Zeitschriftenartikel: „Diet behaviour“

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Marks, Vincent. „Diet and behaviour“. Nutrition & Food Science 85, Nr. 5 (Mai 1985): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb059085.

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Burns, John. „Diet and dog behaviour“. Veterinary Record 180, Nr. 4 (27.01.2017): 102.2–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.j415.

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Connolly, Kevin. „Diet, brain and behaviour“. Nature 333, Nr. 6171 (Mai 1988): 311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/333311a0.

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Bui, Thi My Anh, Quynh Anh Pham, Thi Thanh Hoa Nguyen, Thi Huyen Trang Tran und Thi Hoa Tran. „Hành vi chế độ ăn lành mạnh và một số yếu tố liên quan trong nhóm vị thành niên tại Việt Nam năm 2019“. Journal of Health and Development Studies 05, Nr. 01 (20.02.2021): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.38148/jhds.0501skpt20-022.

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Unhealthy diet behavior contributed to a risk factor for the reasons of non-comunicable diseases. Increasing in unhealthy eating habits among adolecenses such as skipping breakfast, consumption of soft drinks and fast food can cause for the situation of obesity in young people group that is a concerning problem nowadays. Objectives: the study aim to describe the situation of unhealthy diet behaviors and its related factors among adolecenses in Hanoi in 2019. Methods: a cross-sectional study design was conducted from July 2019 to May 2020. A total of 1770 adolescenses aged from 16 to 18 at 15 high schools in 5 districts in Hanoi were selected in this study. Results: The results showed that a half of participants in this study had a reasonable and healthy diet. Approximately one fouth of adolecenses had a behaviors of drinking milk 4 times per week, only 45% of adolecenses had a daily breakfast. Gender and smoking behaviour were found a significant related to healthy diet behaviour among adolecense. Conclusions: In order to maintain a healthy diet behaviour in young people group, it is necessary to enhance the IEC campaign for adolecenses to follow and keep a reasonable and health diet such as having a daily breakfast, eating vegetables, reducing salty and fatty in their meals. Keywords: Risk behaviour, healthy/unhealthy diet, adolecenses, Vietnam…

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Johansson, I. „Diet Counselling and Behaviour Change“. Caries Research 27, Nr. 1 (1993): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000261602.

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Shepherd, Richard. „Resistance to Changes in Diet“. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 61, Nr. 2 (Mai 2002): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2002147.

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Dietary changes can be difficult to effect both at an individual and at a population level, and even when changes do occur they are often far slower and less pronounced than might be expected. Three possible reason for this situation will be considered: the complexity of food choice and competing influences, attitudinal ambivalence and optimistic bias. Food choice is influenced by a large number of factors, not only health considerations, and therefore it is not surprising that interventions based primarily on health concerns have been ineffective. Another concern is that people do not always have clear-cut attitudes, but rather can be ambivalent about foods and about healthy eating, and this factor might impact on the translation of beliets and attitudes into behaviour. A third possible reason is optimistic bias, where individuals believe themselves to be at less risk from various hazards than is the average person. This effect has been demonstrated for nutritional risks, and this factor might lead people to take less note of health education messages. The stages-of-change model from health psychology has been proposed as a method for improving the effectiveness of behaviour change interventions. However, there are a number of problems in transferring such a model from smoking, where it was originally developed, to dietary behaviours, including the lack of clear-cut specific behaviours and behaviour change targets in the dietary field.

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Baptissart, Marine, Harold E. Lamb, Kimberly To, Christine Bradish, Jesse Tehrani, David Reif und Michael Cowley. „Neonatal mice exposed to a high-fat dietin uteroinfluence the behaviour of their nursing dam“. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, Nr. 1891 (14.11.2018): 20181237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.1237.

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The behaviour of a nursing dam influences the development, physiology, and behaviour of her offspring. Maternal behaviours can be modulated both by environmental factors, including diet, and by physical or behavioural characteristics of the offspring. In most studies of the effects of the environment on maternal behaviour, F0dams nurse their own F1offspring. Because the F1are indirectly exposed to the environmental stressorin uteroin these studies, it is not possible to differentiate between effects on maternal behaviour from direct exposure of the dam and those mediated by changes in the F1as a consequence ofin uteroexposure. In this study, we used a mouse model of high-fat (HF) diet feeding, which has been shown to influence maternal behaviours, combined with cross-fostering to discriminate between these effects. We tested whether the diet of the F0dam or the exposure experienced by the F1pupsin uterois the most significant predictor of maternal behaviour. Neither factor significantly influenced pup retrieval behaviours. However, strikingly, F1in uteroexposure was a significant predictor of maternal behaviour in the 15 min immediately following pup retrieval while F0diet had no discernable effect. Our findings suggest thatin uteroexposure to HF diet programmes physiological changes in the offspring which influence the maternal behaviours of their dam after birth.

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Seabert, Heidi. „Diet and Behaviour: Are They Linked?“ Adoption & Fostering 33, Nr. 1 (April 2009): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857590903300111.

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Cradock, Kevin A., Leo R. Quinlan, Francis M. Finucane, Heather L. Gainforth, Kathleen A. Martin Ginis, Ana Correia de Barros, Elizabeth B. N. Sanders und Gearóid ÓLaighin. „Identifying Barriers and Facilitators to Diet and Physical Activity Behaviour Change in Type 2 Diabetes Using a Design Probe Methodology“. Journal of Personalized Medicine 11, Nr. 2 (26.01.2021): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jpm11020072.

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Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) typically involves pharmacological methods and adjunct behavioural modifications, focused on changing diet and physical activity (PA) behaviours. Changing diet and physical activity behaviours is complex and any behavioural intervention in T2D, to be successful, must use an appropriate suite of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). In this study, we sought to understand the perceived barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change in persons with T2D, with a view to creating artefacts to facilitate the required behaviour changes. The Design Probe was chosen as the most appropriate design research instrument to capture the required data, as it enabled participants to reflect and self-document, over an extended period of time, on their daily lived experiences and, following this reflection, to identify their barriers and facilitators to diet and PA behaviour change. Design Probes were sent to 21 participants and 13 were fully completed. A reflective thematic analysis was carried out on the data, which identified themes of food environment, mental health, work schedule, planning, social support, cravings, economic circumstances and energy associated with diet behaviour. Similar themes were identified for PA as well as themes of physical health, weather, motivation and the physical environment.

