Thematische Bibliographien / Diseases of Tea

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Zeitschriftenartikel
  2. Dissertationen
  3. Bücher
  4. Buchteile
  5. Konferenzberichte
  6. Berichte der Organisationen

Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Diseases of Tea“

Autor: Grafiati
Veröffentlicht am 18. Mai 2024

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

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Dilek, Nursel, Aziz Ramazan Dilek, Yunus Saral und Ahmet Metin. „Skin diseases in tea collectors“. Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 04, Nr. 01 (2014): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2014.41003.

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Shen, Liang. „Tea intake and liver diseases“. Hepatology 53, Nr. 1 (29.07.2010): 373–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.23872.

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Lin, Ji, Di Bai, Renjie Xu und Haifeng Lin. „TSBA-YOLO: An Improved Tea Diseases Detection Model Based on Attention Mechanisms and Feature Fusion“. Forests 14, Nr. 3 (20.03.2023): 619. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14030619.

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Tea diseases have a significant impact on the yield and quality of tea during the growth of tea trees. The shape and scale of tea diseases are variable, and the tea disease targets are usually small, with the intelligent detection processes of tea diseases also easily disturbed by the complex background of the growing region. In addition, some tea diseases are concentrated in the entire area of the leaves, needing to be inferred from global information. Common target detection models are difficult to solve these problems. Therefore, we proposed an improved tea disease detection model called TSBA-YOLO. We use the dataset of tea diseases collected at the Maoshan Tea Factory in China. The self-attention mechanism was used to enhance the ability of the model to obtain global information on tea diseases. The BiFPN feature fusion network and adaptively spatial feature fusion (ASFF) technology were used to improve the multiscale feature fusion of tea diseases and enhance the ability of the model to resist complex background interference. We integrated the Shuffle Attention mechanism to solve the problem of difficult identifications of small-target tea diseases. In addition, we used data-enhancement methods and transfer learning to expand the dataset and relocate the parameters learned from other plant disease datasets to enhance tea diseases detection. Finally, SIoU was used to further improve the accuracy of the regression. The experimental results show that the proposed model is good at solving a series of problems encountered in the intelligent recognition of tea diseases. The detection accuracy is ahead of the mainstream target detection models, and the detection speed reaches the real-time level.
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Ihsan, Candra Nur, Nova Agustina, Muchammad Naseer, Harya Gusdevi, Jack Febrian Rusdi, Ari Hadhiwibowo und Fahmi Abdullah. „Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms in Detecting Tea Leaf Diseases“. Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) 8, Nr. 1 (18.02.2024): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29207/resti.v8i1.5587.

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Tea is one of the top ten export products sent from Indonesia to foreign countries. However, in recent years, the amount of tea leaf exports from Indonesia has decreased, although the value of the export impacts the country’s economic structure. In addition to market competition, Indonesia must maintain tea leaf production so that the increase in export decline is not significant or even increases tea leaf export production. To improve production quality and reduce production costs, early detection of tea leaf diseases is necessary. This study aims to classify tea leaf images for early detection of tea leaf disease so that appropriate treatment can be carried out early. This study compares machine learning algorithms to determine the best algorithm for detecting tea leaf diseases. The algorithms tested as performance comparisons in classifying tea leaf diseases are random forest (RF), support vector classifier (SVC), extra tree classifier (ETC), decision tree (DT), XGBoost classifier (XGB), and convolutional neural algorithms. Network (CNN). As a result, the average accuracy performance generated by ETC produces a higher value than other algorithms, i.e., getting an average accuracy performance of 77.47%. Another algorithm, SVC, has an average accuracy of 76.57%, RF of 76.12%, DT of 65.31%, XGB of 71.62%, and the lowest is CNN of 59.08%. ETC has been proven to be the most superior machine learning algorithm for detecting tea leaf diseases in this study.
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YAMADA, H., und H. WATANABE. „Tea polyphenols in preventing cardiovascular diseases“. Cardiovascular Research 73, Nr. 2 (15.01.2007): 439–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.11.008.

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Wu, Wei. „Identification of tea leaf diseases based on deep transfer learning“. Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems 2, Nr. 3 (13.02.2023): 75–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fcis.v2i3.5218.

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Tea trees are often vulnerable to diseases and insect pests in the process of growth, resulting in the decline of tea production and quality. It is of great significance to identify and prevent tea leaf diseases in time to ensure the steady increase of tea. This study proposes a tea leaf disease identification method based on deep transfer learning, which improves the recognition accuracy of the model through knowledge transfer. Besides, for the unbalanced distribution of the number of samples, the cross-entropy loss function is replaced with the focal loss function, which further improves the identification effect of the model. The experiment shows that the identification model of tea leaf disease proposed in this study can achieve the accuracy of more than 90.42%, which verifies the effectiveness of this research and has important theoretical and practical significance in promoting the development of intelligent agriculture.
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Wan, Yuhe, Yuxin Han, Xinyi Deng und Yingjuan Chen. „Metabolomics Analysis Reveals the Effect of Two Alpine Foliar Diseases on the Non-Volatile and Volatile Metabolites of Tea“. Foods 12, Nr. 8 (07.04.2023): 1568. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081568.

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Blister blight and small leaf spots are important alpine diseases that mainly attack tender tea leaves, affecting tea quality. However, there is limited information on the effect of these diseases on tea’s non-volatile and volatile metabolites. Metabolomic analysis based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, HPLC and GC/MS was used to reveal the characteristic chemical profiles of tea leaves infected with blister blight (BB) and small leaf spots (SS). Flavonoids and monolignols were non-volatile metabolites that were enriched and significantly changed. Six main monolignols involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were significantly induced in infected tea leaves. The accumulation of catechins, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate, (−)-epicatechin gallate, caffeine, amino acids and theanine were significantly decreased in both diseased tea leaves, while soluble sugar, (−)-epigallocatechin and phenol-ammonia were obviously increased. Among them, the amounts of sweet and umami-related soluble sugar, sucrose, amino acids and theanine were much higher in BB, while bitter and astringent taste-related catechins and derivatives were much higher in SS. Volatiles analysis showed that volatiles content in SS and BB was significantly decreased, and styrene was significantly induced in blister blight-infected tea leaves. The results indicate that the type and amount of volatiles were highly and differentially influenced by infection with the two alpine diseases.
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Yen Nhi, Tran Thi, Vo Tan Thanh, Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan, Nguyen Ngoc Quy, Nguyen Thi Mong Tho, Nguyen Thi Bay, Tran Quoc Toan et al. „Studies on Polyphenol Content, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Graviola Tea pulp (Annona muricata L.) from Tien Giang Province, Vietnam“. Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, Nr. 12 (2020): 3075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.22468.

