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1
Taylor, A. J. W. „Victims of Crime as Victims of Disaster“. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, Nr. 3 (September 1989): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678909068298.
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The gross disparity between the routine attention paid to criminals and that paid to their victims led to the proposition that victims of major crime be treated as victims of disaster. The fresh appraisal might provide the impetus for appropriate services for them as a matter of social policy.
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Taylor, A. J. W. „Victims of Crime as Victims of Disaster“. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 23, Nr. 3 (September 1989): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486748902300327.
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The gross disparity between the routine attention paid to criminals and that paid to their victims led to the proposition that victims of major crime be treated as victims of disaster. The fresh appraisal might provide the impetus for appropriate services for them as a matter of social policy.
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Pokkriyarath, MBA, Manoj, Abhirami Arunachalam, MBA Student und Ram Bishu, PhD. „A preliminary model to evaluate disaster management efforts“. Journal of Emergency Management 18, Nr. 2 (01.03.2020): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2020.0457.
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Disasters are diversified in all aspects: they range from storms and tornadoes to earthquakes, tsunamis and cyclones etc. They affect a range of countries. Most disasters are caused by geographical factors. The overall response depends on the wealth of a country. For example, Japan is better prepared than Nepal or Haiti. Disaster responses are multidimensional and are assumed to be effective. From a service quality perspective, groups of responders provide services to victims. Effectiveness and efficiency of victim services are perhaps two outcome measures. Unfortunately, published studies on evaluation of disaster responses are sparse to nonexistent. The intent of this study is to develop a preliminary method for assessing the perceived effectiveness and efficiency (service quality) from the perspectives of both the responders and the victims. A method (preliminary) is proposed in which all anticipated attributes and outcomes are measured. Regression is the proposed modeling tool. It is hoped that the proposed preliminary method will facilitate the preparedness of the response teams and give rise to a permanent method.
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Setiadi, Ade, Sulaiman Sulaiman und Fifit Alfiah. „Disaster Victim Service Application at the Social Services of Tangerang District“. CCIT Journal 15, Nr. 2 (04.08.2022): 179–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v15i2.2119.
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The social service of Tangerang District is a government institution that caters to the social welfare problem and one of the services that will be discussed is the service of disaster victims in the district of Tangerang that have not been computerised so that the running system is less efficient. The process of service that is still having difficulty due to the collection of disaster victims is still far from the word accurate and to get the service should often visit the office so it takes a lot of wasted time. Since the system is running less efficiently, a Disaster Victim Service Application has been made which is computerized and runs more efficiently. The method used in data collection is observation, interviews, and literature study. In analyzing a system using the PIECES method (Performance), (Information), (Economy), (Control), (Efficiency), (Service) to make it easier to analyze the running system and provide solutions in making application programs and writers in making application design with visual modelling using UML (Unified Modelling Language) to make a diagram, Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) as a programming language, and MySQL as a database to be used in the system. The results of the design discuss how to create a system that runs and the proposed system and the existence of this system can facilitate service employees in receiving accurate reports so as to shorten the time of handling in serving victims affected by disasters.
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McFarlane, A. C., und Richard Williams. „Mental Health Services Required after Disasters: Learning from the Lasting Effects of Disasters“. Depression Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/970194.
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Disasters test civil administrations’ and health services’ capacity to act in a flexible but well-coordinated manner because each disaster is unique and poses unusual challenges. The health services required differ markedly according to the nature of the disaster and the geographical spread of those affected. Epidemiology has shown that services need to be equipped to deal with major depressive disorder and grief, not just posttraumatic stress disorder, and not only for victims of the disaster itself but also the emergency service workers. The challenge is for specialist advisers to respect and understand the existing health care and support networks of those affected while also recognizing their limitations. In the initial aftermath of these events, a great deal of effort goes into the development of early support systems but the longer term needs of these populations are often underestimated. These services need to be structured, taking into account the pre-existing psychiatric morbidity within the community. Disasters are an opportunity for improving services for patients with posttraumatic psychopathology in general but can later be utilized for improving services for victims of more common traumas in modern society, such as accidents and interpersonal violence.
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Pfefferbaum, Betty, Carol S. North, Brian W. Flynn, Fran H. Norris und Robert DeMartino. „Disaster Mental Health Services Following The 1995 Oklahoma City Bombing: Modifying Approaches to Address Terrorism“. CNS Spectrums 7, Nr. 8 (August 2002): 575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900018174.
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ABSTRACTHow did the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differ from prior disasters and what implications did it have for disaster mental health services and service delivery? The federal disaster mental health approach in this country developed largely out of experiences with natural disasters. The 1995 Oklahoma City bombing differed in several important ways, including the large number of human casualties, higher rates of psychopathology, and an extended period of concern due to the criminal investigation and trials, which suggested the need to consider modifications in the program. Outreach was extensive, but psychiatric morbidity of direct victims was greater than that of victims of natural disasters, emphasizing the need for attention to the triage and referral process. Other concerns that warrant consideration include practices related to record keeping and program evaluation.
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Ida, Rachmah, Sri Widiyantoro, Endra Gunawan, Euis Sunarti, Gayatri Indah Marliyani und Muhammad Saud. „The Use of Digital Media and Modes of Communication of Affected People: A Case Study of Earthquakes in East Java, Indonesia“. Journal of Disaster Research 17, Nr. 6 (01.10.2022): 1037–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2022.p1037.
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Several earthquake incidents in the East Java province have resulted in numerous disadvantages such as damaged buildings and victims that were physically and emotionally wounded. The problem that has arisen in these situations is how victims of natural disasters often receive late responses and little to no information about relief efforts from authorities. Local governments and disaster relief organizations have not initiated the right method of communication to give important information toward disaster victims when information technologies have developed rapidly. The present study opt for a qualitative research design to conduct the interviews from the victims of disaster living nearby Malang and Blitar regencies of Indonesia. It examines how people living in earthquake-prone regions are communicating during the disaster using smartphones and social networking services. The findings of the research show that people living in the disaster-risk areas use mobile phones, smartphones, and social networking services in their daily life; yet, not many of them using these devices and services to look for information about earthquakes. Although authorities have created digital channels as a source of information, it does not receive significant attention and interest of the people at risk. The problems with uneven digital media literacy and lack of resources remain unresolved. Cooperation between authorities and people is expected, to ensure that the use of existing communication technologies becomes more effective and efficient in earthquake relief efforts and countermeasures.
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Yoshitomi, Nozomu, Haruo Hayashi, Katsuyuki Matsuoka, Hidenori Terano, Munenari Inoguchi und Go Urakawa. „Disaster-Victim Database Development Using GeoWrap Method -From the 2004 Niigata Chuetsu Earthquake to the 2007 Niigataken Chuetsu-Oki Earthquake-“. Journal of Disaster Research 5, Nr. 1 (01.02.2010): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2010.p0074.
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The objective of this research is to develop an information processing procedure that is capable of integrating various data sources for the purpose of building a centralized victims’ database that can be utilized throughout the city to support various relief activities. In most cities stricken by disaster, availability of data resources is limited in both quantity and quality. However, it is vital to build an accurate Victims’ Database promptly in order to provide satisfactory services to disaster victims. Therefore, this paper proposes GeoWrap, a new methodology in information processing, that can maximize available datasets of differing accuracy while building accurate databases. GeoWrap effectiveness is examined by developing the victim database for Kashiwazaki City in Japan.
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Perrin, Pierre. „Strategy for medical assistance in disaster situations“. International Review of the Red Cross 31, Nr. 284 (Oktober 1991): 494–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400070169.
