Zeitschriftenartikel: „Deterioration behavior“

1

Scholl, M., P. Clayton und Y. Jia. „Deterioration behavior of thermomechanical refiner plates“. Wear 203-204 (März 1997): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1648(96)07409-1.

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2

Mc Kelvie, Stuart J. „Drivers' Behavior at Stop Signs: A Deterioration“. Perceptual and Motor Skills 64, Nr. 1 (Februar 1987): 252–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1987.64.1.252.

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In a 1985 observational study of 176 private car drivers at stop signs in eight locations in a town setting in Quebec, 42% came to a complete stop, 43% slowed, and 15% did not stop or slow. Relative to previous years (1979 to 1983), these data show a general deterioration in performance that cannot be accounted for by changes in the density of traffic. Further analyses showed that most of the 1985 decline in performance occurred in the absence of other vehicles, where complete stops were considerably fewer than in recent years.

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Serrien, D. J., S. P. Swinnen und G. E. Stelmach. „Age-Related Deterioration of Coordinated Interlimb Behavior“. Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences 55, Nr. 5 (01.09.2000): P295—P303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/55.5.p295.

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4

Wang, Peng-Wei, Nai-Ying Ko, Yu-Ping Chang, Chia-Fen Wu, Wei-Hsin Lu und Cheng-Fang Yen. „Subjective Deterioration of Physical and Psychological Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan: Their Association with the Adoption of Protective Behaviors and Mental Health Problems“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, Nr. 18 (18.09.2020): 6827. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186827.

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This study aimed to determine the proportion of individuals who reported the deterioration of physical and psychological health during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Taiwan. Moreover, the related factors of deterioration of physical and psychological health and the association between deterioration of health and adoption of protective behavior against COVID-19 and mental health problems were also examined. We recruited participants via a Facebook advertisement. We determined the subjective physical and psychological health states, cognitive and affective construct of health belief, perceived social support, mental health problems, adoption of protective behavior and demographic characteristics among 1954 respondents (1305 women and 649 men; mean age: 37.9 years with standard deviation 10.8 years). In total, 13.2% and 19.3% of respondents reported deteriorated physical and psychological health during the COVID-19 pandemic, respectively. Participants with higher perceived harm from COVID-19 compared with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) were more likely to report the subjective deterioration of physical and psychological health, whereas respondents who were older and perceived a higher level of social support were less likely to report a deterioration of physical and psychological health. The subjective deterioration of psychological health was significantly associated with avoiding crowded places and wearing a mask. Both subjective deteriorations of physical and psychological health positively related to general anxiety.

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Nawfel Muhammed Baqer Muhsin. „A Study of the Thermal Behavior of Some Materials Used to Prevent Corrosion in Mechanical Parts“. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 104, Nr. 1 (03.04.2023): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.104.1.5564.

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Thermal deterioration of Machines is the change in the properties of the basic material as a result of thermal reaction with its environment as a result of the presence of moisture in the bodies of machines such as the bodies of aircraft, cars, engineering equipment and related to the mechanics of the machines in the field of mechanical engineering, which is called the medium of deterioration and not as a result of a mechanical process such as friction in the machines as a result of work Continuous in these machines, according to this definition there is a possibility of corrosion not only in metals, but other materials such as concrete and containers that are in direct contact with moisture, air and environmental factors that are a catalyst for mechanical deterioration. Many researchers in mechanical engineering were interested in the thermal processes of machines, so the problem of corrosion and friction of machines and other important problems that have been studied extensively by finding engineering solutions to reduce or eliminate them. Corrosion of Machines be a limiting factor for various materials in many applications. Thus, it is necessary to have a better understanding of the deterioration processes, their prevention and reduction of the associated damage. In this research the preparation of some reagents and their use as deterioration inhibitors to reduce the deterioration process in engineering machinery by measuring the loss in weights resulting from the phenomenon of deterioration in engineering machinery. These thermal reagents were prepared as a thermal inhibitor painting, diagnosed in spectroscopic techniques, and then some thermal measurements were made to studying them as inhibitors of engineering corrosion in machines. The results appeared that the prepared reagents are good deterioration’s inhibitors due to the inhibition efficiency of the selected thermal reagents increased with increasing of concentration, and decreased with increasing of temperature.

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Singh, Trailokyanath, Nirakar Niranjan Sethy, Ameeya Kumar Nayak und Hadibandhu Pattnaik. „An Optimal Policy for Deteriorating Items With Generalized Deterioration, Trapezoidal-Type Demand, and Shortages“. International Journal of Information Systems and Supply Chain Management 14, Nr. 1 (Januar 2021): 23–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijisscm.2021010102.

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This paper focuses an optimal policy of an inventory model for deteriorating items with trapezoidal type demand rate and the three-parameter Weibull distribution deterioration rate. The model allows shortages which are completely backlogged in order to achieve better preserving amenity. The authors present some optimal solutions which leads to determine the total inventory cost in which the collective behavior of customers hinges on the waiting time. An easy-to-use optimization technique is included to find the shortage time point and order quantity to minimize the total system cost. Taking into account the above-mentioned assumptions, different kinds of numerical examples are considered to illustrate the theoretical behavior of the framed optimization model. The sensitivity analysis is made for this problem with variation of parameters. The study shows that the optimal solution not only exists but also is unique and is less expensive to operate if the factors of three-phase variation, representing the growth, the steady, and the decline phases of demand with respect to time are considered.

