Dissertationen: „Entrepreneurial stages“

1

Gillsberg, Andreas, und Lars_Åke Wahlberg. „Going International? : Recommendations for SMEs in early stages of internationalization“. Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-1010.

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Executive summary

In a world where the Internet and good communications accelerates the globalization, having

connections across borders becomes a competitive advantage. The easy access to a

constant stream of information is making the opportunities countless, adding to the equation

that the Internet and supplementary techniques such as different types of software are

still very young, the opportunities will keep on emerge. At the moment there are still great

gaps in terms of technology between countries, which enables fast growing companies such

as Lintner to fill a niche and gain new market shares due to their technological lead and

managerial practices. But how should they enter the new markets and reach the new costumers?

This research has put the emphasis on creating a guiding discussion on how an international

expansion strategy could be formulated.

We have found that organizations can lower the risk and increase their profit potential by

combining several strategies, that they start by expanding with a low-risk strategy and then

increase the investments on the market to enable higher profitability. The benefits with this

approach is that a small computer software company can take advantage from the simplicity

and low needs for capital and then gradually increase the investment as they get market

knowledge and a solid customer base. They need to work around challenges such as cultural

differences by allowing the due diligence to take time and the targeted company to

become familiar with the intentions of the collaboration. It is important that the organization

prepares itself for the internationalization; this is done by the creation of slack resources.

The strategy they choose must be formulated and incorporated in the overall business

strategy.

To successfully describe the alternatives to expansion currently available to Lintner, an extensive

literature review has been conducted. But to fully understand the surrounding environment

and the challenges with international expansion, we have conducted several interviews

within Lintner, but also with three organizations that have previously found themselves

where Lintner is today. The findings from these interviews were interpreted and

placed in context to Lintner’s and to companies in their specific situation. This has been

done in order for us to create a meaningful contribution to Lintner’s future growth.

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Hölzl, Werner, Reinhold Hofer und Angelika Schenk. „Three stages of net entry into Austrian manufacturing. Entrepreneurial experimentation and actual entry“. Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2001. http://epub.wu.ac.at/838/1/document.pdf.

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In this paper we explore the determinants of changes in the industrial populations rates in Austrian manufacturing. The research questions whether or not the nature and causes of the net entry of firms across three different stages of entry-exit decision and firm growth are different. Our econometric analysis suggests that there are differences in leading to the determination of the entry and exit at different stages of the entry-exit decision, and that aggregate growth and disaggregate growth (measured in employment terms) play a major role. (author's abstract)
Series: Working Papers Series "Growth and Employment in Europe: Sustainability and Competitiveness"

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3

Lang, Frédérique. „Linking entrepreneurial agency to the early life stages of innovative firms : the case of the biotechnology sector“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAB009/document.

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Cette thèse s’attache à étudier les premières étapes de vie des entreprises innovantes. Elles sont analysées tant sur le plan théorique, en faisant appel à la littérature sur l’entreprenariat, la théorie des organisations et celle sur l’innovation, que sur le plan empirique, via treize études de cas de start-ups en biotechnologie. Ce travail contribue à la littérature existante en introduisant théoriquement le concept d’agence entreprenariale. Les résultats sont présentés dans trois chapitres analytiques. Le premier analyse l’impact de la contrainte de financement, premièrement sur l’agence entreprenariale, et deuxièmement sur l’évolution de la firme. Le second s’intéresse au lien entre les caractéristiques de l’entrepreneur et les premiers stades de vie de l’entreprise. Enfin, le dernier chapitre examine le processus de transition allant du développement d’un projet d’innovation incubé dans une université jusqu’au début de la création de l’entreprise censée développer ce projet
The aim of this thesis is to further the understanding of the entrepreneurial process, from opportunity recognition to the development of start-ups. Various literatures are used, such as those of entrepreneurship, innovation studies and theories of organisations. The theoretical framework also introduces the concept of entrepreneurial agency. This framework is tested through thirteen case studies of biotech start-ups. The results are presented in three analytical chapters. The first develops the impact of involving financiers on entrepreneurial agency and firm evolution. The second aims at observing the effects of a change of leadership throughout the entrepreneurial activity, and links the background of the founder with the strategy of the firm. The final chapter attempts to understand the steps that a research project goes through when transitioning from the incubating organisation to a newly created enterprise

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4

Ferri, Paul J. „An examination of the role of social capital in the early stages of the entrepreneurial process within Dunbartonshire“. Thesis, University of the West of Scotland, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.729421.

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5

Stein, Arne Ibo, und Winkel Rein te. „Sustainability-oriented incubators: nurturing our future heroes? : A single case study research“. Thesis, Jönköping University, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-53300.

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Background: Environmental problems are a worrying phenomenon, and there is a call for action. One way to face these problems lies in sustainable entrepreneurship. There is an increase in sustainability-oriented incubators supporting these sustainable entrepreneurs on their entrepreneurial journey, using various support systems. However, there is little research available about the support systems sustainability-oriented incubators offer, the importance of these support systems, and the influence of entrepreneurial stages. Purpose: With our study, we provide sustainability-oriented incubator managers with insights into the importance of different support systems, the frequency in which they are offered and the role of different entrepreneurial stages. This allows sustainability-oriented incubators to support their tenants better and, therefore, positively influence sustainable entrepreneurship. Method: A single case study method has been applied by using a mixed-method approach of qualitative semi-structured interviews and a quantitative questionnaire which was filled in prior to the interviews by the participants. In total, nine participants were interviewed, consisting of seven incubator tenants and two incubator managers. Conclusion: This research has found a high level of importance and frequency of business model support and market research support, irrespective of the different entrepreneurial stages. This implies a constant reiteration process from sustainable entrepreneurs, demanding a strong-intervention role from the sustainability-oriented incubator. Furthermore, this research has found the shortcomings in using the effectuation model for analysing entrepreneurial stages and suggests a different application.

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Claire-Woldt, Lynnette. „Business success : entrepreneurial visions from the early stage /“. view abstract or download file of text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3181093.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2005.
Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 172-183). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.

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Rodriguez, Mancilla Carito, und Sanca Walter Alexis Mezarina. „Análisis de la estimulación de la orientación empresarial en los tipos de conocimiento durante las etapas de internacionalización de las pymes textiles de Lima Metropolitana“. Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653381.

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La presente tesis pretende analizar si la orientación empresarial estimula los diferentes tipos de conocimiento en el proceso de internacionalización, para desarrollar la investigación nos centraremos en las Pyme textiles ubicadas en Lima Metropolitana que se encuentren exportando de manera activa a mercados internacionales. El desarrollo del análisis se divide en un total de cinco capítulos, siendo de esta manera el primer capítulo centrado en el marco teórico el cual contextualiza y define los términos y teorías a emplear en la investigación. Luego, en el segundo capítulo se plantea el plan de investigación donde se detalla la problemática y el planteamiento de las hipótesis, así como también los objetivos específicos como el general. Seguidamente en el tercer capítulo, donde se desarrolla la metodología de la investigación en el cual se establecerá el tipo de investigación a seguir, siendo así de tipo mixta para la tesis presentada. Así también, se detalla el alcance, diseño de la investigación, el planteamiento de las variables a trabajar definiendo la población, el tamaño de la muestra y las herramientas metodológicas para la recolección de data. En el cuarto capítulo se enfoca en el desarrollo y análisis de los resultados de la herramienta cualitativa, la cual es la entrevista a profundidad a expertos y de la cuantitativa a través de entrevistas. Los cuales se interpretarán mediante el uso de la regresión lineal, prueba de normalidad y chi cuadrado utilizando el programa SPSS. Por último, las conclusiones y recomendaciones finales respecto a las hipótesis planteadas inicialmente.
This thesis aims to analyze whether business orientation stimulates the different types of knowledge in the internationalization process. In order to develop the research, we will focus on textile SMEs located in Metropolitan Lima that are actively exporting to international markets. The development of the analysis is divided into a total of five chapters, thus being the first chapter focused on the theoretical framework which contextualizes and defines the terms to be used in the research. Then, in the second chapter, the research plan is presented where the problems and the hypotheses are detailed, as well as the specific and general objectives. Then in the third chapter, where the research methodology is developed in which the type of research to be followed will be established, thus being a mixed type for the thesis presented. Likewise, the scope, design of the research, the approach of the variables to work defining the population, the sample size and the methodological tools for data collection are detailed. The fourth chapter focuses on the development and analysis of the results of the qualitative tool, which is the in-depth interview with experts and the quantitative one through interviews. Which will be interpreted through the use of linear regression, normality test and chi square using the SPSS program. Finally, the final conclusions and recommendations regarding the hypotheses initially raised.
Tesis

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Kim, Hyung Hoon. „The influence of entrepreneurial activities on teaching at Universities in the United States“. Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/24821.

