Zeitschriftenartikel: „Dole effect“

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Hoffmann, Georg, Matthias Cuntz, Christine Weber, Philippe Ciais, Pierre Friedlingstein, Martin Heimann, Jean Jouzel et al. „A model of the Earth's Dole effect“. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 18, Nr. 1 (16.01.2004): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2003gb002059.

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Žukovec Topalović, Dijana, Lada Živković, Andrea Čabarkapa, Ninoslav Djelić, Vladan Bajić, Dragana Dekanski und Biljana Spremo-Potparević. „Dry Olive Leaf Extract Counteracts L-Thyroxine-Induced Genotoxicity in Human Peripheral Blood LeukocytesIn Vitro“. Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/762192.

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The thyroid hormones change the rate of basal metabolism, modulating the consumption of oxygen and causing production of reactive oxygen species, which leads to the development of oxidative stress and DNA strand breaks. Olive (Olea europaeaL.) leaf contains many potentially bioactive compounds, making it one of the most potent natural antioxidants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotoxicity of L-thyroxine and to investigate antioxidative and antigenotoxic potential of the standardized oleuropein-rich dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) against hydrogen peroxide and L-thyroxine-induced DNA damage in human peripheral blood leukocytes by using the comet assay. Various concentrations of the extract were tested with both DNA damage inducers, under two different experimental conditions, pretreatment and posttreatment. Results indicate that L-thyroxine exhibited genotoxic effect and that DOLE displayed protective effect against thyroxine-induced genotoxicity. The number of cells with DNA damage, was significantly reduced, in both pretreated and posttreated samples (P< 0.05). Comparing the beneficial effect of all tested concentrations of DOLE, in both experimental protocols, it appears that extract was more effective in reducing DNA damage in the pretreatment, exhibiting protective role against L-thyroxine effect. This feature of DOLE can be explained by its capacity to act as potent free radical scavenger.

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Goenka, Shilpi, und Sanford R. Simon. „A Novel Pro-Melanogenic Effect of Standardized Dry Olive Leaf Extract on Primary Human Melanocytes from Lightly Pigmented and Moderately Pigmented Skin“. Pharmaceuticals 14, Nr. 3 (11.03.2021): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14030252.

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Benolea® (EFLA®943) is a standardized dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) considered safe for food consumption and has demonstrated superior pharmaceutical benefits such as antioxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-hypertensive activities. However, there is no study on its effects on melanogenesis yet. Disruption in the sequence of steps in melanogenesis can lead to hypopigmentary disorders which occur due to reduced production or export of pigment melanin in the skin. There is a need for safe and nontoxic therapeutics for the treatment of hypopigmentation disorders. Herein, we studied the effects of DOLE over a concentration range of 10–200 µg/mL on melanin synthesis and melanin secretion in B16F10 mouse melanoma cells and MNT-1 human melanoma cells and validated our results in primary human melanocytes (obtained from lightly pigmented (LP) and moderately pigmented (MP) cells) as well as their cocultures with keratinocytes. The capacity of melanocytes to export melanosomes was also estimated indirectly by the quantitation of melanocyte dendrite lengths and numbers. Our results show that DOLE significantly enhanced levels of extracellular melanin in the absence of effects on intracellular melanin, demonstrating that this plant extract’s pro-melanogenic activity is primarily based on its capacity to augment melanin secretion and stimulate melanocyte dendricity. In summary, our preliminary results demonstrate that DOLE may hold promise as a pro-pigmenting agent for vitiligo therapy and gray hair treatment by its exclusive and novel mechanism of functioning as a dendrite elongator. Further studies to elucidate the mechanisms of action of the pro-melanogenic activity and effects of DOLE on melanosome export as well as the last steps of melanogenesis are warranted.

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Angert, A., J. Muhr, R. Negron Juarez, W. Alegria Muñoz, G. Kraemer, J. Ramirez Santillan, J. Q. Chambers und S. E. Trumbore. „The contribution of respiration in tree-stems to the Dole Effect“. Biogeosciences Discussions 9, Nr. 1 (24.01.2012): 1097–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-1097-2012.

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Abstract. Understanding the variability and the current value of the Dole Effect, which has been used to infer past changes in biospheric productivity, requires accurate information on the discrimination associated with respiratory oxygen consumption in each of the biosphere components. Respiration in tree stems is an important component of the land carbon cycle. Here we measured, for the first time, the discrimination associated with tree stem oxygen uptake. The measurements included tropical forest trees, which are major contributors to the global fluxes of carbon and oxygen. We found discrimination in the range of 12.6–21.5 ‰, indicating both diffusion limitation, resulting in O2 discrimination values below 20 ‰, and alternative oxidase respiration, which resulted in discrimination values greater than 20 ‰. Discrimination varied seasonally, between and within tree species. Calculations based on these results show that variability in woody plants discrimination can result in significant variations in the global Dole Effect.

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Angert, A., J. Muhr, R. Negron Juarez, W. Alegria Muñoz, G. Kraemer, J. Ramirez Santillan, J. Q. Chambers und S. E. Trumbore. „The contribution of respiration in tree stems to the Dole Effect“. Biogeosciences 9, Nr. 10 (22.10.2012): 4037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4037-2012.

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Abstract. Understanding the variability and the current value of the Dole Effect, which has been used to infer past changes in biospheric productivity, requires accurate information on the isotopic discrimination associated with respiratory oxygen consumption in each of the biosphere components. Respiration in tree stems is an important component of the land carbon cycle. Here we measured, for the first time, the discrimination associated with tree stem oxygen uptake. The measurements included tropical forest trees, which are major contributors to the global fluxes of carbon and oxygen. We found discrimination in the range of 12.6–21.5‰, indicating both diffusion limitation, resulting in O2 discrimination values below 20‰, and alternative oxidase respiration, which resulted in discrimination values greater than 20‰. Discrimination varied seasonally, between and within tree species. Calculations based on these results show that variability in woody plants discrimination can result in significant variations in the global Dole Effect.

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Malaizé, B., D. Paillard, J. Jouzel und D. Raynaud. „The Dole effect over the last two glacial-interglacial cycles“. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 104, Nr. D12 (01.06.1999): 14199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999jd900116.

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7

Famiglietti, Michela, Alessandro Savastano, Rosa Gaglione, Angela Arciello, Daniele Naviglio und Loredana Mariniello. „Edible Films Made of Dried Olive Leaf Extract and Chitosan: Characterization and Applications“. Foods 11, Nr. 14 (13.07.2022): 2078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11142078.

