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1
Toward a critical politics of teacher thinking: Mapping the Postmodern. Westport, Conn: Bergin & Garvey, 1993.
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1953-, Miller Hugh T., Hrsg. Postmodern public administration: Toward discourse. Thousand Oaks, Calif: Sage Publications, 1995.
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3
Hintikka, Jaakko. What if-- ?: Toward excellence in reasoning. Mountain View, Ca: Mayfield Pub., 1991.
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Pirttilä-Backman, Anna-Maija. The social psychology of knowledge reassessed: Toward a new delineation of the field with empirical substantiation. Helsinki: Suomalainen Tiedeakatemia, 1993.
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5
Amsler, Mark. The Medieval Life of Language. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463721929.
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The Medieval Life of Language: Grammar and Pragmatics from Bacon to Kempe explores the complex history of medieval pragmatic theory and ideas and metapragmatic awareness across social discourses. Pragmatic thinking about language and communication is revealed in grammar, semiotics, philosophy, and literature. Part historical reconstruction, part social history, part language theory, Amsler supplements the usual materials for the history of medieval linguistics and discusses the pragmatic implications of grammatical treatises on the interjection, Bacon’s sign theory, logic texts, Chaucer’s poetry, inquisitors’ accounts of heretic speech, and life-writing by William Thorpe and Margery Kempe. Medieval and contemporary pragmatic theory are contrasted in terms of their philosophical and linguistic orientations. Aspects of medieval pragmatic theory and practice, especially polysemy, equivocation, affective speech, and recontextualization, show how pragmatic discourse informed social controversies and attitudes toward sincere, vague, and heretical speech. Relying on Bakhtinian dialogism, critical discourse analysis, and conversation analysis, Amsler situates a key period in the history of linguistics within broader social and discursive fields of practice.
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Lacey, Margaret D'Amico. AN EXAMINATION OF THE DISPOSITION TOWARD CRITICAL THINKING AND CRITICAL THINKING ABILITY OF ASSOCIATE DEGREE AND BACCALAUREATE NURSING STUDENTS AND NURSING FACULTY. 1996.
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Hillman, David. Philosophical Sex. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190698515.003.0004.
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This essay argues that we need to give more thought to sex in Hamlet—to broaden our thinking beyond the critical consensus regarding the protagonist’s “loathing” of sexuality. I suggest that Hamlet’s antisexual disposition is part not only of his investment in a bounded, isolated self, but also of his concomitant bias toward an epistemology that figures knowledge under the sign of possessive dominion. This means that we can apprehend sex philosophically (and philosophy sexually). This essay understands sex, following Jean-Luc Nancy, as an invitation to unknow, to let go of the sovereignty we habitually impose upon things, experiences, bodies. For most of the play, Hamlet turns down that invitation. But sex isn’t purely degraded in the play; Hamlet suggests a different relation to self-sovereignty and bodily closure, one that embraces both the impossibility of sovereign selfhood and, paradoxically, the prospect that one’s very existence is staked upon this impossibility.
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Two Orientations Toward Human Nature (Ashgate New Critical Thinking in Philosophy). Ashgate Publishing, 2007.
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Schulhauser, Candace Elaine. The effects of literary discussion groups on students' critical thinking ability and attitude toward reading. 1990.
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Fairbrother, Gregory P. Toward Critical Patriotism: Student Resistance to Political Education in Hong Kong and China. Hong Kong University Press, 2003.
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Nunnally, Mark E., Arna Banerjee und Matthew D. McEvoy. A Critical Thinking Approach to the Unstable Patient. Herausgegeben von Matthew D. McEvoy und Cory M. Furse. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190226459.003.0001.
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Several factors unfairly shape the medical community’s approach to crisis. Almost all assertions about adequacy of care are influenced by hindsight bias rather than evidence. Additionally, there is a common misperception that choices are obvious in real time, and that there are simple routes to success and failure. Such factors underscore the truth that clinicians do not think enough about how to think about crises. However, prior to moving toward the specifics of managing any specific perioperative crisis, a framework for how to approach any crisis is needed. Accordingly, this chapter introduces a conceptual map for a critical thinking approach to the unstable patient.
