the mining life cycle, chemicals in the mining environment, current regulations on chemicals in the environment and the development of environmental risk assessment framework with particular focus on the inorganic substances. Chemicals in the mining environment were then grouped into a) the minor constituents of the ore deposits; b) chemicals used in mining such as explosives, leaching chemicals and froth flotation reagents. c) chemicals generated by mining, milling and smelting including Acid mine drainage (AMD) and emissions from smelting and refining. The natural and anthropogenic sources, potential pathways to environmental and human receptors and the implications on human health of key toxic metals and metalloids in the mining context were then evaluated. A new two-tier risk assessment was developed based on the four-step conventional risk assessment framework by the U.S.National Research Council (NRC). Tier 1 involved analysing and evaluating existing data using two new semi-quantitative risk screening and prioritisation procedures, namely Chemicals of Greatest Concern (CGC) and Media of Greatest Concern (MGC). CGC was developed using specific hazardous properties of the inorganic chemicals and their eco-toxicities in the environment. MGC was a system of decomposition using a combination of various decision-making tools such as Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) and Hierarchical holographic modelling (HHM) to facilitate hazard identification and assessment. Tier 2 involved quantitative toxicity assessment, exposure assessment and risk characterisation which were used to quantify the total risk to human health using Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). The tiered risk-based approach developed was evaluated using three cases studies, viz, the Rustenburg platinum (Pt) mine, South Africa; the Lisheen lead (Pb) – zinc (Zn) mine, Ireland and the Richmond copper (Cu) smelter. The results from them were evaluated and compared as a basis for Anglo American plc‟s global strategic decision making. Finally, the strengths and weakness of the methodology developed were evaluated in relation to the application at current operational level. Future methodology refinement and incorporation of organic chemicals were also discussed.
11
Veneri, Brittney. „Classroom environment : the classroom environment's effect on student learning /“. Lynchburg, VA : Liberty University, 2007. http://digitalcommons.liberty.edu.
12
Harvey, Gareth J. „The impact of environmental cues in a corporate environment“. Thesis, Bangor University, 2012. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-impact-of-environmental-cues-in-a-corporate-environment(b21be54c-5037-45e7-9f28-f48c7fb75f2f).html.
13
Núñez, Rocha Thaís. „International trade and environment : the role of environmental regulations“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E051/document.
Annotation:
Cette thèse contribue à la compréhension de la relation entre le commerce et l’environnement, en mettant l’accent sur le rôle de la réglementation environnementale entre pays. Trois essais abordent ce lien selon différentes perspectives. Le premier chapitre analyse l’efficacité de la formalisation de la Convention de Bâle sur le commerce des déchets dangereux dans l’Union européenne (UE-WSR) puis sur les pays en développement, divisés en régions. Je construis un indice de réglementation environnementale, qui comprend notamment la qualité des institutions. Les résultats montrent peu de preuves d’un effet de havre de déchets dans les pays de l’UE les moins développés. Dans l’analyse régionale, il n’y a aucune preuve de l’efficacité de l’UE-WSR. Le second chapitre étudie l’efficacité des accords internationaux sur l’environnement. Ce chapitre évalue les effets de la ratification et de l’adoption de ces accords sur les importations de produits chimiques dangereux et de polluants organiques persistants. Les résultats soulignent l’effet partiel de ces deux conventions. Plus précisément, lorsqu’on évalue un accord moins restrictif, les importations ne sont réduites que lorsque l’exportateur ratifie la convention. Lors de l’évaluation de l’interdiction des polluants organiques persistants, les importations sont réduites. Le troisième examine l’effet de la réglementation environnementale sur les résultats environnementaux. Ce chapitre a pris en compte les déterminants de la pollution et une variable de réglementation environnementale composée de lois environnementales adoptées par les pays. Les résultats montrent que les lois environnementales ont un effet améliorant les résultats environnementaux. Cet effet est particulier aux résultats environnementaux et à la loi. Ainsi on met en question certaines conclusions antérieures tirées de la littérature sur l’effet bénéfique du commerce sur l’environnementThis thesis contributes to an understanding of the relationship between trade and the environment, with an emphasis on the role of environmental regulation among countries. Three essays deal with this link from different perspectives. The first chapter analyses the effectiveness of the formalization of the Basel Convention on trade in hazardous wastes in the European Union (EU-WSR), followed by developing countries, and divided into regions. I build an environmental regulation index, which includes the quality of the institutions. The results show little evidence of a waste haven effect in the least developed EU countries. In the regional analysis, there is no evidence of the effectiveness of the EU-WSR. The second chapter examines the effectiveness of international environmental agreements. This chapter assesses the effects of the ratification and adoption of these agreements on imports of hazardous chemicals and persistent organic pollutants. The results underline the partial effect of these two conventions. More specifically, when assessing a less restrictive arrangement, imports are reduced only when the exporter ratifies the agreement. In assessing the ban on persistent organic pollutants, imports are reduced. The third examines the effect of environmental regulation on environmental outcomes. This chapter has taken into account the determinants of pollution and an environmental regulatory variable composed of environmental laws adopted by countries. The results show that environmental laws have an effect improving environmental outcomes. This effect is unique to environmental outcomes and to the law. Thus, some previous conclusions drawn from the literature on the beneficial effect of trade on the environment are questioned
14
Núñez, Rocha Thaís. „International trade and environment : the role of environmental regulations“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E051.