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Tea is the most commonly consumed beverage worldwide due to promote health and prevention of some human diseases. Soursop tea pulp is one of a new product focused on the values of total ascorbic acid (TAA), total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). A study using DPPH and ABTS method to detect the maximum of active ingredients in tea simultaneously. Different pulp tea samples with varying dates of production checked for TAA, TPC, TFC, antioxidation and sensory evaluation. There is a difference in TAA between sample (1) and (4), achieved 7.43 ± 0.04 mg/g DM and 12.21 ± 0.04 mg/g DM, respectively. TFC content ranged between 0.13 and 0.18. The phenolics group in tea is high and there are differences between the 3 recent production samples with (1): 3.81 mg QC/g DM fluctuation. In sample 1, the antioxidant activity of the ethanol extract of Soursop was correlated with total phenolic and flavonoid content with values IC50 of 0.26 mgAA/g DM, 2.61 mgAA/g DM for DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity, respectively. Moreover, the Lab* colour space of the soursop tea is measured in the dark area, the L* difference achieved at 30.82 ± 1.24 (2) lowest and the highest 37.42 ± 4.77 (1). Consumer sensory evaluation is performed with results based on a 5-point scale describing: flavour, aroma, colour and favourite.
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Reygaert, Wanda C. „Green Tea Catechins: Their Use in Treating and Preventing Infectious Diseases“. BioMed Research International 2018 (17.07.2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9105261.

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Green tea is one of the most popular drinks consumed worldwide. Produced mainly in Asian countries from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant, the potential health benefits have been widely studied. Recently, researchers have studied the ability of green tea to eradicate infectious agents and the ability to actually prevent infections. The important components in green tea that show antimicrobial properties are the catechins. The four main catechins that occur in green tea are (-)-epicatechin (EC), (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG), (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC), and (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Of these catechins, EGCG and EGC are found in the highest amounts in green tea and have been the subject of most of the studies. These catechins have been shown to demonstrate a variety of antimicrobial properties, both to organisms affected and in mechanisms used. Consumption of green tea has been shown to distribute these compounds and/or their metabolites throughout the body, which allows for not only the possibility of treatment of infections but also the prevention of infections.
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Fitrasyah, Siti Ika, Ariani Ariani, Nurdin Rahman, Nurulfuadi Nurulfuadi, Ummu Aiman, Devi Nadila, Fendi Pradana, Aulia Rakhman und Diah Ayu Hartini. „Analysis of Chemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata Nees.) Leaf Tea Formula as a Functional Drink in Preventing Coronavirus Diseases and Degenerative Diseases“. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, A (29.04.2021): 196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.5872.

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AIM: The purpose of this study was to develop a tea formula of sambiloto leaves, analyzed the chemical properties (polyphenols, tannins, water, extracts in water, total ash, water soluble ash, water-insoluble ash, insoluble acid ash, and water-soluble ash alkalinity) as well as the antioxidant capacity of the formula. METHODS: This research was divided into two stages. The first stage was the formulation of sambiloto leaves tea and the second stage was the analysis of chemical properties (levels of polyphenols, tannins, water, extracts water, total ash, water soluble ash, water-insoluble ash, insoluble acid ash, and water soluble ash alkalinity) and antioxidant capacity analysis. The analysis was carried out on all of the sambiloto leaves tea formulas to determine the effect of the formulations on chemical properties and antioxidant capacity. This study used Microsoft Excel 2013 in data processing management. RESULTS: The highest extract water was at F4, and the lowest was at F1. Based on the analysis, the formula of sambiloto leaves tea was in the range of 1.026–1.734%. Of all the formulas that have been prepared, sambiloto leaves tea formula F1 was obtained the best chemical and antioxidant properties among all formulas, which were composed of 100% sambiloto leaves, 5% honey, and 45% dates. CONCLUSION: Sambiloto leaves have good antioxidant activity and can be used as a drink in the form of an infusion, such as tea. The result of brewing the sambiloto tea formula has faded green color. The polyphenol content of the sambiloto leaves tea formula still did not meet the Indonesia National Standard (≥5.2%), was 1.5–3.1%.
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Dissertationen zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

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Chen, Juhua, und 陳菊華. „Green tea polyphenols modulate carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury in mice“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242935.