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This study is to investigate the influence of entrepreneurial activities on teaching at universities. Specifically, the study focuses on entrepreneurial activities' effect on professors' time allocation. The dataset analyzed was constructed from the survey conducted by University of Illinois at Chicago in 1998. The sample was drawn from American academic professional associations' members of the four fields: experimental biology, physics, mathematics, and sociology. Based on the data of 133 professors, the study shows that professors with paid consulting work tend to spend less time in teaching when research activities are controlled. Insignificant are the other variables about entrepreneurial activities: patent application, industry funding, and research collaboration with industry. Also, more research time is likely to result in less teaching time. Insignificant are the other research-related variables: research funding at large and collaborative research in general. In terms of personal and institutional conditions, assistant professors tend to invest more time in teaching than senior professors, but they are likely to reduce more time on teaching than their senior counterparts for increasing research time. Finally, biology and sociology professors tend to allocate less time to teaching than physics and mathematics professors. In a word, entrepreneurial activities and research tend to conflict with teaching at the level of individual professors' time allocation.

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Hummel, Brittany Ann. „Seeing the Forests for the Tourists: Forest-Based Entrepreneurial Tourism Enterprises in the Northeast“. Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HummelBA2008.pdf.

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Eriksson, Robin, und Erik Angel. „The Pursuit of Entrepreneurial Opportunities : early-stage investment and initiation of start-ups“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Projekt, innovationer och entreprenörskap, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-177279.

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The decreasing numbers of investments in early-stage start-ups indicate that fewer start-ups might become scale-ups and later sustainable business, affecting the eco- nomical development. Early-stage investment actors such as venture capital firms (VCs), incubators and business angels select and support investment in different ways. The VC and investment research mostly regards later-stage team and idea focused strategies. The thesis investigates what characterises and what is important for the early-stage process and selection of tenants pursued, through the investment process at the VC start-up Hidden Dreams, who combines incubator support with early stage investments. Organisational documents and previous research, presented in the frame of reference, lay the foundation for the analysis of the thesis. Research about VC selection strategies, investments, incubators, and more, paves the way of modeling a market need focused strategy combined with support. HD’s past pre-transaction processes and its current portfolio companies are analysed by the frame of reference. A model depicting the early-stage investment and support process is presented as a result, together with other findings in the analysis. The depiction explains the selection and support strategy and process by nine modules, each playing a role in the journeys of the VC and start-up. Insights about how the idea, team and market need affect the outcome of choice from the process are presented. The process becomes iteratively more characterised based on historical lessons. Since early-stage investments are considered risky, a way of minimising that risk can be seen through the combination of VC, incubator and business angel functions. The team and idea play a vital role in the process, especially the entrepreneur or advisor who contribute with market knowledge in the evaluation of market need. If the market inhibits competition the opportunity needs a hook, otherwise the initia- tors need to know why there is no competition. The team and idea plays important parts in the evaluation of market need. The idea works as initiator of the scope and to define value creation capabilities, whilst the entrepreneurial team, through the potential problem-owner, give each case market anchoring through experience and knowledge.

Digital presentation

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Klapper, Rita. „The role of social capital in French entrepreneurial networks at the pre-organisation stage“. Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1259/.

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This thesis contributes to the extant literature on entrepreneurial networks and social capital through its investigation of the role of social capital in French entrepreneurial networks at the pre-organisation stage. The target of the research are former Grande Ecole graduates, Anciens, who have created their own company. This study adds to the extant literature through its three-dimensional focus on social capital: The structural dimension which investigates who are part of the entrepreneurial networks and at that stage they become influential; the relational side which explores the contributions each tie brings to the entrepreneurial venture and the cognitive dimension, which explains the values the entrepreneurs have, and how these are shared between the entrepreneur and those embedded in the network. A multi-method approach was adopted in line with the objectives of the study consisting of semi-structured interviews, participant observation and repertory grids. In particular the latter is a tool that has to date been underexploited in entrepreneurial network and social capital research. There are a number of significant contributions this research makes to the extant literature on entrepreneurial networks and social capital, one of which is the development of a phases' model for entrepreneurial network dynamics at the preorganisation stage. This study also adds to the existing knowledge by linking Bourdieu & Wacquant's (1992) definition of social capital and the concept of 'habitus' to the three dimensions of social capital. The three-dimensional investigation of social capital contributes to a unique understanding of the interrelatedness of the three dimensions of social capital. The research confirms the key role of Anciens as individuals with whom the entrepreneur shares an educational and a professional habitus, which arguably creates the basis for a 'pensee unique' that impacts the way entrepreneurs create and manage their networks at the pre-organisation stage. The work concludes outlining the implications of the findings for business support and education policies, suggesting a framework for the typical career path of a Grande Ecole entrepreneur.

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Montoya, Martinez Elizabeth. „Exploring knowledge and learning in new technology-based firms in an early-stage entrepreneurial ecosystem“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31036.

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This thesis investigates knowledge and learning in new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in an early-stage entrepreneurial ecosystem. Previous work on entrepreneurial learning suggests that experiential learning, vicarious learning and exploration are the learning types that entrepreneurs use to manage knowledge, and that this leads to the creation of entrepreneurial knowledge. While the majority of previous research involves entrepreneurial learning that is based on absorptive capacity (ACAP) to generate competitive advantage, this study examines how new venture teams (NVTs) manage new and prior knowledge when developing and commercialising software. The knowledge-based view (KBV) regards knowledge as the most important resource to allocate. This research adopts this approach in exploring how NVTs acquire, assimilate and use new knowledge. Based on a framework encompassing networks, prior knowledge and knowledge management the study explores, examines and analyses: i. Entrepreneurial networks; ii. Early-stage entrepreneurial ecosystems; iii. NVTs’ prior knowledge; and iv. Knowledge integration activities. The research adopts a qualitative approach and methodology comprising two stages. The first one captures the perceptions of multiple agents involved in the entrepreneurial networks in Colombia, from government, academia and support institutions (private and public). In the second stage eight NVTs from Medellín were asked to describe the resources and source of resources used when developing and commercialising the first innovative product while creating and establishing the NTBF; their answers were validated in a second interview using a mind map to illustrate key events and key sources of new knowledge. Analysis of the data reveals that even in early-stage entrepreneurial ecosystems, NVTs acquire knowledge from external sources, such as mentors, intermediaries and customers. This finding echoes the importance of ACAP in NTBF creation and survival. Moreover, NVTs acquire knowledge from internal sources of knowledge, such as new members, experience and formal education. In general, regardless of how related, specific and complementary the prior knowledge of the NVT is, all cases use external and internal knowledge integration activities. This study provides new insights into the nature of knowledge integration and has clarified distinctions between two key substantive capabilities in NTBFs: developing a technology and commercialising a new product. As regard to the KBV, the thesis also shows how entrepreneurial and innovative networks helped with the acquisition of new knowledge in an early-stage entrepreneurial ecosystem. This new knowledge can be market-related but also technical-related, and can also be acquired by outsourcing when the NVT’s knowledge base is not specialised in the technology that the firm offers. NVTs manage prior and new knowledge when developing and commercialising new technologies while they create and establish the NTBF, for by doing so they also focus on sales to maintain cash flow. The study suggests that members of NVTs work together, make decisions together and are both reflective and selective when choosing their sources of new knowledge in NTBFs. This study has important implications for policymakers and practitioners. While current policies and entrepreneurs recognise networks as the most important source of knowledge, findings of this research suggests that internal sources of knowledge are equally important, therefore NVTs must also develop internal knowledge integration abilities.

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Johnson, Eric. „A Case For Carpooling: How Casual Carpool Can Grow Across the United States“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/389.

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This paper presents a case for the expansion of a commuting system called casual carpool. The system is a grassroots network of carpoolers that collaborate to form rideshare for their commute to the downtown areas of San Francisco, Houston and Washington DC. Through the author’s experience with the system and personal attempts to deliver a rideshare network to the public, a framework of a greater casual carpool organization is presented.

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Jury, Brett Frances. „How black female entrepreneurs achieve high growth potential by leveraging entrepreneurial ecosystems for early-stage capital“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/80449.

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This research set out to understand the challenges facing black female entrepreneurs in South Africa in accessing early-stage capital for high growth ventures This research further sought to examine how these entrepreneurs used entrepreneurial ecosystems (EEs) to access capital against the theory of social capital as an entrepreneurial resource. The report outlined the experiences of fourteen South African black female entrepreneurs and insights of four South African fund managers into the challenges faced by these entrepreneurs. Qualitative techniques were used to reveal the entrepreneurial journey of female entrepreneurs to access early-stage capital. The study underscored the rigorous requirements of funders. Findings indicated the importance of angel investment or seed capital as a necessary pre-cursor to venture capital. The study also showed that non-financial support played an essential role in early-stage entrepreneurship. The research found that women entrepreneurs experienced gender bias because of gender stereotypes. The study did indicate however, that cultural expectations and the traditional role of women, were inhibiting factors. Results showed that entrepreneurs relied extensively on social networks to access resources. Results further demonstrated that black women face challenges in accessing certain networks which prejudices their ability to raise capital. The study showed that background, education, and work experience were significant contributing factors to entrepreneurial success. Finally, research indicated mixed views on the effectiveness of South African government support. The research contributes to the theory of entrepreneurial ecosystems by enriching the understanding of the interactions between different components of the EE and demonstrating the impact of social capital on black female entrepreneurs in an emerging market/developing country context. This report contains recommendations for policy makers and the designers of SME development programmes.
Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2020.
pt2021
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MPhil
Unrestricted

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Rees, Alan Norman, und n/a. „Strategic alliance as an entrepreneurial stimulus for learning in mature stage organizations : a case study of financial services organizations entering into cross industry agreement strategic alliances“. Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20070424.180436.

