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1
Castanon, velasco Oscar. „Targeting the transposable elements of the genome to enable large-scale genome editing and bio-containment technologies“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX006.
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Les nucléases programmables et site-spécifiques comme CRISPR-Cas9 sont des signes avant-coureurs d’une nouvelle révolution en génie génétique et portent en germe un espoir de modification radicale de la santé humaine. Le « multiplexing » ou la capacité d’introduire plusieurs modifications simultanées dans le génome sera particulièrement utile en recherche tant fondamentale qu’appliquée. Ce nouvel outil sera susceptible de sonder les fonctions physiopathologiques de circuits génétiques complexes et de développer de meilleures thérapies cellulaires ou traitements antiviraux. En repoussant les limites du génie génétique, il sera possible d’envisager la réécriture et la conception de génomes mammifères. Le développement de notre capacité à modifier profondément le génome pourrait permettre la création de cellules résistantes aux cancers, aux virus ou même au vieillissement ; le développement de cellules ou tissus transplantables compatibles entre donneurs et receveurs ; et pourrait même rendre possible la résurrection d’espèces animales éteintes. Dans ce projet de recherche doctoral, nous présentons l’état de l’art du génie génétique « multiplex », les limites actuelles et les perspectives d’améliorations. Nous tirons profit de ces connaissances ainsi que de l’abondance des éléments transposables de notre ADN afin de construire une plateforme d’optimisation et de développement de nouveaux outils de génie génétique qui autorisent l’édition génomique à grande échelle. Nous démontrons que ces technologies permettent la production de modifications à l’échelle du génome allant jusqu’à 3 ordres de grandeur supplémentaires que précédemment, ouvrant la voie au développement de la réécriture des génomes de mammifères. En outre, l’observation de la toxicité engendrée par la multitude de coupures double-brins dans le génome nous a amenés à développer un bio-interrupteur susceptible d’éviter les effets secondaires des thérapies cellulaires actuelles ou futures. Enfin, en conclusion, nous exposons les potentielles inquiétudes et menaces qu’apporte le domaine génie génétiques et apportons des pistes de réflexions pour diminuer les risques identifiésProgrammable and site-specific nucleases such as CRISPR-Cas9 have started a genome editing revolution, holding hopes to transform human health. Multiplexing or the ability to simultaneously introduce many distinct modifications in the genome will be required for basic and applied research. It will help to probe the physio-pathological functions of complex genetic circuits and to develop improved cell therapies or anti-viral treatments. By pushing the boundaries of genome engineering, we may reach a point where writing whole mammalian genomes will be possible. Such a feat may lead to the generation of virus-, cancer- or aging- free cell lines, universal donor cell therapies or may even open the way to de-extinction. In this doctoral research project, I outline the current state-of-the-art of multiplexed genome editing, the current limits and where such technologies could be headed in the future. We leveraged this knowledge as well as the abundant transposable elements present in our DNA to build an optimization pipeline and develop a new set of tools that enable large-scale genome editing. We achieved a high level of genome modifications up to three orders of magnitude greater than previously recorded, therefore paving the way to mammalian genome writing. In addition, through the observation of the cytotoxicity generated by multiple double-strand breaks within the genome, we developed a bio-safety switch that could potentially prevent the adverse effects of current and future cell therapies. Finally, I lay out the potential concerns and threats that such an advance in genome editing technology may be bringing and point out possible solutions to mitigate the risks
2
Sintes-Gianlupi, Emeline. „Edition et étude critique des quatre filz Aymon de David Aubert (MS. de base ARSENAL 5073)“. Thesis, Reims, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REIML015.
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Edition et étude critique d'un manuscrit ARS. 5073 intitulé les quatre filz Aymon de David Aubert.Le premier travail a constitué à transcrire le texte conservé dans un manuscrit du XVème siècle ayant appartenu à la bibliothèque des ducs de Bourgogne (MS. ARS. 5073) soit 357 folios recto verso.L'établissement des variantes s'est fait à partir du manuscrit B.N. 19174.Afin de montrer les différences entre la version en prose et la version en vers qui a servi de base au dérimage, un travail d'analyse a été fait : au fur et à mesure des chapitres de la version manuscrit ARS. 5073 une comparaison avec la version en vers a été écrite afin de mettre en relief les disparitions et les ajouts que l'on peut trouver dans les deux versions.Le texte est accompagné d'un index des noms propres et d'un glossaire.A ce travail est ajouté un relevé des proverbes insérés dans le texte du manuscrit de base.Une étude des miniatures qui sont présentes au début de chaque chapitre de notre texte de base a été élaborée et permet de soulever la richesse du manuscrit à étudier.L'introduction permettant de situer le texte comme un manuscrit de la bibliothèque des ducs de Bourgogne est accompagnée d'une étude codicologique, paléographique et linguistiqueEdition and critical study of an ARS. 5073 manuscript entitled Les quatre fils Aymon written by David AubertThe fist step was to transcribe the text stored in a manuscript from the XVth century kept in the librairy of ducs of Bourgogne (MS. ARS. 5073). We therefore dealt with 357 double sided folios.Then we established the variations from the B.N. 19174 manuscript.In order to point out the difference between the version in prose (ARS.5073) and the other in verse, which served as a basis for the « dérimage », we compared the two versions carefully and highlighted the disappearances and the additions which could be found in both documents ;Along with the texte, we inserted an index where proper nouns are listed and a lexicon.We also included a list of proverbs in the text from the manuscript.We studied the miniatures which appear at the beginning og each chapter in our basic text. The latter underline the richness of the manuscript.The introduction allowing classifying the texte as a manuscript from the library of ducs of Bourgogne also includes codicologic, paleographic and linguistic analyses
3
Shirazi, Parsa Hadi. „Engineering of eIF4E gene to resistance against potyviridae viruses in muskmelon using genome editing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASB002.
