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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution"
Aribi, Nadia, Béatrice Denis, Samira Kilani-Morakchi und Dominique Joly. „L’azadirachtine, un pesticide naturel aux effets multiples“. médecine/sciences 36, Nr. 1 (Januar 2020): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019268.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDOUAFER, Louiza. „Le Premier Séminaire National sur : Biodiversité, Santé et Environnement: Enjeux du Développement Durable“. URBAN ART BIO 2, Nr. 3 (29.01.2024): 279. http://dx.doi.org/10.35788/uab.v2i3.108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDipama, Jean-Marie. „Les risques de dégradation des écosystèmes liés à la culture du coton au Burkina Faso : le cas du parc national de Pô“. Articles 40, Nr. 2 (24.03.2011): 29–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1001387ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDiop, Cheikh, Dorothée Dewaele, Aminata Toure, Mathilde Cabral, Fabrice Cazier, Mamadou Fall, Baghdad Ouddane und Amadou Diouf. „Étude de la contamination par les éléments traces métalliques des sédiments cotiers au niveau des points d’évacuation des eaux usées à Dakar (Sénégal)“. Revue des sciences de l’eau 25, Nr. 3 (28.11.2012): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1013107ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePellerin-Massicotte, Jocelyne, Bruno Vincent und Émilien Pelletier. „Évaluation écotoxicologique de la baie des Anglais à Baie-Comeau (Québec)“. Water Quality Research Journal 28, Nr. 4 (01.11.1993): 665–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1993.035.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoore, Jean-David. „Premières mentions de vers de terre au parc naturel et historique de l’île aux Basques“. Le Naturaliste canadien 143, Nr. 2 (04.06.2019): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1060053ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRamade, François, und Hélène Roche. „Effets des polluants sur les écosystèmes récifaux“. Revue d'Écologie (La Terre et La Vie) 61, Nr. 1 (2006): 3–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/revec.2006.1297.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoux, Natacha, Pauline Salis und Vincent Laudet. „Les larves de poissons coralliens : un nouveau modèle d’étude de la métamorphose et des hormones thyroïdiennes“. Biologie Aujourd'hui 213, Nr. 1-2 (2019): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeauchesne, David, Cindy Grant, Dominique Gravel und Philippe Archambault. „L’évaluation des impacts cumulés dans l’estuaire et le golfe du Saint-Laurent : vers une planification systémique de l’exploitation des ressources“. Le Naturaliste canadien 140, Nr. 2 (02.06.2016): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036503ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBachand, Étienne, und Sophie Comtois. „Recharge en sable et revégétalisation de 2 plages de l’estuaire du Saint-Laurent, Québec“. Le Naturaliste canadien 140, Nr. 2 (02.06.2016): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1036508ar.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution"
Asanthi, Hewa Bandulage. „Etude des assemblages ichtyologiques et accumulation de métaux dans des écosystèmes lagunaires au Sri Lanka“. Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON13506.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoussel, Hélène. „Les effets du cuivre sur la structure et le fonctionnement des écosystèmes aquatiques : une étude en mésocosmes lotiques“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30235.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCopper is known to be a nonspecific toxicant and is frequently used as an algicide, fungicide, bactericide, plant herbicide and molluscicide in the aquatic environment. The aim of this project was to evaluate the effects of copper on the structure and function of freshwater ecosystems. To achieve this goal, the use of experimental streams called mesocosms allowed to realize ecologically realistic study while controlling many parameters. During 18 months, environmentally realistic concentrations of copper (0, 5, 25 and 75 µg/L) where applied on 12 outdoor mesocosms of 20 m long. Results showed an effect on both structure and function of the ecosystem and considering all those results, a NOECecosystem was set up at 5 µg/L for fresh water ecosystems
Marusczak, Nicolas. „Etude du transfert du mercure et du méthylmercure dans les écosystèmes lacustres alpins“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00553704.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLomakine, Cédric. „Contribution des bassins versants aux pollutions des écosystèmes conchylicoles du Croisic et de Pen-Bé : approche par couplage d'un sig avec un modèle agro-hydrologique“. Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT3006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the study is to evaluate the origin of various anthropic continental uses in shellfish aquaculture areas of The presqu'île Guérandaise (Loire Atlantique, France). To carry out this research, two approachs are tested. The first consists in the assessment of pollution risks in watersheds by using index created with the GIS. The second method deals with modelling with AVSWAT model the pollutant flows from littoral watersheds slightly instrumented and characterized by a strong variability of agricultural and urban uses. The GIS and modelling results underline the spatial variability of pollution risks due to agricultural and urban uses according to the watersheds. These both methods highlight that in majority the tidal marshes of Traicts du Croisic receive urban contribution and the tidal marshes of Traicts de Pen-Bé collect pollution coming from agricultural practices
