Thematische Bibliographien / Drug screenings

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Drug screenings“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 25. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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O’Neil, Meghan M. „Drug Screenings in Practice“. Federal Sentencing Reporter 36, Nr. 4 (01.04.2024): 212–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fsr.2024.36.4.212.

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This research article will contextualize drug testing and conditions of supervision by analyzing eight original in-depth interview and survey narratives provided by persons are in treatment for substance use disorder. We identify a gap in the literature surrounding drug testing as part of community supervision. Specifically, the practice of drug testing from the perspective of the person ordered to test is not well documented. We consider how these experiences diverge from the intention of drug testing by supervising agencies as described in the prior scholarship. This cleavage between the expectations, experiences, and understanding of persons being tested relative to those of supervision agencies presents an avenue for the government to improve community relations, and specifically, improve trust among formerly incarcerated persons towards the supervision process, thereby increasing its legitimacy while enacting procedural justice. The persons under supervision describe broad criminal justice experiences and histories with illicit substances that resulted in drug screenings. The opinions from persons who use drugs towards drug testing and related conditions also vary and suggest evidence-based practices involving drug screening could be helpful to improve compliance with conditions and increase trust towards supervision agencies and courts. Opinions towards obligatory drug screens ranged from fear to one of gratitude. A common theme emerged: when drug tests were viewed as avoidable, respondents described changing their behavior to avoid testing—such as avoiding employers who may test for drug use; when screenings were understood as obligatory, like in the context of court ordered community-based addiction treatment, some respondents identified the broader context of the testing as helpful to their abstinence from drug use. Respondents described drug screenings as impacting their employment, economic well-being, and freedom—in particular, failed drug screens on community supervision, including drug court and other specialized supervision caseloads, could result in punitive action including incarceration and other adverse outcomes like job loss. The risk acknowledgement, however, of consequences of a failed drug screen, had not up to the point of our interview, resulted in long-term abstinence from substances for any of the respondents under community-based supervision.
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Liang, Qiying, Peng Ma, Qi Zhang, Youjie Yin, Ping Wang, Saifei Wang, Yao Zhang, Ruolei Han und Hansong Deng. „A gum Arabic assisted sustainable drug delivery system for adult Drosophila“. Biology Open 9, Nr. 6 (02.06.2020): bio052241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.052241.

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ABSTRACTLarge-scale compound screening in adult flies is hampered by the lack of continuous drug delivery systems and poor solubility of numerous compounds. Here we found that gum Arabic (Acacia/Senegal gum), a widely used stabilizer, can also emulsify lipophilic compounds and profoundly increase their accessibility to target tissues in Drosophila and mice. We further developed a gum Arabic-based drug delivery system, wherein the drug was ground into gum Arabic and emulsified in liquid food fed to flies by siphoning through a U-shape glass capillary. This system did not affect food intake nor cell viability. Since drugs were continuously delivered by siphoning, minimal compound waste and less frequent food changes make this system ideal for large-scale long-term screenings. In our pilot screening for antitumor drugs in the NCI DTP library, we used a Drosophila model of colorectal cancer and identified two drugs that are especially hydrophobic and were not identified in previous screenings. Our data demonstrated that gum Arabic facilitates drug delivery in animal models and the system is suitable for long-term high-throughput drug screening in Drosophila. This system would accelerate drug discovery for chronic and cognitive conditions.
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Popova, Anna A., Claire Depew, Katya Manuella Permana, Alexander Trubitsyn, Ravindra Peravali, Jorge Ángel González Ordiano, Markus Reischl und Pavel A. Levkin. „Evaluation of the Droplet-Microarray Platform for High-Throughput Screening of Suspension Cells“. SLAS TECHNOLOGY: Translating Life Sciences Innovation 22, Nr. 2 (15.11.2016): 163–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2211068216677204.

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Phenotypic cell-based high-throughput screenings play a central role in drug discovery and toxicology. The main tendency in cell screenings is the increase of the throughput and decrease of reaction volume in order to accelerate the experiments, reduce the costs, and enable screenings of rare cells. Conventionally, cell-based assays are performed in microtiter plates, which exist in 96- to 1536-wells formats and cannot be further miniaturized. In addition, performing screenings of suspension cells is associated with risk of losing cell content during the staining procedures and incompatibility with high-content microscopy. Here, we evaluate the Droplet-Microarray screening platform for culturing, screening, and imaging of suspension cells. We demonstrate pipetting-free cell seeding and proliferation of cells in individual droplets of 3–80 nL in volume. We developed a methodology to perform parallel treatment, staining, and fixation of suspension cells in individual droplets. Automated imaging of live suspension cells directly in the droplets combined with algorithms for pattern recognition for image analysis is demonstrated. We evaluated the developed methodology by performing a dose–response study with antineoplastic drugs. We believe that the DMA screening platform carries great potential to be adopted for broad spectrum of screenings of suspension cells.
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Vacchina, Paola, und Miguel A. Morales. „In VitroScreening Test Using Leishmania Promastigotes Stably Expressing mCherry Protein“. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 58, Nr. 3 (06.01.2014): 1825–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.02224-13.