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Le melon (Cucumis melo) est une plante de la famille des Cucurbitacées. Depuis le 17e siècle, le melon a fait l'objet d'une active sélection variétale utilisant des techniques d'hybridation. Afin d’accélérer le développement de variétés adaptés aux changements climatiques et intégrant de nouveaux caractères d’intérêt, il est important d’adapter au melon, les nouvelles méthodes de sélection et d’édition de génome. Le melon étant une espèce récalcitrante à la transformation génétique, l'élaboration d’un protocole de transformation et de régénération de plantules est une première étape vers l’utilisation des technologies d’édition des génomes. Dans la première section de cette thèse, différents facteurs affectant l'efficacité de la transformation ont été évalués. Tout d’abord, nous avons montré que la durée de co-culture optimale, entre l’explant et le milieu d’inoculation, était de 20 min. L'efficacité de transformation dans une culture d’agrobactérie à une DO600 de 0,8 était 11% supérieure à celle d’une culture de DO600 égale 0,4. Dans un second temps, d’autres facteurs tels que le papier filtre, la concentration du milieu de culture (10 mM de MES) et la température (24 °C) ont eu un effet positif sur l'efficacité de la transformation. L'utilisation de papier filtre au lieu d'agar pour solidifier le milieu de co-culture a amélioré l'efficacité de la transformation. Enfin, l’effet de l'éthylène, connu pour inhiber la transformation génétique, a été évalué par l’ajout d’AVG, AgNO₃ et KMnO₄ dans un milieu de culture de tissus végétaux. Le KMnO₄ s’est révélé être le produit le plus efficace augmentant l’efficacité de transformation de plus de 50 %. Une fois le protocole de transformation et régénération mis en place, les premières expériences de transgenèse ont montré une efficacité de transformation de 4.72 %. 90% des plantes transformées étaient diploïdes. Afin de développer des melons résistants aux potyvirus, nous avons initiés l’édition d’acides aminés cibles dans le facteur d’initiation de la traduction eIF4E. L’édition génomique ciblé a été réalisée en utilisant le système CRIPR-Cas-9 et des ARN guide désignés pour cibler certains acides aminés de eIF4E. L’analyse de 2500 explants, nous a permis d’identifié 59 lignées transformées soit une efficacité globale de 2.4 %. Après amplification et séquençage du gène eIF4E chez ces lignées, nous avons identifiés 17 lignées présentation des modifications de séquence au sein du gène eIF4E. Dans les lignées T1, neuf allèles d’eIF4E ont été identifiés. Huit allèles été prédits délétères sur la fonction de la protéine eIF4E. Ces lignées éditées seront évaluées pour leur résistance aux virus ZYMV, WMV, CMV, PRSVMelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a diploid plant of the Cucurbitaceae family. Since the 17th century, melon has been the object of an active varietal selection using hybridization techniques. In order to accelerate the development of varieties adapted to climatic changes and integrating new characteristics of interest, it is important to adapt to melon, the new methods of selection and genome edition. Melon is a recalcitrant species to genetic transformation. Thus, the development of a protocol for genetic transformation and seedling regeneration is a first step towards the use of the latest genome editing technologies. In the first section of this thesis, different factors affecting the efficiency of the transformation were evaluated. First, we showed that the optimal co-culture time between the explant and the inoculation medium was 20 minutes. The transformation efficiency in an agrobacteria culture at an optical density (OD600) of 0.8 was 11% higher than that of a culture with OD600 of 0.4. In a second step, other factors such as filter paper, concentration of culture medium (10 mM MES) and temperature (24 °C) had a positive effect on the transformation efficiency. The use of filter paper instead of agar to solidify the co-culture medium strongly improved the transformation efficiency. Finally, the effect of ethylene, known to inhibit genetic transformation, was evaluated by adding AVG, AgNO₃ and KMnO₄ to plant tissue culture medium. KMnO₄ was found to be the most effective product increasing the transformation efficiency by more than 50%.Once the transformation and regeneration protocol was set up, the first transgenesis experiments showed a transformation efficiency of 4.72%. 90% of the transformed plants were diploid. In order to develop potyvirus resistant melons, we initiated the editing of target amino acids in the translation initiation factor eIF4E. Targeted genomic editing was performed using the CRIPR-Cas-9 system and guide RNAs designed to target specific amino acids of eIF4E. The analysis of 2500 explants, allowed us to identify 59 transformed lines for an overall efficiency of 2.4 %. After amplification and sequencing of the eIF4E gene in these lines, we identified 17 lines presenting sequence modifications within the eIF4E gene. In T1 lines, nine alleles of eIF4E were identified. Eight alleles were predicted to be deleterious to eIF4E function. These edited lines will be evaluated for their resistance to ZYMV, WMV, CMV, PRSV
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Faudemay, Pascal. „Un processeur VLSI pour les opérations de bases de données“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066468.
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Ce processeur est capable d'effectuer toutes les opérations des langages de manipulation de données relationnels, des bases de textes et les opérations essentielles des bases de connaissances. Il est optimum dans un environnement à limitation par les transferts en mémoire. Ce co-processeur est formé d'un vecteur de composants VLSI identiques dont chacun est connecté avec le suivant. Il dérive des filtres à comparateurs et des mémoires associatives, dont il étend les fonctionnalités. Nous montrons que ce VLSI est faisable dans la technologie CMOS actuelle. Il conduit à des performances très compétitives pour la jointure, la sélection relationnelle et l’édition de textes. Ce processeur est en cours de réalisation.
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Gaat, Tilottama. „The LibX Edition Builder“. Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36398.
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LibX is a browser plugin that allows users to access library resources directly
from their browser. Many libraries that wished
to adopt LibX needed to customize a version of LibX for their own institution.
Most librarians did not possess the necessary knowledge of XML,
running scripts and the underlying implementation of LibX required to create
customized, functional LibX versions for their own institutions. Therefore, we
have developed a web-based tool called the \emph{LibX Edition Builder} that empowers librarians to create their own customized LibX version (editions), effortlessly.
The Edition Builder provides rich interactivity to its users by exploiting the ZK AJAX framework whose components we adapted. The
Edition Builder provides automatic detection of relevant library
resources based on several heuristics which we have developed, which
reduces the time and effort required to configure these resources.
We have used sound software engineering techniques such as
agile development principles, code generation techniques, and the
model-view-controller design paradigm to maximize maintainability of the Edition
Builder, which enables us to easily incorporate changing functional requirements
in the Edition Builder.
The LibX Edition Builder is currently used by over 800 registered users who
have created over 400 editions. We have carried out a custom log-based
usability evaluation that examined the interactions of our users over
a 5 month period. This evaluation has shown that the Edition Builder
can dramatically reduce the time needed to customize LibX editions and
is being increasingly adopted by the library community.Master of Science
6
Tlili, Mounir. „Infrastructure P2P pour la Réplication et la Réconciliation des Données“. Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643789.
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Dans notre thèse, nous nous intéressons à la construction d'une infrastructure Pair-à-Pair (P2P) pour la réconciliation des données des applications d'édition de texte collaborative. Cependant, cette tâche est difficile à réaliser étant donné le comportement dynamique des pairs. Au regard de l'état de l'art, le modèle des transformées opérationnelles (OT) est une approche typiquement utilisée pour la gestion de la réplication optimiste dans le contexte d'édition de texte distribuée. Toutefois, la plupart des solutions d'OT ne passent pas à l'échelle et ne sont pas adaptées aux réseaux P2P. Pour répondre à ce problème, nous proposons une nouvelle approche appelée P2P-LTR (Estampillage et Journalisation P2P pour la Réconciliation) pour la réconciliation des données à base d'OT, qui assure la cohérence à terme malgré la dynamicité et les cas de pannes. P2P-LTR offre un service de journalisation P2P et un service d'estampillage fiable et réparti fonctionnant sur un modèle de réseau à base de DHT. Dans notre approche, les mises à jour sont estampillées et stockées en P2P dans des journaux à forte disponibilité. Lors de la réconciliation, ces mises à jour sont récupérées selon un ordre total continu afin d'assurer la cohérence à terme. En outre, P2P-LTR traite les cas où les pairs peuvent rejoindre ou quitter le système pendant les opérations de mise à jour. Nous avons évalué les performances de P2P-LTR par simulation. Les résultats montrent l'efficacité et le passage à l'échelle de notre solution.
7
Yan, Yongfeng. „Vers une ingénierie de la production de linguiciels : spécification et réalisation d'un prototype de poste de travail linguistique pour la spécification de correspondances structurales“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325682.
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Présentation de quelques rappels sur les grammaires statiques. Il est aussi montre la nécessité du recours a des techniques issues du génie logiciel pour arriver à une réelle ingénierie du logiciel. Présentation d'un inventaire des besoins en génie logiciel pour la construction de systèmes de traduction assistée par ordinateur (tao). Présentation d'un prototype de poste de travail linguistique adapte a la construction de grammaires statiques et déjà teste par quelques utilisateurs pilotes
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Petey-Girard, Bruno. „Les premieres oeuvres de piete de guillaume du vair (1585-1587). Introduction, edition critique et annotation“. Paris 12, 1999. https://www.classiques-garnier.com/numerique-bases/garnier?filename=BpgMS01.
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Les premieres oeuvres de piete de du vair - de la saincte philosophie et les meditations bibliques - publiees a la fin du regne de henri iii constituent un reflet des mentalites religieuses au moment du renouveau spirituel catholique qui suit la cloture du concile de trente. Mais elles temoignent egalement de la capacite d'un auteur de savoir dire ce que tous disent alors au gre d'un ton et d'uneecriture personnels. La bibliographie descriptive des nombreuses editions retrouvees permet de suivre le large echo qu'elles connaissent pendant quelque trente annees. L'introduction les replace dans leur contexte historico-politique (le regne de henri iii a la veille de l'agitation ligueuse), religieux (la reforme catholique et la division religieuse du royaume), spirituel (la tradition de l'exercice spirituel de meditation) et rhetorique (la transformation de la prose) tout autant qu'elle tente de degager la specificite qui explique peut-etre leur succes ; il est ainsi possible de prendre la mesure de leur place dans la carriere, dans l'oeuvre et dans la pensee du futur chancelier de louis xiii, mais aussi leur place dans le paysage litteraire de l'epoque. L'edition critique suit la derniere edition revue avec certitude par l'auteur (1606) et propose toutes les variantes des editions publiees entre 1588 et 1641. L'annotation prolonge l'introduction en proposant a la fois des sources des citations et allusions que fait l'auteur et des rapprochements avec ses propres textes et avec des textes contemporains abordant les memes themes.