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Disasters create specific problems shaped by both the type of event (earthquake, volcanic eruption, war) and its consequences (sudden or gradual impact on the victims).The process that unleashes a disaster is often more complex than appears at first glance. For example, drought is obviously caused by poor climatic conditions, but it may also be precipitated by human behaviour detrimental to the environment.While internal conflicts do not always have a direct and major impact on civilians beyond the casualties they claim, the breakdown of local services, particularly medical care and food supply, may have dire effects on health and nutrition, so that the entire civilian population falls victim to the situation.
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Aktaş, Ramazan, Necip Güven, Gizem Gizli, Sevdegül Bilvanisi, Adeviyye Karaca und Ayşe Ertekin. „Types of wounds on those rescued from the avalanche disaster“. Intercontinental Journal of Emergency Medicine 1, Nr. 4 (30.12.2023): 77–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/icjem-0020.
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Aim: The most crucial step in rescue operations is the safety of rescuers. Two critical points were addressed to contribute to the literature. The first point is that the intervention of the rescuers together with the local people before ensuring the safety may result in more catastrophic disasters, and the second point is the course of avalanche victims after being rescued. Method: After the avalanche disaster that occurred in February 2020, the team, who went to help, was exposed to the avalanche disaster that happened again. A total of 65 people were rescued with injuries in both disasters. Data of patients admitted to neighboring hospitals (secondary and tertiary healthcare facilities) in Van province and 112 Emergency Health Services data were recorded. Result: 41 avalanche victims died, 40 were out of the hospital and one victim in a local secondary healthcare facility. Among the 65 rescued people, one was admitted to the intensive care unit, 8 underwent emergency surgery, 40 were admitted to the hospital for follow-up purposes, and 16 were discharged after initial treatment in the emergency department. Of the patients, 63 were male, one was female, and the mean age was 36.39 years. Conclusion: The primary strategy in an avalanche disaster is to stay in the safe zone. As with all major disasters, various types of injuries can occur. Although the priority is to reduce deaths, determining the most common injury areas of individuals exposed to disasters will help prevent possible deaths and disabilities.
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Settembrino, PhD, Marc R. „Hurricane Sandy’s impact on the predisaster homeless and homeless shelter services in New Jersey“. Journal of Emergency Management 14, Nr. 1 (01.01.2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2016.0268.
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Presently, there is little research on how people experiencing homelessness prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters. Existing emergency management literature does not provide an understanding of how disasters affect homeless shelter services. The present study seeks to fill these gaps by examining how Hurricane Sandy impacted homeless shelters and their guests in New Jersey. Presenting findings from ethnographic research in Atlantic City and Hoboken, this study identifies several areas in which homeless shelters and their guests may be able to assist in emergency response and disaster recovery such as preparing meals for victims, sorting and processing donated items, and assisting victims in filing for emergency assistance.
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Khankeh, Hamidreza, Maryam Nakhaei, Gholamreza Masoumi, Mohammadali Hosseini, Zohreh Parsa-Yekta, Lisa Kurland und Maaret Castren. „Life Recovery After Disasters: A Qualitative Study in the Iranian Context“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 28, Nr. 6 (31.10.2013): 573–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x1300900x.
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AbstractIntroductionPlanned and organized long-term rehabilitation services should be provided to victims of a disaster for social integration, economic self-sufficiency, and psychological health. There are few studies on recovery and rehabilitation issues in disaster situations. This study explores the disaster-related rehabilitation process.MethodThis study was based on qualitative analysis. Participants included 18 individuals (eight male and ten female) with experience providing or receiving disaster health care or services. Participants were selected using purposeful sampling. Data were collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews. All interviews were transcribed and content analysis was performed based on qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe study explored three main concepts of recovery and rehabilitation after a disaster: 1) needs for health recovery; 2) intent to delegate responsibility; and 3) desire for a wide scope of social support. The participants of this study indicated that to provide comprehensive recovery services, important basic needs should be considered, including the need for physical rehabilitation, social rehabilitation, and livelihood health; the need for continuity of mental health care; and the need for family re-unification services. Providing social activation can help reintegrate affected people into the community.ConclusionEffective rehabilitation care for disaster victims requires a clear definition of the rehabilitation process at different levels of the community. Involving a wide set of those most likely to be affected by the process provides a comprehensive, continuous, culturally sensitive, and family-centered plan.KhankehH, NakhaeiM, MasoumiG, HosseiniM, Parsa-YektaZ, KurlandL, CastrenM. Life recovery after disasters: a qualitative study in the Iranian context. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28(6):573-579.
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Kashwani, Ritik, und Hemant Sawhney. „Dentistry and metaverse: A deep dive into potential of blockchain, NFTs, and crypto in healthcare“. International Dental Journal of Student's Research 11, Nr. 3 (15.10.2023): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.idjsr.2023.021.
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Blockchain technology and the metaverse have the potential to revolutionize dentistry and healthcare by enhancing data security, patient empowerment, disaster victim identification, and the delivery of dental services. In this review, we discuss the current state of the art in the field of dentistry and the future of dentistry, highlighting the advantages and challenges of utilizing blockchain technology for disaster victims’ identification. Blockchain's applications in Disaster Victim Identification (DVI) offer a humanitarian dimension, helping bring solace to families in times of tragedy. Moreover, blockchain's potential to establish virtual health clinics and telemedicine platforms could bridge healthcare gaps in underserved regions.
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Kurniasari, Nani, Satya Candrasari und Santi Delliana. „Mental Health Communication in Indonesian Natural Disaster Victims Trauma Recovery“. Jurnal ASPIKOM 6, Nr. 2 (25.07.2021): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.24329/aspikom.v6i2.867.
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Trauma healing is a crucial stage in a long tourism sector recovery process after a natural disaster. Post-disaster psychological support is needed to reduce trauma in society, especially for remote communities. However, health services for people affected by health crises due to disaster at the provincial level are inadequate. This study aims to identify mental health communication forms in the trauma recovery process for tsunami victims in Pandeglang, Banten. This research uses the case study method. Approached descriptive-qualitatively, this study describes the practice of mental health communication in the context of trauma healing for natural disaster victims in Indonesian tourist attractions. This study found that mental health communication efforts included psychosocial assistance for children and adults, treatment for people with mental health disorders (ODGJ- orang dengan gangguan jiwa), counseling for victims, home visits, and health services for 26 ODGJs, and home visits for victims without mental disorders.
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Richter, Roxane, und Thomas Flowers. „Gender-Aware Disaster Care: Issues and Interventions in Supplies, Services, Triage and Treatment“. International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 28, Nr. 2 (August 2010): 207–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701002800203.
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Many non-medical policy makers, planners and response teams have in the past assumed the mass post-disaster population to be homogenous, and have staged disaster shelters and services that overlooked the specific needs of women. This has led to unnecessary suffering, discomfort and slower recoveries for female disaster victims. This research seeks to not only identify gender disparities in disasters, but also socially constructed and biological differences in health and behavior, and to emphasize interventions that could significantly reduce long-term care costs and recoveries. It is the authors’ contention that proactive “Gender-Aware Disaster Care”—coupled with supplies, services, triage and treatment—would facilitate more efficient interventions in mitigation, needs assessment, care and recovery for women and their families. Thus this work can make significant contributions to gender-aware disaster care and policies, especially among first responders, emergency managers, EMS crews and volunteer organizations that stage and provide shelter and services to evacuees.
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Dewi Prasetyowati, Christina, und Sri Wahyuni. „TABLE TOP SALT TRIAGE IN IMPROVING PREHOSPITAL TRIAGE CAPACITY AND DISASTER VICTIM HANDLING PREPAREDNESS“. Jurnal Smart Keperawatan 10, Nr. 1 (21.06.2023): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/jskp.v10i1.452.
