Dissertationen zum Thema „Detection et segmentation des lignes“
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Ouwayed, Nazih. „Segmentation en lignes de documents anciens : applications aux documents arabes“. Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN23001/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe indexing of handwritten scanned documents poses the problem of lines segmentation, if it fails, disabling the following steps of words extraction and recognition. In addition, the ancient Arabic documents contain annotations in the margins, often composed of lines obliquely oriented. The detection of these lines is important as the rest and is a major challenge for the indexing of these documents. Thus, the segmentation described in this thesis involves the extraction of multi-oriented lines. For this problem, the bibliography has only rudimentary techniques based essentially on the projection of the document image along one direction, which be failed in the case of multi-oriented documents. Given this lack, we have proposed an adaptive approach that first locates the different orientation zones, then based on each local orientation to extract the lines. During my thesis, i particularly invested on the following points : - Applying an automatic paving using the active contour model (snake). - Preparation the signal of the projection profile by removing all pixels that are not needed in the orientation estimation. Then, implementation of all energy distributions of Cohen's class on the projection profile to find the best distribution that gives the orientation. - Applying some extension rules to find the oriented zones. - Extraction of lines by using an connected components follow-up algorithm. - Separation of overlapped and touched lines using the morphology of Arabic terminal letters
Cousty, Jean. „Lignes de partage des eaux discrètes : théorie et application à la segmentation d'images cardiaques“. Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321885.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLa ligne de partage des eaux topologique (LPE) étend la notion de clivage aux graphes dont les sommets sont valués et permet de segmenter une image. Nous étendons les propriétés des clivages dans les graphes de fusion aux cas des fonctions et proposons un algorithme de LPE
monotone et linéaire dans les grilles de fusion parfaites. Grâce à la notion de graphe d'arêtes, les propriétés des LPE dans les grilles de fusion parfaites s'étendent aux graphes à arêtes valuées.
Nous étudions en profondeur les LPE dans les graphes à arêtes valuées. Les LPE peuvent y être définies en suivant l'idée intuitive de gouttes d'eau s'écoulant sur un relief topographique. Nous établissons aussi bien la consistance que l'optimalité de cette définition. De plus, nous proposons deux algorithmes linéaires qui, à notre connaissance, sont les plus efficaces pour le calcul des LPE.
En nous reposant sur ces résultats théoriques, nous proposons une méthode et développons un logiciel pour la segmentation du ventricule gauche dans des images cardiaques 3D+t par résonance magnétique. La méthode est quantitativement et qualitativement validée par comparaison avec des segmentations manuelles tracées par deux experts cardiologues.
Odobez, Jean-Marc. „Estimation, detection et segmentation du mouvement : une approche robuste et markovienne“. Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10207.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePENG, ANRONG. „Segmentation statistique non supervisee d'images et detection de contours par filtrage“. Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMP0512.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMigniot, Cyrille. „Segmentation de personnes dans les images et les vidéos“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677592.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSekkal, Rafiq. „Techniques visuelles pour la détection et le suivi d’objets 2D“. Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAR0032/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNowadays, image processing remains a very important step in different fields of applications. In an indoor environment, for a navigation system related to a mobile robot (electrical wheelchair), visual information detection and tracking is crucial to perform robotic tasks (localization, planning…). In particular, when considering passing door task, it is essential to be able to detect and track automatically all the doors that belong to the environment. Door detection is not an obvious task: the variations related to the door status (open or closed), their appearance (e.g. same color as the walls) and their relative position to the camera have influence on the results. On the other hand, tasks such as the detection of navigable areas or obstacle avoidance may involve a dedicated semantic representation to interpret the content of the scene. Segmentation techniques are then used to extract pseudosemantic regions based on several criteria (color, gradient, texture...). When adding the temporal dimension, the regions are tracked then using spatiotemporal segmentation algorithms. In this thesis, we first present joint door detection and tracking technique in a corridor environment: based on dedicated geometrical features, the proposed solution offers interesting results. Then, we present an original joint hierarchical and multiresolution segmentation framework able to extract a pseudo-semantic region representation. Finally, this technique is extended to video sequences to allow the tracking of regions along image sequences. Based on contour motion extraction, this solution has shown relevant results that can be successfully applied to corridor videos
