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Thematische Bibliographien / ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CROPS / Zeitschriftenartikel

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema „ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT CROPS“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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1

Alan, Ali Ramazan, und Fevziye Celebi Toprak. „Ploidy manipulation strategies for economically important Allium crops“. Journal of Biotechnology 231 (August 2016): S31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.05.127.

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2

Alvarado Ibáñez, Juan Carlos, José Mostacero León und Mayra Gutiérrez Araujo. „BIOFERTILIZER POTENTIAL OF RHIZOBACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH ECONOMICALLY IMPORTANT AMAZONIAN CROPS“. REBIOL 41, Nr. 2 (22.11.2021): 156–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rebiol.2021.41.02.01.

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3

Byron, Morgan, Danielle D. Treadwell und Peter J. Dittmar. „Weeds as Reservoirs of Plant Pathogens Affecting Economically Important Crops“. EDIS 2019, Nr. 5 (19.09.2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-hs1335-2019.

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Weeds are a major contributor to yield loss and reduction in yield quality in an agricultural setting, competing with the crop for resources like light, water, and nutrients. This competition along with the cost of weed management strategies like tillage and herbicides, are responsible for the economic impact of weeds, which can reach into the billions. In addition to the damage caused by direct competition, weeds can also harm crop plants by acting as reservoirs for destructive plant pathogens, the insect vectors that move these pathogens from plant to plant, or both. The objective of this publication is to summarize previously published weed-pathogen associations to help growers scout and monitor pathogens in weeds near production areas.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1335

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4

Keldysh, M. A., und O. N. Chervyakova. „Invasive plants as reservoirs of viral infection for economically important crops“. Защита и карантин растений, Nr. 12 (2021): 31–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.47528/1026-8634-2021-12-31.

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5

Pillay, Kerushka R., Amy-Leigh Wilson, Tharmalingam Ramesh und Colleen T. Downs. „Digestive parameters and energy assimilation of Cape porcupine on economically important crops“. African Zoology 50, Nr. 4 (02.10.2015): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2015.1116373.

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6

Żołobowska, Lena, und Henryk Pospieszny. „Diversity of soft rot Erwinias occurring on economically important crops in Poland“. Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection 32, Nr. 5 (November 1999): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03235409909383305.

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7

Salem, Halima Hassan, Bahy Ahmed Ali, Tian-Hua Huang, Da-Nian Qin, Xiao-Mei Wang und Qing-Dong Xie. „Use of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Analysis for Economically Important Food Crops“. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 49, Nr. 12 (Dezember 2007): 1670–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7909.2007.00582.x.

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8

Sirisena, U. G. A. I., G. W. Watson, K. S. Hemachandra und H. N. P. Wijayagunasekara. „Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) species on economically important fruit crops in Sri Lanka“. Tropical Agricultural Research 25, Nr. 1 (17.09.2015): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tar.v25i1.8031.

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9

Min, Yu Yu, und Koki Toyota. „Plant-parasitic nematodes in some economically important crops in Myanmar – species, possible damage and control measures“. Nematology 20, Nr. 1 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685411-00003133.

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Rice, pulses and oilseed crops are major exporting crops in Myanmar. Many plant-parasitic nematodes, such asMeloidogyne incognita,M. javanica,M. graminicola,Ditylenchus angustus,Hirschmanniella oryzae,Heterodera cajaniandPratylenchusspp., have been detected in these crops in different cropping patterns and are considered one of the reasons for their low yields. Previous surveys have shown potential impact to yield losses in the crops. This Forum article provides collective information on species of the major plant-parasitic nematodes, possible damage and available control measures to such economically important crops in Myanmar.

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10

Burton, Nikki R., Hugh J. Beckie, Christian J. Willenborg, Steven J. Shirtliffe, Jeff J. Schoenau und Eric N. Johnson. „Evaluating Seed Shatter of Economically Important Weed Species“. Weed Science 64, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2016): 673–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-16-00081.1.

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The increasing occurrence of herbicide resistance, along with no new herbicide modes of action developed in over 30 yr, have increased the need for nonherbicidal weed management strategies and tactics. Harvest weed seed control (HWSC) practices have been successfully adopted in Australia to manage problematic weeds. For HWSC to be effective, a high proportion of weed seeds must be retained on the plant at crop maturity. This 2-yr (2014, 2015) study evaluated seed shatter of wild oat, green foxtail, wild mustard, and cleavers in both an early (field pea) and late (spring wheat) maturity crop in field experiments at Scott, Saskatchewan. Seed shatter was assessed using shatter trays collected once a week during crop ripening stage, as well as at two crop maturation or harvest stages (swathing, direct-combining). Seed shatter differed among weed species, but was similar between crops at maturity: ca. 30% for wild oat, 5% for cleavers, < 2% for wild mustard, and < 1% for green foxtail. Overall, seed shatter of wild oat occurred sooner and at greater levels during the growing season compared with the other weed species. Viability of both shattered and plant-retained seeds was relatively high for all species. The small amount of seed shatter of cleavers, wild mustard, and green foxtail suggests that these species may be suitable candidates for HWSC. Due to the amount and timing of wild oat seed shatter, HWSC may not reduce population abundance of this grassy weed.

