Thematische Bibliographien / Effet Gorsky

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Effet Gorsky“

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Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Effet Gorsky"

Grevtsova, S. A., E. I. Rekhviashvili, M. K. Ailyarova, M. Yu Kabulova und I. E. Soldatova. „BIOTECHNOLOGY OF PRODUCTION OF YEAST-FREE BREAD USING THE LOCAL STREPTOCOCCUS THERMOPHILUS STRAIN BREEDED BY GORSK GAU AND WILD HOP IN RNO-ALANIA“. Innovations and Food Safety, Nr. 4 (20.03.2021): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31677/2072-6724-2020-30-4-28-34.

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The modern food industry offers the consumer bread baked with sourdough using various biologically active components of plant origin. In the production of yeast-free bread, it is advisable to use a sourdough from biologically active strains of Streptococcus thermophilus selected by the Gorsk State Agricultural University. The authors have compiled a starter culture from local strains of lactic acid microorganisms selected by the Research Institute of Biotechnology of the Gorsky State Agrarian University. Research was carried out at the Department of Biological and Chemical Technology of the Gorsky State Agrarian University. We also used cones of wild-growing hops from the botanical garden of the Gorsky State Agrarian University in order that the bitter acids present in the hops suppress the putrefactive microflora, do not have a detrimental effect on local strains of lactic acid microorganisms and allow increasing the productivity of the hop starter culture. Yeast-free bread is easily absorbed by the body, does not harm the intestinal microflora, retains useful properties during storage. The flour used in the experiment met the requirements of GOST 26574–85. When using wild-growing hops in the production of bread, useful substances included in its composition were determined that could increase the quality and safety of bread. The content of alpha acids was 6.0%, and that of essential oils was 0.7%, which corresponds to GOST 32912–2014. We used two strains of a lactic acid microorganism of local selection – Streptococcus thermophilus. Hops were extracted for 30 min at a temperature of 96 °C. Laboratory baking of bread was carried out in accordance with GOST 27669–88. Studies have shown that bread prepared using a local strain of Streptococcus thermophilus selected by the Gorsky State Agricultural University and wild-growing hops is of high quality.

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Sinning, H. R. „The intercrystalline Gorsky effect“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 370, Nr. 1-2 (April 2004): 109–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.091.

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Mugishima, T., M. Yamada und O. Yoshinari. „Gorsky effect in Ta–O–H alloys“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 442, Nr. 1-2 (Dezember 2006): 114–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.03.121.

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Mizubayashi, H., S. Odai und S. Okuda. „Hydrogen Gorsky effect in amorphous Cu50 Ti50“. Acta Metallurgica et Materialia 42, Nr. 2 (Februar 1994): 561–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-7151(94)90510-x.

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Gulati, Mitu, und Ugo Panizza. „The Hausmann–Gorky Effect“. Journal of Business Ethics 166, Nr. 1 (02.03.2019): 175–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-019-04132-9.

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Kandasamy, K. „Important Gorsky effect influences on diffusion coefficients in metal–hydrogen systems“. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 24, Nr. 8 (August 1999): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0360-3199(98)00125-6.

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Verbruggen, A. H., R. C. van den Heuvel, R. Griessen und H. U. Künzi. „Gorsky effect measurements on amorphous Pd80Si20HX between 290 and 490 K“. Scripta Metallurgica 19, Nr. 3 (März 1985): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(85)90323-0.

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Lewis, F. A., X. Q. Tong und R. V. Bucur. „Permeation of Hydrogen through Palladium-Silver Membranes“. Platinum Metals Review 35, Nr. 3 (01.07.1991): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1595/003214091x353138140.

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The hydrogen content gradients that occur during hydrogen permeation through palladium-silver membranes produce complementary strain gradients of lattice expansion, which induce opposing Gorsky Effect components of Diffusion Flux. A body of observations of related “uphill effects” and allied diffusion phenomena have recently been studied, using sheet and tube membranes; these phenomena have been correlated with hydrogen pressure-hydrogen content relationships of the Pd77Ag23Hn system.

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Mugishima, T., M. Yamada und O. Yoshinari. „Study of hydrogen diffusion in Nb–Ta alloys by Gorsky effect measurement“. Materials Science and Engineering: A 442, Nr. 1-2 (Dezember 2006): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.03.128.