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Grantham, Susan. An ounce of prevention: The effects of critical thinking disposition and message frames on behavioral intent for low-involvement risks. 2003.
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Healy, Paul. Rationality, Hermeneutics And Dialogue: Toward A Viable Postfoundationalist Account Of Rationality (Ashgate New Critical Thinking in Philosophy). Ashgate Publishing, 2005.
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Miller, Hugh T., und Charles J. (Johnson) Fox. Postmodern Public Administration: Toward Discourse. Sage Publications, Inc, 1994.
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Miller, Hugh T., und Charles J. (Johnson) Fox. Postmodern Public Administration: Toward Discourse. Sage Publications, Inc, 1994.
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Hintikka, Jaakko, und James Bachman. What If--: Toward Excellence in Reasoning. Mayfield Publishing Company, 1991.
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Revelation of Asher Levi: Toward Supreme Love in Self -. Lang AG International Academic Publishers, Peter, 2016.
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Walsh, Catherine Mary. CRITICAL THINKING DISPOSITION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN PRACTICE DISCIPLINES (NURSING, EDUCATION, AND BUSINESS) AND NON-PRACTICE DISCIPLINES (ENGLISH, HISTORY, AND PSYCHOLOGY): AN EXPLORATORY STUDY. 1996.
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(Editor), Gerard A. Postiglione, und Tai-Lok Lui (Editor), Hrsg. Toward Critical Patriotism: Student Resistance to Political Education in Hong Kong and China (Hong Kong Culture and Society Series). Hong Kong University Press, 2003.
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20
Berman, Joshua A. A Critical Intellectual History of the Historical-Critical Paradigm in Biblical Studies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190658809.003.0012.
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This chapter seeks to understand the origins of the intellectual commitments that shape the discipline today, and its halting disposition toward empirical models of textual growth. It examines how theorists over three centuries have entertained the most fundamental questions concerning the goals and methods of historical-critical study of the Hebrew Bible. The axioms that governed nineteenth-century German scholarship were at a great divide from those that governed earlier historical-critical scholarship, such as that of Spinoza. From there, the chapter offers a brief summary of the claims of contemporary scholars who are looking toward empirical models to reconstruct the textual development of Hebrew scriptures. The chapter concludes by demonstrating how this vein of scholarship undermines an array of nineteenth-century intellectual assumptions, but would have been quite at home in the earlier periods of the discipline’s history, and calling for a return to Spinozan hermeneutics.
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Dobson, James E. Critical Digital Humanities. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042270.001.0001.
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This book seeks to develop an answer to the major question arising from the adoption of sophisticated data-science approaches within humanities research: are existing humanities methods compatible with computational thinking? Data-based and algorithmically powered methods present both new opportunities and new complications for humanists. This book takes as its founding assumption that the exploration and investigation of texts and data with sophisticated computational tools can serve the interpretative goals of humanists. At the same time, it assumes that these approaches cannot and will not obsolete other existing interpretive frameworks. Research involving computational methods, the book argues, should be subject to humanistic modes that deal with questions of power and infrastructure directed toward the field’s assumptions and practices. Arguing for a methodologically and ideologically self-aware critical digital humanities, the author contextualizes the digital humanities within the larger neo-liberalizing shifts of the contemporary university in order to resituate the field within a theoretically informed tradition of humanistic inquiry. Bringing the resources of critical theory to bear on computational methods enables humanists to construct an array of compelling and possible humanistic interpretations from multiple dimensions—from the ideological biases informing many commonly used algorithms to the complications of a historicist text mining, from examining the range of feature selection for sentiment analysis to the fantasies of human subjectless analysis activated by machine learning and artificial intelligence.
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Williams, George W., Navneet Kaur Grewal und Marc J. Popovich, Hrsg. Anesthesiology Critical Care Board Review. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190908041.001.0001.
