Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „Entrapment in the gothic“

This article explores Thomas Hardy’s engagement with the Gothic tradition, particularly in relation to the female monstrosity and imprisonment central to mid-Victorian Gothic realism. Focusing on Tess of the d’Urbervilles (1891) and Far from the Madding Crowd (1874), I demonstrate that Hardy purges the Gothic from the domestic space and disperses it into the natural world, restructuring the Gothic prison that haunts the tradition. By moving the Gothic into a less socially fraught place – the sublimity of nature rather than the psyche of the woman – Hardy also reconfigures Gothic female monstrosity. No longer a reflection of the repressed desires and passions of rebellious female characters, the monstrous in Hardy’s Wessex is linked instead to raging fires and destructive storms, presenting the Gothic as ever-present and occurring in the ‘open air’ of nature. Hardy neutralises the formerly imprisoning domestic space and introduces a new Gothic force as a source of anxiety: the burden of time. The focus on time and temporality in Tess of the d’Urbervilles reveals an increasing ambivalence towards modernity in Hardy’s later novels, as the suffering of the heroine through physical confinement is moved to entrapment by the ‘burden of time’ in the rapidly changing Victorian fin de siècle. As a result, the Gothic that enters Wessex takes on both a spatial and temporal quality – manifested in the natural world but linked to haunted pasts and haunting futures. Through a series of shifts in Far from the Madding Crowd and Tess of the d’Urbervilles – of Gothic repression removed from the female psyche and Gothic imprisonment unlinked from the domestic space – Hardy establishes a further linkage between the Gothic and time in the latter novel. As a result of this displacement of original Gothic tropes, Hardy’s work can be read as both radically feminist and deeply critical of modernity.

ABSTRACT This paper employs EcoGothic theories and ecofeminist criticism to explore the similarities between Ambrose Bierce’s 1897 story “The Eyes of the Panther” and Lauren Groff’s 2016 story “The Midnight Zone.” Both stories place women in isolated wilderness spaces to probe the boundaries between nature and culture and to condemn human destruction of the nonhuman world. The stories also include Gothic tropes of entrapment and psychological trauma to expose restrictive cultural ideals that constrain women into passive roles. In Bierce’s and Groff’s respective stories, the female characters’ trauma-induced transformation into panther form allows them to challenge the interconnected subjugation of women and the nonhuman world. While each story undermines these destructive ideologies, only “The Midnight Zone” suggests a more positive alternative. The woman in Bierce’s story is killed by a hunter, but the narrator of Groff’s story survives and retains her panther-like qualities. Her survival suggests an ideology based not on the domination of nature and women but on the generative possibilities of challenging boundaries.

The aim of the present study is to make a comparative analysis of the transformation of the fairy tales in the stories of one English and one Turkish writer -Angela Carter and Murathan Mungan. The study restricts itself to one story by each writer: ‘The Snow Child’ by Angela Carter and ‘Yedi Cucesi Olmayan Bir Pamuk Prenses’ (‘A Snow White Without Seven Dwarfs’) by Murathan Mungan as the parodies of ‘The Snow White with Seven Dwarfs’. Both writers deconstruct the Grimm Tale to challenge the imposed patriarchal ideologies and gender roles, especially the women’s socially approved behaviour patterns in the patriarchal system and intentionally subvert them and their representations in their works using the same postmodern frame-breaking devices - parody, pastiche and intertextuality. Both aim to offer their readers insight on the archetypes and stereotypes of women and force them to confront the women’s entrapment within the male world regardless of geography. While undermining the familiar narrative, Carter prefers blurring the boundaries of the fairy tale genre with her use of fantasy, Gothic, pornography and folklore. She explores and problematizes the unquestionable topics such as female sexuality, violence against women. Mungan, on the other hand, inverts the perception and the representation of women rewarded for virtue and conformity to the patriarchal ideology. He critiques the negative sides of the present socio-cultural issues in a mocking way and promotes women to possess both feminine and masculine qualities and reclaim control over their social stance.