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Nowadays a possible strategy in food preservation consists of the use of active and functional packaging to improve safety and ensure a longer shelf life of food products. Many studies refer to chitosan-based films because of the already-known chitosan (CH) antibacterial and antifungal activity. In this work, we developed CH-based films containing Dried Olive Leaf Extract (DOLE) obtained by Naviglio extractor, with the aim to investigate the polyphenols yield and the antioxidant activity of this extract entrapped in CH-based-edible films. Olive tree cultivation produces a huge amount of byproducts that are usually simply burned. Phenolic compounds are already studied for their beneficial effects on human health. Some studies reported that phenols isolated from olive leaves have been shown to inhibit the growth of different strains of microorganisms. Thus, the antimicrobial effect of DOLE-containing films against bacterial strains (Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium ATCC® 14028, Salmonella enteritidis RIVM 706, and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC® 29212) was tested in vitro. The DOLE component of the films is effective in inhibiting all the bacteria tested in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, it was demonstrated that these edible films can act as active bioplastics when used to wrap hamburgers in substitution for baking paper, which is normally used.

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Huang, Enqing, Pinxian Wang, Yue Wang, Mi Yan, Jun Tian, Shihan Li und Wentao Ma. „Dole effect as a measurement of the low-latitude hydrological cycle over the past 800 ka“. Science Advances 6, Nr. 41 (Oktober 2020): eaba4823. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba4823.

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The quest of geological proxies to evaluate low-latitude hydrological changes at a planetary scale remains an ongoing issue. The Dole effect is such a potential proxy owing to its global character. We propose a new approach to recalculate the fluctuation of the Dole effect (∆DE*) over the past 800 thousand years (ka). The ∆DE* calculated this way is dominated by precession cycles alone, with lesser variance in the obliquity bands and almost no variance in the eccentricity bands. Moreover, the ∆DE* is notably correlated with Chinese stalagmite δ18O record over the past 640 ka; simulated terrestrial rainfall changes between 30°N and 30°S over the past 300 ka. Our findings highlight the predominant role of the low-latitude hydroclimate in governing the ∆DE* on orbital time scales, while high-latitude climate impacts are negligible. In turn, we argue that the ∆DE* can be used to indicate low-latitude hydrological changes at a global extent.

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Nevile, J. W. „Employment Outcomes of Work for the Dole: An Analysis of the DEWRSB Net Impact Report“. Economic and Labour Relations Review 14, Nr. 1 (Juni 2003): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103530460301400110.

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Since the data necessary to make a formal quantitative analysis of Work for the Dole employment outcomes is not available to researchers who are independent of Commonwealth Government Departments, this article examines the (then) Department of Employment, Workplace Relations and Small Business (DEWRSB) net impact report, finding in it a number of weaknesses. The combined effect of these is to inflate the estimated value for net impact but a corrected estimate is still higher than many consider likely. Any figure for the net impact estimate of an Australian labour market program can only be a broad indicator. This article argues that in the case of Work for the Dole the net impact is definitely positive and by more than a trivial amount.

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Leydesdorff, Loet, und Martin Meyer. „The decline of university patenting and the end of the Bayh–Dole effect“. Scientometrics 83, Nr. 2 (10.06.2009): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0001-6.

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Angert, Alon, Mirco Rodeghiero und Kevin Griffin. „High alternative oxidase activity in cold soils and its implication to the Dole Effect“. Geophysical Research Letters 39, Nr. 16 (28.08.2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012gl052719.

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Puhani, Patrick A. „Poland on the dole: The effect of reducing the unemployment benefit entitlement period during transition“. Journal of Population Economics 13, Nr. 1 (09.03.2000): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001480050121.

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Mattei, Franco, und Herbert F. Weisberg. „Presidential Succession Effects in Voting“. British Journal of Political Science 24, Nr. 4 (Oktober 1994): 495–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400006979.

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Attitudes towards a departing administration can help shape attitudes towards candidates, especially when the incumbent vice-president is one of the candidates. This succession effect was apparent in the 1988 presidential election, when Vice-President Bush benefited from the enduring popularity of retiring President Reagan. This article develops a model in which succession effects, the net candidate score and party identification affect the general election vote. Analysis shows that this effect remains when controls are instituted for retrospective voting more generally. Attitudes towards Reagan also had an indirect impact by affecting the net Bush-Dukakis candidate score; altogether the estimated impact of the Reagan effect in 1988 was to turn the vice-president's predicted loss into his observed victory. Additionally, a succession effect was detected in the 1988 nominating campaign, with Bush's popularity over Dole benefiting from reactions to the Reagan administration. There is evidence of succession effects in other presidential elections, particularly a Johnson effect in 1968.

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Shane, Scott. „Encouraging university entrepreneurship? The effect of the Bayh-Dole Act on university patenting in the United States“. Journal of Business Venturing 19, Nr. 1 (Januar 2004): 127–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0883-9026(02)00114-3.

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Zakrzewski, J. „Response of pine hypocotyl sections to growth regulators and related substances“. Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 44, Nr. 1 (2015): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1975.012.

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Growth response of <i>Pinus silvestris</i> hypocotyl sections to some synthetic growth regulators and related substances was studied. Elongation of hypocotyl sections was stimulated by naphtaleneacetic acid, indole-3-acetic acid, in-dole-3-propionic acid, indole-3-butyric acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, indoleaoetic amide, indoleacetic nitrile and coumarin. Indole-3-acetic acid and naphtaleneacetic acid extended period of growth up to 16 and 24 hours, respectively. Growth was inhibited by kinetin, trans-cinnamic acid and 2,3,5-tri-iodobenzoic acid. No effect of gibberellic acid, tryptophan and biotin was observed.

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Ortolani, S., F. Tamburini und A. Bianchini. „Polarimetric & Spectropolarimetric Properties of FGK Type Stars and Extrasolar Systems“. Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s007418090019299x.

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The study of extra solar planets represents a new exciting frontier for modern astronomy. Most of the results on extrasolar systems are obtained with Doppler surveys. Here we suggest a different approach aimed to study the polarimetric properties of the residual interplanetary dust. Dust can produce observable effects such as infrared emission excess (Beckwith & Sargent 1996; Spangler et al. 2001) and partial polarization of the star light via scattering (Mauron & Dole 1998; Yudin 2000), like in β Pictoris (Voshchinnikov & Krügel 1999). Some polarization could also be produced by a giant planet in a close orbit around the star (Saeger et al. 2000), but the resulting effect is too weak to be responsible for the polarizations actually observed.

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Bender, Michael, Todd Sowers und Laurent Labeyrie. „The Dole Effect and its variations during the last 130,000 years as measured in the Vostok Ice Core“. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 8, Nr. 3 (September 1994): 363–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94gb00724.

