Thematische Bibliographien / Effect of spray paints

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Effect of spray paints“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 29. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 6. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Marel, Christina. "Substituting Reduced-Toxicity Spray Paints for Aromatic Spray Paints and the Effect on Suspicious Sales." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 21, no. 3 (2010): 401–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.2010.12035857.

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Erkmen, Jülide. "Patterns in hammertone paints." Pigment & Resin Technology 45, no. 6 (2016): 456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2015-0067.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine required paint and silicone proportions, their mixing rate and duration to eliminate the pattern problems caused by the misuse of silicone polymers in hammertone paints. Results of the findings aim at preventing raw material, manufacturing time and labour losses in hammertone paint production. Design/methodology/approach A paint formulation produced commercially was used. The effects of silicone proportion and mixing rate and paint and pigment density on the pattern formation within the paints, to which the spray painting method was applied, were investigated. Brightness controls of the produced paints were done, and the effect of the additive polymer on brightness was investigated. Photographs of paints for each practice were taken. Findings The most suitable silicone proportion and mixing conditions for the silver grey paints, in which Al non-leafing pigments were used, were calculated as 0.034-0.036 g/kg-paint and 15 s at 200 rpm, respectively. It was observed that the increase in pigment density increased required silicone proportion for the desired pattern. It was determined that mixing rate and duration were very significant in pattern formation, and that silicone decomposed and the pattern was disrupted in long-continued mixings. In addition, excess silicone use disrupted the pattern and decreased the paint brightness. Research limitations/implications This research was conducted for hammertone paints, which are industrial and self-patterned aluminium silvered decorative paints. The results can be used for hammertone paint production. Practical implications The results will enable manufacturers to produce hammertone paints more economically. Results can be used in the paint industry to produce such paint. Originality/value It is crucial to produce high-quality products using less raw materials in today’s industry, where the amount of raw materials is decreasing, and economical and reliable production is becoming increasingly important. When environmental impacts in the solvent-based paint industry are taken into consideration, paint production in shorter times is important for both workers’ and environmental health. As a result of this study, hammertone paints will be produced more economically by appropriate production conditions yet without any energy, raw material and time loss.

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Elsner, C. I., and A. R. Di Sarli. "Comparison Between Electrochemical Impedance and Salt Spray Tests in Evaluating the Barrier Effect of Epoxy Paints." Journal Of The Brazilian Chemical Society 5, no. 1 (1994): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.19940003.

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Neto, Elsa, Ana Souto, Aires Camões, Arlindo Begonha, and Paulo Cachim. "Effects of Anti-Graffiti Protection on Concrete Durability." Key Engineering Materials 634 (December 2014): 517–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.634.517.

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The heritage of fair-faced concrete, largely built in the twentieth century and nowadays recognized as heritage to be protected, is susceptible to attacks by graffiti, a form of vandalism that causes a major social and economic impact on society. Concrete is a porous material sometimes deteriorated over the years, and the interactions between the inks and the substrate and removal methods sometimes deteriorate or alter the concrete surface, especially if it is necessary to repeat the removal process. The anti-graffiti products are applied on the surface of the concrete, hindering the adhesion of paints or preventing its penetration into the pores of concrete, which in turn facilitates their removal. However, it appears that many of the existing protective products on the market may also alter the surface characteristics of the concrete irreversibly. Considering that the durability of concrete depends on the composition and characteristics of the surface, it is essential to know the effects of anti-graffiti protection systems on the durability of concrete and adopt the appropriate methodology to preserve this heritage. Thus, an experimental program was developed for analyzing changes in durability indicators and surface properties that protect concrete from deterioration (i) concrete without protection before and after application of spray paint, (ii) concrete with protection before and after application of spray paint and (iii) after paint removal were studied. Two anti-graffiti products were evaluated: a permanent and a sacrificial one. Effects of the anti-graffiti systems on the concrete durability are investigated and the tests performed include: water absorption by capillary and immersion at atmospheric pressure. The results of the water absorption tests show that the graffiti protection reduces the water absorption into the concrete and facilitates the removal of the graffiti without affecting negatively the characteristics of the surface and thus contributing to improve its durability.

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Wang, Yin-An, Xiao-Peng Xie, and Xiao-Hui Lu. "Design of a Double-Nozzle Air Spray Gun and Numerical Research in the Interference Spray Flow Field." Coatings 10, no. 5 (2020): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050475.