The essay “Practising ‘cruel optimism’: Eight Months on Ghazzah Street by Hilary Mantel” delves into Mantel’s novel through the lens of Berlant’s concept of cruel optimism. Berlant’s construct, rooted in the pursuit of conventional notions of a fulfilling existence, highlights the protagonists’ endeavors in Saudi Arabia as a postcolonial adventure bound to end in disillusionment. Mantel’s portrayal of Frances Shore and her husband Andrew illuminates the tension between their aspirations for financial security and the disconcerting realities of cultural displacement and legal constraints under Sharia law. The city’s architecture mirrors Frances’s sense of unease, resembling oppressive structures associated with fascist regimes. The portrayal of Jeddah’s construction environment, echoing totalitarian aesthetic reminiscent of fascist regimes, serves as a compelling allegory for Frances’s sense of entrapment within a society where her agency is circumscribed by gendered and legal strictures. Casting Frances as a contemporary iteration of the Gothic heroine ensnared within her domicile, Mantel explores the disjuncture between the alleged benevolence of religious doctrine and the punitive nature of its legal apparatus. Frances’s interrogation of this dissonance not only underscores the pervasive nature of cruel optimism but also hints at the inherently paradoxical nature of faith systems that simultaneously offer solace and impose constraints. Through its fluid engagement with concepts of cruel optimism, urbanity, and gender dynamics, the essay invites readers to contemplate the multifaceted interplay between individual aspiration and systemic coercion within the affluent and autocratic socio-cultural landscape.

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">La</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">competencia</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">digital</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">desempeña</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">un</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">papel</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">fundamental</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">en</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">formación</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">de</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">los</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">estudiantes</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">actualmente.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Sólo</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tenemos</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">considerar</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tecnología</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">es</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">ubicua</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">en</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">vida</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">de</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">los</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">estudiantes</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">también</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">en</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">sus</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">rutinas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">diarias.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Las</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">escuelas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">deben</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">plantearse</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">cómo</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">implementar</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">e</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">integrar</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">en</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">el</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">currículo</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tecnología</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">educativa.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">La</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">alfabetización</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">mediática</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">se</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">refiere</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">al</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">conocimiento</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">destrezas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">el</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">alumnado</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">debe</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">adquirir</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">para</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">poder</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">analizar,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">evaluar</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">crear</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">mensajes</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">mediáticos.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Este</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">artículo</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">trata</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">sobre</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">alumnado</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">entre</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">8</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">11</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">años</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">no</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tiene</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">formación</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">multimedia</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">previa,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">aprende</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">lo</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">básico</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">sobre</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">competencia</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">digital,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">así</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">como</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">el</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">impacto</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">esa</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">formación</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tiene</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">en</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">su</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">progreso</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">académico.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Dada</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">edad</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">de</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">la</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">muestra,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">las</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">destrezas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">mediáticas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">trabajadas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">no</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">han</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">ido</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">más</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">allá</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">de</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">las</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tecnológicas,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">aunque</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">algunas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">habilidades</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">evaluadoras</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">críticas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">se</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">han</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">practicado</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">oralmente.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Los</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">resultados</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">muestran</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">los</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">estudiantes</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">han</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">mejorado</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">significativamente</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">sus</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">destrezas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">básicas</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">también</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">su</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">conocimiento</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">sobre</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">los</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">media.</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">Sin</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">embargo,</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">no</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">podemos</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">concluir</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">que</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">una</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">formación</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">tan</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">corta</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">y</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">básica</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">impacte</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">su</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">progreso</span><span style="font-family: 'Century Gothic',sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Century Gothic';" lang="ES-TRAD">académico.</span></p>

The article charts gothic fiction’s spatialization of disability by examining two representative entries: Horace Walpole’s foundational novel The Castle of Otranto (1764) and Peter Medak’s film The Changeling (1980). Their different media and historical backgrounds notwithstanding, both texts feature haunted houses where ghosts and nonghosts collaborate in tearing walls, clearing passageways, tracking voices, and lighting up cellars. These accommodations, along with the antiestablishment critiques they advance, remain unanalyzed because gothic studies and disability studies have intersected mainly around paradigms of monstrosity, abjection, and repression. What do we gain, then, by de-psychologizing the gothic, assaying ghosts’ material entanglements instead? This critical gesture reveals crip ghosts Joseph (Changeling) and Alfonso (Otranto) engaged in what the article conceptualizes as “gothic access”: a series of hauntings that help us collapse and reimagine everyday life’s unhaunted—yet inaccessible—built environments.