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Wong, Chan-Yuan, und Marsiti Md Salmin. „Attaining a productive structure for technology: The Bayh–Dole effect on university–industry–government relations in developing economy“. Science and Public Policy 43, Nr. 1 (11.05.2015): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scipol/scv018.

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Sharma, Arun Kumar, Meenakshi Saxena und Rashmi Sharma. „Surface Active Properties and Micellar Features of Copper Soaps Derived from Various Edible Oils“. Open Chemistry Journal 5, Nr. 1 (30.11.2018): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874842201805010119.

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Introduction:The molar volume, viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of copper surfactant derived from various edible oils in methanol -benzene solvent have been determined at a constant temperature 303 K.Methods / Results:The results were used to calculate (CMC), soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecule on various parameters.The conclusions with regard to soap-soap and soap- methanol -benzene interaction have been discussed in terms of well-known Moulik’s and Jones- Dole equations. The effect of surfactant concentration on viscosity of the solution in solvent mixture has been discussed.Conclusion:The observations suggested that the structure breaking effect by the solute on the solvent molecules is more prominent above CMC as compared to below CMC after the formation of the micelles. The vital information plays an important role in various industrial process as well as biological applications.

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Andersen, P. C., R. F. Mizell, W. J. French und J. H. Aldrich. „Effect of Multiple Applications of Pesticides on Leaf Gas Exchange of Peach“. HortScience 21, Nr. 3 (Juni 1986): 508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.3.508.

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Abstract Nine pesticides (chlorothalonil, captan, benomyl, permethrin, methomyl, parathion, carbaryl, dicofol, and S) were sprayed on peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch ‘June Gold’) to determine pesticide-induced effects on leaf conductance (gl), transpiration (E), and net CO2 assimilation rate (A). Parathion was the only material to reduce A when applied <3 times. Net CO2 assimilation rate declined by 10% to 25% for parathion-, methomyl-, chlorothalonil-, benomyl-, and captan-treated trees after 3 applications; however, gl was reduced only for the parathion and chlorothalonil treatments. The pesticide-sensitivity of peach A appears to be much less than pecan and somewhat similar to apple. Chemical names used: 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-l,3-benzenedi-carbonitrile (chlorothalonil); 3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-2-[(trichloromethyl)thiol]-lH-isoin-dole-l,3(2H)-dione (captan); methyl[l-](butylamino)carbonyl]-lH-benzimidazol-2-yl]carbamate (benomyl); (3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate (permethrin); methyl N-[[(methylam-ino)carbonyl]oxy]ethanimidothioate(methomyl); 0,0-diethyl 0-p-nitrophenylphospho-rothioate (parathion); 1-naphthalenyl methylcarbamate (carbaryl); and 4,4′-dichloro-α-trichloro-methylbenzhydrol (dicofol).

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Sabal, Jhon Louie B., und Ma Kresna Navarro-Mansueto. „A Snapshot of the Crisis of COVID-19: Estimate of the Employment Impact Due to Lockdowns in Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines“. Journal of Emergency Management and Disaster Communications 02, Nr. 02 (Dezember 2021): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2689980921500068.

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When coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) became a national health crisis, the local government of the Cagayan de Oro City (CDOC) did not implement total lockdown. The COVID-19 Adjustment Measure Program adopted by the local government probably affected the April 2020 Labor Force Survey that showed that Region 10 posted an employment rate of 88.9%, which is higher than the national average of 82.3% (Department of Labor and Employment, Region Office No. X (DOLE-X). NorMin secures highest employment rate amid COVID 19. 2020. Available from: https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1044898 [Accessed 9th May 2021]). Despite the regional figure being 6.6 percentage points higher than the national one, there is a decrease in employed persons by around 400,000 from 2.302 million persons employed in April 2019 to 1.883 million in April 2020 (Department of Labor and Employment, Region Office No. X (DOLE-X). NorMin secures highest employment rate amid COVID 19. 2020. Available from: https://pia.gov.ph/news/articles/1044898 [Accessed 9th May 2021]). Hence, the study determines the effect of COVID-19 protective measures implemented by the government on the economy of CDOC. Using the barangay-level and selected sectoral-level data on business registration, and employment data between 2010 and 2019, the study estimates that one-week lockdown means a ₱1,825 loss of income for a minimum-wage employee. One-month lockdown costs ₱7,300 foregone income, while one-quarter lockdown (or a half of six months) is equivalent to ₱21,900 income loss. We recommend 10 policy interventions, but the government should also think big and invest its resources into programs that create a multiplier effect on the economy. Multipliers are interventions that create ripples or positive impacts on other sectors and/or economic participants.

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Akhtar, Yasmin. „INTERACTION STUDIES OF AMINO ACIDS IN AQUEOUS SODIUM BROMIDE SOLUTIONS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE“. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, Nr. 10 (31.10.2017): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2292.

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Densities, ultrasonic velocities and viscosities of L- Valine and L- Phenylalanine in aqueous sodium bromide (0.00, 0.025 and 0.05) m solutions have been determined experimentally at 308 and 313 K. The results obtained from density ultrasonic velocity and viscosity measurement have been used to calculate the apparent molal volume, фv, apparent molal, adiabatic compressibility ф Ks, partial molal volume ф0v at infinite dilution, partial molal adiabatic compressibility ф0Ks at infinite dilution, transfer volume ∆ф(tr), experimental slopes Sv and SKs,Falkenhagen coefficient A and Jones-Dole B coefficient. The results are discussed in terms of the dehydration effect of the sodium bromide upon the amino acids and weak solute- solute and strong solute- solvent interactions. The properties of these amino acids in water and water + sodium bromide solution systems are discussed in terms of the charge, size and hydrogen bonding effect.

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Leydesdorff, Loet, und Martin Meyer. „A reply to Etzkowitz’ comments to Leydesdorff and Martin (2010): technology transfer and the end of the Bayh–Dole effect“. Scientometrics 97, Nr. 3 (10.03.2013): 927–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11192-013-0997-5.

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Beerling, D. J. „The influence of vegetation activity on the Dole effect and its implications for changes in biospheric productivity in the mid-Holocene“. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 266, Nr. 1419 (22.03.1999): 627–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1999.0682.

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Jourez, B., A. Riboux und A. Leclercq. „Comparison of basic density and longitudinal shrinkage in tension wood and opposite wood in young stems of Populus euramericana cv. Ghoy when subjected to a gravitational stimulus“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31, Nr. 10 (01.10.2001): 1676–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x01-096.