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ABSTRACTTransgenicLeishmania majorandLeishmania donovaniaxenic promastigotes constitutively expressing mCherry were used forin vitroantileishmanial drug screening. This method requires minimal sample manipulation and can be easily adapted to automatic drug tests, allowing primary high-throughput screenings without the need for expensive and sophisticated instruments.
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Hann, Christina. „Random Drug Screenings: Nothing to Lose?“ American Pharmacy 27, Nr. 10 (Oktober 1987): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-3450(16)33340-2.

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Williams, Petal Petersen, Catherine Mathews, Esmé Jordaan, Yukiko Washio, Mishka Terplan und Charles DH Parry. „Validation of simple dichotomous self-report on prenatal alcohol and other drug use in women attending midwife obstetric units in the Cape Metropole, South Africa“. Clinical Ethics 15, Nr. 4 (31.05.2020): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750920928885.

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Background This paper examines the degree of agreement among simple dichotomous self-report, validated screening results, and biochemical screening results of prenatal alcohol and other drug use among pregnant women. Method Secondary analysis was conducted on a cohort of pregnant women 16 years or older, presenting for prenatal care in the greater Cape Town, South Africa. Dichotomous verbal screening is a standard of care, and pregnant patients reporting alcohol and other drug use in dichotomous verbal screenings were asked to engage in screening using the Alcohol Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and urinalysis. Results Significant agreements between dichotomous and ASSIST scores were observed (K = 0.73–0.76). A higher rate of self-reported (36.9%) alcohol use was detected, relative to urine screening (19.6%) with a predictive value of 34.9; while underreporting of illicit substance use was observed (3.6% self-report vs. 8.8% urine screening) with an overall predictive value of 50.0. Conclusion Dichotomous verbal screening was considered valid after comparison with the ASSIST; however, combined use with urine screenings can be recommended especially for identifying illicit substance use in order to accurately detect alcohol and other drug use in pregnancy, so that women can be identified and referred for appropriate interventions where needed.
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Nguemeni Tiako, Max Jordan, Abby Dolan, Matthew Abrams, Kehinde Oyekanmi, Zachary Meisel und Shoshana V. Aronowitz. „Thematic Analysis of State Medicaid Buprenorphine Prior Authorization Requirements“. JAMA Network Open 6, Nr. 6 (15.06.2023): e2318487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.18487.

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ImportancePrior authorization (PA) requirements for buprenorphine are associated with lower provision of the medication for the treatment of opioid use disorder (OUD). While Medicare plans have eliminated PA requirements for buprenorphine, many Medicaid plans continue to require them.ObjectiveTo describe and classify buprenorphine coverage requirements based on thematic analysis of state Medicaid PA forms.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis qualitative study used a thematic analysis of 50 states’ Medicaid PA forms for buprenorphine between November 2020 and March 2021. Forms were obtained from the jurisdiction’s Medicaid websites and assessed for features suggesting barriers to buprenorphine access. A coding tool was developed based on a review of a sample of forms, including fields for behavioral health treatment recommendations or mandates, drug screening requirements, and dosage limitations.Main Outcomes and MeasuresOutcomes included PA requirements for different buprenorphine formulations. Additionally, PA forms were evaluated for various criteria such as behavioral health, drug screenings, dose-related recommendations or mandates or patient education.ResultsAmong the total of 50 US states in the analysis, most states’ Medicaid plans required PA for at least 1 formulation of buprenorphine. However, the majority did not require a PA for buprenorphine-naloxone. Four key themes of coverage requirements were identified: restrictive surveillance (eg, requirements for urine drug screenings, random drug screenings, pill counts), behavioral health treatment recommendations or mandates (eg, mandatory counseling or 12-step meeting attendance), interfering with or restricting medical decision-making (eg, maximum daily dosages of 16 mg, requiring additional steps for dosages higher than 16 mg), and patient education (eg, information about adverse effects and interactions with other medications). Eleven states (22%) required urine drug screenings, 6 states (12%) required random urine drug screenings, and 4 states (8%) required pill counts. Fourteen states’ forms (28%) recommended therapy, and 7 (14%) required therapy, counseling, or participation in group sessions. Eighteen states (36%) specified dosage maximums; among them, 11 (22%) required additional steps for a daily dosage higher than 16 mg.ConclusionIn this qualitative study of state Medicaid PA requirements for buprenorphine, themes were identified that included patient surveillance with drug screenings and pill counts, behavioral health treatment recommendations or mandates, patient education, and dosing guidance. These results suggest that state Medicaid plans’ buprenorphine PA requirements for OUD are in conflict with existing evidence and may negatively affect states’ efforts to address the opioid overdose crisis.
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Salas-Sarduy, Emir, Gabriela T. Niemirowicz, Juan José Cazzulo und Vanina E. Alvarez. „Target-based Screening of the Chagas Box: Setting Up Enzymatic Assays to Discover Specific Inhibitors Across Bioactive Compounds“. Current Medicinal Chemistry 26, Nr. 36 (13.12.2019): 6672–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867326666190705160637.