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Sustained success for an organization is based upon its ability to constantly realign with opportunities that emerge within their markets. Thus, organizations must continually evolve as markets evolve. This thesis examined how mature stage organizations within the financial services industry can adopt entrepreneurial approaches to learn, evolve and improve their competitiveness. Despite the rate of technological change, globalization, and convergence of industries that has occurred in the last decade, there is no clear model to support the adoption of entrepreneurial activities within mature stage organizations. Adopting an exploratory qualitative case study approach, the researcher interviewed informants with experience in the financial services industry in Australia, Europe, North and South Asia, and the United States of America to explore the research question: How do mature stage organizations integrate strategic alliances as an entrepreneurial approach and capitalize on learning in response to evolving markets? Interviewing key informants within the financial services industry, the study confirmed a range of means of conceptualizing, introducing, and managing new business initiatives through strategic alliances. These findings were synthesized into a hypothetical organization in which, it became evident, the more entrepreneurial and innovative the organization became, the more capable it was of sourcing and responding to new opportunities within existing and related markets. The study confirmed the need in strategic alliances for shared vision, strong leadership, effective communication of the organization's direction and strategy, a culture that embraces flexibility, business competence, a commitment to respect and manage differences between organizations, an ability to work collaboratively, and a willingness to upgrade or replace business processes and technologies to support innovation. The study sought to provide an understanding of how entrepreneurial approaches can remain fluid rather than become static, and how they can be preserved within mature organizations. The importance of leadership, commonality of vision, collaboration, communication, integration of business structures and processes, and willingness to learn from each other began to emerge as central issues from the initial interviews. Consequently, a second research question was added: How do partnering organizations operating in the mature stage of a corporate life cycle within the construct of a cross industry agreement strategic alliance adopt an entrepreneurial approach and mutually learn to recast the direction of their relationship? The study confirmed that organizations should develop and support a culture that embraces learning, flexibility and change. Entrepreneurial organizations require vision, leadership, business structures, processes, and competencies to support innovation. This research adds to the field by establishing that innovation is embedded in the ability of partnering organizations to learn continuously and collaboratively. In doing so, they become more capable of realigning with changing markets and creating and capitalizing on new markets. The research concludes that less hierarchical organizational structures within partnering organizations support strategic alliances and promote the ability of organizations to learn how to cooperate, collaborate, and grow individually and mutually together.

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Suppan, Susanne. „Entrepreneurial spirit versus bureaucratic control : differences and tendencies of convergence between the American and German systems of corporate governance“. Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=78230.

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The question of how to best organize the governance structure of corporations in order to reconcile the various interests involved in a corporation has a long history. Legal and economic scholars from around the world have debated the issue since 1937, the year economists Adolf A. Berle and Gardener C. Means identified the agency cost problem inherent in the structure of the modern corporation (i.e. the separation of control from ownership rights).
Nowadays this debate has gained an added dimension. The consequences of the increasing globalization of economies raise the question as to whether this will also lead to the harmonization of national systems of corporate governance.
More particularly, this thesis analyses the possibility and consequently the direction of convergence between the German and the American system of corporate governance, despite significant differences in their structure, mechanisms and more generally, in the micro and macroeconomic environment.

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Culkin, Nigel. „Can a high-tech breakthrough approach deliver novel supply and demand solutions? : a study of digital cinema rollout“. Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/19052.

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Digitalization is the process of making digital everything that can be digitised to change a business model and provide new revenue and value-producing opportunities. However, difficulties exist in evaluating the value created by digital technology investments in organisations, industry structures, economies and society, at large. My dissertation illustrates how the distinct characteristics of digital technologies are implicit in an evolution from stable to fragile product innovation; while highlighting the need for a dynamic approach to entrepreneurial innovation within national innovation systems. The foundations for my work are bound up in the digitalization of value networks, and the context for this research is digital cinema - a process that began in 2000. Digital cinema offered a new value proposition to distributors and significant cost reductions for the US studios. With a reliance on a highly developed value chain to protect intellectual property, these studios sought to learn from the disruption digitalization caused to the music industry, by cultivating digital technology as an, incremental innovation, in replacing celluloid with bytes to project content to cinema audiences. Global digital cinema penetration in 2014 stood at 90 per cent of the total screen footprint. The dissertation assesses features of this digital rollout that have been under-explored; including the role digital technology has assumed in process and product innovation; and, the behavioural responses of both incumbents and new entrants during the diffusion and adoption phase. My dissertation is supported by eight published papers, which highlight the need for domestic policymakers to focus their attention on emerging entrepreneurial innovations; the utilisation of current knowledge and strategies for novel solutions in order to strengthen their respective national innovation systems. Taken together they help explain the creation, diffusion and adoption of digital cinema, explore the new content creation opportunities they support, and explain how three nations in particular have sought to innovate and reorientate themselves in relation to these novel phenomena. The wider implications of the findings of the project build on the innovation literature in examining the diffusion, adoption and knowledge acquisition during the rollout of digital cinema technology. These findings suggest a radically different reading of both disruptive innovations and national innovation systems than has been offered in previous accounts, viewing the digital cinema rollout as a case study of an increasingly mobile sector, in which technological factors retreat in importance behind entrepreneurial innovation as a key driving force in reaching audiences. Finally, in exploring the phenomenon of the digitalization of value networks I have made a significant contribution to knowledge in the design of an innovative mixed method; specifically in the area of field research - a qualitative data collection method designed for considering, observing, and interacting with individuals in their natural environments. Over time, I have established that digital cinema was capable of delivering novel supply and demand solutions - starting with a few unrelated scraps of data, through the establishment of personal networks with communities of practice (in the UK, US & Norway) to building rich, and complex quantitative data sets capable of measuring the entire diffusion and adoption phase of the digital cinema rollout, right across Europe.

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Nnabue, Tony. „Success Strategies Among Immigrant Small Business Owners in the Southeastern United States“. ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2566.

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Although considerable concern exists regarding immigrant businesses, few studies address immigrant small business owners' strategies for success and sustainability. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the strategies that immigrant small business owners in metro Atlanta, Georgia can use to sustain their business beyond 5 years. Cultural theory formed the conceptual framework for this study. A purposeful sample of 20 immigrant small business owners in metro Atlanta provided the data garnered from semistructured interviews for this research study. Using open coding, and modified van Kaam analysis of the interview data, 5 themes emerged for immigrant small businesses that were successful and survived beyond 5 years: strong work ethic and family dynamics, flexibility and independence, limited societal barriers, business experience, persistence and great customer service. Two themes emerged among immigrant small business owners whose businesses failed, which were, inadequate financial posture, and poor business and managerial knowledge. The findings of this study may contribute to social change as the strategies presented could guide new immigrants in establishing successful and sustainable immigrant small businesses. Results from this study could help educate small business owners about some of the causes of business failures.

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Somado, Hemazro Folly. „Exploring Critical Success Factors for Sustainable Togolese-Owned Small businesses in the United States“. ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2764.

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In the United States, although foreign-born individuals are more than twice as likely to start new ventures, immigrant-owned businesses often fail within the first 5 years. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the strategies that U.S.-based Togolese small business owners who were engaged in entrepreneurial activities in Togo. The Schumpeterian entrepreneurship theory underpinned the study and served as a theoretical reference. Interview data were collected from 20 successful Togolese small business owners who resided in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area, who were engaged in entrepreneurial activities in Togo, and who had been in business for more than 5 years. Data analysis involved using coding techniques and word clustering, with the invocation of qualitative data analytical software. The use of methodological triangulation enabled deeper analysis and added to the rigor of the study. The 4 key themes emerging from the coding and thematic analysis of interviews included (a) entrepreneurial motivation and attributes, (b) overcoming financial hardship, (c) leveraging information technologies, and (d) addressing challenges in the dual business environment. The findings of the study may advance contribution to positive social change as immigrant business owners may use the knowledge to improve business success, which could lead to the creation of jobs and improvement in the standard of living of U.S.-based Togolese entrepreneurs. The discoveries from the research may also contribute to positive social change for local communities in Togo, as the diaspora flow of investments and remittances from the United States may increase.

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Campbell, Betsy. „Entrepreneurship as a conversational accomplishment : an inductive analysis of the verbal sensemaking behaviors of early-stage innovative entrepreneurial teams“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15931.

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Within the stream of research on entrepreneurial opportunity there is a school of thought that affords entrepreneurs an agentic role in the creation of opportunities – with opportunities understood as a combination of both product and market innovation. Recently scholars working from this Creative Model have associated the opportunity shaping work of entrepreneurs with sensemaking – a social process in which teams gather information, ascribe meaning, and take action in the face of the uncertainties, which some have said define the context of entrepreneurship. Few, if any, scholars have studied the naturally occurring conversations between entrepreneurial team members as they discuss the information, meaning, and action relevant to their innovation efforts. This dissertation makes a contribution to current understanding of entrepreneurship by capturing the naturally occurring conversations of innovative entrepreneurial teams in action, analyzing these recorded conversations for use of sensemaking language, and comparing the language patterns between teams that achieve different levels of performance.