Annotation:
Cette thèse contribue à la compréhension de la relation entre le commerce et l’environnement, en mettant l’accent sur le rôle de la réglementation environnementale entre pays. Trois essais abordent ce lien selon différentes perspectives. Le premier chapitre analyse l’efficacité de la formalisation de la Convention de Bâle sur le commerce des déchets dangereux dans l’Union européenne (UE-WSR) puis sur les pays en développement, divisés en régions. Je construis un indice de réglementation environnementale, qui comprend notamment la qualité des institutions. Les résultats montrent peu de preuves d’un effet de havre de déchets dans les pays de l’UE les moins développés. Dans l’analyse régionale, il n’y a aucune preuve de l’efficacité de l’UE-WSR. Le second chapitre étudie l’efficacité des accords internationaux sur l’environnement. Ce chapitre évalue les effets de la ratification et de l’adoption de ces accords sur les importations de produits chimiques dangereux et de polluants organiques persistants. Les résultats soulignent l’effet partiel de ces deux conventions. Plus précisément, lorsqu’on évalue un accord moins restrictif, les importations ne sont réduites que lorsque l’exportateur ratifie la convention. Lors de l’évaluation de l’interdiction des polluants organiques persistants, les importations sont réduites. Le troisième examine l’effet de la réglementation environnementale sur les résultats environnementaux. Ce chapitre a pris en compte les déterminants de la pollution et une variable de réglementation environnementale composée de lois environnementales adoptées par les pays. Les résultats montrent que les lois environnementales ont un effet améliorant les résultats environnementaux. Cet effet est particulier aux résultats environnementaux et à la loi. Ainsi on met en question certaines conclusions antérieures tirées de la littérature sur l’effet bénéfique du commerce sur l’environnementThis thesis contributes to an understanding of the relationship between trade and the environment, with an emphasis on the role of environmental regulation among countries. Three essays deal with this link from different perspectives. The first chapter analyses the effectiveness of the formalization of the Basel Convention on trade in hazardous wastes in the European Union (EU-WSR), followed by developing countries, and divided into regions. I build an environmental regulation index, which includes the quality of the institutions. The results show little evidence of a waste haven effect in the least developed EU countries. In the regional analysis, there is no evidence of the effectiveness of the EU-WSR. The second chapter examines the effectiveness of international environmental agreements. This chapter assesses the effects of the ratification and adoption of these agreements on imports of hazardous chemicals and persistent organic pollutants. The results underline the partial effect of these two conventions. More specifically, when assessing a less restrictive arrangement, imports are reduced only when the exporter ratifies the agreement. In assessing the ban on persistent organic pollutants, imports are reduced. The third examines the effect of environmental regulation on environmental outcomes. This chapter has taken into account the determinants of pollution and an environmental regulatory variable composed of environmental laws adopted by countries. The results show that environmental laws have an effect improving environmental outcomes. This effect is unique to environmental outcomes and to the law. Thus, some previous conclusions drawn from the literature on the beneficial effect of trade on the environment are questioned
15
Chalmers, Helen. „Developing the Environment Agency's policy position on addressing environmental inequalities“. Thesis, Middlesex University, 2006. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/6463/.
Annotation:
Background and drivers of the project In the UK there is growing interest in the relationship between environmental quality and social equity. Recent research has shown that the most socially and economically deprived people live in the worst environments. This presents difficult challenges to government and its agencies in delivering sustainable development, but also an opportunity to better integrate social and environmental policy and deliver a better environment and quality of life for everyone. This project arose out of the Environment Agency's interest in understanding these issues, and its social responsibilities in improving and protecting the environment. This report provides a reflective and critical analysis of a work-based project between September 2002 and September 2004 to develop the Environment Agency's policy on addressing environmental inequalities. Research objectives The overall aim of this project was to strengthen the Environment Agency's contribution to sustainable development by: • developing the Environment Agency's understanding of the relationships between environmental quality and social deprivation; • helping to clarify the Environment Agency's role, and ensure its policies reflect the need to address environmental inequalities; and • ensuring that others' strategies to tackle multiple disadvantage and promote sustainable development reflect the need to address environmental inequalities. Methodology and project activities An action research approach provided the overall framework for the project, in which cycles of action and reflection were used to develop evidence-based policy and wider organisational change. The project utilised a variety of research techniques, including quantitative statistical analysis, documentary research and collaborative inquiry with critical stakeholders. The data was triangulated to understand the relationships between environmental quality and social deprivation, the Environment Agency's role in addressing environmental inequalities, and wider policy options. A wide range of the Environment Agency's staff and its external stakeholders were involved in developing the research, making sense of the evidence, and developing and negotiating the policy solutions. Results The project established that: • While the quality of the environment is generally improving, the most socially and economically deprived communities tend to live in the worst environments. For example, those living in the most deprived wards in England experience the worst air quality, are most likely to live next to industrial sites and are most likely to live in tidal floodplains. In Wales, the picture is very different. Air pollution is generally better, the location of industrial sites show some bias towards affluent areas, and the link between flooding and deprivation is less clear. • The Environment Agency's role is to contribute to a better quality of life for everyone, by improving and protecting the environment and whatever their background and wherever they live. To inform its approach, the Environment Agency carries out research on environmental inequalities and works with others to develop the most effective ways of tackling them. It takes account of the social and economic impacts of its work whenever possible and includes the interests of disadvantaged communities in its work. The Environment Agency advises on the environmental impacts of planning decisions, and advises government on environmental inequality, • The Environment Agency is committed to doing what it can to address environmental inequalities and will ensure that it does not contribute to inequalities in the future. It will undertake further research on environmental inequalities and scrutinise its approach to modern