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Palummieri, Giuseppe. „Le prove della veridicità della profezia secondo il teologo Al-Mawardi : L’autore, l’opera e il suo approccio teologico“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10197/document.
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Dans cette étude, nous nous sommes assigné pour but d’examiner particulièrement les aspects théologiques de A‘lām al-nubuwwa d’al-Māwardī (m.450/1058) en considérant la véracité (sidq) de la prophétie comme le noyau de son livre. La comparaison minutieuse entre les différentes éditions examinées nous a conduit à conclure que l’édition parue au Caire en 1901 et établie sur un manuscrit original est le texte de base, et que la dernière édition parue à Beyrouth en 1994 est le texte standard sur lequel nous avons fondé l’analyse théorique des questions théologiques abordées. Pour arriver à ce résultat, nous sont apparues de grande utilité les récentes méthodes de philologie des textes imprimés appliquées d’une façon novatrice aux textes arabes. La partie centrale de notre étude est consacrée au contenu du texte original de A‘lām al-nubuwwa alors identifié et partiellement traduit. Elle a mis en lumière l’approche essentiellement apologétique de l’auteur qui se manifeste notamment dans son style de réfutation usant la théologie dialectique pour des fins argumentatives. L’approche apologétique se manifeste aussi dans le recours à des matériaux devenus habituels dans ce genre littéraire, à savoir les traditions rapportées. Le thème de la prophétie représente une partie importante de la Summa theologica islamica, et de ce point de vue A‘lām al-nubuwwa peut être considéré comme une œuvre proprement théologique. Al-Māwardī apparaît à cet égard comme un vrai théologien dialectique dans la ligne du courant sunnite et selon une orientation aš‘arite, même s’il ait été à plusieurs reprises soupçonné d’appartenir au mu‘tazilismeDuring the course of our work we aimed for an objective that allowed us to highlight essentially the theological aspects of A‘lām al-nubuwwa by al-Māwardī (m.450/1058) taking into consideration the veracity (sidq) of the prophecy the train d’union in all its’work. The meticulous comparison of the differents editions we have studied permitted us to individualize the first edition ‘Cairo 1901’, based on the original manuscript, as the ‘basic text’ and the last edition ‘Beirut 1994’ as the ‘standard text’ on which we founded our research and on which we concentrated during the course of the theoretical analysis of the theological themes dealt with. Therefore, we considered to follow to this end the recent methodology of the philology of edited texts which was an innovative application in regards to an Arab script. The focal part of our study was based upon the partially translated original contents of A‘lām al-nubuwwa. It is from this that we can highlight a prevailing apologetic tone on behalf of the author, this is the indisputable style through which the argumentative use of dialectical theology but also the frequent use of the referred traditions. The prophecy theme represents a conspicuous part of the Summa theologica islamica and it is for this reason that the A‘lām al-nubuwwa can be considered an imprint of theological work. Al-Māwardī appears to be, in this respect a real ‘dialectical’ theologian in line with the Sunnite current alongside a characteristic orientation towards aš‘arita, even if often is suspected of being part of the mu‘tazila
10
Donati, Francesco. „RNA editing deficient mutants of APOBEC1: from genome editing to cancer“. Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1096842.
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APOBEC-1 is a cytosine-to-uracil deaminase that exerts its primary physiological role in the editing of the Apolipoprotein B mRNA at C6666. Recent studies outlined the ability of APOBEC1 to edit also DNA, thus linking its mutational property to the its overexpression in cancer. Several reports suggest that APOBEC1 can alter the cellular state by targeting RNA molecules. Our hypothesis portrays APOBEC1 as the trigger for a dual path towards cancer through its DNA- and RNA- targeting abilities, and its activity as central to the onset of tumorigenic features. Aim of my PhD project is to understand whether APOBEC1 oncogenic potential is mainly related to its ability to edit RNA or DNA. To this aim, I assessed the tumorigenic potential of a set of APOBEC1 mutants, selected for a dissociation in their RNA and DNA editing ability: they are DNA editing proficient but unable to edit RNA. I characterized these mutants and I tested them in mice to assess their ability to trigger liver tumors. Even if unable to edit RNA, the APOBEC1 mutants are still able to induce tumor formation. This means that RNA editing does not play a central role in the oncogenic potential of APOBEC1.
Moreover, considering the recent developments in genome editing, I have exploited these mutants as base editors -fusions of the DNA targeting Cas9 with a DNA deaminase- that allow the correction of single bases: the most common mutator moiety in cytosine-targeting base editors is based on APOBEC1, but overexpression of the APOBEC1-Cas9 chimera results in a substantial amount of RNA and DNA off-target alterations. Once fused with Cas9, our RNA-editing deficient mutants were able to mutate the target DNA. On the other hand, I demonstrated that their off-target activity on RNA is orders of magnitude lower than that of wild type APOBEC1, at the same levels of the negative controls. Exploitation of these mutants could thus provide tools for safer base editing both in vitro and in vivo.
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Kadlčík, Stanislav. „Webový editor audia“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413324.
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The Web Based Audio Editor thesis deals with the requirements specification, selection of technologies and with the implementation itself. The thesis uses modern approaches of HTML5 standards and is divided into the client and the server parts. Both the web application and the server are implemented in JavaScript. The Web based audio editor allows basic editing features like cut, shifting, deleting. All this in multiple audio tracks. The application runs in recent versions of the most widely used web browsers.
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Lembo, Gaia. „Substrate targeting and inhibition of editing deaminases“. Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1144295.
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Identification of small molecules against APOBEC3B
The APOBECs are deaminases that act on DNA and RNA to restrict exogenous nucleic acids. Yet, the signature of their mutagenic activity –especially that of APOBEC3A and APOBEC3B- has been observed in the cancer genomes and their ability to increase the genetic heterogeneity of tumours has been linked to the onset of drug resistance in cancer. As such inhibition of their enzymatic activity represents a potential target for anticancer therapies. During my PhD I worked at the identification of APOBEC3B small-molecule inhibitors. To this aim, I used a computational approach to perform a virtual screening on large library of molecules to block APOBEC3B enzymatic activity. I then tested selected molecules from the virtual screening using biochemical assays to quantify their effect on APOBEC3B activity and their capacity to interfere with APOBEC3B binding to DNA. Through this, I was able to identify two small molecules that reduce the activity of this protein, which could provide basis for the development of the first drug for anti-APOBEC activity.
Engineering ADAR2 to act on DNA
Genome editing technologies have revolutionized our ability to target and modify the genomes of living cells and organisms. The fusion of AID/APOBECs to genome editing tools such as Cas9 allowed the development the first base editor, molecules that can be targeted to mutate specific cytosines. The pool of available Base Editors is in constant expansion as new molecules are developed to target DNA with more specificity and efficiency. As the only adenine-targeting Base Editor is based on TadA- an RNA deaminase-, I focused on the development of a A•T base editor based on the catalytic domain of ADAR2. Adenosine Deaminases Acting on RNA (ADARs), are editing enzymes that catalyse the C6 deamination of adenosine (A) to produce inosine (I) in double-stranded RNA. As human ADAR2 is able to target DNA/RNA hybrids, I first tried -without success- to use chimeras of n/dCas9 and the deaminase domain of ADAR2 to induce mutations in a fluorescent reporter. I then used a bacterial screen to select for mutants of ADAR2 that act on DNA. I selected a mutant that induces a mutator phenotype in bacteria and DNA damage in mammalian cells. I am currently working to engineer this mutant into a Base Editor suitable for biotechnological applications such as gene therapy, antiviral treatment and cancer therapy.
13
Cerisy, Tristan. „Rational and evolution-based engineering of Clostridium phytofermentans“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLE018/document.
