Bücher: „Economic Net Present Value“

1

Ahson, Mazhar. Net export value of Sudanese exports. [Pullman, Wash: Washington State University, 1985.

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2

Duffield, John. The net economic value of fishing in Montana. [Helena?, Mont.]: Montana Dept. of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1987.

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3

Donnelly, Dennis M. Net economic value of deer hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1986.

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4

Donnelly, Dennis M. Net economic value of deer hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1986.

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5

Swanson, Cindy Sorg. The net economic value of elk hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1986.

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6

Swanson, Cindy Sorg. The net economic value of elk hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1986.

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7

Robert, Brooks. The net economic value of deer hunting in Montana. [Helena?, Mont.]: Montana Dept. of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, 1988.

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8

Loomis, John B. The net economic value of antelope hunting in Montana. [Helena?, Mont.]: Montana Dept. of Fish, Wildlife & Parks, 1988.

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9

Nwogugu, Michael C. I. Anomalies in Net Present Value, Returns and Polynomials, and Regret Theory in Decision-Making. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-44698-5.

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10

Yadgarov, Yakov. History of economic thought. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1059100.

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The textbook presents the course of history of economic doctrines in accordance with the General plan of previous editions. Discusses the economic doctrine of the era of pre-market economy (including the economic thought of the Ancient world and middle Ages), mercantilism, classical political economy, socio-economic reform projects of economic romanticism, utopian socialism, German historical school, marginalism. To the era of regulated market relations are covered in the textbook socio-institutional direction, the theory of market with imperfect competition, Keynesian Economics, neoliberalism, the concept of the neoclassical synthesis, neo-institutionalism, the phenomenon of the Russian school of economic thought. Special attention is given to synthesis as the basis of modern theories of value. Meets the requirements of Federal state educational standards of higher education of the last generation. For students enrolled in the specialty 38.03.01 "Economics", graduate students, researchers and anyone interested in the history of world and domestic economic thought.

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11

Sercu, Piet. Negotiation and adjusted NPV for international joint venture projects. Brussels: European Institute for Advanced Studies in Management, 1994.

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12

Ludwig, Donald. Opportunity cost of preservation of old growth and the present value of silviculture. Vancouver, B.C: Forest Economics and Policy Analysis Research Unit, 1991.

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13

Heaps, Terry. An analysis of the present value of stumpage under a variety of economic and management conditions. Ottawa, Ont: Economic Council of Canada, 1985.

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14

Cevelev, Aleksandr. The economy and material management on a railway transport. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1085329.

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In the textbook in an accessible form presented and discussed the development of the economy and the inventory management of railway transport in the new economic environment. For the first time in Russian literature, made a theoretical attempt at a comprehensive review of the effectiveness of, and satisfaction of needs in material resources structural divisions, subsidiaries and affiliates of JSC "RZD". According to the results of theoretical research, innovative and production potential of the supply system of railway transport the main directions and methods of transformation of the restructuring process under the corporate changes of JSC "RZD", positioned value system of logistics of rail transport, a comprehensive approach to the development of systems of balanced indicators of supply and prompt handling of material resources. Recommendations for the implementation of the developed algorithms and models are long term in nature and are based on the concept of logistics management improve business processes, system logistics. For students and teachers, workers of enterprises of railway transport, and others interested in questions of transport Economics.

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15

Net Present Value and Risk Modelling for Projects. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.

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16

Hopkinson, Martin. Net Present Value and Risk Modelling for Projects. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315248172.

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17

Ahson, Mazhar. Net value of Sudanese exports. 1985.

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18

Routledge, Bryan R. Corporate Decision-Making, Net Present Value, and the Environment. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199584451.003.0027.

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19

J, Nelson Louis, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. Net economic value of waterfowl hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1987.

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20

M, Donnelly Dennis, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. Net economic value of recreational steelhead fishing in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.

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21

Net economic value of upland game hunting in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1987.