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Goodfellow, Laura R., Susannah Earl, Cyrus Cooper und Nicholas C. Harvey. „Maternal Diet, Behaviour and Offspring Skeletal Health“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 7, Nr. 4 (16.04.2010): 1760–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph7041760.

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Verstegen, John P. „Does diet contribute to abnormal dog behaviour?“ Veterinary Record 180, Nr. 1 (06.01.2017): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.j52.

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Wong, Kim Lee, und Søren Bondrup-Nielsen. „Long-term effects of infant malnutrition on the behaviour of adult meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, Nr. 7 (01.07.1992): 1304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-182.

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Several studies on laboratory mice and rats have shown that malnutrition during infancy has a variety of long-term effects extending into adulthood. These effects are manifested in reproduction, including reduced litter sizes, reduced growth rates of the young, and skewed sex ratios, and in behaviour, including increased nervousness, decreased problem-solving ability, and reduced pup retrieval to the nest by the mother. This study investigated the effects of early malnutrition on behaviour in adult meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus. Experimental animals received a standard diet diluted with pure cornstarch (1 part standard diet to 2 parts pure cornstarch) through their mothers during lactation and directly for 3 weeks postweaning. Control individuals always received the standard diet ad libitum. The cumulative duration of 13 behaviours was measured in 10-min trial periods and compared between experimental and control animals. Experimental females differed from control females in a number of behaviours, especially those involving high activity levels, whereas experimental and control males showed little difference in the behaviours performed. The behaviour profile of previously malnourished females was similar to those of both control and experimental males. Increased activity, resulting from poor nutrition, may have consequences for dispersal and spacing behaviour.

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Pyndt Jørgensen, Bettina, Gudrun Winther, Pernille Kihl, Dennis S. Nielsen, Gregers Wegener, Axel K. Hansen und Dorte B. Sørensen. „Dietary magnesium deficiency affects gut microbiota and anxiety-like behaviour in C57BL/6N mice“. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 27, Nr. 5 (16.03.2015): 307–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2015.10.

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ObjectiveMagnesium deficiency has been associated with anxiety in humans, and rodent studies have demonstrated the gut microbiota to impact behaviour.MethodsWe investigated the impact of 6 weeks of dietary magnesium deficiency on gut microbiota composition and anxiety-like behaviour and whether there was a link between the two. A total of 20 C57BL/6 mice, fed either a standard diet or a magnesium-deficient diet for 6 weeks, were tested using the light-dark box anxiety test. Gut microbiota composition was analysed by denaturation gradient gel electrophoresis.ResultsWe demonstrated that the gut microbiota composition correlated significantly with the behaviour of dietary unchallenged mice. A magnesium-deficient diet altered the gut microbiota, and was associated with altered anxiety-like behaviour, measured by decreased latency to enter the light box.ConclusionMagnesium deficiency altered behavior. The duration of magnesium deficiency is suggested to influence behaviour in the evaluated test.

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Murphy, Michelle, und Julian G. Mercer. „Diet-Regulated Anxiety“. International Journal of Endocrinology 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/701967.

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A substantial proportion of noncommunicable disease originates in habitual overconsumption of calories, which can lead to weight gain and obesity and attendant comorbidities. At the other end of the spectrum, the consequences of undernutrition in early life and at different stages of adult life can also have major impact on wellbeing and quality of life. To help address some of these issues, greater understanding is required of interactions with food and contemporary diets throughout the life course and at a number of different levels: physiological, metabolic, psychological, and emotional. Here we review the current literature on the effects of dietary manipulation on anxiety-like behaviour. This evidence, assembled from study of preclinical models of diet challenge from gestation to adult life, supports a role for diet in the important connections between psychology, physiology, and behaviour. Analogous processes in the human population in our current obesogenic environment are likely to contribute to individual and societal challenges in this area.

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SIMMONDS, M. S., S. J. SIMPSON und W. M. BLANEY. „Dietary selection Behaviour in Spodoptera Littoralis: The Effects of conditioning Diet and conditioning period on Neural Responsiveness and selection Behaviour“. Journal of Experimental Biology 162, Nr. 1 (01.01.1992): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.162.1.73.

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1. This paper forms part of our study of the behavioural and neural mechanisms involved in dietary selection behaviour of larvae of the polyphagous noctuid Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval). 2. Larvae were conditioned on one of four chemically defined artificial diets for 4, 8 or 12 h. Diets differed in their proportions of protein and digestible carbohydrate: the PC diet contained 20% protein and 10% carbohydrate; the P diet contained 20 % protein but the 10 % carbohydrate was replaced by indigestible cellulose; the C diet contained 10% digestible carbohydrate and the protein was replaced by cellulose, and the 0 diet lacked both protein and carbohydrate. After conditioning, the larvae were exposed to either behavioural or electrophysiological experiments. 3. In the behavioural choice experiment, larvae were provided with both P and C diets for 9 h. The conditioning diets P and 0 influenced which of the two choice diets was first contacted; significantly higher proportions of the larvae conditioned on the P diet initially contacted the C choice diet and significantly higher proportions of larvae conditioned on the 0 diet initially contacted the P choice diet. Larvae fed on the diet they first contacted and the probability of stopping the first meal was greater when that diet was P, regardless of the conditioning diet. The duration of the first meal on the C choice diet was significantly longer for larvae conditioned on diets lacking digestible carbohydrate (P and 0) than for those conditioned on either PC or C diets. 4. Larvae were observed to compensate for a deficiency in protein by increasing the frequency of feeding contacts with the P choice diet but not the duration of these contacts. To compensate for a deficiency in digestible carbohydrate, the larvae increased the duration of their feeding contacts with the C choice diet. 5. In the electrophysiological experiment, the maxillary styloconic sensilla were stimulated with an amino acid mixture and sucrose. Neural responses were recorded from two groups of larvae, one after they had been conditioned on one of the four diets for 4, 8 or 12 h and the other after they had subsequently been exposed to the choice diets for 9h. Larvae in the first group that had been conditioned on diets lacking sucrose (P and 0) were more responsive to sucrose than larvae conditioned on diets containing sucrose (PC and C). The reverse occurred with the response to the amino acid mixture, with larvae conditioned on diets containing protein (PC and P) being less responsive to the amino acid mixture than those conditioned on diets lacking protein (C and 0). After the 9h choice period, the responsiveness of sensilla was no longer related to the conditioning diet.

