Dissertationen zum Thema „Econonie de l'énergie“
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Sinsin, Léonide Michael. „Economie de l'énergie et accès à l'électricité : trois essais sur le Bénin“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED085.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur research objectives are multiple. Front of all, we cover literature review in the fields of energy and economics. Specifically, we revisit regulation, pricing and well-being theories in sub-Saharan context where electricity sector is in crisis for a while. Subsequently, our results open up a deeper reflexion spectrum concerning sustainable development, mobile banking and innovation through access for all to clean energy. Finally, this thesis is articulated at the crossraods of theorical and applied research based on real study cases in Benin. Consequently, there is a strong need to expand applied research in African, and in Benin specifically because it constitutes a large scope of challenges and opportunities path beyond this work
Giraudet, Louis-Gaëtan. „Les instruments économiques de maîtrise de l'énergie : une évaluation multidimensionnelle“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00599374.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGénin, Fabien. „Economie et conservation de l'énergie au cours du cycle saisonnier chez un primate, Microcebus murinus : approches physiologique, comportementale et écologique“. Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA132007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleISABELLE, Marc. „Accélération technologique et transformations organisationnelles dans l'industrie d'exploration-production d'hydrocarbures“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003692.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLi, Jun. „Instruments de politiques publiques pour la maîtrise de l'énergie dans les pays émergents : le cas de l'habitat en Chine“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005310.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStoynev, Ivan. „Influence des concentrations sur l'achèvement et le fonctionnement de marché intérieur de l'énergie“. Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe completion of the internal energy market is the way to reduce energy costs forconsumers while providing other objectives such as security of supply. However,European gas and electricity markets are experiencing many failures identified by theCommission in its report published in 2007. The Commission advocates a strongerapplication of competition law, in particular the rules of merger control because theliberalization directives was not enough. Therefore the purpose of this study istherefore to analyze the application of those rules in the process of liberalization ofenergy markets in Europe.After an explanation of the merger wave that occurred in the energy sector under theimpact of liberalization and the environment that surrounds it, we are interested in theapplication of the rules of merger control.In this scope we will see that the Commission encourages the concentration of crossbordernature to help build the internal market and to develop the competition. Torealize this objective, the Commission uses a particular tool: the remedies. Theremedies can eliminate the negative effects that could result from a merger. Thisstudy provides an analysis of the various remedies that have been accepted by theCommission to resolve the problems of competition
Berthélemy, Michel. „L'économie de l'énergie nucléaire : quatre essais sur le rôle de l'innovation et de l'organisation industrielle“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00875147.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCarvalho, Metanias Hallack Michelle. „Economic regulation of offer and demand of flexibility in gas network“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA111009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis discusses the consequences of the major changes in gas demand patterns. The requirement of short term flexibility has been one of the main features of electricity generation gas demand. As consequence, the capacity of gas industry to provide short term flexibility services has been valorized through electricity market. It means an increasing economic value to services allowing waiting and seeing before consumption decision. Different parts of the gas industry was impacted by the changes on demand, for instance gas fields productions, storage and gas importation mechanisms were incited to offer flexible provisions. The introduction of tools to provide flexibility required by demand depends on network services. It means the realization of the flexibility value of gas industry depends on gas network services. The gas transport network is the key part of gas industry, and it may provide two kinds of gas physical flexibility: mobility and storability. The physical properties of natural gas allow flexibility by means of pressure differential management. The change on pressures may compress natural gas and the pressures differences drive gas motions. The network has been, by far, the main mechanism to carry gas, thus an essential part of the gas industry chain to allow commodity trade. Network, however, may be one of the most expensive parts of gas industry, and, after the investment done, it becomes sunk costs. But the specificity of networks assets changes in the course of network development. The use of transport network in the provision of gas flexibility services is a necessary condition to provide flexibility in the gas system. First, because network services are complementary of any other flexibility tool, as underground storage, LNG infrastructures and gas trade. Second, because gas transport network services, as line-pack storage, may also be competitive to the others unbundled flexibility tools. Therefore, network regulation needs to take into account the short and the long term impact of the rules incentives. Given that network development depends on expected flow requirements, strong change on gas demand and the consequent changes on gas flows must impact gas network operation. On the one hand, network development depends on expected flow requirements, and on the other, provisions of flexibility depend necessarily on the flexible use of network infrastructures. Hence, changes on gas demand increasing flexibility requirements and the consequent changes on gas flow must impact gas network operation and must impact the incentive on infrastructures investment