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Bursill, Christina. „Green tea and its catechins modulate cholesterol metabolism in cultured human liver (HepG2) cells and the hypercholesterolaemic rabbit“. Title page, contents and introduction only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pdb9725.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (21 leaves). Previous studies have found that green tea and its antitoxidant constituents, the catechins, are hypocholesterolaemic in both epidemiological and animal intervetion studies. The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the mechanism by which green tea and its most abundant catechin constituent epigallocatechin gallate increase the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor of HepG2 cells. In addition, it was hoped to determine if a crude catechin extract from green tea could lower plasma cholesterol levels in the hypercholesterolaemic rabbit and ascertain if this effect was due to an increase in the LDL receptor. The study provides evidence that green tea and its catechins exhibit hypocholesterolaemic properties and may therefore provide protection against heart disease.
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Kobese, Nokubonga. „Synthesis of silver doped titanium dioxide nanocomposites using tea extract from Aspalathus linearis and evaluation of their antibacterial effects“. University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6779.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Despite the wide success of antimicrobial agents against waterborne pathogens, waterborne disease continues to pose a threat to both mankind and animals. A major concern is that certain bacteria have developed resistance to antimicrobial agents, as a result of their overuse. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles are widely used for antibacterial purposes such as medical dressings. However, they are highly toxic to human cells. Hence, there is a great interest in developing next generation antibacterial nanoparticles that are as effective as Ag nanoparticles for antibacterial functions, while having less toxicity to human cells. Several methods can be used to generate these antimicrobial nanoparticles, one of which is green nanotechnology. Green nanotechnology uses natural plants such as tea to synthesise nanoparticles rather than chemicals, thus reduce human and animal harm and improve sustainability of antibacterial agents. Silver-titanium nano-composites (Ag-TiO2 NCs) were synthesised with the hydrothermal method using a tea extract from Aspalathus linearis (Rooibos, RB), and distilled water in the presence of nitrogen. The resulting structures were characterised with high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). The antibacterial characteristics of these new NCs were evaluated against 3 bacteria: Bacillus cereus, Cupriavidus metallidurans, and Escherichia coli. The optimum processing conditions to produce 6-nm spherical NPs included maintaining the temperature at 90 °C, the pH at 4.35, and using RB extract at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. The size of silver NPs was reduced in acidic conditions, agglomerated in neutral conditions, and highly reduced in alkaline conditions. Increasing the pH decreased the particle size and narrowed the particle size distribution. Gram-positive B. cereus showed slight resistance or tolerance to the Ag-TiO2 nanocomposite compared to the gram-negative bacteria E. coli and C. metallidurans. The treatment concentration required for total inhibition of E. coli and C. metallidurans growth was 100 mg/mL. Supported silver nanoparticles has shown to be a suitable way to obtain highly dispersed silver over higher surface area. This approach allowed Ag-TiO2 nanocomposite to be an efficient bactericide, with less silver amount employed.
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Spies, Christoffel F. J. (Christoffel Frederik Jakobus). „The inoculum ecology of Botrytis cinerea in Rooibos nurseries“. Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20943.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Grey mould, caused by Botrytis cinerea, is the most important foliar disease of rooibos seedlings. Although the disease is primarily controlled with applications of fungicides, the improvement of cultural methods of disease management should lessen this dependence on chemical control. Such improvements would, however, not be possible without knowledge of the inoculum sources and dispersal of the pathogen. The aim of this study was to investigate the inoculum ecology of B. cinerea in rooibos nurseries in order to identify primary sources of inoculum and to improve the environmentally friendly management of the disease. The study was conducted in four nurseries over two production seasons (March to July 2003 and 2004). Levels of airborne inoculum of B. cinerea were monitored on a monthly basis inside and around the nurseries with spore traps. Samples of plant material and organic debris were taken in the corresponding areas to determine the incidence of plant material infected by the pathogen and the incidences of grey mould in the nurseries were recorded. Low numbers of B. cinerea colonies were observed on the spore traps. Similar levels of airborne inoculum were observed inside and around the nurseries. The incidence of plant material yielding B. cinerea was higher outside the nurseries than inside, indicating the importance of such materials as potential sources of inoculum. Since patterns of airborne inoculum observed in this study confirmed reports of the local dispersal of B. cinerea, the removal of possible hosts outside the nurseries could aid in the management of grey mould in rooibos nurseries. Resistance to dicarboximide fungicides is a genetically stable trait in B. cinerea, and therefore has the potential to be used as a phenotypic marker. This marker can be used to gain knowledge on the dispersal of B. cinerea inoculum inside and outside rooibos nurseries. Isolates of B. cinerea collected from the air and from plant material in and around four rooibos nurseries were assessed for resistance to iprodione at 1 and 3 μg/ml a.i. Some of the isolates showed resistance to iprodione at 1 μg/ml a.i. However, none of the isolates showed resistance at 3 μg/ml a.i. iprodione. The initial incidence of dicarboximide-resistance at the nurseries was slightly higher than expected. As the season progressed, the incidence of iprodione-resistant isolates decreased towards May, after which an increase was observed towards July. A relatively high percentage of isolates collected outside the nurseries was found to be dicarboximide-resistant. Two of the nurseries had a significant higher incidence of resistant isolates on plant material collected inside, than on plant material collected outside the nursery. However, when looking at resistance levels of airborne isolates, no significant differences were found in the incidence of resistant isolates sampled inside and outside the four nurseries. The data indicated the importance of organic debris and seed-borne infections in the survival and dispersal of dicarboximide-resistant isolates of the pathogen. With the current emphasis on organic agriculture the knowledge gained in this study presents valuable possibilities of improving the cultural management of grey mould in rooibos nurseries.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vaalvrot, veroorsaak deur Botrytis cinerea, is die belangrikste bo-grondse siekte van rooibossaailinge. Alhoewel die beheer van die siekte hoofsaaklik op die gebruik van fungisiede berus, behoort die verbetering van verbouingspraktyke hierdie afhanklikheid van chemiese beheer te verminder. Sulke verbeteringe sal egter slegs moontlik wees indien voldoende kennis van die inokulumbronne en verspreiding van die patogeen beskikbaar is. Die doel van hierdie ondersoek was om die inokulum ekologie van B. cinerea in rooibos kwekerye te ondersoek sodat primêre inokulumbronne opgespoor en omgewingsvriendelike siektebestuurspraktyke verbeter kan word. Die ondersoek is in vier kwekerye oor twee produksie seisoene (Maart tot Julie 2003 en 2004) uitgevoer. Vlakke van luggedraagde inokulum van B. cinerea is op ’n maandelikse basis met behulp van spoorvangers binne en buite die kwekerye gemonitor. Monsters van plantmateriaal en organiese materiaal is in ooreenstemmende areas geneem om die voorkoms van B. cinerea geïnfekteerde plantmateriaal vas te stel en die voorkoms van vaalvrot in die kwekerye is aangeteken. Min B. cinerea kolonies is op die spoorvangers waargeneem. Soortgelyke vlakke van luggedraagde inokulum is binne en buite die kwekerye waargeneem. Die hoër voorkoms van B. cinerea geïnfekteerde plantmateriaal buite die kwekerye as binne, dui op die belang van sulke materiaal as potensiële inokulumbronne. Aangesien die patrone van luggedraagde inokulum, soos waargeneem in hierdie ondersoek, ander berigte van B. cinerea se beperkte verspreidingsvermoë bevestig, kan die verwydering van moontlike alternatiewe gashere buite die kwekerye die bestuur van die siekte binne die kwekerye verbeter. Weerstand teen dikarboksimied fungisiede is ’n geneties-stabiele kenmerk in B. cinerea en het daarom potensiaal om as ’n fenotipiese merker gebruik te word. Hierdie merker kan gebruik word om kennis aangaande die verspreiding van B. cinerea in en om rooibos kwekerye in te samel. Botrytis cinerea isolate in lug en op plantmateriaal in en om vier rooibos kwekerye is gedurende 2003 en 2004 versamel. Die isolate is vir weerstandbiedendheid teen iprodioon by konsentrasies van 1 en 3 μg/ml aktiewe bestandeel (a.b.) getoets. Isolate met weerstand teen 1 μg/ml a.b. iprodioon is waargeneem, maar nie teen 3 μg/ml nie. Die aanvanklike voorkoms van dikarboksimiedweerstand by die kwekerye was hoër as verwag. Hierdie vlak het egter gedaal met die verloop van die seisoen tot in Mei, waarna ’n toename tot in Julie waargeneem is. Die persentasie dikarboksimied-weerstandbiedende isolate buite die kwekerye was relatief hoog. In twee van die kwekerye was die voorkoms van weerstandbiedende isolate op plantmateriaal in die kwekerye betekenisvol hoër as op plantmateriaal buite die kwekerye. Daar was egter geen betekenisvolle verskille in die voorkoms van luggedraagde weerstandbiedende isolate nie, ongeag van die kwekery of posisie. Die data dui op die belang van organiese materiaal en saadgedraagde infeksies in die oorlewing en verspreiding van dikarboksimied-weerstandbiedende isolate van die patogeen. Met die huidige klem op organiese landbou bied die inligting wat in hierdie ondersoek versamel is moontlike praktyke wat geïmplementeer kan word om die beheer van vaalvrot in kwekerye met behulp van verbouingspraktyke te verbeter.
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Kirana, Chandra. „Bio-active compounds isolated from mistletoe (Scurulla oortiana (Korth.) Danser) parasitizing tea plant (Camellia sinensis L.)“. Title page, contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ak58.pdf.