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Hughes, R. N., und P. A. Mackney. „Foraging Behaviour and Memory Window in Sticklebacks“. Behaviour 132, Nr. 15-16 (1995): 1241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853995x00559.

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AbstractIndividuals were collected from a residential marine population of Spinachia spinachia, an anadromous population of Gasterosteus aculeatus forma trachura and a residential freshwater population of G. aculeatus forma leiura. After maintenance for 2 months on a diet of mysid, individuals were subjected to ten, consecutive daily trials on a diet of amphipods or oligochaetes. During this period, individuals learned to handle the prey more effectively, as measured by attack efficiency, handling efficiency and handling time. Learning was similar among populations but differed between diets, being more pronounced for amphipods, which are more difficult to catch and handle than oligochaetes. Once trained to these diets, fish were tested for foraging efficiency after successively longer periods of stimulus deprivation, when they were fed a maintenance diet of mysid. All three measures of foraging efficiency with the amphipod diet, but only that based on handling time with the oligochacte diet, declined to naive levels in the residential marine and anadromous populations. No decrease in foraging efficiency with either diet occurred in the residential freshwater population. Memory window was 8 d, 10 d and > 25 d in the residential marine, anadromous and residential freshwater populations respectively. The large difference between the freshwater and two marine populations is interpreted as an adaptive response to the stability of arrays of prey, characteristic of their respective habitats.

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Arva, S., M. Zendehdel, Y. EbrahimNezhad, J. Ghiasi Ghalehkandi, S. Hassanpour und H. Aghdam Shahryar. „Effect of opioid receptors agonists on feeding behaviour using different diets in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken“. Czech Journal of Animal Science 62, No. 3 (10.03.2017): 98–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2/2016-cjas.

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Despite progress in studying the role of opioids in reward, the effect of opioid receptors on feeding behaviour in ad libitum fed meat-type chicken offered different diet types is still unclear. So in this study, 12 experiments (each included 4 groups) were designed to determine the role of μ, δ, and κ receptors with different diets on feeding responses in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken. In Experiment 1, group A chicken were intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with saline, groups B–D chicken were ICV injected with DAMGO (µ-opioid receptor agonist; 125, 250, and 500 pmol), then standard diet without fat was offered. In Experiment 2, group A chicken were ICV injected with saline, groups B–D chicken were ICV injected with DAMGO (125, 250, and 500 pmol) and diet with nutrient energy ratio 20% below standard was provided to the birds. Experiments 3–4 were similar to Experiment 1, except after injection, diets containing nutrient energy ratio 20% above standard and standard diet with fat were provided to the birds, respectively. In Experiment 5, chicken were ICV injected with saline, DPDPE (δ-opioid receptor agonist) at doses of 20, 40, and 80 nmol, and then received standard diet without fat. Experiments 6–8 were similar to Experiment 5 in which diet containing nutrient energy ratio by 20% lower than standard, diet containing nutrient energy ratio by 20% higher than standard, and diet containing fat were provided instead of standard diet without fat to the birds, respectively. In Experiment 9, birds received ICV injection of saline and U-50488H (κ-opioid receptor agonist; 10, 20, and 40 nmol) and were provided standard diet without fat. Experiments 10–12 were similar to Experiment 9 but after ICV injection, birds were fed diet containing by 20% lower nutrient energy ratio, diet containing by 20% higher nutrient energy ratio, and standard diet containing fat, respectively. Then the cumulative food intake was measured until 180 min post injection. According to the results, DAMGO decreased while DPDPE and U-50488H increased the food intake (P < 0.05). These findings suggest endogenous governing food preferences via δ- and κ-opioid receptor in ad libitum fed neonatal chicken.

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Zavalaga, C. B., und R. Paredes. „Foraging behaviour and diet of the guanay cormorant“. South African Journal of Marine Science 21, Nr. 1 (01.06.1999): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/025776199784125980.

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Brand, T. S. „Grazing behaviour and diet selection by Dorper sheep“. Small Ruminant Research 36, Nr. 2 (Mai 2000): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-4488(99)00158-3.

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Avenell, Alison, Naveed Sattar und Mike Lean. „Management: Part I—Behaviour change, diet, and activity“. BMJ 333, Nr. 7571 (05.10.2006): 740–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.333.7571.740.

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Barker, M., S. Robinson, C. Wilman und D. J. P. Barker. „Behaviour, body composition and diet in adolescent girls“. Appetite 35, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2000): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/appe.2000.0345.

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Prache, Sophie, Iain J. Gordon und Andrew J. Rook. „Foraging behaviour and diet selection in domestic herbivores“. Annales de Zootechnie 47, Nr. 5-6 (1998): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19980502.

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Blundell, John, Deepa Gumaste, Rowena Handley und Louise Dye. „Diet, behaviour and cognitive functions: a psychobiological view“. Scandinavian Journal of Nutrition 47, Nr. 2 (Januar 2003): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11026480310006080.

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BREAKEY, J. „The role of diet and behaviour in childhood“. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 33, Nr. 3 (Juni 1997): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1754.1997.tb01578.x.

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Manrakhan, A., und S. A. Lux. „Contribution of natural food sources to reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of Ceratitis cosyra, C. fasciventris and C. capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae)“. Bulletin of Entomological Research 96, Nr. 3 (Juni 2006): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/ber2006421.