Gandois, Laure. „Dynamique et bilan des éléments traces métalliques (ETM) dans des écosystèmes forestiers français : modélisation, spéciation et charges critiques“. Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/810/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTrace Metals (TM: Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb and Zn) are dispersed in the atmosphere due to both natural and anthropogenic processes. Forest ecosystems can receive atmospheric inputs, even if they are located far from direct emission sources. In fact, forest ecosystems are particularly sensitive to atmospheric inputs since forest cover can interact with atmospheric pollution. Forest ecosystems are protected from TM atmospheric inputs through the definition of Critical Loads. TM impact on forest ecosystem is linked to their dynamic at the atmosphere/vegetation and soil/solution interfaces. Indeed, forest cover modifies atmospheric inputs. Moreover, it is through soil solution that TM are available to the biosphere and can reach ground and surface waters. During this work, TM content and speciation were determined in diverse compartments of the ecosystem (open field precipitation, throughfall, soil, soil solution and vegetation) on six forested catchments. TM partitioning between total and extractable content and soil solution, was studied in relation with soil parameters. PH was the most significant parameter for most TM extractability and solubility prediction. Cu and Pb solubility was also greatly influenced by complexation with organic colloids. Atmospheric inputs are moderate and regional differences reveal a stronger atmospheric influence on the North-East of France. Forest cover greatly modifies atmospheric inputs. Some fluxes (Cd, Ni, Cu and Zn) are reduced because of direct assimilation by forest canopy. Other fluxes (Pb, Cr and Sb) are increased following dry deposition accumulation on forest canopy. Elemental budget at the plot scale depend on soil type, TM solubility in soil solution and TM mobility in trees. Critical limits and loads have been evaluated and comparison with current soil solution concentration and atmospheric inputs revealed no exceedance
Rathgeber, Cyrille. „Impact des changements climatiques et de l'augmentation du taux de CO2 atmosphérique sur la productivité des écosystèmes forestiers : exemple du pin d'Alep (Pinus halepensis Mill.) en Provence calcaire (France)“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX30033.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleData from 21 Aleppo pine stands have allowed to calculate a synthetic growth index which expresses inter-annual productivity variations. For each stand, three types of models (climatic, bioclimatic and biogeochemistry) have been confronted to the observations and validated. The biogeochemistry model is not sensitive to climatic changes but simulates a strong productivity increase linked to the increase of CO2 rate. The climatic model of growth simulates, in response of climatic change, a strong increase of productivity linked to the increase of spring temperatures. The bioclimatic model simulates a significant decrease of productivity linked to the increase of summer drought period. The response of a stand depends on the site conditions. The exposure, in fact, determines the thermal balance when the slope, the soil water capacity and the permeability of the substratum constraint the water balance
Rossi, Nadège. „Ecologie des communautés planctoniques méditerranéennes et étude des métaux lourds (Cuivre, Plomb, Cadmium) dans différents compartiments de deux écosystèmes côtiers (Toulon, France)“. Toulon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00439972/fr/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEcological studies of bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton are of major interest because these organisms constitute the food web basis. In coastal ecosystems, plankton communities are subjected to anthropogenic inputs which could influence their ecology. The framework of this study is plankton ecology and measurments of metal concentrations in different compartments of coastal ecosystems. An annual study (sampling twice a month) and a diel cycle were made in two neighbouring ecosystems differently affected by anthropogenic inputs, Little Bay and Large Bay of Toulon (France, north-west Mediterranean Sea), considering bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton communities. During the annual cycle, copper, lead and cadmium concentrations were measured in seawater, suspended particulate matter, bacteria, phytoplankton and zooplankton. Results showed that plankton ecology was principally influenced by meteorological conditions, both bays showing a different functioning because of their geomorphology. Plankton density was higher in Little Bay than in Large Bay, whereas diversity was higher in Large Bay than in Little Bay. Concerning metals, the in situ study showed metal concentrations higher in Little Bay than in Large Bay whatever the compartment studied. Some biological factors as density, taxonomic composition and the place where organisms live, showed an influence on the metal composition of plankton communities. Bacteria and phytoplankton showed great capacities to concentrate metals, in particular for copper and lead. In contrast, zooplankton constituted a break in the metal bioaccumulation along the food web. Finally, the important role of the suspended particulate matter as a metal trap was confirmed, showing the importance of working on pure plankton samples to have a good estimation of metal concentrations in the different plankton compartments