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Focused preparation for Critical Care Certification is needed to ensure success. The Anesthesiology Critical Care Certification examination in particular provides an objective assessment from the perspective of physicians who have a keen perioperative mindset and skillset, while simultaneously demonstrating comfort in caring for patients from every background and co-morbidity as all such patients frequently eventually require pre-operative or post-operative management. The Anesthesiology Critical Care board review provides Critical Care Examination style stems with an emphasis on being oriented toward Anesthesiology Critical Care certification, though examination preparation for the Internal Medicine (Pulmonary Critical Care), Neurocritical Care and Surgical Critical Care could easily be achieved with this text as part of one’s preparation strategy. The authors provide clinical vignettes with realistic images and values to test one’s diagnostic and critical thinking approach to the perioperative patient. Furthermore, every chapter is authored by a physician board certified in critical care medicine. While most authors are anesthesiologists, our text includes content from intensivists with core training in Surgery and Neurology in order to provide a well-rounded perspective on the cases in this book. Much like ICU rounds, this book is systems based and covers the keywords listed by the American Board of Anesthesiology for certification in Critical Care Medicine. Finally, as each area of content is covered, reference materials are available for the reader to gain further expertise in each topical area. The author’s goal is the impart this text to the reader as a formidable tool for Critical Care Examination Preparation.
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Thayer, Willy. Technologies of Critique. Übersetzt von John Kraniauskas. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823286744.001.0001.
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Critique—a program of thought as well as a disposition toward the world—is a crucial resource for politics and thought today, yet it is again and again instrumentalized by institutional frames and captured by market logics. This book elaborates a critical practice that eludes such capture. Building on Chile's history of dissident artists and the central entangling of politics and aesthetics, the book engages continental philosophical traditions, from Aristotle, Descartes and Heidegger through Walter Benjamin and Gilles Deleuze, and in implicit conversation with the Judith Butler, Roberto Esposito, and Bruno Latour, to help pinpoint the technologies and media through which art intervenes critically in socio-political life.
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Machery, Edouard. Postscript. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807520.003.0009.
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Debates about the limits of philosophical knowledge go way back, and philosophers fall roughly into two distinct traditions. Some, like Plato, Aristotle, Descartes, and Leibniz, are optimistic about the reach of philosophizing; others, like Hume, Dewey, and James, incline toward thinking that philosophical knowledge is limited and emphasize the critical role of philosophy: On their view, philosophy corrects erroneous, empty, or misleading ideas. Each tradition is of course quite diverse, but each is also unified by its optimism or pessimism about philosophical knowledge. ...
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Benedict, Cathy. Music and Social Justice. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190062125.001.0001.
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This book challenges and reframes traditional ways of addressing many of the topics we have come to think of as social justice. Offering practical suggestions for helping both teachers and students think philosophically (and thus critically) about the world around them, each chapter engages with important themes through music making and learning as it presents scenarios, examples of dialogue with students, unit ideas, and lesson plans geared toward elementary students (ages 6–14). Taken-for-granted subjects often considered sacrosanct or beyond the understanding of elementary students, such as friendship, racism, poverty, religion, and class, are addressed and interrogated in a way that honors the voice and critical thinking of the elementary student. Suggestions are given that help both teachers and students to pause, reflect, and redirect dialogue with questions that uncover bias, misinformation, and misunderstandings that too often stand in the way of coming to know and embracing difference. Guiding questions, which anchor many curricular mandates, are used throughout in order to scaffold critical and reflective thinking beginning in the earliest grades of elementary music education. Where does social justice reside? Whose voice is being heard, and whose is being silenced? How do we come to think of and construct poverty? How is it that musics become used the way they are used? What happens to songs initially intended for socially driven purposes when their significance is undermined? These questions and more are explored, encouraging music teachers to embrace a path toward socially just engagements at the elementary level.
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Berger, Jason. Xenocitizens. Fordham University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823287758.001.0001.
