Dissertationen zum Thema „Efficacité de la batterie“
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Hassan, Ali. „Traitement thermochimique et caractérisation spectro-électrochimique des électrodes en feutre de carbone, utilisées dans des cellules pilote d'une batterie à circulation tout vanadium“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30144.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIncrease of the share of renewable energy in the overall power production can ensure the future energy demand and help to cope with the environmental challenges inherent to the carbon enrich fossil fuels. Due to intermittent nature of these renewable resources, cost competitive and efficient energy storage devices are required. Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are promising storage devices for the stationary applications due to its easy scalability, long charge-discharge cycles. The graphite and the graphite felt are low cost electrodes materials used by VRFBs which exhibits low kinetic reversibility of the redox reaction involving the system V(V)/V(IV) in the positive half-cell; this fact is responsible of significant kinetics overpotential decreasing the delivered voltage from the battery. In this work, different methods (chemical, thermal, electrochemical,) were tried to activate the surface of commercial graphite, expecting to enhance its electro-kinetics activity, specifically for the positive half-cell reaction (VO2+⇌VO2+). The enhancement of the electro kinetic activity of the electrode surface was characterized by the cyclic and linear sweep voltammetries. Besides the surface chemistry and morphology were analysed by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In another study, the electrode-electrolyte interaction was quantified by contact angle measurements allowing access to the surface free energy determination. The activation method enables to create different oxygenal groups (C-OH, C=O -COOH) on the graphite surface and to increase the surface area. Both effects lead to i) the increase by 35 % of the current magnitude of the peak obtained by cyclic voltammetry (for the system VO2+/VO2+) and ii) the decrease of the ΔEpeaks of the same system by 300 mV. The density functional theory calculations (DFT) were performed to evaluate the individual catalytic role of the these oxygenal groups against the redox couple VO2+/VO2+(in the positive electrode). DFT shows that these oxygenal groups increase sp3 hybridization in the structure of the felt, that are facilitating the redox reactions. The intrinsic heterogeneous electronic transfer constant (k°) of V(V)/V(IV) system is enhanced by 2.6 and 6.1 times for the oxidation (V(IV)→V(V)) and reduction (V(V)→V(IV)) reactions, respectively. The electrode-electrolyte interaction improves because of the increment of the surface free energy of GF from 13.9 mN/m to 53.29 mN/m. The electrode performance was evaluated in the classical half-cell by charge discharge cycles. The charging voltage decrease from 1.18V to 1.04V and the discharge voltage increase from 0.42V to 0.75V, after the activation of GF. Proposed activation methods are novel, easy and effective. The charge discharge cycles of VRFB were performed at stack level, into the electrochemical plug flow reactor, by using 100 cm2 GF in each electrolytic section. At a current density of 50 A.m-2, there is an improvement of 20 % and 13 % in energy and voltage efficiency (VE) of stack respectively, due to treated electrode
Shakya, Nikesh Man. „Design and development of energy-efficient transmission for wireless IoT modules“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLL001/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Internet of Things (IoT) is expected to grow to 50 billion connected devices by 2020. Within the IoT, devices across a variety of industries will be interconnected through the Internet and peer-to-peer connections as well as closed networks like those used in the smart grid infrastructure. With the global focus on energy and water management and conservation, the IoT will extend the connected benefits of the smart grid beyond the distribution, automation and monitoring being done by utility providers. Management systems for in-home and in-building use will help consumers monitor their own usage and adjust behaviors. These systems will eventually regulate automatically by operating during off-peak energy hours and connect to sensors to monitor occupancy, lighting conditions, and more. But it all starts with a smarter and more connected grid. Smart metering provides a base around which utilities can build up smarter advanced services for the whole chain of energy generation, transmission and distribution. The main objective of this doctoral research project is to come up with the IoT communication modules with very low consumption characteristics. The energy consumption is the most challenging issue for smart home and smart metering applications. The battery powered devices such as sensors and gas and water meters are concerned directly with the consumption of their communication module. Today most of the embedded wireless solutions designed for sensors and battery powered devices do not embed IPv6 stack in the communication module to have a basic hardware with low consumption. Elaborating IoT wireless technologies to achieve the tough energy consumption objectives imposed to them will boost up the spread of these technologies and help IoT to find its place in the market fast. This PhD program will start with: First) a state of the art and reviewing the current solutions developed for sensor networks and protocols designed for battery powered devices. Second) it continues by reviewing Itron solutions for IPv6 meshed network. Third) Design of a low consumption solution for IoT wireless modules and) finally test and experimentation on platform
