Dissertationen zum Thema „Économie du don“
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Mercier-Ythier, Jean. „Equilibre général et don“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989IEPP0012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBousquet, Madeleine. „Économie et bénévolat“. Nancy 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN20006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTwo approaches are used in this research on the economic significance of volunteer work. First, conceptual tools are identified in different branches of economic theory which, applied to volunteer labor, provide rationale for this type of labor and means of evaluating it. Two directions are explored: - the value of time and the notion of opportunity costs, - the theory of collective action. Considering ethic requirements, these approaches are neutral or dedicated to the economic paradigm of self-interested man. This is not wholly satisfactory when speaking of volunteering. Other approaches have to be considered, such as the integration of altruism in the utility function. In the second part, using theoretical notions identified in the first part of the study, and American and French data on volunteer labor, an economic analysis of the offer and demand of volunteer labor is worked out. Opportunity costs show to be important in the decision of volunteering. The role of personal benefits derived from volunteering cannot be defined as precisely. Personal benefits do not provide sufficient rationale for volunteering. For that purpose, another benefit of volunteer labor must be taken into account and that is the provision of public goods. In that provision, volunteer work comes as complement of the public provision of this type of goods. Public policy towards the non profit sector is of utmost importance in determining the importance of the volunteer provision of public goods
Mandin, David. „Le selidarisme : la part du don dans l'économie monétaire des SEL“. Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Systèmes d'Échanges Locaux are contemporary economic associations in which the members used a currency other than money. Their originality however consists not to close the exchange at the time of acquisition of a good or a service, but to create durable relation between the exchangers, the good being, used thus as pretext with the relation. Thus a share of the exchange is not entered and leaves place with the gift in this cash economy. The spirit and the organisation of these associations like the constant circulation of debts, which are consequently not only monetary. Between the members supports a solidarity which finds its direction of interdependance each person, responsible because of her engagement, them becomes essential with the correct operation of these systems which give a colouring more human to the economic exchanges
Sellen, Charles. „Philanthropie et économie : essais autour de la générosité“. Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0051.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRubin, Goulven. „La contribution de Don Patinkin à la "synthèse néoclassique" : genèse et portée“. Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100186.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe subject of this essay is the interpretation of the Keynesian theory developed by Don Patinkin and presented in its most elaborated form in chapters 13 and 14 of Money, Interest and Prices (1956). Our study reveals the logic guiding the development of his thought. We analyze his first manuscripts, his doctoral thesis and his correspondence and we relate the ideas lie adopts to the ones of economists he interacted with like Klein, Lange and Modigliani. Firstly, we explain why Patinkin considers the Keynesian theory as a disequilibrium theory, secondly, why lie asserts that this theory must incorporate the real balance effect. Eventually, we analyze the limits and, above all, the significance of his attempt at introducing Keynesian results in such a framework. That way we demonstrate that Patinkin's contribution marks the climax of the neoclassical synthesis. Actually, he shows all that can possibly be done when one tries to work out a Keynesian theory with one equilibrium concept only, that is to say the walrasian general equilibrium
Gille, Laurent. „Partager et échanger : les valeurs du lien et du bien“. Paris, CNAM, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002CNAM0428.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTwo different value systems are being pointed at according to the way goods are circulated. In the first one we have a "sharing" system where the social link drives goods attribution. In the second one we have an "exchange" system (the market economy) where goods are circulated without much relation to the social link. Using a structuralist vision, we show that these two systems go along with two different mechanisms for expressing desire, that do not conflict but complement each other. We identify how the "sharing" economy takes place today. In particular we analyse the commercial relationships linking men to ensure the circulation of goods. Analysing new mediations such as allowed by the new information technologies, we show that modern economy reintroduces some social link through the exchange of goods. This goes as far as authorizing the trade of people, i. E. Exchanges where what is valued is not only the exchanged goods, but people involved in the exchange itself
Yordanova, Lilyana. „Commande et donation pieuses en Bulgarie médiévale (XIIe-XVe siècles) : arts, économie et société“. Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLP008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCommissions and donations of goods and property to the Church are at the core of medieval society. Through a holistic and interdisciplinary approach, this dissertation aims to provide the first global study of the practice, mechanisms and role of pious patronage within Bulgarian society during the 12th-15th century. From the re-foundation of the Bulgarian Empire in 1185, through the intermediate periods of conflict with Byzantium, Serbia and the Latin States, until the establishment of the Ottomans in 1396 but also beyond, pious donations have been used to define territory, negotiate power and maintain the cohesion of social groups. The identification of new forms of generosity and the re-examination of artworks, narrative and legal sources, some of which hitherto neglected, lead to elaborate a new model of horizontal and vertical social patronage and shed new light for the study of this complex social phenomenon on the broader scale of the medieval world