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22

Barry, John. Green Political Economy. Herausgegeben von Teena Gabrielson, Cheryl Hall, John M. Meyer und David Schlosberg. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199685271.013.30.

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This chapter outlines the main features of green political economy and how it differs from dominant orthodox neo-classical economics. Neo-classical economics is critiqued on the grounds of its false presentation of itself as “objective” and “value neutral.” Its ecologically irrational commitment to the imperative of orthodox economic growth as a permanent feature of the economy compromises its ability to offer realistic or normatively compelling guides to how we might make the transition to a sustainable economy. Green political economy is presented as an alternative form of economic thinking but one which explicitly expresses its normative/ideological value bases. It also challenges the commitment to undifferentiated economic growth as a permanent objective of the human economy. In its place, it promotes “economic security” and a post-growth economy. The latter includes the transition to a low-carbon energy economy, and is one which maximizes quality of life and actively seeks to lower socio-economic inequality.

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23

Sorg, Swanson Cindy, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. Net economic value of cold and warm water fishing in Idaho. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.

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24

Anomalies in Net Present Value, Returns and Polynomials, and Regret Theory in Decision-Making. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.

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25

Nwogugu, Michael C. I. Anomalies in Net Present Value, Returns and Polynomials, and Regret Theory in Decision-Making. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.

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26

L, Emerton, IUCN East Africa Regional Office., IUCN Eastern Africa Programme und Economics and Biodiversity Programme (IUCN East Africa Regional Office), Hrsg. The present economic value of Nakivubo Urban Wetland, Uganda. Nairobi, Kenya: IUCN Eastern Africa Regional Office, 1999.

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27

Present Day China : a Net Assessment: ORF China Study Series #5. Academic Foundation, 2013.

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28

Collomb, Bertrand, und Susan Neiman. A Dialogue Between Business and Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825067.003.0003.

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Is there a way of doing business that can sustain material progress without displacing other values that are the essence of the good life? This chapter is a dialogue on this and related questions. Has the present economic system reversed the means–end relation between markets and life? What forms of reasoning and value might redress this? Given our growing awareness and relations, what responsibilities do we have toward people in other parts of the planet? Will enterprises face a sunset on the notion of limited liability? The chapter discusses the marketing economy’s manufacture of needs and the seeming overfinancialization of the economy. It concludes by proposing that if something is necessary to act morally, it is rational for us to believe in it. The spontaneous outcomes of the free market have to be evaluated against our societal goals, and the process reshaped via education and not only regulation.

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29

Ghaleigh, Navraj Singh. Economics and International Climate Change Law. Herausgegeben von Kevin R. Gray, Richard Tarasofsky und Cinnamon Carlarne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199684601.003.0004.

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This chapter presents an economic analysis of climate change and international climate change law. From an economic perspective, the environment becomes a scarce resource which must be allocated between competing ends. The economics of climate change draws mainly on the two foundational insights of economics. The first is that the free exchange of goods tends to move resources to their highest valued use, in which case the allocation of resources is said to be ‘Pareto-efficient’. The second is that economic agents respond to incentives. Economic agents are rational utility maximizers, meaning that they will undertake those actions which raise their level of utility. The chapter examines economist Ronald Coase’s article The Problem of Social Cost, which deals with externalities, the cost or benefit that affects a party who did not choose to incur that cost or benefit, and applies it to pollution and emissions trading.

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30

B, Loomis John, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. Net economic value of hunting unique species in Idaho: Bighorn sheep, mountain goat, moose, and antelope. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.

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31

Ansar, Atif, Bent Flyvbjerg, Alexander Budzier und Daniel Lunn. Big Is Fragile. Herausgegeben von Bent Flyvbjerg. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.013.5.