regulation and flood risk management. It will carry out Strategic Environmental Assessment to assess the impact of its plans and programmes on people, and continue to provide information, and support processes that help people to make better decisions about their environment. • Work is also needed by government, business and society to address environmental inequalities at a national, regional and local level. The Environment Agency is calling for: a better understanding of environmental inequalities and the most effective ways of addressing them; government policy to promote a reduction in environmental inequalities; government to address environmental inequalities through tackling disadvantage; regional and local planning authorities to prevent further environmental inequalities; - communities supported and involved in decisions that affect their local environment. Project impact The Environment Agency's understanding of the relationships between environmental quality and social deprivation has developed considerably as a result of this project. New knowledge about environmental inequalities has led to increasing dialogue at different levels within ~ and outside the organisation about the Environment Agency's role in improving and protecting the environment in deprived areas. The project has laid the foundations for future changes in Environment Agency policy and practice. The project has provided leadership in championing these issues across government and has been instrumental in informing the commitments within the UK Sustainable Development Strategy. Through collaborative work with the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister, the Environment Agency has seen a shift in the government's thinking about the environmental dimensions of disadvantage and wider commitment to integrate environment and social justice across government policy. Recommendations The project developed specific recommendations for future research, policy and practice to address environmental inequalities. This report also makes recommendations for Ihe ways in which the Environment Agency should take these forward by: (i) continuing to shape and Champion research and policy to address environmental inequalities, but also demonstrating its commitment to this issue (as set out in its Environmental Vision and position Statement) by integrating environmental equality into its policies and processes, and through its corporate targets. (ii) undertaking practical pilots with local. regional and national partners to demonstrate the value of addressing environmental inequalities; (iii) placing greater emphasis on joining up the practical experience of its staff on the ground with the needs and views of the communities it works with, in the development of policy; (iv) supporting the use of social science and encouraging the inclusion of more diverse voices, particularly those that are most excluded, in the development of evidence-based policy; (v) continuing to promote the use of participatory approaches to support the development of science and policy; (vi) supporting greater opportunities for reflection, evaluation and learning from the experience of practice and policy – for example through work-based doctorates. learning sets. reflection, mentoring. and secondments.
16
Arsenault, Denis. „Environment, security and natural disasters, contesting discourses of environmental security“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0018/MQ36809.pdf.
17
Sethusha, Mantsose Jane. „How primary school learners conceptualize the environment and environmental education“. Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-10022007-134249/.
18
Boyd, David Richard. „The environmental rights revolution : constitutions, human rights, and the environment“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23334.
Annotation:
This thesis examines the growing recognition of the right to a healthy environment and its potential influence on public policy and environmental protection. It includes an analysis of 192 national constitutions, a survey of 500+ environmental law experts, an examination of environmental laws and court decisions in 86 nations, and a comparison of the environmental performance of nations with and without constitutional environmental protection using three comprehensive indices and three time-series.
Constitutional environmental protection is widespread—incorporated in 140 national constitutions—including 86 constitutions that explicitly recognize the right to a healthy environment. Common law nations lag behind civil law nations in this regard. Environmental rights also are recognized in four binding international agreements covering 115 nations in the Americas, Europe, Africa, and the Middle East.
Constitutionalizing the right to a healthy environment appears to have significant legal consequences. In 72 of 86 nations studied, national environmental laws were strengthened and incorporated environmental rights post-constitutionalization. In 50+ nations—spanning Latin America, Europe, Asia, and Africa—courts have enforced the right to a healthy environment. Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, and Costa Rica have pioneered simple and inexpensive judicial processes for protecting the right to a healthy environment. Increasingly, international courts and commissions are applying environmental rights in human rights cases.
In some nations, the constitutional right to a healthy environment appears to be contributing to: enhanced enforcement of environmental laws; a barrier to rollbacks in environmental law; greater government accountability; a level playing field with other rights; reduced environmental injustice; and improved access to information, public participation in decision-making, and access to justice.
Preliminary analysis suggests a positive relationship between environmental protection provisions in constitutions and environmental performance. Nations with constitutional environmental provisions have smaller ecological footprints, rank higher on comprehensive indices of environmental indicators, and reduced emissions of air pollutants and greenhouse gases faster than nations without such provisions. Additional quantitative research is needed to further explore the impact of constitutional provisions on environmental outcomes.
In conclusion, constitutionalizing environmental protection, particularly the right to a healthy environment, represents a potentially transformative act, capable of reconfiguring legal systems to place unprecedented priority on ecological sustainability.
19
Hall, Stacey L. „Effect of the Environment and Environmental Uncertainty on Ship Routes“. Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7352.
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The United States Navy (USN) uses Optimal Track Ship Routing provided by ship routing officers (SRO) to aid in the safe transit of its ships. When a ship makes a transit, the ship provides the SRO an origin, a destination, and a date of departure, and the SRO will generate a route for the ship to proceed along. Avoiding severe weather is the most important consideration in determining the route. In addition to safe transit, the USN also focuses on fuel efficiency. In recent years, the meteorology and oceanography community has been providing more products that estimate the uncertainty in environmental forecasts. However, it is not known how much that uncertainty affects or should affect ship routing. This thesis explores the sensitivity and robustness of optimized ship routes generated by the Ship Track and Routing System optimizer to uncertainty in the environment.