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In a greenhouse, under controlled conditions, young shoots, taken from poplar cuttings (Populus euramericana (Dole) Guinier cv. Ghoy), were artificially bent to quantify the modifications of physical properties induced by a gravitational stimulus. At the end of the growing season, basic density and longitudinal shrinkage were measured on very small samples taken from pure tension wood tissue observed on the upper face of the inclined axis and compared with opposite wood tissue, free of gelatinous fibers, developed on the opposite lower face. In a second step, shoots bent at two different lean intensities were analyzed. In young poplar wood, gravitational stimulus was found to have a significant effect on physical properties. Relations between basic density and longitudinal shrinkage are different depending on the types of wood considered. Shrinkage appears more sensitive to lean intensity in the range considered here.

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K.S, Sreelakshmi, und Usha R. „Structural and Functional Dynamics of Secondary Metabolite from Actinokineospora cibodasensis against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm“. Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 39, Nr. 6 (27.12.2023): 1589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/390619.

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Biofilm formation has incredible detrimental effects and has brought huge issue to our daily life. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is recognized as an opportunistic pathogen and its one of the antibiotic resistance mechanisms includes biofilm formation. To survive against harsh environmental conditions the microorganisms form an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. Natural products, particularly, marine natural products have been established useful in providing new chemical entities to mark biofilm inhibition and dole out as a rich source of privileged frames for studying chemical as well as biological applications. In the present study, antibiofilm potential of bioextract from Actinokineospora cibodasensis (MW513387) is tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) biofilm. The analysis of the quorum sensing modulation was done using exopolysaccharide (EPS) quantification and Cytotoxicity assays were performed to check toxicity. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also conducted to visualize the mitigation of biofilm using the biocontrol agent. All the assays conducted evidently indicated that the potential bioactive compound from Actinokineospora cibodasensis has greater inhibition effect against pathogenic biofilm. In the near-term years it is expected that these pharmaceutical compounds from natural source be translated into antibiofilm drugs.

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Ali, Anwar, Rajan Patel, Shahjahan Khan und Vidiksha Bhushan. „Study of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Glycine, Diglycine, and Triglycine in Aqueous Tartrazine at Different Temperatures“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 64, Nr. 11 (01.11.2009): 758–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2009-1113.

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The densities (ρ), viscosities (η), and refractive indices (nD) of (0.01, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20 m) amino acid, glycine, and peptides, diglycine and triglycine in 0.01 m aqueous tartrazine solution were determined at 288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. The density data were utilized to evaluate apparent molar volumes (φv) which, in turn, were used to determine partial molar volumes (φv ◦) using Masson’s equation. The transfer volumes were also calculated. The viscosity data were analyzed using the Jones-Dole equation to determine the viscosity coefficients and the activation parameters. The activation parameters of viscous flow were obtained to throw light on the mechanism of viscous flow. The molar refraction was calculated using the refractive index data. The results were interpreted in the light of ion-ion, ion-nonpolar, and nonpolar-nonpolar interactions and the effect of increasing hydrophobicity as we move from glycine to triglycine on these interactions in presence of the dye tartrazine was also investigated.

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Pandey, J. D., S. Haroon, Krishna K. Dubey, Madhulika Upadhyaya, Ranjan Dey und K. Misra. „Interactions of 6-aminopurine (adenine) in water and aqueous urea solutions“. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 78, Nr. 12 (01.12.2000): 1561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v00-141.

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Density (ρ), ultrasonic velocity (U), viscosity (η), and absorbance (A) of adenine in water, 1 M, 3 M, and 6 M aqueous urea solutions have been measured in the presence (and absence) of different concentrations of salts, i.e., NaCl, KCl, and CaCl2. From these measured values, the apparent molar volume (ϕv), experimental slope (Sv), apparent molar compressibility (ϕK), viscosity coefficients A and B of JonesDole equation, specific acoustic impedance (Z), hydration number (Sn), internal pressure (Pi), molar absorptivity (ε), hypochromicity (h), and oscillator strength (f) have been calculated at 298.15 K. The increasing and (or) decreasing trends of all these parameters indicate a strong interaction of urea in moderate concentration (1 M and 3 M) with adenine especially at the hydrophilic/polar and ionic sites, particularly by hydrogen bonding. However, the interaction at hydrophobic sites are relatively weaker. Higher concentrations of urea (6 M) have more denaturation effect. The ππ interactions (stacking) in adenine are more prominent in concentrated solutions and are also strengthened by the presence of cations up to an optimum concentration of salts (cut-off point). The self-association of urea and adenine is more significant in concentrated aqueous solutions and becomes negligible on dilution.Key words: interaction, adenine, urea, density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity.

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Paul, Clémence, Clément Piel, Joana Sauze, Nicolas Pasquier, Frédéric Prié, Sébastien Devidal, Roxanne Jacob et al. „Determination of respiration and photosynthesis fractionation factors for atmospheric dioxygen inferred from a vegetation–soil–atmosphere analogue of the terrestrial biosphere in closed chambers“. Biogeosciences 20, Nr. 5 (16.03.2023): 1047–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-1047-2023.

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Abstract. The isotopic composition of dioxygen in the atmosphere is a global tracer which depends on the biosphere flux of dioxygen toward and from the atmosphere (photosynthesis and respiration) as well as exchanges with the stratosphere. When measured in fossil air trapped in ice cores, the relative concentration of 16O, 17O, and 18O of O2 can be used for several applications such as ice core dating and past global productivity reconstruction. However, there are still uncertainties about the accuracy of these tracers as they depend on the integrated isotopic discrimination of different biological processes of dioxygen production and uptake, for which we currently have very few independent estimates. Here we determined the respiration and photosynthesis fractionation factors for atmospheric dioxygen from experiments carried out in a replicated vegetation–soil–atmosphere analogue of the terrestrial biosphere in closed chambers with growing Festuca arundinacea. The values for 18O discrimination during soil respiration and dark respiration in leaves are equal to -12.3±1.7 ‰ and -19.1±2.4 ‰, respectively. In these closed biological chambers, we also found a value attributed to terrestrial photosynthetic isotopic discrimination equal to +3.7±1.3 ‰. This last estimate suggests that the contribution of terrestrial productivity in the Dole effect may have been underestimated in previous studies.

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Wang, Hongchao, Yuan He, Danting Dang, Yurong Zhao, Jianxin Zhao und Wenwei Lu. „Gut Microbiota-Derived Tryptophan Metabolites Alleviate Allergic Asthma Inflammation in Ovalbumin-Induced Mice“. Foods 13, Nr. 9 (26.04.2024): 1336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods13091336.