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Sociality under the sign of liberalism has seemingly come to an end—or, at least, is in dire crisis. Xenocitizens returns to the antebellum United States in order to intervene in a wide field of responses to our present economic and existential precarity. In this incisive study, Berger challenges a shaken but still standing scholarly tradition based on liberal-humanist perspectives. Through the concept of xenocitizen, a synthesis of the terms “xeno,” which connotes alien or stranger, and “citizen,” which signals a naturalized subject of a state, the book uncovers realities and possibilities that have been foreclosed by dominant paradigms. Xenocitizens glimpses how antebellum writers formulated, in response to varying forms of oppression and crisis, startlingly unique ontological and social models for thinking about personhood and sociality as well as unfamiliar ways to exist and to leverage change. Today, the old liberal-national model of citizen is not only problematic, but also tactically anachronistic. And yet, standard liberal assumptions that undergird the fading realities of humanist and democratic traditions often linger within emerging scholarly work that seeks to move past them. Innovatively reorienting our thinking about traditional nineteenth-century figures such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, and Henry David Thoreau as well as formative writers such as Harriet Beecher Stowe, William Wells Brown, and Martin Delany, Xenocitizens offers us a new nineteenth century—pushing our imaginative and critical thinking toward new terrain.
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Ford, Elizabeth, und Merrill Rotter. Landmark Cases in Forensic Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199344659.001.0001.
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This online resource brings together concise, comprehensive summaries of the most important ‘landmark’ legal decisions relating to mental health practice in the United States. These decisions, along with their underlying reasonings, make up a critical portion of the national certification examination for forensic psychiatry offered by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN). Many of the themes are also tested in the ABPN certification examination for general psychiatry. This resource is the first to provide a combination of summaries of the relevant legal content paired with board-style test questions designed to help consolidate knowledge and prepare for certification. Cases with similar themes are grouped together with an eye toward helping the reader understand the evolution of legal and clinical thinking on a particular topic.
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Hanlon, Christopher. Emerson's Memory Loss. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190842529.001.0001.
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Emerson’s Memory Loss is about an archive of texts documenting Emerson’s intellectual state during the final phase of his life, as he underwent dementia. It is also about the way these texts provoke a rereading of the more familiar canon of Emerson’s thinking. Emerson’s memory loss, Hanlon argues, contributed to the shaping of a line of thought in America that emphasizes the social over the solipsistic, the affective over the distant, the many over the one. Emerson regarded his output during the time when his patterns of cognition transformed profoundly as a regathering of focus on the nature of memory and of thinking itself. His late texts theorize Emerson’s experience of senescence even as they disrupt his prior valorizations of the independent mind teeming with self-sufficient conviction. But still, these late writings have succumbed to a process of critical forgetting—either ignored by scholars or denied inclusion in Emerson’s oeuvre. Attending to a manuscript archive that reveals the extent to which Emerson collaborated with others—especially his daughter, Ellen Tucker Emerson—to articulate what he considered his most important work even as his ability to do so independently waned, Hanlon measures the resonance of these late texts across the stretch of Emerson’s thinking, including his writing about Margaret Fuller and his meditations on streams of thought that verge unto those of his godson, William James. Such ventures bring us toward a self defined less by its anxiety of overinfluence than by its communality, its very connectedness with myriad others.
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Rotter, Merrill, Heather Cucolo und Jeremy Colley, Hrsg. Landmark Cases in Forensic Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190914424.001.0001.
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Landmark Cases in Forensic Psychiatry 2nd edition brings together concise, comprehensive summaries of the most important ‘landmark’ legal decisions relating to mental health practice in the United States. These decisions, along with their underlying reasonings, make up a critical portion of the national certification examination for forensic psychiatry offered by the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology (ABPN). Many of the themes are also tested in the ABPM certification examination for general psychiatry. This text is the first to provide a combination of summaries of the relevant legal content paired with board-style test questions designed to help consolidate knowledge and prepare for certification. Cases with similar themes are grouped together with an eye toward helping the reader understand the evolution of legal and clinical thinking on a particular topic.
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Fairchild, Amy L., und Ron Bayer. Public Health with a Punch: Fear, Stigma, and Hard-Hitting Media Campaigns. Herausgegeben von Brenda Major, John F. Dovidio und Bruce G. Link. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190243470.013.25.