20
Grubinger, Michael, und Felix Strohmeier. „AUTONOMOUS ACQUISITION OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA IN A GLOBAL NETWORK ENVIRONMENT“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/607597.
Annotation:
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 22-25, 2001 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaThis paper presents the results of a feasibility study undertaken by the University of Salzburg (Austria), investigating the autonomous acquisition of environmental data in a global network. A suggested application which is used as the basis of this paper is a volcano monitoring system which would be able to track the activity of a volcano and act as a disaster warning system. The background Volcano observation data required for such a system is covered, before discussing the concepts for sensor data acquisition, storage and processing. A final analysis is then presented of the opportunities for the transmission by packet radio (both terrestrial and satellite).
21
Jiang, Shirley. „MONEY AND THE ENVIRONMENT: CLIMATE LOBBYING AND FIRM ENVIRONMENTAL PERFORMANCE“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1979.
Annotation:
In the U.S. firms spend millions of dollars each year on climate lobbying. Climate lobbying is often seen as “dirty” firms lobbying against environmental regulations; however, my study reveals a subset of major climate lobbying contributors actually have positive environmental performance records. This paper analyzes the relationship between firm-level environmental performance indicators and climate lobbying expenditures. To explore this relationship, I combine a firm level climate lobbying expenditures dataset from the Center for Responsive Politics, financial measures from Compustat and CRSP, and environmental performance indicators from MSCI. My results indicate more climate lobbying among firms that derive substantial revenues from products and services with environmental benefits and those with proactive carbon emission reduction policies/technologies
22
Pearson, Zoe. „Environmental Security in the Ecuadorian Amazon: Waorani, Oil and Environment“. The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276785206.
23
Wilson, Jodie Sarah Maria. „Environmental endocrine disruptors : their effects on the environment and health“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709860.
Annotation:
Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) can disrupt normal hormone signalling and production, and potentially contribute to a range of adverse effects on the environment and health. In vitro bioassay analysis was performed (mammalian reporter gene assays; RGAs) to assess the hormone receptor activity of common wastewater contaminants at environmentally relevant concentrations. The estrogenic enhancing capabilities of three parabens, 4-tert-octylphenol, carbamazepine and ketoconazole were identified; carbamazepine also disrupted glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcriptional activity. In addition, RGAs were used, coupled with a high content analysis (HCA) assay, to investigate the potential for persistent organic pollutants (POPs) to induce stress responses via disruption of the GR. PFOS, PFDA, BDE-47 and p,p’-DDE altered mammalian stress responses. HCA was also used to investigate chemically defined POP mixture induced toxicity on a liver cell model and successfully detected early signs of cellular stress. While it is important to understand and classify the effects of contaminants, it is also crucial to gain information about their presence in the environment. To this end a UPLC MS/MS method was developed to monitor fifteen common aquatic contaminants. Screening of wastewater treatment work effluent revealed 10 of the 15 contaminants were still detectable after WWTW treatment. Furthermore anthropogenic pollution was evident in the rural catchment rivers. These catchments also have the phenomenon of unexplained static biological water recovery. The prevalence of EDC activity was investigated using an effect-directed bioassay analysis approach. Areas of concern were highlighted (androgen receptor and GR antagonism). Furthermore a statistically significant association between GR antagonism and average score per taxon (ASPT) values (a measure of biological water quality) was highlighted for one catchment. The use of novel techniques as HCA can help advance knowledge on mixture effects due to the ability to incorporate multiple parameters. The ability to detect pre-lethal signs of cellular stress is important for risk assessment. Furthermore, this thesis shows the importance of constant and updated screening methods of environmental waters. The inclusion of bioassays for screening water samples gives valuable information which targeted methods are unable to provide.
24
David, Baylah 1942. „Addiction and environment: A test of restricted environmental stimulation therapy“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282129.
Annotation:
The research reported consists of the study of the application of Restricted Environmental Stimulation Therapy (REST), a form of sensory restriction, as a technique to supplement conventional outpatient treatment of alcohol and drug dependence in preventing relapse to substance abuse. Through a thorough review of the literature in several addictions, alcohol, drugs, tobacco, food, the proposition is put forth that there may be a neurological relationship between anomalous laterality, field dependency and addiction. By applying REST, a technique which has been already researched in the treatment of various forms of tobacco addiction and eating disorders, as a treatment to reinforce new found abstinence from alcohol and drug abuse, a test is made indirectly of the hypothesis that there is a commonality to the spectrum of addictions which is impacted by the application of 24 hours of sensory restriction. Thirty-one subjects, who had been enrolled for 3 to 8 weeks in outpatient treatment for alcohol and/or drug dependence, were recruited from several treatment programs in Tucson, Arizona, and participated in the study's pre-test. Through severe attrition a total of 12 subjects completed three questionnaires over a two month follow-up period. Of those, seven subjects, randomly selected, spent 24 hours in a soundproof, dark room. Five control subjects completed all questionnaires while participating in their pre-existing treatment programs. A disproportionate percentage of the twenty males completing the pretest were found to be mixed laterals while ten females reported an inordinate number of left-handed male relatives. Findings support the thesis that various addictions share a common neurological basis. Two months after the pre-test the treatment group reported having more confidence they would be able to resist the urge to use drugs than did the control group. Due to the small sample size, no other statistically significant effects of the REST treatment were found. In spite of that fact, results are promising in support of the thesis that REST is a viable tool in reinforcing abstinence from alcohol and drugs.