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AbstractThe influence of food sources comprising the natural diet on the reproductive behaviour, fecundity and longevity of three African fruit flies Ceratitis cosyra (Walker), C. fasciventris (Bezzi) and C. capitata (Wiedemann) was investigated. Three natural food sources, varying in protein and sugar content, were evaluated. These included bird droppings (farm chicken), aphid honeydew and guava (Psidium guajava L.) juice. For C. fasciventris and C. capitata, flies fed on a protein-rich diet displayed higher frequency of calling, mating and oviposition than flies fed on a protein-poor diet, whilst for C. cosyra, quality of diet significantly influenced the mating behaviour of the flies, but not the calling and oviposition behaviour. Net fecundity rates were lowest for C. fasciventris and C. capitata when fed only on guava juice (0.1, 2.6 eggs per female, respectively), and higher for those on a diet of honeydew only (9.5, 33.8 eggs per female, respectively) and a combined diet of guava, honeydew and chicken faeces (11.8, 25.8 eggs per female, respectively). For C. cosyra, due to low numbers of eggs collected, no significant differences in fecundity between diets could be detected. All species fed only on a diet of chicken faeces since emergence died within the first three days of adult life without laying eggs, but when carbohydrates were provided by addition of guava juice and honeydew, the longevity of the flies was sustained for more than four weeks after adult emergence. The practical implications of these findings for control purposes are discussed.

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Männistö, Satu, Tiina Laatikainen, Satu Helakorpi und Liisa M. Valsta. „Monitoring diet and diet-related chronic disease risk factors in Finland“. Public Health Nutrition 13, Nr. 6A (Juni 2010): 907–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980010001084.

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AbstractHealth and dietary monitoring has a long history in Finland. The aim of this review is to summarise the main sources of Finnish dietary information including food balance sheets, household budget survey data, questionnaires related to dietary behaviour and risk factors of main chronic diseases as well as dietary surveys. According to these sources, dietary behaviour and food choices have changed considerably during the last decades. For example, the total fat intake (E %) has decreased remarkably from nearly 40 % in the late 1960s to close to 30 % in 2007. Furthermore, the type of fat consumed has changed noticeably due to the increased popularity of oil used in cooking and the large variety of softer spreads available. There has also been a notable decrease in intake of salt, and a multiple increase in the consumption of fruits and vegetables since the 1970s. The future challenges of dietary monitoring include keeping the participation rates in dietary surveys at acceptable levels, controlling under/over-reporting of diet, developing a national monitoring system for children and adapting to international changes and requirements to harmonise dietary monitoring in Europe.

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Pfennig, Karin S., Verónica G. Rodriguez Moncalvo und Sabrina S. Burmeister. „Diet alters species recognition in juvenile toads“. Biology Letters 9, Nr. 5 (23.10.2013): 20130599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0599.

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Whether environmental effects during juvenile development can alter the ontogeny of adult mating behaviour remains largely unexplored. We evaluated the effect of diet on the early expression of conspecific recognition in spadefoot toads, Spea bombifrons . We found that juvenile toads display phonotaxis behaviour six weeks post-metamorphosis. However, preference for conspecifics versus heterospecifics emerged later and was diet dependent. Thus, the environment can affect the early development of species recognition in a way that might alter adult behaviour. Evaluating such effects is important for understanding variation in hybridization between species and the nature of species boundaries.

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Winther, Gudrun, Betina M. Pyndt Jørgensen, Betina Elfving, Denis Sandris Nielsen, Pernille Kihl, Sten Lund, Dorte Bratbo Sørensen und Gregers Wegener. „Dietary magnesium deficiency alters gut microbiota and leads to depressive-like behaviour“. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 27, Nr. 3 (18.02.2015): 168–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2015.7.

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ObjectiveGut microbiota (GM) has previously been associated with alterations in rodent behaviour, and since the GM is affected by the diet, the composition of the diet may be an important factor contributing to behavioural changes. Interestingly, a magnesium restricted diet has been shown to induce anxiety and depressive-like behaviour in humans and rodents, and it could be suggested that magnesium deficiency may mediate the effects through an altered GM.MethodsThe present study therefore fed C57BL/6 mice with a standard diet or a magnesium deficient diet (MgD) for 6 weeks, followed by behavioural testing in the forced swim test (FST) to evaluate depressive-like behaviour. An intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed 2 day after the FST to assess metabolic alterations. Neuroinflammatory markers were analysed from hippocampus. GM composition was analysed and correlated to the behaviour and hippocampal markers.ResultsIt was found that mice exposed to MgD for 6 weeks were more immobile than control mice in the FST, suggesting an increased depressive-like behaviour. No significant difference was detected in the GTT. GM composition correlated positively with the behaviour of undisturbed C57BL/6 mice, feeding MgD diet altered the microbial composition. The altered GM correlated positively to the hippocampal interleukin-6.ConclusionIn conclusion, we hypothesise that imbalances of the microbiota–gut–brain axis induced by consuming a MgD diet, contributes to the development of depressive-like behaviour.

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Sorosh, Zahra, Somayyeh Salari, Mohsen Sari, Jamal Fayazi und Saleh Tabatabaei. „Dietary zinc supplementation and the performance and behaviour of caged laying hens“. Animal Production Science 59, Nr. 2 (2019): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16706.

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There is considerable behavioural evidence demonstrating stress reactions in birds. Behaviour of birds can affect their performance parameters. Also, nutritional factors may affect the behaviour of laying hens. Dietary deficiencies, such as minerals can increase feather-pecking behaviour and cannibalism. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of dietary zinc (Zn) on performance and behaviour of laying hens with four treatments (40, 70, 100, 130 mg Zn/kg of diet) with 96 Hy-Line W-36 leghorn hens for 10 weeks. The results showed that egg production for hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet was significantly higher than for those receiving 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet (P < 0.05). Those hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet had lower feed consumption compared with those that had other treatments (P < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of Zn caused an improvement to feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). There was a treatment × time interaction on feeding behaviour that hens received 130 mg Zn/kg of diet spent significantly less time at the feeder than the other treatments. Hens receiving 130 mg Zn/kg of diet spent significantly less time drinking than the hens that received 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet. Also, those that received 130 mg Zn/kg of diet did more non-nutritive pecking and preening than the hens that received 40 and 70 mg Zn/kg of diet. High levels of Zn decreased the aggressive behaviour of hens compared with those that received 40 mg Zn/kg of diet (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that Zn can improve laying performance, and can decrease aggressive behaviour.