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Asthma is a prevalent respiratory disease. The present study is designed to determine whether gut microbiota-derived tryptophan metabolites alleviate allergic asthma inflammation in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced mice and explore the effect and potential mechanism therein. Asthma model mice were constructed by OVA treatment, and kynurenine (KYN), indole-3-lactic acid (ILA), in-dole-3-carbaldehyde (I3C), and indole acetic acid (IAA) were administered by intraperitoneal injection. The percent survival, weight and asthma symptom score of mice were recorded. The total immunoglobulin E and OVA-specific (s)IgE in the serum and the inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by the corresponding ELISA kits. The composition of the gut microbiota and tryptophan-targeted metabolism in mouse feces were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and targeted metabolomics, respectively. The four tryptophan metabolites improved the percent survival, weight and asthma symptoms of mice, and reduced the inflammatory cells in lung tissues, especially I3C. I3C and IAA significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated the levels of OVA-IgE and inflammatory cytokines. KYN was observed to help restore gut microbiota diversity. Additionally, I3C, KYN, and ILA increased the relative abundance of Anaeroplasma, Akkermansia, and Ruminococcus_1, respectively, which were connected with tryptophan metabolic pathways. IAA also enhanced capability of tryptophan metabolism by the gut microbiota, restoring tryptophan metabolism and increasing production of other tryptophan metabolites. These findings suggest that tryptophan metabolites may modulate asthma through the gut microbiota, offering potential benefits for clinical asthma management.

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Nieman, David, Nicholas Gillitt, Guan-Yuan Chen, Gibin Zhang, Wei Sha, Colin Kay, Preeti Chandra, Kristine Kay und Mary Ann Lila. „Blueberry and Banana Consumption Mitigate Arachidonic, Cytochrome P450 Oxylipin Generation During Recovery from 75-Km Cycling“. Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (29.05.2020): 1761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa066_016.

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Abstract Objectives Oxylipins are bioactive lipid oxidation products that have vital regulatory roles in numerous physiological processes including inflammation. This study determined if 2-weeks blueberry and/or acute banana ingestion influenced generation of in n-6 and n-3 PUFA-derived oxylipins during recovery from a 75-km cycling time trial. Methods Cyclists (n = 59, 38.6 ± 1.5 years of age) were randomized to freeze-dried blueberry or placebo groups, and ingested 26 grams/d (1 cup/d fresh blueberries equivalent) for 2 weeks. Cyclists reported to the lab in an overnight fasted state and engaged in a 75-km cycling time trial (185.5 ± 5.2 min). Cyclists from each group (blueberry, placebo) were further randomized to ingestion of water-only or water with Cavendish bananas (carbohydrate intake, 0.2 g/kg every 15 min) during exercise. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-2- weeks supplementation, and then 0 h-, 1.5 h-, 3 h-, 5 h-, 24 h-, 48 h-post-exercise. Plasma oxylipins and phenolic blueberry and banana metabolites were measured with ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC–MS/MS) using reference standards. Results Significant time × treatment effects (8 time points, 4 groups) were found for 24 blueberry-related and seven banana-related gut-derived metabolites in plasma (fdr P-value < 0.05). Significant and substantial post-exercise increases were measured for 64 of 67 identified plasma oxylipins. Oxylipins were grouped according to relevant fatty acid substrates [arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), linoleic acid (LA), and enzyme systems [cytochrome P450 (CYP), lipoxygenase (LOX)]. Banana and blueberry ingestion were independently associated with significant post-exercise reductions in pro-inflammatory ARA-CYP HETEs and DiHETrEs (treatment effect, fdr P-value = 0.003). These trial differences were especially apparent within the first three hours of recovery from the 75-km cycling bout. Conclusions Prolonged and intensive exercise evoked a transient but robust increase in plasma levels of oxylipins, with a strong attenuation effect of ARA-CYP oxylipins linked to acute carbohydrate intake from bananas and 2-weeks ingestion of blueberries. Funding Sources Dole Foods, Westlake Village, CA.

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Jiao, Yang, Shujie Liu, Yanan Zhou, Deyu Yang, Jilan Li und Zhanhong Cui. „The Effect of Supplemental Concentrate Feeding on the Morphological and Functional Development of the Pancreas in Early Weaned Yak Calves“. Animals 12, Nr. 19 (26.09.2022): 2563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12192563.

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This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of supplemental concentrate feeding on the pancreatic development of yak calves. Twenty one-month-old yak calves with healthy body condition and similar body weight were selected as experimental animals and randomly divided into two groups, five replicates in each group. The control group yak calves were fed milk replacer and alfalfa hay, the experimental group yak calves were fed milk replacer, alfalfa hay and concentrate. The pre-feeding period of this experiment was thirty days, the trial period was one hundred days. At the end of feeding trail, five yak calves from each group were selected and slaughtered and the pancreas tissues of yak calves were collected and determined. The results showed that: (1) Dry matter and body weight of yak calves in the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group. (2) The apparent nutrient digestibility of crude protein, crude fat, calcium and phosphorus in the test group of yak calves was significantly higher than that of the control group, while the apparent nutrient digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in the test group was significantly lower than that of the control group. (3) Pancreatic weight, organ index, total ratio of exocrine part area and total ratio of endocrine area of yak calves in the test group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while the ratio of exocrine area was significantly lower in the test group than that of the control group. (4) The activities of the main pancreatic digestive enzymes: pancreatic amylase, pancreatic lipase, pancreatic protease and chymotrypsin were significantly higher in the test group than those of the control group, as were the hormonal contents of glucagon, insulin and pancreatic polypeptide. (5) The main differential metabolites of the pancreas in the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group, such as D-proline, hypoxanthine, acetylcysteine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, piperidinic acid, ellagic acid, nicotinamide, tropolone, D-serine, ribulose-5-phosphate, (+/-)5(6)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid(EET), 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, L-phenylalanine, creatinine, tetrahydrocorticosterone, pyridoxamine, xanthine, 5-oxoproline, asparagine, DL-tryptophan, in-dole-3-acrylic acid, thymine, trehalose, docosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids(FAHFA) (18:1/20:3), fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids(FAHFA) (18:2/20:4), adrenic acid and xanthosine. In conclusion, supplemental concentrate feeding promoted the good development of morphological and functional properties of the pancreas in early weaned yak calves to improve the digestion and absorption of feed nutrients, so as to enhance the growth and development quality of early weaned yak calves.

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Mathur, Neha, Biplab Manna und Arun Kumar Sharma. „Relationship between Viscosity and Micellization of Fused Chelates of Thiazine Drugs in Different Chemical Compositions“. Current Physical Chemistry 9, Nr. 3 (26.11.2019): 232–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1877946809666190424145506.