N'Djambara, Mahamondou. „Que veut dire Richesse ? Du Travail, de l’Argent, du Don et du Vivre Ensemble à Bokokopé (Togo) : une analyse des politiques et pratiques de développement à partir des institutions“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL12006/document.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle"Eyu", the Human, is born rich, the society impoverishes him by means of the institutions which establish the categories of thought and rules on which the individuals learn to think and act. In Bokokopé in Togo, migrants of the so-called kabyè ethnic group benefit from development projects. The purpose of these projects is to increase the income of these peasants, guaranteeing an improvement of living conditions and well-being. But the different stakeholders of this process do not share this style of thought which links well-being to income. Therefore, many difficulties to adopt indicators appear during different evaluations. The main tool of the technicians of development is the Logical Framework. Any unmeasurable and non-logical action is almost excluded. That's how, when Hazou decides, for instance, to sell his goat 'at a loss ' but giving proof that he ' won in friendship ', it provokes questioning. Why does it resist the counting of profitability, the inevitable means to ameliorate its income? This reticence to calculate everything, to quantify everything and to the marketization of all can be understood by referring to the perception of the world that the participants have in Bokokopé as well as of the relationship which they maintain with work (job) and money while living a Community lifestyle. Their actions are determined by several ways of thinking which fluctuate between the logic of the trade world carried principally by certain developmental organizations, and alternately nonprofit principles, in most cases, myths or rituals to which the members of the community adhere
Bonzi, Bénédicte. „Faim de Droits : le don à l'épreuve des violences alimentaires“. Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0075.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe right to food is fundamental. However, in France direct, regular and sufficient access to food is still not guaranteed for the entire population. To remedy this, volunteers in associations, including les Restos du Cœur, mobilized to distribute food to men, women, and children in need. These volunteers address the short-comings of the state from the grassroots level, and in this way contain violence. This violence which I call food violence corresponds to the physical and moral degradation of a person queuing for food in a country where food is abundant. In this Phd I make the invisible ever-present tensions visible by describing situations which give rise to both outbursts of open physical violence and subtle structural violence, as well as spontaneous empathy of the committed volunteers. Today, with the implementation of the Loi Garot (2016), two circuits and logics of gift giving oppose and complement each other: the indirect tax-deductible gift by supermarkets of unsold and zero-rated goods and the direct gift of working time and attention by the volunteers. The first fits into the market logic of maximization, the second expresses moral principles and is part of a circular gift economy with the four elements of demanding, giving, receiving, and returning (Mauss). This moral economy (E.P. Thomson) can be seen as an act of resistance to commodification. It responds to the injustice of abandonment (Agamben) by sustaining the social bond, in opposition to a market economy, governed by calls for tenders, competition and tax adjustments that exclude the most vulnerable populations and thus penetrates the aid sector with its standards and disciplines (Foucault). Food violence arises in this particular tension, as the hunger of some tends to enrich others. By following the experience of recipients of food aid; those who are hungry and who resort to food donations, this work questions the responsibility and the role of the French State in the application of the right to food
Dzimira, Sylvain. „La preuve par le don : Marcel Mauss et son héritage MAUSSien“. Paris 10, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA100164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe aim : 1) to show a large coherence between the scientific project of Mauss as is formulated in his " essais sur le don " and his ethical-political project in favor of democratic and associational socialism ; 2) to show that the MAUSS - le Mouvement anti-utilitariste dans les sciences sociales - is the worthy heir ; 3) and that therefore the Maussian paradigm of the donation is superior in principle to the paradigms of the “école de la régulation”, of the “économie des conventions”, and of the supporters of a solidarity economy, or rather is the point of convergence and truth
Lizotte, Mathieu. „L'échange en monnaie parallèle dans les systèmes d'échanges locaux : entre le don et l'échange marchand“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/28540/28540.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAcheampong, Ernest Yeboah. „Analyse socioéconomique du «phénomène de don en retour» : les footballeurs africains en Europe et l'aide à leurs communautés d'origine“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAS016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe increase in movement of professional footballers from Africa to the European leagues as observed since the 1990’, has transformed the labour football migration. In return, this also impacted African footballers’ incomes, social status, and their relation to the communities of origin in terms of socio-economic support. This research focuses on this subject by drawing on the understanding of the evolution of African professional football, players migration itineraries, as to explain the ‘give back phenomenon’ (GBP) related to their relationship with the communities of origin. It examines the role of the economic and non-economic factors that orient African footballers’ ways of giving back to their families, relatives, and the communities. Their give back may be determined by the aim of return on investments, by the influence of communities’ values, norms, or by embeddedness in social networks or by the institutionalised networks related to footballers’ migration. In other words, the analysis of their giving back may be based on the combination of social, cultural and economic factors. Thus, this research mobilised multidisciplinary approach