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Lewis, F. A., und X. Q. Tong. „Gorsky effect origins of uphill hydrogen diffusion in Pd81Pt19, Pd77Ag23 and palladium membranes“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 179, Nr. 1-2 (Februar 1992): L13—L19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388(92)90195-f.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Effet Gorsky"

Anjum, Taseer. „Nanomechanics : mechanical response analysis of semiconductor GaAs nanowires by using finite element method and x-ray diffraction techniques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0173.

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Au cours des deux dernières décennies, d’énormes progrès ont été réalisés dans la miniaturisation des dispositifs optoélectroniques et des systèmes nanoélectromécaniques à base de capteurs grâce à l'intégration de nanofils quasi unidimensionnels. Le présent travail porte sur l'analyse de la réponse mécanique de nanofils GaAs semi-conducteurs préparés sur un substrat de silicium par épitaxie par jet moléculaire. Le comportement mécanique du nanofil est caractérisé par des essais de flexion in situ dans un MEB et en combinaison avec la diffraction des rayons X. L'objectif de ce travail est d'identifier le mécanisme responsable de la relaxation anélastique qui a été observée après des essais de flexion ou flexion ou de flambage effectués sur des nanofils de GaAs dopés avec du Be. La déformation anélastique est quantifiée en utilisant un algorithme de corrélation d'images numériques. L'accord entre les simulations FEM et les données mesurées montre que la relaxation anélastique peut être attribuée à l’ effet Gorsky dans les nanofils, c’est à dire au couplage entre la diffusion des défauts ponctuels et le gradient de contrainte. Les nanofils de GaAs dopé avec du Be ont été sollicités in situ en flexion latérale trois points en utilisant SFINX et la XRD sur la ligne de lumière P23 à PETRA III. La flexion a été induite dans les nanofils par le mouvement latéral de la pointe du SFINX. Les nanofils présentent une déformation élastique, une déformation plastique et une relaxation anélastique dépendant du temps. La relaxation anélastique donne lieu à un coefficient de diffusion de 2.71 x 10 puissance -13 cm puissance 2 et est en accord avec un effet Gorsky
During the last two decades, tremendous advances have been made in the miniaturization of opto-electronic devices and sensor-based nano-electromechanical systems by the integration of quasi one-dimensional nanowires. The present work focuses on the mechanical response analysis of semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) nanowires grown on silicon substrate via molecular beam epitaxy. The mechanical behavior of the nanowires is characterized via in-situ bending tests in a scanning electron microscope and in combination with x-ray diffraction. The aim of this work is to identify the anelastic strain relaxation of the nanowires which was observed as a direct consequence of cantilever bending tests and buckling tests on free standing Be-doped GaAs nanowires. The anelastic strain is derived by using a digital image correlation algorithm. The agreement between FEM simulations and measured data conclusively relate the anelastic relaxation in the investigated nanowires to the Gorsky effect, i.e. the coupling between point defects diffusion and stress gradient. Be doped GaAs nanowires are further examined in the lateral three-point bending configuration by employing the Scanning Force Microscope for in situ Nanofocused X-ray diffraction (SFINX) and x-ray diffraction at beamline P23 at PETRA III. The bending of the nanowires was induced by the lateral movement of the tip of SFINX . The nanowires demonstrate elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and time-dependent anelastic relaxation. The anelastic relaxation yields a diffusion coefficient of 2.71 x 10 puissance -13 cm puissance 2 and is consistent with a Gorsky effect

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Tong, Xiu Qiang. „Lattice strain induced (Gorsky effect) diffusion of hydrogen in palladium and palladium alloys“. Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.334683.

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Bücher zum Thema "Effet Gorsky"

Matsumoto, Masanori. Nihon-teki keiei to "gorika". Chuo Daigaku Shuppanbu, 1993.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Effet Gorsky"

„Thermodynamics of Ordering“. In Thermodynamics of Microstructures, 197–223. ASM International, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.tm.t52320197.

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Abstract This chapter covers the analytical methods developed to characterize ordering phenomena in crystal structures. The chapter gives examples of ordering phenomena and discusses models for long-range ordering, such as the Bragg-Williams-Gorsky (B-W-G) model, and for short-range ordering. Examples of ordering and phase separation due to ordering by the B-W-G model are described. The chapter includes an appendix covering the effect of phase separation inversion type.