Bertomeu, Salvador. „Essays on the economics, politics and finance of infrastructure“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/316958.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Bordigoni, Mathieu. „Détermination du rôle de l'énergie dans la compétitivité de l'industrie manufacturière : Études économétriques et modélisation des interdépendances“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00803187.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLymperopoulou, Ira. „La réforme du secteur de l'énergie en Grèce dans le contexte de la crise de la dette“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA01D019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleA new market design is taking place during the economic crisis for the Greek energy market. Greece, in order to able to receive loans of money, signed memorandums of understanding with the Troika, which included major reforms in the energy sector. Energy is a liberalized sector at European level, and Greece in addition to European and national legislation, had to apply measures imposed by the memorandums of understanding. These measures, on the one hand, aim to restructure the energy market, with the use of various instruments to consolidate competition. On the other hand, they envisage a metamorphosis of the role of the Greek state in the energy market. In this study we analyze at which extent the introduced reforms achieve a transition from a market closed to competition with monopoly rights of incumbent operators, towards a competitive Europeanized market for the benefit of consumers while contributing to the exit of the country from the economic crisis
Ben, Hamida Rania. „L'énergie entre les opportunités de développement et les risques de la dégradation de la qualité de l'environnement : cas du gouvernorat de Sfax (Tunisie)“. Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10455/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis has a dual purpose; it focused on the one hand on the role of energy in the industrial and economic development of the country and on the other hand on the impact of its use on the environment and health status of individuals. We developed and operated a database on the Sfax region, which has been used for empirical analysis suited to each area of research. The path followed to argue this thesis has led us to establish three chapters.At the first chapter, we particularly appreciated the role of energy in economic development of nations. Following our empirical analysis, two main results are announced, first, the presence of a long-term effect between energy consumption and economic development in the region of Sfax implying its economic dependence on energy. Then the existence of unidirectional causal relationship starting from energy consumption to economic growth. In the second chapter, we are interested in studying the impact of energy consumption on the deterioration of the environment quality. Two points are emphasized, first, a correlation is found between energy consumption and the following pollutants: PM10, SO2 and NO2. Secondly, the presence of tropospheric ozone (O3) in the air is not conditional on the energy consumption but rather to photochemical reactions involving NO2 and oxygen under the influence of solar ultraviolet radiation. Finally, weather factors, especially temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) affect the dispersion of pollutants and their accumulation around their emission sources. The last chapter is focused on the analysis of the health impact of air pollution. Adapted to the region of Sfax, three main findings are detected. First, cardiovascular diseases are affected by S02 emissions and while respiratory diseases are influenced by emissions of SO2 and O3. Then, a correlation is justified between O3 NO2, confirming the chemical reaction of ozone scavenging already indicated. Finally, we concluded that the wind speed (VV) affects the distribution of pollutants mainly NO2, SO2 and PM10. Temperature (T) in turn affects hospital admissions for cardiovascular reasons
Thompson, Andrew W. „Essais sur la participation des véhicules électriques sur les marchés de l'énergie : aspects économiques véhicule-à-réseau (V2X) et considérations relatives à la dégradation des batteries“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS466/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVehicle-to-Anything (V2X) is an umbrella term to explain the use of electric vehicle batteries to derive additional value during times of non-use. V2X services generate revenue from the battery asset through dynamic mono-directional (V1X) or bi-directional (V2X) charging to provide benefits to the electric grid, to reduce energy consumption of buildings and homes, or to provide back-up power to loads. A meta-analysis of economic potential gives results contradictory to the literature and indicates that Bill Management, Resource Adequacy, and Network Deferral are more valuable than Energy Arbitrage and Spinning Reserves. While I concur that development is of and by the market, I emphasize that V2X will develop within the constraints of the regulatory environment; therefore regulators have an enabling role to play.An important question is to what extent additional use of the vehicle battery will affect battery capacity over its lifetime, therefore understanding the intricacies of battery degradation is crucial to estimate costs. Li-ion batteries are complicated electrochemical systems which exhibit two concurrent degradation phenomena, Calendar Aging and Cycling Aging. In vehicular applications, Calendar Aging tends to be the dominating life degradation effect, which reduces to time being the most important component of degradation; therefore degradation cost is fundamentally time-dependent.A central claim of this dissertation is that gls{v2x} Marginal Cost is not zero nor negligible as the economic literature has accepted but is highly dependent on battery degradation. Herein, a gls{v2x} Marginal Cost Theory is proposed which is based on two main principles: 1.) there is an efficiency cost associated with charge operation, and 2.) the true gls{v2x} degradation cost takes opportunity cost into account, that is, only considers degradation beyond what would have been experienced by operating the vehicle normally.Having a clear concept of gls{v2x} Marginal Cost which can properly account for and balance all true costs: the cost of electricity, the system-efficiency costs, and battery degradation, will allow for development of optimal charge strategies and will properly inform energy market bids. This results in a more nuanced understanding of marginal costs as the resultant battery lifetime impact from gls{v2x} can be either be considered a cost, a benefit, or zero. I conclude that gls{v2x} may offer greater economic value than previously understood and that this additional value will be realized through the simultaneous improvement in charge efficiency and reduction of gls{ev} battery degradation