through the socio-economic theoretical model of analysis. Weber methodology helps to do so, in the analysis of footballers’ 'give back' action. This is generally considered as the players’ social contribution and their communities expect to receive something from financially successful professional African migrant players. The study’s qualitative survey was based on thirty-two interviews of professional players from Africa including, biographies and autobiographies. The results show that African migrant players’ behaviours in term of giving back depend on their justifications, which are based on economic interest, social or cultural logics.The research revealed three major outcomes:1) specific evolution of African football and communities’ perception of professional football. This identified one periodization, with three phases, showing families, football structures and migration strategies evolution: a) the controversial vision of football (the 1980s): football vs. school b) the shared vision of football (the 1990s): gradual shift from social activity to a professional activity, and c) football professionalism as an opportunity (the 2000s) 2) three types of players’ migration itineraries which are linked to their strategies, networks mobilised, and the resources available to them: a) collective resource-based, b) formal networks-based, and c) individual resource-based. 3) typology of 'GBP' based on African migrant players’ socio-economic behaviours was a) hybrid family, b) cross-closed family, c) shared family, and d) shadow family that influenced their type of investments in the communities. On another hand, some projects of players tend to support regional and national development in the communities. However, African player migrants have to manage and protect the fame, and sporting resources by using them intelligently to do good things for their communities, friends and others beyond the continent. In conclusion, the itineraries of players’ show the role of the communities in their migration projects. On another hand, the evolution of African football displays how players’ strategies changed with the structuration of African football and the attractiveness of the European football market. The co-determining of economic and non-economic factors relating to the ‘GBP’, justify the use of economic sociology theories. This research demonstrates that ‘GBP’ is not only based on the players’ economic interest but also the combination of social, cultural and economic elements
Steiner, Liza. „Échos sadiens dans la littérature contemporaine : énoncé d’une nouvelle économie politique“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAC015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work studies the ground shared by the work of the Marquis de Sade and a corpus of works by contemporary writers : Tony Duvert, Catherine Millet, Aldo Busi, Elfriede Jelinek, James Graham Ballard, Bret Easton Ellis, Don DeLillo and Nelly Arcan. Sade’s hypothesis of a combination of sexuality and economy finds echoes in contemporary literature. But the social, liberal and individualistic structure which such literature describes entails different reading protocols. From the elitist posture of Sadian libertines, which endangers the society’s foundations, to democratic leveling, which involves a new conformism, we can see a mutation of the intersubjective relations in progress. The authors of this corpus redefine the economy of passion and the economy of enjoyment by presenting us with characters subjected to the tyranny of consumerism. From the enumeration of sexual partners to a sexual production turned into economic production, our corpus highlights desire as a mode of analysis of new violence within society. The authors in our corpus may not use the same narrative strategies, but their respective ways of writing all contribute to defeating this deadly new Eros
Steelandt, Sophie. „Le développement des compétences économiques chez l'enfant“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00696006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRospabé, Philippe. „La monnaie et l'échange dans les sociétés sauvages“. Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMost of economic and anthropological theories considered the so-called primitive moneys as archaic antecedents of modern money. In this thesis we try to show that valuables given in savage societies abey another logic that one which governs exchange of commodities. Returning to facts given by ethnologists in africa and melanesia, we show that these "moneys" are in fact substitute of life which binds their givers to give back a life for the life they took. It is the case with the bridewealth payed by wife-takers who so pledge themeselves to give back a bride so she can bring life in turn. The blood-payments bear out this interpretation because properties given to the victim's group aim to serve as substitute for the life taken by violence. Ceremonial exchanges which appear as gifts-counter-gifts use the same animals (cattle in Africa, pigs in Melanesia) and objects like shells or feathers. Born of war, they work to repeat the alliance beetween groups, alliance which shapes en mariage. It is then possible to understand bride wealth as archetype of gift. As regard to trade, it affects at first valuables and it takes form of ceremonial exchanges beetween exchange partners who renew their friendship that way
Blanchard, Michel. „Myopie et horizons temporels des économies de marché : Une approche micro-économique“. Paris 9, 1997. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1997PA090001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTraditionally, two distinct approaches deal with economic horizons of projects and behaviours. First, debates about time preferences and the specific ability of some agents to take into account longer time spans have led to the study of individual economic horizons. More recently, temporal investment biases involved in financial issues were examined. These biases stem from conflicts of interest between managers and financiers under asymmetric information. This dissertation merges both approaches focusing on short-termism and myopic behaviour of firms. In particular, it is shown those others forms of myopic biases can occur and those self-enforcing short termists equilibrias may appear