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Le but de la recherche menée dans le cadre de cette thèse est de développer et d’appliquer de nouveaux outils de modifications chromosomiques ciblées et d’évolution dirigée in vivo chez Clostridium phytofermentans, une bactérie mésophile et anaérobie qui fermente la biomasse lignocellulosique. L’introduction présente une vue d’ensemble des recherches fondamentales et appliquées dans la biologie et la génétique des Clostridia, incluant les souches pathogènes et environnementales. Une description de l’industrie des biocarburants est détaillée pour montrer les applications possibles de C. phytofermentans dans ce domaine très compétitif. Le premier chapitre présente l’utilisation de la génomique fonctionnelle et de l’inactivation de gènes cibles pour identifier des transporteurs d’hexoses chez C. phytofermentans. Le second chapitre décrit l’application de la technique Genome Editing via Targetron and Recombinases (GETR) pour effectuer de larges délétions chromosomiques chez cette bactérie. Le troisième chapitre présente l’évolution dirigée in vivo chez C. phytofermentans pour améliorer sa résistance aux inhibiteurs issus de la biomasse lignocellulosique, incluant l’analyse des variations transcriptomique et génomiques des souches résistantes. Dans son ensemble, ce travail de thèse souligne les avantages et limites de l’approche ciblé ou de l’approche par évolution in vivo, pour étudier et modifier les ClostridiaThe research aim of this thesis project was to develop and apply new tools for targeted chromosomal changes and in vivo directed evolution of Clostridium phytofermentans, a mesophilic anaerobe that ferments lignocellulosic biomass. The introduction presents an overview of previous basic and applied research in Clostridia biology and genetics, including both pathogenic and environmental strains. A focus on the biofuel industry is reported to describe applications of C. phytofermentans in this competitive industry. Chapter one presents a study using functional genomics and targeted gene inactivation to identify hexose sugar transporters in C. phytofermentans. Chapter two describes the application of Genome Editing via Targetron and Recombinases (GETR) to make large-scale chromosomal deletions in this bacterium. Chapter 3 presents the in vivo directed evolution of C. phytofermentans to enhance its resistance to lignocellulosic inhibitors including analyses of genome-wide transcription patterns and genomic variants that arose in the resistant strains. Together, this thesis work highlights the advantages and limitations of both targeted and evolutional approaches to study and engineer Clostridia
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Khan, Erum. „IMAGE-BASED MATERIAL EDITING“. Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3242.
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Photo editing software allows digital images to be blurred, warped or re-colored at the touch of a button. However, it is not currently possible to change the material appearance of an object except by painstakingly painting over the appropriate pixels. Here we present a set of methods for automatically replacing one material with another, completely different material, starting with only a single high dynamic range image, and an alpha matte specifying the object. Our approach exploits the fact that human vision is surprisingly tolerant of certain (sometimes enormous) physical inaccuracies. Thus, it may be possible to produce a visually compelling illusion of material transformations, without fully reconstructing the lighting or geometry. We employ a range of algorithms depending on the target material. First, an approximate depth map is derived from the image intensities using bilateral filters. The resulting surface normals are then used to map data onto the surface of the object to specify its material appearance. To create transparent or translucent materials, the mapped data are derived from the object's background. To create textured materials, the mapped data are a texture map. The surface normals can also be used to apply arbitrary bidirectional reflectance distribution functions to the surface, allowing us to simulate a wide range of materials. To facilitate the process of material editing, we generate the HDR image with a novel algorithm, that is robust against noise in individual exposures. This ensures that any noise, which would possibly have affected the shape recovery of the objects adversely, will be removed. We also present an algorithm to automatically generate alpha mattes. This algorithm requires as input two images--one where the object is in focus, and one where the background is in focus--and then automatically produces an approximate matte, indicating which pixels belong to the object. The result is then improved by a second algorithm to generate an accurate alpha matte, which can be given as input to our material editing techniques.Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Computer Science
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Rubin, Benjamin. „Constraint-based cinematic editing“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14219.
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Thesis (M.S.V.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1989.Videocassette available in both UMatic 3/4 in., and standard 1/2 in. formats. -- Videodisc is CAV format. Title of videodisc: Rowes Wharf : a study in narrative time and space.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-67).
by Benjamin Rubin.
M.S.V.S.
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Amai, Takamitsu. „Development of genome editing technology of mitochondrial DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae“. Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/263707.
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Couairon, Guillaume. „Text-Based Semantic Image Editing“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS248.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de proposer des algorithmes pour la tâche d’édition d’images basée sur le texte (TIE), qui consiste à éditer des images numériques selon une instruction formulée en langage naturel. Par exemple, étant donné une image d’un chien et la requête "Changez le chien en un chat", nous voulons produire une nouvelle image où le chien a été remplacé par un chat, en gardant tous les autres aspects de l’image inchangés (couleur et pose de l’animal, arrière- plan). L’objectif de l’étoile du nord est de permettre à tout un chacun de modifier ses images en utilisant uniquement des requêtes en langage naturel. Une des spécificités de l’édition d’images basée sur du texte est qu’il n’y a pratiquement pas de données d’entraînement pour former un algorithme supervisé. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons différentes solutions pour l’édition d’images, basées sur l’adaptation de grands modèles multimodaux entraînés sur d’énormes ensembles de données. Nous étudions tout d’abord une configuration d’édition simplifiée, appelée édition d’image basée sur la recherche, qui ne nécessite pas de modifier directement l’image d’entrée. Au lieu de cela, étant donné l’image et la requête de modification, nous recherchons dans une grande base de données une image qui correspond à la modification demandée. Nous nous appuyons sur des modèles multimodaux d’alignement image/texte entraînés sur des ensembles de données à l’échelle du web (comme CLIP) pour effectuer de telles transformations sans aucun exemple. Nous proposons également le cadre SIMAT pour évaluer l’édition d’images basée sur la recherche. Nous étudions ensuite comment modifier directement l’image d’entrée. Nous proposons FlexIT, une méthode qui modifie itérativement l’image d’entrée jus- qu’à ce qu’elle satisfasse un "objectif d’édition" abstrait défini dans un espace d’intégration multimodal. Nous introduisons des termes de régularisation pour imposer des transformations réalistes. Ensuite, nous nous concentrons sur les modèles de diffusion, qui sont des modèles génératifs puissants capables de synthétiser de nouvelles images conditionnées par une grande variété d’invites textuelles. Nous démontrons leur polyvalence en proposant DiffEdit, un algorithme qui adapte les modèles de diffusion pour l’édition d’images sans réglage fin. Nous proposons une stratégie "zero-shot" pour trouver automatiquement où l’image initiale doit être modifiée pour satisfaire la requête de transformation de texteThe aim of this thesis is to propose algorithms for the task of Text-based Image Editing (TIE), which consists in editing digital images according to an instruction formulated in natural language. For instance, given an image of a dog, and the query "Change the dog into a cat", we want to produce a novel image where the dog has been replaced by a cat, keeping all other image aspects unchanged (animal color and pose, background). The north-star goal is to enable anyone to edit their images using only queries in natural language. One specificity of text-based image editing is that there is practically no training data to train a supervised algorithm. In this thesis, we propose different solutions for editing images, based on the adaptation of large multimodal models trained on huge datasets. We first study a simplified editing setup, named Retrieval-based image edit- ing, which does not require to directly modify the input image. Instead, given the image and modification query, we search in a large database an image that corresponds to the requested edit. We leverage multimodal image/text alignment models trained on web-scale datasets (like CLIP) to perform such transformations without any examples. We also propose the SIMAT framework for evaluating retrieval-based image editing. We then study how to directly modify the input image. We propose FlexIT, a method which iteratively changes the input image until it satisfies an abstract "editing objective" defined in a multimodal embedding space. We introduce a variety of regularization terms to enforce realistic transformations. Next, we focus on diffusion models, which are powerful generative models able to synthetize novel images conditioned on a wide variety of textual prompts. We demonstrate their versatility by proposing DiffEdit, an algorithm which adapts diffusion models for image editing without finetuning. We propose a zero-shot strategy for finding automatically where the initial image should be changed to satisfy the text transformation query. Finally, we study a specific challenge useful in the context of image editing: how to synthetize a novel image by giving as constraint a spatial layout of objects with textual descriptions, a task which is known as Semantic Image Synthesis. We adopt the same strategy, consisting in adapting diffusion models to solve the task without any example. We propose the ZestGuide algorithm, which leverages the spatio-semantic information encoded in the attention layers of diffusion models
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Donahue, Carla Jo. „Differences in scores derived from age-based norms versus grade-based norms on the Kaufman Test of Educational Achievement, second edition and Wechsler Individual Achievement test, second edition“. [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2009. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=980.