Triffault-Bouchet, Gaëlle. „Effets sur les écosystèmes aquatiques lentiques des émissions de polluants provenant de différents modes de valorisation/élimination de déchets - Application à des mâchefers d'IUOM et à des boues de dragage de canaux“. Chambéry, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CHAMS004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWaste reused has been promoted by the definition of final wastes (law of the 13/07/92). The impact of two scenarios against lentic ecosystems was studied : one deals with municipal solid waste incineration bottom ashes (MSWIBA) reused in road embankment, the other with under water deposition of dredged materials in a gravel pit. One of the purpose of yhis study was to complete the methodology for the assessment of waste ecocompatibility, focused by ADEME. The toxic potential of these materials have been distinguished and ordered according to their toxic potential. Four of the dredged materials were characterized by a high toxic potential and presented risks of lentic ecosystem eutrophisation. Risks of this storage scenario are not acceptable for these sediments. Recommendations have been made for the sediment amount to be submerged and for the constraints around thsese deposits. MSWIBA leachates impact was demonstrated whatever the methodology used. Copper seems to be responsible of the effects measured on species. It can be considered as a major pollutant of MSWIBA leachates. Risks of this reused scenario are not acceptable for lentic ecosystems. Recommendations have been made for MSWIBA reused as road embankment. With this study, the interest of microcosm assays have been emphasized. Yhis kind of approach was convenient for the evaluation of contaminated matrix impact against lentic ecosystems. Some aspects of this protocol have to be optimised in order to obtain acceptable variability levels for each parameter
Beaulier, Camille. „Compréhension des mécanismes moléculaires de tolérance et d'accumulation de l'uranium chez une microalgue verte hypertolérante du genre Coelastrella“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023GRALV104.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUranium (U) pollution of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems poses a significant threat to the environment and human health because this radionuclide is chemotoxic. Characterization of organisms that tolerate and accumulate U is critical to decipher the mechanisms evolved to cope with the radionuclide and to propose new effective strategies for bioremediation of U-contaminated environments.In this project, we isolated a unicellular green microalga of the genus Coelastrella from U-contaminated wastewater. We showed that Coelastrella sp. PCV is much more tolerant to U than Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Chlorella vulgaris. Coelastrella is able to accumulate U very rapidly and, then, progressively release it into the medium, probably to limit the toxic effects of U. The ability of Coelastrella to accumulate U is remarkably high, with up to 600 mg U sorbed per g dry biomass. Coelastrella is able to grow and maintain high photosynthesis in natural metal-contaminated waters from a wetland near a reclaimed U mine. In a single one-week growth cycle, Coelastrella was able to capture 25-55% of U from contaminated waters and demonstrated lipid droplet accumulation. Coelastrella sp. PCV is a very promising microalga for the remediation of polluted waters with valorization of algal biomass that accumulates lipids. These data are gathered in a publication currently under revision (https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.06.29.546994v1).Transcriptomic, metabolomic and ionomic analyses were also performed to identify the molecular actors involved in the tolerance and the accumulation of U in Coelastrella sp. PCV. The ontology of genes whose expression is regulated by U stress provides for the first time a global view of the main processes affected by the radionuclide in a green microalga. Genes involved in the cell cycle, translation, photosynthesis and the biosynthesis of amino acids and nucleotides are down regulated during the stress, confirming physiological and metabolomic data (decrease in the pools of proteins, amino acids and nucleotides). The functional categories that are up regulated by U relate to stress response, catabolism, lipid metabolism and transport. For example, many genes encoding proteins involved in the transport of calcium, phosphate and iron are dysregulated during U stress. Some of these genes may play a role in the accumulation and/or in the efflux of U in Coelastrella.Finally, to better understand the mechanisms of U accumulation in Coelastrella and its consequences on ion homeostasis, different cellular imaging approaches are currently being used. FIB-SEM and STEM-EDX analyses enable us to study the dynamics of cellular compartments during U stress and to identify potential accumulation sites of the radionuclide
Catinon, Mickaël. „Détermination de la pollution atmosphérique métallique : étude critique de l’utilisation des écorces d’arbres“. Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554894.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHuman activities are responsible for the atmospheric transfer of several types of compounds among which elements are present. One of the secondary effects of such transfer may be to affect human health and the functionality of ecosystems. After atmospheric transfer, a complex deposition of the elements occurs on the earth surface, with very unequal distribution, accumulation or dilution inducing quite different effects on water and soil composition and on the functionalities of living beings. The deposition process has been studied for approximately half a century on tree trunks. These organs constitute a very common vertical matrix on which quantitative or biomonitoring studies can be efficiently carried out, thus offering widely used routine tests. However, for a better exploitation of the information contained in such deposits, a much better understanding of this type of deposition was required. Such is the purpose of this report. A single tree species was chosen for this study: Fraxinus excelsior L. , a very common tree for our region, which was cultivated in the campus station and which could be found at several altitudes between 200 and 1700 m. Our methodological approach consisted in mixing two types of analytical techniques: ICP-MS and SEM-EDX which allowed to obtain an accurate concentration measurement of trace elements, a determination