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This chapter characterizes the propensity of big capital investments to systematically deliver poor outcomes as “fragility”—a notion suggested by Nassim Taleb. A thing or system that is easily harmed by randomness is fragile. It is argued that, contrary to their appearance, big capital investments break easily—they deliver negative net present value—due to various sources of uncertainty that impact them during their long gestation, implementation, and operation periods. The existence of economies of scale and scope is not refuted; instead, it is argued that big capital investments have a disproportionate (non-linear) exposure to uncertainties that deliver poor or negative returns above and beyond their economies of scale and scope. It is further argued that to succeed, leaders of capital projects need to carefully consider where scaling pays off and where it does not. To automatically assume that “bigger is better,” which is common in megaproject management, is a recipe for failure.

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32

Kershaw, Jane, Gareth Williams, Søren Sindbæk und James Graham-Campbell, Hrsg. Silver, Butter, Cloth. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827986.001.0001.

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This book advances current debate about the nature and complexity of Viking economic systems. It explores how silver and other commodities were used in monetary and social economies across the Scandinavian world of the Viking Age (c.AD 800–1100) before and alongside the wide-scale introduction of coinage. Through a multidisciplinary approach that unites archaeological, numismatic, and metallurgical analyses, it examines the uses and sources of silver in both monetary and social transactions, addressing topics such as silver fragmentation, hoarding, and coin production and reuse. It also goes beyond silver, giving the first detailed consideration of the monetary role of butter, cloth, and gold in the Viking economy. Indeed, the book is instrumental in developing methodologies to identify such commodity-monies in the archaeological record. The use of silver and other commodities within Viking economies is a dynamic field of study, fuelled by important recent discoveries across the Viking world. The fourteen contributions to this book, by a truly international group of scholars, draw on newly available archaeological data from eastern Europe, Scandinavia, the North Atlantic, and the British Isles and Ireland, to present the latest, original research. Together, they deepen understanding of Viking monetary and social economies and advance new definitions of ‘economy’, ‘currency’, and ‘value’ in the ninth to eleventh centuries.

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33

Monga, Célestin, und Justin Yifu Lin, Hrsg. The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198793847.001.0001.

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This book examines a variety of topics relating to structural transformation, such as why such transformations are associated with persistently high unemployment; the ‘flying-geese’ theory introduced by Japanese economist Kaname Akamatsu in the mid-1930s; mutual, two-way dependence of structural transformation and food security; a competitiveness-based view of structural transformation; the link between world trade and structural change from 1800 to present; the relationship between financial reforms, financial development, and structural change; sustainable structural change in the context of global value chains; and the commonly used strategies to build effective clusters and industrial parks. The book also discusses the specific problems that arise when composing an index of structural change and development, and suggests ways to address them; how structural change can be formally modelled in New Structural Economics (NSE); and some of the key elements of the knowledge accumulated in development economics. Furthermore, it identifies three key economic forces that drive structural transformation: the first emphasizes income effects, while the other two both emphasize relative price effects. The experiences of regions and countries such as Latin America, the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU), India, Egypt, Viet Nam, China, Korea, Taiwan, Ethiopia, and Tanzania with respect to structural transformation are also analysed. Finally, the book considers what is harmful in the existing structures, what goals we want any new structures to serve, and what structures would serve the chosen goals.

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34

Schiller, Wendy J., und Charles Stewart. Candidate Emergence, Political Ambition, and Seat Value. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691163161.003.0003.

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This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of the value of a Senate seat and a general assessment of the value that a Senate seat added to a state during this era of federalism. It argues that from a purely distributive standpoint, the value of a Senate seat was not high, but for political parties and business interests, the stakes were enormous for the maintenance of political organizations and control over local politics as well as the direction of national policies that affected state and local business interests. The chapter presents case studies from Pennsylvania and Rhode Island to illustrate the desire to use a Senate seat to consolidate state political control and reap the associated economic benefits. It also includes cases from Nevada and Wisconsin to demonstrate the role of national party policies in the dynamics of state-based Senate campaigns.