Quelin, Aurélien. „Microstockage électrique pour microrobotique à énergie embarquée“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Compiègne, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COMP2705.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAn analysis of the design methods of energy autonomous microrobots carried out during this thesis highlights the fact that these methods may not be optimal, and that the performance of these microrobots could be improved through a co-design of their energy source and their motion system. This thesis work therefore addressed the following question : « Is there an advantage to using fine models for the design of a microrobot, and in particular for co-design of its battery and its displacement system? ». To answer this question, we have studied an on-board power supplied microrobot for which it is possible to size the battery, of lithium-ion chemistry and coin cell format, and the displacement system, based on the impact-drive inertial principle implemented around an electromagnetic actuator. The study of the co-design of these two components has been carried out using their coupled fine models, which have been validated experimentally during the thesis. We have shown, using these coupled models, that the optimal sizing of the whole system does not correspond to the sum of the optimal sizings of the individual components, but to a compromise difficult or impossible to determine without these coupled models, because of the cross-interactions of the effects of the design parameters. The microrobot studied during thisthesis has thus demonstrated the interest of the method used, which could be used on other microsystems, depending on their characteristics
Pondaven, Claude. „La théorie de la réglementation : efficacité économique ou efficacité politique ?“ Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFIORE, MICHELE. „Nanostructured Materials for secondary alkaline ion batteries“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/262348.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThanks to their superior energy and power density, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) currently dominate the market of power sources for portable devices. The economy of scale and engineering optimizations have driven the cost of LIBs below the 200 $/KWh at the pack level. This catalyzed the market penetration of electric vehicles and made them a viable candidate for stationary energy storage. However, the rapid market expansion of LIBs raised growing concerns about the future sustainability of this technology. In particular, lithium and cobalt supplies are considered vulnerable, primarily because of the geopolitical implications of their high concentration in only a few countries. In the search for the next generation secondary batteries, known as post-lithium ion batteries, candidates that do not use rare metals have been extensively investigated in the last 10 years. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) attracted considerable attention thanks to the high abundance of the precursors and wide distribution of sodium on the earth's crust. As a matter of fact, as it will be pointed out during the dissertation, it is not straightforward to allocate the reduction of the price of the alkaline ion precursors to the reduction of the battery price. However, the difficulties in the supply of raw materials for LIBs, such as shortages in lithium carbonates and cobalt ores, could make lithium and cobalt-free systems, such as SIBs, attractive and cost-competitive alternatives. Compared to other, more exotic chemistries including Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ batteries, SIBs are nowadays considered one as the most promising alternative to LIBs. Despite the extensive research, anode materials for SIBs still represent a serious problem for the commercial exploitation of this technology. Accordingly, the doctoral research on SIBs has been focused on anode materials. In particular, the attention was directed towards conversion oxides. Compared to intercalation materials, conversion-based ones have higher capacities but are more challenging to deal with because of the high volume variation during cycling. This challenge was addressed by material's nanostructuring and morphology control which proved to significantly reduce the pulverization of the active material. Different anode candidates have been studied during the doctoral work. Cobalt oxide nanofibers have been here explored as a first prototype for conversion materials in sodium ion batteries. The sodiation-desodiation mechanism is analyzed by means of ex situ XRD which led to a deeper understanding of the conversion reaction in SIBs. A cost-effective and environmentally benign alternative based on iron oxide is then considered. The limits of iron (III) oxide are tackled by combining the advantages of the nanostructuring and the doping with an aliovalent element. Si-doped Fe2O3 nanofibers are synthesized via an easy scalable process based on the electrospinning method. It is found that Si-addition improves the transport properties as well as induces changes in the crystal structure and morphology. In the final section of the thesis, potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are examined as a promising alternative to sodium ion batteries. KIBs exhibit all the benefits of SIBs, with the additional advantage that graphite, can reversibly accommodate K-ions. On the positive side, Potassium manganese hexacyanoferrate (KMnHCF), has been reported to provide high operating voltages and satisfactory capacity retention. The proposed research activity presents the use of an ionic liquid based electrolyte compatible with the most promising anode and cathode for KIBs. In addition, a high-throughput optimization of the KMnHCF synthesis is reported. The selected candidates are then fully characterized, and their electrochemical properties investigated. The optimized material exhibits the highest ever reported coulombic efficiency for the KMHCF. This find, opens up the possibility of highly efficient, high energy potassium ion batteries.