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Chagas disease is a neglected tropical illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. The disease is endemic in Latin America with about 6 million people infected and many more being at risk. Only two drugs are available for treatment, Nifurtimox and Benznidazole, but they have a number of side effects and are not effective in all cases. This makes urgently necessary the development of new drugs, more efficient, less toxic and affordable to the poor people, who are most of the infected population. In this review we will summarize the current strategies used for drug discovery considering drug repositioning, phenotyping screenings and target-based approaches. In addition, we will describe in detail the considerations for setting up robust enzymatic assays aimed at identifying and validating small molecule inhibitors in high throughput screenings.
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Degliesposti, Gianluca, Corinne Portioli, Marco Daniele Parenti und Giulio Rastelli. „BEAR, a Novel Virtual Screening Methodology for Drug Discovery“. Journal of Biomolecular Screening 16, Nr. 1 (17.11.2010): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087057110388276.

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BEAR (binding estimation after refinement) is a new virtual screening technology based on the conformational refinement of docking poses through molecular dynamics and prediction of binding free energies using accurate scoring functions. Here, the authors report the results of an extensive benchmark of the BEAR performance in identifying a smaller subset of known inhibitors seeded in a large (1.5 million) database of compounds. BEAR performance proved strikingly better if compared with standard docking screening methods. The validations performed so far showed that BEAR is a reliable tool for drug discovery. It is fast, modular, and automated, and it can be applied to virtual screenings against any biological target with known structure and any database of compounds.
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Bintener, Tamara, Maria Pires Pacheco und Thomas Sauter. „Towards the routine use of in silico screenings for drug discovery using metabolic modelling“. Biochemical Society Transactions 48, Nr. 3 (05.05.2020): 955–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20190867.

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Currently, the development of new effective drugs for cancer therapy is not only hindered by development costs, drug efficacy, and drug safety but also by the rapid occurrence of drug resistance in cancer. Hence, new tools are needed to study the underlying mechanisms in cancer. Here, we discuss the current use of metabolic modelling approaches to identify cancer-specific metabolism and find possible new drug targets and drugs for repurposing. Furthermore, we list valuable resources that are needed for the reconstruction of cancer-specific models by integrating various available datasets with genome-scale metabolic reconstructions using model-building algorithms. We also discuss how new drug targets can be determined by using gene essentiality analysis, an in silico method to predict essential genes in a given condition such as cancer and how synthetic lethality studies could greatly benefit cancer patients by suggesting drug combinations with reduced side effects.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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Myers, Mason Thomas. „Combining Primary Specificity Screenings for Drug Discovery Targeting T-box Antiterminator RNA“. Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1619173211823351.

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Gorgulla, Christoph [Verfasser]. „Free Energy Methods Involving Quantum Physics, Path Integrals, and Virtual Screenings : Development, Implementation and Application in Drug Discovery / Christoph Gorgulla“. Berlin : Freie Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1159900655/34.

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Mavridis, Lazaros. „High throughput virtual drug screening using spherical harmonic molecular surface representations“. Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2009. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25936.

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Baker, Nicola Louise. „Screening for new natural drugs and drug resistance determinants in African trypanosomiasis“. Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.590629.

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Wolbers, Floor. „Apoptosis chip for drug screening“. Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/57881.

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Larson, Joeanna Lee. „Perinatal Drug Abuse Intervention: Policy Development for Drug Screening“. ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2555.