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ABSTRACT Disasters have broad and complex impacts, both on humans and the surrounding environment. One of the challenges often faced in health management efforts in disaster areas is the lack of skills of nurses and other health workers in disaster victim preparedness and the ability to carry out pre hospital triage which will ultimately hamper health services. The knowledge and skills of nurses in handling disaster victims including conducting triage on victims are still in the sufficient category at 60%. In pre hospital situations, the correctness of officers in making triage decisions in handling victims has a very important role. The research objective was to determine the effect of the SALT triage table top in improving pre hospital triage capabilities and disaster victim handling preparedness. The research design used was a quasi experiment with a pre-post test with a control group. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The number of respondents obtained was 78 people. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a value of p = 0.000, which means that there is an influence of the SALT triage table top in increasing the ability of pre hospital triage and preparedness for handling disaster victims. Keywords: disaster; preparedness; pre hospital; table tops; triage ABSTRAK Bencana memiliki dampak yang luas dan kompleks, baik terhadap manusia maupun lingkungan sekitarnya. Salah satu tantangan yang sering dihadapi dalam upaya penanggulangan kesehatan di daerah bencana adalah kekurangan ketrampilan perawat dan tenaga kesehatan lainnya dalam kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana maupun kemampuan melakukan triage pre hospital yang akhirnya akan menghambat pelayanan kesehatan. Pengetahuan dan ketrampilan perawat dalam penanganan korban bencana termasuk melakukan triage terhadap korban masih berada pada kategori cukup sebesar 60%. Pada situasi pre hospital, kebenaran petugas dalam membuat keputusan triage dalam penanganan korban memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh table top SALT triage dalam meningkatkan kemampuan triage pre hospital dan kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperiment dengan pre-post test with control group. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Responden yang didapatkan berjumlah 78 orang. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh table top SALT triage dalam meningkatkan kemampuan triage pre hospital dan kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana. Kata Kunci : bencana; kesiapsiagaan; pre hospital; table top; triage
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Sari, Novita, Euis Kurniati und Laksmi Evasufi Widi Fajari. „The Presence of a Play Space for Post Disaster Recovery“. Acta Pedagogia Asiana 2, Nr. 2 (28.02.2023): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.53623/apga.v2i2.179.
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From the year 2000 to the year 2022, Indonesia has had a number of natural disasters that were big enough to be called "national disasters." After a natural disaster occurs, it has a significant physical and social impact. The Simple Multi Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method is applied to determine the handling priority after a disaster due to the simple calculation process. The physical and psychological impacts caused by natural disasters in Indonesia are often ignored consciously. With the aim of normalization, it is necessary to repair and restore all aspects of public or community services as part of an effort to rehabilitate post-disaster areas. It is important to recognize the contribution to post-disaster reconstruction for victims who lost daily routine activities, emotional disturbance, family loss, and a sense of security. Trauma can be categorized as acute versus chronic and early versus late. The focus of this study was examining the presence of play spaces for post-disaster recovery. The hope is that this research aims to find out the extent of the presence of play spaces in providing services for post-disaster rehabilitation and reconstruction.
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Cabrera, Gian Carla D., Alma P. Gamboa, Eric John D. Capito und Alfonso Victorino H. Famaran. „The Taal Volcano Eruption and Landfall of Super Typhoon Odette: A Dilogy of Disasters in the Philippines, An Abstract on the Response Strategies of Dr. Jose N. Rodriguez Memorial Hospital and Sanitarium-Philippine Emergency Medical Assistance Team (DJNRMHS PEMAT) for the TAAL and DINAGAT Missions in the Years 2020 and 2021“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 37, S2 (November 2022): s92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x22001911.
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Background/Introduction:The country’s location makes it vulnerable to natural disasters, hence, the PEMAT’s potential was tested during local disaster response for Taal Volcano Eruption in Batangas last January 2020 and during the aftermath of Super Typhoon Odette in Dinagat Islands last December 2021, amidst COVID-19 surge.Objectives:The primary objective of the deployment was to augment the DOH in the provision of safe, effective, and efficient quality health care services appropriate to the victims’ needs, timely, and coordinated mobilization of DJNRMHS PEMAT, and to evaluate the knowledge and skills acquired in the EMT Basic induction course in disaster response.Method/Description:As per WHO standards, disaster responses conducted by the DJNRMHS PEMAT followed three important phases: pre-mobilization, mobilization, and post-mobilization. The methods used during these phases in Taal and Dinagat missions were the simulation of drills and application of didactics learnt from the EMT Basic Induction Course for Disaster Response conducted by the DOH in collaboration with WHO in 2019.Results/Outcomes:The essential services rendered by DJNRMHS PEMAT, ensuring patient and responder safety despite being at the height of COVID-19 surge, were out-patient, acute emergency, trauma and basic obstetric care, basic laboratory, social welfare, public health, and pharmaceutical to 1,124 victims in the Taal Eruption and 1,089 victims of Typhoon Odette.Conclusion:Safe and effective delivery of quality health care services by PEMAT, a team equipped with knowledge and skills acquired through mentorship, can be achieved with thorough planning, setting of mission objectives, and most importantly, having full support from the management and all stakeholders.
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Dsouza, Neevan. „n Epidemiological Study Post Cyclone Fani: An Insight of Our Disaster Risk Reduction and Relief Services“. Epidemiology International 6, Nr. 4 (31.12.2021): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202118.
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Introduction: Every year cyclones hit India, impacting the population living along the coastline, the infrastructure, and inland areas within India. Multiple bodies of evidence suggest that cyclonic storms disrupt regular health systems depending on the category of the storm. The cascading risks emerging from such disasters present a more complex risk scenario for sustainable development.Methodology: A cross-sectional study on 370 cyclone victims from May 23, 2019 to May 27, 2019 using purposive sampling was carried out at 12 medical relief centres. SPSS version 22 was used to analyse the data.Results: Of the total 370 participants, majority (216, 58.4%) belonged to the age group of 35-64 years, and 200 (54.1%) victims were women. Majority (290, 78.4%) were married and 240 (64.9%) belonged to families with more than four family members.336 (90.8%) participants reported to the medical camp with disease-related signs and symptoms post-disaster while 34 (9.2%) sought medical services for injuries alone.266 (71.9%) victims reported receiving early warning signals regarding the storm through media (radio/ TV/ newspapers/ cell phones), while 104 (28.1%) received the information through neighbours and friends.Conclusion: A social determinant of health approach from a risk reduction perspective needs to be nurtured while providing rescue, relief, and rehabilitation in disaster management operations. This has scope to additionally factor in extreme weather events and public health consequences that will further aggravate in coming years.
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Saidon, Rafeah, Siti Khadijah Ab Manan, Rosilawati Sueb und Fairuz Nazri Abd Rahman. „Islamic Psycho-Spiritual Support Model for Disaster Victims“. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 6, SI5 (29.08.2021): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6isi5.2932.
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Religiosity and spiritual experiences are primarily associated with better physical and mental health, less need for health services, faster recovery from illness, and increased longevity. Unfortunately, in any disasters or calamities, psycho-spiritual consequences are given less emphasis. In fact, to date, there has been no specific and comprehensive religious-based model being introduced to the victims in minimizing the risks of psycho-spiritual impacts. Therefore, the objective of this study is to describe a proposed model of psycho-spiritual support for disaster victims based on the Islamic principles of maqasid shariah. Keywords: Islamic; psycho-spiritual; model; disaster eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI5.2932
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Kwon, Taeyeon. „Psychosocial factors affecting the quality of life of disaster victims: focusing on the differences between single-person and multi-person households“. Korean Data Analysis Society 26, Nr. 3 (30.06.2024): 959–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2024.26.3.959.