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Verbruggen, A. H., R. C. van den Heuvel, R. Griessen und H. U. Künzi. „GORSKY EFFECT MEASUREMENTS ON AMORPHOUS Pd80Si20Hx BETWEEN 290 AND 490 K“. In Perspectives in Hydrogen in Metals, 323–28. Elsevier, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-034813-1.50047-4.

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Melnik, Katharine O., Andres Valencia, Dennis Pau, Andy Park, Marwan Katurji, Daniel Nilsson, Greg Baker, Oleg M. Melnik, Grant Pearce6 und Tara Strand. „Experimental evaluation of bench-scale flammability of Ulex europaeus using a cone calorimeter“. In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1462–68. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_223.

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Wildfires have been causing considerable damage worldwide, and improving the ability to predict wildfire behaviour will ensure effective emergency response and keep ecosystems and communities safe. Increasing the understanding of factors affecting vegetation flammability is necessary for improving fire behaviour prediction models. This work investigates the influence of moisture content on the flammability of live and dead needles (0-3mm), twigs (3.1-6mm) and stems (6.1-10mm) of gorse (Ulex europaeus L.). Gorse is a shrub invasive in New Zealand, Chile and Western United States. In these countries, gorse poses a fire risk to nearby communities, as it contains flammable volatile resins, accumulates a substantial amount of elevated dead material, and grows in large masses, all of which promote fire ignition and growth. Gorse flammability was quantified with a bench-scale oxygen consumption calorimeter (cone calorimeter) with a focus on heat release rate. Supporting tests were performed on small sub-samples using simultaneous thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to assess material-scale pyrolysis dynamics, providing fine scale information on the thermal degradation of each tissue type at the particle level. The experimental methodology included investigation of the maximum moisture content at which each tissue type can ignite at 50 kW/m2, which is a reasonable approximation of the heat flux at the vegetation surface during fire front arrival in a shrub fire. Six moisture content levels from zero to the highest ignitable moisture content were then selected, and samples were placed into a climate chamber to set the moisture content of the samples to the desired level. Three replicates of each tissue type were tested in a cone calorimeter at each moisture content. Flammability was assessed based on the heat release rate, effective heat of combustion, mass loss rate, time to ignition and flaming duration. Additionally, a small sub-sample of fresh live and dead needles, twigs and stems was analysed in the TGA/DSC apparatus. TGA/DSC results showed a different thermal degradation mechanism between dried live and dead fuel, with live tissue being more flammable than dead. However, the pyrolysis dynamics were not substantially affected by particle size, suggesting that the differences in flammability attributes measured in the cone calorimeter are likely driven by physical characteristics such as surface-area-to-volume ratio rather than chemical composition. The results of this work contribute to the understanding of gorse flammability and the effect of moisture content and fuel structure on fire behaviour.

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Zabkiewicz, J. A., und R. E. Gaskin. „Effect of Adjuvants on Uptake and Translocation of Glyphosate in Gorse (Ulex Europaeus L.)“. In Adjuvants and Agrochemicals, 141–49. CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351069489-14.

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Towlson, Jon. „“Sick or Subtle?”: Critical Reception and Audience Consumption“. In Dawn of the Dead, 85–100. Liverpool University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800856370.003.0006.

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This chapter details Dawn of the Dead’s reception by film critics and audiences. Romero was harshly criticised by many (including Janet Maslin and Pauline Kael) who felt that Dawn of the Dead ‘desensitised’ viewers to violence. A number of early criticisms concentrated on the violence, and the effect this appeared to have on some members of the audience. These criticisms keyed into media effects debates that seemed to preoccupy the media regulators. The film itself came second to a broader discussion of screen violence – or was dismissed altogether because of its violence. The chapter goes on to discuss how controversy over Dawn of the Dead’s violence has receded over the years and critics now tend to focus on the satirical aspects of the film. The gore of Dawn of the Dead has become commonplace to the genre; its shock/controversy factor has been lost, which has led to the film becoming less polarising for critics and audiences. But the violent extremity of Dawn of the Dead has, in the past, been seen by many as problematic, just as its gory excess has contributed to its cult status amongst audiences.

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Crepeau, Richard C. „Labor Conflict“. In NFL Football, 135–52. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043581.003.0009.