25
Rau, Andreas. „Interactive Play Environments : Digitally Augmenting the Built Environment to Mediate Play“. Thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-173935.
Annotation:
This master’s thesis expands the field of research in interactive playgrounds by examining the role of the built environment that is augmented with digital technology for richer interaction possibilities in such playgrounds. Based on a literature study, this thesis distinguishes interactive play environments from interactive playgrounds, since these often do not reflect the impact of the environment on play very well. The research question being raised is then as follows: “How do children use the digitally augmented built environment in their play?” The thesis describes the process of designing and prototyping an interactive play environment that features communication and a tube to throw objects through as play concepts. Six different prototypes shape the interactive environment in close interplay with landscape and existing built environment. The prototyped environment is then evaluated in a 4-day study at a Swedish school with approximately 240 children during their recess times. This study uses observation as the predominant data gathering method. The gathered data are analyzed based on content analysis. As an answer to the research question, this thesis describes the play that happens in an interactive play environment and draws conclusions on the influence of such an environment on play. The results of the study indicate, that the digitally augmented built environment has an impact on play in stimulating certain new play patterns. It shows its potential mainly as a mediator between the children and the environment, thus stimulating children to explore their environment through play and discover dormant values of the environment. Although we found that the digitally augmented built environment influences play, this study can not confirm that the digital components embedded in the built environment actually improve the play. However, the increasing presence of digital technology in society in general makes it inevitable to think about how this presence should be reflected in children’s playgrounds in the future and this work can give some directions for that.
26
Bryant, Molly E. „Physical Environments Conducive To Creativity and Collaboration Within the Work Environment“. The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338474660.
27
Johnson, Michelle E. „The Teaching and Learning Environment: The Eating Environment“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8550.
28
Da, Silva Mathieu. „Securing a trusted hardware environment (Trusted Execution Environment)“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS053/document.
Annotation:
Ce travail de thèse a pour cadre le projet Trusted Environment Execution eVAluation (TEEVA) (projet français FUI n°20 de Janvier 2016 à Décembre 2018) qui vise à évaluer deux solutions alternatives de sécurisation des plateformes mobiles, l’une est purement logicielle, la Whitebox Crypto, alors que l’autre intègre des éléments logiciels et matériels, le Trusted Environment Execution (TEE). Le TEE s’appuie sur la technologie TrustZone d’ARM disponible sur de nombreux chipsets du marché tels que des smartphones et tablettes Android. Cette thèse se concentre sur l’architecture TEE, l’objectif étant d’analyser les menaces potentielles liées aux infrastructures de test/debug classiquement intégrées dans les circuits pour contrôler la conformité fonctionnelle après fabrication.Le test est une étape indispensable dans la production d’un circuit intégré afin d’assurer fiabilité et qualité du produit final. En raison de l’extrême complexité des circuits intégrés actuels, les procédures de test ne peuvent pas reposer sur un simple contrôle des entrées primaires avec des patterns de test, puis sur l’observation des réponses de test produites sur les sorties primaires. Les infrastructures de test doivent être intégrées dans le matériel au moment du design, implémentant les techniques de Design-for-Testability (DfT). La technique DfT la plus commune est l’insertion de chaînes de scan. Les registres sont connectés en une ou plusieurs chaîne(s), appelé chaîne(s) de scan. Ainsi, un testeur peut contrôler et observer les états internes du circuit à travers les broches dédiées. Malheureusement, cette infrastructure de test peut aussi être utilisée pour extraire des informations sensibles stockées ou traitées dans le circuit, comme par exemple des données fortement corrélées à une clé secrète. Une attaque par scan consiste à récupérer la clé secrète d’un crypto-processeur grâce à l’observation de résultats partiellement encryptés.Des expérimentations ont été conduites sur la carte électronique de démonstration avec le TEE afin d’analyser sa sécurité contre une attaque par scan. Dans la carte électronique de démonstration, une contremesure est implémentée afin de protéger les données sensibles traitées et sauvegardées dans le TEE. Les accès de test sont déconnectés, protégeant contre les attaques exploitant les infrastructures de test, au dépend des possibilités de test, diagnostic et debug après mise en service du circuit. Les résultats d’expérience ont montré que les circuits intégrés basés sur la technologie TrustZone ont besoin d’implanter une contremesure qui protège les données extraites des chaînes de scan. Outre cette simple contremesure consistant à éviter l’accès aux chaînes de scan, des contremesures plus avancées ont été développées dans la littérature pour assurer la sécurité tout en préservant l’accès au test et au debug. Nous avons analysé un état de l’art des contremesures contre les attaques par scan. De cette étude, nous avons proposé une nouvelle contremesure qui préserve l’accès aux chaînes de scan tout en les protégeant, qui s’intègre facilement dans un système, et qui ne nécessite aucun redesign du circuit après insertion des chaînes de scan tout en préservant la testabilité du circuit. Notre solution est basée sur l’encryption du canal de test, elle assure la confidentialité des communications entre le circuit et le testeur tout en empêchant son utilisation par des utilisateurs non autorisés. Plusieurs architectures ont été étudiées, ce document rapporte également les avantages et les inconvénients des solutions envisagées en terme de sécurité et de performanceThis work is part of the Trusted Environment Execution eVAluation (TEEVA) project (French project FUI n°20 from January 2016 to December 2018) that aims to evaluate two alternative solutions for secure mobile platforms: a purely software one, the Whitebox Crypto, and a TEE solution, which integrates software and hardware components. The TEE relies on the ARM TrustZone technology available on many of the chipsets for the Android smartphones and tablets market. This thesis focuses on the TEE architecture. The goal is to analyze potential threats linked to the test/debug infrastructures classically embedded in hardware systems for functional conformity checking after manufacturing.Testing is a mandatory step in the integrated circuit production