Jaouadi, Randa. „Compromis efficacité énergétique et efficacité spectrale pour les objets communicants autonomes“. Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4041/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTechnological advances have led to the develop- ment of wireless sensor applications. These sensors are generally deployed with reduced energy resources where replacing a battery can be costly. Energy ef ficiency is an important constraint to ensure a high level of autonomy. The current trend towards high- throughput applications requires not only high spectral efficiency but also reduced energy consumption. It is therefore essential to study the trade-off between spec tral efficiency and energy efficiency for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this thesis we concentrate on the different techniques adopted at the level of the phys- ical layer. At first, the various aspects characterizing the WSNs are introduced. Then, the efforts made to optimize the conservation of energy in these networks are summarized while highlighting the link between the energy consumption and the spectral efficiency. Then, different energy models are introduced and classified in order to study the evolution of the consumed energy as a function of the spectral efficiency. Secondly, we focus on the choice of modulation in order to find the optimal scheme that minimizes energy. We then studied the tradeoff between energy and spectral efficiency, taking into account the constraints imposed by the sys- tem. Finally, we are interested in coding strategy and error control protocol to study their impact on the energy efficiency and spectral efficiency tradeoff
Thiam, Amadou. „Nouvelles générations d'électrolyte pour batterie lithium polymère“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAI068.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis was to develop new polymer electrolytes for application of lithium metal polymer batteries. The first part concerns the development of semi-interpenetrating networks based on POE and a polycondensat. These types of electrolytes made it possible to improve the mechanical properties and conductivity at high and low temperatures. The addition of NCC as a reinforcement on the semi-interpenetrating network has led to interesting physicochemical properties and high cycle life for batteries.The partial hydrogenation of the polycondensat allowing the modulation of the reticulation ratio has allow to elaborate as an electrolyte (in the presence of LiTFSI) exhibiting 1S.cm-1 conductivities at 90 ° C for a ratio O/Li=20 and O/Li=30 with a mechanical strength of 0.5MPa to 100 ° C. In the second part a range of lithium with organic anion was synthesized and characterized. These lithium salts show good electrochemical and thermal stability, whereas ionics conductivities are sometimes higher than LiTFSI in polymer medium. The last part concerns the synthesis and physicochemical characterization of new perfluorinated ionomers. These new cationic ionomers with a unipolar conduction are obtained from aromatic monomers carriers ionic functional having a high ability to dissociation and cation transport numbers close to 1 at 70 ° C
Paillard, Elie. „Nouveaux électrolytes polymères pour batterie au lithium“. Grenoble INPG, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPG0010.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle14 new lithium salts have been characterized in order to use them in polymer electrolytes. Among them, C6FsS03Li shows remarkable mechanical properties in linear POE and brings acceptable' cationic conductivities to the electrolytes for the POE/C6FsS03Li, in spite of a low salt dissociation. Another series of non fluorinated salts allowed us to show the interest of direct charge delocalization by mesomeric effect on an aromatic ring and allowed to reach conductivity comparable to perfluorinated sulfonates. Eventually, a family of anions including an aromatic ring, which can be further modified have been studied in linear POE to form high temperature electrolyte, but also in cross-linked polymers for ambient temperature application with good results
Piret, Hélène. „Mesure embarquée large bande de l’impédance électrique : application aux batteries“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAT081/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMore andmore applications rely on batteries, for instance in the field of transport, of smart grid, of connected objects. Therefore, the development of battery has become a crucial issue. Unfortunately, a battery is a complex electrochemical system which depends of many parameters and whose performance deteriorates over time. Thus the development of an efficient battery management system (BMS) to avoid damages, to extend lifespan and to optimize the use of batteries is a priority. One way to obtain interesting information representative of the present state of the battery is to estimate its electrochemical impedance. This thesis presents time frequency impedance identification methods which can be easily embedded in vehiclesor nomad devices.The first developed method not only allows an accurate impedance estimation but also a tracking of its temporal evolution contrary to classical electrochemical spectroscopy techniques. This method based on Fourier transformrelies on recursive local average controlled by a single parameter, managing a trade-off between tracking and estimation performance. The ability of the method to monitor the impedance over time is demonstrated on a simulator, then on a real lithium ion battery, on which a repeatability study is carried out, and finally applied to follow the impedance evolution of a drone battery during a flight.The second method based on wavelet transformis developed to deal with long-range dependence phenomena such as ion diffusion-limited reactions which occur in the battery. Battery models using electrical equivalent circuit often include Constant Phase Elements (CPE) to account for these phenomena. After compared wavelet to Fourier method on a CPE simulator thanks to a Monte Carlo procedure, the wavelet approach and its irregular time-frequency tiling appears to be an interesting method, specificaly for its minor bias error.To develop a powerful BMS, different battery indicators or parameters are then estimated from the impedance to be able to follow the state of the battery in real time and avoid damages. To optimise the use of battery the state of charge, the CPE parameters, the maximum available power and the internal temperature of the cell are estimated