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Paddison, Jo, Hemi Heta und Ross Flett. „Hauora Tãne: Mãori Men, Health Behaviours, and the Stages of Change Model“. Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 11, Nr. 2 (Januar 2005): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200000089.

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Understanding the distribution of Mãori across stages of health behaviour change (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance) may inform the development of public health programs. In a replication and extension of a study by Nigg et al. (1999) we described the distribution of 73 Mãori male questionnaire respondents (age 18 to 59 years) across these stages for 8 healthy behaviours (avoiding dietary fat, eating fibre, reducing weight, regularly exercising, reducing stress, reducing sun exposure, using sunblock, and conducting cancer self-examinations). Respondents were also asked to rate their general health, health worries, and health locus of control. Evidence found of a continuum of change for ‘ignoring’, to ‘thinking about1 to ‘performing’ healthy behaviour provides moderate support for the idea that behaviour change is not an all-or-nothing event. There were no significant age effects. Respondents who rated their health more positively were more likely to report using sunblock, exercising regularly, and eating a high fibre diet. Respondents who felt they had more control over their health were more likely to eat a diet high in fibre. Eating a high fibre diet, exercising and managing stress were most strongly associated with the other health behaviours which may illustrate the concept of gateway behaviours proposed by Nigg et al. (1999).

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Rutherford, Gordon, Lively und Arnott. „The Effect of Behaviour and Diet on the Rumen Temperature of Holstein Bulls“. Animals 9, Nr. 11 (19.11.2019): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9111000.

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Rumen temperature boluses are becoming increasingly used as a means of monitoring core body temperature for the detection of ill health. However, the effect of behavior on rumen temperature is largely unknown. This research investigates the impact of behaviour and diet on the rumen temperature of Holstein bulls, both at grass, and in a housed environment. Rumen temperature was recorded at five-minute intervals using a bolus. Direct observations were conducted on young bulls in two studies (i) at grass (n = 30) and (ii) while housed (n = 32). In addition, activity monitors were attached to bulls at grass (n = 24). Within each study, diet differed by the level of concentrate supplementation. There was no effect of diet on rumen temperature. Significant differences in rumen temperature were observed between behaviour groups for bulls at grass (p < 0.001) and housed (p < 0.001). Furthermore, drinking resulted in the lowest rumen temperature (grass 35.97 °C; housed 36.70 °C). Therefore, rumen temperature is affected by behavior; however, the temperatures recorded were not outside the normal temperature range for healthy cattle.

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Komalasari, Via, Iwan Shalahuddin und Hasniatisari Harun. „Gambaran pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku tentang manajemen diet pada pasien hipertensi di Garut, Indonesia“. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan 14, Nr. 4 (24.12.2020): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v14i4.2989.

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Hypertension knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to diet management among patient with hypertension in Garut-IndonesiaBackground: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease in which cases are still many in Indonesia. The knowledge, attitude and patient behavior with proper diet management would like to recover. Knowledge is something that can underlie or encourage someone to take action or behavior. The recommended hypertension diet for people with hypertension is the consumption of food that is low in salt, low in fat, increase fibre, increase potassium intake, do not consume cigarette, coffee and alcohol, increase consumption of vegetable and fruit.Purpose: To determine description of Hypertension knowledge, attitudes, and behavior related to diet management among patient with hypertension in Garut-IndonesiaMethod: A quantitative approach with the population were patient with hypertension in Guntur Health Center, the samples were of 159 respondent using accidental sampling techniques. The instrument used as a questionnaire which includes knowledge, attitude and behaviour. Data analysis used univariate analysis.Results: Showed that most respondents had a good level of knowledge of 152 (95,6%) respondent,159 people (100%) had a supportive attitude, and of 159 (100%) respondent had a positive behavior. Reported that there were some behaviours need to change or preserve as local wisdom such as reducing the consumption of full cream milk, biscuit and egg yolk and maintaining consumption of fruit, vegetable and food that contain low fat.Conclusion: Base on the result expected to use as a reference and learning both in the provision of health education or other nursing care for the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of hypertension sufferers about dietary.Keywords: Hypertension; Knowledge; Attitudes; Behavior; Diet management; Patient.Pendahuluan: Diet hipertensi merupakan salah satu penatalaksanaan hipertensi yang mudah untuk diubah. Diet hipertensi bisa meningkatkan status kesehatan seseorang, status kesehatan seseorang bisa dipengaruhi oleh perilaku. Faktor yang yang erat kaitanya dengan perilaku adalah pengetahuan dan sikap. Pengetahuan yang baik dan sikap yang mendukung akan membantu terlaksananya penatalaksanaan hipertensi dengan benar.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku penderita hipertensi tentang manajemen diet. Metode: Penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, populasinya semua pasien yang menderita hipertensi di wilayah Garut dengan jumlah sampelnya sebanyak 159 responden dengan teknik pengambilan sampel accidental sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam bentuk kuesioner, yang meliputi: pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariatHasil: Menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan baik yaitu 152 orang (95,6%), sebanyak 159 (100%) responden memiliki sikap yang mendukung dan 159 (100%) responden memiliki perilaku yang positif.Simpulan: Ada beberapa perilaku yang harus ditingkatkan seperti mengurangi konsumsi susu full cream, biskuit dan kuning telur serta mempertahankan perilaku yang sudah baik seperti konsumsi buah, sayur dan makanan yang mengandung rendah lemak.

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Heitman, T. L., K. G. Koski und M. E. Scott. „Energy deficiency alters behaviours involved in transmission of Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda) in mice“. Canadian Journal of Zoology 81, Nr. 10 (01.10.2003): 1767–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z03-168.