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Perinatal drug abuse is becoming a profound issue facing the health and wellbeing of neonates. The community serviced by the project site, which lies within the boundaries of an Indian Reservation, suffers from perinatal drug abuse at a higher rate than state and federal averages. The purpose of this project was to provide the project site with a policy to consistently screen for perinatal drug abuse. Lave's theory of situational learning and the Sanford Way model for quality improvement framed this project. To guide policy development, data were compiled through a systematic review of current literature, national and state guidelines, state law, local tribal government, and community stakeholders. Data included: (a) studies completed in the past 10 years specifically targeting drug abuse in child-bearing aged women, with intentional exclusion of tobacco and alcohol studies; (b) prevalence of illicit drug abuse in child bearing aged women at a local, state, and national levels; and (c) local, state, and national guidelines, as well as state law, for perinatal drug abuse intervention and screening. In addition, interviews and meetings with local stakeholders were completed and their feedback was incorporated into the development of the perinatal drug abuse screening and intervention policy. To evaluate policy effectiveness, it is proposed that perinatal drug screens ordered at the project site be monitored for six months prior to and after implementation of the new policy. The desired outcome will be that providers consistently intervene with perinatal drug abuse in a non-biased fashion. This quality improvement project will create a positive social change by allowing non-biased intervention with perinatal drug abuse using evidence-based practice and by promoting nursing-driven policy development.
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Guimaraes, A. „Screening molecular interactions for drug discovery“. Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1389941/.

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In biological systems, many proteins have specific binding sites for small-molecules or other proteins critical for their activity and function. Discovery of small-molecules that inhibit such protein interactions is useful in understanding and controlling protein function in disease. Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor and its C-terminal activation domain (CTAD) interacts with the CH1 domain of p300 forming a complex known to regulate many genes. Spectral variants of green fluorescent protein were fused to the CTAD and CH1 to monitor the interaction between these proteins. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between these two chromophores occurred when the complex formed. A homogeneous screening assay was then developed for small-molecules with potential to inhibit the formation of the CTAD-CH1 complex. As part of the assay validation, some new small-molecule inhibitors previously tested by an alternative heterogeneous assay were found to inhibit within the same 100-500 μM concentration range. The new homogenous assay has promising potential for high-throughput screening of large chemical libraries. Novobiocin, a member of the aminocoumarin family can act as an antibacterial or anticancer agent. The clinical use of this class of antibiotics has been limited due to their low water solubility, low activity against gram-negative bacteria, and toxicity against cancer. Glycosyltransferases have been established as important tools in new drug development and are used here to improve water solubility and cell uptake. Glycosylation can be achieved enzymatically or chemically. A mass spectrometry based high-throughput screening (HTS) method was developed and used to find novel glycosylated aminocoumarins generated using a panel of glycosyltransferases and native/non-native sugar donors. The novobiocin derivatives were also re-synthesized chemically. The MIC for novobiocin in a DNA gyrase assay was 1 μM, and the derivatives showed similar MICs. However against a panel of human cancer cell lines these derivatives showed more than twice the activity.
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Li, Yifan. „Optimal pool size for pooled drug screening“. Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104708.

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Pooled drug design is an important approach in modern, high-throughput pharmacology, in which a large library of compounds is scanned using automated means, in order to find drug combinations that are active against a given target. In order to minimize costs, it is important to decide on the pool size, i.e., the number of compounds which will be tested together. In this paper, we analyze the expected number of trials necessary to determine a winning combination, under the assumption that the compound library may also contain blockers, which will obscure the effect of a drug combination if present in the same pool. We establish formulas for the optimal pool size and show that, surprisingly, it is not affected by the amount of measurement noise. Finally, we present a Bayesian approach that can be used when the number of blockers is unknown. An important result is that using pool sizes greater than the number of desired targets is beneficial, for a large range of possible numbers of blockers.
Nous addressons le problème de la determination des groupes de substances chimiques pour obtenir des nouveaux traitements. Le but est d'automatiser l'analyse des librairies des larges librairies chimiques et pharmacologiques. L'hypothese de base est qu'il y a un groupe de substances qui ont un effect positif sur une certaine maladie, mais on doit l'identifier par l'analyse d'un très large groupe de substances. Dans ce groupe, il y a aussi des substances qui peuvent masquer l'effet désirable. Nous proposons une formule pour calculer le nombre optimal de substances qu'on devrait tester à la meme fois. La conclusion surprenante est que ce nombre ne depend pas des erreures qu'on fait dans les mesurements. Nous etablissons aussi le nombre de combinaisons qu'on devrait tester pour identifier le groupe desiré. Nouspresentons aussi une approche Bayesienne qu'on peut utiliser quand le nombre des substances bloquant l'effect desiré n'est pas connu.
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Pagnotta, Giorgia <1995&gt. „3D bioprinted organ models for drug screening“. Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10326/1/Pagnotta_Giorgia_tesi.pdf.