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Two things affected early labor relations in the NFL, a unified ownership hostile to unions and the paternal character of the coach and player relationship. NFL salaries dropped after the merger with the AAFC and stayed depressed in the 1950s. There was an attempt to form a union led by Dante Lavelli of the Browns and Creighton Miller that was basically a failure. While the NFL was losing in court in the Radovich Case and failing to get an anti-trust exemption, NFL Commissioner Bert Bell maneuvered around the NFLPA and the House Judiciary Committee. The coming of the American Football League and Commissioner Pete Rozelle in the Sixties changed the relationship between the NFL and the players. Rozelle fought against the NFLPA under its various leaders, with some success by among other things violating labor law. Bernie Parrish, John Gordy, and John Mackey in turn led the NFLPA with various lawyers serving as director. The coming of Ed Garvey as council and subsequently Executive Director, working with John Mackey, resulted in a major conflict between the NFL and the NFLPA. Several strikes were called and failed and in effect the NFL defeated the NFLPA. Then the players disbanded the NFLPA and turned to the courts for redress where they had some success. The Mackey Case and subsequent collective bargaining agreements were landmarks along the way, but in the end success only came in the courts. Ed Garvey emerged as the prime villain and was under constant attack from the NFL, and in the end he was undermined by the League and by his own errors and resigned his position. For the most part the press supported the NFL against the players and helped turn the fans against the players. Labor turmoil continued and Commissioner Rozelle was incapable of achieving a labor settlement, while Garvey alienated the owners and some of the players. Both had to go before a settlement could be reached. Garvey resigned in June of 1982 following the failed strike. One more strike in 1987 led to Pete Rozelle’s retirement as he was tired of the struggle. The use of strike breakers moved some of the press away from ownership but again the strike failed. When the NFLPA went to court again they found that the courts would not allow them to sue because they were suing over a bargained issue. The result was a decision to decertify the NFLPA and then return to court to sue as individuals. This is where things stood as the Search Committee began looking for a new Commissioner.

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Kushnerenko, Vladyslav, und Andrey Andreychenko. „GREENING OF INDUSTRIAL POULTRY TERRITORIES AS ONE OF THE WAYS OF REDUCING THE NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT“. In Traditions and new scientific strategies in the context of global transformation of society. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-406-1-7.

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In the area of operation of large poultry farms, atmospheric air can be polluted by microorganisms, dust, bad organic compounds that are products of decomposition of organic waste, as well as oxides of nitrogen, sulfur, and carbon. The epizootic process in conditions of intensive poultry farming is distinguished by the fact that even weakly virulent and conditionally pathogenic microflora, as a result of recirculation and frequent changes of generations, can increase virulence properties and create a serious epizootic and epidemiological threat. The purpose of the work is to demonstrate greening of industrial poultry farms as one of the ways to reduce the negative impact on the natural environment. The presented material in the work: systematization of achievements in theory and practical application of green plantings to prevent environmental pollution using various options for improving the territories of poultry enterprises. The research methodology is based on general research methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, observation and abstraction, which systematize the achievements of the theory and practice of modeling systems of various nature in the natural sciences and, in particular, in animal husbandry and plant breeding. As a result of research and experiments, the expediency and effectiveness of using green plantings, which have a great deodorizing ability – retain and absorb gases, have been theoretically and practically substantiated. The positive effect of greenery on physiological indicators (thermoregulation, oxidation processes) and animal productivity has been practically established. The dustiness of the air under the trees is less than in the open area: in May by 20%, in June by 21.8%, in July by 34.1%, in August by 27.7% and in September by 38.7%. During the entire growing season, the average concentration of dust in the open area was 0.9 mg/m3 of air, and under trees – 0.52 mg/m3 of air, i.e. 42.2% less. The most gas-resistant trees and shrubs are: Pennsylvania maple, sycamore, Manchurian hazel, three-spined gorse, gooseberry (all species), common ivy, Cossack juniper, Canadian and Daur moonseed, large-leaved poplar, gray poplar, Canadian poplar, pomegranate, ailant the highest, white acacia, amorphous shrub, pinnate birch, common privet, white mulberry. By alternating plantations with open areas around the places of emission of harmful gases, it is possible to significantly increase the ventilation of the territory in the vertical direction. In a hot climate, green spaces provide protection from dry and dusty winds and at the same time contribute to airing the territory of the enterprise, cleaning its atmosphere from harmful pollutants. Value/originality. The effectiveness of the proposed method of preventing environmental pollution provides new opportunities for poultry enterprises in the preservation of ecosystems and sustainable development of territories. Measures for the protection of atmospheric air should be carried out on the basis of widely distributed research works devoted to the study of the quantitative concentration of pollutants entering the atmosphere and the distance of their spread.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Effet Gorsky"

Renaud, G., J. G. Bosch, A. F. W. van der Steen und N. de Jong. „The Luxembourg-Gorky effect for in vitro characterization of lipid-coated microbubbles“. In 2010 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ultsym.2010.5935699.