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TAKAHARI, Tomoo, und Susumu OHTSUKA. „Deterioration Behavior of Colouring Solution for Stainless Steel“. Tetsu-to-Hagane 75, Nr. 4 (1989): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.75.4_689.

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An, Xin Zheng, Cheng Yi und Rui Xue Du. „Performance Deterioration Behavior of Existing Reinforced Concrete Bridges“. Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 1367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.1367.

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The analyses of concrete from a bridge in Handan district shows that most bridges concrete should have cracked. The study of the technical measures against the performance deterioration of existing reinforced concrete bridges will undoubtedly become an imperative issue. In recent years, lots of bridges have been built in Handan. We choose a reinforced concrete bridge to investigate the effect of the effective member stiffness degradation and durability degradation induced by vehicle overload, vehicle overflow, rebar corrosion, and concrete deterioration on highway reinforced concrete bridges. And Static loading test was conducted at its middle span. Based on the test data in different circumstances, the seriousness of vehicle overload is discussed. In consequence, the performance of highway reinforced concrete bridges on stiffness degradation and durability degradation is more serious compared with the bridge under the condition of non-overloading. The results show that the process of rebar corrosion in highway reinforced concrete bridges is sped up under the condition of vehicle overload and vehicle overflow on the highway reinforced concrete bridges, which decreases the durability of the bridge structure, and the speed of the durability degradation increases as time goes on. The paper conclusion is instructive for the construction and maintenance of bridge.

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Fernández-Fournier, Mireya, David C. Perry, Maria Carmela Tartaglia, Mary de May, Adam Boxer, Giovanni Coppola, Chadwick W. Christine et al. „Precipitous Deterioration of Motor Function, Cognition, and Behavior“. JAMA Neurology 74, Nr. 5 (01.05.2017): 591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.6159.

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Wu, Ji, Cai Liang, Xiushi Gan, Minghui Xie, Zhe Jiang, Zhenxing Zhao und Xu Wang. „Study on deterioration behavior of coke during gasification“. Metallurgical Research & Technology 120, Nr. 6 (2023): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2023078.

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The reaction temperature and time on the carbon loss of coke during CO2 gasification were studied. The results showed that there were significant correlations among the reactivity, pulverization rate, and wear resistance. The degree of variation in pulverization rate and wear resistance revealed that coke reactivity changed dramatically as reaction temperature rose. The temperature was also the key factor for coke graphitization. The evolution of the inorganic minerals and pore wall microstructure was investigated after coke gasification. The migration and accumulation of inorganic minerals, such as mullite, calcium ferrite, and iron oxide in coke, were discovered to catalyze the deterioration of the coke pore wall, resulting in the coke powder formation. The graphitization degree of the skin layer was greater than that of the core after high-temperature reactions, which accelerated skin layer separation from the core.

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Okazaki, Satoshi. „Explaining the deterioration of the relative timing accuracy for across-channel by a simple mathematical model“. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2022): A229—A230. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016104.

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The perceptual simultaneity range, within which two asynchronous pure tones are perceived to start simultaneously, and the gap detection threshold are known to be wide when the frequency separation of the tones is large. It is generally said that the accuracy of the relative timing for different frequency channels deteriorates. However, there is no clear explanation of why such deteriorations are necessary. This study aimed to show that a simple mathematical model leads to the deterioration of relative timing accuracy for two tones with different frequencies. As a result of the calculations, the model simulated the deterioration of the perceptual simultaneity range not only with the increase of the frequency separation but also with the decrease of the frequency region of two tones. The model also simulated the behavior of the gap detection threshold for two different frequencies (across-channel) with its asymmetric deterioration. Further, the model simulated the behavior of the gap detection threshold for two identical frequencies (within-channel). These results suggest that one simple mathematical model may explain the mechanisms underlying perceptual simultaneity, within-channel gap detection, and between-channel gap detection for two tones.

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Okazaki, Satoshi. „Explaining the deterioration of the relative timing accuracy for across-channel by a simple mathematical model“. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, Nr. 4_supplement (01.10.2023): A239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023403.

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The perceptual simultaneity range, within which two asynchronous pure tones are perceived to start simultaneously, and the gap detection threshold are known to be wide when the frequency separation of the tones is large. It is generally said that the accuracy of the relative timing for different frequency channels deteriorates. However, there is no clear explanation of why such deteriorations are necessary. This study aimed to show that a simple mathematical model leads to the deterioration of relative timing accuracy for two tones with different frequencies. As a result of the calculations, the model simulated the deterioration of the perceptual simultaneity range not only with the increase of the frequency separation but also with the decrease of the frequency region of two tones. The model also simulated the behavior of the gap detection threshold for two different frequencies (across-channel) with its asymmetric deterioration. Further, the model simulated the behavior of the gap detection threshold for two identical frequencies (within-channel). These results suggest that one simple mathematical model may explain the mechanisms underlying perceptual simultaneity, within-channel gap detection, and between-channel gap detection for two tones.

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Xia, Da Hai, Ji Hui Wang, Shi Zhe Song, Bo Zhong und Zhe Wen Han. „The Corrosion Behavior of Lacquered Tinplate in Functional Beverage“. Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (Mai 2011): 1747–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.1747.

