Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Encrassement en laboratoire/à l'échelle pilote“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Encrassement en laboratoire/à l'échelle pilote":
Zug, M., J. Vazquez, A. Le Gac, O. Baret und M. Chataignon. „Osrai’Flow, un nouveau dispositif de mesure des débits pour collecteurs d’assainissement de faible diamètre : de la théorie à l’expérimentation en laboratoire et sur site réel“. Techniques Sciences Méthodes, Nr. 5 (Mai 2019): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tsm/201905111.
Amy, G., J. F. Debroux, R. Arnold und L. G. Wilson. „Emploi de la pré-ozonation pour augmenter la biodégradabilité d'un effluent secondaire dans un système de traitement par inflitration dans le sol“. Revue des sciences de l'eau 9, Nr. 3 (12.04.2005): 365–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705258ar.
Dissertationen zum Thema "Encrassement en laboratoire/à l'échelle pilote":
Liu, Weiji. „Rôle de la micelle de caséine sur la dénaturation thermique des solutions de protéines de lactosérum et les mécanismes d'encrassement“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR014.
The present work is a contribution to better understand the influence of casein micelles on the fouling of serum whey protein solutions. In particular, experimental and numerical approaches have been carried out, at laboratory and pilot scales, to describe denaturation phenomena and better understand the role of calcium in fouling mechanisms. First of all, the effect of casein/whey mass ratio on the whey protein fouling performance was investigated in a pilot-scale PHE. The total fouling deposit mass drop significantly with the addition of casein, resulting in a minimum value located at Casein/WPI of 0.2. Exceeding this critical ratio, fouling deposit increased with elevated casein concentrations. The deposit mass drop (Casein/WPI ≤ 0.2) is unlikely to be linked to the thermal denaturation of BLG and is more probably due to the change in mineral interactions introduced by casein. The increased fouling mass (Casein/WPI ≥ 0.2) was attributed to a co-precipitation of BLG-casein complex that enhances the fouling. It is proposed that micellar casein change deeply the calcium balance and the content of CaP nanocluster modifies sharply the interactions which occur between protein species (BLG, caseins) and mineral elements (ionic calcium, Ca-P) thereby affecting the protein denaturation and fouling behavior. A novel kinetic model concerning thermal unfolding and aggregation of BLG was established. This model interprets mathematically the break-slope behavior in the Arrhenius plot and provides detailed thermodynamic information for both unfolding and aggregation processes. Based on this model, it was confirmed that ionic calcium has a protective role on the thermal unfolding of BLG at low temperature. In contrast, at higher temperatures, calcium promotes aggregation and the formation of unfolded BLG species. A bench-scale fouling rig was built to perform whey protein fouling experiments in a laminar regime. A realistic 3D CFD model was achieved to simulate both the bulk and surface reactions. Results showed a linear relationship between the deposition pre-exponential factor and calcium concentration, suggesting the fouling is built in such a pattern that only one calcium ion per BLG molecule is involved. Calcium was confirmed to be essential to fouling growth with significant effects both on the thermal denaturation and deposition processes. Finally, the effect of casein/whey ratio on the whey protein fouling was investigated in the laboratory-scale fouling device. Results revealed a similar effect of casein on fouling mitigation as those found in the pilot plant. However, in this case, the fouling was suppressed and maintained at a low extent even at high Casein/WPI ratios (up to 4). The presence of individual caseins in the serum phase was considered to be responsible for this fouling mitigation probably through their chaperon-like activities. However, when the pH of the fouling solution is set at 6.6, casein is shown to lose its fouling-mitigating effect at higher ratios. This behavior is related to its weak ability of casein micelle to control ionic calcium in the serum phase at lower pH, resulting in higher calcium concentration facilitating BLG denaturation and deposition accumulation. A lower amount of dissociated caseins in the serum phase at pH 6.6 could also explain the increase in fouling mass because they are not in sufficient concentration to perform chaperone-like functions
Gouvion, Saint-Cyr Diane de. „Décontamination de radionucléides dans des effluents liquides par une micro-algue : étude de faisabilité à l'échelle laboratoire et à l'échelle pilote“. Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13503.