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This study aimed to examine the level of quality of life (QOL) and the psychological and social factors influencing QOL among single-person and multi-person household disaster victims. This study utilized the third-year data from the Disaster Victims Panel Survey. The final analysis included data from 1,301 adults aged 20 and above, and multiple regression analyses were conducted separately for single-person and multi-person households. The main findings of this study are as follows: It was found that the level of QOL among multi-person household disaster victims was higher than that of single-person household disaster victims. Additionally, different psychological and social factors influencing QOL were observed between single-person and multi-person households. Among the psychosocial factors, resilience, depression, self-rated health status, and community resilience were identified as significant common predictors influencing the QOL of disaster victims in all household types. On the other hand, for single-person household disaster victims, only post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) emerged as a significant predictor of QOL. In the case of multi-person household disaster victims, social support and satisfaction with relief and distribution services emerged as new predictive factors influencing QOL. Based on these findings, policy and practical implications for improving the QOL of disaster victims according to household types are suggested.
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Prasetyowati, Christina Dewi, und Sri Wahyuni. „Table Top Salt Triage In Improving Pre Hospital Triage Capacity And Disaster Victim Handling Preparedness“. Jurnal Smart Keperawatan 10, Nr. 1 (28.06.2023): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.34310/jskp.v10i1.807.
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Disasters have broad and complex impacts, both on humans and the surrounding environment. One of the challenges often faced in health management efforts in disaster areas is the lack of skills of nurses and other health workers in disaster victim preparedness and the ability to carry out pre hospital triage which will ultimately hamper health services. The knowledge and skills of nurses in handling disaster victims including conducting triage on victims are still in the sufficient category at 60%. In pre hospital situations, the correctness of officers in making triage decisions in handling victims has a very important role. The research objective was to determine the effect of the SALT triage table top in improving pre hospital triage capabilities and disaster victim handling preparedness. The research design used was a quasi experiment with a pre-post test with a control group. Sampling using purposive sampling technique. The number of respondents obtained was 78 people. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed a value of p = 0.000, which means that there is an influence of the SALT triage table top in increasing the ability of pre hospital triage and preparedness for handling disaster victims. Keywords: disaster; preparedness; pre hospital; table tops; triageTable Top Salt Triage Dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Triage Pre Hospital Dan Kesiapsiagaan Penanganan Korban BencanaABSTRAK Bencana memiliki dampak yang luas dan kompleks, baik terhadap manusia maupun lingkungan sekitarnya. Salah satu tantangan yang sering dihadapi dalam upaya penanggulangan kesehatan di daerah bencana adalah kekurangan ketrampilan perawat dan tenaga kesehatan lainnya dalam kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana maupun kemampuan melakukan triage pre hospital yang akhirnya akan menghambat pelayanan kesehatan. Pengetahuan dan ketrampilan perawat dalam penanganan korban bencana termasuk melakukan triage terhadap korban masih berada pada kategori cukup sebesar 60%. Pada situasi pre hospital, kebenaran petugas dalam membuat keputusan triage dalam penanganan korban memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh table top SALT triage dalam meningkatkan kemampuan triage pre hospital dan kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperiment dengan pre-post test with control group. Pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan tehnik purposive sampling. Responden yang didapatkan berjumlah 78 orang. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan nilai p = 0,000 yang artinya ada pengaruh table top SALT triage dalam meningkatkan kemampuan triage pre hospital dan kesiapsiagaan penanganan korban bencana. Kata Kunci : bencana; kesiapsiagaan; pre hospital; table top; triage
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Helen, Jeki Van, Marjohan Marjohan und Alizamar Alizamar. „Bimbingan Kelompok Pola BMB3 untuk Peningkatan Pengendalian Diri Korban Bencana dalam Mengatasi PTSD“. JKI (Jurnal Konseling Indonesia) 4, Nr. 2 (11.04.2019): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jki.v4i2.3045.
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This study aims to understand the empirical conditions of the self-control ability of disaster victims who have PTSD and counseling services to overcome them. An explorative quantitative method is used by involving 41 adolescent disaster victims. Self-control is measured using the self-control scale with a reliability of 0.90. The results showed that respondents had low self-control, making them vulnerable to PTSD. Group guidance with BMB3 patterns are believed to be appropriate for facilitating victims.
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Siregar, Amril Mutoi. „PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA DI INDONESIA“. INTERNAL (Information System Journal) 1, Nr. 2 (15.02.2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32627/internal.v1i2.42.
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Indonesia is a country located in the equator, which has beautiful natural. It has a mountainous constellation, beaches and wider oceans than land, so that Indonesia has extraordinary natural beauty assets compared to other countries. Behind the beauty of natural it turns out that it has many potential natural disasters in almost all provinces in Indonesia, in the form of landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, Mount Meletus and others. The problem is that the government must have accurate data to deal with disasters throughout the province, where disaster data can be in categories or groups of regions into very vulnerable, medium, and low disaster areas. It is often found when a disaster occurs, many found that the distribution of long-term assistance because the stock for disaster-prone areas is not well available. In the study, it will be proposed to group disaster-prone areas throughout the province in Indonesia using the k-means algorithm. The expected results can group all regions that are very prone to disasters. Thus, the results can be Province West java, central java very vulnerable categories, provinces Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, east Java and North Sulawesi in the medium category, provinces Bengkulu, Lampung, Riau Island, Babel, DIY, Bali, West Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, west Papua including of rare categories. With the results obtained in this study, the government can map disaster-prone areas as well as prepare emergency response assistance quickly. In order to reduce the death toll and it is important to improve the services of disaster victims. With accurate data can provide prompt and appropriate assistance for victims of natural disasters.
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Siregar, Amril Mutoi. „PENERAPAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS UNTUK PENGELOMPOKAN DAERAH RAWAN BENCANA DI INDONESIA“. INTERNAL (Information System Journal) 1, Nr. 2 (15.02.2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32627/internal.v1i2.322.
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Indonesia is a country located in the equator, which has beautiful natural. It has a mountainous constellation, beaches and wider oceans than land, so that Indonesia has extraordinary natural beauty assets compared to other countries. Behind the beauty of natural it turns out that it has many potential natural disasters in almost all provinces in Indonesia, in the form of landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, Mount Meletus and others. The problem is that the government must have accurate data to deal with disasters throughout the province, where disaster data can be in categories or groups of regions into very vulnerable, medium, and low disaster areas. It is often found when a disaster occurs, many found that the distribution of long-term assistance because the stock for disaster-prone areas is not well available. In the study, it will be proposed to group disaster-prone areas throughout the province in Indonesia using the k-means algorithm. The expected results can group all regions that are very prone to disasters. Thus, the results can be Province West java, central java very vulnerable categories, provinces Aceh, North Sumatera, West Sumatera, east Java and North Sulawesi in the medium category, provinces Bengkulu, Lampung, Riau Island, Babel, DIY, Bali, West Kalimantan, North Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, Maluku, North Maluku, Papua, west Papua including of rare categories. With the results obtained in this study, the government can map disaster-prone areas as well as prepare emergency response assistance quickly. In order to reduce the death toll and it is important to improve the services of disaster victims. With accurate data can provide prompt and appropriate assistance for victims of natural disasters.
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Sato, Shosuke, Hiroko Koumoto und Shigeo Tatsuki. „Grasp of Utilization of Social Networking Services in Restoration Process – Interview Survey for N City-Related Citizens of the Great East Japan Earthquake –“. Journal of Disaster Research 10, Nr. 5 (01.10.2015): 948–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2015.p0948.
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The present study aims to examine the utilization of social networking services in the restoration period after the Great East Japan Earthquake. Interviews administered to users of social networking services, including both disaster victims and non-victims, were conducted in an affected area. The data showed that all the interviewees started using Facebook after the disaster in order to obtain and share information regarding various restoration activities. Respondents used the services to form a new network, which substituted previous local communities, and to gain an understanding of the realities of the affected area and inhabitants. The results also showed that existing ethical issues on the Internet were present in some cases.