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The deterioration process of the epoxy phenolic coated tinplate in functional beverage was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscope (EIS). The surface morphology was characterized SPM and SEM. The results showed that corrosion pits were observed on the surface after exposing the coating system to functional beverage for 364 days. The breakages of the organic coating lead to the corrosion of substrate metal. A new parameterpextracting directly from the Bode plot was presented to characterize the deterioration degree of the coating system. Usingpvalue as the discrimination indicator of the deterioration degree of organic coating was presented in this paper.

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Kaneda, Hirotaka, Yukinobu Kano, Shouhei Koshino und Hiroaki Ohya-Nishiguchi. „Behavior and role of iron ions in beer deterioration“. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 40, Nr. 11 (November 1992): 2102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00023a013.

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15

Kuriyama, Nobuhiro, Tetsuo Sakai, Hiroshi Miyamura, Itsuki Uehara, Hiroshi Ishikawa und Toshikatsu Iwasaki. „Electrochemical impedance and deterioration behavior of metal hydride electrodes“. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 202, Nr. 1-2 (Dezember 1993): 183–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0925-8388(93)90538-x.

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16

Ye, Zhiwen, Weiping Zhang und Xianglin Gu. „Deterioration of shear behavior of corroded reinforced concrete beams“. Engineering Structures 168 (August 2018): 708–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.05.023.

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17

Li, N., Felix T. S. Chan, S. H. Chung und Allen H. Tai. „An EPQ Model for Deteriorating Production System and Items with Rework“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/957970.

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This paper investigates the economic production quantity model jointly considering product deterioration and a deteriorating production system with rework. In this imperfect deteriorating production system, not only does the machine produce defective product but also the machine is subjected to quality deterioration. To be more specific, the defective rate increases at certain time intervals. The defects produced are stored until the end of normal production process. Then they are reworked with extra cost to restore their quality and regarded as perfect product. The main objective is to minimize the total cost per unit product by determining the optimal combination of production run time and backlog quantity. Numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the behavior of the inventory and show the impact of different parameters on the model. Discussion and conclusions are made at the end of the paper.

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Mishra, Umakanta, Jacobo Tijerina-Aguilera, Sunil Tiwari und Leopoldo Eduardo Cárdenas-Barrón. „Retailer’s Joint Ordering, Pricing, and Preservation Technology Investment Policies for a Deteriorating Item under Permissible Delay in Payments“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6962417.

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This article develops an inventory model for deteriorating items with controllable deterioration rate (by using preservation technology) under trade credit policy. As in practical scenarios the demand of an item is directly associated with its selling price, keeping this in mind, it is assumed to be a price dependent demand. The main objective of the inventory model is to determine jointly the optimal ordering, pricing, and preservation technology investment policies for retailer so that the total profit is maximized. The effects of key parameters on optimal solution are studied through a sensitivity analysis with the aim of examining the behavior of the inventory model with controllable deterioration under the permissible delay in payments.

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Virgin, Lawrence N. „Dynamic Characteristics of Deteriorating Engineering Structures“. Applied Mechanics Reviews 46, Nr. 5 (01.05.1993): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3120341.

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The monitoring of energy production and distribution systems with a view to predicting their future performance and service life is a difficult but increasingly important exercise. Specific interest here concerns the behavior of aging offshore oil and gas structures. The maintenance and safety of these systems is a major challenge considering their generally deteriorating nature and harsh operating environment. The dynamic response of a structural component or structure can be used to assess properties such as mass, stiffness and damping. If periodic assessment is conducted then any changes, specifically deterioration, during the lifetime of a structure can be monitored using vibration measurement methods. This information can then be used to predict the useful life of the structure given a constant rate of deterioration or provide the basis for remedial action to be taken to strengthen the structure. The prevention of catastrophic failure is included in this scenario. Suggestions for possible research directions are made with regard to nonlinear behavior.

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Tabakoff, W., M. Metwally und A. Hamed. „High-Temperature Coatings for Protection Against Turbine Deterioration“. Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 117, Nr. 1 (01.01.1995): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812763.

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In this research, an investigation was conducted to study the fly ash particles associated with the erosion behavior of alloys and coatings that are widely used in gas and steam turbines. The erosion behavior of many alloys and protective coatings has been investigated experimentally at high temperatures using a specially designed wind erosion tunnel. The erosion results show the effect of velocity, temperature, and impact angle on the erosion rate.

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In, Kwang Jin, Y. R. Jiang, Sang Hwa Jung, Myung Kue Lee, Sung Won Yoo und Byung Hwan Oh. „Durability of Concrete under Combined Exposure Conditions of Chlorides and Sulfates“. Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 319–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.319.

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Concrete structures are generally subjected to serious deterioration under harsh environment, even though the concrete materials exhibit inherently higher durability than any other construction materials. The service life of concrete structures is directly affected by the durability performance under various conditions. In this regard, many studies have been conducted on the deterioration of concrete structures under various environmental conditions. However, previous studies were confined mostly to the deterioration of concrete structures under single deteriorating factor such as chloride ingress only or sulfate attack only, although real environment is actually a combination of such factors. The purpose of the present study is, therefore, to explore the effects of combined deterioration due to chlorides and sulfates in concrete structures. To this end, comprehensive experimental program has been set up to observe the chloride penetration behavior under combined deterioration conditions of chlorides and sulfates. The test results indicate that the chloride penetration is more pronounced for the case of combined attacks of chloride and sulfates than the case of single chloride attack. The surface chloride content is found to increase with time and this phenomenon is also more pronounced under the combined exposure of chlorides and sulfates. The present study may allow more realistic assessment of durability for such concrete structures which are subjected to combined attacks of chlorides and sulfates.