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Bibliography: leaves 87-96. This thesis investigates non-proteinaceous low molecular weight flavonoid and alkaloid compounds in Scurulla oortiana (Korth.) Danser grown on Camellia sinens. Three flavonols are identified in S. oortiana (Korth.) Danser growing on different hosts. The identification and characterisation of these flavonoids are carried out using various chromatographic and spectrometric procedures. Two purine alkaloids are isolated from and identified in S. oortiana (Korth.) Danser parasitizing tea plant, C. Sinensis. The antifungal activity of the phenolic compounds isolated from mistletoe parasitizing tea plant is examined.
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Kunsevi-Kilola, Carine. „The effect of Rooibos on trace elements absorption and biochemical parameters : a murine model“. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2248.

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Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014.
Over the past few decades, it has been shown that various critical diseases including heart disease, cancer, and diabetes associated with free radical generation and low endogenous antioxidant capacity, lead to oxidative stress and cell injury. In recent years, numerous studies have also reported that antioxidants, present in various beverages, vegetables and some foods have attracted a significant research interest due to their potential benefits to human health. However, epidemiological evidence shows a correlation between the intake of food rich in antioxidants and the reduced incidence of some mortality of chronic diseases, certain cancers and coronary heart disease. The aims of this study were to determine the effects of rooibos teas (fermented and unfermented) and green tea as a comparison on the biochemical parameters and the trace element absorption in a rat model. In this study 4 groups of experimental animals were used. All groups had ad libitum access to standard rat chow. Group A, the controls (11 animals), were fed with tap water; group B (11 animals) were fed with the liquid extract of fermented rooibos tea; group C (9 animals) were fed with the liquid extracts of unfermented rooibos and group 0 (9 animals) were fed with the liquid extract of green tea. All groups were fed for a period of 10 weeks. After the feeding period, the animals were sacrificed by euthanization with intraperitoneal injections of pentobarbital. Blood was sampled by cardiac puncture and centrifuged to obtain the serum. Some elemental analyses were performed with X-ray emission and backscattering. ICP-OES was used to determine the magnesium content. For X-ray emission, backscattering and ICP-OES analyses, 100 µL of each serum sample in a group were added to 2 ml freeze-drying tube. Of the combined specimen, 100 µL was used for the magnesium determination by ICP-OES. The remainder of the combined serum specimens for each group were freeze-dried at -80°C and then pressed into a pellet. The pellet was coated with carbon and analyzed using X-ray emission and backscattering. The elemental X-rays of P, S, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Zn, Mo, Ca and Se emitted were quantified to obtain the respective concentrations. Biochemical chemistry analyses were performed on each serum sample of each animal. The biochemical parameters tested for were total protein, albumin, globulin, total bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, creatine phosphokinase and creatinine.
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朱雯 und Wen Zhu. „The potential roles of nitric oxide in carbon tetrachloride induced liver injury of mice and the protective effects of green teapolyphenols“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31241426.

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Thamahane-Katengua, Emma Tutu Masechela. „Effect of rooibos and red palm oil supplementation, alone or in combination, on cardiac function after exposure to hypertension and inflammation in an ischaemial/reperfusion injury model“. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1520.

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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree Doctor of Technologiae (Biomedical Technology) in the Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology Supervisor: Prof J van Rooyen Co-supervisor: Prof JL Marnewick Bellville October 2013
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is without a doubt one of the most challenging health issues of our time and accounts for the highest number of deaths in both developed and developing countries. Despite the huge strides that have been achieved in the diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of CVD, the disease burden still remains enormous. Therefore, this calls for novel and innovative interventions to curb the surge of CVD. The use of plant based food with bioactive phytochemicals,has a great potential to reduce the incidence of CVD, specifically in resource-strained countries. Red palm oil (RPO) and the indigenous herbal tea, rooibos have previously been shown to exhibit potential cardioprotective effects. Their health promoting properties have largely been attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and emerging evidence also showed that they have the potential to modulate cell signalling events. Substancial scientific evidence proposes oxidative stress and inflammation to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Hence, natural plant extracts such as RPO and rooibos could be recommended as adjuvants to clinical therapy to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with CVD. This thesis reports on three studies investigating the cardiovascular protective effects that chronic feeding of either RPO, rooibos or their combination have on 1) antioxidant enzymes and the NO-cGMP pathway in myocardial tissue of spontaneous hypertensive rats, 2) the modulation of systemic and myocardial inflammation and 3) the myocardial ischaemic/reperfusion tolerance in a rat model of lypopolysaccharide induced inflammation. The aim of the first study was to investigate the effect of RPO on cardiac function in sponteneously hypertensive rats. The role of the nitric oxide cyclic-guanosine monophosphate(NO-cGMP) pathway, (as determined by the nitric oxide (NOS) activity) and the antioxidant defence system (selected antioxidant enzymes) were also investigated. Cardiac function was monitored at stabilization and reperfusion using the Langendorff perfusion system. Antioxidant enzymes were determined from left ventricular tissue, while total NOS activity was determined in the aorta and left ventricular tissue. The results show that RPO offered cardiac protection as evidenced by improved left ventricular developed pressure (LVDevP), maximum velocity of pressure rise (+dp/dt) max and fall (-dp/dt) max during reperfusion in sponteneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared to their control counterparts. Improved function in SHR was associated with increased myocardial superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) protein expression compared to the normotensive rats. There was differential modulation of the NOS activity by RPO, an increase in NOS activity was observed in the aorta while a reduction in the activity of NOS was observed in the left ventricular tissue of both RPO supplemented normotensive and hypertensive rats compared to their respective control groups. These results argue a role for elevated NO production in the aorta for endothelial function maintenance. Increased SOD2 protein might lead to reduced oxidative stress. Thus, NO-cGMP pathway and antioxidant defense systems synergistically acted to restore cardiovascular function in SHR. The aim of the second study was to investigate the effect of RPO and rooibos supplementation on the modulation of systemic and myocardial inflammation in a rat model. As RPO and rooibos contain different types of antioxidants which reside and exert their biological effects in different cellular compartments, the combination of these two natural food compounds has the potential to enhance the spectrum of available dietary antioxidants in different cellular compartments, which could result in a better protection against certain pathological conditions such as inflammation. The Langendorff system and the lypopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory model were used to determine if RPO and rooibos could protect against the negative effect of LPS-induced inflammation on baseline cardiac function. Both inflammation and dietary supplementation did not have any effect on baseline cardiac functional parameters. Our results show that administration of LPS resulted in elevated plasma levels of IL-1β in supplemented and non-supplemented rats indicating that an inflammatory response was triggered in the LPS-treated rats. However, this increase in IL-1β was counteracted by concurrent elevation of plasma IL-10 in LPS-induced rats consuming either rooibos or RPO alone. Furthermore the combination of RPO and rooibos enhanced myocardial IL-10 levels in LPS-induced rats. This data shows a difference in response to LPS injection between the myocardium and the systemic circulation. The results indicate that the combination of these two natural food substances exhibit potential anti-inflammatory properties which could be beneficial in clinically relevant conditions where inflammation plays a role. Having shown that dietary intervention with RPO and rooibos had the potential to modulate the inflammatory response in the model of inflammation at basal conditions, we then proceeded to the third study to specifically establish if dietary RPO when supplemented alone will improve functional recovery and reduce infarct size in LPS-treated hearts. The Langendorff perfusion system was employed for determination of cardiac function and infarct size. The roles of NFkB, p38 MAPK and the myocardial antioxidant defence systems were investigated as potential mechanisms of protection. LPS-treatment caused significant increases in myocardial IL-1 β indicating that inflammation was induced. However, the levels of myocardial IL-10 was reduced in LPS-treated hearts compared to the non-treated hearts. Intervention with dietary RPO resulted in improved functional recovery and reduced infarct size, in both healthy hearts and in the LPS-treatment group. The RPO-induced cardio-protection was associated with increases in myocardial protein expression of the antioxidant enzymes, SOD1, SOD2, GPX1 as well as increased p38 phosphorylation during reperfusion. LPS treatment increased myocardial protein expression of NFkB p65 which was reversed by RPO supplementation. Reduction of myocardial NFkB protein expression, increased p38 phosphorylation and elevated mitochondrial antioxidant (SOD2 and GPX1) as well as cytosolic enzymes (SOD 1) are proposed as potential mechanisms underlying the RPO-induced cardio-protection in this model. Based on these study results, for the first time, having included vasculature aspects in the cardio-protective effects of RPO we have shown that the NO-cGMP pathway and antioxidant defense systems may act synergistically to restore cardiovascular function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Results from the second study also provide the first scientific evidence that RPO in combination with rooibos (a flavonoid rich endemic herbal tea) could have potential anti-inflammatory activities at systemic as well as myocardial level, which may be beneficial in clinically relevant conditions where inflammation plays a role. From the third study it can be concluded that dietary RPO improved myocardial tolerance to ischaemia-reperfusion injury in a model of inflammation.
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Deikun, Larissa Loryn. „The Health and Growth of Veal Calves Provided a Fatty Acid Supplement and a Dry Teat“. The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1563380406594548.