Idolo, Eugenio. „Modellazione di batterie Li-ione mediante circuiti elettrici“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenTerella, Antonio. „Membrane Polimeriche Naturali elettrofilate per batterie Metallo-Aria“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenCadiou, Vincent. „Développement de matériaux d'électrodes organiques pour batterie anionique“. Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4024/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA new generation of organic batteries could partly meet the growing demand for energy storage without depleting natural resources, in contrast to current technologies. Thanks to the structural diversity of organic chemistry, new opportunities exist allowing the development of "anionic rocking chair" batteries, through the integration of p-type organic electrode materials, with the ultimate potentiality to avoid any metals. However, a limited choice of p-type organic materials is reported in the literature. The first objective of this thesis was to synthesize two p-type positive electrode materials, dilithium and magnesium 2,5-dianilinoterephthalates. Particular care has been taken to promote synthesis strategies that best integrate the principles of "green" chemistry. Single crystals of these salts, developed in water, allowed the resolution of their crystalline structure, leading to a better interpretation of their electrochemical mechanisms. In a second step, we developed polymeric p-type materials for negative electrodes called polyviologens. Usually soluble in organic carbonate type electrolyte solvents, we have modified their structures to increase their cycling behavior. The last part of this thesis consisted in optimizing the formulation of the positive and negative electrodes developed during the thesis, in order to assemble efficient "all organic" anionic batteries, which allowed to obtain a cell voltage of 0.7 V
AICHOUR, YOUCEF. „Etude et developpement de la batterie aluminium-air“. Paris 6, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA066720.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMawonou, Kodjo. „Développement d’algorithmes adaptatifs embarqués et débarqués du système de gestion batterie pour l’estimation des états de la batterie en usage automobile“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASC028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnvironmental issues are increasingly concerning to public opinion and authorities. Accordingly, Automobile manufacturers have to propose more environmental friendly vehicles. This thesis project goes to the general scope of battery-driven vehicles. The energy of the electric and hybrid vehicles is stored in batteries pack made of numerous electrochemical cells. Lithium-ion cells are the most commonly used, and are one another connected in series and parallel. These batteries packs, require an enhanced surveillance assured by a dedicated controller called Battery ManagementSystem (BMS).The first part of the work deals with computational burden reductionin the BMS when several battery cells are utilized in battery packs. To improvethe precision of batteries state of charge (SoC) estimation, we have studied and implemented a fractional order model (FOM) based state estimator for Li-ionbatteries.The second part of the study is dedicated to Li-ion batteries health management. First, new state of health (SoH) indicators were designed. Furthermore, a datadriven SoH predictor was designed using EVs data collected over time. The model training was conducted based on extracted user’s behaviors. Finally, a tool is provided for ageing factors ranking
Pellegrin, Isabelle. „Evaluation de l'activité de la Rifabutine, clarithromycine, sparfloxacine et amikacine sur mycobactérium avium complex“. Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR23005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBritz, Anette Beata [Verfasser], und Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Hempelmann. „Elektrokatalyse in der Vanadium-Redox-Fluss-Batterie und Kopplung der Redox-Fluss-Batterie mit der Brennstoffzelle / Anette Beata Britz. Betreuer: Rolf Hempelmann“. Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1081659807/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaad, Wadad. „Efficacité du MATIF : étude économétrique“. Paris 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA020019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis sets out to example, a set of techniques to test the efficteny of the financial futures market, the matif, five hypotheses are proposed that an efficient market should satisfy. Arbitrage opportunities and possibility of making porfits on the basis dependencies in the past prices are examined in terms of "nationnel" contract traded on the matif. On the basis of the results this market appears to be inefficient. In addition the forcasting ability of: the futures prices in the notionnel contract and the long interest rates in the cash market, is examined, the matif is efficient in this sens. The matif has increased the prices of the underling bonds at the bigining of the trading in this market. The analusis of the influence of the matif on the cash market shows us that the matif has stabilized the cash market in the short term and sestabilized it in the long term. Finaly, the matif has functioned well during the crash of october 1987