Plassard, Romain. „Searching for Alternative Microfoundations : A Study of R. W. Clower’s contributions to macroeconomics and monetary theory (1949-1975)“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL12016/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy dissertation studies Robert W. Clower’s contributions to the microfoundations of macroeconomics and monetary theory, over the period 1949-1975. The aim is to clarify the logic underlying the evolution of his thought and to reconstruct his theoretical projects. For this purpose, I analyze Clower’s articles as well as the archival documents (Clower’s correspondences, unpublished manuscripts…) found at Duke University, I characterize the intellectual context in which he was involved, and I establish the influences from which he benefited. Between 1949 and 1975, Clower made several propositions to elaborate a general-equilibrium model linking individuals’ behaviors with aggregates. To a certain extent, all the propositions intended to be aggregated so as to lay a conceptual framework alternative to the Walrasian theory of John R. Hicks (1939). Four analytical problems were addressed: how to dynamize the general-equilibrium theory, how to integrate involuntary unemployment and money in value theory, and how to account for the adjustment processes occurring in non-clearing markets. Each chapter of my dissertation is centered on one of these problems and discusses Clower’s solutions. Along the way, I stress the existence of interactions between the Walrasian macroeconomics of Hicks and Don Patinkin, and the non-tâtonnement economics of Kenneth Arrow, Frank Hahn, and Takashi Negishi. Consequently, such interactions were central to the emergence of the search for disequilibrium foundations and, in turn, to the transformation of macroeconomics that took place in the 1970s
Lafarge, Hervé. „Économie de la discipline médicale : essai sur la dynamique économique du système de production de soins“. Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe growth of health spending is mostly attributed to the impact of scientific progress on a field which society would keep outside any form of control. The present work is an attempt at making more explicit the nature of the economic dynamics at work in the health care sector from an analysis of physicians'specific micro-economic behaviour. In the first section after a reminder of the inadequacy of the habitual concepts of economics for the study of the sector, we propose an analysis of the medical cursus as a controlling body for health care activities which generate a type of specific behaviour we propose to call "specialisation disciplinee". The second section describes the economics evolution of the health care sector since the late fifties and shows hour this evolution results from a confrontation of the dynamics specific to the sector (which combines the logic of the market with that of "specialisation disciplinee", in proportion that vary according to institutions) with the market which is the main provider of funds to the sector
Ferry, Maroussia. „Ce que nous aurions perdu : anthropologie de la crise en Géorgie postsoviétique (1991-2015)“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH199.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research focuses on the recomposition of moral economies in Georgia related to the deep economic and political crisis that has affected and is still affecting this new state. When the Soviet Union fell, Georgia's economy collapsed abruptly as its state institutions weakened drastically and two separatist wars and a civil war broke out on its territory. As a result, socialities, especially those of families and friends, have been disrupted. In this work, we analyse the structural crises as well as the recomposition of these social links. Our analyses are based on a three-year ethnographic survey of a downgraded and precarious urban population. The latter is prone to labour migration, which is highly feminised in Georgia and affected by numerous over-indebtedness. We show how these two phenomena, which affect biographical temporalities and risk-taking, are articulated with a broader sense of rupture and historical loss whose memory is reworked to try to make a new bond again. We develop the thesis according to which the articulation between these different figures of the crisis has led to a reconfiguration of trust and reciprocal giving practices. These occur in a context of a break with gender norms that crystallizes around female migration and the failure of the male role as the breadwinner of the family's economy. Finally, we show how these recompositions lead to a tightening of family solidarity on the maternal filial bond which, through its asymmetry and sometimes even through its immorality, fully reflects the compensatory reinterpretations of gender ethos such as the enhancement of a certain tragic masculinity and that of feminine sacrificial giving. The moral and economic obligations inherent in this link allow socialities to be revisited more broadly in order to deal with the post-Soviet Georgian crisis
Dion, David-Pascal. „Intégration régionale et développement économique : impact de l'intégration régionale sur la croissance et la localisation des activités économiques“. Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090044.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMocilnikar, Antoine-Tristan. „Essais en économie publique“. Paris 9, 1995. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1995PA090023.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe essays deal with rights to import, export, produce or invest. First, we derive an explicit valuation formula for the right, then, we study a right market in a static framework and finally in a dynamic one. When there are increasing return to scale, external effects, uncertainty or when investment is irreversible, the price mechanism is no more socially efficient. In such a situation, a regulator is needed soas to modify the subsequent equilibrium in a more efficient way. In particular, we can formulate three recommendations : tax regimes and international trade policies have long term effects on growth, to implement a quota without distribuing the corresponding right is socially inefficient and manipulations on a spot market can be reduced if forward trading is allowed
Boujelbene, Younès. „Les modèles dynamiques de demande : théorie et application à la demande d'énergie en France“. Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWaléry, Serge. „Contrôle du temps et organisation des activités économiques : essai d'analyse de mouvements économiques de longue durée“. Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudy and formalization of long-period movements of human activities temporal organization and economic activities rythm, control process : elements for an application to economic activities rythm contemporary movements interpretation, from a long period point of view
