Dissertationen zum Thema „Distributions de poids“
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Zanotti, Jean-Pierre. „Codes a distribution de poids equilibre“. Toulon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUL0001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleQian, Liqin. „Contributions to the theory of algebraic coding on finite fields and rings and their applications“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PA080064.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlgebraic coding theory over finite fields and rings has always been an important research topic in information theory thanks to their various applications in secret sharing schemes, strongly regular graphs, authentication and communication codes.This thesis addresses several research topics according to the orientations in this context, whose construction methods are at the heart of our concerns. Specifically, we are interested in the constructions of optimal codebooks (or asymptotically optimal codebooks), the constructions of linear codes with a one-dimensional hull, the constructions of minimal codes, and the constructions of projective linear codes. The main contributions are summarized as follows. This thesis gives an explicit description of additive and multiplicative characters on finite rings (precisely _\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2= 0)s and S\mathbb{F}_q+u\mathbb{F}_q~(u^2=u)S), employees Gaussian, hyper Eisenstein and Jacobi sums and proposes several classes of optimal (or asymptotically optimal) new codebooks with flexible parameters. Next, it proposes(optimal or nearly optimal) linear codes with a one-dimensional hull over finite fields by employing tools from the theory of Gaussian sums. It develops an original method to construct these codes. It presents sufficient conditions for one-dimensional hull codes and a lower bound on its minimum distance. Besides, this thesis explores several classes of (optimal for the well-known Griesmer bound) binary linear codes over finite fields based on two generic constructions using functions. It determines their parameters and weight distributions and derives several infinite families of minimal linear codes. Finally, it studies (optimal for the sphere packing bound) constructions of several classes of projective binary linear codes with a few weight and their corresponding duals codes
Carbonelli, Alexandre. „Caractérisation vibro-acoustique d'une cascade de distribution poids lourd“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00779231.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEvemy, Paul Martin. „Phytoplankton distribution and periodicity in a series of four linked ponds“. Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1988. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/fa1cb889-4789-4f58-9f16-b7ceb149ac16/1/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFILIPPINO, GIORGIA. „Distribution, ecology and conservation of bryoflora in the Mediterranean temporary ponds“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Cagliari, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11584/255993.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNortje, Hester Maria. „Portfolio Opportunity Distributions (PODs) for the South African market : based on regulation requirements“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86644.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this study Portfolio Opportunity Distributions (PODs) is applied as an alternative performance evaluation method. Traditionally, Broad-Market Indices or peer group comparisons are used to perform performance evaluation. These methods however have various biases and other problems related to its use. These biases and problems include composition bias, classification bias, concentration, etc. R.J. Surz (1994) introduced PODs in order to eliminate some of these problems. Each fund has its own opportunity set based on its style mandate and constraints. The style mandate of the fund is determined by calculating the fund’s exposure to the nine Surz Style Indices through the use of Returns-Based Style Analysis (RBSA). The indices are created based on the style proposed by R.J. Surz (1994). Some adjustments were made to incorporate the unique nature of the South African equity market. The combination of the fund’s exposures to the indices best explains the return that the fund generated. In this paper the fund’s constraints are based on the regulation requirements imposed on the funds in South Africa by the Collective Investment Schemes Control Act No. 45 of 2002 (CISCA). Thousands of random portfolios are then generated based on the fund’s opportunity set. The return and risk of the simulated portfolios represent the possible investment outcomes that the manager could have achieved given its opportunity set. Together the return and risk of the simulated portfolios represent a range of possible outcomes against which the performance of the fund is compared. It is also possible to determine the skill of the manager since it can be concluded that a manager who consistently outperforms most of the simulated portfolios shows skill in selecting shares to be included in the portfolio and assigning the correct weights to these shares. The South African Rand depreciated quite a bit during the period under evaluation and therefore funds invested large portions of their assets in foreign investments. These investments mostly yielded very high or very low returns compared to the returns available in the domestic equity market which impacted the application of PODs. Although the PODs methodology shows great potential, it is impossible to conclude with certainty whether the PODs methodology is superior to the traditional methods based on the current data.