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Norris, Kimberley, und S. C. Anbarasu. „Clinical Implications of Cultural Differences in Factors Influencing Resilience following Natural Disaster: A Narrative Review“. International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 35, Nr. 1 (März 2017): 38–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072701703500103.
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Purpose In the immediate aftermath of disasters, unaffected individuals and organisations attempt to help in whatever capacity may be available to them - including the provision of mental health interventions. It is therefore important to identify the mental health outcomes of such disaster in order for such help to target culturally appropriate interventions for these populations. Objective The objectives of this literature review were to identify and describe the mental health outcomes, interventions, and resilience or coping skills of survivors following natural disasters - namely earthquakes, hurricanes, tsunamis and floods -across different cultural settings. Methods Due to the small number of studies identified, a narrative approach was employed to compile the data. Results Twelve studies were identified for this review and PTSD was the most common mental health outcome identified. Even though there were some differences in resilience and coping strategies of natural disaster survivors, on a micro-environmental level, social support appeared to be common. On a macro-systemic level, community factors, such as community services, cultural factors, spirituality and religion contributed to resilience across several cultures. However, mental health interventions adopted varied across different cultures. Conclusion Mental health professionals can increase the extent to which they are viewed by victims as a viable source of assistance following a disaster by being aware of the impacts of culture and social class on mental health outcomes. Furthermore, targeting diversity among group members in the planning of disaster mental health services can likewise increase the trust with which diverse ethnic groups view mental health professionals. In essence, mental health professionals have to be innovative and think outside the box to meet the needs of disaster victims.
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Moslehi, Shandiz, Arezoo Dehghani, Gholamreza Masoumi, Rahim Ali Sheikhi und Fahimeh Barghi Shirazi. „The Role of the Mosque as an Emergency Shelter in Disasters: A Systematic Review“. Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly 8 (01.01.2023): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/hdq.8.specialissue.310.4.
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Background: Providing emergency shelter for disaster victims is a part of disaster risk mitigation strategies. International organizations have proposed a framework for appropriate planning and emergency shelter design. These agencies are encouraging local authorities to manage events to use existing structures such as schools, community centers, etc., as emergency shelters for the victims. According to the social religious and spiritual status of mosques in communities, these centers are one of the crucial elements to create a safe and trusted shelter during disasters. This study aims to identify the role of mosques as emergency shelters in disasters. Materials and Methods: This study was a systematic study that searched the words related to the research title (disaster management, emergency shelter, mosque) with AND, OR operators in PubMed, Web of Sciences, Science Direct, and Scopus databases, and the Google scholar search engine, as well as Persian language databases of SID, Magiran, Irandoc, and Iran Medex. A three-step screening process was used to select studies using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews And Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Finally, the data were analyzed thematically. Results: Out of a total of 175 articles found, 6 articles were relevant to the purpose of the study and were analyzed. The results of the present study showed that mosques can be suitable shelters for risk management during accidents and disasters. Also, in this regard, a range of strategies for designing programs for public participation and mosques were identified. Conclusion: The services and the role of mosques in disaster occurrence as a shelter are very effective and these valuable services can be further extended using social capital, attracting the attention of religious institutions, and public participation.
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Wahyu P, Oktafiana, und Moch Shofwan. „Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi Masyarakat Korban Bencana Lumpur Lapindo Pada Kawasan Permukiman Di Desa Panggreh“. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Ilmu Sosial dan Teknologi (SNISTEK) 5 (28.09.2023): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/psnistek.v5i.8057.
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May 29 2006 is the day when the Lapindo Mud disaster occurred in Sidoarjo Regency. This natural disaster is a disaster where the ground releases gas along with hot mud with a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius. The Lapindo Mud disaster has inundated several villages located in several sub-districts in Sidoarjo Regency, where until now the condition of hot mudflow around the center of the eruption is still increasing. The village of Panggreh, situated in the Jabon District, Sidoarjo Regency, serves as a resettlement area for the victims of the Lapindo Mudflow. The region has a settlement where a portion of the Lapindo mudflow disaster victims have been relocated. The objective of this study is to comprehend the socio-economic situation of the Lapindo Mud Disaster victims in Panggreh Village. This research applies primary and secondary data collection methods along with descriptive qualitative research methodology that uses photo mapping techniques. The study's findings reveal that the educational facilities in Panggreh Lengap village are in excellent condition, the buildings were still sturdy and very decent, the educational services were very good. Health facilities and services are also good. The economy of the middle to lower class community. The majority of people feel the negative impact of moving their residence because of the Lapindo.
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Istiarsyah, Istiarsyah, Kamarullah Kamarullah, Robiansyah Setiawan und Amir Hasan Dawi. „Improving Disaster Preparedness Services for People with Disabilities“. Journal of ICSAR 7, Nr. 2 (30.07.2023): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um005v7i22023p248.
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Lack of disaster preparedness has contributed to many disaster victims, especially people with disabilities, who are often neglected in making disaster risk reduction plans. In light of the recent World Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (WCDRR) in Sendai, Japan, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR) 2015-2030, which establishes new priorities for disaster risk reduction over the next 15 years, this issue has become a hot topic since then. This paper aims to contribute ideas to the Indonesian government in reforming and improving disaster preparedness services for people with disabilities based on successful theories, research, and practices developed in several countries. Through reviewing literature studies related to the issue and interviewing relevant informants in Indonesia, both data sources coped with six strategies that may contribute to improving disaster preparedness for disabled individuals. The strategies as the results of this study are intended to be used as reference material, particularly by the Indonesian National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), in order to aid in the creation of a framework to better comprehend the communication, mobilization, transportation, and medical requirements of people with disabilities in the context of preparing disaster preparedness program scenarios.
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Diniyah, Ajeng Al Maidatut. „EVALUASI KINERJA BADAN PENANGGULANGAN BENCANA DAERAH (BPBD) DALAM MENCEGAH DAN MENANGGULANGI BENCANA ALAM DI KABUPATEN GRESIK TAHUN 2021“. Arthavidya Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi 25, Nr. 1 (31.03.2023): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.37303/a.v25i1.286.
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This study aims to evaluate the performance of the Regional Disaster Management Agency in preventing and overcoming natural disasters in Gresik Regency in 2021. This study uses descriptive qualitative methods so that to support this research, it is carried out by collecting data from the field, after that it is reduced or summarized according to the information obtained, then displayed or presented the opinions of informants according to performance indicators from BPBD Gresik Regency, then tested the validity of the data. using source triangulation and member check. So it can be concluded that the achievement of BPBD productivity in Gresik Regency can be said to be good but not optimal. In providing services for disasters, BPBD still cooperates with other stakeholders. So that in the implementation of handling causes delays. Several times the Gresik Regency BPBD has also carried out disaster prevention and mitigation training. Responsively BPBD Gresik Regency has been good, quick and spontaneous in carrying out emergency actions to carry out rescue, search, rescue and health services as well as social services for disaster victims. In accountability, the Gresik Regency BPBD has been carried out in accordance with existing standards.
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Joseph, Jan Elizabeth. „SOCIAL MEDIA RESPONSE IN DISASTER MANAGEMENT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE KERALA FLOODS“. SOCIETY AND CULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA 2, Nr. 2 (2022): 291–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.47509/scdi.2022.v02i02.04.