Fogli, Giorgia. „Caratterizzazione sperimentale dell'efficienza di batterie al gel di piombo“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/11086/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCalonaci, Luca. „Banco prova batterie al litio per applicazioni di trazione“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenHeinemann, Detlef. „Strukturen von Batterie- und Energiemanagementsystemen mit Bleibatterien und Ultracaps“. [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/tuberlin/volltexte/2007/1482.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Hage Ranine. „Etude et optimisation d'une batterie à circulation tout vanadium“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TOU30101.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research focuses on the redox flow batteries (RFBs) conception and optimization. RFBs are devices performing the electrochemical conversion of electric energy to chemical energy (to store); the reverse process allows recovering the stored energy in the form of electricity according to demand. RFBs are well adapted to energy storage from intermittent renewable energy sources. The battery studied is the all-vanadium RFB (VRFB) which was introduced in the 1980's. Owing to the nature of the electrolytes used in the VRFB, the effect of the irreversible cross-contamination, usually encountered in other RFBs such as the Fe-Cr system, is thus overcome. However, the energy density of this system remains lower than 40 Wh.kg-1 (compared to ~ 150 Wh.kg-1 for Li-ion stationary batteries) because of the low solubility (< 2 mol.L-1) of the vanadium salts in sulfuric acid, used as supporting electrolyte. An objective of this thesis is to optimize the formulation of the electrolytes in order to increase the stored energy density. This consists of: i) preparing, analyzing and characterizing the electrolytes (posolyte V(IV)/V(V) and negolyte V(II)/V(III) ), thus expecting to find their optimal composition and ii) understanding the physico-chemical phenomena occurring during the charge-discharge cycling and thus determining the laws governing these processes to overcome any eventual limitation. These aspects were studied using a classical three electrodes cell, enabling to operate with one electrochemical system at a time (the half of the battery). The presence of particles seems to negatively affect the current of the battery even if it enables to increase the stored energy density. On the another hand, the presence of carbon nanoparticles in the posolyte appears to have a beneficial effect on the current due to the increase of the electrode surface area by the formation of aggregates (electronic percolation in the suspension). This part also includes various physical measurements, such as conductivity, density, viscosity and flow rate, as well as powder characterization techniques (SEM, laser diffraction). Another objective is to conceive and elaborate a VRFB (at the laboratory scale) providing an energy density higher than 100 Wh.kg-1, and optimizing as much as possible the power density of the reactor. Mass and charge balances are performed for charge/discharge cycles, to establish correlations that link the response of the system (current, voltage, energy and reversibility) to the (influencing) operating parameters. Conversions, faradic and energy yields were evaluated and optimized
Kerzreho, Corentin. „Caractérisation et optimisation d'une batterie électromécanique sous chargement cyclique“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConvento, Giulio <1994>. „Diffusione dell’innovazione: Le batterie di accumulo in ambito domestico“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/14032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGENTILE, ANTONIO. „MXene-based materials for alkaline-ion batteries: synthesis, properties, applications“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/382748.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe ever-increasing production of portable devices and electric cars asks to the market to produce efficient devices that can store electrical energy. For these types of technologies, where device miniaturization is essential, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become leaders as energy storage systems. The research on the lithium-ion batteries is focused to obtain more performing devices with high gravimetric and volumetric capacities of the electrode materials. In addition to the technological aspect, related to the optimization of materials, there is the supply chain of active components of the battery to consider, starting from lithium. At the moment, the problem is tackled by studying batteries with other alkaline metal ions, i.e. Na+ and K+. However, there are no standardized active materials for these devices, especially on sodium-ion batteries (SIBs), started only a few years later than that of LIBs; therefore, today these technologies are intended to support the LIBs in order to satisfy the enormous market demand of the batteries for the future vehicles. The goal of this work was to develop MXene-based anode materials to obtain efficient anodes for sodium and lithium-ion batteries. MXenes are a family of inorganic transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides with a 2D structure that would seem promising for the intercalation of different ions due to a great flexibility and adaptability towards several intercalating ions. The ion intercalations occur by a pseudocapacitive mechanism whereby the materials have limited capacity, but they have great electrochemical stability over thousands of cycles and coulombic efficiencies near to 100%. The production of this material was done by HF etching of a precursor called MAX phase. This is the easiest and fastest method to obtain the material in laboratory scale, but it has many criticalities when the process has to be scale-up to industrial scale. A large part of this work was spent studying the synthetic technique to obtain MXenes for SIB by reducing or replacing HF in the chemical synthesis. The materials have been characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffractometry, electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc., and by electrochemical tests, such as cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cycling. Thanks to the 2D structure, a common use of MXene in the literature is in nanocomposite syntheses for SIBs and LIBs, in order to produce high-capacity materials, as required in the battery market. Therefore, two nanocomposites based on antimony-MXene and tin oxide-MXene tested for SIB and for LIB respectively, were synthesized. Antimony and tin oxide are two materials with high theoretical capacity when used as anodes in batteries, but at the same time, they are extremely fragile and tend to pulverize during charging and discharging processes. MXene is used as a buffer to limit or prevent cracking and separation of alloys from the electrode surface.