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Lizunova, Elena. „Three essays on entrepreneurship : New insights using large-scale econometric evidence“. Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHEC0001.

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Le coeur de ma thèse est consacré à l'examen des stratégies et processus entrepreneuriaux des petites entreprises dans le contexte de la France. Bien que nous ayons accumulé des connaissances abondantes sur des concepts tels que l'entrée entrepreneuriale et la performance d'entreprise, les processus entrepreneuriaux sont encore une boîte noire. J'ai apporté un éclairage supplémentaire sur cette étape entrepreneuriale intermédiaire à partir des données du recensement français. Dans le premier chapitre, j’observe comment l'assurance-chômage permet l'expérimentation qui a ensuite des implications sur les résultats des entreprises. Dans le deuxième chapitre, j'examine comment deux types de motivations fondatrices soutiennent l'effort entrepreneurial en période d'adversité. Dans le dernier chapitre, je regarde comment les femmes construisent leurs entreprises dans des industries à prédominance masculine. L'objectif général de ma thèse est de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de la manière dont les entrepreneurs exploitent les opportunités et de la manière dont ce processus façonne les résultats des entreprises
The core of my dissertation is devoted to examining entrepreneurial strategies and processes of small ventures in the context of France. While we have accumulated abundant knowledge concerning such concepts as entrepreneurial entry and venture performance, entrepreneurial processes are still a black box. I shed additional light on this intermediary entrepreneurial stage using French census data. In the first chapter, I look at how unemployment insurance enables experimentation which then has implications for venture outcomes. In the second chapter, I examine how two types of founder motivations sustain entrepreneurial effort in times of adversity. In the last chapter, I look at how women build their ventures in male-dominated industries. The overall objective of my dissertation is to contribute to a better understanding of how entrepreneurs go about exploiting opportunities and how this process shapes venture outcomes

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Khoza, Dumisani. „The role of push and pull motivation factors on total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (TEA) in the Built Environment sector“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64860.

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The study investigates the prevalence of Push motivation factors and Pull motivation factors on Total Early-Stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) in the Built Environment sector. The study also seeks to establish if AjzenÕs Theory of Planned Behaviour is a suitable model for predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions (EI) within the Built Environment sector as well as measures Entrepreneurial Intentions amongst the respondents. The research design employed for this study was quantitative, exploratory and deductive. Structured and validated questionnaires were created and distributed from the survey monkey e-platform, to entrepreneurs providing professional services within the Built Environment sector. The study targeted a total of 130 responses. Feedback was received from a total of 80 respondents, with a total of 63 usable responses. Existing research argues that push motivation factors are significant drivers of TEA in developing countries. The study has determined the following in regard to the Built Environment sector. AjzenÕs Theory of Planned Behaviour (TBP) can be utilised to predict Entrepreneurial Intention (EI); Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) can be considered a precursor for choosing selfemployment for Built Environment professionals; and Pull motivation factors, measured in the form of job-satisfaction, are more prevalent than Push motivation factors, measured in the form of pre-entrepreneurial jobdissatisfaction. Outcomes from this study are fundamental in addressing the challenge of limited TEA within the professional services sector. The limitations of the study presented in section 7.4, in particular, not being able to generalize the findings into the greater population, present an opportunity for future research. This study presents an opportunity to reconstitute the research to focus on Entrepreneurial Intention (EI) and its antecedents.
Mini Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2017.
za2018
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted

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Matlala, Tebatso Matlaweng. „The role of social capital, social networks and incubation in launching and growing a new venture“. Diss., University of Pretoria, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/22761.

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The challenges faced by early-stage entrepreneurs are well researched, however, the role played by an entrepreneur’s social capital, social network and incubation in moving the business along the entrepreneurial process, still needs to be better understood. The objective of this study was to show that with successful networking and the use of social capital, the total early-stage entrepreneurial activity rate of South Africa could be increased.A qualitative research design was employed whereby 12 in-depth interviews were conducted. Three themes emerged from the data analyses that are the utilisation of social capital, social networks and incubators in firstly launching and growing ventures.The key findings were, firstly, that incubation should form part of an early stage entrepreneur’s social capital. Secondly, those entrepreneurs benefited from their social capital and incubator in terms of tangible and intangible resources. Finally, the entrepreneurs persevered as a result of the advice, encouragement and validation that they got from their networks.
Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
unrestricted

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Adolfsson, Johan. „Venture Capitalists on the Seed Stage Arena : A Fit or Misfit“. Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1877.

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Background: Growth oriented entrepreneurial businesses need funding for the development of their idea, technology, product etc. However, for the businesses in the very earliest stages of development, access to funding is very limited. Growing young ventures are important job creators and positively affect growth in an economy. Bridging the gap of funding to these companies is therefore on the agenda of governments around the world.

Purpose: To describe the situation facing seed stage investing venture capitalists. I will emphasize difficulties and evaluate venture capitalists ability in addressing them. Effects of the difficulties in form of access to financing for entrepreneurs and a possible need for government intervention will be examined.

Method: Empirical information from seed stage investing venture capital organizations have been collected in the form of face-to-face interviews, email- questionnaires and a telephone interview. Organizations from Sweden, Denmark and Germany are included in the study.

Result: Several factors make seed stage investing unattractive compared to later stages. Important difficulties are higher risks, high costs for fund management, goal incongruence in the investor – venture capitalist relation and lack of bargaining power for seed venture capitalists. Environmental factorsthat have an impact on seed investing are the deal flow, the investment climate and access to soft funding. Seed stage investing is a very challenging business and the difficulties are to a large extent hard to overcome. The investors more likely have to accept them and I conclude that long term profitability of seed funds is unlikely, at least in absence of government support in form of soft funding towards the entrepreneurial businesses.

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Dlouhý, Ondřej. „Vyhodnocování podnikatelského potenciálu států“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234805.

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Thesis aims to find suitable method for the evaluation of entrepreneurial potential of states. Next phase is to create and implement evaluational model using that method. Output of thesis should be model implemented in two software environments - Microsoft Excel and MathWorks MATLAB.

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Magat, Rosabella M. „Effects of Early Round Venture Capital Syndication on IPO Exits in Europe and the United States“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/344.

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While the importance of venture capital (VC) can be highlighted by policy goals outlined in the 'Lisbon agenda', the European VC industry remains nascent in comparison to the more sophisticated VC market in the US. Researchers have identified key determinants that foster VC success on a broad level, and have often identified syndication as an important factor of success. This paper seeks to understand the role of syndication on the VC-backed company's success. I take a novel departure from past research in this area in three ways 1) I measure performance from the perspective of the portfolio company, rather than the VC firm which invests in the company 2) I isolate syndication in the first financing round and 3) I utilize a logistical model as well as a simultaneous equation model for which I introduce an instrumental variable. I gather VC data for both Europe and the US from the VentureXpert database to test various hypotheses regarding syndication. The results are significant and provide evidence to support that syndication in the first financing round is associated with greater success in achieving IPO exit in both regions. This should encourage VC firms, VC-backed companies, and policymakers to increase the practice of VC syndication in early financing rounds, thereby providing access to greater long-term growth opportunities. This paper adds to the existing, but limited, literature base on cross-region venture capital syndication.

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Rees, Alan Norman. „Strategic alliance as an entrepreneurial stimulus for learning in mature stage organizations a case study of financial services organizations entering into cross industry agreement strategic alliances /“. Australasian Digital Thesis Program, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20070424.180436/index.html.

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Thesis (DBA) -- Swinburne University of Technology, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, 2005.
Dissertation submitted to the Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctorate of Business Administration, Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. Typescript. "August 2005". Bibliography: p. 250-266.

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Abrantes, Miguel João Alves. „Relação entre os componentes de liberdade económica e a actividade empreendedora de orientação internacional dos países“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/12406.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
O empreendedorismo é reconhecido como um processo dinâmico e complexo, que resulta da combinação de um conjunto de fatores. Vários estudos sugerem que a Liberdade Económica (LE) representa um dos fatores que explicam os níveis de Atividade Empreendedora (AE) dos diferentes países. Assim sendo, o objetivo do presente trabalho passa por avaliar em que medida a LE afeta ou estimula a AE nacional e internacional de cada país. Tendo como referência o Index of Economic Freedom (IEF), que mede o grau de LE presente em cada país do mundo, com base em 10 componentes, e utilizando os dados relacionados com o indicador Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA), do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), neste estudo foi identificada uma relação significativa entre alguns dos componentes de LE e a AE. Países caracterizados por: elevada LE (no global), Liberdade Financeira, com elevados Gastos do Governo e fracas Liberdade Fiscal, Empresarial e de Comércio favorecem o aumento da AE. Outro dos objetivos passa por perceber se esta relação se mantém, quando a motivação para empreender é internacional (International Orientation early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity). Os resultados demonstram que os países que impulsionam a AE de orientação internacional são caracterizados por uma forte proteção dos Direitos de Propriedade, Gastos do Governo baixos e uma elevada Liberdade Empresarial, do Comércio, e do Investimento.
Entrepreneurship is recognized as a dynamic and complex process that is influenced by several factors. Many studies suggest that Economic Freedom (EF) represents one of the factors that explain the Entrepreneurial Activity levels (EA) of different countries. So, the purpose of this study is to assess in what dimension the EF affects or stimulates national and international EA of each country. Based on the Index of Economic Freedom (IEF), which measures the degree of EF in the world?s nations through 10 components, and using the data related to the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), it was identified in this study a meaningful relationship between some of the EF components and EA. Countries characterized by: high EF (in general), Financial Freedom, with high Government Spending and a weak Fiscal Freedom, Business Freedom and Trade Freedom enhance the growth of EA. This study also aims to realize if this meaningful relationship is confirmed when entrepreneurship motivation is internationally oriented (International Orientation early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity). The results show that countries that increase the International Orientation EA are characterized by a high protection of Property Rights, low Government Spending and high Business Freedom, Trade Freedom, and Investment Freedom.