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Koullias, George, Raj Modak, Maryann Tranquilli, Dimitris P. Korkolis, Paul Barash und John A. Elefteriades. „Mechanical deterioration underlies malignant behavior of aneurysmal human ascending aorta“. Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery 130, Nr. 3 (September 2005): 677.e1–677.e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcvs.2005.02.052.

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23

Zaini, Nursyafiqah, Saiful Amri Mazlan, Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz, Mohd Aidy Faizal Johari, Ubaidillah Ubaidillah, Nur Azmah Nordin, Muntaz Hana Ahmad Khairi und Megat Ahmad Kamal Megat Hanafiah. „Deterioration behavior of aged magnetorheological elastomer under harsh marine environment“. Express Polymer Letters 18, Nr. 7 (2024): 728–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2024.54.

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Kellersmann, Andreas, Gerald Reitz und Jens Friedrichs. „Deterioration effects of coupled blisk blades“. Journal of the Global Power and Propulsion Society 2 (10.10.2018): CKB8N6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22261/jgpps.ckb8n6.

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Performance degradation due to wear of high pressure compressors (HPC) is a major concern in aero-engine operation and maintenance. Among other effects especially erosion of airfoils leads to changed aerodynamic behavior and therefore to deterioration. These affects engine performance parameter like thrust specific fuel consumption (TSFC) and exhaust gas temperature (EGT). Reaching EGT-limit, the engine typically has to be overhauled during a shop visit to restore safety standards and performance. During state of the art shop visits, engines are repaired based on EGT-specifications. To further enhance the maintenance, tailored repairs for each jet engine based on engine history and operation conditions are necessary to take TSFC into account. To ensure such an effective maintenance, the aerodynamic behavior of deteriorated and repaired airfoils is the key factors. Therefore, geometric properties with high influence on aerodynamic performance have to be known. For blisks (BLade-Integrated-diSK) the approach of tailored maintenance will be even more complicated because the airfoil arrangement cannot be changed or individual airfoils cannot be replaced. Thus, the effects of coupled misshaped airfoils have a high significance. This study will present a Design of Experiments (DoE) for circumferential coupled HPC-airfoils to identify the geometric properties which lead to a reduction of performance. To focus on geometric variations, quasi3D (Q3D) simulations are taken out. Based on a sensitivity analysis, the thickness related parameters, the stagger angle as well as the max. profile camber thickness are identified as the most important parameters which are influencing adjacent airfoils and reduce the aerodynamic performance.

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Martinovic, Sanja, Milica Vlahovic und Tatjana Volkov-Husovic. „Deterioration characterization during thermal shock testing“. Science of Sintering 55, Nr. 1 (2023): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos2301071m.

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Thermal shock stability plays a great role in the selection of optimal refractory material. Different methods of characterization were developed for this purpose, including the implementation of nondestructive testing. Image analysis is a very well method for characterization of different materials structures, as well as changes and occurred defects in structure caused by different influences. In this paper, possible application of image analysis will be presented related to the monitoring thermal shock behavior of selected refractory materials. Different parameters such are R parameter, level of destruction, as well as determination of morphological descriptors (area, perimeter, diameter, roundness) using Image analysis, will be presented.

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M. Maizuar, Elisa Lumantarna, M. Sofi, Y. Oktavianus, Lihai Zhang, Colin Duffield, Priyan Mendis und H. Widyastuti. „Dynamic Behavior of Indonesian Bridges using Interferometric Radar Technology“. Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering 18, Nr. 1 (01.01.2018): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56748/ejse.182251.

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Structural deterioration of critical transport infrastructures (e.g., bridges) represents trillion dollars of transportation budget. Inspection and monitoring structural deterioration of bridge structures require an innovative method for an improved quality and accuracy of measurements. This paper presents and discusses the capabilities of the recent advanced interferomertic radar technique (IBIS-S) for remote monitoring structural vibations of bridges (e.g., displacement and natural frequency). Three case studies bridges in Indonesia were selected for field measurements. The research outcomes demonstrate the potential use of interferometric radar technology as an efficient way for structural health assessment and monitoring of bridges under operational condition.

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Setiawan, Edwin, Andreas Andreas, Novita Indrawati und Hardi Hardi. „The Mediating Effect of Budget Pressure on Behavioral Declaration of Audit“. JOURNAL OF AUDITING, FINANCE, AND FORENSIC ACCOUNTING 7, Nr. 2 (20.10.2019): 73–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/jaffa.v7i2.6720.