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11

C. S.,, Jayaram. „Results from Resurveys for Prostigmatid Predatory Mites on Economically Important Crops in Karnataka“. International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 6, Nr. 1 (28.02.2018): 126–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5541.

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12

Mohan, S., M. Gopalan und V. V. Sreenarayanan. „Fish-meal waste as an attractant for economically important flies of agricultural crops“. Bioresource Technology 43, Nr. 2 (Januar 1993): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90178-e.

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13

Zdravkovic, Jasmina, Nenad Pavlovic, Zdenka Girek, Milan Zdravkovic und Dejan Cvikic. „Characteristics important for organic breeding of vegetable crops“. Genetika 42, Nr. 2 (2010): 223–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1002223z.

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The remarkable development and application of new genetic The Institute for Vegetable Crops possesses a rich germplasm collection of vegetables, utilized as gene resource for breeding specific traits. Onion and garlic breeding programs are based on chemical composition improvement. There are programs for identification and use of genotypes characterized by high tolerance to economically important diseases. Special attention is paid to breeding cucumber and tomato lines tolerant to late blight. As a result, late blight tolerant pickling cucumber line, as well as late blight tolerant tomato lines and hybrids are realized. Research on bean drought stress tolerance is initiated. Lettuce breeding program including research on spontaneous flora is started and interspecies hybrids were observed as possible genetic variability source. It is important to have access to a broad range of vegetable genotypes in order to meet the needs of organic agriculture production. Appreciating the concept of sustainable agriculture, it is important to introduce organic agriculture programs in breeding institutions.

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Bhattacharya, Ritam, und Parthiba Basu. „Pollinator Limitation and Crop Production: Experimental Observations on Few Economically Important Vegetable Crops in West Bengal, India“. Proceedings of the Zoological Society 71, Nr. 1 (05.10.2016): 88–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12595-016-0189-4.

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15

Raj, Hem. „Economically Important Products of Beekeeping Industry and Farmers` Awareness about Beehive Products in Shimla Hills of Himachal Pradesh, India“. UTTAR PRADESH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 45, Nr. 2 (19.01.2024): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.56557/upjoz/2024/v45i23864.

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Insect pollinators are responsible for pollination of most the fruit crops and they are performing it well. Pollinator mediated cross-pollination is needed for better production of fruit crops. Many insects such as honey bees, bumble bees, wasps, hover flies, butterflies and beetles are important pollinators but honey bees are the most significant and efficient pollinators of fruit crops. Honey bees are economically very important because they not only help in pollination but provide other valuable products like honey, beeswax, propolis, royal jelly, bee venom and pollen. A survey was conducted to know the farmers` awareness about beehive products in Shimla hills of Himachal Pradesh. It was found that the farmers had knowledge about different insect pollinators visiting various fruit crops. They were practicing beekeeping not only for managed crop pollination but for producing honey also. Only 67% of them were getting extra income by extracting honey from bee colonies. There was very little awareness among the farmers about other beehive products like beeswax, propolis, royal jelly, bee venom and pollens as well as regarding their use as industries, food, medicine, cosmetics and apitherapy. The climate and the conditions of Himachal Pradesh are not favourable for beekeeping. The lack of experts, financial support, labour, transport, honey market, knowledge of diseases and occurrence of winter snow fall at higher altitudes were demoralizing the farmers to make beekeeping as whole time profession. The renovation in all aspects of apiculture and application of improved beekeeping technologies will not only benefit beekeepers but also farmers and general public in pollinating their crops, gaining extra income and maintaining biodiversity.

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16

Zindovic, Jelena. „Presence and distribution of economically important potato viruses in Montenegro“. Pesticidi i fitomedicina 26, Nr. 2 (2011): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pif1102117z.

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The research was carried out, in the period 2002-2004 in order to determine the presence and distribution of potato viruses at 12 different locations and on 9 different potato varieties grown in Montenegro. The research included collecting of samples in seed potato crops and testing of six economically important potato viruses: Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus A (PVA) i Potato virus M (PVM). Using the direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and commercial antisera specific for six potato viruses, it was found that PVY was the most frequent virus during the three-year research period. The second frequent virus was PVS, followed by PVA, PLRV, PVM and PVX. Single and mixed infections were detected, and the most prevalent were the single infections of PVY. Also, in the period 2002-2004, PVY had the highest distribution and the number of present viruses was different at different localities and on different potato varieties. Further investigations were related to detailed characterization of the most prevalent virus (PVY), which is at the same time economically the most important one. Serological characterization of PVY was performed utilizing DAS-ELISA kit with commercial monoclonal antibodies specific for detection of the three strain groups of PVY, and the two strain groups - necrotic (PVYN/PVYNTN) and common (PVYO), were identified. Necrotic strains were prevalent in 2002 and 2004, while in 2003 PVYO was the most frequent strain in virus population. The presence of stipple streak strain (PVYC) was not detected in any of the tested samples.