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Brooks, Ames Sophie. „The Impact of Wildlife Conservation Nonprofits: An Examination of Environmentalism and Organizational Culture in the United States and Ecuador“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/251.

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This thesis examines the social impact of wildlife conservation nonprofits (WCNs) in the United States and Ecuador. Cultural developments of environmentalism provide the social context for WCNs, informing trends in participation and conflict. WCNs rely on public support and engagement to advance their mission, which requires an image of legitimacy and healthy organizational culture. This thesis argues the relationship between WCNs and the public impacts their organizational sustainability and their success as a conservation institution.

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Sousa, Maria Margarida Pinto de Amaral Farias de. „Determinantes do empreendedorismo e evolução em período de crise : o caso de Portugal“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/20837.

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Mestrado em Gestão e Estratégia Industrial
Ao longo dos últimos anos tem havido um interesse crescente sobre o empreendedorismo e a sua relação com o crescimento económico dos países. Por isso mesmo, existe um número cada vez maior de estudos referentes aos fatores influenciadores da TEA, seja a nível regional, nacional ou supranacional. No entanto, estes fatores podem variar de país para país. O objetivo deste estudo é assim determinar quais os fatores influenciadores do empreendedorismo em Portugal, para o ano de 2016, analisando também a sua estabilidade temporal durante o período de passagem e subsequente recuperação de uma crise económica (2010-2016). Para tal foram utilizados dados do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor e foram efetuadas diversas regressões logísticas binárias. Os resultados desta análise permitiram concluir que o empreendedorismo em fase inicial é maioritariamente influenciado por cinco fatores: a idade, as oportunidades percebidas, o conhecimento, capacidade e experiências empreendedoras, o medo de falhar e o conhecimento de outro empreendedor. Enquanto que a idade e o medo de falhar tem impacto negativo na TEA, as restantes variáveis têm um impacto positivo. Concluiu-se ainda que os fatores influenciadores variam ao longo do tempo, sendo sensíveis ao enquadramento económico do país.
Over the last few years, there's been a growing interest over entrepreneurship and its relationship with countries' economic growth. Therefore, there is an increasing number of studies regarding the factors that influence TEA, being at a regional, national or supranational level. However, these factors might change from country to country. The goal of this study is to determine which factors influence the entrepreneurship activity in Portugal, for the year 2016, while analyzing their temporal stability over an economic crises and subsequent recovery (2010-2016). To do so, Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's data has been used and several logistic binary regressions have been executed. This analysis' results showed that early-stage entrepreneurial activity is mainly influenced by five factors: age, perceived opportunities, entrepreneurial knowledge, skill and experience, fear of failure and knowing other entrepreneurs. While age and fear of failure have a negative impact on TEA, the other variables show a positive impact. It was also possible to determine that influencing factors vary over the time, being sensible to the economic background of the country.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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Bell, Robin Stuart. „A study into the direct export stage of the internationalization of manufacturing small to medium sized enterprises from China : the influence of experiential knowledge and entrepreneurial input on the perception of barriers to export“. Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2012. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/1221/.

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The Uppsala Process Theory of Internationalization (PTI) and the International New Venture Theory of Internationalization (INV) are two of the most influential and well researched behavioural theories of internationalization to have emerged from the internationalization literature stream. They offer alternative descriptions of the path that enterprises take to internationalization and have both led to streams of literature focusing on different aspects of the internationalization process. Both models explain how an enterprise moves from an initial ‘low’ domestic starting point and progresses to become an international enterprise. The two models both explain the behaviours and attributes that are necessary in order to successfully develop along their respective predicted international trajectories. These behaviours and attributes highlighted within each model are said to be highly influential in helping to overcome and/or mitigate the barriers on the predicted trajectory to internationalization. However, the impact that these behaviours/attributes have on the perception of barriers to export has rarely been tested directly. This research is designed to investigate the relationship between experiential knowledge (a fundamental concept within the PTI model) and entrepreneurial input (a fundamental concept within the INV theory), on the perception of a range of selected barriers to manufacturing export, from the Chinese province of Ningxia. This research developed a conceptual framework and testable models based on experiential knowledge and entrepreneurial input. It then identified a selection of barriers to manufacturing export from the Chinese province of Ningxia. These were selected from the export barrier literature stream. This research took a positivist view and quantitative data was obtained from the use of structured self-administered questionnaires administered through judgement sampling techniques at business seminars and consultancy sessions. A total of ninety-eight valid responses were used for quantitative analysis. Correlation and regression techniques were used to analyse the data and new combined models from the experiential knowledge and entrepreneurial input model variables were developed using Stepwise Regression. The study found, in the majority of cases, that as the individual experiential knowledge and entrepreneurial input model variables increased, the perception of difficulty of the individual selected barriers to export decreased. The experiential knowledge model could best explain the reduction in the perception of twelve of the barriers to export, whereas the entrepreneurial input model could best explain the reduction in the perception of six different barriers. Of the eighteen selected barriers to export, the constructed combined models better explained the reduction in the perception of the individual barriers to export in thirteen cases. Other findings of this research include; the ‘export intensity’ variable best explained the reduction in the perception of nine of the eighteen barriers to export; the ‘attitude to risk’ variable best explained the reduction in the perception of four barriers; the ‘years of international involvement’ best explained the reduction in the perception of two barriers, and finally the ‘level of education of the decision maker’ variable best explained the reduction in the perception of two barriers, which included the ‘identification of new markets’ and ‘overcoming unfamiliar documents and procedures’ barriers. The research ends with a discussion of SME development policy in the light of the research findings.

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Almeida, Cátia Filipa Roque de. „Relação entre as dimensões culturais e a atividade empreendedora dos Países : evidência dos dados do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM)“. Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/8053.

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Mestrado em Ciências Empresariais
Devido à elevada complexidade reconhecida no processo de criação e desenvolvimento de um negócio empreendedor, são já muitos os estudos que procuram responder à grande questão: o que potencia ou estimula verdadeiramente a ação empreendedora? Sabendo que os comportamentos adotados pelo indivíduo são influenciados ou condicionados pela Cultura Nacional do seu país, seria de antecipar que esta poderá representar um significativo preditor da Atividade Empreendedora (AE). Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar e aferir em que medida ou em que condições a Cultura Nacional influencia os níveis de AE de cada país. Tendo como base o trabalho científico Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE) que caracteriza as sociedades tendo em conta 9 Dimensões Culturais, e utilizando os dados relativos à Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), confirmou-se neste estudo uma relação significativa entre a Cultura Nacional e a AE. Culturas caracterizadas por: elevada Uncertainty Avoidance (Aversão à Incerteza) e Power Distance (Distância ao Poder), fraco In-group Collectivism (Coletivismo de Grupo) e elevada Performance Orientation (Orientação para a Desempenho) e Humane Orientation (Orientação Humana), potenciam o crescimento da AE. Pretendeu-se também analisar se esta relação significativa se verifica quando a motivação para empreender é justificada pela Necessidade (Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurial Activity). Neste caso, os resultados demonstram que a relação entre as Dimensões Culturais são ainda mais significativas, agregando a relação significativa com mais duas dimensões, elevada Institutional Collectivism (Coletivismo Institucional) e fraca Future Orientation (Orientação para o Futuro).
Due to the high recognized complexity in the process of creation and development of an entrepreneurial business, there are many studies seeking to answer the big question: what truly potentiates or stimulates the entrepreneurial action' Knowing that the behaviors adopted by the individual are influenced or conditioned by its country National Culture, it would be predictable that it can represent a significant predictor of the Entrepreneurial Activity (EA). So, the purpose of this study was to analyze and check in what dimension or in what conditions, the National Culture influences the levels of EA from each country. Based on the scientific work Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness (GLOBE), which characterizes societies base on 9 Cultural Dimensions, and using the data related to the Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) of Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), it was confirmed on this study a meaningful relationship between the National Culture and the EA. Cultures characterized by: high Uncertainty Avoidance and Power Distance, weak In-group Collectivism and high Performance Orientation and Humane Orientation, enhance the growth of EA. It was also intended to analyze if this meaningful relationship was confirmed, when the entrepreneurship motivation is justified by the Need (Necessity-Driven Entrepreneurial Activity). In this case, the results show that the relationship between the Cultural Dimensions are even more significant, adding a meaningful relationship with two more cultural dimensions, high Institutional Collectivism and weak Future Orientation.