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie studie word Portefeulje Geleentheids Verdelings (“PODs”) bekendgestel as ‘n alternatiewe manier om die obrengste van bestuurders te evalueer. Gewoonlik word indekse en die vergelyking van die fonds met soortgelyke fondse gebruik om fondse te evalueer. Die metodes het egter verskeie probleme wat met die gebruik daarvan verband hou. Die probleme sluit onder andere in: die samestelling en klassifikasie van soortgelyke fondse, die konsentrasie in die mark, ens. R.J. Surz (1994) het dus Portefeulje Geleentheids Verdelings (“PODs”) bekendgestel in ‘n poging om sommige van die probeleme te elimineer. Elke fonds het sy eie unieke geleentheids versameling wat gebaseer is op die fonds se styl en enige beperkings wat op die fonds van toepassing is. Die fonds se styl word bepaal deur die fonds se blootstelling aan die nege Surz Styl Indekse te meet met behulp van opbrengs-gebaseerde styl analise (“RBSA”). Die indekse is geskep gebaseer op die metode wat deur R.J. Surz (1994) voorgestel is. Daar is egter aanpassings gemaak om die unieke aard van die Suid-Afrikaanse aandele mark in ag te neem. Die kombinasie van die fonds se blootstelling aan die indekse verduidelik waar die fonds se opbrengs vandaan kom. In die navorsingstuk is die beperkings wat van toepassing is op die fonds afkomstig uit die regulasie vereistes wat deur die “Collective Investment Schemes Control Act No. 45 of 2002 (CISCA)” in Suid-Afrika op fondse van toepassing is. Duisende ewekansige portefeuljes word dan gegenereer gebaseer op die fonds se unieke groep aandele waarin die fonds kan belê. Die opbrengs en risiko van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes verteenwoordig al die moontlike beleggings uitkomste wat die fonds bestuurder kon gegenereer het gegewe die fonds se unieke groep aandele waarin dit kon belê. Die opbrengs en risiko van al die gesimuleerde portefeuljes skep saam ‘n verdeling van moontlike beleggings uitkomste waarteen die opbrengs en risiko van die fonds vergelyk word. Hierdie proses maak dit moontlik om die fonds bestuurder se vermoë om beter as meeste van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes te presteer te bepaal. Die aanname kan gemaak word dat ‘n bestuurder wat konsekwent oor tyd beter as meeste van die gesimuleerde portefeuljes presteer oor die vermoë beskik om die regte aandele te kies om in die portefeulje in te sluit en ook die regte gewigte aan die aandele toe te ken. Die Suid-Afrikaanse Rand het heelwat gedepresieer tydens die evaluasie periode en daarom het fondse groot porsies van hul beleggings oorsee belê. Die beleggings het dus of heelwat groter of heelwat kleiner opbrengste gehad in vergelyking met die opbrengste beskikbaar in die plaaslike aandelemark en dit het die toepassing van PODs beïnvloed. PODs toon baie potential, maar dit is egter onmoontlik om met die huidige data stel vas te stel of dit ‘n beter metode is.
Landry, Hubert. „Étude de l'effet du transfert de poids sur la distribution de la pression exercée au sol par les chenilles d'un tracteur agricole“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0015/MQ55594.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLevert, Luc. „Distribution par filtration sur gel de la matière organique dissoute en fonction du poids moléculaire nominal dans trois types d'eau du Saguenay /“. Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1990. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElqidrea, Ammar. „Effect of irradiation on the monomer-liquid crystal systems“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10180/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe motivation of this work is to study the effect of ultraviolet (UV) and electron beam (EB) on the structure and proeprties of polymer composites/liquid crystal prepared by radical polymerization. Research interests in this area have focused on the solution and emulsion polymerization of polymer composites by UV radiation. In this work, we aim to present a deeper understanding of the polymer/LC interactions, with a detailed analysis of the kinetics and mechanism of the polymerization reaction. We studied the changes in the properties of systems based on isotropic and anisotropic polymers by varying both the preparation method and type of monomer. The polymer matrix has been developped with different preparation conditions, leading to optimization