Gimenez, Roche Gabriel Aurelio. „Vers une theorie du processus de croissance économique entrepreneuriale“. Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090025.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this study is to explain economic growth as a process consisting of profit-seeking and uncertainty-bearing decisions and actions leading to a greater yield of market valuable utilities out of a proportionally lesser use of market valuable utilities. Given the fact that mainstream Neoclassical modern growth theory consists in the mathematical model-building of given results or data, it becomes necessary to take recourse to an alternative approach to explain economic growth as a process and not as mere results. This study thus adopts a praxeological approach, which deduces economic growth as an entrepreneurial process from the axiom of human action. In this manner, the objective of this study becomes threefold. First, it shall be shown from which roots sprout the entrepreneurial approach to economic growth—roots that have been neglected by the mainstream modern growth theory. Next, an exposition and a critical analysis of the main theories within the mainstream growth theory will be made in order to demonstrate its result analysis nature, and its shortcomings to explain the economic growth process. Finally, this study will propose a process analysis of entrepreneurial economic growth, mostly based on the praxeological framework of economic analysis
Krieger, Etienne. „L' influence respective de la confiance et des approches instrumentales dans l'évaluation des nouvelles entreprises : une application aux professionnels du capital-investissement“. Paris 9, 2001. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2001PA090026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSibony, Denis. „Capital social, philanthropie et identité : quelles implications pour l’économie sociale ?“ Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CNAM0887/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHow to explain variations in the level of donation in comparable countries? In all industrialized countries, the economic crisis of the 1980s encouraged the search for alternatives to the welfare state by encouraging third sector organizations to play a greater role in a partnership for the definition and implementation of public policies.Among Third sector organizations, philanthropic foundations provide a legal framework that allows people who wish to carry out acts of generosity by allocating a part of their personal wealth in the form of gift, for the purpose of general interest. Giving can be considered as a concrete expression of the cooperation between citizens for the common good.All democratic countries try to promote giving. The conventional explanations of the variation in level of gift among developed countries do not consider the gift as a social fact. We argue that the level of giving can't be explained by the sum of individual gifts that each respond to personal motives but by the state of the society whose cohesion is determined to both by the presence of social capital and the representation of identities.Social capital can be understood as " relationships, networks and norms that facilitate collective action." Social capital refers to relations that individuals establish them in social networks and the norms of reciprocity that arise from these relationships.This thesis is focused, first, on the level of social capital in economically developed countries and secondly on the meaning of the gift as a mode of representation of identity. It helps define social capital theory by highlighting the close relationship that unites the concept of the gift and hence the construction of identities.This analysis of the relationship between gift, identity ans social capital has direct implications for research in the field of civil society. Civil society is presented from two different perspectives. The first perspective, in a North American tradition, determines the Third sector to the sole condition of "non profit" sector. The second perspective, in an European tradition, consider social economy with organizations or enterprises within both profit and non-profit sector. These organizations and entreprises mix in their actions a plurality of economic logics.Based on the analysis of Polanyi on the embedding of the economy and its various forms of integration, associated with the Maussian logic of the gift, we try to shed light on the socio-economic dimension, or political dimension, of social economy. Social economy can be seen as a "gift economy", understood as a plural economy.Finally, the New Economic Sociology offers both an analysis of the reticular economy based on the presence and density of interpersonal ties and a cultural analysis of the economy that connects markets to values. It is possible to understand the social economy as a “social capital economy". Social capital is understood as an organizational factor and a meaning
Venet, Baptiste. „Théories de la libéralisation financière et dualisme financier“. Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090038.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this work is to demonstrate that financial dualism in developing countries may exist outside financial repression. Until recently, following the conclusions of the mc-kinnon-shaw group, the existence of curb markets was regarded as the consequence of a lack of financial deepening. Imposing interest ceilings or a high level of reserve requirements, or increasing too much the supply of fial money, developing countries' governments were assumed to encourage the artificial development of informal financial markets. However, following several critics (lack of clear relation between saving and real interest rates, natural imperfections on financial markets, etc. ), some economists, such as neo-structuralists, have developed an alternative stance. Instead of being the result of an excess of governmental regulation, financial dualism could be addressed as a consequence of natural segmentation of the domestic capital market in developing countries. We try to make this point using a simple model where financial dualism emerges in a situation of laissez-faire as a result of separate financial technology in both financial sectors