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Ehrnhöfer, Dagmar Elisabeth. „Green tea catechins change the aggregation behavior of proteins associated with neurodegenerative disease“. Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15624.

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Eine Gemeinsamkeit verschiedener neurodegenerativer Erkrankungen ist die abnormale Ansammlung von Proteinen im Gehirn, wie z. B. von alpha-Synuclein (Syn)-Aggregaten bei der Parkinson''schen Krankheit (PD) oder von Huntingtin (Htt)-Aggregaten bei Chorea Huntington (HD). Am Anfang dieser Studie wurde eine Bibliothek von ca. 5000 natürlichen Substanzen nach Inhibitoren der Htt-Aggregation durchsucht. Eine der wirksamen Substanzen war (-)-Epigallocatechingallat (EGCG), eine Verbindung, die in grünem und schwarzem Tee vorkommt. Die antioxidativen Eigenschaften von EGCG wurden bereits mit einer neuroprotektiven Wirkung in Verbindung gebracht, was EGCG zu einem vielversprechenden Kandidaten für die Entwicklung einer neuen Behandlungsmethode macht. Eine inhibierende Wirkung auf Proteinaggregation wurde jedoch bis jetzt noch nicht nachgewiesen. Diese Studie zeigt, dass EGCG die Aggregation von Htt und Syn hemmt, indem es dosisabhängig eine oligomere Proteinkonformation stabilisiert. Diese Oligomere wirken jedoch nicht als Keime in Aggregationsreaktionen. Zusätzlich verändert EGCG die Exposition bestimmter Epitope, die von konformationsspezifischen Antikörpern im Laufe der Aggregation erkannt werden. Daher könnte die Substanz Proteine, die zur Aggregation neigen, auf einen alternativen Faltungspfad in der Missfaltungskaskade führen. Weiterhin legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass eine direkte Wechselwirkung zwischen EGCG und Proteinen in einer ungefalteten Konformation stattfindet. In verschiedenen Zellkultur-Modellsystemen verringerte EGCG die Toxizität, die von missgefalteten Proteinen ausgeht, was nahelegt, dass die neu geformten oligomeren Spezies nicht toxisch sind. EGCG könnte daher ein chemisches Chaperon darstellen, das die Missfaltung und Toxizität von Proteinen, die mit neurodegenerativen Krankheiten assoziiert sind, verringert. Die Substanz könnte daher die Basis zur Entwicklung einer neuen Therapie für diese unheilbaren Krankheiten darstellen.
A common feature of neurodegenerative disorders is the abnormal accumulation of aggregated protein the brain, such as alpha-Synuclein (Syn) aggregates in Parkinson''s disease (PD) and Huntingtin (Htt) aggregates in Huntington''s disease (HD). In this study, a library of approximately 5000 natural compounds was screened for inhibitors of Htt aggregation. One of the hits was (-)- Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), a compound present in green and black tea. The antioxidant properties of this substance have been linked to neuroprotection before, making it a promising candidate for the development of a treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. Inhibition of protein aggregation by EGCG, however, has not been demonstrated so far. This study shows that EGCG inhibits the aggregation of Htt and Syn by stabilizing an oligomeric conformation of the respective proteins in a dose-dependent manner. These oligomers do not seed the aggregation of Htt and Syn. Also, EGCG modifies the exposure of different epitopes recognized by conformation-specific antibodies during the aggregation process. The compound might therefore lead aggregation-prone proteins on an alternative folding pathway in the misfolding cascade. The results furthermore suggest that direct interaction occurs between EGCG and proteins in an unfolded conformation. EGCG also reduces toxicity caused by misfolded Htt or Syn in cell culture model systems, suggesting that the oligomeric protein species formed in the presence of EGCG are not toxic to living cells. EGCG might therefore represent a chemical chaperone that can modulate misfolding and toxicity of proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases and could provide the basis for the development of a novel pharmacotherapy for these fatal disorders.
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Bücher zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

1

Ahmed, Mainuddin. Tea pest management. Barguna, Bangladesh: Saleha Begum, 2005.