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This study aims to test and analyze the behavior of audit quality deterioration by integrating the characteristics of individual auditors (locus of control and organizational commitment) with time budget pressure. The study was conducted by survey method by distributing questionnaires to auditors who worked at KAP in the Provinces of West Sumatra, Riau and Riau Islands. The sampling technique uses the purpose sampling method. The questionnaire that can be used totaling 60 questionnaires. Data analysis using wrapPLS 6.0. The results showed that internal locus of control had a negative effect on time budget pressure and decreased audit quality behavior, external locus of control had a positive effect on time budget pressure and decreased audit quality behavior, organizational commitment negatively affected time budget pressure and decreased audit quality behavior, and time budget pressure has a positive effect on audit quality deterioration behavior, and time budget pressure mediates the influence of locus of control, organizational commitment to audit quality deterioration.

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Mikhalchenkov, A. M., und S. A. Feskov. „Deterioration of A-hoe blades of Morris sowing machine renewed by means of thermostrengthened compensating elements“. Traktory i sel hozmashiny 80, Nr. 12 (15.12.2013): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65774.

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It was shown that wear dynamic of renewed blades depends on operation time linearly. Deterioration intensity is maximal in debugging and operating periods, but in deterioration process it assumes stabile behavior.

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Chong, Hailang, Dagang Wang, Bo Wang, Xiaoman Shen und Magd Abdel Wahab. „Gradual Deterioration Behavior of the Load-Bearing Strength of Main Cable Wires in a Suspension Bridge“. Applied Sciences 13, Nr. 1 (22.12.2022): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010129.

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The main cable is the primary load-bearing component of a long-span multi-tower suspension bridge. The interaction between a dead load, vehicle load, wind load, and the corrosion environment leads the main cable wire to exhibit tribo-corrosion-fatigue behaviors. This behavior causes wire wear and deterioration, as well as a reduction in the effective cross-sectional area. This leads to the gradual deterioration of the wire’s load-bearing strength and seriously affects the load-bearing safety of the main cable. In order to ensure the safety of suspension bridges, it is critical to investigate the gradual deterioration behavior of the main cable wire’s load-bearing strength. A wire tribo-corrosion-fatigue test rig was established to test the wire under different friction pairs (saddle groove or parallel wires). The cross-sectional failure area of the wire with different pairs was obtained by super-depth electron microscopy and calculation. The damage degree evolution model and the deterioration model of the wire load-bearing strength were established by combining the theory of damage mechanics and the finite element method. The results show that, as contact and fatigue loads increase, so does the cross-sectional failure area of the fatigue steel wire. The fatigue wire’s damage degree has a good quadratic function relationship with fatigue cycles. The damage degree of the wire increases and the load-bearing strength decreases with increasing contact load and fatigue load. The load-bearing strength of the wire changes little at the beginning and decreases with increasing fatigue cycles. The results have fundamental significance for the life prediction of the main cable wires of suspension bridges.

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Sengupta, P. K., A. K. Sinha, S. Samajpati und S. C. Bag. „Tensile Behavior of Adhesive Bonded Jute Nonwovens“. Textile Research Journal 62, Nr. 8 (August 1992): 457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004051759206200804.

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Higher bond rigidity between fiber/binder/fiber complexes in jute nonwovens may be derived from a binder of higher tenacity and higher initial modulus. Hot calendering can remarkably improve tenacity. Deterioration of the mechanical properties in nonwovens of higher web weight is associated with delamination.

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Andisheh, Kaveh, Allan Scott und Alessandro Palermo. „Seismic Behavior of Corroded RC Bridges: Review and Research Gaps“. International Journal of Corrosion 2016 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3075184.

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Chloride-induced corrosion and its effect on structural and seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) structures have been the topic of several research projects in past decades. This literature review summarizes the state of the art by presenting a brief description of chloride-induced corrosion, its main characteristics and influencing factors, a summary of experimental published data, and existing corrosion-induced deterioration models together with numerical and experimental methods used to evaluate corroded RC bridge pier. This literature review highlights the need for reliable deterioration models for RC structures and appropriate analysis methods are needed for design of new structures or assessment of existing civil engineering structures especially in seismic areas.

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Abdelkader, Eslam Mohammed, Abobakr Al-Sakkaf, Nehal Elshaboury und Ghasan Alfalah. „Hybrid Grey Wolf Optimization-Based Gaussian Process Regression Model for Simulating Deterioration Behavior of Highway Tunnel Components“. Processes 10, Nr. 1 (24.12.2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10010036.

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Highway tunnels are one of the paramount infrastructure systems that affect the welfare of communities. They are vulnerable to higher limits of deterioration, yet there are limited available funds for maintenance and rehabilitation. This state of circumstances entails the development of a deterioration model to forecast the performance condition behavior of critical tunnel elements. Accordingly, this research paper proposes an integrated deterioration prediction model for five highway tunnel elements, namely, cast-in-place tunnel liners, concrete interior walls, concrete portal, concrete ceiling slab, and concrete slab on grade. The developed deterioration model is envisioned in two fundamental components, which are model calibration and model assessment. In the first component, an integrated model of Gaussian process regression and a grey wolf optimization algorithm (GWO-GPR) is introduced for deterioration behavior prediction of highway tunnel elements. In this regard, the grey wolf optimizer is exploited to improve the prediction accuracies of the Gaussian process through optimal estimation of its hyper parameters and to automatically interpret the significant deterioration factors. The second component involves three tiers of performance evaluation comparison, statistical significance comparisons, and consolidated ranking to assess the prediction accuracies of the developed GWO-GPR model. In this regard, the developed model is validated against six widely acknowledged machine learning models, which are back-propagation artificial neural network, Elman neural network, cascade forward neural network, generalized regression neural network, support vector machines, and regression tree. Results demonstrate that the developed GWO-GPR model significantly outperformed other deterioration prediction models in the five tunnel elements. In cast-in-place tunnel liners it accomplished a mean absolute percentage error, mean absolute error, root mean square percentage error, root relative squared error, and relative absolute error of 1.65%, 0.018, 0.21%, 0.018, and 0.147, respectively. In this context, it was inferred that the developed GWO-GPR model managed to reduce the prediction errors of the back-propagation artificial neural network, Elman neural network, and support vector machines by 84.71%, 76.91%, and 69.6%, respectively. It can be concluded that the developed deterioration model can assist transportation agencies in creating timely and cost-efficient maintenance schedules of highway tunnels.