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In recent years, 3D bioprinting has emerged as an innovative and versatile technology able to produce in vitro models that resemble the native spatial organization of organ tissues, by employing or more bioinks composed of various types of cells suspended in hydrogels. Natural and semi-synthetic hydrogels are extensively used for 3D bioprinting models since they can mimic the natural composition of the tissues, they are biocompatible and bioactive with customizable mechanical properties, allowing to support cell growth. The possibility to tailor hydrogels mechanical properties by modifying the chemical structures to obtain photo-crosslinkable materials, while maintaining their biocompatibility and biomimicry, make their use versatile and suitable to simulate a broad spectrum of physiological features. In this PhD Thesis, 3D bioprinted in vitro models with tailored mechanical properties and physiologically-like features were fabricated. AlgMa-based bioinks were employed to produce a living platform with gradient stiffness, with the aim to create an easy to handle and accessible biological tool to evaluate mechanobiology. In addition, GelMa, collagen and IPN of GelMa and collagen were used as bioinks to fabricate a proof-of-concept of 3D intestinal barrier, which include multiple cell components and multi-layered structure. A useful rheological guide to drive users to the selection of the suitable bioinks for 3D bioprinting and to correlate the model’s mechanical stability after crosslinking is proposed. In conclusion, a platform capable to reproduce models with physiological gradient stiffness was developed and the fabrication of 3D bioprinted intestinal models displaying a good hierarchical structure and cells composition was fully reported and successfully achieved. The good biological results obtained demonstrated that 3D bioprinting can be used for the fabrications of 3D models and that the mechanical properties of the external environment plays a key role on the cell pathways, viability and morphology.
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Psaroudakis, G. „Virtual screening in drug design and model evaluation“. Thesis, University of Essex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.422234.

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Bücher zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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Taha, Mutasem Omar. Virtual screening. Croatia: Intech, 2012.

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1947-, Seethala Ramakrishna, und Fernandes P. B, Hrsg. Handbook of drug screening. New York: Marcel Dekker, 2001.

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National Institute on Drug Abuse., Hrsg. Employee drug screening: Detection of drug use by urinalysis. Rockville, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, National Institute on Drug Abuse, 1986.

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1952-, Teicher Beverly A., und Andrews Paul A, Hrsg. Anticancer drug development guide: Preclinical screening, clinical trials, and approval. 2. Aufl. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2004.

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Jörg, Hüser, Hrsg. High-throughput screening in drug discovery. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2006.

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Thompson, Emmanuel B. Drug bioscreening: Drug evaluation techniques in pharmacology. New York: VCH, 1990.

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Hans-Joachim, Böhm, und Schneider Gisbert 1965-, Hrsg. Virtual screening for bioactive molecules. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2000.

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Drug bioscreening: Fundamentals of drug evaluation techniques in pharmacology. Flushing, N.Y: Graceway Pub. Co., 1985.

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W, Erhardt P., und International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry., Hrsg. Drug metabolism: Databases and high-throughput testing during drug design and development. Oxford: Blackwell Science, 1999.

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G, Welling Peter, Lasagna Louis 1923- und Banakar Umesh V. 1956-, Hrsg. The drug development process. New York: M. Dekker, 1996.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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Jung, Matthias, Juliane-Susanne Jung, Jovita Schiller und Insa S. Schroeder. „Disease-Specific Stem Cell Models for Toxicological Screenings and Drug Development“. In Stem Cells in Toxicology and Medicine, 122–44. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119135449.ch7.

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Barh, Debmalya, Shoaib Ahmad und Atanu Bhattacharjee. „In Silico and Ultrahigh-Throughput Screenings (uHTS) in Drug Discovery: An Overview“. In Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 451–90. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527632909.ch18.

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Mohty, Razan, und Arafat Tfayli. „General Oncology Care in Lebanon“. In Cancer in the Arab World, 115–32. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7945-2_8.

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AbstractLebanon is a relatively small country located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It includes one of the most developed healthcare systems and world-renowned healthcare workers in the region. Cancer cases are steadily increasing in Lebanon reaching 11,589 new cases in 2020. Preventions and screenings programs are conducted to decrease cancer incidence and aim for early cancer detection. Cancer treatment is provided in public and private hospitals and financial coverage is assured through the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) and third-party payers. All Lebanese cancer patients have access to treatment through universal cancer drug coverage by the MOPH. Recently, economic, financial, and political constraints have increased the burden on the healthcare system. Further improvements are needed to keep the healthcare system resilient enough to face these difficulties.
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Cummins, David Jesse. „Pharmaceutical Drug Discovery: Designing the Blockbuster Drug“. In Screening, 69–114. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28014-6_4.