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Spray painting robots equipped with air spray guns have been widely used in the painting industry. In view of the low efficiency of single-nozzle air spray guns when spraying large targets, a new double-nozzle air spray gun structure was designed in this paper based on the Coanda effect of double jets. Firstly, a 3-D physical model of the double-nozzle air spray gun was built in Solidworks, in which unstructured grids were generated for the computational domain by ICEM. Secondly, the spray painting process was numerically modeled with the help of the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software ANSYS-Fluent 16.0. The two-phase spray flow was calculated by coupling a discrete phase model (DPM) and the Taylor analogy breakup (TAB) method. The TAB model was applied to predict the secondary break-up. The DPM model was applied to predict the droplet trajectories. The geometry of an air spray gun has a significant influence on the spray flow field characteristics. The influence of the air spray gun geometry on the interference spray flow field characteristics and coating film thickness distribution were investigated by changing the values of the distance between the centers of the two paint holes (L) and the angle between the axes of the two paint holes (θ). Numerical results show that the smaller L and θ are, the stronger the interference effect between the two jets, while the more concentrated the paint is in the central region of the target surface, the easier it is for overspray to occur. With increasing L and θ, the interference effect gradually decreased and the extension distance of the coating film along the x-axis gradually increased. However, if L and θ are too large, the interference effect will become too weak and the shape of the coating film will become a concave, with more paint on both side regions and less paint in the central region, which will cause an uneven coating film. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that a more uniform coating film can be obtained when L = 30 mm and θ = 10°. The effective coating width of the double-nozzle air spray gun was increased by 85.7% compared with the single-nozzle air spray gun, which improved the spraying efficiency.

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Rossi, Stefano, and Michele Fedel. "Thermal behaviour and weathering resistance of coil coatings for energy-efficient buildings." E3S Web of Conferences 172 (2020): 23006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017223006.

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In recent years, the aspects of energy-savings in buildings have become increasingly important. Coil coatings are frequently used for roof and façade construction in order to reduce the cost, the building time and the maintenance. In recent years different near infrared (NIR) reflectivity pigments have been developed to increase the capability of paint to reflect the sun’s radiation thus minimizing the amount of energy absorbed by the building. Coil coatings containing both traditional and NIR pigments are considered for the assessment of their thermal behaviour. The same painted system produced by three different producers was considered. Using a small scale house model, a W-IR emitting lamp and thermocouples, the amount of energy absorbed by the painted metallic coupons has been evaluated in order to assess the efficiency of the different pigments under investigation. To evaluate effect of ageing, all the different samples were subjected to five accelerated degradation cycles consisting in 168 h of UV-B irradiation followed by 168 h of salt spray exposure. The thermal properties of samples were collected. The cool pigments resulted effective to decrease the heat absorbance (difference between standard and NIR paints up to 18°C). The thermal properties were found not to be affected by degradation.

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Mora, J., P. García, R. Muelas, and A. Agüero. "Hard Quasicrystalline Coatings Deposited by HVOF Thermal Spray to Reduce Ice Accretion in Aero-Structures Components." Coatings 10, no. 3 (2020): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10030290.

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Weather hazards, in particular icing conditions, are an important contributing factor in aviation accidents and incidents worldwide. Many different anti-icing strategies are currently being explored to find suitable long-lasting solutions, such as surface engineering, which can contribute to reduce ice accumulation. Quasicrystals (QCs) are metallic materials, but with similar properties to those of ceramic materials, such as low thermal and electrical conductivities, and high hardness. In particular, QCs that have low surface energy are commercially used as coatings to replace polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), also known as Teflon, on frying pans, as they do not scratch easily. PTFE exhibits excellent anti-wetting and anti-icing properties and therefore QCs appear as good candidates to be employed as ice-phobic coatings. Al-based QCs have been applied by High Velocity Oxyfuel (HVOF) thermal spray on typically used aeronautic materials, such as Ti and Al alloys, as well as steels. The coatings have been characterized and evaluated, including the measurement of hardness, roughness, wetting properties, ice accretion behavior in an icing wind tunnel (IWT), and ice adhesion by a double lap shear test. The coatings were studied, both as-deposited, as well as after grinding, in order to study the effect of the surface roughness and morphology on the ice accretion and adhesion properties. The QC coating was compared with PTFE and two polyurethane (PU)-based commercial paints, one of them known to have anti-icing properties, and the results indicate an ice accretion reduction relative to these two materials, and ice adhesion lower than bare AA6061-T6, or the PU paint in the ground version of one of the two QCs. Since the QC coatings are hard (GPa Vickers hardness > 5), a durable behavior is expected.

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Dumroese, R. Kasten. "Marking Tree Seeds with Spray Paint for Germination Studies." Western Journal of Applied Forestry 18, no. 3 (2003): 175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/18.3.175.

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Abstract I evaluated the potential use of spray paint for marking conifer seeds for germination studies in forest nurseries. For bulk seedlots of large-seeded species like western white pine (Pinus monticola), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), and Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), paint had little or no effect on six different germination parameters, but negatively affected germination of western larch (Larix occidentalis). On a family level with pine seeds, spray paint may or may not be appropriate depending on the specific objectives of the researcher and the level of conservatism used. West. J. Appl. For. 18(3):175–178.

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Sonjaya, Abeth Novria, Kevin Hervito, and Tri Atmoko. "Aplikasi Disain Komposit Pusat Pada Proses Pengecatan Mobil Bekas." Jurnal Teknologi 8, no. 2 (2021): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31479/jtek.v8i2.71.