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Wei, Jincheng, Zhengchao Zhang, Yulin He, Qianwen Tan, Xiangpeng Yang, Dawei Wang und Markus Oeser. „Study on the Skid Resistance Deterioration Behavior of the SMA Pavement“. Sustainability 14, Nr. 5 (01.03.2022): 2864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052864.

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The skid resistance of asphalt pavement is of great importance to the driving safety, but deterioration of pavement skid resistance is inevitable owing to the coupling effect of traffic loading and climate conditions. The existing prediction models of skid resistance were mainly established based on the laboratory accelerated polishing tests (for instance Polished Stone Value, PSV), and these models can only consider the influence of a single factor; they fail to reflect the coupling effect of different factors under the real service condition. For the purpose of investigating the influences of seasonal variation, and aggregate type on the skid resistance of asphalt pavement, the skid resistance of three test tracks were continuously measured for 48 months through five different test methods. The results show that different test methods exhibit significant inconsistency. The aggregate type is the internal factor that determines the long-term skid resistance performance of pavement. The skid resistances of the selected test tracks were ranked as greywacke pavement > diabase pavement > rhyolite pavement. This is in well agreement with the ranking of aggregate polishing resistance obtained from the laboratory Wehner/Schulze (W/S) test. This indicates that the W/S test is effective in distinguishing the aggregates that used in pavement construction. It is also found that the skid resistance of asphalt pavement shows significant fluctuation with respect to seasonal variation. The skid resistance is generally high in autumn and low in summer. Therefore, it is suggested to use the low measurement value of skid resistance in summer as the lower limit for the evaluation and prediction of the skid resistance performance of asphalt pavement.

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Park, Sung-Yong, Suk-Hyun Chang, Hyun-Taek Lim, Jung-Meyon Kim und Yong-Seong Kim. „Seismic Behavior of Deterioration Reservoir Embankment Using Dynamic Centrifugal Model Tests“. Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 58, Nr. 3 (31.05.2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5389/ksae.2016.58.3.091.

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Han, Young-Chul, und Sang-Seom Jeong. „A Study on the Concrete Lining Behavior due to Tunnel Deterioration“. Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society 30, Nr. 4 (30.04.2014): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.7843/kgs.2014.30.4.21.

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Ziegahn, Karl-Friedrich, Horst Krause und Diether Schmitt. „Effects of Airborne Pollutants on Deterioration and Aging Behavior of Materials“. Journal of the IEST 32, Nr. 2 (01.03.1989): 50–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17764/jiet.1.32.2.737r174g562h7100.

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Among natural atmospheric influences, gaseous pollutants effect the deterioration of working materials and technical products. Recent calculations estimate the total cost of material damage caused by pollutants to be several billion dollars (US) annually in the Federal Republic of Germany. More precise calculations are not available because there is a lack of information about the contribution of airborne pollutants. In combination with humidity, temperature and solar radiation pollutants like sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (NOx) and ozone (O3) act onto surfaces of materials exposed to the atmosphere, especially stone, glass, paint coatings, and modern polymeric materials. This article deals with the results of a study sponsored by the German, Federal Agency for the Environment (Umweltbundesamt). The experimental weathering of some polymers under laboratory conditions will be described in detail. The test items are exposed in pollution chambers to changes in temperature, humidity, solar radiation with and without single and mixed pollutants. The concentrations used (5000 μg/m3 SO2, 5000 μg/m3 NOx, and 2500 μg/m3 O3), were one order of magnitude higher than those measured in industrial areas. The duration of exposure was more than 2 yrs. A projected network of free weathered test sites at different places in Germany served as a reference.

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Zhu, Xuan-Min, Hai-Mei Chang, Hai-Zheng Tao und Xiu-Jian Zhao. „Deterioration behavior of c-Si solar cell decorated with silver nanoparticles“. Rare Metals 38, Nr. 2 (19.12.2015): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12598-015-0648-5.

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Valero, Antonio, und César Torres. „Relative Free Energy Function and Structural Theory of Thermoeconomics“. Energies 13, Nr. 8 (18.04.2020): 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13082024.