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Macolino-Kane, Christine M., John R. Ciallella, Christopher A. Lipinski und Andrew G. Reaume. „Phenotypic Screening“. In Drug Repositioning, 121–45. Boca Raton: CRC Press, [2017] | Series: Frontiers in Neurotherapeutics series: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315373669-7.

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Hughes-Oliver, Jacqueline M. „Pooling Experiments for Blood Screening and Drug Discovery“. In Screening, 48–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-28014-6_3.

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Duong, Huynh P., Warunee Dansithong, Daniel R. Scoles und Stefan M. Pulst. „Advanced Gene-Targeting Methods to Generate Cell Line Models that Preserve Native Regulatory Elements for Efficient High-Throughput Drug Screenings“. In 6th International Conference on the Development of Biomedical Engineering in Vietnam (BME6), 643–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-4361-1_110.

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Santos Nascimento, Igor José dos, und Ricardo Olimpio de Moura. „Ligand and Structure-Based Drug Design (LBDD and SBDD): Promising Approaches to Discover New Drugs“. In Applied Computer-Aided Drug Design: Models and Methods, 1–32. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815179934123010003.

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The drug discovery and development process are challenging and have undergone many changes over the last few years. Academic researchers and pharmaceutical companies invest thousands of dollars a year to search for drugs capable of improving and increasing people's life quality. This is an expensive, time-consuming, and multifaceted process requiring the integration of several fields of knowledge. For many years, the search for new drugs was focused on Target-Based Drug Design methods, identifying natural compounds or through empirical synthesis. However, with the improvement of molecular modeling techniques and the growth of computer science, Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) emerges as a promising alternative. Since the 1970s, its main approaches, Structure-Based Drug Design (SBDD) and Ligand-Based Drug Design (LBDD), have been responsible for discovering and designing several revolutionary drugs and promising lead and hit compounds. Based on this information, it is clear that these methods are essential in drug design campaigns. Finally, this chapter will explore approaches used in drug design, from the past to the present, from classical methods such as bioisosterism, molecular simplification, and hybridization, to computational methods such as docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and virtual screenings, and how these methods have been vital to the identification and design of promising drugs or compounds. Finally, we hope that this chapter guides researchers worldwide in rational drug design methods in which readers will learn about approaches and choose the one that best fits their research.
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„Drug Repositioning Using Genome-wide Screening and Systems Biology Approaches and Applications“. In Cheminformatics and Bioinformatics at the Interface with Systems Biology, 31–51. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781839166037-00031.

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De novo drug discovery involves high financial expenditure, poor success rates, and extended trial periods in today’s world. Through reassessing biological objectives and action mechanisms for licensed medications, drug repositioning offers a viable solution to these problems. When high-throughput techniques are combined with genome-wide screenings, network study, genome-wide metabolic modeling, and machine learning-based approaches, novel drug–target signatures can be proposed, in addition to previously unknown mechanisms of action for existing medications. This chapter explores current medication repositioning difficulties using maintained high-performance multi-omics datasets and genome-based scanning methods, and, most importantly, their implementation in systems biology/medicine.
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„Screening for Drugs“. In Quick Reference Guide to Pediatric Care, 1246–49. American Academy of Pediatrics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/9781581106220-part01-screening-drug.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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Distinto, Simona, und Elias Maccioni. „In Silico Approaches for Drug Discovery Focus on Virtual Screenings“. In Sinteza 2022. Beograd, Serbia: Singidunum University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15308/sinteza-2022-360-364.

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Bramante, Simona, Vilja Pietiäinen, Lassi Paavolainen, Annukka Pasanen, Netta Mäkinen, Hanna-Riikka Heinonen, Pirjo Ikonen et al. „Abstract 1159: Development of uterine leiomyoma 3D in vitro models for high-throughput drug and chemical compound screenings: Towards personalized medicine“. In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2018; April 14-18, 2018; Chicago, IL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-1159.

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Dereli-Korkut, Zeynep, und Sihong Wang. „Microfluidic Cell Arrays to Mimic 3D Tissue Microenvironment“. In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80411.

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We developed a functional high throughput 3D microfluidic living cell array (MLC) for anti-cancer drug screening and mechanism discovery. Contemporary drug screening methods suffer from low sample throughput and lack of abilities of mimicking the 3D microenvironment of mammalian tissues. The poor performance of anti-cancer drugs limits the efficacy at controlling the complex disease system like cancer. Systematic studies of apoptotic signaling pathways can be prominent approaches for searching active and effective treatments with less drug resistance. Hence, innovative bio-devices are needed to represent tumor microenvironment to understand the molecular signatures of apoptosis for testing new anticancer therapies targeting apoptosis. Our novel 3D MLC design is the prototype of a high-throughput drug screening platform targeting apoptotic signaling pathways.
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Ma, Liang, Jeremy Barker, Changchun Zhou, Biaoyang Lin und Wei Li. „A Perfused Two-Chamber System for Anticancer Drug Screening“. In ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34326.