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Independent studies have shown that animal behaviour is affected by nutritional deficiency and that host behaviour influences parasite transmission. The objectives of this study were to determine whether energy deficiency alters the behaviour profile of mice and the rate of exposure of mice to naturally acquired Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematoda) larvae. Outbred CF-1 and CD-1 female mice were fed either a control or an energy-deficient (65% of control) diet for 7 days, after which time, the mice fed the deficient diet had consumed signficantly less energy, had lower rectal temperatures, and lower masses (CD-1 mice only) compared with control mice. On day 7, mice were placed individually in natural transmission arenas containing damp peat moss and parasite larvae for 6 h, during which time, each mouse was observed 60 times and her behaviour recorded. All mice were then returned to standard caging and fed the energy-sufficient diets to eliminate confounding effects of energy deficiency on the host immune response over the following 8 days. At necropsy, parasite numbers were significantly lower in the energy-deficient mice of both strains. The behaviour profile differed significantly between diet groups and between strains; deficient mice of both strains groomed less and dug in the peat substrate less than control mice. The frequency of grooming was positively correlated with worm burden in both strains, the frequency of mouthing the peat moss and of sleeping were positively associated with worm burden in CD-1 mice, and the frequency of standing and walking low was positively associated with worm burden in CF-1 mice. These results indicate that grooming and contact with the peat moss are important behaviours in transmission of H. polygyrus, that energy deficiency causes a decrease in the frequency of these behaviours, and that these behavioural changes may contribute to reduced parasite transmission in mice fed the energy-restricted diet.

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Yurochko, Tetiana P., Maryna V. Shevchenko und Anthony Hassan Jr. Wenom. „EATING BEHAVIOUR OF INTERNATIONAL STUDENTS IN UKRAINE“. Wiadomości Lekarskie 74, Nr. 3 (2021): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202103226.

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The aim: Investigate the eating behaviour of international students in Ukraine. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional quantitative research approach was taken in conducting this study. 193 international students (98 males, 95 females) filled the questionnaire assessing their diet for the past 7 days, perceived changes made to their diet since their arrival to Ukraine, knowledge of healthy dietary habits, and perceived barriers to maintaining a healthy diet. At the time of this study, the students were between the ages of 18 and 36 years, of 11 nationalities, and enrolled at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels in 12 Ukrainian tertiary institutions. Results: Assessment of the students' diet quality reveals that 75.1% of the students consume fruits at least 2 times/day and 73.1% consume vegetables at least 3 times/day. More students consume poultry daily and fish at least twice a week than beef and pork daily. More than half of the students consume starchy foods, mostly rice daily. Only 7.3% of the students consume up to 1 alcoholic beverage daily. Gender significantly affects the consumption of alcohol, dairy products, low fat milk and milk products, and marginally affects beef and dark chocolate. 95 % of the student have made changes to their diet since coming to Ukraine. Conclusions: The dietary behaviour of international students in Ukraine is characterized by: high consumption of fruits and vegetables, high intake of lean meats and fish, higher consumption of unsaturated fats and oils than saturated ones, and low consumption of soft and alcoholic drinks.

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Benetou, Vassiliki, Afroditi Kanellopoulou, Eleftheria Kanavou, Anastasios Fotiou, Myrto Stavrou, Clive Richardson, Philippos Orfanos und Anna Kokkevi. „Diet-Related Behaviors and Diet Quality among School-Aged Adolescents Living in Greece“. Nutrients 12, Nr. 12 (11.12.2020): 3804. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12123804.

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Prevalence of diet-related behaviors (i.e., breakfast consumption, eating with the family) and their association with a 17-point diet quality score, constructed on the basis of reported frequency (in days/week) of vegetable, fruit, sweets and sugar-sweetened beverages consumption, was investigated among 3525 adolescents (51.5% girls) aged 11, 13 and 15 years, who were participants in the Greek arm of the international Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) cross-sectional study, during 2018. Almost one-third (32.9%) of the sample had breakfast ≤1 day/weekdays, 20.2% rarely ate with the family, 26.1% had a meal while watching TV ≥5 days/week, 31.7% had a snack in front of a screen ≥5 days/week and 24.1% ate in fast-food restaurants at least once/week. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression revealed that eating breakfast ≤1 day/weekdays compared to 4–5 days/weekdays (Odds ratio (OR): 1.56, 95% con-fidence interval (CI): 1.34–1.82), eating rarely with the family compared to almost every day (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.13–1.60) and eating in fast-food restaurants ≥2 times/week vs. rarely (OR: 4.59, 95% CI: 3.14–6.70) were associated with higher odds of having poor diet quality. High frequency of having meals/snacks in front of a screen/TV was also associated with poor diet quality. Efforts to prevent or modify these behaviors during adolescence may contribute to healthier diet.

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Romão Luz, Inês, Cristina Pereira, Paula Garcia, Fátima Ferreira, Ana Faria, Cristiane Macedo, Luísa Diogo und Conceição Robalo. „Ketogenic Diet for Refractory Childhood Epilepsy: Beyond Seizures Control, the Experience of a Portuguese Pediatric Centre“. Acta Médica Portuguesa 32, Nr. 12 (02.12.2019): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.12184.

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Introduction: Ketogenic diet is a low carbohydrate diet, which can be used as a treatment for refractory childhood epilepsy. The first aim of this study was to evaluate its efficacy, in patients receiving ketogenic diet for at least three months, on epilepsy control, behaviour and awareness. The secondary aims were to evaluate the variation in the number of antiepileptic drugs, reasons for discontinuing the diet and adverse effects.Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of clinical records of patients who underwent ketogenic diet for refractory epilepsy, from October 2007 to January 2018, in a tertiary pediatric hospital.Results: In the twenty-nine eligible patients, the mean age of initiation was 7.9 years-old (+/– 5.6). Of those, 18 had a ≥ 50% reduction of seizure activity, 19 a marked behaviour improvement and 18 improved awareness. The median number of antiepileptic drugs remained equal for the 15 patients who completed 18 months of treatment (three drugs). The main reason for discontinuing ketogenic diet was a familiar decision. The main adverse effects were hypercholesterolemia (n = 23) and hypertriglyceridemia (n = 21).Discussion: Results were comparable to those of other cohorts, namely age of initiation, proportion of patients completing ketogenic diet, most frequent reasons for stopping and significant improvement of alertness and behavior.Conclusion: Beyond seizure control, patients experienced a marked improvement in behavior and awareness. It is necessary to develop strategies to increase the adherence of families to the diet.

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Cooper, J. J., G. A. Emmans und N. C. Friggens. „Effect of Diet on Behaviour of Individually Penned Sheep“. Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (März 1994): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600026064.