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This paper explores the advantages of using relative free energy instead of exergy to build a mathematical theory of thermodynamic costs to diagnose malfunctions in thermal systems. This theory is based on the definition of a linearized characteristic equation that represents the physical behavior of each component. The physical structure of the system described by its energy interrelationships is called “primal”, and its derivatives are the costs and consumptions. The obtained costing structure is the mathematical “dual” of its primal. The theory explains why the F and P cost assessment rules and any other suggestion may (or may not be) rational under a given disaggregation scheme. A result of the theory is a new thermodynamic function, called the relative free energy, and a new parameter called deterioration temperature due to a component’s deterioration cause, characterized by a h-s thermodynamic trajectory describing the effects on the exiting stream. The relative free energy function allows for an exact relationship between the amount of used resources and the increase in entropy generation caused by the deterioration path of the component. This function allows the obtaining of, for the first time, an appropriate characteristic equation for a turbine and a new definition of efficiency that does not depend on the environment temperature but on its deterioration temperature. Also, costing with relative free energy instead of exergy may open a new path for more precise and straightforward assessments of component deteriorations.

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Jaggi, Chandra K., und Mona Verma. „Retailer's ordering policy for deteriorating items in a supply chain with varying deterioration rates“. International Journal of Advanced Operations Management 1, Nr. 2/3 (2009): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijaom.2009.030675.

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Cvetkovic, Radovan, Nikola Velimirovic, Petar Knezevic, Aleksandar Radakovic, Milivoje Milanovic und Nemanja Markovic. „Service life prediction of timber-concrete composite floors“. Facta universitatis - series: Architecture and Civil Engineering, Nr. 00 (2023): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuace230630031c.

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Timber-concrete composite (TCC) systems have application for new floors and for upgrading and enhancing of existing timber floors in residential and office buildings. In order to develop the optimal maintenance programs of structures, it is essential to predict the performance of structures over their life-cycle. The long-term behavior of timber-concrete composite floors is influenced by a combination of various factors, including material properties, load distribution, moisture effects, temperature effects and durability considerations. Timber and concrete material in the composite system, exhibit different behaviors over time due to their inherent characteristics. Deterioration prediction models are used to estimate the future degradation and condition of various types of structures. The aim of this paper is to present two probabilistic models, random variable deterioration rate model and stochastic gamma process model, that will capture uncertainty and variability associated with the deterioration of TCC floor under the service load and to estimate its service life.

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S. Sowmyapriya, M. K. Kalarani1 und P. Jeyakumar. „Physiological Deterioration of Cassava Tuber“. Ecology, Environment and Conservation 29, Nr. 01 (2023): 188–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2023.v29i01.030.

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The present study was carried out to evaluate cassava genotypes for Postharvest Physiological Deterioration (PPD). Tubers from different genotypes were evaluated at 1,2,3,4 and 5 days after harvest for PPD. Two genotypes viz., CI 850 and YTP 1 showed their supremacy in recording low levels of PPD (9.81 and 11.76 % respectively) even five days after harvest. This could be the result of lower cyanide (HCN) content. Starch content was decreased at storage. This study can be used to understand the mechanisms of PPD in cassava tubers.

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Huynh, Khac Tuan, und Antoine Grall. „A condition-based maintenance model with past-dependent imperfect preventive repairs for continuously deteriorating systems“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part O: Journal of Risk and Reliability 234, Nr. 2 (25.11.2019): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748006x19884210.

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Most condition-based imperfect maintenance models developed over the last few decades are memoryless in the sense that maintenance efficiency is completely [Formula: see text]-independent of previous interventions. However, many maintenance activities exhibit their past dependency in engineering practice, and this significant property should not be ignored in maintenance modeling. In this spirit, our aim is to develop a condition-based maintenance model for continuously deteriorating systems subject to a special kind of past-dependent imperfect repairs. Such a repair can put the system back to a deterioration level better than the one at just before the current repair, but worse than the one reached at the last repair. Besides, inspection and replacement are memoryless actions available for the system. They result in different effects on the system deterioration and incur different costs. To achieve high economic performances in the long term, these actions are coordinated into a control-limit deterioration-based maintenance policy. Its long-run maintenance cost rate is analytically evaluated using the semi-regenerative process theory. Numerous sensitivity studies to maintenance costs and to system characteristics give a thorough understanding about the policy behavior. Furthermore, comparisons with more classical policies justify the importance of incorporating the past dependency in maintenance modeling.

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Barrios, Susana, Andrés Guzmán und Albert Ortiz. „Influence of Corrosion on Dynamic Behavior of Pedestrian Steel Bridges—Case Study“. Infrastructures 8, Nr. 3 (13.03.2023): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures8030052.

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Corrosion directly affects the structural stiffness of a steel element, reducing the thickness, thus inertia, due to the gradual deterioration of the material. Quickly identifying corrosion damage to the stiffness of a steel structure is a challenge in coastal environments since corrosion progresses rapidly, and traditional methods of inspection and diagnosis are time-consuming and costly. This is an important issue; therefore, characterization of the corrosion level represents a key element in making decisions regarding maintenance or structural integrity. This work estimates the relationship between the corrosion level in steel structures and their dynamic parameters using ambient vibration records. It comprises the characterization of the dynamic behavior and corrosion state of three full-scale pedestrian bridges with similar geometry, material, and structural configuration characteristics but with significant differences in the degree of deterioration. The structures were instrumented with piezoelectric sensors connected to a portable data acquisition system; the recorded information was analyzed with optimization algorithms in Python based on the power spectral density (PSD) of the vibrations of each bridge. The parameters obtained related to the degree of corrosion determine the incidence of the level of deterioration in the structural behavior, thus involving changes in its stiffness and mass.