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35

Freitas, Lisiane dos Santos, Roberta Menezes Santos, Diego Fonseca Bispo, Thainara Bovo Massa, Thiago Vinícius Barros, Lucio Cardozo Filho, Alberto Wisniewski Jr. et al. Energia da Biomassa: termoconversão e seus produtos. Brazil Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-079-3.

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In this book, the authors briefly present a description of the main pyrolysis process, the pretreatment of biomass, the characteristics of biomass, and pyrolysis products through an upgraded methods and its application. The book is divided into ten chapters dedicated to showing the potential of the thermochemical process to convert biomass into biogas, bio-oil, pyrolysis water, and biochar, which are products that can be used as intermediates in the chemical industry, in agriculture, or as biofuels. The critical knowledge of the characteristics of the biomass and possible pretreatment methods before pyrolysis can be used to help determine the routes to obtain products with superior economic value. The main types of thermal conversion, the technologies, reactors, and catalyst used to upgrade the bio-oil into biofuels, is presented is a didactic form. The characterization of classic and new techniques is addressed in order to clarify the main information obtained about the chemical characteristics of biomass and pyrolysis products. The content also shows the importance and main applications of pyrolysis products for the economy and the environment.

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36

Peterson, Martin. The Sustainability Principle. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190652265.003.0006.

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The aim of this chapter is to render the Sustainability Principle more precise. To what extent can it be motivated by axiological claims about the moral value of sustainability? The position articulated in this chapter is somewhat complex. If sustainability had been valuable in a noninstrumental sense, then this would have been an excellent explanation for why long-term depletion of significant natural resources is wrong. However, the best argument for ascribing noninstrumental value to the environment does not warrant the conclusion that sustainability is valuable in a noninstrumental sense. This leaves us with an alternative explanation for why we should accept the sustainability principle: Long-term depletion of significant natural, social, or economic resources is wrong because it indirectly reduces the well-being of millions of present and future sentient beings. It is thus the instrumental value of sustainability that ultimately motivates the sustainability principle.

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37

W, McCollum Daniel, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. The Net economic value of recreation on the national forests: Twelve types of primary activity trips across nine Forest Service regions. Fort Collins, Colo. (240 W. Prospect Rd., Fort Collins 80526): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990.

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38

W, McCollum Daniel, und Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station (Fort Collins, Colo.), Hrsg. The Net economic value of recreation on the national forests: Twelve types of primary activity trips across nine Forest Service regions. Fort Collins, Colo. (240 W. Prospect Rd., Fort Collins 80526): U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990.

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39

The Net economic value of recreation on the national forests: Twelve types of primary activity trips across nine Forest Service regions. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1990.

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40

Kingsbury, Benedict, David M. Malone, Paul Mertenskötter, Richard B. Stewart, Thomas Streinz und Atsushi Sunami, Hrsg. Megaregulation Contested. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825296.001.0001.

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The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) of 2018 is the most far-reaching “megaregional” economic agreement in force. Japan, the largest economy among the eleven signatory countries, played a leading role in bringing CPTPP into being and in the decision largely to preserve in its provisions the stamp of the original US involvement before the Trump-era reversal. The Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) is the first instance of “megaregulation”: a demanding combination of inter-state economic ordering and national regulatory governance on a highly ambitious substantive and transregional scale. Its text and ambition have influenced other negotiations ranging from the Japan–EU Economic Partnership Agreement (JEEPA) and the US–Mexico–Canada Agreement (USMCA) to the projected Pan-Asian Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP). This book provides an extensive analysis of TPP as a megaregulatory project for channeling and managing new pressures of globalization, and of core critical arguments made against economic megaregulation from standpoints of development, inequality, labor rights, environmental interests, corporate capture, and elite governance. Specialized chapters cover supply chains, digital economy, trade facilitation, intellectual property, currency levels, competition and state-owned enterprises, government procurement, investment, prescriptions for national regulation, and the TPP institutions. Country studies include detailed analyses of TPP-related politics and approaches in Japan, Mexico, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, and Thailand. Contributors include leading practitioners and scholars in law, economics, and political science. At a time when the World Trade Organization (WTO) and other global-scale institutions are struggling with economic nationalism and geopolitics, and bilateral and regional agreements are pressed by public disagreement and incompatibility with digital and capital and value chain flows, the megaregional ambition of TPP is increasingly important as a precedent requiring the close scrutiny this book presents.