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Sujatha, S., und J. Gowri Prakash. „Perspectives of Economically Important Pests and Climatic Changes on Various Agricultural Field Crops: A Review“. Agricultural Journal 7, Nr. 6 (01.06.2012): 408–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/aj.2012.408.413.

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18

Ćuk, Marina, Zagorka Savić, Renata Iličić und Ferenc Bagi. „Importance and epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt virus“. Biljni lekar 49, Nr. 2 (2021): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/biljlek2102148c.

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Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tospovirus. It has a polyphagous character and infects a wide range of very significant agricultural crops. Vectors of viruses are insects from order Thysanoptera (Thripidae) and till know eight species are known to transmit tospoviruses of which Frankliniella occidentalis is considered to be economically most important vector. TSWV is transmitted by thrips in a persistent and propagative manner. Relationship between vector and TSWV is very specific because vectors acquire the virus in the larval stages, while imago plays a key role in transmission of the virus. TSWV causes wide range of symptoms depending on host plant, external environmental conditions and type of viruses. In addition to affecting the fruit quality of cultivated crops, greatly reduces the yield to agricultural producers. Tomato is the most commonly attacked by TSWV, and after the symptoms manifested on leaves in the form of a bronze color, the virus was name. Protection of agricultural crops is very challenging and difficult due to wide distribution of viruse vectors, their hidden way of life as well as wide range of TSWV hosts.

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19

Naithani, Sushma. „Exploring genomics and transcriptomics: the way forward in improving crops and other economically important plant species“. Current Plant Biology 14 (September 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cpb.2018.10.002.

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20

Wang, Ruihong, Congyu Lu, Zhiming Shu, Xinbo Yuan, Han Jiang und Hongbo Guo. „iTRAQ-based proteomic analysis reveals several key metabolic pathways associated with male sterility in Salvia miltiorrhiza“. RSC Advances 10, Nr. 29 (2020): 16959–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra09240d.

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21

Prokhorov, V. N. „Nigella is a valuable economically useful crop (literature review)“. Vegetable crops of Russia, Nr. 4 (04.09.2021): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2021-4-111-123.

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The most important task for the sustainable development of modern agriculture is to increase the biological diversity of cultivated crops. In recent years, due to global climate change, the possibilities of using more thermophilic crops in new agro-ecological zones have expanded. The problem of increasing the biological diversity of vegetable products largely depends on the introduction of non-traditional plant species, with a simultaneous assessment of the initial material for its use in economically useful purposes and the creation of varieties and hybrids adapted to local conditions. In this regard, Nigella L. is of great interest among rare plant species. It is one of the most famous spicy-aromatic crops in the Mediterranean and Central Asia, possessing a wide range of biologically active compounds and unique medicinal properties. The review article provides information on the origin, biological characteristics and breeding of the culture. A brief review of food, medicinal and other economically useful properties is given, as well as the main elements of the technology for growing nigella are considered. It is shown that the cultivation of this culture will provide an opportunity to expand the range of non-traditional plants and be a promising renewable source of valuable plant raw materials, which will find application in various fields: in agriculture, in the food, pharmaceutical, perfumery and cosmetic industries, as well as in ornamental gardening.

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Burenin, V. I., und T. M. Piskunova. „VIR COLLECTION - FOR THE SELECTION OF SERVICE“. Vegetable crops of Russia, Nr. 2 (30.06.2012): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18619/2072-9146-2012-2-6-9.

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The article marked the stages of formation and studying of the VIR's collection of vegetable and melon crops. The structure of the collection and its significance for breeding is shown. The most important genetic resources of economically important traits are given.

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Hernandez, Flor, Rosalinda Villarreal, Valentin Torres und Adrien Gallou. „Monosporic Inoculation of Economically Important Horticultural Species with Native Endomycorrhizae under Greenhouse Conditions“. Agronomy 9, Nr. 3 (12.03.2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9030130.

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Research into the symbiotic relationship between plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is key for sustainable agricultural intensification. The objective of the present study is to evaluate native AMF at the monosporic level in greenhouse-grown, economically important crops. Agricultural soil samples from three locations (Saltillo, Zaragoza, and Parras) were obtained by combining portions resulting from a zigzag sampling pattern. From these samples, 15 morphotypes were extracted according to a modified Gerdemann’s technique and monosporically inoculated on melon, cucumber, tomato, and onion, 30 days after their sowing. Under a completely random experimental design, 16 treatments with three repetitions were defined. Plant height, root length, stem diameter, total fresh weight, fresh root weight, dry root weight, bulb weight, fresh leaf weight, total dry weight, flower number, leaf number, fruit number, spore number, and percentage of colonization were all evaluated. The results were subjected to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey comparison test (p ≤ 0.05), which showed that the monosporic inoculation favors significantly the AMF and the host, while the T6 (Saltillo spore + Steiner modified with 20% of the normal phosphorus concentration) showed a greater response uniformity on onion and melon, which indicates its great potential as an inoculum.