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Mohebbi, H., und C. Q. Li. „Experimental Investigation on Corrosion of Cast Iron Pipes“. International Journal of Corrosion 2011 (2011): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/506501.

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It is well known that corrosion is the predominant mechanism for the deterioration of cast iron pipes, leading to the reduction of pipe capacity and ultimate collapse of the pipes. In order to assess the remaining service life of corroded cast iron pipes, it is imperative to understand the mechanisms of corrosion over a long term and to develop models for pipe deterioration. Although many studies have been carried out to determine the corrosion behavior of cast iron, little research has been undertaken to understand how cast iron pipes behave over a longer time scale than hours, days, or weeks. The present paper intends to fill the gap regarding the long-term corrosion behaviour of cast iron pipes in the absence of historical data. In this paper, a comprehensive experimental program is presented in which the corrosion behaviour of three exservice pipes was thoroughly examined in three simulated service environments. It has been found in the paper that localised corrosion is the primary form of corrosion of cast iron water pipes. It has also been found that the microstructure of cast irons is a key factor that affects the corrosion behaviour of cast iron pipes. The paper concludes that long-term tests on corrosion behaviour of cast iron pipes can help develop models for corrosion-induced deterioration of the pipes for use in predicting the remaining service life of the pipes.

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Ahmad, Naveed, Muhammad Rizwan, Babar Ilyas, Sida Hussain, Muhammad Usman Khan, Hamna Shakeel und Muhammad Ejaz Ahmad. „Nonlinear Modeling of RC Substandard Beam–Column Joints for Building Response Analysis in Support of Seismic Risk Assessment and Loss Estimation“. Buildings 12, Nr. 10 (20.10.2022): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12101758.

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The paper discusses how joint damage and deterioration affect the seismic response of existing reinforced concrete frames with sub-standard beam–column joints. The available simplified modeling techniques are critically reviewed to propose a robust, yet computationally efficient, technique for simulating the nonlinear behavior of substandard beam–column joints. Improvements over the existing models include the simulation of the cyclic deterioration of joint stiffness and strength, as well as pinching in the hysteretic response, implemented considering a deteriorating hysteretic rule. A fiber-section forced-based inelastic beam–column element is developed, considering improved material models and fixed-end rotation due to bond failure, rebars-slip, and inelastic extension, to simulate the deteriorating cyclic behavior of existing pre-cracked beam–column members. For the assessment of frames with substandard exterior beam–column joints, a nonlinear model for the exterior joint is developed and validated through a full-scale quasi-static cyclic test performed on a substandard T-joint connection. The proposed model allows considering structural performance in risk assessment while accounting for true inelastic mechanisms at the joints. An assessment of a five-story RC frame revealed that the activation of the joint shear mechanism increases the chord rotation demand on the connecting beam members by up to 85%, with increases of up to 62% (mean drift) and 89% (mean + 1.std.) on the lower floors when determining the inter-story drift demand, and the collapse probability of structures subjected to design base ground motions increased from 4.20% to 29.20%.

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Bouchard, Thomas J. „Dysgenics: Genetic deterioration in modern populations“. American Journal of Human Biology 11, Nr. 2 (1999): 272–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6300(1999)11:2<272::aid-ajhb18>3.0.co;2-#.

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Cappitelli, Francesca, Cristina Cattò und Federica Villa. „The Control of Cultural Heritage Microbial Deterioration“. Microorganisms 8, Nr. 10 (07.10.2020): 1542. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8101542.

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The microbial deterioration of cultural heritage includes physical and chemical damage as well as aesthetic alteration. With the technological advancement, a plethora of techniques for removing unwanted microorganisms have opened up new opportunities for microbiologists and conservators. This article reviews the most applied, up-to-date, and sustainable techniques developed for the control of cultural heritage microbial deterioration presenting noteworthy case studies. These techniques include chemical methods, i.e., traditional biocides and nanoparticles; physical methods, such as mechanical removal, UV irradiation, gamma radiation, laser cleaning, heat shocking, microwaves, and dry ice treatment; and biological methods, such as natural molecules with biocidal activity, enzymes, and microorganisms. The application of control systems requires the comprehension of their behavior toward the unwanted microorganisms and possible interactions with the heritage materials. This overview shows also the control methods drawbacks for the purpose of creating awareness in selecting the most suitable technique or combination of techniques.

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Shiotani, Kazuhiko, und Shunichi Tachibana. „Coating Deterioration Behavior of Ship Using Corrosion Resistant Steel for Ballast Tank“. Journal of the Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers 24 (2016): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2534/jjasnaoe.24.211.

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Wencheng Zhang, Xiaoyong Zhang und Mingdong Zheng. „Influence of Coke Deterioration Behavior in Blast Furnace on Microcrystalline Structure Characteristics“. Coke and Chemistry 65, Nr. 1 (Januar 2022): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068364x22010069.

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SANBAYASHI, Yosuke, Takanobu TAMIYA, Sho AIDA und Masahiro KANDA. „1B1-2 Effects of road marking deterioration on driving behavior (2nd Report)“. Japanese Journal of Ergonomics 54, Supplement (02.06.2018): 1B1–2–1B1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5100/jje.54.1b1-2.

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