the manufacturing process parameters, based on the required properties of the final product. Initially, a literature survey was conducted in the first chapter. Models of radical polymerization are discussed, in addition to the molecular weight distribution of the polymer. The second chapter focusedon describing the preparation of films and polymer matrix composites, with a detailed description of the materials that were used int his study. The third chapter is devoted to the kinetic study of the polymerization reaction of acrylate. The main objective of the fourth chapter is devoted to the analysis of thermophysical polymer composites, and establishing the phase separation. In parallel, we analyze the effects of morphology on the different phase transitions of liquid crystals. The purpose of the fifth chapter is to study the degree of branching and chain transfer reactions depending on the conditions of preparation. The sixth chapter focused on the analysis of the molecular weight distribution of polymer chains using gel permeation chromatography
Therrien, Fanny. „Caractérisation du lien entre le statut pondéral et l'axe corticotrope : contribution de la distribution du tissu adipeux et des comportements alimentaires“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24566/24566.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCao, Feishu. „Caractérisation de l'hydrophobie des polymères extracellulaires (PEC) extrait de biofilms : une étude basée sur la technique de la résine DAX-8“. Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1048/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe hydrophobic properties of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) exert a profound influence on the cell surface properties. However, many factors such as EPS extractions methods, substrate type influence EPS characteristics, and limited information regarding to the hydrophobic features of EPS can be found. The main aim of this study is to develop a proper method to study EPS hydrophobicity, and then investigate the hydrophobic features of EPS.The hydrophobic fractionation by Supelite™ DAX-8 resin was first applied on the EPS extracted from anaerobic granular sludge, two elution pH conditions i.e. pH 2 and 5 were tested. The impact of seven EPS extraction methods on the hydrophobic features of EPS was assessed. The results showed that the extraction methods and bulk solution pH dramatically influenced the EPS composition and their hydrophobicity. Besides, the EPS extracting reagents namely formaldehyde, ethanol, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Tween 20 not only introduced extra carbon content during total organic carbon (TOC) measurement, but also interacted with the DAX-8 resin. By comparing the apparent molecular weight (aMW) distribution of the untreated and pH-adjusted EPS samples detected by size exclusion chromatography, more complete EPS aMW information was preserved at pH 5. Thus, the hydrophobic fractionation by DAX-8 resin at pH 5 and physical EPS extraction methods were preferred in this study.After identifying the proper conditions for DAX-8 resin fractionation, detailed qualitative analysis of the EPS hydrophobic features was further investigated. The results showed that the humic-like substances (HS-like) were the major organic constituent of the EPS extracted from the anaerobic granular sludge, and they were also the main molecular support of the EPS hydrophobicity. Those hydrophobic HS-like compounds were mainly small molecules ranging from 8 kDa to <1 kDa. Proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) contributed to the EPS hydrophobicity to a lesser extent.The role of PN and PS in the EPS hydrophobicity was difficult to be shown. It is known that the major organic constituents of the EPS extracted from bacteria, algae and fungi are PN and PS. Therefore, to explore the hydrophobic features of PN and PS, as well as to investigate the impact of Ni(II) addition, on the EPS hydrophobicity, the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium was chosen. The results showed that the contents of PN and PS in the extracted fungal EPS varied with the Ni(II) concentration. With an increase in the Ni concentration from 0 mg/L to 25 mg/L, the PN content was decreased whereas the PS content was increased. The fungal EPS hydrophobicity, determined by the DAX-8 resin treatment, was decreased as the Ni concentration increased.Besides, the peak intensity on the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) corresponding to the PN-like molecules (Ex/Em = 225/345 nm) ranging from 1.9×103 to 10 kDa were intensified by the Ni addition, while the aMW distribution of the total organics (UV/210) in the EPS remained almost stable. These results indicated that those PN-like compounds may determine the hydrophobicity of fungal EPS under stress conditions.For the more heterogeneous EPS extracted from anaerobic granular sludge, HS-like compounds were identified as the major organic component, as well as the main molecular support of the EPS hydrophobicity. By studying the hydrophobic features of the EPS extracted from the fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, it showed that the PN and PS in the EPS played an active role in protecting the fungus under Ni stress. The increased Ni concentration decreased the hydrophobicity of fungal EPS, but it increased the cell surface hydrophobicity of the fungus. It seems that the presence of Ni promoted the fungus becoming more hydrophobic