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Thiribhuvanamala, G. „Current Scenario on the Prevalence of Diseases in Economically Important Medicinal and Aromatic Crops of Tamil Nadu“. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Biosciences 8, Nr. 2 (30.04.2020): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.8012.

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25

Timm, A. E., L. Warnich und H. Geertsema. „Morphological and molecular identification of economically important Tortricidae (Lepidoptera) on deciduous fruit tree crops in South Africa“. African Entomology 16, Nr. 2 (September 2008): 209–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4001/1021-3589-16.2.209.

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26

Fan, Di, Timothy Schwinghamer und Donald L. Smith. „Isolation and diversity of culturable rhizobacteria associated with economically important crops and uncultivated plants in Québec, Canada“. Systematic and Applied Microbiology 41, Nr. 6 (November 2018): 629–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.syapm.2018.06.004.

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27

J. Hilli, Harshavardan, und Rahul Kapoor. „An Overview of Breeding Objectives to Improve the Economically Important Traits in Oat“. Current Agriculture Research Journal 11, Nr. 1 (10.05.2023): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/carj.11.1.02.

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The history of the modern oat may be traced to its intergeneric contamination of wheat and barley in southwest Asia, particularly in Mesopotamia and due to its use in only forage crop rather than a staple food in most of the countries it’s been neglected. There are just a few economically cultivated species of this self-pollinated crop, including A. sativa, A. nuda, and A. byzantina. After rice, wheat, maize, sorghum, and barley, oat production comes in at number six and in terms of oat production (FAO 2019). The present review was undertaken in order to address the present scenario of oats utilization and its consideration in research. The work majorly focussed in present are β glucan (due to its nutritional status) and disease resistance (majorly powdery mildew, pyrenophora leaf spot and crown rust) throughout the world but some drawbacks is that oats is usually neglected because of its limited use as forage value and also of its hexaploid nature. The different breeding methods employed till date for crop improvement are described in the chapter viz, traditional methods, diversity studies, mapping strategies, Marker aided breeding Association mapping, Genomic assisted breeding etc. Some of the qtls mapped by various researchers for different traits is also been listed in this article. Apart from these studies, the novel techniques which are still lacking in oats has much scope now to get it utilized through various improvement programmes like in other cereal crops.

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Kantor, Mihail, Zafar Handoo, Camelia Kantor und Lynn Carta. „Top Ten Most Important U.S.-Regulated and Emerging Plant-Parasitic Nematodes“. Horticulturae 8, Nr. 3 (26.02.2022): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8030208.

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Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are important pests that cause an estimated ten billion dollars of crop loss each year in the United States and over 100 billion dollars globally. The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) within the U.S. Department of Agriculture maintains and updates the U.S. Regulated Plant Pest list. Currently, the number of PPNs regulated by APHIS includes more than 60 different species. This review focuses on the top ten most economically important regulated and emerging plant-parasitic nematodes and summarizes the diagnostics of morphological and some molecular features for distinguishing them. These ten major previously described nematode species are associated with various economically important crops from around the world. This review also includes their current distribution in the U.S. and a brief historical background and updated systematic position of these species. The species included in this review include three PPNs considered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as invasive invertebrates Globodera pallida, Globodera rostochiensis, and Heterodera glycines; four regulated PPNs, namely Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Meloidogyne fallax, Ditylenchus dipsaci, and Pratylenchus fallax; and the three emerging PPNs Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne enterolobii, and Litylenchus crenatae mccannii.

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Kumari, Babita, Anil Kumar, Sujata Sujata und Lochan Sharma. „In Vitro Efficacy of Entomopathogenic Nematodes (EPNS) against Economically Important Insect-Pests of Cauliflower“. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 9, Nr. 1 (2024): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.91.6.

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Cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus), Tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and Plusia orichalcea (Fabricius) causes considerable yield loss in economically important crops such as cabbage, cauliflower, cotton, tobacco, castor, and pulses etc. The nation has been using more pesticides to combat these insects, which has increased environmental pollution, pesticide resistance, pest resurgence, and residue in food, soil, and water. The present study was assessed to susceptibility of P. brassicae, S. litura and P. orichalcea to entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Metarhabditis amsactae and mass multiplication of infective juveniles (IJs) in all three insects. Two strains, HAR-St-II and HAR-Ht-III of M. amsactae were tested against all three insects, at four inoculum levels i.e. 5, 10, 20 and 40 IJs /insect larva, under laboratory conditions at Department of Nematology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2021-2022. Results revealed that in both the strains of M. amsactae, as the observation time and level of IJs increased, there was a significant increase in per cent mortality of all three insects. Observation on recovery of M. amsactae was less from cadaver of P. orichalcea than P. brassicae and S. litura.

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Hanssen, Inge M., Moshe Lapidot und Bart P. H. J. Thomma. „Emerging Viral Diseases of Tomato Crops“. Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 23, Nr. 5 (Mai 2010): 539–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-23-5-0539.