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Background: Phenothiazines and Triphenodithiazines are included in the class of nitrogen and sulphur donating ligands. They have a wide spectrum of biological activities and form important class of heterocyclic compounds. Both drugs are being used as, antitumors, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anaesthetics, anticancer agents, antimalarials, antimicrobials, anti-cholinergics, growth inhibitors, and many other pharmacological agents. Objective: Present work has been initiated with a view to obtain a profile regarding structural insight of complexes of Cobalt (II), Ni (II) and Zinc (II) soaps derived from substituted phenothiazines 15 and triphenodithiazines using latest technique. It also gives an account of micelle formation in the mixed non aqueous solvents. Methods: The viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of complexes of Co, Ni, and Zn Oleate with substituted phenothiazine and triphenodithiazine in methanol + benzene solvents was determined at a constant temperature of 303.15 K to study the micellar features and critical micelle concentration (CMC). In the present work benzene+ methanol have selected as co solvents due to these interact with complex molecules and thus affected aggregation of complex molecules. Results: The results were used to determine the CMC, soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecule on various parameters. The conclusions concerning solute-solute and solute-solvent interaction were discussed regarding the well-known Moulik’s and Jones-Dole equations. Conclusion: From above results it may be concluded that the micelle formation take place earlier in the case of triphenodithiazine complexes due to larger molecular structure, so a smaller number of molecules are needed to form micelle. Micellization also confirms the existence of complex aggregation in the non-aqueous mixed solvents. To conclude, it can be unveiled on the basis of the result acquired that above study of complexes conforms the presence of complex aggregation in the non - aqueous mixed solvents.

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Sharma, Arun Kumar, Meenakshi Saxena und Rashmi Sharma. „Investigation of Micellization and Viscometric Behaviour of Organo-copper Soap-urea Complexes Derived from Various Edible Oils“. Current Physical Chemistry 9, Nr. 2 (14.11.2019): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1877946809666190617142243.

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Background: Of-late researches in colloid chemistry are becoming increasingly important in various branches of chemistry, industry, medicine and allied fields. Copper surfactants derived from various edible oils provide an interesting area of investigation pertaining to its fundamental information regarding their colloid-chemical behaviour. Copper (II) soaps and their urea complexes in polar and non-polar solvents have gained considerable popularity due to their immense use and widespread applications such as wood preservation, foaming, wetting, biocidal, pesticidal activities, fungicidal, detergency, emulsification, paints, lubrication etc. Objective: Present work has been initiated with a view to obtain a profile due to the nature and structure of copper soap and their urea complexes with long chain fatty acids in polar and non-polar solvent, which have great significance in explaining their characteristics under different conditions. The objective of the present work is study of micellar characterizations of copper soap and their urea complexes in polar (methanol) and non-polar (benzene) solvents of varying composition and subsequent determinations of CMC using physical properties such as, viscosity. This will provide fundamental information regarding their colloid chemical behavior. Methods: The density, molar volume, viscosity, specific viscosity, and fluidity of Cu (II) soap- urea complexes derived from various edible oils in a benzene-methanol solvent system have been determined at a constant temperature of 303.15 K. Results: Results: The results were used to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC), soap complex-solvent interactions and the effect of chain length of the surfactant molecules on various parameters. The values of the CMC in the higher volume percent of methanol are higher than those of the lower volume percent of methanol. The values of CMC for these complexes are following the order: CSoU>CSeU> CGU > CMU : This shows that there is a decrease in the CMC values with an increase of the average molecular weight of the complex. The conclusions with regard to solute-solute and solutesolvent interactions have been discussed in terms of the well-known Moulik’s and Jones- Dole equations. The effect of surfactant concentration on the viscosity of the solution in the solvent mixtures has been discussed. The observations suggested that the solvent structure breaking effect by the solute on the solvent molecules is more prominent above the CMC as compared to below the CMC. Conclusion: The vital information about the micellar behavior of synthesized molecules as a solute and their interactions with different solvents will plays an important role in various industrial and biological applications.

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Núñez-Iglesias, Mª Jesús, Silvia Novio, Carlota García, Mª Elena Pérez-Muñuzuri, María-Carmen Martínez, José-Luis Santiago, Susana Boso, Pilar Gago und Manuel Freire-Garabal. „Co-Adjuvant Therapy Efficacy of Catechin and Procyanidin B2 with Docetaxel on Hormone-Related Cancers In Vitro“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 13 (02.07.2021): 7178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22137178.

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Prostate (PC) and breast cancer (BC) are heterogeneous hormonal cancers. Treatment resistance and adverse effects are the main limitations of conventional chemotherapy treatment. The use of sensitizing agents could improve the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs as well as obviate these limitations. This study analyzes the effect of single catechin (CAT), procyanidin B2 (ProB2) treatment as well as the co-adjuvant treatment of each of these compounds with docetaxel (DOCE). We used PC- and BC-derived cell lines (PC3, DU-145, T47D, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The short and long-term pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects were analyzed. RT-qPCR was used to discover molecular bases of the therapeutic efficacy of these compounds. ProB2 treatment induced a two- to five-fold increase in anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects compared to single DOCE treatment, and also had a more sensitizing effect than DOCE on DU145 cells. Regarding BC cells, ProB2- and CAT-mediated sensitization to DOCE anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects was cell-independent and cell-dependent, respectively. Combined treatment led to high-efficacy effects on MCF-7 cells, which were associated to the up-regulation of CDKN1A, BAX, caspase 9 and E-cadherin mRNA under combined treatment compared to single DOCE treatment. CAT and ProB2 can enhance the efficacy of DOCE therapy on PC and BC cells by the sensitizing mechanism.

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Darılmaz Yüce, Gülbahar. „Warfarin doz ayarlanmasında genetik varyasyonların etkisi“. Tuberk Toraks 62, Nr. 3 (29.09.2014): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5578/tt.7425.

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Saksida, Tamara, D. Miljkovic, Dragana Dekanski, Ivana Stojanovic und Stanislava Stosic-Grujicic. „Dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) down-regulates the progression of experimental immune-mediated diabetes by modulation of cytokine profile in the draining lymph nodes“. Archives of Biological Sciences 63, Nr. 2 (2011): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs1102289s.

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We have recently demonstrated the beneficial effects of dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) in two preclinical models of type 1 diabetes. Here we analyze the potential mechanisms underlying diabetes amelioration at the level of lymph node drainage. Treatment of C57BL/6 mice with DOLE during induction of diabetes with multiple low doses of streptozotocin (MLD-SZ) modulated cytokine expression and production in pancreatic lymph node cells, thereby changing the balance between potentially pathogenic and down-regulating cytokines. These results support the immunoregulatory potential of DOLE which takes place at the level of lymph node drainage and preserves the target tissue from autoimmune attack.