because it ensures the required quality and reliability of the devices. Because of the extreme complexity of nowadays integrated circuits, test procedures cannot rely on a simple control of primary inputs with test patterns, then observation of produced test responses on primary outputs. Test facilities must be embedded in the hardware at design time, implementing the so-called Design-for-Testability (DfT) techniques. The most popular DfT technique is the scan design. Thanks to this test-driven synthesis, registers are connected in one or several chain(s), the so-called scan chain(s). A tester can then control and observe the internal states of the circuit through dedicated scan pins and components. Unfortunately, this test infrastructure can also be used to extract sensitive information stored or processed in the chip, data strongly correlated to a secret key for instance. A scan attack consists in retrieving the secret key of a crypto-processor thanks to the observation of partially encrypted results.Experiments have been conducted during the project on the demonstrator board with the target TEE in order to analyze its security against a scan-based attack. In the demonstrator board, a countermeasure is implemented to ensure the security of the assets processed and saved in the TEE. The test accesses are disconnected preventing attacks exploiting test infrastructures but disabling the test interfaces for testing, diagnosis and debug purposes. The experimental results have shown that chips based on TrustZone technology need to implement a countermeasure to protect the data extracted from the scan chains. Besides the simple countermeasure consisting to avoid scan accesses, further countermeasures have been developed in the literature to ensure security while preserving test and debug facilities. State-of-the-art countermeasures against scan-based attacks have been analyzed. From this study, we investigate a new proposal in order to preserve the scan chain access while preventing attacks, and to provide a plug-and-play countermeasure that does not require any redesign of the scanned circuit while maintaining its testability. Our solution is based on the encryption of the test communication, it provides confidentiality of the communication between the circuit and the tester and prevents usage from unauthorized users. Several architectures have been investigated, this document also reports pros and cons of envisaged solutions in terms of security and performance
29
Rose, Kathleen A. „Environment "atmosphere" /“. Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11084.
30
Wall, Glenda. „Representations of environment, themes in popular Canadian environmental discourse, 1960-1994“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0010/NQ34707.pdf.
31
Brown, Rachel Ann. „Environmental impact of platinum, palladium and rhodium in the roadside environment“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271417.
32
Baban, Serwan M. J. „Location, people and the environment : explorations of geo-based environmental challenges“. Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539339.
33
Brannon, Pamela A. „The Oakhurst Historic House and Environment Center : opportunities for environmental education“. Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/546127.
Annotation:
The goals of the report were to present: 1) the rich historical, cultural, and George A. Ball estate environmental education Incorporating thisheritage; context of environmental education at the Oakhurst Historic House and Environmental Center; and 4) design guidelines for the physical manifestation of site experiences which will occur to meet environmental education objectives.Chapters One and Two begin with the history of the Ball Brothers in Muncie and their development of Minnetrista Boulevard. Oakhurst, the George A. Ball estate, is discussed at greater length including its architectural history and physical setting and development over the years to its probable future as the Oakhurst Historic House and Environmental Center.Chapter Three discusses the opportunity to facilitate use of the Oakhurst Historic House and Environmental Center by special populations, such as the elderly, the young, and the handicapped and their special characteristics, needs, and interpretive orientations. Chapter Four discusses environmental education and suggests three approaches while Chapter Five details specific activities incorporating the three methods of environmental education. Chapters Six and Seven discuss appropriate methods of interpreting historic landscapes for educational purposes and suggest design guidelines for the physical development of the property as the Oakhurst Historic House and Environmental Center.Department of Landscape Architecture
34
Bunyak, Garrett M. „Legitimization of Environmental Problems in Newsmagazines: Power, Propaganda, and the Environment“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1275514294.
35
Boaz, Lindsey Ellen. „Meeting the Personal Environment: Exploring Environmental Sensitivity of Appalachian College Students“. The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1590752066473921.
36
Karjalainen, Timo. „The environment in contexts : environmental concern in the Komi Republic (Russia) /“. Oulu : University of Oulu, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/toc/fy1002/2007385920.html.
37
Atkins, Richard N. „Assessing environmental, social and financial sustainability in the existing built environment“. Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.743896.
38
Myint, Cho Zin. „Reconfigurable Wireless Sensor Network Design for Environmental Monitoring in IoT Environment“. Thesis, Curtin University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/76187.
Annotation:
This study presents a reconfigurable wireless sensor network (WSN) based water quality monitoring (WQM) system in an IoT environment to measure five parameters of water such as water temperature, water level, water pH, turbidity of water and CO2 on the surface of water using sensors, Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Zigbee wireless communication protocol and personal computer (PC), a VHDL language and C++ program.
39
Moafipoor, Shahram, Lydia Bock, Jeffrey A. Fayman, Gerry Mader und Michael Strong. „Collaborative Environment Learning: The Key to Localization of Soldiers in Urban Environments“. International Foundation for Telemetering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/606113.
Annotation:
ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, NevadaSeveral navigation technologies exist, which can facilitate the generation of Time Space Positioning Information (TSPI) in urban environments. These include GPS, image-based localization, radio-based localization and dead reckoning. This paper first presents a basic overview of these techniques including advantages and limitations of each. We present an approach to localization in urban environments, based on environment learning and collaborative navigation using multiple homogeneous and non-homogeneous localization technologies, fused to form a multi-sensor system.