LIAO, QINGMIN. „Detection de contours et segmentation d'images : applications a la teledetection et a la biologie marine“. Rennes 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN10183.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGresson, Régis. „Segmentation et reconstruction tridimensionnelle du foyer de microcalcifications mammaires“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998INPL108N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSADKI, MUSTAPHA. „Detection et segmentation d'objets d'interet en imagerie 2d et 3d par classification automatique des pixels et optimisation sous contraintes geometriques de contours deformables“. Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13270.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBonakdar, Sakhi Omid. „Segmentation of heterogeneous document images : an approach based on machine learning, connected components analysis, and texture analysis“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00912566.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleUrien, Hélène. „Détection et segmentation de lésions dans des images cérébrales TEP-IRM“. Thesis, Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0004/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe recent development of hybrid imaging combining Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an opportunity to exploit images of a same structure obtained simultaneously and providing complementary information. This also represents a real challenge due to the difference of nature and voxel size of the images. This new technology offers attractive prospects in oncology, and more precisely in neuro-oncology thanks to the contrast between the soft tissues provided by the MRI images. In this context, and as part of the PIM (Physics in Medicine) project of Paris-Saclay University, the goal of this thesis was to develop a multimodal segmentation pipeline adapted to PET and MRI images, including a tumor detection method in PET and MRI, and a segmentation method of the tumor in MRI. This process must be generic to be applied to multiple brain pathologies, of different nature, and for different clinical application. The first part of the thesis focuses on tumor detection using a hierarchical approach. More precisely, the detection method uses a new spatial context criterion applied on a max-tree representation of the MRI and PET images to select potential lesions. The second part presents a MRI tumor segmentation method using a variational approach. This method minimizes a globally convex energy function guided by PET information. Finally, the third part proposes an extension of the detection and segmentation methods developed previously to MRI multimodal segmentation, and also to longitudinal follow-up. The detection and segmentation methods were tested on images from several data bases, each of them standing for a specific brain pathology and PET radiotracer. The dataset used for PET-MRI detection and segmentation is composed of PET and MRI images of gliomas and meningiomas acquired from different systems, and images of brain lesions acquired on the hybrid PET-MRI system of Frédéric Joliot Hospital at Orsay. The detection method was also adapted to multimodal MRI imaging to detect multiple sclerosis lesions and follow-up studies. The results show that the proposed method, characterized by a generic approach using flexible parameters, can be adapted to multiple clinical applications. For example, the quality of the segmentation of images from the hybrid PET-MR system was assessed using the Dice coefficient, the Hausdorff distance (HD) and the average distance (AD) to a manual segmentation of the tumor validated by a medical expert. Experimental results on these datasets show that lesions visible on both PET and MR images are detected, and that the segmentation delineates precisely the tumor contours (Dice, HD and MD values of 0.85 ± 0.09, 7.28 ± 5.42 mm and 0.72 ± 0.36mm respectively)
Spinu, Corneliu. „Une approche multi-agents pour la segmentation d'images associant estimation et évaluation“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE10076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLemaitre, Cedric. „DEFINITION ET ETUDE DES PERFORMANCES D'UN DETECTEUR DE STRUCTURES CURVILINEAIRES. APPLICATION A LA STEREOSCOPIE ET LA DETECTION D'OBJETS FILAIRES“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00603569.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThakkar, Chintan. „Ventricle slice detection in MRI images using Hough Transform and Object Matching techniques“. [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001815.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoukadem, Ali. „Segmentation et classification des signaux non-stationnaires : application au traitement des sons cardiaque et à l'aide au diagnostic“. Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713820.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTayyab, Muhammad. „Segmentation and Contrasting in Different Biomedical Imaging Applications“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747430.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLiévin, Marc. „Analyse entropico-logarithmique de séquences vidéo couleur : application a la segmentation et au suivi de visages parlants“. Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZéboudj, Rachid. „Filtrage, seuillage automatique, contraste et contours : du pré-traitement à l'analyse d'image“. Saint-Etienne, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STET4001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMartin, Matthieu. „Reconstruction 3D de données échographiques du cerveau du prématuré et segmentation des ventricules cérébraux et thalami par apprentissage supervisé“. Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI118.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbout 15 million children are born prematurely each year worldwide. These patients are likely to suffer from brain abnormalities that can cause neurodevelopmental disorders: cerebral palsy, deafness, blindness, intellectual development delay, … Studies have shown that the volume of brain structures is a good indicator which enables to reduce and predict these risks in order to guide patients through appropriate care pathways during childhood. This thesis aims to show that 3D ultrasound could be an alternative to MRI that would enable to quantify the volume of brain structures in all premature infants. This work focuses more particularly on the segmentation of the lateral ventricles (VL) and thalami. Its four main contributions are: the development of an algorithm which enables to create 3D ultrasound data from 2D transfontanellar ultrasound of the premature brain, the segmentation of thigh quality he lateral ventricles and thalami in clinical time and the learning