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Viral diseases are an important limiting factor in many crop production systems. Because antiviral products are not available, control strategies rely on genetic resistance or hygienic measures to prevent viral diseases, or on eradication of diseased crops to control such diseases. Increasing international travel and trade of plant materials enhances the risk of introducing new viruses and their vectors into production systems. In addition, changing climate conditions can contribute to a successful spread of newly introduced viruses or their vectors and establishment of these organisms in areas that were previously unfavorable. Tomato is economically the most important vegetable crop worldwide and many viruses infecting tomato have been described, while new viral diseases keep emerging. Pepino mosaic virus is a rapidly emerging virus which has established itself as one of the most important viral diseases in tomato production worldwide over recent years. Begomovirus species and other whitefly-transmitted viruses are invading into new areas, and several recently described new viruses such as Tomato torrado virus and new Tospovirus species are rapidly spreading over large geographic areas. In this article, emerging viruses of tomato crops are discussed.

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Ruiz-Suárez, Luis, Bertha Mar-Morales, José García-Reynoso, Gema Andraca-Ayala, Ricardo Torres-Jardón, José García-Yee, Hugo Barrera-Huertas, Arturo Gavilán-García und Roberto Basaldud Cruz. „Estimation of the Impact of Ozone on Four Economically Important Crops in the City Belt of Central Mexico“. Atmosphere 9, Nr. 6 (11.06.2018): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9060223.

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Soundararajan, Prabhakaran, So Youn Won und Jung Sun Kim. „Insight on Rosaceae Family with Genome Sequencing and Functional Genomics Perspective“. BioMed Research International 2019 (19.02.2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7519687.

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Rosaceae is one of the important families possessing a variety of diversified plant species. It includes many economically valuable crops that provide nutritional and health benefits for the human. Whole genome sequences of valuable crop plants were released in recent years. Understanding of genomics helps to decipher the plant physiology and developmental process. With the information of cultivating species and its wild relative genomes, genome sequence-based molecular markers and mapping loci for economically important traits can be used to accelerate the genome assisted breeding. Identification and characterization of disease resistant capacities and abiotic stress tolerance related genes are feasible to study across species with genome information. Further breeding studies based on the identification of gene loci for aesthetic values, flowering molecular circuit controls, fruit firmness, nonacid fruits, etc. is required for producing new cultivars with valuable traits. This review discusses the whole genome sequencing reports of Malus, Pyrus, Fragaria, Prunus, and Rosa and status of functional genomics of representative traits in individual crops.

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Naidu, Rayapati A., Carl M. Deom und John L. Sherwood. „Expansion of the Host Range of Impatiens necrotic spot virus to Peppers“. Plant Health Progress 6, Nr. 1 (Januar 2005): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2005-0727-01-hn.

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This study reports the occurrence of Impatiens necrotic spot virus (INSV) on pepper under greenhouse conditions. In recent years, INSV has been detected in crops like peanut, tobacco, and potato as well as several weed species. Because INSV is vectored by western flower thrips and tobacco thrips, its expanding host range could make it an economically important problem in agricultural and horticultural crops in the U.S. Accepted for publication 11 July 2005. Published 27 July 2005.

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Loskutov, Igor G., Olga N. Kovaleva und Elena V. Blinova. „Genetic Diversity Barley and Oats of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry Collections for Breeding“. Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences 66, Nr. 4-5 (01.12.2012): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10046-012-0021-0.

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The paper summarises long-term data on the collection of cereal forage crops (barley, oat) studied under diverse conditions at experimental stations of the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Research Institute of Plant Industry. The selected sources of economically important traits that can be used in cereal forages breeding are presented

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García-Estrada, Raymundo Saúl, Alfredo Diaz-Lara, Vivian Hayde Aguilar-Molina und Juan Manuel Tovar-Pedraza. „Viruses of Economic Impact on Tomato Crops in Mexico: From Diagnosis to Management—A Review“. Viruses 14, Nr. 6 (09.06.2022): 1251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14061251.

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Tomato is the most economically important vegetable crop worldwide and the second most important for Mexico. However, viral diseases are among the main limiting factors that affect the productivity of this crop, causing total losses in some cases. This review provides key information and findings on the symptoms, distribution, transmission, detection, and management of diseases caused by viruses of major importance in tomato crops in Mexico. Currently, about 25 viruses belonging to nine different families have been reported infecting tomato in Mexico, but not all of them cause economically significant diseases. Viruses of economic importance include tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), pepino mosaic virus (PepMV), and tomato marchitez virus (ToMarV). The topics discussed here will provide updated information about the status of these plant viruses in Mexico as well as diverse management strategies that can be implemented according to the specific circumstances of each viral pathosystem. Additionally, a list of tomato-affecting viruses not present in Mexico that are continuous threats to the crop health is included.