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A disaster can be any occurrence that can cause damage, ecological disruption, loss of human life, deterioration of health and health services on a scale, sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected community area (WHO). A disaster can be defined as an occurrence either natural or manmade that causes human suffering and creates human needs that victims cannot alleviate without assistance (American Red Cross ARC). Disaster has been classified into natural disasters such as flood, earthquake, cyclones, tsunami, drought, landslides, pest attacks, forest fires, avalanches, etc., and man-made and human induced such as technological, industrial accidents, etc. Recently Kerala has been susceptive to natural disasters due to the diverse changes in its ecology. Kerala witnessed consecutive floods in the year 2018 and 2019. During both these calamities social media played an important role in advocating the means of rescue and relief by effective resource management and consolidation of relief efforts; the victims of the flood utilised social media to seek help whereas the government and unaffected citizens utilised social media to mobilise rescue, camps and collection centre for people to donate to the affected. This study will look into the use of social media in disaster management with special reference to the Kerala floods. The different forms of involvement of social media in the event of this disaster, in terms of disaster preparation and response, will be analysed from the perspective of the government and the citizens. The focus of this paper is on the role of social media in the Kerala floods and how it served as a tool in disaster management.
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Hyun, Jinhee, Heeguk Kim und Yoon Jeong Ahn. „The Effect of Disaster Type and Characteristics of Damage on PTSD and Depression“. Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis 18, Nr. 4 (30.04.2022): 23–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14251/crisisonomy.2022.18.4.23.
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The goal of this study is to identify the effect of disaster type and characteristics of damage on PTSD and depression and to suggest effective intervention for mental health among victims of disasters. The main findings from the study are as follows. First, the participants of the study experienced typhoons 26.8%, torrential rain 25.8%, earthquakes 32.5%, and fire 14.8%. They experienced life-threatening event 42.3%, physical injury 6.3%, and material damage 79.7%. Second, the risk groups of PTSD represented 35.6% and depression 14.6% among the participants. Third, PTSD had significant differences according to the type and time of the disaster, threatened life, physical injury, and material damage. The depression had significant differences according to the type and time of the disaster, physical injury, and material damage. Fourth, the type and time of the disaster, threatened life, and physical injury were found to have a significant effect on both PTSD and depression. Based on the results, the effective disaster mental health services were suggested.
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Kondo, Hisayoshi, Yuichi Koido, Yasuo Hirose, Ken Kumagai, Masato Homma und Hiroshi Henmi. „Analysis of Trends and Emergency Activities Relating to Critical Victims of the Chuetsuoki Earthquake“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, Nr. 1 (Februar 2012): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11000082.
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AbstractIntroduction: When a large-scale disaster occurs, it is necessary to use the available resources in a variety of sites and scenes as efficiently as possible. To conduct such operations efficiently, it is necessary to deploy limited resources to the places where they will be the most effective. In this study, emergency and medical response activities that occurred following the Chuetsuoki Earthquake in Japan were analyzed to assess the most efficient and effective activities.Methods: Records of patient transports by emergency services relating to the Niigata Chuetsuoki Earthquake, a magnitude 6.8 earthquake that struck Japan on 16 July 2007 were analyzed, and interview surveys were conducted.Results: The occurrence of serious injuries caused by this earthquake essentially was limited to the day the earthquake struck. A total of 682 patients were treated on the day of the quake, of which about 90 were hospitalized. Of the 17 patients whose conditions were life-threatening, three were rescued and transported to hospital by firefighters, three were transported by ambulance, and 11 were transported to hospital using private means. Sixteen people were subsequently transferred to other hospitals, six of these by helicopter. There was difficulty in meeting all of the requests for emergency services within 4 to 6 hours of the earthquake’s occurrence. Most transports of patients whose conditions were life-threatening were between hospitals rather than from the scene of the injury. Transfers of critical patients between hospitals were efficient early on, but this does not necessarily mean that inter-hospital transfers were given higher priority than treatment at emergency scenes.Conclusion: During the acute emergency period following a disaster-causing event, it is difficult to meet all requests for emergency services. In such cases, it is necessary to conduct efficient activities that target critically injured patients. Since hospital transfers are matters of great urgency, it is necessary to consider assigning resource investment priority to hospital transfers during this acute period, when ambulance services may be insufficient to meet all needs. To deal with such disasters appropriately, it is necessary to ensure effective information exchange and close collaboration between ambulance services, firefighting organizations, disaster medical assistance teams, and medical institutions.
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Reilly, Michael J., und David Markenson. „Hospital Referral Patterns: How Emergency Medical Care Is Accessed in a Disaster“. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 4, Nr. 3 (Oktober 2010): 226–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/dmp.2010.30.
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ABSTRACTBackground:A prevalent assumption in hospital emergency preparedness planning is that patient arrival from a disaster scene will occur through a coordinated system of patient distribution based on the number of victims, capabilities of the receiving hospitals, and the nature and severity of illness or injury. In spite of the strength of the emergency medical services system, case reports in the literature and major incident after-action reports have shown that most patients who present at a health care facility after a disaster or other major emergency do not necessarily arrive via ambulance. If these reports of arrival of patients outside an organized emergency medical services system are accurate, then hospitals should be planning differently for the impact of an unorganized influx of patients on the health care system. Hospitals need to consider alternative patterns of patient referral, including the mass convergence of self-referred patients, when performing major incident planning.Methods:We conducted a retrospective review of published studies from the past 25 years to identify reports of patient care during disasters or major emergency incidents that described the patients' method of arrival at the hospital. Using a structured mechanism, we aggregated and analyzed the data.Results:Detailed data on 8303 patients from more than 25 years of literature were collected. Many reports suggest that only a fraction of the patients who are treated in emergency departments following disasters arrive via ambulance, particularly in the early postincident stages of an event. Our 25 years of aggregate data suggest that only 36% of disaster victims are transported to hospitals via ambulance, whereas 63% use alternate means to seek emergency medical care.Conclusions:Hospitals should evaluate their emergency plans to consider the implications of alternate referral patterns of patients during a disaster. Additional consideration should be given to mass triage, site security, and the potential need for decontamination after a major incident.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:226-231)
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Hanafi, Syahrul. „THE ROLE OF THE ZAKAT MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION (ZMO) IN RESTORING THE CONDITION OF POST-DISASTER VILLAGES IN NORTH LOMBOK REGENCY“. Mu'amalat: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 16, Nr. 1 (30.06.2024): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/mu.v16i1.10610.
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The earthquake that occurred in NTB province resulted in many deaths, refugees, and damaged buildings. The earthquake disaster also damaged the community's economic, social, and educational conditions. One of the areas most severely affected by the earthquake was North Lombok Regency (KLU). Many non-governmental organizations, including zakat management organizations (ZMO), have participated in distributing aid and restoring the condition of villages in KLU. This study aims to determine the role of ZMO in restoring the condition of villages in KLU. This research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The results of the study found that: ZMO began to distribute disaster assistance in KLU during the phase when the disaster occurred, starting from steps 1) rescue and search for victims; 2) evacuation of victims. Then in the post-disaster phase, starting from steps 1) donations and services, 2) consolidation and 3) reconstruction and rehabilitation. The last phase carried out by ZMO is the pre-disaster phase, where the steps taken are disaster preparedness.
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Adamis, D., V. Papanikolaou, R. C. Mellon und G. Prodromitis. „The impact of wildfires on mental health of residents in a rural area of Greece. A case control population based study“. European Psychiatry 26, S2 (März 2011): 1188. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72893-0.