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The business of buying and selling used cars is increasingly substantial in Indonesia, in the era of globalization progressively developing depends on demands a process that must be fast, precise, and economical. Repair to body, chassis, and engine are competency expertise in the field of Automotive Engineering that emphasizes automotive repair service skills. at now selling price of used cars, it is necessary to do repairs, the process of repairing used cars or better known as refurbishment work pre-owned cars is mostly done by small-scale used car buying and selling businesses. In order for used cars to return to their like-new condition, generally small-scale used car sellers carry out the process of repairing the vehicle themselves, especially repairs to the vehicle's body paint. This study aims to process of painting a Toyota Avanza car bodypaint against the thickness of the paint using a spray booth tool by using the model of central composite design (CCD). The effect of spray-on booth temperature, interstice size of the spray gun, and time according to the thickness of the paint will be analyzed using the CCD method. This spray booth painting technology is expected to help reduce bodypaint lead time. The results of the ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) regression analysis, the temperature of the spray booth, interstice size of the spray gun, and time are the factors that most significantly affect the thickness of the paint. The operating conditions to produce optimal paint thickness are temperature 55oC, interstice size of spray gun of 1.7 mm and time of painting and drying of 30 minutes, the resulted of a thickness of the paint for used and new cars are 130.2 μm and 81.84 μm., with a coefficient of determination for used and new cars of 90.78% and 96.19%.

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TACHI, Kazuyuki, Katsunori YAMADA, Chikaaki OKUDA, and Shouichi SUZUKI. "Effect of Rotating Cup Shapes and Spray Conditions on Paint Atomization." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 58, no. 7 (1985): 390–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.58.390.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Vullaganti, Anoop. "Mechanical Parameter Characterization of Thin Polymer Films Using Digital Image Correlation." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för maskinteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-21653.

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Mechanical parameter characterization of very thin polymer films using digital im- age correlation is performed in this work. At present days DIC is widely used in the construction, food industries, and aviation. Despite advantages when compared to other conventional methods, but users still face difficulties with the analysis of thin polymers like low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) thin polymer films. For the application of sprays to obtain the best pattern quality as well as the potential of thin-film material properties tempering from the stochastic pattern paint. This research work will investigate the effect of several spray paints on the material response of thin polymer film. It also shows how to achieve good surface traction, time effect, and the type of spray to be used for DIC analysis. Finally, this research also studies how the width of the specimen affects the wrinkling effect, which is a common phenomenon while testing the thin polymer films and exhibits the appropriate width for reducing wrinkles on thin polymer films.

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Mabey, Katie E. "Coanda-Assisted Spray Manipulation Implementation to Plasma Spray." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/997.

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Coanda-assisted Spray Manipulation (CSM) is a means of modifying the direction of a jet. Previous isothermal static vectoring research is expanded to plasma spray. Two- dimensional Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) was used to determine the vectoring results for small angles between 5-10°. Suitable parameters were determined for use on a plasma spray gun for small angle vectoring. Three-dimensional PIV was used to determine the elect of high speed rotation on a vectored jet. A 2-piece CSM collar was retrotted to a Praxair SG-100 plasma spray gun that replaced the standard faceplate. Two separate collars were tested: one designed for small vector angles and one for larger vector angles. The small-angle device could modify the trajectory of zirconia powder up to several degrees. Doing so could realign the plasma with the powder, resulting in increased powder temperature and velocity. The large-angle device could vector the plasma jet up to 45°; however the powder did not vector as much. Under large-angle vectoring, the powder velocity and temperature decreased steadily with vector angle. Both devices were tested using a supersonic conguration.

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Périssé, Amélie. "Color formulation algorithms improvement through expert knowledge integration for automotive effect paints." Thesis, Pau, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PAUU3025.