Schlatter, Christian. „Etude d'une batterie zinc-O₂ rechargeable selon une configuration bipolaire /“. Lausanne, 1996. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=1486.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDekkiche, Abdelillah. „Modèle de batterie générique et estimation de l'état de charge“. Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/120/1/DEKKICHE_Abdelillah.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUhlmann, Christian [Verfasser]. „Charakterisierung und Modellierung der wässrigen Lithium-Luft Batterie / Christian Uhlmann“. Karlsruhe : KIT Scientific Publishing, 2017. http://www.ksp.kit.edu.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVenturini, Niccolò. „Tecniche avanzate di bilanciamento per batterie agli ioni di litio“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenJacques, Céline. „Méthodes d'apprentissage automatique pour la transcription automatique de la batterie“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS150.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on learning methods for automatic transcription of the battery. They are based on a transcription algorithm using a non-negative decomposition method, NMD. This thesis raises two main issues: the adaptation of methods to the analyzed signal and the use of deep learning. Taking into account the information of the signal analyzed in the model can be achieved by their introduction during the decomposition steps. A first approach is to reformulate the decomposition step in a probabilistic context to facilitate the introduction of a posteriori information with methods such as SI-PLCA and statistical NMD. A second approach is to implement an adaptation strategy directly in the NMD: the application of modelable filters to the patterns to model the recording conditions or the adaptation of the learned patterns directly to the signal by applying strong constraints to preserve their physical meaning. The second approach concerns the selection of the signal segments to be analyzed. It is best to analyze segments where at least one percussive event occurs. An onset detector based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) is adapted to detect only percussive onsets. The results obtained being very interesting, the detector is trained to detect only one instrument allowing the transcription of the three main drum instruments with three CNNs. Finally, the use of a CNN multi-output is studied to transcribe the part of battery with a single network
Cugnet, Mikael Georges André. „Intégration du vieillissement à la gestion d'une batterie plomb automobile“. Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13583.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAzzoug, Yamina. „Commande de la charge d'une batterie dans une installation photovoltaïque /“. Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2008. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/30032987R.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDekkiche, Abdelillah. „Modèle de batterie générique et estimation de l'état de charge /“. Thèse, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1562979561&sid=6&Fmt=2&clientId=46962&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle"Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie de la production automatisée." "par Dekkiche, Abdelillah" -- p. de t. CaQMUQET CaQMUQET Bibliogr : f.[86]-87. Également disponible en version électronique. CaQMUQET
Azzoug, Yamina. „Commande de la charge d'une batterie dans une installation photovoltaïque“. Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2008. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1249/1/030032987.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePhan, Duong Hieu. „Sécurité et efficacité des schémas cryptographiques“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001442.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCastonguay, Mireille. „Efficacité, enseignement et formation à l'enseignement“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27875/27875.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTeachers affect strongly what their students learn. Results from value added studies are unequivocial about it. As we now know how important are the teachers to promote student achievement, we have to offer them the best preparation possible. But how to make sure that teachers are prepared the best way? What would be the elements to incorporate into a teacher preparation programs to assure its effectiveness ? In order to answer this question, we adopted the conceptual frame offered by Medley (1977). This frame aims to assess the preparation of teachers with two loops, namely validation loop and assessment loop. Our two literature reviews allowed us to link these two loops and to answer this question: The competencies aimed at in validation loop, namely practices that help students learn, are there those aimed at in the teacher preparation programs? In other words, is the preparation of tomorrow’s teachers intended to prepare them to use practices identified by research to be the most effective to help students improve their academic performance? Pedagogical practices derived from research on teacher effectiveness, proven to promote student academic performance, are not present in teacher education programs. Structured and explicit teaching, found to be the most effective by research, is disregarded in teacher education programs in benefit of constructivist teaching, identified by research to be less effective to help students learn, but perceived favourably by faculty members. Therefore, we conclude that the elements to take into account in the elaboration of an effective teacher education program would be those linked to practices identified by research to promote student learning, namely structured and explicit teaching.