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Hedman, Per. „Requirement specification Editor : REQUIREMENTS EDITOR BASED ON CONTRACT THEORY“. Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-177130.
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Vid utveckling av tyngre fordon inför man allt fler avancerade funktione. Mycket av denna funktionalitet handlar om att maskiner automatiskt ska utföra uppgifter för att assistera föraren. Detta leder till att nya risker uppstår. Och till följd av detta har man börjat skapa nya funktionella säkerhetsstandarder. ISO 26262 är en ny funktionell säkerhetsstandard som finns för vanliga personbilar men som ännu inte trätt i kraft för lastbilar. I ISO-26262 standarden ska krav kunna mappas till andra krav samt till systemarkitektur. I nuläget finns det vissa verktyg på marknaden som stödjer användaren när den skriver kravspecifikationer. Men undersökningar av verktyg ledde till att vi kommit fram till att alla hade någon brist. Och ingen hade bra stöd för mappning mellan krav och systemarkitektur. I detta examensarbete har arbetet varit att testa implementera funktionalitet för ett verktyg som assisterar användaren på olika sätt när den skriver kravspecifikationer. Baserat på kontraktteori och konceptet om portar som hjälp för att koppla samman krav med systemarkitektur ska applikationen se till att det finns en formell koppling mellan dessa. För att testa och validera att portar går att använda för att testa intressant funktionalitet har också en applikation utvecklats där mycket funktionalitet implementerats. Resultatet har varit lyckat då vi baserat på kontraktteori lyckats implementera och validera att det är möjligt att använda portar för att skapa koppling mellan krav och systemarkitektur, samt mellan krav och krav. Validering av att det valda lagringsformatet JSON också förser implementeraren med nog starkt stöd för att kunna spara dessa krav så att data i filerna kan brytas ner och lagras i temporära databasen Neo4J och på så sätt skapa ett fungerande kretslopp.When developing new heavy vehicles today demands for increasingly more advanced features are asked for. A lot of the new functionality is about machines performing tasks automatically to assist the driver when driving. This leads to new risks, and as a result a new functional safety standard has been created. ISO 26262 is a functional safety standard that today exists for ordinary cars, but has not yet became a standard for trucks. According to the ISO 26262-standard requirements can be mapped to other requirements as well as to the system architecture. At present there are several tools on the market that supports the user when writing specifications. However, our research of the tools has led us to conclude that all lacked something. For example neither of the tools had good support for mapping between requirements and system architecture. In this thesis work, functionality for a tool which is supposed to support the user in various ways when writing requirements specifications was to be examined. Based on contract theory and the concept of ports that links requirements together with system architecture, an application can ensure that there is a formal link between the two. To test the suggested functionality a prototype is being developed. The result has been a successful as we based on contract theory could validate that using ports to create links between different requirements as well as between requirements and system architecture works through the implementation of the tool. Validation that the selected storage format JSON also provides the implementer with enough support to save the requirements in a way so that the data files can be decomposed and stored in the Neo4J database.
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Guido, Nicoletta <1991>. „Image-based Edition of notated manuscripts belonging to the Carmina Cantabrigiensia tradition“. Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9022.
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The aim of my work is the creation of an image-based digital edition of notated manuscripts belonging to the collection of the Carmina Cantabrigiensia by means of a software called Image Markup Tool (IMT), which allows the connection between image and text. The first section is devoted to the description of the anthology of the Carmina Cantabrigiensia, along with the role of the neumatic notation during the Middle Ages, and the analysis of the 36 notated manuscripts, recovered in several Italian and European libraries, and actual part of the project. The second section deals with the theoretical aspect of the digital humanities, considering the role of the New Philology, several European and Italian projects, and the description of the markup languages from the born of SGML until the release of XML and the TEI used to codify the metadata: core of a digital edition. The last part of the work is dedicated to the description of the tool used for the realization of the digital edition, along with all the features of this project. The user is provided not only with the diplomatic and the critical edition of each text, but also with the description of the single neumes located on its line and with a philological commentary, in order to better understand the Carmen from both a linguistic and historical point of view. Advantages, along with possible drawbacks of my project are considered, connecting it with other works realized with the same tool.
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Choudhury, Surajit. „A fragment based program editor /“. Thesis, McGill University, 1986. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=65502.
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Carron, H. C. „A critical edition of "Petrs saga postola I" based on the Codex Scardensis“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536937.
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Silva, Patricia Aparecida da. „Brahms' Trio in A minor, Op. 114: a transcription and edition for double bass, clarinet, and piano“. Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5851.
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Chamber music is a major area of neglect in the study of the double bass, and the instrument has also suffered from a scarcity of chamber music literature written by major composers. As bassists focus predominantly on solo and orchestral repertoire, the purpose of this study is to enrich the double bass literature and increase awareness of chamber music as a tool for bassists to develop as artists by providing a transcription of Johannes Brahms’s Trio in A minor, Op.114 for double bass, clarinet, and piano. The transcription adds to the literature for double bass from the Romantic era, giving players the chance to work on their technical and musical skills in a chamber music setting. In addition, performance of this transcription will enhance double bassists’ understanding of the style of one of the most important nineteenth-century composers.
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Robert, de Gretham Blumreich Kathleen Marie. „The Middle English "Mirror" an edition based on Bodleian Library, MS Holkham misc. 40 /“. Tempe, Ariz. : Arizona Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies in collaboration with BREPOLS, 2002. http://books.google.com/books?id=x0FbAAAAMAAJ.
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Based on author's Thesis (Ph. D.) Michigan State University, 1991.A collection of 60 homilies from the anonymous Middle English translation of Robert de Gretham's Anglo-Norman Miroir, or Les évangiles des domnées. Includes bibliographical references (p. [555]-558) and index. Also issued in print.
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Denman, Christopher David. „DEFINING THE ROLE OF THE TECHNICAL COMMUNICATOR: AN INTERNSHIP WITH THE WEB-BASED LEARNING GROUP AT THE KROGER COMPANY“. Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1102534243.
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Han, Kwon Soo. „Surveygen: A web-based survey editor“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1998. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1786.
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Hausen, Michelle Jennifer. „Converting Instructor-Led Training to Web-Based Training at Atos Origin“. Miami University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1211941818.
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Jeet, E. J. „A relationship-based interactive graphical diagram editor“. Thesis, University of Kent, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378580.
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Chetluru, Soujanya Sreedhara. „Mindful Eating and Eating Pathology: Correlation between the Mindful Eating Questionnaire and the Eating Disorder Inventory-3rd Edition“. TopSCHOLAR®, 2018. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/3050.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between mindful eating and eating pathology. This was accomplished by using two measures, the Eating Disorder Inventory, Third Edition (EDI-3), and the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ). Participants included in this study were 134 students from a midsized mid-south university who were asked to complete a demographics measure, EDI-3, and MEQ. Only three scales from the EDI-3 were considered; Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, and Body Dissatisfaction. Combined they provide an Eating Disorder Risk Composite (EDRC) score. Results indicated that there was no significant relationship between the MEQ overall score and the EDRC score, which implies that there is no relationship between mindful eating and eating pathology, specifically eating disorder risk. Additional analyses revealed significant negative correlations between the Awareness, Disinhibition, and Emotional Response subscales of the MEQ and the EDRC score. This study contributes to the limited research on the relationship between mindful eating and eating pathology. Results from this study indicate that the specific aforementioned factors have a greater impact on eating pathology when compared to the overall concept of mindfulness.