by a convolutional neural networks (CNN) of the anatomical position of the lateral ventricles. In addition, we have created several annotated databases in partnership with the CH of Avignon. Our reconstruction algorithm was used to reconstruct 25 high-quality ultrasound volumes. It was validated in-vivo where an accuracy 0.69 ± 0.14 mm was obtained on the corpus callosum. The best segmentation results were obtained with the V-net, a 3D CNN, which segmented the CVS and the thalami with respective Dice of 0.828± 0.044 and 0.891±0.016 in a few seconds. Learning the anatomical position of the CVS was achieved by integrating a CPPN (Compositional Pattern Producing Network) into the CNNs. It significantly improved the accuracy of CNNs when they had few layers. For example, in the case of the 7-layer V-net network, the Dice has increased from 0.524± 0.076 to 0.724±0.107. This thesis shows that it is possible to automatically segment brain structures of the premature infant into 3D ultrasound data with precision and in a clinical time. This proves that high quality 3D ultrasound could be used in clinical routine to quantify the volume of brain structures and paves the way for studies to evaluate its benefit to patients
Petit, Antoine. „Robust visual detection and tracking of complex objects : applications to space autonomous rendez-vous and proximity operations“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00931604.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZiou, Djemel. „La détection de contours dans des images à niveaux de gris : mise en œuvre et sélection de détecteurs“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1991_ZIOU_D.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIrshad, Humayun. „Automated Mitosis Detection in Color and Multi-spectral High-Content Images in Histopathology : Application to Breast Cancer Grading in Digital Pathology“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENM007/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDigital pathology represents one of the major and challenging evolutions in modernmedicine. Pathological exams constitute not only the gold standard in most of medicalprotocols, but also play a critical and legal role in the diagnosis process. Diagnosing adisease after manually analyzing numerous biopsy slides represents a labor-intensive workfor pathologists. Thanks to the recent advances in digital histopathology, the recognitionof histological tissue patterns in a high-content Whole Slide Image (WSI) has the potentialto provide valuable assistance to the pathologist in his daily practice. Histopathologicalclassification and grading of biopsy samples provide valuable prognostic information thatcould be used for diagnosis and treatment support. Nottingham grading system is thestandard for breast cancer grading. It combines three criteria, namely tubule formation(also referenced as glandular architecture), nuclear atypia and mitosis count. Manualdetection and counting of mitosis is tedious and subject to considerable inter- and intrareadervariations. The main goal of this dissertation is the development of a framework ableto provide detection of mitosis on different types of scanners and multispectral microscope.The main contributions of this work are eight fold. First, we present a comprehensivereview on state-of-the-art methodologies in nuclei detection, segmentation and classificationrestricted to two widely available types of image modalities: H&E (HematoxylinEosin) and IHC (Immunohistochemical). Second, we analyse the statistical and morphologicalinformation concerning mitotic cells on different color channels of various colormodels that improve the mitosis detection in color datasets (Aperio and Hamamatsu scanners).Third, we study oversampling methods to increase the number of instances of theminority class (mitosis) by interpolating between several minority class examples that lietogether, which make classification more robust. Fourth, we propose three different methodsfor spectral bands selection including relative spectral absorption of different tissuecomponents, spectral absorption of H&E stains and mRMR (minimum Redundancy MaximumRelevance) technique. Fifth, we compute multispectral spatial features containingpixel, texture and morphological information on selected spectral bands, which leveragediscriminant information for mitosis classification on multispectral dataset. Sixth, we performa comprehensive study on region and patch based features for mitosis classification.Seven, we perform an extensive investigation of classifiers and inference of the best one formitosis classification. Eight, we propose an efficient and generic strategy to explore largeimages like WSI by combining computational geometry tools with a local signal measureof relevance in a dynamic sampling framework.The evaluation of these frameworks is done in MICO (COgnitive MIcroscopy, ANRTecSan project) platform prototyping initiative. We thus tested our proposed frameworks on MITOS international contest dataset initiated by this project. For the color framework,we manage to rank second during the contest. Furthermore, our multispectral frameworkoutperforms significantly the top methods presented during the contest. Finally, ourframeworks allow us reaching the same level of accuracy in mitosis detection on brightlightas multispectral datasets, a promising result on the way to clinical evaluation and routine