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Weixel, Anthea J. „Womentrepreneurship after the Great Recession: An Empirical Analysis of Female Entrepreneurship Rates in Europe“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/968.

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Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the World Bank, I examine the effect of the Great Recession on total early-stage entrepreneurship rates in nineteen European countries relative to the United States, as well as on male and female entrepreneurship independently. I find that the Great Recession has led to increased entrepreneurship rates overall and that there is little variation across European countries relative to the United States. Further, I find that female entrepreneurship rates increased more than male entrepreneurship rates following the Great Recession. This suggests that women have not only experienced greater job recovery overall after the recession, but that they have also turned more towards self-employment relative to their male counterparts.

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Smith, Peter George. „Competitive Strategies of Minority-Owned Small Businesses“. ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6499.

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Leaders of minority-owned businesses earn less revenue on average than their nonminority counterparts, even when both sets of leaders operate in the same industries. Among the factors leading to this earnings discrepancy is the lack of access that leaders of minority-owned businesses have to high-revenue opportunities. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that some leaders of minority-owned small businesses use to compete for contracts in high-revenue industries. The study population comprised 3 owners of minority-owned small marketing consultancy firms headquartered in the Southeastern United States. Teece and Pisano’s dynamic capabilities view served as the conceptual framework for this study. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and the review of company documents. The data analysis process included member checking to ensure credibility of the interpretation of the information gathered during the interviews, and methodological triangulation of the data sources to establish data validity. Four themes emerged from the analysis: positioning and targeting, capabilities and competencies, pricing and returns, and relevancy and longevity. The themes are critical success factors for competing for contracts in high-revenue industries and may be beneficial to the leaders of minority-owned small businesses in seeking contracts in similar or parallel industries. Leaders who apply the study findings may earn incremental revenues to effect positive social change through additional job creation and community development activities, benefiting local economies and residents.

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Kube, Sven. „Born in the U.S.A. / Made in the G.D.R.: Anglo-American Popular Music and the Westernization of a Communist Record Market“. FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3656.

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Scholars from various disciplines have demonstrated that popular culture factored significantly in Cold War contestation. As a pervasive form of cultural content and unifying medium for baby boomers worldwide, pop music played an important part in the power struggle between the era’s two adversarial camps. Historical studies of the past thirty years have identified initiatives of cultural diplomacy, from radio broadcasting to live concert tours, as key to disseminating Western music in Eastern Bloc societies. This project explains how cultural commerce across the divide of the Iron Curtain familiarized millions of music fans in the German Democratic Republic (GDR) with popular sounds from the United States, the United Kingdom, and other Western democracies. Detailing a process that affected all Bloc states in similar ways, it seeks to enrich the scholarly discourse on the role of pop culture in the twentieth century’s defining ideological conflict. Through analysis of previously unavailable or inaccessible sources, the dissertation reconstructs the economic development of a communist culture industry and measures the commercial significance of Western commodities in one Eastern Bloc marketplace. Drawing on untapped archival files, it traces the evolution of Deutsche Schallplatten (German Records) from a small private firm into a flagship enterprise on the GDR’s cultural circuit. It illuminates how dependency on technology and resources from capitalist countries prompted East Germany’s managers to prioritize the westward export of classical recordings for the purpose of earning hard currencies. Based on oral histories of contemporary witnesses, it documents how the Amiga label through the parent company’s business ties to capitalist partners advanced the import of Western jazz, blues, rock, pop, and dance music to exhaust the purchasing power of the home audience. Empirically evaluating formerly classified production data for a total of 143 million records, it reveals how the state-owned monopolist engineered a de facto takeover of the domestic marketplace by American, British, and West German performers to achieve high profitability. The dissertation argues that intensifying Westernization of its walled-in music market exemplified the GDR’s decision to concede the Cold War battle over cultural preferences and political loyalties of its citizens out of economic necessity.

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Guedes, Filipe Machado. „A atuação do Estado na economia como acionista minoritário: possibilidades e limites“. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7901.

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A presente dissertação é sobre a atuação do Estado na economia como acionista minoritário, focando, em especial, no caso do Brasil. Em um primeiro momento, tratamos das possibilidades do uso das participações minoritárias, apontando que, embora estejamos falando de propriedade pública sobre parcelas do capital social de empresas privadas, essas participações não configuram, somente, forma de exploração direta da atividade econômica, devendo ser compreendidas como uma técnica jurídica ou uma ferramenta da qual o Estado pode se valer para realizar as diferentes modalidades de atuação na economia. Nesse sentido, mostramos como as participações minoritárias possibilitam a atuação do Estado como empresário, regulador, fomentador e investidor. Em seguida, falamos dos mecanismos societários que a Administração Pública pode utilizar para que, mesmo como acionista minoritária, possa influenciar a direção das empresas público-privadas, tais como os acordos de acionistas e as golden-shares. Após cuidarmos da natureza jurídica e das vantagens comparativas da atuação estatal na economia por meio de participações minoritárias, passamos a analisar os limites dessa atuação. Desse modo, deve-se distinguir entre o uso das participações públicas como opção legítima de atuação na economia versus sua aplicação como burla ao regime jurídico aplicável às empresas estatais mediante o controle societário disfarçado e a simulação de contratações administrativas. Por fim, tratamos da questão da escolha de parceiros privados pela Administração Pública, bem como dos controles públicos que incidem sobre as empresas participadas.
This dissertation is about the state action in the economy as a minority shareholder especially focusing on the Brazilian case. At first, we discuss the possibilities of the use of minority equity stakes pointing out that, although we are talking about public ownership of shares of private companies, this equity participations do not constitute only a means of direct exploration of an economic activity, instead they should be considered as a legal technique or a tool which the state can rely on to accomplish the different modalities of economic action. This way, we show how the minority positions enable the state to act as an entrepreneur, a regulator, a promoter of private action and an investor. Then we talk about the corporate mechanisms that the Public Administration can use to, even as a minority shareholder, influence the direction of public-private companies, such as shareholders agreements and golden-shares. After dealing with the legal nature and the comparative advantages of the state economic action as a minority shareholder, we proceed to examine the limits of such action. Thus, we must distinguish between the use of minority equity as a legitimate option of state action in the economy versus its application as a way to elude the legal framework applicable to the state-owned enterprises by the disguised corporate control of private companies and the simulation of administrative procurement. At last, we deal with the issue of the choice of private partners by the Public Administration, as well as the public controls which apply to the invested companies.

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Sibo, Ingrid Paola Hernandez. „Economic and Socio-Cultural Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Activity Among Different Stages of Economic Development“. Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26781565741439316056.

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碩士
國立高雄大學
國際企業管理碩士學位學程
105
This paper examines whether Socio-Cultural and Economic factors affect Entrepreneurial Activity and its effects among different stages of economic development by leveraging on an institutional theory and using Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-SEM) with 30 observations for the Factor-Driven economies, 45 observations for Efficiency-Driven economies, and 60 observations for Innovation-Driven Economies over a five-year period for each country. Base on the analysis, the influence of Economic Factors and Socio-Cultural Factors on Entrepreneurial Activity varies for each stage of economic development. This study shows that in Factor-Driven Economies the Economic Factors play an important role in encouraging the individuals to pursue an Entrepreneurial Activity. Likewise, in Efficiency-Driven and Innovation-Driven Economies, individuals tend to engage in an Entrepreneurial Activity owing to the Socio-Cultural Factors.

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Santos, Susana Helena Correia. „Early stages in the entrepreneurship nexus: Business opportunities and individual characteristics“. Doctoral thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/6990.

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This thesis focuses on the individual-opportunity nexus in the early stages of the entrepreneurship process, and includes five empirical studies. The aim of Study 1 was to contribute to the explanation of cognitive maps during the early stages of entrepreneurship. Results suggest that individuals with greater entrepreneurial experience have richer, clearer and simpler cognitive maps. Study 2 sought to obtain evidence concerning the basic dimensions included in cognitive prototypes pertaining to opportunity recognition and decision to launch a new venture. For the “business opportunity” prototype these are utility and distinctiveness while for the decision to launch a new venture, the basic dimensions are feasibility and motivational aspects. The two studies mentioned above focused on the opportunity side of the nexus. For the individual side of the nexus, we focused on the entrepreneurial potential construct applied in different contexts. With Study 3, we put forward a theoretical model for the entrepreneurial potential construct. Through six research steps, this study presented the development of the Entrepreneurial Potential Assessment Inventory, which can be used to measure the entrepreneurial potential construct. Study 4 aimed to analyse the predictive capacity of entrepreneurial potential profiling among entrepreneurial team members. Our results showed that, in a venture competition context, the teams with higher results in socio-psychological aspects became finalists. Study 5 presented a methodology for the selection of potential entrepreneurs for an entrepreneurship promotion program. The main results showed that individual and business opportunity characteristics are critical dimensions. Based on these empirical studies, this thesis also describes valuable tools that can contribute towards fostering entrepreneurship in Portugal.
Esta tese focaliza-se no nexus indivíduo-oportunidade durante as fases iniciais do processo empreendedor e apresenta cinco estudos empíricos. O estudo 1 contribui para compreender a evolução dos mapas cognitivos nas fases iniciais do processo empreendedor. Os resultados mostram que os indivíduos com uma maior experiência empreendedora apresentam estruturas cognitivas mais ricas, claras e simples. O estudo 2 desenvolve um modelo bi-dimensional do processo de reconhecimento de oportunidades e da consequente decisão de lançar o negócio. Os resultados sugerem que o protótipo de oportunidade de negócio inclui duas dimensões: utilidade e distintividade. Por sua vez, o protótipo da decisão para fundar o negócio inclui os aspetos relacionados com a fiabilidade e com a motivação para lançar o negócio. O estudo 3 apresenta o modelo teórico do potencial empreendedor, e o desenvolvimento do Inventário de Avaliação do Potencial Empreendedor. O estudo 4 analisa a capacidade preditiva do potencial empreendedor entre equipas empreendedoras. Os resultados sugerem que, no contexto de um concurso de empreendedorismo, as equipas com resultados mais elevados nas dimensões psicossociais do potencial empreendedor foram selecionadas como vencedoras. O estudo 5 apresenta uma metodologia para a seleção de empreendedores num programa de promoção do empreendedorismo, e os resultados mostram que algumas das dimensões do potencial empreendedor e as características da oportunidade de negócio são críticas para a seleção. Com base nestas evidências empíricas, esta tese apresenta instrumentos com aplicação prática que podem vir a contribuir para o desenvolvimento do empreendedorismo em Portugal.