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Matheson, Robert Newell. „New Performance Editions of Three Works for Double Bass by Theodor Albin Findeisen (1881-1936)“. Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242435.
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The purpose of this project is to bring to light three concert works by Theodor Albin Findeisen (1881-1936), namely Nixenreigen, Elegie, and Romantische Suite, and prepare them for use by modern double bassists. Save for Findeisen's compositions, which are largely out of print and unknown, the Late Romantic Austro-German school of composition is not represented in the double bass concert repertory. To establish the historical significance of Findeisen's concert works for double bass, this document includes background information on the composer and his work. This research culminates in the creation of newly arranged, transposed, transcribed, and edited performance editions that are informed by Findeisen's methodology and by modern performance techniques. This document addresses editorial decisions in creating these new editions.
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Kounev, Samuel. „Performance engineering of distributed component based systems : benchmarking, modeling and performance prediction /“. Aachen : Shaker, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014763552&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Watanabe, Toyohide, Yuuji Yoshida und Teruo Fukumura. „Editing model based on the object-oriented approach“. IEEE, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6930.
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Rangaswamy, Sudeep 1975. „Interactive editing tools for image-based rendering systems“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47536.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and, Thesis (B.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 95-96).
by Sudeep Rangaswamy.
B.S.
M.Eng.
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Wigmore, Angela Michelle. „Speech-based creation and editing of mathematical content“. Thesis, Kingston University, 2011. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/23729/.
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For most people, the creation and editing of mathematical text in electronic documents is a slow, tedious and error-prone activity. For people with disabilities, especially blindness or severe visual impairments, this is far more of a problem. The lack of easy access to good mathematical resources limits the educational and career opportunities for people with such disabilities. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) could enable both able-bodied and people who are physically disabled gain better access to mathematics. However, whilst ASR has improved over recent years, most speech recognition systems do not support the input and editing of dictated mathematical expressions. In this thesis, we present results of studies of how students and staff at Kingston University, of various levels of mathematical achievement, read-out given expressions in English. Furthermore, we analyse evidence, both from our own studies, and from transcriptions of mathematics classes recorded in the British National Corpus (BNC), that people do consistently place pauses to mark the grouping of subexpressions. The results from this enabled us to create an innovative context-free attribute grammar capable of capturing a high proportion of GCSE-Ievel spoken mathematics, of which can be syntactically incorrect and/or incomplete. This attribute grammar was implemented, tested and evaluated in our prototype system TalkMaths. We also compiled statistics of "common sequences" of mathematics-related keywords from these two sources, with a view to using these to develop a "predictive model" for use in our system. We implemented and evaluated a prototype system TalkMaths, that enables the dictation of mathematical expressions, up to approximately GCSE level, and converts them into various electronic document formats Our evaluations of this system showed that people of various levels of mathematical ability can learn how to produce electronic mathematical documents by speech. These studies have demonstrated that producing mathematical documents by speech is a viable alternative to using the keyboard & mouse, especially for those who rely on speech recognition software to use a computer. A novel editing paradigm, based on a "hybrid grid" is proposed, implemented and tested in a further usability study. Although the evaluation of this editing paradigm is incomplete, it has demonstrated that it is promising and worthy of further research.
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Kim, Hyeongwoo [Verfasser]. „Learning-based face reconstruction and editing / Hyeongwoo Kim“. Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1219068837/34.
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Lin, Kai. „Maintaining Dataflow Constraints in Real-Time Collaborative Graphic Editing Systems“. Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366630.
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The attributes of graphic objects are often inherently related to each other. For example, the width and height of a square are the same; the y coordinates of the two end-points of a horizontal line are identical. The ability to describe the relationships between graphic attributes and to automatically maintain these relationships opens many possibilities for making graphic objects behave in complex and sophisticated ways. Nowadays, many single-user commercial graphic editing systems are able to automatically maintain the relationships between graphic objects by means of constraints. As a result, to leverage these constraint-based single-user applications for multi-user collaboration, constraints must be maintained in collaborative environments.
A constraint is a relationship or condition that should be maintained in a system. Constraint-based applications are able to simplify users’ jobs by allowing users to concentrate on saying what should be true, thereby leaving the constraint systems to worry about when and how to make these things true. However, maintaining constraints in collaborative systems is difficult. Users may concurrently define conflicting constraints in a collaborative system; the satisfaction methods of different constraints may interfere with each other; maintaining both constraints and consistency in replicated collaborative systems is a challenge. Accordingly, most of the existing collaborative graphic editing systems are unable to maintain constraints.
This thesis concentrates on maintaining a type of frequently used constraint, dataflow constraint, in real-time collaborative graphic editing systems. Dataflow constraints have been applied in a wide variety of single-user applications, including spreadsheet, user interface, simulation, and graphic editing systems. Dataflow constraints are especially useful in maintaining the relationships between graphic attributes in graphic editing systems. A dataflow constraint is an equation. Any relationship that can be expressed by an equation can be represented as a dataflow constraint. A dataflow constraint can be characterized as one-way or multi-way according to how many constraint satisfaction methods are associated with it. One-way dataflow constraints are widely adopted by single-user commercial systems because of their simplicity, efficiency and manageability. In contrast, multi-way dataflow constraints, which are more flexible and powerful, are adopted by some sophisticated graphic editing systems, such as CAD systems.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Information and Communication Technology
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
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Riddersma, Stan. „An empirical study of pen-based editing and annotation“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35926.pdf.
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Oh, Byong Mok 1969. „A system for image-based modeling and photo editing“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8511.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (p. 169-178).
Traditionally in computer graphics, a scene is represented by geometric primitives composed of various materials and a collection of lights. Recently, techniques for modeling and rendering scenes from a set of pre-acquired images have emerged as an alternative approach, known as image-based modeling and rendering. Much of the research in this field has focused on reconstructing and rerendering from a set of photographs, while little work has been done to address the problem of editing and modifying these scenes. On the other hand, photo-editing systems, such as Adobe Photoshop, provide a powerful, intuitive, and practical means to edit images. However, these systems are limited by their two-dimensional nature. In this thesis, we present a system that extends photo editing to 3D. Starting from a single input image, the system enables the user to reconstruct a 3D representation of the captured scene, and edit it with the ease and versatility of 2D photo editing. The scene is represented as layers of images with depth, where each layer is an image that encodes both color and depth. A suite of user-assisted tools are employed, based on a painting metaphor, to extract layers and assign depths. The system enables editing from different viewpoints, extracting and grouping of image-based objects, and modifying the shape, color, and illumination of these objects. As part of the system, we introduce three powerful new editing tools. These include two new clone brushing tools: the non-distorted clone brush and the structure-preserving clone brush. They permit copying of parts of an image to another via a brush interface, but alleviate distortions due to perspective foreshortening and object geometry.
(cont.) The non-distorted clone brush works on arbitrary 3D geometry, while the structure-preserving clone brush, a 2D version, assumes a planar surface, but has the added advantage of working directly in 2D photo-editing systems that lack depth information. The third tool, a texture-illuminance decoupling filter, discounts the effect of illumination on uniformly textured areas by decoupling large- and small-scale features via bilateral filtering. This tool is crucial for relighting and changing the materials of the scene. There are many applications for such a system, for example architectural, lighting and landscape design, entertainment and special effects, games, and virtual TV sets. The system allows the user to superimpose scaled architectural models into real environments, or to quickly paint a desired lighting scheme of an interior, while being able to navigate within the scene for a fully immersive 3D experience. We present examples and results of complex architectural scenes, 360-degree panoramas, and even paintings, where the user can change viewpoints, edit the geometry and materials, and relight the environment.
by Byong Mok Oh.
Ph.D.
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Valêncio, Carlos Roberto. „UM EDITOR GENÉRICO SENSÍVEL À SINTAXE ARMAZENADA NUMA BASE DE DADOS“. Universidade de São Paulo, 1993. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-20082018-090027/.