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A number of abnormal activities had been observed in a group of 30 lambs (R lambs; 10 Shetland (SH),10 Scottish Blackface (SB) and 10 Welsh Mountain (WM), half females and half entire males), on a restricted allowance (about mature maintenance intake and 0.5 of ad libitum intake), of a high quality pelleted diet (Diet A; 200g/kg crude protein, HMJ/kg ME). The lambs had been individually housed since 8 weeks of age, in pens (2m x lm), made up of metal barred gates with wooden slatted floors. Abnormal oral activities included some that caused obvious husbandry problems, such as wool-biting and slat chewing, and others which caused no overt damage, but may nevertheless be associated with impaired welfare (Cooper and Nicol 1993), such as bar-biting and repetitive licking. In a preliminary observation at 22 weeks of age, lambs only ate in the hour following food presentation (Fig 1), after which all of the allowance had been eaten, and abnormal oral activities were recorded in 30% of scans. Similar repetitive activities, described as “stereotypies” have been associated with food restriction in dry sows (Appleby and Lawrence 1987). In a series of observations, we investigated the effect of increasing weight and nutrient value of the lamb's diet on the incidence of oral stereotypies, whilst minimising any influence on the ongoing feed trial.

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Tikkanen, Irma. „Pupils' school meal diet behaviour in Finland: two clusters“. British Food Journal 111, Nr. 3 (21.03.2009): 223–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00070700910941435.

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Oatley, T. B., R. A. Earlé und A. J. Prins. „THE DIET AND FORAGING BEHAVIOUR OF THE GROUND WOODPECKER“. Ostrich 60, Nr. 2 (Juni 1989): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1989.9634514.

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KRUEGER, BARRY, SIMON HUNTER und MELODY SERENA. „Husbandry, diet and behaviour of PlatypusOrnithorhynchus anatinusat Healesville Sanctuary“. International Zoo Yearbook 31, Nr. 1 (Januar 1992): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1090.1991.tb02364.x.

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Bellisle, France. „Effects of diet on behaviour and cognition in children“. British Journal of Nutrition 92, S2 (Oktober 2004): S227—S232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041171.

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Diet can affect cognitive ability and behaviour in children and adolescents. Nutrient composition and meal pattern can exert immediate or long-term, beneficial or adverse effects. Beneficial effects mainly result from the correction of poor nutritional status. For example, thiamin treatment reverses aggressiveness in thiamin-deficient adolescents. Deleterious behavioural effects have been suggested; for example, sucrose and additives were once suspected to induce hyperactivity, but these effects have not been confirmed by rigorous investigations. In spite of potent biological mechanisms that protect brain activity from disruption, some cognitive functions appear sensitive to short-term variations of fuel (glucose) availability in certain brain areas. A glucose load, for example, acutely facilitates mental performance, particularly on demanding, long-duration tasks. The mechanism of this often described effect is not entirely clear. One aspect of diet that has elicited much research in young people is the intake/omission of breakfast. This has obvious relevance to school performance. While effects are inconsistent in well-nourished children, breakfast omission deteriorates mental performance in malnourished children. Even intelligence scores can be improved by micronutrient supplementation in children and adolescents with very poor dietary status. Overall, the literature suggests that good regular dietary habits are the best way to ensure optimal mental and behavioural performance at all times. Then, it remains controversial whether additional benefit can be gained from acute dietary manipulations. In contrast, children and adolescents with poor nutritional status are exposed to alterations of mental and/or behavioural functions that can be corrected, to a certain extent, by dietary measures.

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Anderson, P., M. Hilker und J. Löfqvist. „Larval diet influence on oviposition behaviour in Spodoptera littoralis“. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 74, Nr. 1 (Januar 1995): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1995.tb01876.x.

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Mulas, A., A. Bellodi, R. Cannas, Al Cau, D. Cuccu, M. F. Marongiu, C. Porcu und M. C. Follesa. „Diet and feeding behaviour of longnosed skate Dipturus oxyrinchus“. Journal of Fish Biology 86, Nr. 1 (Januar 2015): 121–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.12551.

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Hill, R. A., und R. I. M. Dunbar. „Climatic determinants of diet and foraging behaviour in baboons“. Evolutionary Ecology 16, Nr. 6 (November 2002): 579–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1021625003597.

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Lagarde, Frédéric, Xavier Bonnet, Johanna Corbin, Brian Henen, Ken Nagy, Baktjior Mardonov und Guy Naulleau. „Foraging behaviour and diet of an ectothermic herbivore:Testudo horsfieldi“. Ecography 26, Nr. 2 (April 2003): 236–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0587.2003.03365.x.

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Sim, S. Meaghan, N. Theresa Glanville und Lynn Mcintyre. „Food Management Behaviours: In Food-insecure, Lone Mother-led Families“. Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 72, Nr. 3 (September 2011): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/72.3.2011.123.

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Purpose: Little is known about how food is managed in households where food resources are scarce. In this study, the household food management behaviours utilized by foodinsecure, lone mother-led families from Atlantic Canada were characterized, and relationships among these behaviours and diet quality were examined. Methods: Thematic analysis of 24 in-depth interviews from a larger study of mother-led, low-income families was integrated with sociodemographic characteristics, food-insecurity status, and four weekly 24-hour dietary recalls for all household members to yield a family behaviour score (FBS) as a summative measure of food management behaviours, and a healthy plate score (HPS) as a measure of diet quality. Results: Five distinct food management behaviours were identified: authoritative, healthism, sharing, structured, and planning behaviours. An increase in the FBS was associated with a proportional increase in the HPS. Authoritative, healthism, and planning food management behaviours were the strongest predictors of the HPS for all household members (p<0.05). The structured management behaviour was related to the degree of food insecurity. Conclusions: The FBS and HPS tools hold promise as a way to identify food-insecure families at risk of low diet quality. The next phase of this research will validate the use of these tools in the practice setting.

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Otsuka, Tsuyoshi, Ryosei Goda, Ayaka Iwamoto, Misato Kawai, Satomi Shibata, Yoshiaki Oka, Wataru Mizunoya, Mitsuhiro Furuse und Shinobu Yasuo. „Dietary protein ingested before and during short photoperiods makes an impact on affect-related behaviours and plasma composition of amino acids in mice“. British Journal of Nutrition 114, Nr. 10 (15.09.2015): 1734–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515003396.