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Williams, Marie. Green vanilla tea. Sydney: Finch Publishing, 2013.

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United Planters' Association of Southern India. Tea Research Institute., Hrsg. Project report on forecasting blister blight disease and biology and control of primary root diseases in tea, April 1991 to March 1996. Valparai, Coimbatore Dist: UPASI Tea Research Institute, 1996.

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Cha shu bing chong. Beijing: Nong ye chu ban she, 1985.

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Zhongguo cha shu bing chong ce bao ban fa. Hefei Shi: Anhui ke xue ji shu chu ban she, 1986.

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Wen hua gong zuo shi. Cha liao jian kang zu., Hrsg. Wei bing yao cha. Guangzhou: Guangdong ke ji chu ban she, 2005.

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Fasching, Rosina. Tea fungus kombucha: The natural remedy and its significance in cases of cancer and other metabolic diseases. 8. Aufl. Steyer: Publishing House Ennsthaler, 1995.

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Rudolf, Sklenar, Hrsg. Tea fungus kombucha: The natural remedy and its significance in cases of cancer and other metabolic diseases. 5. Aufl. Steyr: W. Ennsthaler, 1994.

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Wen hua gong zuo shi. Cha liao jian kang zu., Hrsg. Shen bing yao cha. Guangzhou: Guangdong ke ji chu ban she, 2005.

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Bagchi, Debasis. Green tea: Antioxidant power to fight disease. Los Angeles: Keats Pub., 1999.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

1

Kuroda, Yukiaki, und Yukihiko Hara. „Infectious Diseases and Tea“. In Health Effects of Tea and Its Catechins, 61–80. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5390-5_4.

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Kuroda, Yukiaki, und Yukihiko Hara. „Age-Related Diseases and Tea“. In Health Effects of Tea and Its Catechins, 41–59. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5390-5_3.

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Kuroda, Yukiaki, und Yukihiko Hara. „Preventive Effects of Tea Against Human Diseases“. In Health Effects of Tea and Its Catechins, 11–39. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5390-5_2.

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Chakruno, Pezangulie, Susanta Banik und Kavi Sumi. „Important Diseases of Tea (Camellia Sinensis L.) and Their Integrated Management“. In Diseases of Horticultural Crops, 119–38. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003160472-7.

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Kumhar, Kishor Chand, und Azariah Babu. „Economically Important Diseases of Tea (Camellia sp.) and Their Management“. In Diseases of Fruits and Vegetable Crops, 435–59. Series statement: Innovations in horticultural science: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429322181-24.

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Dutta, Pranab, R. P. Bhuyan und Pratibha Sharma. „Deployment of Trichoderma for the Management of Tea Diseases“. In Trichoderma, 221–50. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3321-1_12.

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Chakraborty, Subham, R. Murugan und Tripti Goel. „Classification of Tea Leaf Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Network“. In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 283–96. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0019-8_22.

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Arulpragasam, P. V. „Disease control in Asia“. In Tea, 353–74. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2326-6_11.

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Thirugnanasambantham, Krishnaraj, Sam Nirmala Nisha und Abul Kalam Azad Mandal. „Novel Secondary Metabolites in Tea and Their Biological Role in Communicable and Noncommunicable Human Diseases“. In Food Bioactive Ingredients, 287–329. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35221-8_13.

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Rattan, P. S. „Pest and disease control in Africa“. In Tea, 331–52. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2326-6_10.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

1

Huang, Qiang, Youzhi Tao, Shitao Ding, Yongbo Liu und Francesco Marinello. „Automatic Construction of Knowledge Graph of Tea Diseases and Pests“. In 18th Conference on Computer Science and Intelligence Systems. PTI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15439/2023f6100.

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Hossain, Selim, Rokeya Mumtahana Mou, Mohammed Mahedi Hasan, Sajib Chakraborty und M. Abdur Razzak. „Recognition and detection of tea leaf's diseases using support vector machine“. In 2018 IEEE 14th International Colloquium on Signal Processing & Its Applications (CSPA). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cspa.2018.8368703.

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Latha, R. S., G. R. Sreekanth, R. C. Suganthe, R. Rajadevi, S. Karthikeyan, S. Kanivel und B. Inbaraj. „Automatic Detection of Tea Leaf Diseases using Deep Convolution Neural Network“. In 2021 International Conference on Computer Communication and Informatics (ICCCI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccci50826.2021.9402225.

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SUN, Xiaoxiao, Shaomin MU, Yongyu XU, Zhihao CAO und Tingting SU. „Image Recognition of Tea Leaf Diseases Based on Convolutional Neural Network“. In 2018 International Conference on Security, Pattern Analysis, and Cybernetics (SPAC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/spac46244.2018.8965555.

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Hairah, Ummul, Anindita Septiarini, Novianti Puspitasari, Efraim Romiyanto, Noor Alam Hadiwijaya und Damar Nurcahyono. „Analysis of EfficientNet Architecture Performance for Classifying the Tea Leaves Diseases“. In 2023 9th International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccce58854.2023.10246097.

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Tanwar, Vishesh, und Shweta Lamba. „Tea Leaf Diseases Classification and Detection using a Convolutional Neural Network“. In 2023 International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Smart Systems (ICSCSS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icscss57650.2023.10169680.

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Krisnandi, Dikdik, R. Budiarianto Suryo Kusumo, R. Sandra Yuwana, Vicky Zilvan, Ana Heryana, Asri Rizki Yuliani, Endang Suryawati und Hilman F. Pardede. „Densely Connected Networks with Smoothed Labels Regularization for Tea Diseases Detections“. In IC3INA 2021: The 2021 International Conference on Computer, Control, Informatics and Its Applications. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3489088.3489098.

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Raj, Mayank, Pratibha Jha, Merry Gadaili Magar und Vinay Kukreja. „CNN and Random Forest Hybrid Model for Tea Leaf Diseases Multiclassification“. In 2024 International Conference on Automation and Computation (AUTOCOM). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/autocom60220.2024.10486177.

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Suryavanshi, Ankita, Vinay Kukreja, Dibyahash Bordoloi, Shiva Mehta und Ankur Choudhary. „Redefining Tea Cultivation: A Federated Approach to Detecting Leaf Diseases with CNN“. In 2024 Fourth International Conference on Advances in Electrical, Computing, Communication and Sustainable Technologies (ICAECT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaect60202.2024.10469335.

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Cheng, Jinsai, Gengqing Song, Qiang Guan und Tao Shen. „Development of an Automated Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation Device Synchronized with Respiration for Treating Gastroesophageal Reflux Diseases“. In 2022 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2022-1012.