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Aujourd’hui, le marché de la peinture automobile est gouverné par une demande pour des couleurs profondes et vives avec effets. Dans le domaine de la peinture automobile, l’exigence est très haute car la couleur est associée à un signe de qualité. Dans une collision classique, différentes parties du véhicule peuvent être endommagées avec généralement une partie de la carrosserie qui est touchée. La partie endommagée doit être réparée, poncée et préparée avant d’être repeinte. Pour réduire les coûts, le carrossier doit préparer une peinture avec un bon contretypage de teinte, et ce aussi vite que possible. Il s’agit donc pour la formulation de la peinture de réparation de reproduire les effets, aussi bien colorés que texturés, à partir de pigments absorbants ou à effets (particules d’aluminium, de nacre …). Il est relativement simple de qualifier les effets colorés à partir des courbes de réflectance puis des coordonnées CIELab. Cependant, la définition de la texture engendrée par les particules à effets est assez complexe et n’est encore qu’à ses prémices, avec des paramètres qui souvent ne correspondant pas aux phénomènes réellement perçus par l’œil humain. Dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse, la mobilisation de connaissances expertes à travers différentes sessions de tri libre et de brainstorming a permis la mise en évidence de descripteurs de texture réellement perceptifs. De plus, la mise en place de métriques de texture conçues à partir de préconisations réellement perceptives, a rendu possible l’obtention de valeurs correspondant à un observateur moyen pour chacun de ces paramètres descripteurs. Ces paramètres ayant été élaborés à partir des observations d‘évaluateurs expérimentés. La transposition de ces vérités terrain en descripteurs physiques de texture a permis l’obtention d’une corrélation entre le perceptible et le mesurable. Dans la procédure développée, l’œil humain a été remplacé par un appareil photo numérique agissant en qualité d’intégrateur tristimulaire d’informations radiométriques. En essayant de reproduire les conditions d’observation lors de la phase d’acquisition d’images, il a été ainsi possible de caractériser les phénomènes de texture par analyse d’image et de les corréler aux valeurs de l’observateur moyen préalablement défini Nowadays, the automotive coating market is governed by a demand for deep and vibrant colors with effects. In this field, the requirement is very high because the color is associated with a sign of quality. In a typical collision, different parts of the vehicle may be damaged. The damaged part must be repaired, sanded and prepared before being painted. To reduce costs, the body shop must then prepare a paint with a good color matching, and thus as fast as possible. It is therefore necessary for the formulation of the repair coating to reproduce the effects, both colored and textured, from absorbent or effect pigments (aluminum particles, pearlescent materials …) from a characterization of the concerned vehicle coating. It is relatively simple to qualify the colored effects from the reflectance curves and then the CIELab coordinates. However, the description of the texturing effect generated by the distribution of effect particles at the microstructure scale is quite complex. The metrological approach of the perceptive properties is still at its beginnings. The parameters used do not necessarily correspond directly to the phenomena actually perceived by the human eye. As part of this thesis work, the mobilization of expert knowledge through various sessions of free sorting and brainstorming on coated samples made it possible to highlight really perceptive texture descriptors. These descriptors have been the subject of "objective" evaluations by experienced observers. They thus made it possible to associate a quantitative evaluation scale with each descriptor. This stage of the present thesis work allowed the establishment of ground truth data materialized by a set of reference samples representing different ordered levels of a descriptor. These ground truth data were then used to design a set of measurable physical texture descriptors that were directly correlated to perceptual scales constructed in the previous step. In the procedure developed, the human eye has been replaced by a digital camera acting as a tristimulus integrator of radiometric information. The image acquisition phase was a decisive step in the process: it was necessary to reproduce the conditions of evaluation of the properties perceived, recognized and retained during the various stages using expert human observers. It was then possible to characterize the texture phenomena by image analysis and to correlate them with the values of the previously defined mean observer

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Miller, Ann Mary. "Trigger mechanisms to effect the fixation of boron in timber preservation." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367269.

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Longpradit, Panchan. "Effect of substrate pretreatment on CVD diamond coated cemented tungsten carbide tools for wood cutting application." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326525.

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Warren, Mark T. "EFFECT OF IONIC SURFACTANTS ON ELECTROSTATIC CHARGING OF SPRAY DROPLETS." UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/cme_etds/7.

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Dust capture for small coal particles (<2.5µm) can be improved if one takes advantage of electrostatic charges that resides on the surface of coal dust particles and on the surface of water spray droplets used to capture coal dust. Traditional dust capture methods that use water sprays are ineffective in capturing small dust particles since the motion of small dust particles is governed by electrostatic forces. If additives such as ionic surfactants could be added to water that would enhance the surface charge on water spray droplets, dust capture with water sprays could be improved. The results presented show that n-sodium octyl sulfate causes the greatest charge enhancement versus the longer chained n-sodium dodecyl sulfate and n-sodium octadecyl sulfate. This can be explained by considering the factors that lead to droplet charge enhancement. Those factors are the mass of surfactant ions at the droplet surface, and the diffusion rate of the surfactant ions from the bulk droplet to the surface of the droplet. Sodium octyl sulfate will have a faster diffusion rate to the droplet surface because of its relatively short length, and will also maximize the mass balance of surfactant ions at the drop surface.

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Tsay, Jyh Rong. "Effect of pneumatic and mechanical shields on spray deposition and drift /." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487948807587194.

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Lee, Lin. "The effect of flow rate, spray distance and concentration of polymer quenchant on spray quenching performance of CHTE and IVF probes." Link to electronic thesis, 2005. http://www.wpi.edu/Pubs/ETD/Available/etd-050205-151345/unrestricted/LinLeeThesis.pdf.

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Clark, Lee J., and L. Max Thatcher. "Effect of Spray Dilution on PIX on Cotton, Safford Agricultural Center, 1986." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/204465.

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Viera, Sotillo Juan Pablo. "Experimental study of the effect of nozzle geometry on the performance of direct-injection diesel sprays for three different fuels." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/81857.