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Este trabalho descreve a implementação do Protótipo de um Editor Sensível à Sintaxe (PEGSS). Nesta versão o Editor oferece a edição sensível à sintaxe para um subconjunto das linguagens Pascal, C e FORTRAN. Programas sintaticamente corretos são construídos através da requisição pelo usuário de gabaritos que correspondem aos comandos e pela descrição das expressões. É proposto um modo único de representação interna dos programas editados sob o contexto desse Editor. Assim, um conjunto de ferramentas pode beneficiar-se dessa forma de representação. Por exemplo, é permitido que programas escritos em um linguagem sejam obtidos em qualquer das outras linguagens contempladas pelo Editor. Além disso, pode ser efetuada a adição de novas linguagens pertencentes a um mesmo paradigma, pois a construção dessa representação interna prevê esta extensão. Neste trabalho são apresentadas as caracteristicas do PEGSS: a estrutura utilizada para a exibição dos seus programas, a representação interna destes programas, a manipulação das expressões e, finalmente, como foram especificados e implementados os módulos principais que compõem este Sistema.This work describes the construction of the Prototype of an Editor Sensible to Sintax(PEGSS). In this version the Editor offers the edition sensible to sintax to a subgroup of the Pascal , C and FORTRAN languages. Programs syntatically correct are build through the requirement by the templates users that correspond to the command and through the description of the expressions. It\'s proposed an only manner of intern representation of programs editored under a context of this Editor. So, a group of tools can be benefited of this representations form. For instance, it is allowed that programs written in a language are obtained in any of the other languages suported by the Editor. Besides, the adition of new languages belonging to same paradigm can be made, therefore the construction of this intern representation foresees this expansion. In this work the caracteristics of the PEGSS are presented: the structure utilized to an exibition of its programs, the intern representation of these programs, the manipulation of the expressions and, finally, how were specified and build the main modulus that arrange this system.
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Ng, Elizabeth P. Y. „Development of the Presto pen-based music editor“. Thesis, University of Canterbury. Computer Science, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9414.
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Deficiencies in existing methods of music input have made the process slow and tedious; text music editors are difficult to use, graphical music editors are slow, and Optical Music Recognition is inaccurate and requires cumbersome equipment. This research aims to develop one of the fastest and easiest methods for entering music into computers-the pen-based music input.
The design of pen music input closely follows the idea of traditional pencil and manuscript for musicians. Musicians draw sketches on the system similar to those they do on paper. The development of smaller and lighter low-cost pen computers enables the system to be portable.
This thesis develops an earlier method for using pen computers to input music, called Presto. It extends the gesture set and further develops the system in Presto. The objectives of Presto are to be fast, easy to learn, easy to use, and portable. This thesis first reviews existing gesture sets and graphical music editors. Next, four aspects of Presto are investigated: gestures, editing features, drawing beams, and feedback. The research on each part reviews existing work on the relevant issues, then designs and implements improvements. Presto has become significantly faster than its previous version, and many features are improved to make it more usable. It can be three to more than four times faster than using other methods to input music.
The research on the pen-based music input has greatly improved accuracy, functionality, speed, and usability of Presto, making it a useful technique for musicians.
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Turón, Rodrigo Gemma. „A genome editing based approach to study tumor cell heterogeneity“. Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667524.
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Colorectal tumors are not homogeneous entities but rather composed of a mixture of cells with different phenotypes, reminiscent of healthy intestinal epithelium cell types. Intestinal epithelium is one of the organs with highest self-renewal rate, maintained by a pool of highly proliferating stem cells located at the base of the crypts. Daughters of the stem cells abandon the crypts and differentiate as they move up the villi, in a process that takes no longer than six days. Recent findings suggest that colorectal cancers (CRCs), like normal intestine, rely on a stem cell hierarchy for its growth. Cancer stem cells, identified by LGR5 gene expression, are at the apex of this hierarchy, and are thought to be the drivers of CRC expansion and metastasis. This thesis is focused on characterizing the growth dynamics of the different tumor compartments and identifying the cells that fuel tumor growth. Moreover, we have also tried to elucidate which is the cell of origin of metastasis.
To complete this project we have first developed new models to study human disease, as most of the previous work relied on genetically modified mouse models to reproduce the disease. Here, we have combined patient-derived organoid 3D cultures and CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing techniques to insert fluorescent reporter proteins under the control of our genes of interest. This has allowed us to visualize different tumor cell types in vivo using LGR5, KRT20 and EMP1 as markers for stemness, differentiation and invasion respectively. In addition, we have also set up a system to follow the progeny of the abovementioned populations in vivo in intact tumors.
We have identified the different tumor compartments by subcutaneously injecting modified human organoids into immunosuppressed mice. Flow cytometry purification and reinjection into secondary hosts of stem-like and differentiated-like cells has enabled us to discover that cancer cells retaining stem cell characteristics are more proficient in tumor initiation than the rest of the tumor. Nevertheless, lineage tracing of the abovementioned genes in an intact tumor cell environment shows how both stem and differentiated progenies are able to give rise to long lasting clones and thus equally fuel tumor growth. Furthermore, we have observed plasticity arising from both cell types, indicative that the cellular hierarchy is disrupted during tumor progression.
In addition, we have defined EMP1 as a putative gene marker for invasive cells. EMP1-High cells are a differentiated subset of tumor cells that harbor migratory properties and secrete myeloid recruiting chemokines to the tumor site. Myeloid cells have been shown to contribute to all steps of metastasis in several cancer types. We hypothesize that this EMP1+ subpopulation is the one that disseminates from the primary tumor and initiates metastasis. For metastatic studies, we have resorted to mouse derived tumor organoids that allow the growth of primary and metastatic disease in fully immunocompetent ice, and we have set up new models to study disease relapse in metastatic sites upon primary tumor removal
Taken together, our data provides new insights on the mode of tumor growth in advanced human colorectal carcinomas and suggests that stem cell traits are not required for tumor growth neither metastatic spread, contrary to what was initially though based on mouse adenoma studies.Els tumors colorectals no són una entitat homogènia sinó que estan formats per una barreja de cèl·lules de fenotips variats, reminiscents dels tipus cel·lulars de l’epiteli intestinal sa. Estudis recents suggereixen que el creixement del càncer colorectal (CCR), igual que el de l’intestí normal, està mediat per una jerarquia amb origen en cèl·lules mare. Les cèl·lules mare del càncer, identificades per l’expressió del gen LGR5, es troben a l’àpex de la jerarquia i impulsen l’expansió del CCR i la metàstasis. Aquesta tesi se centra en caracteritzar la dinàmica d’expansió dels diferents compartiments tumorals i en identificar les cèl·lules que en mantenen el creixement. També hem intentat elucidar quina és la cèl·lula d’origen de la metàstasi. Per a realitzar aquest projecte primer hem desenvolupat nous models per estudiar la malaltia humana, combinant el cultiu d’organoids derivats de pacients i l’edició genòmica mitjançant CRISPR/Cas9. Això ens ha permès visualitzar diferents tipus cel·lulars tumorals in vivo usant LGR5, KRT20 i EMP1 com a marcadors de cèl·lula mare, cèl·lula diferenciada i cèl·lula invasiva, respectivament. Addicionalment, també hem establert un sistema per seguir la progènie de les poblacions mencionades. Hem descobert que tant el compartiment de cèl·lules mare com el diferenciat són capaços de donar lloc a una progènie que persisteix en el temps, suggerint que ambdós tipus cel·lulars contribueixen al creixement tumoral. A més a més, hem observat plasticitat entre els dos compartiments, cosa que indica que la jerarquia cel·lular es perd durant el desenvolupament del tumor. Finalment, mitjançant l’ús d’EMP1 com a marcador de cèl·lules invasives hem identificat un subgrup de cèl·lules diferenciades amb propietats migratòries i amb potencial per reclutar cèl·lules mieloides. La nostra hipòtesi és que la població EMP1+ és la que dissemina del tumor primari i inicia la metàstasi. En resum , les nostres dades suposen una nova visió en l’estudi del mode de creixement del càncer de colon d’estadis avançats en humà, i suggereixen que els trets de cèl·lula mare no són necessaris per creixement tumoral ni la disseminació metastàtica, contràriament al que es pensava inicialment, degut als estudis realitzats en adenoma de ratolí.