of their location or distribution at a microscopic scale and a chemical determination of the composition of crystallized or precipitated compounds. The time-scale of our studies on deposits ranged from 3 months to 40 years. Two types of fractions were analysed separately: a superficial one, on the stems, and another one, integrated inside the suber tissue and also inside other tissues. It was demonstrated that the superficial deposit was in fact a component of a specific small ecosystem characterized by a non-negligible photosynthetic rate and by a reviviscent ability. The superficial deposit is submitted to a partial lixiviation by rain. The suber tissue is a waterproof, apoplastic layer able to tightly retain most of the elements over long periods of time. It seems to be the best tissue for retaining atmospheric components over several decades. The deposit has several possible origins geogenic, biogenic or anthropogenic. In order to focus on this last fraction, a new system of calculation was conceived, which allows to determine the composition of an atmospheric anthropic elements fraction (AAEF). Moreover, this AAEF was fractionated into two parts, a dispersed one inside the deposit and a pattern of solid particles which were found either in the superficial deposit or inside the suber but not in the other tissues. A purification of the solid particles fraction was carried out, separating the water-soluble elements, the HNO3 2N-soluble ones and the solid residue. This last fraction contains most of the geogenic components, and of the Pb and Mn contents. The HNO3 fraction concentrates the elements such as Zn and Cu. The main purification steps are associated to the presence of the whole stock of dispersed K and Na inside the water phase and of Ca in the HNO3 fraction. This fractionation probably allows interesting speciation studies. With all these new experimental approaches, it seems possible to obtain realistic analyses of the historical and geographical distributions of elements deposits on different spatial scales
Bücher zum Thema "Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution"
Kövecses, Jennifer. Risques et impacts environnementaux potentiels des avermectines pour les écosystèmes d'eau douce du Québec. [Montréal]: Centre Saint-Laurent, 2005.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenJ, Kendall Ronald, Hrsg. Wildlife toxicology: Emerging contaminant and biodiversity issues. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2010.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenChristian, Elichegaray, Hrsg. La pollution de l'air: Sources, effets, prévention. Paris: Dunod, 2008.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenEnvironnements en péril : sauvegarder les écosystèmes menacés de la Terre. Laval, Qué: Intrinsèque, 1991.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenSchriver-Mazzuoli, Louise. La pollution de l'air intérieur: Sources, effets sanitaires, ventilation. Paris: Dunod, 2009.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenMasclet, Pierre. Pollution atmosphérique: Causes, conséquences, solutions, perspectives. Paris: Ellipses, 2005.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenLandis, Wayne G. Introduction to environmental toxicology: Impacts of chemicals upon ecological systems. Boca Raton, FL: Lewis Publishers, 1995.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenLandis, Wayne G. Introduction to environmental toxicology: Impacts of chemicals upon ecological systems. 2. Aufl. Boca Raton, Fla: Lewis Publishers, 1999.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenLandis, Wayne G. Introduction to environmental toxicology: Impacts of chemicals upon ecological systems. 3. Aufl. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2004.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenTreshow, Michael. Plant stress from air pollution. Chichester [England]: Wiley, 1989.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution"
Garrec, J. P., und C. Laebens. „Effets Des “Pluies Acides” sur les Cuticules et les Surfaces Foliaires“. In Air Pollution and Ecosystems, 704–9. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_84.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSaint-Guily, A. „Effets de la Pollution Atmospherique sur le Systeme Secreteur et la Composition Terpenique des Aiguilles de Picea Abies“. In Air Pollution and Ecosystems, 723–27. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_87.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMalka, P., D. Contour-Ansel, P. Louguet und J. Bonte. „Effets d’une pollution de l’atmosphère par l’Ozone et le Dioxyde de Soufre sur la croissance, la conductance stomatique et la teneur en composés phénoliques de 3 clones d’épicéas en chambre à ciel ouvert“. In Air Pollution and Ecosystems, 717–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4003-1_86.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCALLA, Simon. „La pollution d’une rivière : enquête sociologique sur les savoirs et les expertises“. In Socio-écosystèmes, 73–107. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9052.ch2.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle„LA POLLUTION ET AUTRES EFFETS EXTERNES“. In Problèmes et politiques économiques, 333–82. Presses de l'Université du Québec, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv18phd50.15.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDIELE-VIEGAS, Luisa Maria. „Biogéographie et changement climatique“. In La biogéographie, 327–44. ISTE Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9060.ch12.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Écosystèmes – Effets de la pollution"
Guégan, Marie-Anaïs. „Réceptions de l’objectivisme américain sur Jeunes Écrivains. Écosystèmes numériques et effets d’appropriation ludique des objets culturels.“ In La poésie contemporaine, les médias et la culture de masse. Fabula, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.58282/colloques.7465.
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