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This thesis studies the influence of internal nozzle flow characteristics over a large spectrum of experimental conditions and diagnostics. Experiments were carried out for two nozzle geometries---cylindrical and conical single hole nozzles---and three different fuels. Two of the fuels are pure components---n-heptane and n-dodecane---while the third fuel consists of a three-component surrogate to better represent the physical and chemical properties of diesel fuel. Measurements include a complete hydraulic characterization consisting of instantaneous injection rate and spray momentum flux measurements; a high-speed visualization of isothermal liquid spray; a high-speed visualization of the evaporative inert spray, imaging liquid and vapor phases simultaneously and finally, a high-speed visualization of the high temperature reactive spray, imaging vapor phase and OH* chemiluminescence for each injection event. All high-temperature diagnostics were performed in a continuous flow test chamber that allows an accurate control on a wide range of thermodynamic conditions (up to 1000 K and 15 MPa). The experimental findings from this work, and the large database obtained (available for download at: http://www.cmt.upv.es/DD01.aspx), could be used to validate CFD models that could help the community understand the fundamental driving mechanisms behind these observations. En esta tesis se estudia la influencia del flujo interno sobre un amplio espectro de condiciones y diagnósticos experimentales. Se realizaron experimentos para dos geometrías de tobera---toberas cilíndrica y cónica de un único orificio---y tres combustibles. Dos de los combustibles son puros---n-heptano y n-dodecano--- mientras el tercero es un combustible sustituto que consiste en una mezcla de tres componentes que busca representar mejor las propiedades físicas y químicas del diesel. Las medidas incluyen una caracterización hidráulica completa, compuesta por tasa de inyección y cantidad de movimiento instantáneas; una visualización de alta velocidad del chorro líquido isotermo; una visualización de alta velocidad del chorro inerte evaporativo, con captura simultánea de las fases líquida y vapor y, finalmente, una visualización del chorro reactivo a alta temperatura, con captura de la fase vapor y la quimioluminiscencia del radical OH* para cada evento de inyección. Todos los diagnósticos en condiciones de alta temperatura fueron realizados en una maqueta de alta presión y temperatura de flujo constante que permite controlar con precisión un rango amplio de condiciones termodinámicas (hasta 1000 K y 15 MPa). Los resultados experimentales y la gran base de datos obtenida en este trabajo (disponible en: http://www.cmt.upv.es/DD01.aspx), podrían ser utilizados para validar modelos CFD detallados que podrían ayudar a la comunidad científica a entender mejor los mecanismos fundamentales que producen los resultados observados. Aquesta tesi estudia la influència del flux intern sobre un gran espectre de condicions i diagnòstics experimentals. Es van realitzar experiments per a dos geometries de tovera---toveres ci¿líndrica i cónica amb un únic orifici---i tres combustibles. Dos dels combustibles són purs---n-heptà i n-dodecà--- mentre el tercer combustible consisteix en una mescla de tres components que formen un combustible substitut que busca representar millor les propietats físiques i químiques del dièsel. Les mesures inclouen una caracterització hidràulica completa, composta per taxa d'injecció i quantitat de moviment instantanis; visualització d'alta velocitat del doll líquid isoterme; visualització d'alta velocitat del doll inert evaporatiu, capturant simultàniament les fases líquid i vapor i, finalment, una visualització del doll reactiu a alta temperatura, capturant la fase vapor i la quimioluminiscència del radical OH per a cada esdeveniment d'injecció. Tots els diagnòstics en condicions d'alta temperatura van ser realitzats en una insta¿lació d'alta pressió i temperatura amb flux constant que permet controlar amb precisió un ampli rang de condicions termodinàmiques (fins a 1000 K i 15 MPa). Els resultats experimentals i la gran base de dades obtinguda en aquest treball (disponible a la web en: http://www.cmt.upv.es/dd01.aspx), podrien ser utilitzats per tal de validar models CFD detallats que podrien ajudar a la comunitat científica a entendre millor els mecanismes fonamentals que produeixen aquestes observacions. Viera Sotillo, JP. (2017). Experimental study of the effect of nozzle geometry on the performance of direct-injection diesel sprays for three different fuels [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/81857 TESIS

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Bücher zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Haynie, Fred H. Atmospheric acid deposition damage to paints. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Sciences Research Laboratory, 1985.

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Piedrahita, O. Prevention of salt-spray injury to fruit and ornamental trees. Ontario Ministry of Transportation, Research and Development Branch, 1987.

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Bottomley, D. M. Aircraft evacuations: The effect of a cabin water spray system upon evacuation rates and behaviour. Civil Aviation Authority, 1993.

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Chong, Calvin. Salt spray injury study: Efficacy of film-forming chemicals for protecting roadside trees. Environment Ontario, Air Resources Branch, 1989.

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DeFrank, Joseph. Risk to nontarget tomatoes from ethephon aerial spray drift. HITAHR, College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of Hawaii, 1988.

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Tonon, Renata V. Spray drying of açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart) juice: Effect of process variables and type of carrier agent on product's quality and stability. Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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German, E. R. Effect of spray irrigation of treated wastewater on water quality of the surficial aquifer system, Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida. U.S. Geological Survey, 1990.

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West, Richard J. Ground spray applications of Virtuss, a nuclear polyhedrosis virus, against white-marked tussock moth larvae at Bottom Brook, Newfoundland in 1986. Newfoundland Forestry Centre, 1987.

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Branch, Canada Dept of Fisheries and Oceans Science. Acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity in fish sampled after the 1985 Newfoundland forest spray program for eastern hemlock looper using fenitrothion. Science Branch, Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans, 1987.