Seck, Gondia. „Modélisation prospective de l'industrie diffuse pour l'évaluation de l'impact de politiques de Maîtrise De l'Énergie (MDE) à partir du générateur de modèle TIMES : la récupération de chaleur par Pompes à Chaleur (PAC) dans l'industrie agroalimentaire“. Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00662459.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertrand, Vincent. „The european union emission trading scheme and energy markets : economic and financial analysis“. Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00930886.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDressler, Luisa. „Essays on the Economics of Sustainable Energy Policies“. Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/256971.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDoctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Sandoval, reyes Mexitli Eva. „Methodology to identify the key variables driving the techno-economic feasibility of Trigeneration – Thermal Storage systems“. Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IMTA0182.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTrigeneration systems with thermal storage (CCHP-TS) contribute to the distributed generation of energy and the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions. Nevertheless, it is important to assess their techno-economic feasibility to ensure long-term implementation. Moreover, determining and characterizing the influential variables is essential to identify the most viable application fields. Potentially, this could foster the interest of project managers, investors, and policymakers, therefore encouraging the adoption of this technology. Several authors suggest that energy prices and loads are important variables for the techno-economic feasibility of CCHP-TS systems. Particularly they have explored the Spark Spread rate, a ratio between the cost of electricity from the grid and the CHP fuel. However, just a few studies are assessing the prices and loads together, with some limitations in their model, the technology analyzed, or even the resolution of the loads. As the literature reveals that energy prices and loads size are important variables, this study aims to analyze two hypotheses proposed: 1) There is a combination of energy prices and the size of the annual energy loads that makes techno-economically feasible a CCHP-TS system; 2) The energy prices (electricity and natural gas) should be considered separately instead of consolidating them into the spark spread rate (SS). The analysis is divided into two phases. The first one is an exploratory analysis aiming to demonstrate that the model for CCHP-TS is relevant and sensitive to the variables of analysis (energy prices and loads). The second is a rigorous sensitivity analysis and the comparison of three approaches: Morris, Sobol, and VARS. The results state that energy prices and the annual size of the electric load are the most relevant variables on the feasibility of a CCHP-TS system. The order of relevance between the energy prices relies on the measure used for the economic performance: either absolute (expressed in the amount of savings [in US dollar(s)]) or relative (expressed in the percentage of savings [%]). But in both cases, the price of the fuel is the variable with the largest interaction effects. The methodology of the first phase incorporates tools such as full factorial design of experiments (DoE), DER-CAM simulation and optimization tool, and a novel combination of k-Means clustering and multicriteria decision making (MCDM). For the second phase, it is mainly the use of global sensitivity analysis methods and the adaptation of a CCHP-TS model into the programming language Python, using the optimization library PYOMO and the solver CPLEX. In this second phase, the implementation of the three sensitivity analysis methods allowed identifying their advantages and limitations. Moreover, this complementarity thereby reinforced the techno-economic feasibility analysis
Faucheux, Laurent. „Un modèle d'équilibre général multi-échelles spatialisé appliqué aux USA et à la France“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1160/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe creation of the C40 Cities Climate Leadership group (C40) in 2005 is a noteworthy example that the urban scale is considered as a major leeway to mitigate CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, the adequacy between this recent awareness and the number of modeling tools capable of quantifying this leeway in a spatially explicit integrated way is still missing. This thesis aims at bridging this gap. The outcome consists of a model that incorporates general equilibrium theory with an explicit representation of space at multiple scales. The model is designed as an autonomous numerical entity connectable to any pre-existing modeling architecture. This thesis hinges around three chapters, i.e. the presentation of the model, the calibration of the model and its application to France and the USA.In the first chapter, we describe our so-called GEMSE model whose aim is to investigate the interplays between aggregate and local dimensions of economic activity while quantifying GHG emissions associated to mobility. The model is based on Urban Economics and the New Economic Geography to model on multiple spatial scales the economic development of urban areas in interaction.In the second chapter, we describe the data and