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AbstractIn mammals, short photoperiod is associated with high depression- and anxiety-like behaviours with low levels of the brain serotonin and its precursor tryptophan (Trp). Because the brain Trp levels are regulated by its ratio to large neutral amino acids (Trp:LNAA) in circulation, this study elucidated whether diets of various protein sources that contain different Trp:LNAA affect depression- and anxiety-like behaviours in C57BL/6J mice under short-day conditions (SD). In the control mice on a casein diet, time spent in the central area in the open field test (OFT) was lower in the mice under SD than in those under long-day conditions (LD), indicating that SD exposure induces anxiety-like behaviour. The SD-induced anxiety-like behaviour was countered by an α-lactalbumin diet given under SD. In the mice that were on a gluten diet before transition to SD, the time spent in the central area in the OFT under SD was higher than that in the SD control mice. Alternatively, mice that ingested soya protein before the transition to SD had lower immobility in the forced swim test, a depression-like behaviour, compared with the SD control. Analysis of Trp:LNAA revealed lower Trp:LNAA in the SD control compared with the LD control, which was counteracted by an α-lactalbumin diet under SD. Furthermore, mice on gluten or soya protein diets before transition to SD exhibited high Trp:LNAA levels in plasma under SD. In conclusion, ingestion of specific proteins at different times relative to photoperiodic transition may modulate anxiety- and/or depression-like behaviours, partially through changes in plasma Trp:LNAA.

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Costa, Silvia, Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon, Eleanor Winpenny, Veronica Phillips und Jean Adams. „Relationship Between Early Childhood Non-Parental Childcare and Diet, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour, and Sleep: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, Nr. 23 (22.11.2019): 4652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16234652.

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The rising prevalence of childhood obesity is a global public health concern. Evidence suggests that exposure to non-parental childcare before age six years is associated with development of obesity, diet, and activity behaviours (physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep). However, findings are inconsistent and mostly from cross-sectional studies, making it difficult to identify the direction of causation in associations. This review identified and synthesised the published research on longitudinal associations between non-parental childcare during early childhood, diet, and activity behaviours. Seven databases were searched, and results were independently double-screened through title/abstract and full-text stages. Included studies were evaluated for risk of bias. Of the 18,793 references screened, 13 met eligibility criteria and were included in the review. These presented results on 89 tested childcare/outcome associations, 63 testing diet outcomes (59% null, remainder mixed), and 26 testing activity behaviour outcomes (85% null, remainder mixed). The scarce available literature indicates little and mixed evidence of a longitudinal association. This reflects a paucity of research, rather than clear evidence of no effect. There is an urgent need for studies investigating the longitudinal associations of non-parental childcare on diet and activity behaviours to assess potential lasting effects and mechanisms; whether and how effects vary by provider; and differences by intensity, duration, and population sub-groups.

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Woodruff, Sarah J., und Rhona M. Hanning. „Associations between diet quality and physical activity measures among a southern Ontario regional sample of grade 6 students“. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 35, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2010): 826–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h10-085.

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The purpose of this study was to determine diet quality and physical activity behaviours of grade 6 students by sex and body weight status, and to determine the associations between diet quality and physical activity behaviours. The Web-based Food Behaviour Questionnaire, which included a 24-h diet recall and the modified Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), was administered to a cross-section of schools (n = 405 students from 15 schools). Measured height and weight were used to calculate body mass index and weight status (Cole et al. 2000). A Canadian version of the Healthy Eating Index (HEI-C) was used to describe overall diet quality. The mean HEI-C was 69.6 (13.2) with the majority (72%) falling into the needs improvement category. The overall mean physical activity score was 3.7 out of a maximum of 5, with obese subjects being less active compared with normal weight and overweight (p < 0.001). Ordinal logistic regression analysis (of HEI-C vs. all measures of the PAQ-C, sex, and weight status) revealed that HEI-C ratings were likely to be higher in students that walked to and from school 5 days per week (vs. 0 days per week; odds ratio 3.18, p = 0.010); and were active 1 evening per week (vs. none; odds ratio 3.48, p = 0.039). The positive association between diet quality and some aspects of physical activity suggests possible clustering of health behaviours. Future research should test the potential benefits of promoting 1 health behaviour (e.g., healthy eating) with another (e.g., physical activity).

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Jacob, Raphaëlle, Vicky Drapeau, Benoît Lamarche, Éric Doucet, Sonia Pomerleau und Véronique Provencher. „Associations among eating behaviour traits, diet quality and food labelling: a mediation model“. Public Health Nutrition 23, Nr. 4 (26.11.2019): 631–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019003203.

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AbstractObjective:To assess the associations among eating behaviour traits, food label use and diet quality and to evaluate if the association between eating behaviour traits and diet quality is mediated by food label use.Design:Eating behaviour traits were assessed using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ), the Restraint Scale and the Intuitive Eating Scale, whereas food label use was measured with the Label Reading Survey. Diet quality (Canadian Healthy Eating Index) was assessed with an FFQ.Setting:Cross-sectional study.Participants:Adults (n 385; mean (sd): BMI = 26·0 (4·9) kg/m2, age = 41·1 (15·0) years) involved in two previous experimental studies.Results:When controlling for potential covariates, general food label use (β = 1·18 (se 0·26), P < 0·0001) was the main determinant of diet quality, explaining 6·7 % of its variance. General food label use partly mediated the association between TFEQ-cognitive restraint and diet quality; the indirect effect (βindirect (se); 95 % CI) was stronger in men (0·32 (0·10); 0·15, 0·55) than women (0·16 (0·05); 0·08, 0·27). General food label use also partly mediated the negative association between unconditional permission to eat and diet quality; the indirect effect (βindirect (se); 95 % CI) was also stronger in men (−1·88 (0·55); −3·11, −0·96) than women (−1·03 (0·33); −1·81, −0·49).Conclusions:General food label use was the main determinant of diet quality and partly mediated the association between eating behaviour traits and diet quality. The stronger mediating effect observed in men suggests they rely more on food labelling when attempting to restrained themselves, which translates into better diet quality.

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