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41

Raible, Lea. Human Rights Unbound. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198863373.001.0001.

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This book develops a theory of extraterritorial human rights obligations in international law. It links debates on human rights theory with those relating to extraterritoriality and merges accounts of economic social and cultural rights with those of civil and political rights. It advances four main arguments aimed at changing the way we think about extraterritoriality of human rights. First, it is argued that the questions regarding extraterritoriality are really about justifying the allocation of human rights obligations to specific states. Second, the book shows that human rights as found in international human rights treaties are underpinned by the values of integrity and equality. Third, it is argued that these same values justify the allocation of human rights obligations towards specific individuals to public institutions—including states—that hold political power over said individuals. And fourth, the book argues that title to territory is best captured by the value of stability, as opposed to integrity and equality. If these arguments are successful, their consequence is a major shift in how we view extraterritorial human rights obligations. Namely, the upshot is that all standards in international human rights treaties that count as human rights require that a threshold of jurisdiction, understood as political power, is met. However, on the present account, this threshold is not just a conceptual necessity but a normative one as well. It is needed because it not only describes, but also justifies the allocation of obligations.

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42

Sung-Yul Park, Joseph. In Pursuit of English. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190855734.001.0001.

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This book presents subjectivity as a theoretical and analytic perspective for studying the intersection of language and political economy. It makes this point by arguing that the way English comes to be valorized as a language of economic opportunity in the context of neoliberalism must be understood with reference to subjectivity—the dimensions of affect, morality, and desire that shape how we, as human beings, understand ourselves as actors in the world. Focusing on South Korea’s ‘English fever’ that took place in the 1990s and 2000s, this book traces how English became an object of heated pursuit amidst the country’s rapid neoliberalization, demonstrating that English gained prominence in this process not because of the language’s supposed economic value, but because of the anxieties, insecurities, and moral desire that neoliberal Korean society inculcated—which led English to be seen as an index of an ideal neoliberal subject who willingly engages in constant self-management and self-development in response to the changing conditions of the global economy. Bringing together ethnographically oriented perspectives on subjectivity, critical analysis of conditions of contemporary capitalism, theories of neoliberal governmentality, and sociolinguistic and linguistic anthropological frameworks of metapragmatic analysis, this book suggests an innovative new direction for research on language and political economy, challenging the field to consider the emotionally charged experiences we have as language users as the key for understanding the place of language in neoliberalism.

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43

Wende, Marijk van der, William C. Kirby, Nian Cai Liu und Simon Marginson, Hrsg. China and Europe on the New Silk Road. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198853022.001.0001.

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This book presents the outcomes of the research project on “The New Silk Road: Implications for higher education and research cooperation between China and Europe.” It addresses questions regarding how academic mobility and cooperation is taking shape along the New Silk Road and what difference it will make in the global higher education landscape. It presents a rich collection of contributions by scholars from Europe, China, the USA, Russia, and Australia, combining perspectives from anthropology, computer sciences, economics, education, history, law, political science, philosophy, science and technology studies, sinology, and sociology. Introductory chapters present the global context for the NSR, the development of Chinese universities along international models, and the history and outcomes of EU–China cooperation. The flows and patterns in academic cooperation along the New Silk Road as they shape and have been shaped by China’s universities are explored in more detail in the following chapters. The conditions for Sino-foreign cooperation are discussed next, with an analysis of regulatory frameworks for cooperation, recognition, data, and privacy. Comparative work follows on the cultural traditions and academic values, similarities and differences between Sinic and Anglo-American political and educational cultures, and their implications for the governance and mission of higher education, the role of critical scholarship, and the state and standing of the humanities in China. The book concludes with contributions focusing on the “Idea of a University”; the values underpinning its mission, shape, and purpose, reflecting on the implications of China’s rapid higher education development for the geo-politics of higher education itself.