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A cell culture microfluidic device has been developed to test the cytotoxicity of anticancer drugs while reproducing multi-organ interactions in vitro. Cells were cultured in separate chambers representing the liver and tumor. The two chambers were connected through a channel to mimick the blood flow. Glioblastoma (GBM) cancer cells (M059K) and hepatoma cells (HepG2) were cultured in the tumor and the liver chambers, respectively. The cytotoxic effect of cancer treatment drug Temolozomide (TMZ) was tested using this two chamber system. The experimental results showed that with the liver cells, the cancer cells showed much higher viability than those without the liver cells. This indicates that the liver metabolism has strong effect on the toxicity of the anticancer drug. The results demonstrated that the perfused two chamber cell culture system has the potential to be used as a platform for drug screening in a more physiologically realistic environment.
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George, Subin M., und Hyejin Moon. „Digital Microfluidic Platform for 3-D Tissue Based High Throughput Screening“. In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53995.

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Pharmaceutical drug development requires exhaustive testing of potential drugs in before animal and human clinical trials. Only one in ten drugs entering clinical trials receive the final approval. Most drugs fail in later stages due to lack of efficacy or toxicity which are discovered later on, after having cleared in vitro trials [1]. This highlights the need for improved laboratory testing methods to screen out failure candidates. It should be noted that 3-dimensional (3D) tissue constructs provide a better environment to mimic physiological processes as compared to conventional 2-dimensional (2D) cell based testing systems [2]
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Favreau, Peter, Cheri Pasch, Dustin Deming und Melissa Skala. „Autofluorescence metabolic drug screening in colorectal cancer spheroids“. In Optical Molecular Probes, Imaging and Drug Delivery. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/omp.2017.oms2d.4.

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Chen, Ying-Ting, Ren-Guei Wu, Chung-Shi Yang und Fan-Gang Tseng. „Cocktail drug delivery chip for cancer drug screening“. In TRANSDUCERS 2015 - 2015 18th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2015.7181028.

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Fukunishi, Yoshifumi, Theodore E. Simos und George Maroulis. „Structure-based Drug Screening and Ligand-Based Drug Screening Toward Protein-Compound Network“. In COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING: Theory and Computation: Old Problems and New Challenges. Lectures Presented at the International Conference on Computational Methods in Science and Engineering 2007 (ICCMSE 2007): VOLUME 1. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2836070.

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Hagan, Daniel M., und Martin T. Hagan. „Virtual drug screening using neural networks“. In 2016 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2016.7727252.

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Kannam, Sridhar K., Matthew T. Downton, Natalie Gunn, Sung Cheol Kim, Priscilla R. Rogers, Christine Schieber, Julia S. Baldauf et al. „Nanosensors for next generation drug screening“. In SPIE Micro+Nano Materials, Devices, and Applications, herausgegeben von James Friend und H. Hoe Tan. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2033737.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Drug screenings"

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McNeany, Karen I. USER S GUIDE FOR THE RANDOM DRUG SCREENING SYSTEM. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1154773.

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Ager, Arba L., und Jr. Screening and Evaluation of Experimental Antiparasitic Drugs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Juni 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada240647.

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Yang, In H. Novel High-Throughput Drug Screening Platform for Chemotherapy-Induced Axonal Neuropathy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613177.

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Yang, In H. Novel High-Throughput Drug Screening Platform for Chemotherapy-Induced Axonal Neuropathy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Mai 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581346.

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Johnson, Corey, Colton James, Sarah Traughber und Charles Walker. Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Implications in Neostigmine versus Sugammadex. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Juli 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0005.