calibrate the model by using, for some parameters, spatial econometric techniques. Notably, we propose a new method to specify the spatial weight matrix, operationalized by using a numerical tool developed on purpose, namely PyOKNN, independent of GEMSE. Applied to Greater Paris, the tool identifies in a tangible way some key elements of its spatial structure, and yields values for the parameters under study that are similar to those of the literature.In the third chapter, we run simulations of our model for both France and the USA. We analyze the baseline case and the impacts of two transport policies on several relevant dimensions for the long-term development of urban areas. The first measure – the decrease in private vehicle speed limitation – stimulates economic activity in a pro-environmental fashion by contracting GDP in a first phase but then allowing it to reach higher levels, resulting in a positive sum game. The second measure is the implementation of a CO2 tax to private vehicles whose collected revenues are used to finance an increase in public transport speeds. The main policy insight is that setting a price of 100€ per tonne of CO2eq represents virtually nothing once converted per commuter-kilometer and deters only marginally the use of cars. These two measures, the change in speed limitation or the recycling of the tax, encourage the use of cheaper and less polluting modes of transport, which induces a low-carbon growth.Overall, these conclusions call for policy designs that internalize distortive effects, e.g. changes in mobility habits, the reorientation of demands, unbalances in labor markets via people’s relocations and firms’ improvements in terms of economies of scale. The results can rarely be generalized in terms of magnitude from one region to another, which shows the necessity to consider local specificities as well as the framework within which they interact
Ruiz, Gomez Lina Maria. „Intégration de la production éolienne aux réseaux électriques : approches techniques et économiques“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT089/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of Renewable Energy for electricity production has increased due to theEuropean policies and directives to prevent climate change. This political context is promoting amassive insertion of intermittent wind electricity production into electrical networks. There are stilldoubts about the limitations of integrating wind power into the electrical networks. For this reason,we focus on the study technical and economic aspects to approach these limitations. The firstpurpose of this research is to determine the effectiveness of the economical incentives policies inorder to stimulate growth in the wind power production. The second one is to evaluate the technicalproblems in the short and long term caused by the intermittency of wind power. In the short-term,the problems of power systems as well as the adjustments in the electricity market are discussed. Inthe long term, the impact of wind power reliability (in the network) is evaluated by using an algorithmto calculate the capacity credit of wind power
Baroche, Thomas. „Marchés pair-à-pair de l’électricité dans les réseaux électriques“. Thesis, Rennes, École normale supérieure, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ENSR0022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe deployment of distributed energy resources, combined with a more proactive demand side management and energy management systems, is inducing a new paradigm in power system operation and electricity markets. Within a consumercentric market framework, peer-to-peer approaches have gained substantial interest. Peer-to-peer markets rely on multi-bilateral negotiation among all agents to match supply and demand. These markets can yield a complete mapping of exchanges onto the grid, hence allowing to rethink market–grid interactions.This thesis treats three main challenges which needs to be overcome before considering real world implementations: (i) scalability to host a growing number of distributed users and resources, (ii) compatibility with grid constraints, and (iii) resilience to stochastic power injections. After a complexity analysis, scalability of peer-topeer markets and the proposed negotiation mechanism to solve them is enhanced by three improvements reducing algorithmic and structural complexities. Feasibility of the peer-to-peer electricity market is eventually obtained with the use of network charges. Two approaches are proposed to handle these network charges. The first, exogenous, requires the system operator to provide them a priori before negotiations start. In the second, the system operator updates network charges endogenously at each iteration to better account for the current grid status. Finally, power forecasts of stochastic agents are taken in a more comprehensive way by the developpement of peer-to-peer market on both energy and capacities, used to restore power balance in case of misdipatch due to forecast errors
Hoarau, Quentin. „Out with the Pipes, in with the Plugs : On the Economics of the Energy Transition in the Automobile Sector Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation Network tariff design with prosumers and electromobility: Who wins, who loses Stranded to be? Diesel ban and used car markets. Coordination of abatements and policies with sector coupling technologies“. Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASI006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe development of electric mobility is the main technological compromise that will allow the automobile sector to drastically reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. From the ban of thermal vehicles to the integration of electric vehicles in the power sector, this dissertation investigates several economic aspects of this transition.First, it empirically studies the impacts of urban policies that limit the access of most polluting vehicles by analyzing the behavior of car sellers on second-hand markets. Then, it theoretically precises the optimal conditions of the electrification of the automobile fleet how governments may plan support policies for electric vehicles that take into account their interaction with the power system.Third, it investigates the interaction between electric mobility and photovoltaic energy. It develops a systematic framework that enlightens technical and economic conditions of synergy.Fourth, it discusses the distributional effects from tariff design of power network with both distributed energy resources and electric mobility