Lacerte, Guillaume. „Impacts différentiels des changements de la distribution d'adiposité sur les variations de résistance à l'insuline et d'adiponectine chez des jeunes adultes avec un poids normal sur une période de 4 ans“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6320.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKavazos, Christopher. „Small-scale biogeographic patterns of benthic bacterial and ciliate communities in the saline ponds of Lake MacLeod, North-Western Australia“. Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2016. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1811.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimon, Marianne. „Diversité, distribution spatiale et dynamique temporelle des petits eucaryotes dans des écosystèmes d'eau douce peu profond“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112200/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe diversity of very small eukaryotes (<5 µm) has mainly been studied by molecular methods in marine systems or in large lakes. However, that of small shallow systems remains practically unexplored, despite the fact that these systems are extensive and ecologically important in temperate regions. We thus aimed at describing the diversity and community composition of small eukaryotes in shallow freshwater systems, using molecular methods targeting the 18S rRNA gene of planktonic cells in the 0.2-5 µm size range. We first focused on haptophytes, an important group in marine environments but much less known in freshwaters. We explored their diversity using newly designed specific primers to amplify haptophyte 18S rRNA genes, followed by their subsequent cloning and Sanger sequencing in seventeen continental ecosystems and in two marine water columns to allow comparisons between different environments, as well as using 454-pyrosequencing in 4 ponds and one brook during a 2-years monthly survey. Even if freshwater haptophytes were less diverse than marine lineages, we revealed the presence of a divergent lineage belonging to the Isochrysidales never recorded so far, which presented a marked seasonality. Freshwater phylotypes were usually distinct from their marine counterparts, and confirmed the occurrence of multiple marine–freshwater transitions in haptophyte evolution. In a second step, we explored the microbial eukaryote diversity in 5 distinct shallow ecosystems sampled at spring and that differ in size, shape and surrounding environment, by 454-pyrosequencing their 18S rDNA. Diversity was high in the studied systems, with sequences affiliated to the 7 recognized eukaryotic supergroups (Archaeplastida, Stramenopiles, Alveolata, Rhizaria, Excavata, Amoebozoa and Opisthokonta) as well as groups of unresolved phylogenetic position including, among others, Cryptophyta, Haptophyta, Centroheliozoa or Katablepharida. Especially, we detected OTUs affiliated to the previously thought exclusively marine lineage MAST-3 (MArine STramenopiles), and potentially to other MAST groups with no known representative from freshwaters. Small eukaryote community structures were different in the five ecosystems. Differences in community compositions did not correlate with geographical distances (Mantel test), and multivariate statistical analyses did not reveal clear relationships between any group distribution and specific environmental parameters. Then, we conducted a 2-years survey of eukaryotic micro-organisms diversity in the same 5 small ecosystems. To do so, we collected plankton and measured several physical and chemical parameters on a monthly basis, except for two systems when they were totally dry. The total diversity encountered during the 24 months was much broader than that identified in the previous snapshot study. The most abundant detected groups were Cryptophytes, Ciliates, Chrysophytes and Fungi sensu stricto. Community structures and compositions were different in the five systems along the two years. In all systems, communities were highly dynamic, and revealed a marked seasonality, notably with summer and winter communities being always distinct. Multivariate statistical analyses were used to analyze simultaneously physico-chemical data and community compositions. The clearest correlation associated fungi distribution and high conductivity. Finally, we described the dynamics of small-eukaryote communities in a pond and a brook through drought events. We collected sediment on the system beds when they were dry, and plankton the rest of time. Communities in the sediment and in the water presented distinct signatures. Surface water communities presented (a high) resilience, and recovered a planktonic signature within a month after the systems were filled up again with water