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KAID, LYNDA LEE. „Effects of the Television Spots on Images of Dole and Clinton“. American Behavioral Scientist 40, Nr. 8 (August 1997): 1085–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764297040008009.

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Zhang, Jingchi, Jiakun Fan, Hui Luo, Zhengwei Liang, Yanhui Guan, Xin Lei, Nianguo Bo und Ming Zhao. „Alleviation of Alcoholic Fatty Liver by Dendrobium officinale Flower Extracts due to Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Mice Exposed to Chronic Alcohol“. Foods 12, Nr. 7 (28.03.2023): 1428. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12071428.

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Alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) is caused by long-term heavy alcohol consumption; therefore, useful and practical methods for the prevention of AFLD are urgently needed. The edible flower of Dendrobium officinale contains diverse flavonoids, and has shown antioxidant activity as well as antihypertensive and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, an AFLD model was established, the protective effect of D. officinale flower (DOF) ethanol extract on AFLD was evaluated, and its mechanisms were investigated by analyzing gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). DOF extract (DOFE) supplementation promoted alcohol metabolism, restored hepatic antioxidant capacity, alleviated oxidative stress, reduced inflammatory factor levels, and inhibited dyslipidemia induced by alcohol intake in chronic alcohol-exposed mice, especially in the high DOFE group. Moreover, DOFE supplementation increased the diversity, structure, and composition of the gut microbiota in mice, restored some of the abnormal SCFA levels caused by AFLD, and helped restore intestinal function. DOFE supplementation significantly increased the relative abundance of Akkermansia, suggesting that Akkermansia may be a potential target of the protective effect of DOFE. Therefore, DOFE supplementation to improve the composition of the gut microbiota may be an effective therapeutic strategy for the prevention of AFLD.

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Singh, Priya. „Agranulocytosis - A Rare Side Effect of Standard Dose Ceftriaxone Therapy“. Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine 09, Nr. 1 (14.02.2022): 24–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.202205.

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In the current era of medical science, agranulocytosis is rarely found. Chemotherapeutic agents and various non-chemotherapeutic drugs commonly cause agranulocytosis. Agranulocytosis can occur any time during the therapy in hospital, and patients may remain symptomless. So, we should do regular cell count to reach the diagnosis in such cases. An appropriate antibiotic or drug-change, investigations to rule out sepsis and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) injection can be given as the management part. The patient should be monitored daily and observed till the normalization of neutrophil counts. Here, we report a case of ceftriaxone-mediated agranulocytosis, which was completely reversible after withdrawing the antibiotic.

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Harris, A. M., G. B. Schaffer und N. W. Page. „The Russian Doll effect by mechanical alloying“. Journal of Materials Science Letters 12, Nr. 14 (1993): 1103–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00420534.

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Prasad, Dr Ravi Shankar, und Dr Gopal Batni. „Effect of low dose versus high dose Ipratropium over Lung functions in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients“. Scholars Journal of Applied Medical Sciences 4, Nr. 6 (Juni 2016): 1986–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/sjams.2016.4.6.23.

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Jiang, Harry, Xiaoxi Zhang und Carlee Joe-Wong. „DOLL“. ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review 50, Nr. 2 (30.08.2022): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3561074.3561082.

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Most large-scale ML implementations scale to large amounts of data by utilizing multiple servers or virtual machines (VMs) that iteratively compute model updates on local data that are periodically synchronized. Due to the complexity of managing the resulting computing infrastructure, many companies run their ML jobs on external cloud providers' servers. However, cloud resources can be expensive, particularly for large ML jobs with long runtimes. A particularly popular method to limit the costs of training ML jobs is to utilize preemptible cloud instances. These may be interrupted at the cloud provider's discretion, but they are significantly (up to 90%) cheaper than conventional on-demand instances. Most studies of these ML methods, however, assume the availability of large datasets at training time. In practice, training data may arrive at irregular intervals and models may be trained online as new data samples arrive, e.g., when monitoring data from IoT sensors. While some software frameworks like Apache Kafka can feed online data arrivals to ML algorithms, they provide little insight into the resulting costs of ML training. We extend prior work on provisioning preemptible instances to analyze available pools of data in order to run online ML on incoming datastreams, which presents new challenges due to the need to carefully handle data arrivals. We design, analyze, and optimize DOLL, which to the best of our knowledge is the first system that provides provable performance guarantees for Distributed OnLine Learning over preemptible instances. Research Challenges and Our Contributions: When pools of data are readily available, the bottleneck to distributed ML training often lies in the time required for each VM to compute its model updates. In our scenario, however, the arrival rate of incoming data may also bottleneck data processing. An intuitive strategy would then be for each VM to process each data point as it arrives. However, since arrivals at different VMs may not be coordinated, synchronizing the model parameters at each VM between data arrivals may introduce additional delays, while asynchronous SGD methods can lead to slow convergence [1]. DOLL uses a batching and grouping process to limit the synchronization delay, which naturally realizes traditional mini-batch SGD so as to provide provable model convergence guarantees. Handling online data arrivals becomes particularly challenging when we use preemptible instances to compute model updates. Existing methods utilizing preemptible instances for ML jobs largely focus on mitigating training interruptions [2] and their effects on model convergence [3]. When used on datastreams, we face an additional challenge of interruptions pausing the data arrival process, which impedes the rate at which we can compute model updates and thus model convergence. Thus, one should ensure that preemptions do not happen "too often," e.g., by computing some updates on on-demand instances. Our work is the first to optimize the number of preemptible VMs used and demonstrate that we can meet ML convergence guarantees.

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Kaymak, Hakan, Birte Graff, Frank Schaeffel, Achim Langenbucher, Berthold Seitz und Hartmut Schwahn. „Myopie-Managementmit niedrig dosiertem Atropin in der klinischen Praxis“. Optometry & Contact Lenses 1, Nr. 2 (30.08.2021): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54352/dozv.mnfd4523.

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Purpose. The aim of the study was to determine the thera peutic effect of lowdose atropine for inhibiting myopia pro gression in clinical practice outside of controlled clinical trials. Material and Methods. We performed a retrospective analysis on data collected on a regular basis (refraction, axial length) pertaining to 79 children treated with atropine and 100 un treated children over an observation period of 12 months. Results. Our findings show that myopia progressed in both groups with highly variable progression rates. A twoway ANOVA for age and atropine effects on axial length growth revealed that axial length growth rates decline with age (p < 0.0001) and that atropine has a significant inhibitory effect on axial length growth (p < 0.0015) independent of age. However, this effect showed only a 0.08 mm inhibition rate per year (28 %) as compared to the average growth rate in the untreated children, meaning that its magnitude is quite small. Furthermore, the effect of atropine on the refractive power was not significant. Conclusion. We found that, in this clinical setting, the effects of atropine were not distinctive and of only minor clinical relevance. The results of this study show that the beneficial effects of a treatment with 0.01% atropine eye drops may not be apparent in every individual case, information that should be communicated to the parents of myopic children and general ophthalmologists. Keywords axial length, children, atropine, myopia, controlling myopia

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Albino, Jacqueline, und Kenitiro Suguio. „Sedimentation processes and beach morphodynamics active at the Doce River mouth, Espírito Santo State, Brazil“. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 82, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2010): 1031–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652010000400023.