Raingeard, de La Bletière Olivier. „Efficacité de la notation et régulation“. Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZahid, Abdelkahar. „La banque islamique : efficacité et contraintes“. Lille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LIL20001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe international financial scene is now experiencing a great emergence of islamic finance, in particular because of the continuous creation of new islamic banks in the four corners of the earth and of which experience so far shows the amazing dunamism of these institutions. Faced with the extent of the islamic banking phenomenon, « traditional » banks also tried to conquer this new and flourishing market. This study not only tries to explain the reasons of the foundation of such financial institutions that have their origins in Islam, but also to take stock of these bank's operations and to evaluate their efficiency, their potential and difficulties, for example, through a field study, representative of existing islamic banks as a whole, as well as their place on the national and international economic levels and in foreign aid to developing musling countries
Beaulieu-Bonneau, Simon. „Efficacité d'un auto-traitement pour l'insomnie“. Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/43313.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study investigated the effects of a cognitive-behavioral self-help intervention for insomnia. Participants were 192 adults with insomnia randomly selected from a larger epidemiological study. They were randomized to either a self-help treatment condition or a no-treatment control condition. The treatment consisted of six booklets, each covering a component of cognitive behavior therapy, mailed weekly. All participants kept a daily sleep diary for two weeks and completed several measures before, after treatment, and for a six-month follow-up. Results showed significant improvements on many sleep-related variables for the treatment condition, while the control group remained stable. Changes were maintained at follow-up. Although improvements were generally modest, there were more participants with a clinically significant sleep improvement in the treatment group than in the control group. Treatment satisfaction and compliance, as well as potential predictors of sleep changes were also assessed. These results document the benefits of a minimal intervention for insomnia with an heterogeneous sample of insomnia sufferers.
Loua, Seydou. „Efficacité interne de l’enseignement supérieur malien“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20103/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Malian higher education and notably the University of Bamako is confronted to enormous difficulties since several years. What explains these difficulties and how to make more efficient this higher education in order to heighten the levels and to make he competitive on the plan under regional and international? This question drove us to interest us to the survey of her internal efficiency. The present work is a contribution in search of factors of these difficulties and alternatives to remedy there. He tempts to clear tracks of reflection on the improvement of the conditions of work of the University of Bamako. The Faculty of the Letters, Languages, Arts and human sciences of the University of Bamako has been kept like land of research. After the documentary research for the development of a literature magazine, the preference has been given to an analysis of the exams results of two promotions of the path Sciences of the education of 2001 in the first place to 2009. In the analysis it was question of indicators as the evolution of the strengths, rate of success, abandonment, exclusion, kind, extra feature academic of the students. This analysis that concluded to a weak internal efficiency of the University of Bamako has been followed by other investigations by interviews, observations and questionnaires by a sample of students, teachers and administrators of the university. After an analysis of the data collected at the time of these investigations, we finished by a discussion of the set of the results
Delaille, Arnaud. „Développement de méthodes d'évaluation de l'état de charge et de l'état de santé des batteries utilisées dans les systèmes photovoltaïques“. Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066251.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe energy-storage is of major importance in stand alone photovoltaic (PV) systems, to adapt the energy need to its furniture. For that, the lead-acid battery (LAB) is the most often used technology because of its low investment cost, robustness, and maturity. However, its low service life compared with that of the other components of PV systems, and consequently its high life-cycle cost, makes the LAB a critical point of these systems. The evaluation of the state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-health (SOH) of LABs appears then as a necessary step to increase their lifespan with an improved management, and finally to reduce the energy-storage cost. Unfortunately, this evaluation is an ambitious task with regard to the complexity of LABs. Three approaches are presented and discussed in this manuscript. The first one is based on the development of a novel ampere-hour algorithm. The second one consists in the measurement of impedance parameters, especially at high frequencies. Finally, the third one consists in the study of a phenomenon proper to LABs and known in the literature as the “coup de fouet”