Boutoux, Guillaume. „Sections efficaces neutroniques via la méthode de substitution“. Phd thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654677.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaillot, Nadège. „Distribution de la masse individuelle du grain de blé tendre : analyse de la variabilité de la masse en fonction de la position au sein de l'épi“. Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC071.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs the increase in cultivated areas can only be limited, increasing yield is the main way to meet the growing demand for wheat production. Part of this increase may come from the selection of more efficient varieties. They will have to be able to maintain a high level of performance in more unfavourable conditions related to global change. Thousand grain weight is one of the main yield components. It is estimated at the plot scale and represents the average value of a large number of grains. However, there is a large variability in the individual mass of the grains according to their position within the ear. Observing only average values could hide a source of genetic variability that would allow breeding for wheat varieties better adapted to the new climatic constraints imposed by global change. The objective of this work is therefore to identify the ecophysiological determinism of the variability of the individual grain mass as a function of their position within the ear.This study is based on two experiments: the first, conducted in the field at two levels of nitrogen fertilization in 2014, allowed to characterize the mass distribution, to define a methodology for studying this distribution, and to identify contrasting genotypes in order to give a generic character to the results obtained. Two varieties were chosen to test in the second experimentation under controlled conditions, several hypotheses that could be at the origin of the variability of the final dry mass of the grains.Results showed a parabolic distribution of final dry mass of the grains along the ear. Moreover, the proximal grains were heavier than the distal grains within a spikelet. The ablation of spikelets did not highlight physical constraints between spikelets that could explain the variability in final dry matter of the grains. The delay in flowering dates and the duration of grain filling did not seem to explain the variability observed. Similarly, no correlation between the size of ovaries at flowering and the final dry mass of the grains was showed. The differences in final dry mass observed along the ear was finally related to differences in grain growth rate. This work highlighted differences in sink strength within the ear, and enabled to identify parameters that could affect these differences. We hypothesize that the allocation of assimilates between grains is the emerging property of relative sink strength that would express themselves differently between spikelets and between grains of the same spikelet. The next step after this work would therefore be to validate this hypothesis, and to determine all the parameters influencing the final dry mass in order to define, test and validate rules for the allocation of carbon within the grain according to its position in the ear. The underlying objective is to create a mechanistic and dynamic model capable of simulating the impacts of environmental and genetic factors on individual grain dry mass
Vaitelytė, Birutė. „Patterns of distribution of insect pests (Ceutorhynchus spp., dasineura brassicae) on stems and pods of winter and spring oil seed rape crops and damage done by these pests“. Doctoral thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20141124_140853-79060.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTyrimų tikslas. Nustatyti kopūstinių stiebinių paslėptastraublių (Ceutorhynchus pallidactylus), ankštarinių paslėptastraublių (C. obstrictus) ir ankštarinių gumbauodžių (Dasineura brassicae) plitimo ir vystymosi ypatumus žieminiuose ir vasariniuose rapsuose bei žalingumą, palyginti skirtingo poveikio insekticidų efektyvumą ir nustatyti optimalų insekticidų naudojimo laiką nuo šių kenkėjų. Tyrimų uždaviniai. 1. Nustatyti žieminių ir vasarinių rapsų pasėliuose plintančių paslėptastraublių (Ceutorhynchus spp.) rūšių gausumą ir įvairovę. 2. Ištirti kopūstinių stiebinių paslėptastraublių (C. pallidactylus) biologiją (suaugėlių migracijos aktyvumą, embrioninį ir poembrioninį vystymąsi) žieminiuose ir vasariniuose rapsuose, įvertinti šių kenkėjų žalingumą. 3. Nustatyti ankštarinių paslėptastraublių (C. obstrictus) suaugėlių paplitimo, embrioninio ir poembrioninio vystymosi ypatumus žieminiuose ir vasariniuose rapsuose bei jų žalingumą. 4. Ištirti ankštarinių gumbauodžių (Dasineura brassicae) biologiją, nustatyti jų žalingumą bei vystymosi ypatumus žieminiuose ir vasariniuose rapsuose. 5. Nustatyti skirtingo poveikio insekticidų biologinį ir ūkinį efektyvumą ir optimalų jų naudojimo laiką nuo stiebų (C. pallidactylus) ir ankštarų kenkėjų (C. obstrictus ir D. brassicae) žieminiuose ir vasariniuose rapsuose.