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Goodisman, Aaron (Aaron Abraham). „A stylus-based user interface for text : entry and editing“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38858.
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Thesis (S.B. and S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 1991.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-100).
A computer system with a user interface based on a stylus offers many potential benefits. A stylus is portable, usable with one hand, and works with a wide variety of systems, from notebook-sized computers to computers with wall-sized displays. In any new system, the methods by which a user manipulates textual information are important. This thesis explores the utility of stylus-based input for several text-related tasks, and informally studies a number of user interaction techniques. We describe a system for entering text with a stylus and investigate user interface techniques for interfacing with a text recognizer, concluding that a stylus is a feasible input device for entering small amounts of text. We also implement a simple text editing system utilizing gestural commands and explore the interactions of a stylus with some additional user interface techniques: scrolling and on-screen buttons. We discuss some alternatives in the design of such an editing system, including the use of "markup editing." We conclude that stylus-based systems can be easy to use and learn and lend themselves to the incorporation of knowledge about users' tasks.
by Aaron Goodisman.
S.B.and S.M.
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Ho, Shu Lim. „Topology-based character motion synthesis“. Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/5029.
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This thesis tackles the problem of automatically synthesizing motions of close-character interactions which appear in animations of wrestling and dancing. Designing such motions is a daunting task even for experienced animators as the close contacts between the characters can easily result in collisions or penetrations of the body segments. The main problem lies in the conventional representation of the character states that is based on the joint angles or the joint positions. As the relationships between the body segments are not encoded in such a representation, the path-planning for valid motions to switch from one posture to another requires intense random sampling and collision detection in the state-space. In order to tackle this problem, we consider to represent the status of the characters using the spatial relationship of the characters. Describing the scene using the spatial relationships can ease users and animators to analyze the scene and synthesize close interactions of characters. We first propose a method to encode the relationship of the body segments by using the Gauss Linking Integral (GLI), which is a value that specifies how much the body segments are winded around each other. We present how it can be applied for content-based retrieval of motion data of close interactions, and also for synthesis of close character interactions. Next, we propose a representation called Interaction Mesh, which is a volumetric mesh composed of points located at the joint position of the characters and vertices of the environment. This raw representation is more general compared to the tangle-based representation as it can describe interactions that do not involve any tangling nor contacts. We describe how it can be applied for motion editing and retargeting of close character interaction while avoiding penetration and pass-throughs of the body segments. The application of our research is not limited to computer animation but also to robotics, where making robots conduct complex tasks such as tangling, wrapping, holding and knotting are essential to let them assist humans for the daily life.
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Hu, Xian Xiang. „Implementation of a constraint-based graphics editor for Relix“. Thesis, McGill University, 1991. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=61193.
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This thesis addresses the implementation of gedit, a constraint-based graphics editor for exploring constraint techniques in a graphics system and extending a database system with graphics processing facility.As a graphic operation of the relational database system relix, gedit provides an interactive graphics edit window for the relix user to draw and save graphics as a database relation. A constraint technique is used in gedit as a means for making precise graphics and constructing new graphics by applying constraints to existing graphics.
The abstract graphics description is represented as five kinds of primitive drawings: point, circle, polyline, polygon, and text. A constraint is visualized on the screen as an icon which shows the relationship among the graphics objects constrained. A set of basic commands for graphics and constraints are presented. A constraint satisfaction mechanism for building up simultaneous equations for constraints and solving the system of equations to get the expected result is also provided.
The design and implementation of gedit are given in object-oriented programming style.
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Fredriksson, Adman Anna. „Heymericus de Campo: Dyalogus super Reuelacionibus beate Birgitte : A Critical Edition with an Introduction“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för klassiska språk, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3581.
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This dissertation contains an edition of Dyalogus super Reuelacionibus beate Birgitte, which is a discussion and defence of the Revelations (Reuelaciones) of St. Birgitta of Sweden (ca. 1303-1373). In legal proceedings at the Council of Basle (1431-1449), the Reuelaciones were accused of heresy, examined and defended. Among the defenders was Heymericus de Campo (1395-1460), who at that time was professor of theology at the University of Cologne. In addition to the formal examination reports, Heymericus wrote a dialogue on the subject. The Dyalogus, which was probably composed as a contribution to a debate, is tentatively dated to have been written between October 1434 and February 17, 1435. The main part of Dyalogus consists of 123 text passages extracted from the Reuelaciones and accused of heresy, and Heymericus’ defence of these text passages. The aim of the defence is to prove that the Reuelaciones are truly orthodox and thus inspired by God. In addition, Heymericus intends to display the reasons and arguments the impugners had for questioning the Reuelaciones. Dyalogus and the other defences were read and copied foremost within the Birgittine order. The judgement passed at the proceedings called for a commentary before the Reuelaciones could be disseminated to the whole of their extent. To the Birgittines the defences of Basle filled this purpose, at least for some time. The extensive introduction of the thesis deals with the historical context of the text, its use and importance, its place within the author’s literary production, the contents and language of the text, and finally the textual transmission. Vadstena Abbey’s copy of the text is chosen as base manuscript for the edition.
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Kiss, Szilárd. „3D character centred online editing modalities for VRML-based virtual environments“. Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2003. http://doc.utwente.nl/57873.
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Welsman-Dinelle, Michael. „The animation canvas : a sketch-based visual language for motion editing“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39815.
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We propose the Animation Canvas, a system for working with character animation. The canvas is an interactive two-dimensional environment similar to a sketch editor. Abstract interaction modes and controls are provided to support editing tasks. Consistent motion-as-curve and pose-as-point metaphors unify different features of the system. The metaphors and interactive elements of the system define a visual language allowing users to explore, manipulate, and create motions.
The canvas also serves as a framework for presenting interactive motion editing techniques. We have developed two techniques in order to explore possibilities for motion editing while demonstrating the flexibility of the system. The first technique is a method for interacting with motion graphs in order to explore motion connectivity and construct new blended motions from shorter clips. The second is a real-time spatial interpolation system that enables users to construct new motions or control an animated character.
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Moshiri, Houta. „Fluorescence-based reporter substrate for monitoring RNA editing in Trypanosomatid pathogens“. Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116117.
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Mitochondrial gene expression in trypanosomatid pathogens requires extensive post transcriptional modification called RNA editing. This unique molecular mechanism, catalyzed by a multiprotein complex (the editosome), generates translatable transcripts for essential components of parasite respiratory complex. How editosome proteins are assembled and perform RNA editing is not fully understood. Moreover, previous studies have shown that editosome proteins are essential for parasite survival, which makes editosome as a suitable target for drug discovery. Currently, researchers use radio-labeled based assays to monitor RNA editing process. However, these assays are not suitable for high throughput screening of editosome inhibitors, have low detection limits, and cannot monitor RNA editing in real time.Therefore, to develop a sensitive high throughput RNA editing assay, we have designed a sensitive hammerhead ribozyme-based fluorescence assay. Ribozyme structure was remodeled by adding or removing uridylate in its conserved catalytic core to make an inactive ribozyme. In the presence of the editosome, inactive ribozyme is edited to an active ribozyme. Consequently, hammerhead ribozyme activity can be measured by cleaving its fluorescently labeled substrate. We have shown that higher sensitivity is achieved using fluorescent based assay than conventional radio-labeled assay. Moreover, we can use this assay for rapid identification and characterization of the editosome inhibitors against RNA editing activities in trypanosomatids.
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Reis, Philipp [Verfasser]. „Limited-Editions – state of research, willingness to pay and price-based consumer behaviour / Philipp Reis“. Mainz : Universitätsbibliothek Mainz, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1165906414/34.
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Tardelli, Terry Claudia. „Francesco da Buti's commentary on Dante's Commedia : new critical edition, based on MS Nap. XIII C 1 Purgatorio, Paradiso“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709324.
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