Dhaoui, Mohamed Lamine. „Contribution à la méthodologie du redressement des entreprises industrielles africaines en difficulté“. Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090007.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConcepts and methods of diagnostic and restructuring of enterprises received considérable attention in the literature pertaining to developed économies in the Western World. The approaches proposed, however, remain with little use to Africain enterprises. The critical review of these concepts and methods as well as an empirical analysis of difficulties facing Africain i enterprises (based on a sample of Tunisian enterprises) show limits of their transposition to the context of developing économies in Africa. With respect to these limits, an appropriate methodology of diagnostic and restructuring is proposed for African industrial enterprise. VThis methodology borrows useful concepts and techniques from both fields of Management Science and Industrial Economies. It aims at extending the restructuring process and at bringing some answers to certain theorical and practical préoccupations related especially to African industrial enterprises
Özyurt, Selin. „Croissance, productivité et les retombées positives de l’ouverture aux investissements directs étrangers et au commerce international en Chine“. Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the issues associated with China’s rapid economic development and reform initiative over the past three decades. The study presents new empirical evidence which relies on comprehensive data sets and recently developed parametric methods. The major objective of the thesis is to provide a systematic and comprehensive analysis of China’s recent economic growth and productivity performances. The main focus is directed to the investigation of spillovers to Chinese economy arising from openness to foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade. The major findings of the study are: (i) Over the past three decades, physical capital accumulation has been the main driving force of China’s rapid economic growth, while productivity and technical efficiency gains have also contributed to economic growth; (ii) openness to FDI and international trade exert a positive impact on growth and productivity; (iii) the spatial econometric analyses highlight that regional dynamics and spatial interactions play a crucial role in the process of economic development
Baechler, Laurent. „Action collective et allocation des ressources atmosphériques : le cas du changement climatique“. Paris 9, 2000. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndriamanampisoa, Tiana Harivony. „Le secteur informel dans les Hautes terres centrales de Madagascar. : le cas de la région Amoron'i Mania“. Thesis, Besançon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BESA1019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStudies on the informal sector in Madagascar are numerous and often based on itseconomic aspects. However, what we propose tries to bring a socio-anthropological perspective on acomplex phenomenon that can not be reduced to purely economic point of view. After defining thetheoretical frame of the subject, we focus more on the specifics of the subsistence activities ofMalagasy people, which are characterized by symbols and negotiation. Then, we present our studyzone, « the rocks area » or Amoron’i Mania region where we have listed four ideal types ofinformality which can become standard in other countries. In addition, informal is stronglyassociated with the parental system and particularly muddled with the formal sector. Contrary towhat one may think, globalization has accentuated this interweaving. At last, we proceed on criticaland prospective points of view, principally on the State’s attempts to regulate this sector. Thisprocess is still difficult because of corruption, the weakening of the Malagasy State and the politicalcrisis
Jaunaux, Laure. „Microcrédit individuel et économie informelle : Essais sur une expérience brésilienne“. Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090049.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation aims to contribute to a better understanding of individual microcredit, a wide-spread but little-studied instrument. This work is based on the empirical analysis of a Brazilian experiment. At first, individual microlending is positioned, throughout the literature and in the Brazilian context, in the continuum of financial services offered to micro firms. An assessment is striking: informality, the main feature of an emerging country, is often a missing variable in the litterature. This thesis studies thus the impact of firm's legal status on clients’ selection and their repayment performances. Then, one of the incentive mechanism used by the institution, the guarantor, is analysed in further details. Finally, we question informality causes and the role of microcredit on firms’ legalisation, besides other strategies based on reforms of the labour market or of institutions
Pochet, Buttin Christine. „Le fonctionnement réel du marché du travail“. Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090012.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHow does the labor market actually works ? The labor market is nowadays characterized by a high rigidity of wages, which decrease very little even when the supply of labor is high. Thus, this renewed study of the labor market will mainly rely on the analysis of quantity adjustments. First, the concept of labor market is abandonned and the concept of qualification market is ontroduced. Labor is no longer considered as a homogeneous factor, as in the classical theory. This work will demonstrate that qualified labor is exchanged on the labor market i. E labor which is characterized by skills required for a job or mastered by an applicant. This market place will be called the qualification market. Then, this work will analyse how the qualification market actually works. A short-term attitude of business firms will be to take advantage of the flexibility of every employee's qualification (by in-house training) to fit the requirements of production. This phenomenom is particularly obvious at the level of local labor markets. In the long run, technical innovations and the differential development of