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The conventional perspective that fear is a bad motivator for behavioral change, so critical to public health, is both an empirical observation and a moral judgment. This chapter challenges the belief that fear cannot work and is, indeed, counterproductive. The chapter then turns to the ethical debate, which for years was shaped by bioethics. The chapter concludes by arguing that the perspective of bioethics, so centrally concerned with the individual, provides an inadequate moral frame for thinking about fear-based campaigns. Instead, the chapter proposes the notion of public health ethics, which has as its grounding principle the enhancement of population well-being. Fear-based campaigns may be morally legitimate once the population benefits are clearly articulated and the potential social costs carefully evaluated in a process that is open, transparent, and engages the populations toward whom fear-based campaigns will be directed.
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de Saint Aubert, Emmanuel. Rereading the Later Merleau-Ponty in the Light of his Unpublished Work. Herausgegeben von Dan Zahavi. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755340.013.24.
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Access to a large number of unpublished manuscripts allows us to follow the continuity of Merleau-Ponty’s thought from his first to his last writings, to uncover its double critical constitution, anti-Cartesian and anti-Sartrean, and to understand the status of this philosophy of the flesh as it establishes itself as ontology. This philosophy is geared toward a never-abandoned methodological challenge to grasp humanity first as another manner of being a body, the challenge of thinking a corporeity which is always already, in the very principle of its animation, intercorporeity. Through his continual pursuit of a phenomenology of perception, its insistence on the motifs of depth, the inexhaustible, the invisible, and incompletion, Merleau-Ponty’s carnal ontology proceeds in the discovery of the common negativity of human beings and the world, of myself and others, which affects its conception of being.
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Kasperbauer, T. J. Subhuman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695811.001.0001.
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This book provides an account of the moral psychology behind our attitudes to animals. Its main thesis is that behind both our positive and negative attitudes to animals is an underlying concern that animals pose a threat to our humanness. The book takes an interdisciplinary approach, drawing from research in philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, law, history, sociology, economics, and anthropology. The main thesis of the book is developed by looking at recent research on the phenomenon of dehumanization. Though dehumanization research is often applied only to human groups, it is argued that dehumanization also has implications for how we think about animals. The book provides a critical survey of leading theories about the role of animals in human evolutionary history, the psychology of meat-eating and keeping animals as pets, feelings of fear and disgust toward animals, the use of animal minds to determine their moral status, and the “expanding moral circle” hypothesis. Strategies are also offered for revising our attitudes toward animals and for thinking about the implications of psychological obstacles in meeting our moral obligations to animals. Chapters 2–5 present a new picture of the moral psychology behind our attitudes to animals. Chapters 6–8 lay out an account of how we should think about ethical issues concerning animals, given the psychological details provided in chapters 2–5.
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Huntjens, Patrick, Ting Zhang und Katharina Nachbar. Climate Change and Implications for Security and Justice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805373.003.0007.
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This chapter examines state-of-the art research and thinking on the implications of climate change for security and justice, clarifying the linkages between them and identifying key governance challenges. Climate justice is about protecting the rights of the most vulnerable and sharing the burdens and benefits of climate change and responses to it equitably and fairly, at the state level as well as beyond the state, while safeguarding the rights of future generations. Broader conceptions of climate security as human security have prevailed, and no trend toward greater militarization of climate action is evident, but successful mitigation and adaptation strategies will be critical components of future peacebuilding work. The chapter ends with recommendations that provide potential pathways for policy and governance reform at multiple levels, both to make multilevel climate governance more fit for purpose, and to better anticipate and address the predicted security and justice implications of climate change.
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von Stackelberg, Katharine T., und Elizabeth Macaulay-Lewis, Hrsg. Housing the New Romans. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190272333.001.0001.
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This volume investigates how appropriation and allusion facilitated the reception of Classical Greece and Rome and ancient Egypt through place-making, specifically through the requisition and redeployment of Classicizing and Egyptianizing tropes to create Neo-Antique sites of “dwelling” and place-making oriented toward private life (houses, hotels, clubs, tombs, and gardens) in the late eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. The essays cover both European and American iterations of place-making, including the Hôtel de Beauharnais, Paris; Sir John Soane’s houses in London and Ealing; Charles Garnier’s L’Histoire de l’habitation humaine at the 1889 Exposition Universelle, Paris; Woodlawn Cemetery, New York City; the Congress Hotel in Chicago; and the Getty Villa, Malibu. Collectively these essays consider all aspects of architectural reception regarding domestic space, from architectural facades to domestic interiors and landscaped exteriors (or greenscapes). Combining the textual analysis of reception studies with material evidence of art and archaeology, the volume advocates for a new way of thinking about the reception of ancient architecture: the Neo-Antique, rather than the Neoclassical and Neo-Egyptian. It provides a variety of critical interpretative frameworks that can apply to the study of architectural reception including “art as agency,” material culture, archaeological analysis, “aberrant decoding,” and hyperreality.