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Pan, Siangrong, und 潘相蓉. „The Reflection On The Entrepreneurial Stages And The Dialogue On Self Awareness-In The Viewpoints Of The Initiator Who Started Up Their Business From Scratch“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99991981412115243097.

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碩士
靜宜大學
觀光事業學系
100
Entrepreneurship was the main activity that fostering the prosperity for modern organization, economy and society. For years, the issues of entrepreneurship have been much discussed in business field, and the subject attracts lots of researchers’ attention. The research aimed to explore the categories of the entrepreneurs who started up their business from scratch, and would illustrate the challenges and difficulties for their entrepreneurial stages, and how those entrepreneurs examine the business trends and organizational opportunities. And to dedicate the entrepreneurial reflection on their business phrase, to find out the entrepreneurial motivation, entrepreneurial resources input, how to design products to fit the industry trends. By interpreting entrepreneurs’ story, we summarized their individual story and key issues for their start up experience, which induced by interviewees and could show their decision preference and influence during their entrepreneurial stages. The motivation of an entrepreneur could offer information on why they started their business and if the career choice related their background, education and work experience. And their leadership style in different business stages. From their prospects of above mentioned, we could dig the deeper information on interviewees how to make decision, how to pinpoint their critical issues, how to develop their business blueprint, and how establish their social networking. The research adopted the qualitative approach and gathered information by in-depth interview, and demonstrated the story in the viewpoint of entrepreneurial reflection. It would also show their thinking logics on how to solve their difficulties, and to unfold the preference for their making decision and intention for their minded set. The paper would finally address a sound framework on how the entrepreneurs modified their business operation to cope with the competition and to revive the business niches to better business performance.

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Jeyacheya, Julia, und M. P. Hampton. „Dive tourism and the entrepreneurial process in the Perhentian Islands“. 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/10404.

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This chapter is an output from the PMI2 Project funded by the UK Department of Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) for the benefit of the Malaysian Higher Education Sector and the UK Higher Education Sector. Any views expressed are not necessarily those of BIS, nor British Council.

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CHEN, YA-CHI, und 陳雅琦. „The Relationship between Enterprise Resources, Network Relationships of Incubator, Entrepreneurial Stage and Business Performance“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9bgbdp.

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碩士
明志科技大學
經營管理系碩士班
107
Seeking for innovation and start-up have become a global phenomenon. However, rapid change characterizes dynamic environments and how to acquire and make the best of limited resources is essential for start-ups to survival. Business incubators can increase start-up companies’ survival rates by providing guidance and network-related resources to support the entrepreneurial process. Accordingly, on the one hand, the study aims to explore how enterprises leverage the resources gained from incubators’ relational networks for their survive. On the other hand, this study also explores how incubators facilitate their relational network to guide start-ups. 　Based on the previous research, the enterprise resources can be classified as physical assets, financial assets, intangible assets, and capabilities. Also, incubators’ relational networks can be categorized as a technical service network, business know-how network, marketing promotion network, capital network, international development network, interpersonal network and administrative support network. The start-up phase can be separated into four different stages including the pre-start-up stage, start-up stage, growth and expansion stage, and stable stage; the business performance can be divided as financial performance and non-financial performance. 　This study by means of qualitative research, aims to explore four small and medium-sized enterprises (SEMs) in the growth and expansion stage of the entrepreneurial stage. Furthermore, it goes further to discusses the interaction of the enterprise resources, the network relationship of incubators’ and the business performance of these four SEMs. 　The conclusions of this study are as follows: Firstly, for start-ups, the capital resource is still the most essential and fundamental to leverage the other resources in the growth and expansion stage. However, the human resources of management capacity plays an important role in the development of companies’ technologies, in particular for technological start-ups. Secondly, the resources integration of incubators’ relational networks are enacted by incubator manager and the counseling consultants. Via the administrative support network of incubators to provide the physical assets to acquire enterprise resources with the operating space. Obtaining the financial assets by means of incubators’ capital network, e.g., government plans and loans. Supporting from incubators’ marketing promotion network, the SEMs develop their enterprise brand seen as their intangible assets. The SEMs supplement technology and business management resources via incubators’ capabilities, technical service network, business know-how network, and their interpersonal network. Furthermore, the SEMs create the complementarity and multiplication effects between the various resources through the network relationship of incubators. The third, employing varied resources from the network relationships of incubators, the SEMs grow rapidly in the stage of growth and expansion. 　It is hoped that through the results of this research, this study can provide some suggests as references for the evaluation techniques employed when incubators are consulting new startups in practice regarding their network relationships.

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Chiu, Kuo-Shuo, und 邱國碩. „A Study of Entrepreneurial Resources, Start-up Stage and Resource Bricolage: The Case of Micro-enterprise“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/kj2kxb.

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碩士
淡江大學
資訊傳播學系碩士班
102
In the past, entrepreneurship usually required both capabilities and sufficient resources. With the advent of micro and knowledge-based businesses, such impression about entrepreneurship has been wiped away. Now, people can start up a micro business in a short time at the early stage of entrepreneurship even without sufficient resources. Through a review of literature, this study found that the concept of bricolage introduced by French anthropologist, Levi-Strauss(1966), can be a foundation for explaining the early stage of entrepreneurship. According to literature about entrepreneurial resources, start-up stage, and bricolage, this study proposed an integrated framework to examine the interactive relationship between entrepreneurs and resources. Based on the qualitative research approach, three cases of micro entrepreneurship at a creative art market were selected for research. This study analyzed the types of resources owned by these businesses at each stage of entrepreneurship and attempted to give existing resources a new value by bricolage. After further discussion and comparison with literature, this study obtained the following conclusions: 1.Entrepreneurship can still take place in the absence of sufficient resources. 2.New types of resources can be produced through bricolage. In terms of contribution, this study observed the various types of resources for entrepreneurship and further extended the application of bricolage. For people or teams planning to start a micro business, this study provided an integrated framework with bricolage as a key to entrepreneurship.

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Lu, Tsung-Huai, und 呂宗槐. „A Study of P F Bio-Tec Inc. Financial Performance in Its Developing and Entrepreneurial Stage“. Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69834616996645200153.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
商學組
102
This research takes a ready-to-IPO pharmaceutical company as the case to study its performance. The period of study starts from its startup, through its entrepreneurial stage, ends at the moment before its going to public. 　　We review its historical background, composition of board, core competence, market-oriented product portfolio, and the necessary organization change for IPO. 　　To rationalize all its business strategy, this research utilizes DuPont formula to conduct a financial analysis. The analysis result reveals that a pharmaceutical company in its entrepreneurial stage needs adequate and in-time capital investment to make its innovation process complete. Spin-off strategy adopted by case company before proved work well, and connect-and-develop strategy used by Procter &; Gambler is recommended to be considered in the future.

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Meintjes, Albertus Jacobus. „The enhancement of selected entrepreneurial competencies of grade 11 learners in Business studies / Albertus Jacobus Meintjes“. Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/13364.