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The coastal sedimentation model in the Doce River mouth and surroundings extends beyond the hydraulic jetty effect created by its stream-flow. During flooding, marine sediments transported by longshore currents are retained on the updrift side, causing strandline progradation. As the longshore current direction varies, local depositional and erosional effects can be produced and identified laterally within beach profiles from north and south of the Doce River mouth area. Sedimentological studies carried out in this river, beach and adjacent inner continental shelf sands showed that, at present, the influence of Doce River sediments is restricted to the area surrounding its mouth. Meanwhile, beach morphodynamic stages and present-day coastal-plain processes of sedimentation are directly affected by the Doce River discharge as a natural continuation of the Quaternary geological evolution of the area.

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Cvjetićanin, Tamara, Djordje Miljković, Ivana Stojanović, Dragana Dekanski und Stanislava Stošić-Grujičić. „Dried leaf extract of Olea europaea ameliorates islet-directed autoimmunity in mice“. British Journal of Nutrition 103, Nr. 10 (22.12.2009): 1413–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114509993394.

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The health-promoting effects of various constituents of the olive tree (Olea europaea) are mainly associated with hypoglycaemic and insulin-sensitising activities and have been widely demonstrated in the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. However, their biological activity in autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) is poorly characterised. Therefore, the influence of O. europaea-derived components present in dry olive leaf extract (DOLE) was examined in two established preclinical models of human T1D, which differ in some aspects of diabetogenesis: multiple low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes in susceptible C57BL/6 and CBA/H mouse strains; cyclophosphamide-accelerated diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice. In both T1D models, in vivo administration of DOLE significantly reduced clinical signs of diabetes (hyperglycaemia and body weight loss) and led to complete suppression of histopathological changes in pancreatic islets. In line with these, insulin expression and release were restored in DOLE-treated mice. Interestingly, inducible NO synthase expression and NO production were significantly elevated in peripheral tissues but were down-regulated within the local environment of the endocrine pancreas. This interference was reflected in NO-mediated suppression of T lymphocyte proliferation and lower production of the proinflammatory cytokines interferon-γ, IL-17 and TNF-α in the spleen, with subsequent blockade of β-cell destruction. The results suggest that DOLE interferes with development of autoimmune diabetes by down-regulating production of proinflammatory and cytotoxic mediators. Therefore, the potential use of a DOLE-enriched diet for prophylaxis/treatment of human T1D, and possibly other autoimmune diseases, is worthy of further investigation.

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Krishnamoorthy, Geetha, Gnanamani Gnanasabai und Gulrukh Hashmi. „A Prospective Study on Effect of Low Dose Mifepristone in Uterine Leiomyoma“. Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, Nr. 2 (2019): 303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.7219.30.

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von Stengel, S., und W. Kemmler. „Dosis-Wirkungs-Beziehung zwischen Trainingshäufigkeit und Risikofaktoren für metabolische und kardiale Erkrankungen“. Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin 2013, Nr. 03 (01.03.2013): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2012.059.

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Núñez-Iglesias, María Jesús, Silvia Novío, Carlota García, Elena Pérez-Muñuzuri, Pilar Soengas, Elena Cartea, Pablo Velasco und Manuel Freire-Garabal. „Glucosinolate-Degradation Products as Co-Adjuvant Therapy on Prostate Cancer in Vitro“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, Nr. 20 (09.10.2019): 4977. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20204977.

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Glucosinolate-degradation products (GS-degradation products) are believed to be responsible for the anticancer effects of cruciferous vegetables. Furthermore, they could improve the efficacy and reduce side-effects of chemotherapy. The aim of the present study was to determine the cytotoxic effects of GS-degradation products on androgen-insensitive human prostate cancer (AIPC) PC-3 and DU 145 cells and investigate their ability to sensitize such cells to chemotherapeutic drug Docetaxel (DOCE). Cells were cultured under growing concentrations of allyl-isothiocyanate (AITC), sulforaphane (SFN), 4-pentenyl-isothiocyanate (4PI), iberin (IB), indole-3-carbinol (I3C), or phenethyl-isothiocyanate (PEITC) in absence or presence of DOCE. The anti-tumor effects of these compounds were analyzed using the trypan blue exclusion, apoptosis, invasion and RT-qPCR assays and confocal microscopy. We observed that AITC, SFN, IB, and/or PEITC induced a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxic effect on PC-3 and DU 145 cells, which was mediated, at least, by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Likewise, we showed that these GS-degradation products sensitized both cell lines to DOCE by synergic mechanisms. Taken together, our results indicate that GS-degradation products can be promising compounds as co-adjuvant therapy in prostate cancer.

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Wu, Yu-Lin, Si-Han Huang, Chun-Mei He, Bo Qiu, Jing-Jing Liu, Jia Li, Ying Lin, Sheng-Lu Yu, Hong-Feng Wang und Gui-Fang Zhang. „Dendrobium officinale Flower Extraction Mitigates Alcohol-Induced Liver Injury in Mice: Role of Antisteatosis, Antioxidative, and Anti-Inflammatory“. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (14.10.2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1421853.

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The study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Dendrobium officinale flower extraction (DOFE) on alcohol-induced liver injury and its probable mechanisms in mice. The chemical composition of DOFE was performed via UPLC/MS. Male Kunming mice were used to establish alcohol-induced liver injury models by oral gavage of 56% alcohol. Results showed that DOFE dramatically attenuated the increased serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total cholesterol (TC), and triacylglycerol (TG). Meanwhile, hematoxylin and eosin and Oil Red O staining showed that DOFE attenuated degeneration, inflammatory infiltration, and lipid droplet accumulation. DOFE was also found to suppress the activity of malonaldehyde (MDA) and enhanced the level of glutathione (GSH) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) in the liver. The protection of DOFE against oxidative stress was associated with the downregulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) and upregulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase l (NQO1). Additionally, DOFE suppressed inflammation via downregulating Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and nuclear factor kappa-B P65 (NF-κB P65). Thus, DOFE exhibited a significant protective effect against alcohol-induced liver injury through its antisteatosis, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effect.

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