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Snow, Nancy E., Hrsg. The Oxford Handbook of Virtue. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199385195.001.0001.
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This volume provides a representative overview of philosophical work on virtue. It is divided into seven parts: conceptualizations of virtue, historical and religious accounts, contemporary virtue ethics and theories of virtue, central concepts and issues, critical examinations, applied virtue ethics, and virtue epistemology. Forty-two chapters by distinguished contributors offer insights and directions for further research. The volume is unique in bringing together work on virtue ethics and virtue epistemology, thereby providing an overview of the most recent thinking on virtue in the field of philosophy. It explores writing on virtue in the work of western historical figures such as Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Hume, Nietzsche, Kant, and the utilitarians, and includes chapters on Islamic, Christian, Buddhist, and Confucian and Neo-Confucian approaches to virtue ethics. Chapters on neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics and alternatives to it, such as sentimentalism, are also included, as well as work in applied virtue ethics in areas such as medical ethics, business ethics, environmentalism, jurisprudence, sexual ethics, and communication ethics. Objections to virtue ethics and central virtue ethical themes, such as motivation, are also addressed. Chapters on key virtue epistemological themes are also featured in the volume, and a nod toward the emerging field of applied virtue epistemology is given.
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Wiener, Harvey S. Any Child Can Read Better. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195102185.001.0001.
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Reading, however fundamental the task may seem to everyday life, is a complex process that takes years to master. Yet, learning to read in the early stages is not an overwhelming problem for most children, especially when their classroom learning is coupled with a nurturing home environment in which reading is cherished, and pencil and paper are always available and fun to use. In fact, studies have shown that children score higher in reading if their parents support and encourage them at home. Unfortunately, though many parents want to involve themselves actively in their children's education, very few know just what to do. Now Dr. Harvey S. Wiener, author of the classic Any Child Can Write, provides an indispensable guide for parents who want to help their children enter the magic realm of words. In Any Child Can Read Better, Second Edition, Dr. Wiener offers practical advice on how to help children make their way through the maze of assignments and exercises related to classroom reading. In this essential book, parents learn how to be "reading helpers" without replacing or superseding the teacher--by supporting a child's reading habits and sharing the pleasures of fiction, poetry, and prose. Home learning parents also will find a wealth of information here. Through comfortable conversation and enjoyable exercises that tap children's native abilities, parents can help their child practice the critical thinking and reading skills that guarantee success in the classroom and beyond. For example, Dr. Wiener explains how exercises such as prereading warm-ups like creating word maps (a visual scheme that represents words and ideas as shapes and connects them) will allow youngsters to create a visual format and context before they begin reading. He shows how pictures from a birthday party can be used to create patterns of meaning by arranging them chronologically to allow the party's "story" to emerge, or how they might by arranged by order of importance--a picture of Beth standing at the door waiting for her friends to arrive could be displayed first, Beth blowing out the birthday cake placed toward the middle of the arrangement, and the pictures of Beth opening her gifts, especially the skates she's been begging for all year, would surely go toward the end of the sequence. Dr. Wiener shows how these activities, and many others, such as writing games, categorizing toys or clothes or favorite foods, and reading journals, will help children draw meaning out of written material. This second edition includes a new chapter describing the benefits of encouraging children to keep a journal of their personal reactions to books, the value of writing in the books they own (underlining, writing in the margins, and making a personal index) and a variety of reading activities to help children interact with writers and their books. Dr. Wiener has also expanded and updated his fascinating discussion of recommended books for children of all ages, complete with plot summaries. Written in simple, accessible prose, Any Child Can Read Better offers sensible advice for busy parents concerned with their children's education.