Baldassarro, Luigi. „Studio sul Cobalto Nitroprussiato come Materiale Attivo Elettrodico per Batterie Secondarie“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15845/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZimmermann, Christine. „Innovative Diagnostik der Leistungsmotivation computergestützte Anwendung der Konstanzer Erfolgs-Misserfolgs-Batterie“. Hamburg Kovač, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988939118/04.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleShi, Lei [Verfasser]. „Untersuchung von mechanisch beanspruchten Elektroden für Lithium-Ionen-Batterie / Lei Shi“. München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162767510/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWalder, Georg [Verfasser]. „Adaptive, zellindividuelle Zustandsbestimmung in einem modularen Batterie-Management-System / Georg Walder“. München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1162767685/34.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMadaro, Francesco. „Simulazione del test di accelerazione e vibrazione di un pacco batterie“. Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenKuntz, Pierre. „Evolution du comportement sécuritaire de batterie lithium-ion pendant leur vieillissement“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI069.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLithium-ion battery technology is more and more widespread due to its high energy density and good cycleability. Today electric vehicles runs with Lithium-ion technologies. Despite Lithium-ion technology has numerous advantages, it has been proved that lithium-ion battery are the cause of many accidental car fires. Thereby battery safety is a key issue to continue to develop more performant and enduring vehicle, but also to ensure the user’s safety. Depending on the condition of use, different aging mechanisms inside the cell could be activated and induce physical and chemical modifications of the internal components. Therefore, aging of a cell has a strong influence on its safety behavior. Three references of commercial 18650-type lithium-ion cells are investigated using BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) representative aging at various temperatures (-20°C, 0°C, 25°C, 45°C) according to the international standard IEC 62-660. Ante-mortem and post-mortem analyses (half coin cell at the electrode level, SEM, EDX, GD-OES, XRD, GCMS, DSC, FTIR…) are performed on internal components in order to identify clearly, which aging mechanism occurs in accordance to the cell characteristics and the aging conditions. Then safety test are performed (ARC, short-circuit and overcharge) to evaluate the safety behavior of each cell. By comparing safety behavior of fresh cell vs. aged cells, it will be possible to understand the impact of each aging mechanism on cell safety behavior
Michelet, Cédric. „Recherche exploratoire de nouveaux matériaux d'électrode négative pour batterie sodium-ion“. Nantes, 2014. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=d046bc78-38d0-480a-9562-5ec81ce5bca2.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLithium-ion batteries have become essential in recent years. Due to both the difficult access and the cost of the alkaline element, a new field of research concerning sodium-ion batteries has recently emerged. Among the major challenges inherent to this new battery type, the aim of the work developed during this PhD thesis is to explore new negative electrode materials. Two material types have been studied: metallic tin, and the chalcogenides AV4S8 (A=Ga, Ge). Tin was obtained with dense or dendritic form by electrolchemical deposition. In sodium-ion battery, this material presents interesting properties since during the first discharge, a specific capacity of 1 Ah/g at a working potential below 0. 6 V relative to Na+/Na0 can be obtained. However, a volume expansion of 350% during the sodiation causes a significant capacity loss, which is under 100 mAh/g after around ten cycles. The AV4S8 chalcogenides (A = Ga, Ge) have been the main subject of this PhD thesis. The reaction mechanism with sodium, close to a conversion mechanism, has been studied by in situ X -ray diffraction, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy in order to observe the oxidation number evolution of the elements involved in the reaction with sodium. These materials exhibit remarkable electrochemical properties, with an initial specific capacity of more than 800 mAh/g at low potential with excellent capacity retention upon cycling
Zimmermann, Christine. „Innovative Diagnostik der Leistungsmotivation : computergestützte Anwendung der Konstanzer Erfolgs-Misserfolgs-Batterie /“. Hamburg : Kovac, 2008. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz282529659cov.htm.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStörzbach, Andreas. „Emulation mobiler Geräte: Integration eines Batteriemodells“. [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11144231.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSchley, Julia [Verfasser], und Rolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Hempelmann. „Untersuchung alternativer Elektrolyte und Membranen für die Vanadium-Redox-Flow-Batterie sowie die Kopplung der Batterie mit der photoelektrochemischen Wasserspaltung / Julia Schley (geb. Baumgarten) ; Betreuer: Rolf Hempelmann“. Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1154438295/34.
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