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Miller, Robert A. Characterization and durability testing of plasma-sprayed zirconia-yttria and hafnia-yttria thermal barrier coatings. Part II. Effect of spray parameters on the performance of several hafnia-yttria and zirconia-yttria coatings. Lewis Research Center, 1993.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Bansal, Amit, Hitesh Vasudev, and Lalit Thakur. "Effect of Microwave Heating on the Mechanical and Tribological Properties of the Thermal-Sprayed Coatings." In Thermal Spray Coatings. CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003213185-12.

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Shaw, G. B., R. B. McKercher, and R. Ashford. "The effect of spray volume on spray partitioning between plant and soil." In Plant and Soil Interfaces and Interactions. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3627-0_21.

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Stranger-Johannessen, Maria. "The Antimicrobial Effect of Pigments in Corrosion Protective Paints." In Biodeterioration 7. Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1363-9_48.

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Hamedani, Hoda Amani, Klaus-Hermann Dahmen, Dongsheng Li, and Hamid Garmestani. "Effect of Spray Parameters on the Microstructure of La1-xSrxMnO3 Cathode Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis." In Advances in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells IV. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470456309.ch13.

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Sanpo, Noppakun. "Effect of the Chelating Agent Contents on the Topography Composition and Phase of SPPS-Deposited Cobalt Ferrite Splats." In Solution Precursor Plasma Spray System. Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07025-4_5.

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Pustiulha, Serhii, Ihor Holovachuk, Volodymyr Samchuk, Viktor Samostian, and Valentyn Prydiuk. "Improvement of the Technology of Tribostate Application of Powder Paints Using Fractal Analysis of Spray Quality." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22365-6_28.

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Guillemoles, J. F., D. Lincot, P. Cowache, and J. Vedel. "Solvent Effect on ZnO Thin Films Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis." In Tenth E.C. Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference. Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3622-8_156.

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Cracknell, Roger, R. Wardle, R. Pos, and L. Ganippa. "Effect of diesel injector tip deposits on transient spray behavior." In Proceedings. Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-12918-7_13.

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Fritz, Bradley K., W. Clint Hoffmann, and Ryan S. Henry. "The Effect of Adjuvants at High Spray Pressures for Aerial Applications." In Pesticide Formulation and Delivery Systems: 36th Volume, Emerging Trends Building on a Solid Foundation. ASTM International, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp159520150086.

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Cloutier, Clayton, Emil G. Bautista, Ahmed F. Faheem, and Konstantin Sobolev. "Effect of Spray Dryer Absorbers as Mix Enhancer on HMA Performance." In Materials for Sustainable Infrastructure. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61633-9_6.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Ye, Qiaoyan, Oliver Tiedje, Shreyas Rohit Srinivas, Thomas Noest, and Uhrrich Uhrner. "Investigations on nano- and submicron-particle generation by spray painting processes." In ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4666.

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This paper presents experimental and numerical studies to determine the particle size distributions (PSD) and concentrations in paint overspray. Two kinds of paint materials, solvent borne and water borne paints, both with and without manufactured nanomaterials (pigments), and an industrial spray gun were used. Different aerosol measuring techniques, namely the Spraytec Fraunhofer type particle sizer for micro-sized droplets in the spray jet and the Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) for nano particles in paint overspray were applied. It was found, that solvent borne clear coats create significantly higher number concentration of nano-sized droplets than the water borneprimers. Only small differences in PSD between paints with and without manufactured nanomaterials were found. Numerical simulations of droplet trajectories within the spray booth, for both micro and nano sized droplets, were carried out. Based on the experimental and numerical results, a representative particle size distribution (smaller than 1 μm) for the given spray gun was obtained. Effects of turbulence models on the particle deposition on targets, especially for submicron particles, have been analysed in detailed.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4666

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Oh, Young-Mi, and Hyeon-Cheol Jeong. "Effect of lidocaine spray on intravenous injection pain." In 10th International Workshop Series Convergence Works. Global Vision School Publication, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21742/asehl.2016.10.04.

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Andulkar, Mayur V., and Shital S. Chiddarwar. "Automated CAD Based Trajectory for Spray Painting Robot: Variable Velocity Approach." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46587.

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This paper proposes a new automated offline trajectory generation approach for free form surfaces targeted towards spray painting application. The spray gun trajectory is generated from the computer aided design (CAD) model of the surface to be painted for a structured environment. A variable velocity approach is proposed to overcome the effect of surface curvature on the desired paint thickness. The proposed approach is divided into three problems: paint pass generation, optimal gun velocity and overlap distance computation. These problems are solved independently of each other using standard optimization techniques. The paint passes consisting of points and corresponding normals are generated using a ‘section’ based approach. An optimal variable spray gun velocity depending on the surface curvature is calculated based on the paint thickness function using genetic algorithm and curve fitting technique. The overlap distance is calculated depending on paint thickness of every paint pass. The approach was implemented on test surfaces and the simulation and experimental results reveal that minimal paint thickness deviation is obtained for simple as well as highly curved surfaces.