Korkikian, Roman. „Side-channel and fault analysis in the presence of countermeasures : tools, theory, and practice“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE052/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe goal of the thesis is to develop and improve methods for defeating protected cryptosystems. A new signal decompositionalgorithm, called Hilbert Huang Transform, was adapted to increase the efficiency of side-channel attacks. This technique attempts to overcome hiding countermeasures, such as operation shuffling or the adding of noise to the power consumption. The second contribution of this work is the application of specific Hamming weight distributions of block cipher algorithms, including AES, DES, and LED. These distributions are distinct for each subkey value, thus they serve as intrinsic templates. Hamming weight data can be revealed by side-channel and fault attacks without plaintext and ciphertext. Therefore these distributions can be applied against implementations where plaintext and ciphertext are inaccessible. This thesis shows that some countermeasures serve for attacks. Certain infective RSA countermeasures should protect against single fault injection. However, additional computations facilitate key discovery. Finally, several lightweight countermeasures are proposed. The proposed countermeasures are based on the antagonist masking, which is an operation occurring when targeting data processing, to intelligently mask the overall power consumption
Tso-Dong, Fann, und 范佐東. „Distribution and functional operation of the irrigation ponds on taoyuan plateau“. Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41761589542854756899.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立臺灣師範大學
地理研究所
86
Existence of irrigation ponds exhibits a cultural but not a natural landscape on Taoyuan Plateau. This particular landscape is resulted from the interaction between the factors of living style, social organization, technology, and the natural environment in the area. In other words, it is a functional relationship of these factors that might consture the landscape of irrigation ponds on the Plateau. This research attempts to probe into the spocial landscape of irrigation ponds on the Plateau through the concept of landscape confeguration and system function to find out the major factors that affect the distribution of irrigation ponds as well as their functional operation. The findings are as follows: 1. Period of private irrigation ponds Owing to the special natural environment and to the needs of irrigation water for rice paid, the spread of irrigation ponds reflected the process of land reclamation before the completion of Taoyuan Canal. In this period, because of the old social organization and of lacking advanced engineering techniques, the private ponds usually built on the slope area for saving rain water are numerous and small. General speaking, the dimension and the distribution of the ponds are primarily governed by the rainfall and the slope terrain of the natural enveronment. 2. Period of public irrigation ponds After the completion of Taoyuan Canal in 1928 and the built of Shimen Canal in 1964, operational irrigation ponds are no longer limited to the slope area for collecting rain water. Consequently, the type of the ponds becomes public and larger as opposite to private and small in the past. However, due to the advancement of engineering techniques and the change of social organization, the number of irrigation ponds decreases as it shifts from sea-shore toward inland. To sum up, the landscape of irrigation ponds on Taoyuan Plateau is the result of the interacting factors between the living style, social organization, technology and the natural environment. The changes in functional relationship could be recognized by the types and the distribution of ponds, on the opposite, the changes of their types and distribution might represent the changes in functional relationship as well as the change of culture landscape in the studied region.keywords: irrigation ponds , cultural landscape , functional relationship , configuration and distribution , functional operation
Lauzière, Séléna. „Perception de la force musculaire et de la distribution du poids lors d’activités motrices chez le sujet sain“. Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4558.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleResults of recent studies support the idea that perception of force would have an important role in performing functional tasks such as sit-to-stand (STS). However, very few studies have focused on the quantification of the accuracy with which healthy individuals are able to perceive muscular force. Furthermore, no study has assessed the perception of weight-bearing distribution during the STS in healthy individuals. The purpose of this study was to provide evidence on the capacity to perceive muscular force and weight-bearing distribution in simple and complex tasks in healthy individuals. This study was conducted with 31 individuals, divided into two main age groups (<50 years > 60 years). Its first objective was to quantify the errors in perception of force during a static contraction of knee extensors and to compare these errors between young and elderly groups. Results showed that the absolute and raw errors are greater for force levels higher than 50% of maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) and that raw errors are greater in young participants for high force levels. This study’s second objective was to assess the effect of different sensorimotor references on the magnitude of errors of force perception. The results showed that a reference of 50% MVC presented to the participant beforehand or a simultaneous contraction of hand grip muscles reduced the raw and absolute errors of perception at the level of 70% MVC. A third objective was to quantify the errors of perception of weight-bearing distribution during STS and to measure the effect of age on these errors. The results showed that younger and elderly participants have an ability to perceive their weight-bearing distribution with absolute and raw errors varying respectively from 2.9% to 9.4% and from -5.7% to 5.7%. The intra-class correlation coefficient was higher than 0.75 between the weight-bearing distribution produced and that perceived during STS. The results contribute to extend knowledge about perception of force and weight bearing distribution in young and elderly healthy individuals. This data will be used for comparison in studies conducted with hemiparetic individuals in order to assess if the latter have perceptual problems which may explain the recurrent asymmetry they present in functional tasks.