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Different researchers and governments globally have recognised the importance of entrepreneurship in economic growth and job creation. In addition, entrepreneurial activity is crucial, locally and globally. Furthermore, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) recognises the contribution of entrepreneurial activity to economic growth and measures it by means of the total early stage entrepreneurial activity index (TEA). Since the TEA in South Africa is very low, the need exist for an investigation into the reasons thereof. GEM uses the entrepreneurial conditions such as entrepreneurial finance, government policies, government programmes, entrepreneurial education, research and development transfer, commercial and legal infrastructure for entrepreneurship, internal market openness and cultural and social norms to measure entrepreneurial activity. Viewing the different entrepreneurial conditions, education is recognised as one of the largest inhibiters of entrepreneurship since 2001. In this study an investigation on education in South Africa was conducted. The goal of this study was to enhance selected entrepreneurial competencies of grade 11 learners in Business Studies. The literature study indicated that various entrepreneurship views and definitions exist. The focus of this study is on the individual characteristics of the entrepreneurs. The literature study also indicated that different terms exist to describe these individual characteristics of the entrepreneurs. For the purpose of this study the term competency was used. Thirdly the literature study also showed that various entrepreneurial competencies exist. A selection needed to be done and by using the curriculum of Business Studies, grades 10 – 12 only certain competencies were selected. The following entrepreneurial competencies are used in this study: problem solving, creativity, flexibility, risk-taking, goal orientation, planning, teamwork, communication, self-confidence and capacity to learn. In this study a multi-method research design was used. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were used. An intervention took place with an experimental (23 learners) and control group (24 learners). Firstly the experimental group was exposed to the intervention with the control group attending normal classes. After the completion of the intervention on the experimental group the roles were changed. The intervention of each group consisted of 24 days (28 sessions of between 35 and 43 minutes). In the quantitative research three tests were used to determine the possible enhancement of the selected entrepreneurial competencies. Both the experimental and control group were exposed to the three tests. In the qualitative research observations and interviews were used to measure the possible enhancement of the entrepreneurial competencies. Learners from both the experimental and control group were used in the interviews. The results of the quantitative and qualitative research clearly show an enhancement of entrepreneurial competencies of the learners. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the proposed framework is clearly highlighted. The use of the proposed framework will assist teachers in linking the theory (textbook) and practice (operations of the business in the simulation). In addition, the teacher can expose the learners to entrepreneurial competencies and therefore develop and enhance it. Another advantage is that this teaching approach can be included in the normal Business Studies classes without any interruption of normal school activities. A limitation of the study is the period of the intervention. A recommendation is that the proposed strategy for the enhancement of entrepreneurial can be used through out the academic year for the enhancement of entrepreneurial competencies. This will ensure that the entrepreneurial competencies are focussed on continuously and learners are empowered in this regard. With this study the researcher attempted to address the challenges in education in South Africa through the enhancement of entrepreneurial competencies and thus to address the low TEA.
PhD (Entrepreneurship), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2014

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Wu, Hsien-Pai, und 吳弦派. „Social Network Strategy, Resources Acquisition, and Entrepreneurial Stage of Entrepreneurs: A Study of ICT Industry in Taiwan“. Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15222101668429559455.

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碩士
國立屏東科技大學
科技管理研究所
101
Social network plays a crucial role in accessing resources and informations in new venture creation. Previous studies have shown that the benefits of social network, however, little research has been done on the formation and strategy of social network. Since networking actions alter the cost-benefit calculus of using referrals, the extent to which entrepreneurs rely on referrals when searching for new exchange partners should vary with their networking actions. Thus, this study follows Vissa’s (2010) view to make a distinction between adding new contacts (Network-broadening actions) versus managing existing contacts (Network-deepening actions), and one more step forward to discuss the differences between established and young firms. There were two parts in this study. Study I used grounded theory to analysis the 20 empirical interview data for viewing the differences between these two network actions to explore the viewpoints and questions of questionnaire of entrepreneur’s strategy of social network. In study II, we sent 2000 questionnaires to the ICT industry’s entrepreneurs and used the recovery of 85 questionnaires to invstigate the theoretical framework proposed from study I. The results of this study were as follow: 1. Social network strategy are positive significantly effect innovative opportunities; 2. At the situation of taking broadening strategy, the effects of innovative opportunities to established firms are higher than young firms; 3. Conversely, At the situation of taking the deepening strategy, the effects of innovative opportunities to young firms are higher than established firms. According to the findings, the related suggestions and future study were provided for empirical entrepreneur and research scholars.

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Prastiyo, Fenny Anggraini, und 俞肇鳳. „A Study of Social Progress Imperative Conditions and Total Early Stage Entrepreneurial Activities: A Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ahxrw9.

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碩士
輔仁大學
國際經營管理碩士學位學程
104
Total early-stage entrepreneurial activity is one of the measurements to assess the level entrepreneurship. Hence, many scholars try to understand what the causal factors that can lead to total early-stage entrepreneurial activities are. Some scholars stated that total early-stage entrepreneurial activity is not just a phenomenon that is caused by causal factors independently. In fact, those factors might be in the form of combination of causal factors that work together to produce the phenomenon or what we so called as causal complexity. Although those scholars have agreed that total early-stage entrepreneurial activity is caused by a number of causal factors, there is divided thought about which factors that empirically influence the phenomenon. One area of causal factors is related with social progress. This area has not been explored much because the difficulties to measure the social progress in global scale, yet there are some significant findings that social factors do affect entrepreneurial activities. With the newly launched Social Progress Index, now it is possible to measure social progress in global scale. Therefore, in this paper I will investigate what combination of social progress that lead to early-stage entrepreneurial activities are. The analysis covers 89 countries worldwide from 2014 to 2015. To get some findings, I am using Fuzzy-set: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA). The findings can give insight to governments in formulating their policy, and give new contribution in entrepreneurship research.

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Tai, Yun-Chiang, und 戴允強. „A Theory of Convertible Securities for the Early Stage Venture Capital Finance: A Perspective of Entrepreneurial Discount Rate and Its Related Issues“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84267154398916740606.

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博士
國立臺灣大學
國際企業學研究所
98
Venture capital is a charming issue. We explore the relative ratio of discount rates between the venture capitalist and the entrepreneur in a setting that the venture capitalist and the entrepreneur are both principals and agents. The verifiability of venture value leads us to know the efforts devotion and its respective impacts on discount rates better. The incentive behind the convertible preferred shares used for the venture finance has been considered as equivalent to the financing with some constraints imposed on the common shares. On the convertible incomplete contract, the putable/callable options enhance the incentives and reduce the uncertainty in the early stage of venture finance. A new equilibrium is brought when a lemon problem is faced with unexpected actions taken by both. The underinvestment/overinvestment problem has been considered from the private benefit and the value creation of venture of both sides. In our paper, the venture capitalist may be induced to overinvest by the NPV-like rule. The equilibrium leads us to know the interactive relationships and the distribution of venture value between two players well as proper strategies are applied.

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Chen, Yi-An, und 陳怡安. „Exploring the Relationship between Women''s Entrepreneurship and Government Resources from the Entrepreneurial Stage : The Example of the Women Entrepreneurship Program“. Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6xnzt3.

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碩士
國立中山大學
企業管理學系研究所
107
This study is to understand the various entrepreneurship stages and dilemmas of women entrepreneurs. However, with reference to domestic literature, Taiwan''s women entrepreneurship research is mostly based on qualitative research, and the quantitative method has not shown entrepreneurship growth track and Taiwanese women entrepreneurship predicament. This study will reference literature to planning study structure, questionnaires to quantify women entrepreneurship, and interview. Survey respondent is 560 women entrepreneurship and interview 2 women entrepreneurship in the women entrepreneurship program. Through descriptive interviews to understand women entrepreneurship silhouette and dilemma, in the various stages of entrepreneurship, that is four entrepreneurship stage about potential entrepreneurship, nascent entrepreneurship, established business ownership and the impact of government support. From the results of 560 quantitative analysis and 2 qualitative interviews, it is found that women entrepreneurship from different entrepreneurship stages shows different entrepreneurship motivation, entrepreneurial intentions, entrepreneurial dilemmas, and government resources. Through this study to understand Taiwan for women entrepreneurship policy need to strengthen, and to assist the effectiveness of women entrepreneurship, showing women entrepreneurship and government resources with each other has a significant impact. This study suggests that the policy content can still be supplemented to create a friendly women entrepreneurship environment, thereby increasing the entrepreneurial intentions of women entrepreneurship.

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LEE, YEN-CHING, und 李彥慶. „Study of the Relationship between SMEs' Entrepreneurial Personality Traits and Overcoming the Tide and Difficulties in the Early Stage of Starting a Business“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67nju6.

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碩士
國立高雄第一科技大學
創業管理碩士學位學程
106
This research studies the characteristics of entrepreneurs and how they handles the difficulties and challenges faced during the start-up phase of theirs business. Most researches in the past mainly focus on entrepreneurs’ motivation, their behavior, strategies, and performance. Although these researches explain how to prepare both mentally and strategically before you open a new business, they overlook the inevitable problems, internal or caused by the market, a start-up will undergoing. Therefore, in this study, we interviewed entrepreneurs, who have already been running their business successfully for more than 20 years, to investigate what kind of personal characteristics they have in common that helped them to overcome difficulties they had starting a new business. The results of this study show: (1) The more out-ward looking of an entrepreneur the more he will actively seek help when he is faced with difficulties in his early days. (2) Entrepreneurs with more significant affinity traits are more likely to receive assistance when seeking external assistance. (3) Entrepreneurs with more prudent traits are more likely to deal with rationality in the face of difficulties in the early stages of starting a business. Through this study, readers can not only learn about what to do before they start a new business, but also they can prepare themselves in advance for the challenges they are about to face. Keywords: SMEs’,Entrepreneurship,Personality Traits

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郭嘯華. „The Analysis of the Negligence Traps in Operation Practice at the Beginning Stage of Entrepreneurial Period for the Engineering or Technical Background Personnel – a Case Study of E Company“. Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23270047086711821074.

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