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Trojniar, T., A. Klepka, L. Pieczonka und W. J. Staszewski. „Fatigue crack detection using nonlinear vibro-acoustic cross-modulations based on the Luxemburg-Gorky effect“. In SPIE Smart Structures and Materials + Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, herausgegeben von Tribikram Kundu. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2046471.

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Bellocq, Pablo, Inaki Garmendia und Vishal Sethi. „Preliminary Design Assessments of Pusher Geared Counter-Rotating Open Rotors: Part II — Impact of Low Pressure System Design on Mission Fuel Burn, Certification Noise and Emissions“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43816.

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In this 2-part publication, the impact of the main low pressure system parameters of a counter rotating Geared Open Rotor (GOR) on mission fuel burn, certification noise and emissions is presented for a 160 PAX medium haul class aircraft. Due to their high propulsive efficiency, GORs have the potential to significantly reduce fuel consumption and emissions relative to conventional high bypass ratio turbofans. However, this novel engine architecture presents many design and operational challenges both at engine and aircraft level. The assessment of the impact of the main low pressure preliminary design parameters of GORs on mission fuel burn, certification noise and emissions is necessary at preliminary design stages in order to identify optimum design regions. These assessments may also aid the development process when compromises need to be performed as a consequence of design, operational or regulatory constraints. Part I of this two-part publication describes the main low pressure (LP) system design choices for a GOR as well as the preliminary design philosophy and simulation framework developed for the assessments. Part II presents the assessment studies. A fixed reference aircraft and mission were used to evaluate the different GOR engine designs. The results are presented in the form of 1-D or 2-D plots in which one or two design parameters are varied at the same time. The changes in mission fuel burn, certification noise and emissions are expressed as differences relative to a baseline design, due to the fact that preliminary design tools were used for the assessments. The main conclusions of the study are: • Increasing spacing between the propellers (from 0.65 to 1.3m) reduces noise significantly (∼6 EPNdB for each certification point) with a relatively small fuel burn penalty (∼0.3–0.5%) • Relative to unclipped designs, 20% clipped CRPs reduce flyover noise by at least 2.5 EPNdB and approach noise by at least 4.5 EPNdB. The corresponding fuel burn penalty is ∼2%. • Sideline and flyover noise can be reduced by increasing the diameter of the CRP and appropriately controlling CRP rotational speeds. Approach noise can be reduced by either reducing the diameters or the rotational speeds of the propellers. • Regardless of clipping, reducing the rotational speed of the rear propeller relative to the forward propeller reduces noise and, to a certain limit, also mission fuel burn. Further reductions in rotational speed would have an adverse effect on fuel burn. • For given rotational speeds of the propellers, the torque ratio of the gearbox is fixed within ±3%.

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Nwosu, Jazzpin-Cross Chiemerie. „Carbon Capture, Utilisation & Storage in Offshore Facilities“. In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210805-ms.

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Abstract A group of technological procedures known as "carbon capture and storage" involve transferring and injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) that has been captured from industrial waste gases into geological formations. The acronym CCUS, or carbon capture, utilization, and storage, is a key technique for reducing emissions that can be used across the energy system. Meeting the fluctuating need for energy while reducing the harmful effects on the environment are two challenges faced by oil and gas production in floating, production, storage, and offloading (FPSO)units. The most crucial operational parameters to reduce energy demand, boost efficiency, and enhance production are identified in this study through the integration of screening analysis and thermodynamic analysis of oil and gas processing plants. Therefore, the primary objectives of this work are to determine how much the operational parameters of an FPSO with carbon capture, use, and storage (CCUS) contribute to the overall effect. The input parameters for the sensitivity analysis are chosen from some thermodynamic and structural design variables. To accomplish the objectives, four machine learning-based screening analysis algorithms—Linear Regression, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM) are used. The impact of three actual crude oil compositions with different GORs and CO2 contents is evaluated. The optimal operating pressure settings of CCS greatly minimize the energy consumption and exergy destruction of the main and utility plants, according to a combination of thermodynamic and screening evaluations. The findings also showed that while the total oil output is solely affected by the GOR content, the total power consumption, CCS efficiency, and CCS power consumption are all significantly more sensitive to the fluid reservoir's CO2 content than GOR. The impact of design variable interactions is also critical in affecting the separation efficiency and/or compression unit performance for situations with high CO2 or GOR content.