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44

Heath, Joseph. Philosophical Foundations of Climate Change Policy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197567982.001.0001.

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Although the task of formulating an appropriate policy response to the problem of anthropogenic climate change is one that raises a number of very difficult normative issues, environmental ethicists have not played an influential role in government deliberations. This is primarily due to their rejection of many of the assumptions that structure the debates over policy. This book offers a philosophical defense of these assumptions in order to overcome the major conceptual barriers to the participation of philosophers in these debates. There are five important barriers: First, the policy debate presupposes a stance of liberal neutrality, as a result of which it does not privilege any particular set of environmental values over other concerns. Second, it assumes ongoing economic growth, along with a commitment to what is sometimes called a weak sustainability framework when analyzing the value of the bequest being made to future generations. Third, it treats climate change as fundamentally a collective action problem, not an issue of distributive justice. Fourth, there is the acceptance of cost-benefit analysis, or more precisely, the view that a carbon-pricing regime should be guided by our best estimate of the social cost of carbon. And finally, there is the view that when this calculation is undertaken, it is permissible to discount costs and benefits, depending on how far removed they are from the present. This book attempts to make explicit and defend these presuppositions, and in so doing offer philosophical foundations for the debate over climate change policy.

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45

Camasso, Michael J., und Radha Jagannathan. Caught in the Cultural Preference Net. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672782.001.0001.

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In this book, the authors focus their attention on the role that culture, that collection of values, beliefs, attitudes, and preferences responsible for creating national identities, has played and continues to play on individuals’ decisions when they are in or about to enter the labor market. At a time when millennials face many employment challenges and Generation Z can be expected to encounter even more, a clearer understanding of the ways cultural transmission could facilitate or hinder productive and rewarding work would appear to be both useful and well-timed. The book’s title—Caught in the Cultural Preference Net: Three Generations of Employment Choices in Six Capitalist Democracies—conveys the authors’ aim to determine if work-related beliefs, attitudes, and preferences have remained stable across generations or if they have become pliant under changing economic conditions. And while millennials serve as the anchoring point for much of our discussion, they do not neglect the significance that their parents from Generation X (b. 1965–1982) and their baby boomer parents (b. 1945–1964) may have had on their socialization into the world of work. The book is organized around three lines of inquiry: (a) Do some national cultures possess value orientations that are more successful than others in promoting economic opportunity? (b) Does the transmission of these value orientations demonstrate persistence irrespective of economic conditions or are they simply the result of these conditions? (c) If a nation’s beliefs and attitudes do indeed impact opportunity, do they do so by influencing an individual’s preferences and behavioral intentions? The authors’ principal method for isolating the employment effects of cultural transmission is what is referred to as a stated preference experiment. They replicate this experiment in six countries—Germany, Sweden, Spain, Italy, India, and the United States—countries that have historically adopted significantly different forms of capitalism. They not only find some strong evidence for cultural stability across countries but also observe an erosion in this stability among millennials.

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Bell, Clive. The social profitability of rural roads in a small open economy: Do urban agglomeration economies matter? UNU-WIDER, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35188/unu-wider/2020/894-8.

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In the presence of agglomeration economies, the effects of a rural roads programme depend not only on the reduction in transportation costs, but also on the form of labour mobility. When financed by a poll tax on rural households, the wage will rise, accompanied by some return migration, provided both cross-price effects in production and consumption and agglomeration economies are sufficiently small. With empirically plausible elasticities of agglomeration economies, urban households may be worse off. A tax on exports provides a countervailing distortion, yielding them some relief, yet with rather small adverse effects on rural households. If mobility takes the form of rural–urban commuting, cheaper fares will promote the exploitation of agglomeration economies. An export tax may then improve urban welfare. Using the change in the value, at producer prices, of the rural sector’s net supply vector as the measure of the programme’s social profitability can yield serious errors.