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Karabey, Altuğ, and Kenan Yakut. "Determination of Heat and Flow Characteristics in Spray Cooling with Rectangular Finned Heat Sink." In ILASS2017 - 28th European Conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ilass2017.2017.4596.

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Spray cooling process has many parameters such as extended surface, angle of inclination, effect of gravity, diameter of nozzle, angle of spray, mass flux, geometry of cooled surface, thermal performance and critical heat flux of spray etc. Many effective parameters to carry out the experiments with conventional test methods are both expensive and time consuming. As a solution in these circumstances, Taguchi method, which is one of the modern experimental design and optimization methods and very effective in solving such problems, was used in this study. Taguchi method, as well as being in effective to improve the quality of products, also gives the opportunity to achieve better results with much less experiment. Using Taguchi method, as well as to reach the target value exactly, the sensitivity of the design against uncontrollable factors is reduced to a minimum. Thus, the optimum tolerance range in cost and quality factors is determined. When compared to conventional experimental design methods, Taguchi method has many advantages. One of them is that the test costs are minimized and the deviation around the target is kept to a minimum while in bringing targeted level of the average value of performance. Another advantage is that the obtained results in the laboratory can be obtained in the real production environment and also saved a time of production. Nowadays, the planning of the multi-factorial experiments can be provided with great flexibility and simplicity by Taguchi method. In these experiments with using rectangular pin fin heat sinks, the effects of the longitudinal and lateral distances of the consecutively arranged nozzle or diffuser-like fin pairs, widths of the fins, angle of fins, heights of fins, spraying time, air flow rate, liquid flow rate (ALR, the ratio of air-liquid flow rate) and the ratio of the nozzle-heat sink distance to the nozzle diameter (h/d) on heat and flow characteristics have been investigated by using Taguchi experimental design method. For this reason, characteristics of flow and heat transfer are considered separately. Nusselt number considered as performance statistic, L27(311) orthogonal array has been selected as an experimental design plan for the eleven parameters mentioned above. The Nusselt number was calculated by taking into account the characteristic length of heat sink and the optimized results were found to be fin width of 45 mm, fin angle of 45o, fin height of 15 mm, x direction distance between fins of 20 mm, y direction distance between fins of 20 mm, x direction distance between slices of 15 mm, y direction distances between slices of 20 mm, air flow rate of 10-3 m3/s, liquid flow rate of 5,83*10-6 m3/s, spraying time of 5 s and the ratio of the nozzle-heat sink distance to the nozzle diameter (h/d) of 667.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4596

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Ibrahim, Ashraf A., and Milind A. Jog. "Modeling of Gas-Liquid Flow in Pressure Swirl Atomizers." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81579.

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Pressure swirl or simplex atomizers are commonly used in a number of industrial applications for liquid atomization, including fuel injection systems for gas turbine engines, spray drying, and paint sprays. Computational modeling of the two-phase flow in the atomizer coupled with a non-linear analysis of instability of liquid sheet exiting from the atomizer has been carried out. The Volume-of-Fluid method is employed to determine the two-phase gas-liquid flow inside the atomizer. Results are validated using available experimental data for film thickness at exit, spray angle, and discharge coefficient. The predictions of breakup length using the non-linear model are compared with available experimental measurements which show excellent agreement. The effect of flow conditions and nozzle geometry on the flow field and sheet breakup are investigated. The coupled internal flow simulation and sheet instability analysis provides a comprehensive approach to modeling atomization from a pressure-swirl atomizer.

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Widyastuti, Rindang Fajarin, Vania Mitha Pratiwi, Rifki Rachman Kholid, and Abdulloh Habib. "The effect of BaM/PANI composition with epoxy paint matrix on single and double layers coating with spray coating method for radar absorbing materials applications." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (ICOMMET 2017) : Advancing Innovation in Materials Science, Technology and Applications for Sustainable Future. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5030258.

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Zhang, Simin, Guolei Wang, Xingjie Liu, Xiaotong Hua, Zhiliang Chen, and Ken Chen. "Effects of Spraying Parameters on the Paint Transfer Efficiency in Air Spray." In ASME 2019 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2019-11896.

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Abstract Automation is widely used for automotive paint application because of the repeatability of the resulting surface finish, as well as the benefit of removing humans from a hazardous environment. So the improvement of automobile coatings is significant. One compelling aspect of improvement is the paint transfer efficiency (TE), which is defined as the amount of paint that remains on a surface relative to the amount supplied to the paint applicator during coating operations. The effects of spray parameters namely shaping air pressure, atomizing air pressure, paint flow rate, spraying distance and spray velocity on paint transfer efficiency. A orthogonal experiment is designed to analysis the effects of spraying parameters on paint transfer efficiency. After the acquisition and analysis of all experiments, the relationship between spraying parameters and paint transfer efficiency is performed. Through variance analysis and regression analysis of experiment data, a conclusion following had been drawn: shaping air pressure has the strongest influence on TE, shaping air pressure and spray distance are inversely proportional to TE, atomizing air pressure is proportional to TE, paint flow rate and spray velocity nearly have no influence on TE.