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Fu, Q., J. S. Tsau, D. Mohrbacher, J. Zaghloul, A. Baldwin, M. Alhajeri und R. Barati. „Sensitivity Analysis of Diffusion-Based Hydrocarbon Gas Huff-n-Puff Injection in Eagle Ford Shale“. In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216657-ms.

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Abstract The utilization of hydrocarbon gas in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes offers two significant advantages: an increase in the recovery factor and a reduction in net emissions. Through core-scale experimental and numerical investigations, effective diffusion coefficients for single-phase and cross-phase behavior were determined by Fu et al. (2021), enabling their application in larger-scale predictions. [1] The primary objectives of this study are to 1) better understand the impact of upscaling from core-scale to field-scale simulations; 2) verify the effect of diffusion mechanism during huff-n-puff by history matching a model for a single well pilot; and 3) conduct a comprehensive sensitivity analysis and optimization of the recovery factor for huff-n-puff schedule, taking into account fracture spacing and injection-production patterns in both the dead and live oil windows of the Eagle Ford formation. The fluids in place in the Eagle Ford shale show a wide range of GORs, with hydrocarbon maturities ranging from black oil to lean gas condensates, [2] therefore, both live and dead oil regions are investigated in this study. Two compositional models, incorporating dual porosity and dual permeability characteristics, were constructed using the Petrel software. The first model replicated a huff-n-puff field pilot study reported by Orozco et al. (2020) in the Eagle Ford [3] and consisted of one well with the well length of 6,240 ft and 26 hydraulic fracture stages. The second model encompassed a single stage of eleven horizontal wells, designed according to the field blueprint reported by Baldwin et al. (2020). [4] Within this model, six wells were allocated for injection and production during the huff-n-puff cycles, four were used as containment wells, and one functioned as a monitoring well at the center of all eleven wells. The well spacing was set at 1000 ft, with the first stage of each well measuring 220 ft in length, and each well containing 10 hydraulic fractures. These fractures were spaced 20 ft apart (cluster spacing), with a height of 100 ft, and a half-length of 500 ft. Once the pilot well's primary and huff-n-puff oil production rate was history matched, the same reservoir properties, including matrix and natural-fracture porosity, permeability, natural fracture spacing, and relative permeability, were applied to the eleven-well model. Both models employed history-matched effective diffusion coefficients and a tuned equation of state fluid model to fluid samples collected and analyzed for the Eagle Ford formation. [5, 1] Results show that models including the diffusion mechanism had a 2.2% higher oil recovery factor compared to those that did not include diffusion after five cycles of huff-n-puff. The sensitivity analysis on hydraulic fracture spacing showed that smaller fracture spacing creates larger contact surface area between the matrix and fracture, promoting the diffusion mechanism and facilitating higher oil recoveries. The sensitivity analysis also revealed that depletion level on the producer before starting Huff n Puff also had an impact on recovery efficiency. Producing a well on primary production for 6 years and then implementing huff-n-puff yielded the most oil cumulative produced. If the huff-n-puff cycle was delayed to 10 years after initial production, cumulative values were lower than at the 6-year mark due to depletion effects and difficulties in re-pressurizing the formation. The sensitivity analysis on the "puff" production period suggested that longer production times delayed the speed of oil production, but resulted in higher oil production after completing six cycles of huff-n-puff. Further sensitivity analysis on the length of the soaking period suggested that longer soaking times delayed oil production and did not contribute significantly to oil production. These parameters’ effects on cumulative oil production and reservoir pressure were analyzed to determine the optimal approach for field application. Investigations on using different injection gases such as CO2, y-grade, and lean gas for dead oil and live oil systems rank the best injectants for maximizing oil production in the following order: y-grade > CO2 ≈ hydrocarbon gas > lean gas. The findings of this study provide a deeper understanding of upscaling considerations and offer recommendations for huff-n-puff pilot designs in the Eagle Ford formation.

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