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Szalárdi, T., A. Nagy, F. Oláh, M. Tóth und S. Koczor. „Preliminary data on attractiveness of phenylacetaldehyde-based lures on economically important plant bug pests (Hemiptera: Miridae)“. International Journal of Horticultural Science 27 (21.07.2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31421/ijhs/27/2021/8259.

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Several plant bug species (Miridae) are important pests of crops and vegetables, thus monitoring them is of essential importance for effective pest control. During the current, preliminary study synthetic plant volatile combinations were tested in field conditions in Hungary in alfalfa fields. Beside semiochemical baited traps, sweep-netting was also performed. In the experiments three plant bug species were found in higher numbers: Adelphocoris lineolatus, Lygus rugulipennis and L. pratensis. As a novel, interesting finding L. pratensis was attracted to phenylacetaldehyde baited traps. For all species, both males and females were trapped in all combinations. Sweep-netting and semiochemical baited traps showed different efficacy in case of the three species, as sweep-netting catches were highly biased for A. lineolatus, which indicates the higher efficacy of this method as compared to the tested semiochemical-baited traps. On the other hand, semiochemical baited showed better performance for L. rugulipennis and L. pratensis. For these species none of the tested combinations performed better than phenylacetaldehyde baited traps. The potential implication of results in view of monitoring are discussed.

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Kumar, Vivek, Garima Kakkar, Cristi L. Palmer, Cindy L. McKenzie und Lance S. Osborne. „Thrips Management Program for Horticultural Crops“. EDIS 2016, Nr. 9 (09.11.2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1145-2016.

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Among the 5,500 (or more) well-described species of thrips worldwide, nearly 1% are known as economically important pests. Because these tiny pests can feed on multiple plants, their damage potential to nursery and greenhouse production is immense: thrips inflict millions of dollars loss every year. Thrips hide easily in tiny spaces, reproduce rapidly, and can survive in a lot of climates. And they are invisibly small! Thrips infestations present a huge problem in the regional and international trade of plant materials and products, due to the quarantine risks and damage associated with several species in the order. This 7-page fact sheet presents a program to manage important thrips pests, including western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis), chilli thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis), weeping fig thrips (Gynaikothrips uzeli), gladiolus thrips (Thrips simplex), and privet thrips (Dendrothrips ornatus) known to damage several horticultural crops of economic importance in the United States. The publication will help growers take appropriate measures to minimize economic damage. Written by Vivek Kumar, Garima Kakkar, Cristi Palmer, Cindy L. McKenzie, and Lance S. Osborne, and published by the UF Department of Entomology and Nematology, September 2016. ENY-987/IN1145: Thrips Management Program for Horticultural Crops (ufl.edu)

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Rusinque, Leidy, Filomena Nóbrega, Laura Cordeiro, Arlindo Lima, Samuel Andrade und Maria Lurdes Inácio. „Root-Knot Nematode Species Associated with Horticultural Crops in the Island of Azores, Portugal“. Horticulturae 8, Nr. 2 (23.01.2022): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae8020101.

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Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPN) are an economically important group of plant pests present throughout the world. In particular, root-knot nematodes (RKN), sedentary endoparasites of a wide variety of economically important hosts with the ability to survive in temperate regions. During 2020–2021 an extensive survey of Meloidogyne spp. was undertaken on the island of São Miguel Azores, Portugal. A total of 80 samples comprising 23 species of plants were collected from 13 localities in 4 districts of the island. Samples included field and greenhouse vegetable crops. Bioassays were carried out to obtain females and juveniles for morphological and biochemical characterization of the isolates. The observed morphological features showed high similarity and consistency with previous descriptions of the genus. Concerning the biochemical characterization, the esterase (EST) phenotype displayed the patterns described for M. incognita, M. arenaria, and M. javanica. Meloidogyne incognita was found to be the most prevalent species with respect to both natural host range and geographical distribution, followed by M. arenaria and M. javanica. This is the first field survey that assesses the species of root-knot nematodes associated with horticultural crops in the Azores Island, contributing additional information on the distribution of this genus.

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Bag, Sudeep, und H. R. Pappu. „Symptomatology of Iris yellow spot virus in Selected Indicator Hosts“. Plant Health Progress 10, Nr. 1 (Januar 2009): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2009-0824-01-br.

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Thrips-transmitted Iris yellow spot virus is an economically important pathogen of onion bulb and seed crops. To better understand the biological diversity of IYSV, several plant species were evaluated for their response to mechanical inoculation with IYSV under controlled greenhouse conditions. Accepted for publication 3 June 2009. Published 24 August 2009.

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Mi, Qianqian, Jinping Zhang, Elaine Gould, Juhong Chen, Zhitan Sun und Feng Zhang. „Biology, Ecology, and Management of Erthesina fullo (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): A Review“. Insects 11, Nr. 6 (03.06.2020): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11060346.