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IntroductionPsychopathological disturbances are common in the aftermaths of a disaster. The consequences of these disorders can be long lasting. In August of 2007 an intense and destructive wildfire broke out in the Peloponnesus peninsula in Greece.ObjectivesTo investigate psychological and psychiatric morbidity in individuals who had experienced severe exposure to a wildfire disaster in a part of Greece and to indentify risk factors for the post disaster psychological problems.AimsTo investigate a broader spectrum of mid-term psychological and psychiatric morbidity in victims, to evaluate the proportion of psychopathology that could be accredited to the disaster, to estimate the association of losses with different psychological symptoms, to indentify risk factors for psychopathology.MethodsA Cross sectional case control study of adult population (18–65 years old). Data collected among others were demographic, Symptom Checklist 90-Revised for assessment of psychological difficulties, type and number of losses.ResultsThose damnified from the disaster scored significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the symptoms of somatisation, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoia, and had significantly more symptoms (PST) and were more distressed by them (GSI) compared to controls. In addition risk factors for someone to be a psychiatric case were to be a victim from the fire, to have finished primary school, to be windowed and to have damages to his property.ConclusionsWildfires can cause considerable psychological symptoms in victims and there are reasons for public health policy makers to create services in order to help and improve the mental health of those affected.
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Reddy, Himabindu, und Annekathryn Goodman. „Gender-Based Violence After A Natural Disaster“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34, s1 (Mai 2019): s133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19002917.
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Introduction:Gender-based violence is endemic across the world. The current evidence suggests that gender-based violence increases after natural disasters. Factors leading to this increase following natural disasters include physical displacement, loss of community supports and protections, economic hardship, and gendered differences in coping. Multiple agencies are mobilized in response to natural disasters, however, personnel are often not adequately trained to recognize or address gender-based violence.Aim:To identify challenges faced by disaster responders in recognizing and responding to gender-based violence in disaster settings, and to advocate for gender-sensitive training prior to deployment by responding personnel.Methods:The world’s literature was reviewed to identify challenges for disaster teams in recognizing and responding to gender-based violence, and to identify principles of training which may be applicable for pre-deployment competency building by disaster response personnelResults:Disaster response programs should ensure: Collection of data to identify vulnerable populationsEstablishment of procedures for monitoring and reportingInclusion of female staff at all levels of planning and responseImplementation of holistic services including physical and psychosocial care and legal responseSafety in designing accommodations and distribution centersPre-Deployment training should include: Gender-sensitive approach, knowledge of prevalence and impact of gender-based violenceFamiliarity with behaviors and conditions associated with gender-based violenceNon-judgmental, supportive, and validating approach to inquiry and responseFamiliarity with risk assessment toolsMobilization of social supportsKnowledge of resources, including medical and legal servicesDiscussion:Natural disasters are destabilizing events which expose vulnerable populations, particularly women, to increased violence. Disaster response teams should be adequately trained on the prevalence and impact of gender-based violence to ensure gender-sensitive interventions. Standard training of response personnel can ensure adequate identification of victims of gender-based violence and referral to appropriate services.
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Nguyễn, Tiến Dũng, und Như Lâm Nguyễn. „Emergency medical services: Literature review.“ Tạp chí Y học Thảm hoạ và Bỏng, Nr. 6 (26.01.2022): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54804/yhthvb.6.2021.87.
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Emergency Medical Service (EMS) systems worldwide are complex systems, characterized by significant variation between countries, care pathways and quality care indicators. Therefore, analyzing and improving them is challenging. As the EMS systems differ between countries, it is difficult to provide generic rules and approaches for EMS planning. However, the common target of all countries is to offer medical assistance to patients/victims with serious injuries or illnesses in disaster/ mass casualty incidents as quickly as possible. This paper presents an overview of logistical problems arising for EMS providers.
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Korver, Adriaan J. H. „What is a Disaster?“ Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 2, Nr. 1-4 (1986): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00030661.
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One of the most serious bottle-necks in the discussions concerning the medical disaster relief is the lack of any uniformity of the concept “Disaster.”In the summary of the International Congress on Disaster Medicine (Mainz 1977) (1) we can read “The definition of a disaster. This question hung over many of the discussions of the Congress. Several speakers drew attention to the fundamental differences between relief services for an air or train crash and those for an earthquake or flood. Armed conflicts can present different problems again which in themselves vary enormously. While numbers of victims were submitted as a basis for one classification, numbers alone are not enough.”
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Beyramijam, PhD, Mehdi, Hamidreza Khankeh, PhD, Mohammad Ali Shahabi-Rabori, MS, Mohsen Aminizadeh, PhD und Hojjat Sheikhbardsiri, PhD. „Hospital disaster preparedness in Iranian province: A cross-sectional study using a standard tool“. American Journal of Disaster Medicine 16, Nr. 3 (01.09.2021): 233–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2021.0406.
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Objective: Hospitals are the first place to refer the victims of emergencies and disasters. Hamadan province, as one of the provinces in western Iran, like other parts of this country is exposed to various emergencies and disasters. This study was conducted to evaluate the level of hospital disaster preparedness in the Hamadan province of Iran using a standard tool.Methods: This study was conducted in Hamadan province’s hospitals in Iran. The Persian version of the World Health Organization Hospital Emergency Response Checklist was used as an evaluation tool. It consists of nine key components: command and control, triage, human resources, communications, surge capacity, logistics/supply management, safety and security, continuity of essential services, and post-disaster recovery. Data entry and analysis were performed using IBM® SPSS® software (version 18).Results: Fifteen hospitals participated in this study (response rate 83 percent). Most hospitals (53.33 percent) were in moderate preparedness level, 26.66 percent are in good, and 13.33 percent are at a poor level. There was no significant relationship between “the hospital type” and “the hospital size” (number of beds) and preparedness score (p 0.05).Conclusions: This study showed that most of the hospitals in the Hamadan province regarding the components of “logistics” and “essential services” are at a poor disaster preparedness level. Accordingly, the hospital authorities and managers must adopt a comprehensive strategy for strengthening the hospital disaster preparedness measures, especially in these components.
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Nocera, Antony. „Prior Planning to Avoid Responders Becoming “Victims” During Disasters“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, Nr. 1 (März 2000): 54–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00024912.
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AbstractPrior planning to meet the physical and mental needs of medical and emergency services responder, is a practical measure to reduce staff stress. This has the potential to improve both the operational efficiency of a disaster response and reduce the incidence of post-traumatic stress disorders in responders. Research is needed to define which interventions provide the greatest benefits to local responders.
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Waugh, William L. „Liza Ireni Saban: Disaster Emergency Management: The Emergence of Professional Help Services for Victims of Natural Disasters“. Democracy and Security 13, Nr. 1 (02.01.2017): 98–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17419166.2016.1271099.
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Atanacio, Marlon. „Emergency Number Services Rescue Mobile App in Sta. Cruz, Laguna“. Journal of Innovative Technology Convergence 4, Nr. 2 (30.12.2022): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.69478/jitc2022v4n2a05.
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This paper aimed to support and help people who are experiencing emergencies, mishaps, crimes, vehicle problems, or disasters in Sta. Cruz, Laguna. With this, an Emergency Number Services Rescue Mobile App in Sta. Cruz, Laguna was devised, developed, and evaluated. This app provides different emergency units where people can send emergency message information, GPS location, and direct calls where users or victims encounter an emergency, crime, vehicle problem, or disaster situation. Respondents from Sta. Cruz Laguna using stratified random sampling was utilized. The use of the descriptive method of research was identified in the study. Questionnaires, formal interviews, observation, library resources, and Internet resources were used for data gathering. The emergency application was assessed by the respondents through software evaluation using ISO/IEC 25010:2011, which got an overall weighted mean of 3.79 with an interpretation of “Agree.”
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Weisæth, Lars. „Preventing After-Effects of Disaster Trauma: The Information and Support Centre“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 19, Nr. 1 (März 2004): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00001527.
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AbstractThis paper describes the establishment and activities of the Information and Support Centres developed in Norway in the aftermath of large-scale accidents and disasters between 1980 and 1990. The function of these Centres is to provide rapid, authoritative information and psychosocial support services for the next-of-kin of disaster victims, including the families of those missing. By gathering together those affected by a particular event, the Centres provide a setting in which individuals and families can support each other. The activities of the psychosocial team include triage for mental-health emergencies, orienting survivors to immediately available local services, communication with family, friends, and community, and other forms of psychological first aid. The psychosocial team also provides linkages to local health, clergy, and other local resources that are near to the family's home and could provide continued care if necessary.