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Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common digestive disorder that usually has symptoms including reflux, heartburn, pain when swallowing, etc. Evolving from traditional needle acupuncture and electroacupuncture (EA), transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) becomes a popular method for treating GERD with its non-invasive intervention feature. Recently, an even more effective method synchronized with respiration in TEA is emerging. However, the current procedure for conducting synchronized TEA (STEA) treatment is mostly based on patients’ manual synchronization, which can generate a big delay or error in the synchronization, significantly compromising the effectiveness of this method. To solve this issue, this research presents a novel STEA device that can automatically detect the user’s respiration wave and synchronize with the breath to conduct TEA. With this automated synchronization device, the patients can inhale and exhale with an uninterrupted and normal respiration pace while receiving the TEA treatment, largely simplifying the treatment procedures and enhancing the effectiveness of the method. The system of the STEA device consists of a chest strip respiration sensing element, a stimulation point identifier, and a stimulation current generator. Experiments were conducted to verify human respiration detection, electrical current generation and synchronization. The results demonstrated the feasibility, effectiveness and reliability of the automated device system.
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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Diseases of Tea"

1

Lampley, Katrice, und Nicole Therrien. "Geisinger Ambulatory Pharmacy Care Program Field Notes". National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.)., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:126232.

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These Field Notes summarize the Geisinger Ambulatory Care Program’s care coordination work with pharmacists alongside other health care team members to manage chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease.
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Householder, Nicholas, und Coby Ray. A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Teprotumumab Efficacy in Treating Chronic Thyroid Eye Disease (TED). INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.8.0051.

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Householder, Nicholas, und Coby Ray. A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of Teprotumumab Efficacy in Treating Chronic Thyroid Eye Disease (TED). INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.8.0051.

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Jordan, Ramon L., Abed Gera, Hei-Ti Hsu, Andre Franck und Gad Loebenstein. Detection and Diagnosis of Virus Diseases of Pelargonium. United States Department of Agriculture, Juli 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568793.bard.

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Pelargonium (Geranium) is the number one pot plant in many areas of the United States and Europe. Israel and the U.S. send to Europe rooted cuttings, foundation stocks and finished plants to supply a certain share of the market. Geraniums are propagated mainly vegetatively from cuttings. Consequently, viral diseases have been and remain a major threat to the production and quality of the crop. Among the viruses isolated from naturally infected geraniums, 11 are not specific to Pelargonium and occur in other crops while 6 other viruses seem to be limited to geranium. However, several of these viruses are not sufficiently characterized to conclude that they are distinct agents and their nomenclature and taxonomy are confusing. The ability to separate, distinguish and detect the different viruses in geranium will overcome obstacles te developing effective detection and certification schemes. Our focus was to further characterize some of these viruses and develop better methods for their detection and control. These viruses include: isolates of pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), pelargonium ringspot virus (PelRSV), pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), pelargonium leaf curl (PLCV), and tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV). Twelve hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies specific to a geranium isolate of TomRSV were produced. These antibodies are currently being characterized and will be tested for the ability to detect TomRSV in infected geraniums. The biological, biochemical and serological properties of four isometric viruses - PLPV, PelRSV, and PFBV (and a PelRSV-like isolate from Italy called GR57) isolated from geraniums exhibiting line and ring pattern or flower break symptoms - and an isolate ol elderbeny latent virus (ELV; which the literature indicates is the same as PelRSV) have been determined Cloned cDNA copies of the genomic RNAs of these viruses were sequenced and the sizes and locations of predicted viral proteins deduced. A portion of the putative replicase genes was also sequenced from cloned RT-PCR fragments. We have shown that, when compared to the published biochemical and serological properties, and sequences and genome organizations of other small isometric plant viruses, all of these viruses should each be considered new, distinct members of the Carmovirus group of the family Tombusviridae. Hybridization assays using recombinant DNA probes also demonstrated that PLPV, PelRSV, and ELV produce only one subgenomic RNA in infected plants. This unusual property of the gene expression of these three viruses suggests that they are unique among the Carmoviruses. The development of new technologies for the detection of these viruses in geranium was also demonstrated. Hybridization probes developed to PFBV (radioactively-labeled cRNA riboprobes) and to PLPV (non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNAs) were generally shown to be no more sensitive for the detection of virus in infected plants than the standard ELISA serology-based assays. However, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was shown to be over 1000 times more sensitive in detecting PFBV in leaf extracts of infected geranium than was ELISA. This research has lead to a better understanding of the identity of the viruses infecting pelargonium and to the development of new tools that can be used in an improved scheme of providing virus-indexed pelargonium plants. The sequence information, and the serological and cloned DNA probes generated from this work, will allow the application of these new tools for virus detection, which will be useful in domestic and international indexing programs which are essential for the production of virus-free germplasm both for domestic markets and the international exchange of plant material.
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Tololiu, Kevin Efrain, Arie Kurnianto und krisztina Csokasi. Audio Intervention for Acute Pain Management - Protocol of Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, Januar 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.1.0002.

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Review question / Objective: This study aims to investigate, review, and asses existing literature concerning audio intervention to reduce acute pain. Condition being studied: The study will focus on acute pain experienced by adults in any diseases or surgical procedures. Eligibility criteria: This study will exclude papers published older than ten years ago to collect updated data, non RCTs, non-English literature, paper with combined interventions, and papers with an incomplete essential statical value of pain for meta-analysis.
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Eneroth, Hanna, Hanna Karlsson Potter und Elin Röös. Environmental impact of coffee, tea and cocoa – data collection for a consumer guide for plant-based foods. Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.2n3m2d2pjl.