Nguyen, Thi Thanh Huyen. „Réformes financières vietnamiennes dans la transition vers une économie de marché“. Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe thesis focuses to discuss the role of Vietnam financial system in the transitional process of the economy. We experiment the contemporary financial theories in respects to the importance of the financial system on the sustainable economic development to form a ground for an appropriate financial structure. The financial organization is believed to be able to fuel the economic development of the ex-centralized planning countries. The thesis further proposes an approach to develop this organization. The study of the best practice and experience from the successfully transformed countries has supported the theory and become a benchmark for the current reforms in Vietnam. The Vietnamese financial reforms have failed to fuel the economic development. Hence Vietnam is facing difficulty in financing its growth. The theoretical and case study have reaffirmed that the financial reforms in Vietnam should follow the approach by the ex-centralized planning countries which have successfully transformed their economy
Doresca, Michel-André. „État, économie et société en Haïti : éssai d'analyse d'une formation bureaucratique autoritaire“. Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of public activity brings up both methodological questions and theoritical problems. In the case of the republic of haiti, we have tried to find, by a socio-economical approach, the susceptible factors of the bureaucratic to explain the ineffectiveness and the inefficiency of the public options. About haiti, the intention of our preface was, on the hand, to locate our problem and clarify our purposes according to the approach of the particularities of the state (theme 1), the difficulties for defining what is the public interventionism in the country of which the situation among the "less developing countries" (ldc) seems like a missed appointment with modernity. This situation is the analysed as a particular reflection of the "peripherical fordism" of which the political administrative authorities as in favour. On the other hand, the public activity and the socio-economical order provides a crisis of legitimacy which implicates the nature of both the national and international management of underdevelopment. So, the bureaucratic-authoritarian haitian development imports to the state an interventionism dynamic, more fictitious than real, in so far as the created indicators of the planification results (theme 2) point out great differences compared to the situation judged as pernicious or opposed to the welfare economy to which the poor appeal. Some strategies have been brought into effect since the sixties which have resulted in an enthropy of the state apparatus which doesn't explain however why education, health, housing, in short the social sector, are among the lowest rates of realisation : if the state intervenes here, we do not feel any expression of coordination that would take into account the essential needs of the social majority. History, social relationships, the instutional laxity. It is here that the lines of analysis which permit us to arrive at the conclusion. The establishment of a participation system (interactive) and thus of a socio-political democracy is a viable perspective
Bouabid, Abderrazak. „Les effets des dépenses militaires sur l'activité économique des pays du tiers-monde : l'exemple marocain“. Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090109.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLinjouom, Njonap Mireille Simone. „Le choix d'un régime de change pour les pays membres de la zone "Euro CFA" : le cas du Cameroun“. Paris 9, 2003. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2003PA090045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKondongou, Vincent. „L'impact de la militarisation sur une économie en développement : le cas du centrafrique“. Paris 9, 1988. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1988PA090026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis Ph. D thesis studies the incidences of militarization upon a developing economy. But, further to the central african example, this essay also suggests an approach of the performances of african military regimes, i. E. A political economical cycle reflection. Part one of this thesis, briefly describes on a critical manner, the main economical theories of state and tries to test their applicability to military governments ; and then considers the causes of army's irruptions on the political scene in africa. Part two tries, in two different ways, to study the impact of militarization upon the central african economy : at first, directly, through econometrical correlations between military expenditures and the main aggregates of the domestic economy. Then, undirectly, through a historical approach of the consequences of the various economical programs and policies of the two military governments which have run this country
Ngowattana, Somsak. „Défis de l'intégration économique de l'ASEAN“. Paris 9, 2005. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2005PA090009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDurand-Zaleski, Isabelle. „Approche économique de la pathologie coronarienne“. Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe computed the cost-effectiveness ratios of medical interventions designed to prevent and treat coronary heart disease. Our population model is composed of three sub-groups: "rsik factors", "coronary stenosis" and "post myocardial infarction". The inteventions assessed are: drug therapy, thrombolysis, angiopolasty and coronary bypass. The costeffectiveness of these interventions varies between 10,000 and 100,000 french francs per additional year of life expectancy, 20,000 and 200,000 french franc per qaly. Cost-effectiveness ratios enable a profit-maximizer decision maker to allocate production factor in order to maximize the total social gain of years of life or qalys
Butera, Luigi. „Three essays on the economics of image motivation“. Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22011/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis contains two essays that assess the role of social image concerns in charitable giving decisions and one essay that explores the role of authority in hierarchical relationships characterized by aligned monetary interests.The first essay uses a neuro-economic experiment to compare the effect of social exposure on two types of pro-social behaviors: doing good and avoiding doing bad. We find that image gains deriving from visible acts of generosity are computed by the brain as rewards for both decisions. Differently, selfish decisions with no negative image consequences are computed differently: not doing good (and thus saving money) correlates with reward-related regions, while doing bad (and thus earning money) correlates with regions related to punishment’s anticipation and moral disgust.The second essay studies how information about real charities’ efficiency (and its social visibility) affects small donors contributions. We find that individuals disregard bad news about their own charities when giving happens under full anonymity, but do increase their contributions to charities that perform better than expected. Differently, when both the amount donated and the efficiency of the recipient are public knowledge, donors motivated by social image concerns treat the quantity and the quality of their donations as substitutes.The third investigates the effects of control in principal-agents’ relationships where monetary interests are aligned. By comparing direct control and general impersonal rules, we show that direct monitoring generates significantly more hidden costs of control from the agent side than impersonal rules.At the same time however, principals tend to exercise their authority less when restrictions are impersonal, as these force them to signal their greed also when unnecessary