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Trask, Michael. Ideal Minds. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752438.001.0001.

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Following the 1960s, the decade's focus on consciousness-raising transformed into an array of intellectual projects far afield of movement politics. The mind's powers came to preoccupy a range of thinkers and writers: ethicists pursuing contractual theories of justice, radical ecologists interested in the paleolithic brain, cultists, and the devout of both evangelical and New Age persuasions. This book presents a boldly revisionist argument about the revival of subjectivity in postmodern American culture, connecting familiar figures within the intellectual landscape of the 1970s who share a commitment to what the book calls “neo-idealism” as a weapon in the struggle against discredited materialist and behaviorist worldviews. In a heterodox intellectual and literary history of the 1970s, the book mixes ideas from cognitive science, philosophy of mind, moral philosophy, deep ecology, political theory, science fiction, neoclassical economics, and the sociology of religion. It also delves into the decade's more esoteric branches of learning, including Scientology, anarchist theory, rapture prophesies, psychic channeling, and neo-Malthusianism. Through this investigation, the book argues that a dramatic inflation in the value of consciousness and autonomy beginning in the 1970s accompanied a growing argument about the state's inability to safeguard such values. Ultimately, the thinkers who the book analyses found alternatives to statism in conditions that would lend intellectual support to the consolidation of these concepts in the radical free market ideologies of the 1980s.

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Loporcaro, Michele. Mass/countness and gender in Asturian. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199656547.003.0005.

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Having shown at the end of Chapter 4 that mass/count may be encoded in the gender system, this chapter analyses in depth one Romance variety where the interaction of the mass/count distinction with gender presents itself in a distinctly intricate way, viz. Central Asturian. This features a ‘neuter’ agreement that has been variously analysed as the exponent of a value of the morphosyntactic categories gender or number, or as manifesting the value of some other, purely semantic, category. Complementing the evidence with new data, the chapter concludes that the most economical analysis is one according to which the Asturian neuter is a gender value, but within a second gender system. In this, Asturian parallels a few far-off languages which, in recent studies in linguistic typology, have been argued to possess two concurrent systems for noun classification.

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Mangrum, Benjamin. Southern Comfort. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190909376.003.0005.

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Southern writers Walker Percy and Flannery O’Connor present the collusion of the American welfare state and a consumer economy as a source of existential alienation. This chapter considers their objections to the social-democratic institutions created during the New Deal era. Percy and O’Connor present versions of Christian existentialism as an alternative to bureaucratic politics. In addition to joining the concert of intellectual challenges to the legacy of reform established during the New Deal, their related responses represent the splintering of American existentialism in the 1960s. The political vocabulary of the New Left represents a competing faction of American politics informed by existentialism. These differing responses share a common valorization of private judgments of value. Both responses are related to another phenomenon, which political scientists call the rise of an “independence regime,” or partisan disaffiliation, in the American electorate.

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Linarelli, John, Margot E. Salomon und Muthucumaraswamy Sornarajah. In Lieu of a Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753957.003.0008.

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This chapter recaps the main themes of the volume, ie that the international law of the global economy is in a state of disorder. Claims about the justice, fairness, or benefits of the current state of international law as it relates to the global economy are fanciful. A more credible picture emerges when one considers who is protected, against what, and those relations that are valued and those that are not. Moreover, these claims above all require a suspension of a reflective attitude about what international law actually says and does. When it comes to international economic law, power is masked behind a veil of neutrality when it certainly is not neutral in the interests it protects and offends. As for international human rights law, it overlooks the ways in which it props up extreme capitalism foreclosing the possibility of transformative structural change to neoliberal capitalism. In its most radical areas, human rights norms have been blocked from making demands on the design of the global economy precisely because of their transformative potential. Among the central critiques of international law presented in this book is that international law must be justifiable to those who are subject to it.

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