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The yellow spotted stink bug (YSSB), Erthesina fullo Thunberg, is one of the most widely distributed phytophagous insect pests in Asia. YSSB is highly polyphagous and in China it feeds on over 57 host plants in 29 families, including some economically important fruit crops such as kiwifruit, pear, peach, apple, and pomegranate. With a primarily r-selected life history strategy, reproductive diapause, aggregation behavior, wide host range, high dispersal capacity, and close association with human-modified ecosystems, YSSB is a potentially invasive species that poses significant biosecurity threats to other countries outside its native range. This review summarizes basic and applied knowledge on the biology, ecology, and management of YSSB in China, with specific emphasis on its life history, host range, damage and impacts on economically important horticulture crops, and integrated pest management (IPM) approaches. The insights from the Chinese literature on this pest will help the countries outside its native range to conduct appropriate biosecurity risk assessments, develop a sound surveillance program, and develop an emergency response plan before its invasion of new geographic areas.

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Wazir, Aisha, Zishan Gul und Manzoor Hussain. „Comparative Study of Various Organic Fertilizers Effect on Growth and Yield of Two Economically Important Crops, Potato and Pea“. Agricultural Sciences 09, Nr. 06 (2018): 703–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/as.2018.96049.

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Thanmalagan, Raja Rajeswary, Aiswarya Jayaprakash, Abhijeet Roy, Annamalai Arunachalam und P. T. V. Lakshmi. „A review on applications of plant network biology to understand the drought stress response in economically important cereal crops“. Plant Gene 29 (März 2022): 100345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plgene.2021.100345.

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Riga, Ekaterini, Lawrence A. Lacey und Neussa Guerra. „Muscodor albus, a potential biocontrol agent against plant-parasitic nematodes of economically important vegetable crops in Washington State, USA“. Biological Control 45, Nr. 3 (Juni 2008): 380–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2008.01.002.

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E., Sankarganesh, Lavanya Sravani B., Rajeshwaran B. und Mounika M.N. „Tea Mosquito Bug (Helopeltis spp.): A Pest of Economically Important Fruit and Plantation Crops: Its Status and Management Prospects“. Plant Health Archives 1, Nr. 2 (17.07.2023): 18–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.54083/pha/1.2.2023/18-28.

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The tea mosquito bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) is the recognized pest of fruits and plantations across the world. In India, three species viz. Helopeltis antonii, H. bradyi and H. theivora are dominant among different species and found attacking a wide range of crops. Several alternate host plants of the tea mosquito bug have been recorded, especially in Africa and Asia. The nymphs and adults of the tea mosquito bug suck the sap from leaves, buds and shoots, which results in heavy crop losses. The pest is posing a serious challenge in domestic and overseas trades. For better management decisions, it is very much important to know about pest status, bionomics, distribution, host range, etc. The focus on the management of tea mosquito bug has to emphasize from chemical to traditional, indigenous technical knowledge and integrated pest management using the accessible resources to reduce the resistance development and limit the residual effects. This review highlights the significant works conducted on tea mosquito bug with detailed management strategies. The information on current status, host preference, incidence and early detection of this pest are discussed.

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Mandal, Honey Raj, Shambhu Katel, Sudeep Subedi und Jiban Shrestha. „Plant Parasitic Nematodes and their management in crop production: a review“. Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources 4, Nr. 2 (01.01.2021): 327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33950.

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Plant Parasitic Nematodes are small worm like transparent, bilateral symmetry, pseudocoelomate, multicellular, free living or parasitic microorganism which are predatory, aquatic, terrestrial, entopathogenic, ectoparasite, endoparasite, semi-endoparasite or sedentary. They cause substantial problems to major crops throughout the world, including vegetables, fruits, and grain crops. The root knot and cyst nematodes are economically important pests in numerous crops. Crop damage from nematodes is not readily apparent in most cases, and it often remains hidden by the many other factors limiting plant growth. In the past, the control of the nematodes has been based on the synthetic nematicides, the number of which has been drastically restricted in the EU because of their environmental side effects and subsequent restriction in European Union (EU) rules and regulations. Many other methods like cultural control, biological control, use of biotechnological tools and methods, use of resistant cultivars are tested and proven successful in controlling different species of nematodes all over the world. Alternatively, combinations of the different methods are proven to be highly effective both economically and environmentally.

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Thines, Marco, und Young-Joon Choi. „Evolution, Diversity, and Taxonomy of the Peronosporaceae, with Focus on the GenusPeronospora“. Phytopathology® 106, Nr. 1 (Januar 2016): 6–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-05-15-0127-rvw.

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Downy mildews are a notorious group of oomycete plant pathogens, causing high economic losses in various crops and ornamentals. The most species-rich genus of oomycetes is the genus Peronospora. This review provides a wide overview of these pathogens, ranging from macro- and micro-evolutionary patterns, their biodiversity and ecology to short overviews for the currently economically most important pathogens and potential emerging diseases. In this overview, the taxonomy of economically relevant species is also discussed, as the application of the correct names and species concepts is a prerequisite for effective quarantine regulations and phytosanitary measures.