40
Eldstål, Emil. „Generating Procedural Environments using Masks : Layered Image Document to Real-time environment“. Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för konst, kommunikation och lärande, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-74667.
Annotation:
This paper will explore the possibilities of using an automated self-made procedural tool to create real-time environments based on simple image masks. The purpose of this is to enable a concept artist or level designer to quickly get out results in a game engine and to be able to explore ideas. The goal of this thesis was to better understand how you can break down simple ideas and shapes into more complex details and assets. In the first part of this thesis, I go over the traditional workflow of creating a real-time environment. I then go on and break down my tool, what it does and how it works. I start off with a Photoshop file, make tools in Houdini and then utilize those in Unreal for the end result. I also argument about the time-saving possibilities with these tools. From the work, I draw the conclusion that these kinds of tools save a lot of time for repeating tasks and the creation of similar environments.
41
Rice, Stephanie C. „The greening of an Adelaide hospital and caring for the environment : perceptions of the environment and changing environmental awareness of staff /“. Title page, contents and abstract only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envr497.pdf.
42
Dillon, Edward. „Which environment is more suitable for novice programmers editor/command line/console environment vs. Integrated Development Environment /“. Thesis, [Tuscaloosa, Ala. : University of Alabama Libraries], 2009. http://purl.lib.ua.edu/107.
43
Cranwell, Caresse. „Women, environments and spirituality : a study of women in the Australian environment movement“. Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envc891.pdf.
44
Blose, Ralph J. „Effects of teachers school-level environment perceptions on changing elementary mathematics classroom environments /“. Full text available, 2002. http://adt.curtin.edu.au/theses/available/adt-WCU20040331.142834.
45
McClernon, Christopher K. „Stress effects on transfer from virtual environment flight training to stressful flight environments“. Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2009. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA501682.
Annotation:
Dissertation (Ph.D. in Modeling, Virtual Environments, and Simulation)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2009.Dissertation supervisor: McCauley, Michael E. "June 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 14, 2009. DTIC Identifiers: Flight simulator, virtual environment, human physiology, transfer of training, human performance, stress coping, stress exposure training. Author(s) subject terms: Stress, training, transfer of training, flight simulator, virtual environment, human physiology, human performance, strain, stress coping, stress exposure training. Includes bibliographical references (p. 163-170). Also available in print.
46
Blose, Ralph J. „Effects of teachers school-level environment perceptions on changing elementary mathematics classroom environments“. Thesis, Curtin University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/2445.
Annotation:
The purpose of this study was to establish an action research plan for teachers to improve student outcomes by assessing, describing, and changing their classroom environments. This study relied on student perceptions, using survey responses, to assess and describe the classroom environment. Teachers used this information to develop intervention strategies designed to change the students' perceptions of their actual classroom environment to more closely mirror their preferred classroom environment perceptions.More than forty years of classroom environment research has proven the importance of the classroom environment in developing positive student outcomes. Additional research has established the reliability of student perceptions of their learning environment. Previous research has developed several dependable student survey instruments to measure student perceptions of their classroom environment.This study was conducted in a Title I elementary school in the United States over a seven month period. Two intermediate level mathematics teachers participated in the project. Both quantitative data, using the My Classroom Inventory (MCI) and the School Level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ), and qualitative data, teachers' case studies, were collected and analyzed.The study established that an action research plan for teachers to assess, describe, and change their classroom environments could be developed. However, even though teachers realized the benefits, for their students and themselves, in changing their classroom environments, school level environment demands negatively influenced their willingness to implement changes to their classroom environments.
47
Blose, Ralph J. „Effects of teachers school-level environment perceptions on changing elementary mathematics classroom environments“. Curtin University of Technology, Science and Mathematics Education Centre, 2003. http://espace.library.curtin.edu.au:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=14538.
Annotation:
The purpose of this study was to establish an action research plan for teachers to improve student outcomes by assessing, describing, and changing their classroom environments. This study relied on student perceptions, using survey responses, to assess and describe the classroom environment. Teachers used this information to develop intervention strategies designed to change the students' perceptions of their actual classroom environment to more closely mirror their preferred classroom environment perceptions.More than forty years of classroom environment research has proven the importance of the classroom environment in developing positive student outcomes. Additional research has established the reliability of student perceptions of their learning environment. Previous research has developed several dependable student survey instruments to measure student perceptions of their classroom environment.This study was conducted in a Title I elementary school in the United States over a seven month period. Two intermediate level mathematics teachers participated in the project. Both quantitative data, using the My Classroom Inventory (MCI) and the School Level Environment Questionnaire (SLEQ), and qualitative data, teachers' case studies, were collected and analyzed.The study established that an action research plan for teachers to assess, describe, and change their classroom environments could be developed. However, even though teachers realized the benefits, for their students and themselves, in changing their classroom environments, school level environment demands negatively influenced their willingness to implement changes to their classroom environments.
48
Loughland, Anthony Francis. „The relationship of pedagogy and students' understanding of environment in environmental education“. University of Technology, Sydney. Faculty of Education, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2100/313.