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Ďurikovič, Roman, and William L. Martens. "Simulation of sparkling and depth effect in paints." In the 18th spring conference. ACM Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/984952.984983.

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Law, Deify, Thomas Shepard, and Paul Strykowski. "Numerical Simulations of Near-Nozzle Exit Characteristics for an Effervescent Atomizer at Low Gas to Liquid Mass Flow Ratio." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21290.

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Effervescent atomization is a process in which a bulk liquid is transformed into a spray of droplets by injecting a small amount of gas into the liquid before it is ejected from the atomizer. Advantages of using effervescent atomization method include larger exit orifices to reduce clogging issues, reduced injection pressures, and lower gas to liquid mass flow ratios (GLR) as compared to pressure or air-blast atomizers [1]. Effervescent atomization has been used in a number of applications including agricultural sprays, paint sprays, combustion for lowering pollutant emissions, spray cooling for gas turbine and medical applications, waste incineration, and process industry applications. In the present work, the near-nozzle exit characteristics of an air-water effervescent atomizer at gas to liquid mass flow ratio such as 0.25% are investigated numerically through two-fluid Eulerian-Eulerian ensemble-averaged modeling. The two-fluid model is solved through the finite volume method. Numerical simulations are performed using the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code ANSYS FLUENT. The effects of effective (average) air bubble diameter size inside the atomizer, exit nozzle diameter, and injection pressures on the average liquid water jet width are presented. An optimal bubble size is observed for increasing the average liquid jet width which leads to enhanced jet breakup at downstream of the nozzle. The water volume fraction profiles within the sprays are also reported. The numerical results are compared with experimental visualizations and jet-width measurements to further the understanding of the spray characteristics of effervescent atomization for atomizer design.

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Sehmbey, Maninder, Louis Chow, Ottfried Hahn, and Martin Pais. "Effect of spray characteristics on spray cooling with liquid nitrogen." In 6th Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1994-2010.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Effect of spray paints"

Pickett, Lyle M., and Scott A. Skeen. Effect of Properties/Injection Schedule on Fuel Spray Mixing. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1482864.

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McDonagh, Marian S., Jesse Wagner, Azrah Y. Ahmed, Benjamin Morasco, Devan Kansagara, and Roger Chou. Living Systematic Review on Cannabis and Other Plant-Based Treatments for Chronic Pain: May 2021 Update. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccerplantpain3.

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Overview This is the third quarterly progress report for an ongoing living systematic review on cannabis and other plant-based treatments for chronic pain. The first progress report was published in January 2021 and the second in March 2021. The draft systematic review was available for public comment from May 19 through June 15, 2021, on the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Effective Health Care website. The systematic review synthesizes evidence on the benefits and harms of plant-based compounds (PBCs), such as cannabinoids and kratom, used to treat chronic pain, addressing concerns about severe adverse effects, abuse, misuse, dependence, and addiction. The purpose of this progress report is to describe the cumulative literature identified thus far. This report will be periodically updated with new studies as they are published and identified, culminating in an annual systematic review that provides a synthesis of the accumulated evidence. Main Points In patients with chronic (mainly neuropathic) pain with short-term treatment (4 weeks to <6 months): • Studies of cannabis-related products were grouped based on their tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to cannabidiol (CBD) ratio using the following categories: high THC to CBD, comparable THC to CBD, and low THC to CBD. • Comparable THC to CBD ratio oral spray is probably associated with small improvements in pain severity and may be associated with small improvements in function. There was no effect in pain interference or serious adverse events. There may be a large increased risk of dizziness and sedation, and a moderate increased risk of nausea. • Synthetic THC (high THC to CBD) may be associated with moderate improvement in pain severity and increased risk of sedation, and large increased risk of nausea. Synthetic THC is probably associated with a large increased risk of dizziness. • Extracted whole-plant high THC to CBD ratio products may be associated with large increases in risk of withdrawal due to adverse events and dizziness. • Evidence on whole-plant cannabis, low THC to CBD ratio products (topical CBD), other cannabinoids (cannabidivarin), and comparisons with other active interventions was insufficient to draw conclusions. • Other key adverse event outcomes (psychosis, cannabis use disorder, cognitive deficits) and outcomes on the impact on opioid use were not reported. • No evidence on other plant-based compounds, such as kratom, met criteria for this review.

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Li, Kuichun, Masaki Ido, Yoichi Ogata, Keiya Nishida, Baolu Shi, and Daisuke Shimo. Effect of Spray/Wall Interaction on Diesel Combustion and Soot Formation in Two-Dimensional Piston Cavity. SAE International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2013-32-9021.

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Paschkewitz, J. A computational study of tandem dual wheel aerodynamics and the effect of fenders and fairings on spray dispersion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/895084.

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McKnight, Mary E. The effect of volatile organic compound regulations on the selection and use of coatings included in AFM 85-3 (tri-service paints and protective coatings manual). National Bureau of Standards, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.86-3499.

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Effect of spray irrigation of treated wastewater on water quality of the surficial aquifer system, Reedy Creek Improvement District, central Florida. US Geological Survey, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri884174.

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