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Celis-Diez, Juan L., Camila B. García, Juan J. Armesto, Sebastián Abades, Michael P. D. Garratt und Francisco E. Fontúrbel. „Wild Floral Visitors Are More Important Than Honeybees as Pollinators of Avocado Crops“. Agronomy 13, Nr. 7 (27.06.2023): 1722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13071722.

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Wild insects provide pollination services in agroecosystems. Avocado is an economically important crop grown in the Chilean Mediterranean climate region and exported worldwide. Avocado pollination is managed using honeybee hives, while the role of wild insects as pollinators remains poorly known. We quantified the relative contributions of wild floral visitors and honeybees to the fruit set of avocados in two contrasting seasons (2015 and 2016) in Central Chile. Observations were made in 60 trees grown nearby (~300 m) to remnant patches of native sclerophyll vegetation. We found that honeybees and wild insects accounted for 48.6% and 51.4% of total floral visitation, respectively, with a 68% taxonomic similarity of floral visitors between seasons. The presence of honeybees significantly modulated the floral visitor composition and modified plant-pollination network parameters, which resulted in the biotic homogenization of the interaction network, through the increase of shared tree–floral visitor interactions, to the detriment of exclusive interactions. Finally, wild insects were more effective than honeybees in pollinating avocado trees and their contribution was greatest during the dry year. Thus, honeybees alone cannot be relied upon to deliver maximum pollination. We highlight ecological intensification practices to encourage wild insect visits and avoid native vegetation replacement with orchards. Therefore, we emphasize that future ecological intensification research should address agricultural practices to promote wild insects and evaluate the role of native vegetation as wild pollinator habitat in agricultural landscapes.

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Pachkin, Alexey, Oksana Kremneva, Daniil Leptyagin, Artem Ponomarev und Roman Danilov. „Light Traps to Study Insect Species Diversity in Soybean Crops“. Agronomy 12, Nr. 10 (28.09.2022): 2337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12102337.

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We aimed to monitor the species diversity and the dynamics of the number of soybean pests using light traps with an original design to develop protection systems against the main phytophages. Traps lured 44 species of insects from eight orders and 27 families. The capture of 15 species of economically important phytophages was recorded—representatives of various orders and families: order Lepidoptera—Noctuidae, Crambidae, Erebidae, and Geometridae; order Hemiptera—Flatidae; order Coleoptera—Elateridae, etc. Insect identification was carried out via morphological methods. Over the study period (93 days), 4955.41 insect specimens were caught on average per one trap. Most of the attracted insects belong to harmful entomofauna: namely the cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera, Hübner)—58.9%, the beet webworm (Loxostege sticticalis, L.)—12.74%, the nutmeg moth (Anarta trifolii, Hufnagel)—6.5%, the European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis, Hübner)—2.68%, and some other species—19.2%. In addition to economically significant phytophages, we registered some indifferent and beneficial species. The summer dynamics of the cotton bollworm and the nutmeg moth were obtained for the entire research period. Then, we calculated the values of the indices of biodiversity and the dominance of insect species. An analysis of the index values allows us to conclude a balanced entomocomplex at the research site.

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Ploetz, Randy C. „Fusarium-Induced Diseases of Tropical, Perennial Crops“. Phytopathology® 96, Nr. 6 (Juni 2006): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-96-0648.

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The world's oldest ecosystems are found in the tropics. They are diverse, highly evolved, but barely understood. This and subsequent papers describe diseases of tropical, perennial plants that are caused by Fusarium spp. Many of these are economically significant, difficult to manage, and of scientific interest. Some represent coevolved patho-systems (e.g., Panama disease, tracheomycosis of coffee, fusariosis of pineapple, and Fusarium wilt of oil palm), whereas others may be new-encounter diseases or are caused by generalist pathogens (cushion gall of cacao). New vector relationships are evident in other pathosystems (e.g., mango malformation), and two or more pathogens have been shown to cause some of the diseases (Panama disease and tracheomycosis of coffee). More work on these pathosystems is warranted as they could reveal much about the evolution of plant pathogens and the important diseases they cause.

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Goswami, Manika, Kaushal Attri und Isha Goswami. „Applications of Molecular Markers in Fruit Crops: A Review“. International Journal of Economic Plants 9, Nr. 2 (28.05.2022): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/2/2022.0459.

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Markers are any trait of an organism that can be identified with confidence and relative ease, and can be followed in a mapping population or they can be defined as heritable entities associated with the economically important trait under the control of polygenes. Molecular markers have diverse applications in fruit crop improvement, particularly in the areas of genetic diversity and varietal identification studies, disease diagnostics, hybrid detection, sex differentiation and marker assisted selection. Molecular markers provide new directions to the efforts of plant breeders particularly in gene localization, taxonomy, phylogenetic analysis and also play an important role to decrease the time required for development of new and excellent cultivars. The most interesting application of molecular markers is marker-assisted selection (MAS). Suitable DNA markers should be polymorphic in the nature and should be expressed in all tissues, organs, at various developmental stages. Compared with traditional breeding programs, molecular markers can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of fruit breeding programs.

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