Annotation:
Environmental education is a relatively young area that can trace its roots back to the global environmental crises of the late 1960s and 1970s. Research in environmental education since this time has established the justification for its existence in the formal curriculum of schools. Less research has been conducted on the actual pedagogy of environmental education. This forms one part of the justification for this research study. The other justification for this research study is school students' objectification of the environment evidenced from the findings of a large survey of NSW school students. The objectification of the environment finding referred to students' responses that suggested that the environment was separate from them in contrast to a minority of students' responses that referred to a relational view (Loughland, Reid, Walker & Petocz, 2003). The two foci of pedagogy and students' understandings of the environment come together in the research question of this thesis, what is the relation between pedagogy and representations of the environment in environmental education? A Bernsteinian model of pedagogy, the pedagogical device, underpins the theoretical analysis of the pedagogy of environmental education in this study (Bernstein, 1990). A particular aspect of this device, the pedagogic recontextualising field, is used as a framework of analysis for the exposition of the major influences on the development of pedagogy of environmental education in NSW. Another theory of pedagogy, the NSW Quality Teaching Framework, is used to offer a performative angle on pedagogy to provide theoretical triangulation for the study. The pedagogy of environmental education was examined through a classroom ethnography with the researcher acting as a participant observer. The data were in the form of field notes, curriculum materials including children's literature, transcripts of classroom learning and products of students' learning. The analysis of the data was conducted using a variety of methods of analysis. The data were initially coded for themes that were the different representations of the environment in the pedagogy of this classroom. Further, the NSW Quality Teaching Framework (NSW DET 2003) was used as a theoretical framework of analysis in order to examine the data from the perspective of student performance in relation to current understandings of what constitutes good pedagogical practice. Next, Bernstein's model of the pedagogic device (1990) was used to analyse the data in the larger context of the social construction of knowledge in the school curriculum. This analysis incorporated Bernstein's original notions of pedagogical classification and framing (1971). This study has two main findings. First, the pedagogy of environmental education has strong classification and framing (after Bernstein 1971) that supports the objectification of the environment. Second, there is also some weak framing of the pedagogy of environmental education that generally does not support the objectification of the environment. The implications for these findings for practice are that environmental educators should be aware of deterministic curriculum that seeks to impose one view of the environment onto students. This curriculum positions the environment as an object that needs to be saved through human intervention. Further research into the pedagogy of environmental education that explores the relation of students' understandings of the environment and their relation to the epistemological and theoretical bases of pedagogy is warranted as a result of this study.
49
Beattie, James John, und james beattie@stonebow otago ac nz. „Environmental anxiety in New Zealand, 1850-1920 : settlers, climate, conservation, health, environment“. University of Otago. School of Liberal Arts, 2004. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20051020.183413.
Annotation:
Using a series of interlocking case-studies, this thesis investigates environmental anxieties in New Zealand�s settler society in the period 1830-1920. A central premise of this study is that the rapid environmental transformation of New Zealand stimulated widespread anxieties and reforms within settler society. These anxieties focussed as much on the changes already begun as on apprehensions of the results of these changes. Applying the concept of environmental anxiety to settler New Zealand expands understandings about colonial culture and its environmental history. It moves debate beyond simple narratives of colonial environmental destruction. Instead, this thesis highlights the ambiguities and complexities of colonial views of the natural world. This thesis points to the insecurities behind seeming Victorian confidence, even arrogance, in the ability of science and technology to bring constant material improvement. Europeans recognised that modern living brought material advantages but that the rapid environmental changes that underpinned these improvements also brought and threatened to bring unwanted outcomes.
A diverse range of settlers worried about the effects of environmental changes. Individuals, institutions, committees, councils, doctors, scientists, artists, governments, engineers and politicians expressed environmental anxieties of one kind or another. Some farmers, politicians and scientists held that deforestation decreased rainfall but increased temperatures. Other scientists and politicians feared that it brought devastating floods and soil erosion. Some Maori, travellers, politicians and scientists held that it destabilised sand that would inundate fertile fields. Councillors, engineers and doctors constantly debated ways of improving the healthiness of towns and cities, areas seen as particularly dangerous places in which to live. Doctors� and settlers� anxieties focused on the effects of New Zealand�s climate on health and racial development. The impact of environmental change on the healthiness of certain areas, as well as the role played by humans in climate change, also provoked lively discussion.
The effects of these anxieties are evident in some of the land policies, artworks, legislation, parliamentary and scientific debates, and writings of this period. Settlers believed curbing pollution, laying out parks, planting trees and restricting the construction of unhealthy properties improved living conditions in cities. Some scientists and politicians thought setting aside forest �climate reserves� in highland areas, tree-planting legislation and sustainable forestry practices prevented flooding and climate change. Individuals and authorities also established sanatoria and spas in particularly healthy spots, such as at the seaside and in high, dry places.
In investigating these topics, this thesis expands the discipline of environmental history, bringing to light the importance of studying urban environments, aesthetics, climate change, desertification and health. It expands the largely �national� narratives of New Zealand�s environmental histories by acknowledging that local environments, events and attitudes as well as global environments, events and attitudes shaped anxieties and policies. Global ideas, often operating at a local level, played a role in reinforcing and providing solutions to New Zealand�s environmental anxieties. This thesis also acknowledges the on-going significance of Christianity in under-girding ideas about improvement and environmental protection. Most significantly, perhaps, this study underlines both that many settlers displayed an emotional attachment to the New Zealand environment and that most colonists wanted to ensure the long-term productivity of its lands.
50
Lousley, Cheryl K. „(De)politicizing the environment club, environmental discourses and the culture of schooling“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0004/MQ40659.pdf.