Nuclear plants produce radioactive liquid wastes which are decontaminated before they are released. Radioactive cobalt and silver are the main radionuclides released by water pressurized reactor, after tritium and carbon 14. Liquid effluents are decontaminated by physic-chemical processes, such as evaporation, coagulation, sorption and ion exchange. These technologies are very efficient but cannot neutralize entirely the carbon-14 and, in the case of emergency situation, they are difficult to implement in order to decontaminate high amount of radioactive liquids. It is necessary to look for alternative decontamination methods. Bio-remediation technologies may constitute interesting alternatives in the nuclear field as well, but only a few bio-based technologies have been proposed. This work aims to develop a treatment unit based on the use of a photosynthetic micro-alga, extremely radio-tolerant and owning high capacity to concentrate radionuclides and toxic metals. The technical specification was draft to design the process and construct the pilot unit taking into account the constraints linked to the use of a biological matrix in a nuclear environment. The pilot-scale treatment unit, based on this micro-alga, includes different tasks to ensure the objectives of the process: algae have first to be produced in a growth medium and harvested before ensuring the treatment of the contaminated effluent. The feasibility of these operations is studied at laboratory scale. Operating conditions and monitoring and optimization tools for each step, (i) biomass production, (ii) biomass separation and concentration by microfiltration, (iii) effluent decontamination of silver-110m, cobalt-60, carbon-14, are sought. Based on the results obtained at laboratory scale, the feasibility of bio-decontamination of radionuclides by the micro-alga at pilot-scale is studied and demonstrated. Through this work, the development of an innovative process has to be considered for the decontamination of liquid effluents from the nuclear industry. This work confirms the high potential of algae to ensure the pollutants elimination
Bien, Le Binh. „Transferts d'eau et de soluté en milieu non saturé hétérogène à l'échelle d'un pilote de laboratoire : expériences et modélisations“. Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961204.
Torandell, Sandrine. „Extrapolation de conditions opératoires de fabrication d'émulsions à usage cosmétique lors du passage de l'échelle laboratoire aux échelles pilote et industrielle“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL031N.
Dach, Hanane. „Comparaison des opérations de nanofiltration et d'osmose inverse pour le dessalement selectif des eaux saumatres : de l'échelle du laboratoire au pilote industriel“. Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00433513.
Dach, Hanane. „Comparaison des opérations de nanofiltration et d'osmose inverse pour le dessalement sélectif des eaux saumatres : de l'échelle du laboratoire au pilote industriel“. Angers, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ANGE0032.
A competing membrane process to Reverse Osmosis (RO) for brackish water desalination in the near future is Nanofiltration (NF). In this study, we tried to determine when apply of NF instead of RO for brackish water desalination is of a good relevance. In order to predict and compare NF and RO membranes performance, a fundamental study in laboratory scale was performed to a better understanding of the retention mechanisms of salts by several NF and RO membranes. The performance of the tested membranes was measured in terms of fluxes and rejection under different operating conditions (Feed solution composition, ionic strength, Hydrostatic pressure, recovery rate). The results showed that the rejections of salts increased with the feed pressure and decreased with the salt concentration and recovery rate. The Spiegler-Kedem-Katchalsky model (SKK) was used to analyse the experimental data of filtration experiments. The validation of the model applied allowed us to quantify the mass transfer parameters and to determine the mass transfer occurring in NF and RO (Convection and/or hydration diffusion). The membranes were also characterized using Atomic Force Microscopy, Streaming potential and Contact angle measurements with the goal of relating fluxes and salts retention behaviour with the membrane surface properties. The second part includes a technico-economical study comparing RO and NF processes for Tan Tan brackish water (4 g. L-1) desalination on pilot scale in Tan Tan BWRO plant. In this study, the performance of number of NF and RO modules was evaluated in terms of productivity, desalination efficiency and energy requirements. It was found that the RO modules sharply reduced the TDS of Tan Tan water (rejections > 90%). NF was observed to be an effective method to perform partial desalination of Tan Tan brackish water at higher permeates fluxes and lower applied pressures. The degrees of mineral salt removal with the NF90 and NE90 membranes were in the range of 72 and 95%. The results of pilot plant tests were compared with softwer projections. Significant deviations between pilot experiments and the simulations are obtained for some softwares, and pilot studies are required for the elements corresponding. This part also investigated the application of nanofiltration for demineralization of model solution simulating moderately brackish waters (salinity range of 4-10 g. L-1), and defluoridation of Tan Tan brackish water doped with fluoride at high concentrations. The results indicate the effectiveness of NF membranes (NF90 and NE90) in the treatment of brackish water feed of TDS lesser than 6 g. L-1. These membranes were also effective for fluoride removal at a satisfactory value