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In 2020, WWF launched a consumer guide on plant-based products targeting Swedish consumers. The development of the guide is described in a journal paper (Karlsson Potter & Röös, 2021) and the environmental impact of different plant based foods was published in a report (Karlsson Potter, Lundmark, & Röös, 2020). This report was prepared for WWF Sweden to provide scientific background information for complementing the consumer guide with information on coffee, tea and cocoa. This report includes quantitative estimations for several environmental categories (climate, land use, biodiversity and water use) of coffee (per L), tea (per L) and cocoa powder (per kg), building on the previously established methodology for the consumer guide. In addition, scenarios of consumption of coffee, tea and cocoa drink with milk/plant-based drinks and waste at household level, are presented. Tea, coffee and cacao beans have a lot in common. They are tropical perennial crops traditionally grown in the shade among other species, i.e. in agroforestry systems. Today, the production in intensive monocultures has negative impact on biodiversity. Re-introducing agroforestry practices may be part of the solution to improve biodiversity in these landscapes. Climate change will likely, due to changes in temperature, extreme weather events and increases in pests and disease, alter the areas where these crops can be grown in the future. A relatively high ratio of the global land used for coffee, tea and cocoa is certified according to sustainability standards, compared to other crops. Although research on the implications of voluntary standards on different outcomes is inconclusive, the literature supports that certifications have a role in incentivizing more sustainable farming. Coffee, tea and cocoa all contain caffeine and have a high content of bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, and they have all been associated with positive health outcomes. While there is a strong coffee culture in Sweden and coffee contributes substantially to the environmental impact of our diet, tea is a less consumed beverage. Cocoa powder is consumed as a beverage, but substantial amounts of our cocoa consumption is in the form of chocolate. Roasted ground coffee on the Swedish market had a climate impact of 4.0 kg CO2e per kg powder, while the climate impact of instant coffee powder was 11.5 kg CO2e per kg. Per litre, including the energy use for making the coffee, the total climate impact was estimated to 0.25 kg CO2e per L brewed coffee and 0.16 kg CO2e per L for instant coffee. Less green coffee beans are needed to produce the same amount of ready to drink coffee from instant coffee than from brewed coffee. Tea had a climate impact of approximately 6.3 kg CO2 e per kg dry leaves corresponding to an impact of 0.064 CO2e per L ready to drink tea. In the assessment of climate impact per cup, tea had the lowest impact with 0.013 kg CO2e, followed by black instant coffee (0.024 kg CO2e), black coffee (0.038 kg CO2e), and cocoa drink made with milk (0.33 kg CO2e). The climate impact of 1kg cocoa powder on the Swedish market was estimated to 2.8 kg CO2e. Adding milk to coffee or tea increases the climate impact substantially. The literature describes a high proportion of the total climate impact of coffee from the consumer stage due to the electricity used by the coffee machine. However, with the Nordic low-carbon energy mix, the brewing and heating of water and milk contributes to only a minor part of the climate impact of coffee. As in previous research, coffee also had a higher land use, water use and biodiversity impact than tea per L beverage. Another factor of interest at the consumer stage is the waste of prepared coffee. Waste of prepared coffee contributes to climate impact through the additional production costs and electricity for preparation, even though the latter was small in our calculations. The waste of coffee and tea at Summary household level is extensive and measures to reduce the amount of wasted coffee and tea could reduce the environmental impact of Swedish hot drink consumption. For the final evaluation of coffee and tea for the consumer guide, the boundary for the fruit and vegetable group was used. The functional unit for coffee and tea was 1 L prepared beverage without any added milk or sweetener. In the guide, the final evaluation of conventionally grown coffee is that it is ‘yellow’ (‘Consume sometimes’), and for organic produce, ‘light green’ (‘Please consume). The evaluation of conventionally grown tea is that it is ‘light green’, and for organic produce, ‘dark green’ (‘Preferably consume this’). For cocoa, the functional unit is 1 kg of cocoa powder and the boundary was taken from the protein group. The final evaluation of conventionally grown cocoa is that it is ‘orange’ (‘Be careful’), and for organically produced cocoa, ‘light green’.
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Appleyard, Bruce, und Tim Garrett. Incorporating Public Health into Transportation Decision Making. Mineta Transportation Institute, Januar 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2023.2150.

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Investments in transportation have the potential to significantly affect public health outcomes. Decisions to build highways, transit, or bikeways, for example, influence how residents and visitors move around a metropolitan area. Personal travel habits and proximity to transportation infrastructure play a role in how likely people are to be physically active or be exposed to dangerous traffic and toxic pollution. For this study, the research team reviewed the literature that links transportation infrastructure, the surrounding built environment context, and public health outcomes such as chronic heart and lung diseases, obesity, and death. The team then researched publicly available data that planners could use to inform decision-makers about the public health effects of funding certain investments. Finally, the team reviewed the guidelines of existing discretionary grant programs administered by the California Transportation Commission (CTC), and proposed improvements that would better incorporate available data on public health for consideration. These steps can positively influence funding decision-making for better public health outcomes in California.
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Hao, Zikang, Xiaodan Zhang und Ping Chen. Effects of Ten Different Exercise Interventions on Motor Function in Parkinson’s Disease Patients—A Network Me-a-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, Mai 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0136.

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Wei, Lai, Di Cao, Xuan Qi, Ying Wang und Yuemin Nan. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) of China in the past ten years: a scoping review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.8.0019.

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Michel Jr., Frederick C., Harry A. J. Hoitink, Yitzhak Hadar und Dror Minz. Microbial Communities Active in Soil-Induced Systemic Plant Disease Resistance. United States Department of Agriculture, Januar 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2005.7586476.bard.

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Induced Systemic Resistance (ISR) is a highly variable property that can be induced by compost amendment of potting media and soils. For example, previous studies showed that only 1 of 79 potting mixes prepared with different batches of mature composts produced from several different types of solid wastes were able to suppress the severity of bacterial leaf spot of radish caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. armoraciae compared with disease on plants produced in a nonamended sphagnum peat mix. In this project, microbial consortia in the rhizosphere of plants grown in ISR-active compost-amended substrates were characterized. The plants used included primarily cucumber but also tomato and radish. Rhizosphere microbial consortia were characterized using multiple molecular tools including DGGE (Israel) and T -RFLP (Ohio) in both ISR-active field plots and potting media. Universal as well as population-specific bacterial and fungal PCR primers were utilized. T -RFLP analyses using universal bacterial primers showed few significant differences in overall bacterial community composition in ISR-active and inactive substrates (Ohio). In addition, the community members which were significantly different varied when different ISR-activecomposts were used (Ohio). To better characterize the shifts in microbial community structure during the development of ISR, population specific molecular tools were developed (Israel, Ohio).-PCR primers were designed to detect and quantify bacterial groups including Pyrenomycetes, Bacillus, Pan toea, Pseudomonas, Xanthomonas and Streptomyces as well as Trichoderma and Fusarium; two groups of fungi that harbor isolates which are ISR active (Isreal and Ohio). Bacterial consortia associated with cucumber plants grown in compost-amended potting mixtures were shown to be dominated by the phylogenetic taxon Bacteroidetes, including members of the genus Chryseobacterium, which in some cases have been shown to be involved in biocontrol (Israel). Nested-PCR-DGGE analyses coupled with long l6S rDNA sequencing, demonstrated that the Chryseobacteriumspp. detected on seed and the root in compost-amended treatments were derived from the compost itself. The most effective ISR inducing rhizobacterial strains were identified as Bacillus sp. based on partial sequencing of l6S rDNA. However, these strains were significantly less effective in reducing the severity of disease than Trichoderma hamatum382 (T382). A procedure was developed for inoculation of a compost-amended substrate with T -382 which consistently induced ISR in cucumber against Phytophthora blight caused by Phytophthora capsiciand in radish against bacterial spot (Ohio). Inoculation of compost-amended potting mixes with biocontrol agents such as T -382 and other microbes that induce systemic resistance in plants significantly increased the frequency of systemic disease control obtained with natural compost amendments.
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