Azmi, Elyas. „Le concept de clientèle en droit économique“. Paris 9, 2010. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2010PA090054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a world of increasingly globalized, competition is the heart of the market economy. The illustration of this reality is certainly taken into account by professionals of the vital role played by the customer in developing their activities. But in this new framework, the market, they need to win customers increasingly volatile or hardly noticeable, and when the opportunity arises, try to limit access to competing solely in the interest of ensuring some future availability. So what about this protean customer ? What role assigned-you one ? Is it actually appropriated ? Is she is that exactly ? In all of these questions are many and often confusing, the study of the customer may seem like a daunting task as it is difficult to comprehend its meaning. It was therefore necessary to arrive at a clear answer as helpful and which can secure the support of the professional world
Sentissi, Saâd. „Fiscalité décentralisée et développement économique au Maroc“. Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Gallic Corinne. „Libéralisation, instabilité financière et instabilité macro-économique“. Paris 9, 1996. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1996PA090048.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis analyses and integrates theoretical arguments, from various research fields, supporting the existence of a causality link between financial liberalization and macroeconomic fluctuations. It presents theoretical arguments supporting the idea that financial liberalization exaggerates financial instability. It examines two components of financial instability: banking instability and market instability. First, it gives some theoretical arguments showing that the new organization of financial markets, partly due to financial liberalization, increased the importance and impact on prices of mimetic and other destabilizing behavior of traders, hence increased markets volatility. Secondly, it shows that financial liberalization, while enhancing competition between financial intermediaries, reduced banks traditional source of profit: interest margins. To compensate this loss of revenue, banks developed markets operations. Thus, their long run profitability may stay the same, but their results should become less stable. Greater fluctuations of banks results would be expected. So, financial liberalization must have increased financial instability (more volatile asset prices and greater fluctuations of banks results). Therefore, both demand and supply side of the credit market must have been affected. Thus, macroeconomic fluctuations should increase. This argument is supported by the results of the simulations of a macro financial cycle model
Salmon, Anne. „L'offre éthique : une production de l'ordre économique“. Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAndrès, Frédéric. „Délocalisations, croissance et Union Européenne“. Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur thesis is in line with a very topical debate, namely, that of delocalizations. In the context of an enlarged Europe, the question of where firms will locate is a critical and much debated one. Western European countries fear that some of its industry will be relocated in the likes of Bulgaria or Slovenia, that is, in low-wage countries; in the meantime, Eastern European countries fear that some of their fledgling industry might be attracted by the larger market of more developed countries. Given the depth of the task, we have chosen to investigate only four facets of this problem: (i) chapter 1 focuses on the link between growth, the location of firms and wages; (ii) chapter 2 studies the interplay between international convergence and widening discrepancies within countries; (iii) chapter 3 is about linking the level of integration of two countries to the choice of organizational mode of the firm; (iv) finally, in chapter 4, we link the location of firms to the imperfections of the labor-market
Allard, Eric. „L'industrie du parapétrolier marin et la stratégie des entreprises françaises“. Paris 9, 1986. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1986PA090026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe french offshore industry ranges among the top three ones in the world. Its activity, almost totally exported, though remains misappreciated since it fails to appear in any statistical nomenclature. In a first part, concerning exploration-production areas, we introduce the international petroleum context and the process of offshore interventions, their markets, in a second part, from a representative pattern of french firms, we analyse the adopted strategies, the action of oil companies, government and professional bodies. Finally, we studie the outlook according to the different activities, the adaptation strategies that, in our opinion, should be carried within the french offshore firms
Villette, Jean-Paul. „Contribution à l'étude de la vulnérabilité financière. Significations et mesures : le cas de 34 entreprises de la Somme, de 1978 à 1981“. Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAkrou, Kouame Bertin. „Filière cacao et le développement d'une industrie de transformation dans les PVD producteurs de matières premières“. Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090058.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJaffre, Jean-Claude. „Perspectives charbonnières dans la communauté européenne à l'horizon 1990-1995 : un modèle économétrique“. Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090056.
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