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Purpose/Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a frequent complaint in the postoperative period, which can delay discharge, result in readmission, and increase cost for patients and facilities. Inducing paralysis is common in anesthesia, as is utilizing the drugs neostigmine and sugammadex as reversal agents for non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers. Many studies are available that compare these two drugs to determine if neostigmine increases the risk of PONV over sugammadex. Sugammadex has a more favorable pharmacologic profile and may improve patient outcomes by reducing PONV. Methods: This review included screening a total of 39 studies and peer-reviewed articles that looked at patients undergoing general anesthesia who received non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers requiring either neostigmine or sugammadex for reversal, along with their respective PONV rates. 8 articles were included, while 31 articles were removed based on our exclusion criteria. These were published between 2014 and 2020 exclusively. The key words used were “neostigmine”, “sugammadex”, “PONV”, along with combinations “paralytic reversal agents and PONV”. This search was performed on the scholarly database MEDLINE. The data items were PONV rates in neostigmine group, PONV rates in sugammadex group, incidence of postoperative analgesic consumption in neostigmine group, and incidence of postoperative analgesic consumption in sugammadex group. Results: Despite numerical differences being noted in the incidence of PONV with sugammadex over reversal with neostigmine, there did not appear to be any statistically significant data in the multiple peer-reviewed trials included in our review, for not one of the 8 studies concluded that there was a higher incidence of PONV in one drug or the other of an y clinical relevance. Although the side-effect profile tended to be better in the sugammadex group than neostigmine in areas other than PONV, there was not sufficient evidence to conclude that one drug was superior to the other in causing a direct reduction of PONV. Implications for Nursing Practice: There were variable but slight differences noted between both drug groups in PONV rates, but it remained that none of the studies determined it was statically significant or clinically conclusive. This review did, however, note other advantages to sugammadex over neostigmine, including its pharmacologic profile of more efficiently reversing non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs and its more favorable pharmacokinetics. This lack of statistically significant evidence found within these studies consequentially does not support pharmacologic decision-making of one drug in favor of the other for reducing PONV; therefore, PONV alone is not a sufficient rationale for a provider to justify using one reversal over another at the current time until further research proves otherwise.
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Ager Jr, Arba L. The Screening and Evaluation of Experimental Antiparasitic Drugs. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada238551.

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Bisoffi, Marco. Curcumin Based Drug Screening for Inhibitors of NF kappa B in a Cell Model of Prostate Cancer Progression. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, Februar 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada482629.

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Turpin, James A. Drug Development and Convervation of Biodiversity in West and Central Africa/in Vitro Antiviral Screening of Plant Extracts and Isolates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada383151.

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Peter W. Carr, K.M. Fuller, D.R. Stoll, L.D. Steinkraus, M.S. Pasha und Glenn G. Hardin. Fast Gradient Elution Reversed-Phase HPLC with Diode-Array Detection as a High Throughput Screening Method for Drugs of Abuse. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/892807.

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Lehotay, Steven J., und Aviv Amirav. Ultra-Fast Methods and Instrumentation for the Analysis of Hazardous Chemicals in the Food Supply. United States Department of Agriculture, Dezember 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7699852.bard.

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Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop ultra-fast methods and instrumentation for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to veterinary drugs and other contaminants, and conduct fast and ultra-fast analyses using novel 5MB-MS instrumentation, ideally with real samples. Background to the topic: The international trade of agricultural food products is a $1.2 trill ion annual market and growing. Food safety is essential to human health, and chemical residue limits are legislated nationally and internationally. Analytical testing for residues is needed to conduct risk assessments and regulatory enforcement actions to ensure food safety and environmental health, among other important needs. Current monitoring methods are better than ever, but they are still too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive to meet the broad food testing needs of consumers, government, and industry. As a result, costs are high and only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. We need affordable, ultra-fast methods that attain high quality results for a wide range of chemicals. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: This is the third BARD grant shared between Prof. Amirav and Dr. Lehotay since 2000, and continual analytical improvements have been made in terms of speed, sample throughput, chemical scope, ease-of-use, and quality of results with respect to qualitative (screening and identification) and quantitative factors. The QuEChERS sample preparation approach, which was developed in conjunction with the BARD grant in 2002, has grown to currently become the most common pesticide residue method in the world. BARD funding has been instrumental to help Dr. Lehotay make refinements and expand QuEChERS concepts to additional applications, which has led to the commercialization of QuEChERS products by more than 20 companies worldwide. During the past 3 years, QuEChERS has been applied to multiclass, multiresidue analysis of veterinary drug residues in food animals, and it has been validated and implemented by USDA-FSIS. QuEChERS was also modified and validated for faster, easier, and better analysis of traditional and emerging environmental contaminants in food. Meanwhile, Prof. Amirav has commercialized the GC-MS with 5MB technology and other independent inventions, including the ChromatoProbe with Agilent, Bruker, and FUR Systems. A new method was developed for obtaining truly universal pesticide analysis, based on the use of GC-MS with 5MB. This method and instrument enables faster analysis with lower LaDs for extended range of pesticides and hazardous compounds. A new approach and device of Open Probe Fast GC-MS with 5MB was also developed that enable real time screening of limited number of target pesticides. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LaD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope. and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade. and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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