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Susanto, Agus, und Santi Purwaningrum. „SIPAMBULAN: Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Ambulan menggunakan Algoritma Djikstra“. Infotekmesin 14, Nr. 1 (09.01.2023): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/infotekmesin.v14i1.1674.
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The rapid development of information technology encourages innovation in various fields, including the field of disaster geographic information services. Lack of information on ambulance service providers is often the cause of delays in handling victims of natural disasters. Besides, the absence of information regarding the nearest route for ambulances to emergency service providers such as health centers and hospitals adds to the length of time for handling victims of natural disasters, resulting in increasingly severe victim losses, including life. This study aims to create a geographic information system that can be used to provide information on the location of the nearest ambulance service provider and emergency unit service. The system development research method uses the extreme programming method by implementing the Djikstra algorithm to determine the shortest route. This system testing process consists of testing the Djikstra algorithm and testing functionality using a usability scale. Djikstra's algorithm testing is done by comparing the results of calculating the shortest route for two location points with the results obtained when using the Google Maps application. The results of this test indicate that the system can display shorter routes than the routes generated by the Google Maps application. On the other hand, testing system functionality using the usability scale method to see system acceptance by users shows that the application can be used properly with a score obtained that is 77.
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de Souza, Tatiana Holanda Pereira, und Elaine Silva Miranda. „Preparedness of Pharmaceutical Services in Military Organizations: Learning from an Assessment in Brazil“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 35, Nr. 1 (06.12.2019): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x19005090.
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AbstractIntroduction:The participation of armed forces in humanitarian operations and in disaster response is common in many countries. In Brazil, the armed forces have had history in providing health support to victims in emergencies, which also includes the provision of pharmaceutical services (PS).Problem:Even though being essential for the provision of health care in disaster response, the preparedness of PS is not well-addressed in the literature. The use of a comprehensive approach to evaluate preparedness of PS in military institutions may subsidize preparedness measures. The goals of this work were to analyze the preparedness of PS for disaster response and humanitarian aid in military units of a Brazilian armed force institution, and to propose a framework to improve the preparedness of PS in operational medicine.Methods:An investigation of a cross-sectional design was performed. A logic model and indicators to evaluate preparedness of PS were applied. Data were obtained from official documents, interviews with key stakeholders, and observation of good storage practices (GSP).Results:Identified were: lack of specific budget for medicine procurement in case of disaster, absence of emergency stockpile, proper means for medicine transportation, and records of trained health professionals. An emergency plan, a list of selected medicines, adaptable mobile health care units, and a system for mobilization of health professionals were some of the positive aspects recognized. Different aspects for improvement were acknowledged and recommendations to favor the efficiency and the quality of PS in emergencies were proposed.Conclusions:The investigation provided valuable results for the planning and execution of responses to disasters and humanitarian aid. The findings and proposed recommendations may be useful for other military organizations similar to those in Brazil.
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Furbee, Paul M., Jeffery H. Coben, Sharon K. Smyth, William G. Manley, Daniel E. Summers, Nels D. Sanddal, Teri L. Sanddal et al. „Realities of Rural Emergency Medical Services Disaster Preparedness“. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 21, Nr. 2 (April 2006): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x0000337x.
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AbstractIntroduction:Disaster preparedness is an area of major concern for the medical community that has been reinforced by recent world events. The emergency healthcare system must respond to all types of disasters, whether the incidents occur in urban or rural settings. Although the barriers and challenges are different in the rural setting, common areas of preparedness must be explored.Problem:This study sought to answer several questions, including: (1) What are rural emergency medical services (EMS) organizations training for, compared to what they actually have seen during the last two years?; (2) What scale and types of events do they believe they are prepared to cope with?; and (3) What do they feel are priority areas for training and preparedness?Methods:Data were gathered through a multi-region survey of 1,801 EMS organizations in the US to describe EMS response experiences during specific incidents as well as the frequency with which these events occur. Respondents were asked a number of questions about local priorities.Results:A total of 768 completed surveys were returned (43%). Over the past few years, training for commonly occurring types of crises and emergencies has declined in favor of terrorism preparedness. Many rural EMS organizations reported that events with 10 or fewer victims would overload them. Low priority was placed on interacting with other non-EMS disaster response agencies, and high priority was placed on basic staff training and retention.Conclusion:Maintaining viable, rural, emergency response capabilities and developing a community-wide response to natural or man-made events is crucial to mitigate long-term effects of disasters on a local healthcare system. The assessment of preparedness activities accomplished in this study will help to identify common themes to better prioritize preparedness activities and maximize the response capabilities of an EMS organization.
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Firmansyah, Muchammad Iqbal, Fajar Rahmanto und Deni Setiawan. „THE PREPAREDNESS FOR THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC MANAGEMENT IN INDONESIA“. Jurnal Administrasi Kesehatan Indonesia 8, Nr. 2 (09.10.2020): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jaki.v8i2.2020.188-201.
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Background: The increase in disaster events requires preparedness from health workers as the frontline to provide medical services in handling victims when a disaster occurs. Many of medical workers infected with COVID-19 where at least 47 nurses in Indonesia have tested positive with the number of nurses having ODP and PDP status totaling 546 people and 44 people cause additional problem in handling COVID-19.Aims: This article aims to determine the readiness of health workers in handling pandemic disasters in suppressing the potential risks due to the COVID-19 outbreak through medical services provided.Methods: The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach. Secondary data collection techniques from previous references and public documents related to COVID-19 disaster management in Indonesia. Data analysis using NVivo12 Plus software with a query analysis approach.Results: The results showed the ratio of health workers in Indonesia for medical services in handling the COVID-19 pandemic disaster was not ideal were for doctors 0.4 and nurses 2.1 were still far behind from developed countries where the ratio of health workers was above 2.5 doctors and 5.5 for nurses. Then, infrastructure aspects in general for referral hospitals handling COVID-19 almost in every province that has supported through the distribution of medical material equipment to various regions, provinces and districts, as well as hospitals that need it in all areas of Indonesia in the form of surgical masks (1,997,684 pieces), PPE of 1,659,955 units, coupled with Rapid Test equipment of 1,011,130 units.Conclusion: The readiness of health workers in providing medical services for the handling of a pandemic disaster influenced by the number of human resources, operational standards, and facilities for health facilities.
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Reuben, Etuk, Grace, und Macpherson U. Nnam. „Predictors and Risk Factors of Armed Robbery Victimisation in Nigeria: An Integrated Theoretical Perspective“. European Scientific Journal, ESJ 14, Nr. 29 (31.10.2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2018.v14n29p1.
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The rapidly increasing rate of armed robbery victimisation in Nigeria necessitated the integration of five relevant victimological and sociological/criminological theories in this paper to provide a detailed account of the causal processes and conditions that predict this offending behaviour. The paper is essentially theoretical, relying mainly on library research and review of relevant literature to obtain necessary data and information. It was found that armed robbery, as a social problem, is caused by many factors and the associated risk factors are countless and destructive. Issues raised suggest a policy direction that will ensure a timely and objective incorporation of the global best practices—as enshrined in the Victims’ Bill of Right (VBR), among others, into the Nigerian legal system, so as to effectively combat armed robbery victimisation and related offences. The official introduction of victim impact statements, victim-offender reconciliation, crisis interventions and restorative justice into the Nigerian criminal justice system is also advocated for. Additionally, it is suggested that social service agencies and/or providers should extend their caring services beyond victims of disaster/disease and terrorism to include armed robbery victims, given the alarming nature and extent of this phenomenon in the country.