Clastres, Cédric. „Le gas release comme facteur d'incitation à la concurrence dans l'industrie gazière européenne“. Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00470409.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVessat, Alexis. „Le rapport énergie-croissance revisité par l'accès à l'électricité : le cas des pays de l'Afrique sub-saharienne“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTD034.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEnergy demand in Sub-Saharan Africa has outpaced that in the North. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has forecasted the greatest increase in energy consumption to come from this area. The relationship between energy consumption and economic growth began to be studied in Sub-Saharan Africa in the late 90s, using the same method as for developed countries and with the same lack of consensus on the direction of causality. This thesis attempts to clarify this situation through a meta-analysis of fifty articles published since 1996 to 2016. This meta-analysis involves five analytical categories: type of publication, geographical area studied, econometrics method used, energy consumption indicators, and control variables. Each of these dimensions includes many disaggregated variables. Logistic regressions are run on the variables presented above for each of the four causality hypotheses. In research that studies single countries, the likelihood of finding for a given causality hypothesis is very sensitive to the econometric method implemented. Findings on a panel of countries are then presented; their methods assert the neutrality hypothesis.The energy sector in sub-Saharan Africa is in a state of flux. Based on an approach borrowed from industrial economics, using historical examples that point to three successive transformations of electricity market structure, our analysis differs from previous studies by looking at demand as a consequence of supply. Our results show, an extremely fragmented demand for energy in sub-Saharan African countries,within which a very dynamic unmet demand drives change in how supply is offered. New forms of energy provisioning introduced on the electricity market put into question the initial on-grid network model. The appearance of decentralized electricity production shows that there is a potential for going beyond current limitations and moving away from a supply structure focused on the maintenance and improvement of ongrid networks without consideration of the needs of rural populations on one hand, and on the other hand, the establishment of expensive mini-grids that provide inferior energy services to rural populations. New territorial linkages focus on mechanisms seen in energy demand.As a result, our doctoral research questions the energy access gap between urban and rural populations, that remains considerable, even considering households and businesses with potential access to the grid. Tariff schedules are thus the interface between the conditions for producing electricity, the end user and public energy-access policy. This article evaluates the contribution of electricity tariff schedules, a major access instrument, to the continued existence of the energy access gap, and looks at whether this gap is primarily between rural and urban populations. Using a panel set of random effects that are double controlled (1990-2012, 33 countries divided into 4 groups, 17 variables related to residential and commercial consumption, production and willingness to pay), the article shows the systematically regressive effect of tariff schedules on access for both residential and commercial consumption, their failure to provide reduced rates to enable access to the poor, their neglect of households passing the threshold of the first consumption block and their ineffective treatment of energy poverty in urban and rural households. For households with access to a centralised grid, we find that the criterion of location is less important than the economic conditions of the customers served
Lassouaoui, Lilia. „Ordonnancement et routage pour l'augmentation de la durée de vie dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil“. Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CNAM1187/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWireless sensor networks (RCSF) is a technology that has a wide range of civil or military applications, including battlefield monitoring, environmental monitoring or smart city. However, WSN are characterized by high limitations in terms of energy (battery-operated nodes) and wireless links (low power and lossy links). The work done in this PhD thesis aims to provide solutions that guarantee a certain quality of service in the context of wireless sensor networks. The first part of this work concerns the medium access control layer with the aim of increasing the lifetime of the network. The access to the wireless medium is analyzed and modeled as a link scheduling problem, taking into account collisions. First, a study of the complexity of this problem is carried out, then a distributed and fault-tolerant approach with guaranteed performance is proposed (SS-DD2EC) to solve this problem. The second part is about message routing with the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low Power and Lossy Network (RPL). First of all, a comparison between the various existing routing metrics for the optimization of the energy consumed has been carried out. In addition of lifetime, the reliability and end-to-end latency criteria are considered for evaluating these metrics. Then, two new RPL metrics (R_MinMax and R_Delai) were proposed, achieving significant gains over the state of the art. The first one only considers the energy consumption and reliability, while the second one takes also into account the end-to-end latency
Lecuyer, Oskar. „Quelle place pour les aides aux technologies de réduction d'émissions en présence d'un prix du carbone? : le cas du secteur électrique“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914477.
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