Namayandeh, Armin. „Diversity and distribution of benthic invertebrates in lakes and ponds of Nunavut, Arctic, Canada /“. 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR51568.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTypescript. Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR51568
LU, PEI-SUI, und 呂佩珍. „The isolation of pectins from snap bean pods and the study neutral sugar distribution“. Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35600596857824717566.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWu, Chia-Chen, und 吳佳真. „The Correlation between Flow Field and Dissolved Oxygen Distribution of the Aeration Equipment in the Ponds“. Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/84072936904886739593.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立臺灣大學
生物環境系統工程學研究所
98
Water quality in open ponds is vulnerable to be affected by external factors, in order to control the stability of water quality, practitioners in relevant industry consider that replacement water is the most effective way. To avoid excessive waste of water resources in order to balance the management of the breeding environment, and ensure adequate supply and distribution of oxygen to stabilize one of the key water quality. Therefore, in the ponds to set a variety of oxygen equipment as the main method. This study investigates the micro-bubble and paddlewheel oxygen equipment for CFdesign simulation, and Chiayi, Ilan field measurement test. Of the configuration, use the number and configuration of the quantity of horsepower, flow fields on the ponds, the impact velocity and dissolved oxygen distribution. The simulation of flow fields, velocity distribution area percentage, divided into red zone, the Green Zone and dead spots, as measured partition of the reference site, to understand the different equipment in the velocity difference partitions, and to explore the aeration efficiency of oxygen equipment and equipment economy. The field test results from Chiayi and Ilan show that ponds, the higher the proportion of dead spots, the lower the stirring capacity of water, the dissolved oxygen is also driven lower. paddlewheel velocity distribution by the surface and the water level more visible, dead spots of the total area of 28.6 ~ 50.7%, micro-bubble velocity distribution by the bottom water layer is obvious, dead spots of the total area of 36.1 ~ 97.9% shows that paddlewheel made body of water capacities than tankers stirred micro bubble machine. Comparison of two kinds of oxygen equipment efficiency to the scene of the micro-bubble best, the standard oxygen transfer efficiency is 3.47 kgO2/hr, paddlewheel, compared with 2.47 kgO2/hr.
Chen, Ying-Ru, und 陳瀅茹. „Studies on the Relationship Between Landscape Structure and Species Distribution in Farm Ponds at Mudstone Areas“. Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58311031469697742678.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle國立中興大學
水土保持學系所
96
In the past, farmers stored rainwater into the farm ponds for irrigation, on the other hand; its unrecoverable eco-environment and value of ecological transition were neglected usually. Moreover, the southwest area of Taiwan always lacks ground water for the influence of physical and chemistry, so it has many farm ponds. Therefore, this study focuses on researching the relation between the species distribution of farm ponds and the landscape structure at Neopu village in Tainan County. In this study, this research first follows the theory of landscape ecology to investigate birds, amphibians and reptiles on-site, to classify the land, and to operate the Geographic Information System. In addition, from the landscape structure index and the comparison of Pearson''s correlation coefficient, this research analyzes the connection with the types of farm ponds at mudstone area. Besides, for saving the preserve in the future, we maybe focus on the farm ponds that investigators can not be reached, and use the hot-spot diversity of ecology to preserve the farm ponds in order. This results shows that when the farm ponds had bigger area and more irregular contour, the birds, amphibious and reptile species had higher diversity. According to the related analysis of the farm ponds between class level of land use and the birds, amphibious and reptile species, farmland and road have influence their species. And there is an overall positive influence on ecological clustering in the forest land, meadow, mudstone area and water around farm ponds.The results also shows the effectiveness of landscape level index to the hot-spot of biodiversity. TA(Total Area)is primary, SHEI(Shannon''s Evenness Index)is the second, LNP(Landscape Patch Number)is the third. This result provides the reference resources in the farm ponds that ecological community the investigators is unable to reach. Finally, this research finds the hotspots of farm ponds’ according to the analysis result. This strategy will help preventing farm ponds of biodiversity hotspots from disappearing due to the countryside construction, affecting the balance of ecosystem. Also, then obtains the goal of protecting the ecological variety and ecological balance at Neopu Village.
Levert, Luc. „Distribution par filtration sur gel de la matière organique dissoute en fonction du poids moléculaire nominal dans trois types d'eau du Saguenay“. Thèse, 1990. http://constellation.uqac.ca/1537/1/1465471.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTherrien, Fanny. „Caractérisation du lien entre le statut pondéral et l'axe corticotrope : contribution de la distribution du tissu adipeux et des comportements alimentaires /“. 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24566/24566.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAnglais ou français ; avec des résumés en anglais et en français. Bibliogr.: f. 213-237. Publié aussi en version électronique dans la Collection Mémoires et thèses électroniques.