Yin, Ruiqing. „Steps towards end-to-end neural speaker diarization“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS261/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSpeaker diarization is the task of determining "who speaks when" in an audio stream that usually contains an unknown amount of speech from an unknown number of speakers. Speaker diarization systems are usually built as the combination of four main stages. First, non-speech regions such as silence, music, and noise are removed by Voice Activity Detection (VAD). Next, speech regions are split into speaker-homogeneous segments by Speaker Change Detection (SCD), later grouped according to the identity of the speaker thanks to unsupervised clustering approaches. Finally, speech turn boundaries and labels are (optionally) refined with a re-segmentation stage. In this thesis, we propose to address these four stages with neural network approaches. We first formulate both the initial segmentation (voice activity detection and speaker change detection) and the final re-segmentation as a set of sequence labeling problems and then address them with Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM) networks. In the speech turn clustering stage, we propose to use affinity propagation on top of neural speaker embeddings. Experiments on a broadcast TV dataset show that affinity propagation clustering is more suitable than hierarchical agglomerative clustering when applied to neural speaker embeddings. The LSTM-based segmentation and affinity propagation clustering are also combined and jointly optimized to form a speaker diarization pipeline. Compared to the pipeline with independently optimized modules, the new pipeline brings a significant improvement. In addition, we propose to improve the similarity matrix by bidirectional LSTM and then apply spectral clustering on top of the improved similarity matrix. The proposed system achieves state-of-the-art performance in the CALLHOME telephone conversation dataset. Finally, we formulate sequential clustering as a supervised sequence labeling task and address it with stacked RNNs. To better understand its behavior, the analysis is based on a proposed encoder-decoder architecture. Our proposed systems bring a significant improvement compared with traditional clustering methods on toy examples
Pinoli, Jean-Charles. „Contribution à la modélisation, au traitement et à l'analyse d'image“. Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STET4005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOk, David. „Mise en correspondance robuste et détection de modèles visuels appliquées à l'analyse de façades“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00974556.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTran, Thi Nhu Hoa. „Analyse et modélisation 3D de l’organisation spatiale des tissus dans des images biologiques“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS457.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCells within the tissue preferentially form a network that works together to carry out a specific function. Thus, the role of a tissue is affected by its cell types as well as the architecture of cellular interactions. A question is to what degree the spatial organization of these cells affects the function of the tissue. We first propose a set of methodologies to analyze the multi-cellular structure of tissues at both local and global scale. The goal is to analyze, formalize, and model the spatial organization of the tissue captured by fluorescence microscopy images. At the local scale, we investigate the spatial relationship of several structures with both direct and indirect cellular interactions. At the global scale, we apply spatial statistic approaches to investigate the degree of randomness of the cell distribution. In addition, an open source toolbox is developed which allows researchers to perform investigations of the position of different cells within a 3D multicellular structure. We apply the toolbox to study of the spatial organization of the islet of Langerhans, a special kind of tissue that plays an important role in regulating the blood glucose level. With a good segmentation accuracy, we have been able to perform our analysis of the islets of Langerhans on several different species such as mouse and monkey. We also utilize our toolbox to explore the structural-functional mechanism of the delta cell, a specific kind of cell within the islet whose role has not yet been determined, but could potentially influence the islet function, in mouse and human. Our generic toolbox is implemented with unbiased analytical capabilities in software platform ImageJ
Pouzet, Mathieu. „Détection et segmentation robustes de cibles mobiles par analyse du mouvement résiduel, à l'aide d'une unique caméra, dans un contexte industriel. Une application à la vidéo-surveillance automatique par drone“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLV002.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe propose a robust method about moving target detection from a moving UAV-mounted or helicopter-mounted camera. The industrial solution has to be robust to large motion of the camera, focus and motion blur in the images, and need to be accurate in terms of the moving target detection and segmentation. It does not have to need a long computation time. The proposed solution to detect the moving targets consists in the global camera motion compensation, and the residual motion analysis, that exists between the successive images. This research domain has been widely explored in the literature, implying lots of different proposed methods. The study of these methods show us that they all have a different and limited application scope, incompatible with our industrial constraints. To deal with this problem, we propose a methodology consisting in the analysis of the state-of-the-art method results, to extract their strengths and weaknesses. Then we propose to hybrid them. Therefore, we propose three successive steps : the inter-frame motion compensation, thecreation of a background in order to correctly detect the moving targets in the image and then the filtering of these detections by a comparison between the estimated global motion of the first step and the residual motion estimated by a local algorithm. The first step consists in the estimation of the global motion between two successive images thanks to a hybrid method composed of a minimization algorithm (ESM) and a feature-based method (Harris matching). The pyramidal implementation allows to optimize the computation time and the robust estimators (M-Estimator for the ESM algorithm and RANSAC for the Harris matching) allow to deal with the industrial constraints. The second step createsa background image using a method coupling the results of an inter-frame difference (after the global motion compensation) and a region segmentation. This method merges the static and dynamic information existing in the images. This background is then compared with the current image to detect the moving targets. Finally, the last step compares the results of the global motion estimation with the residual motion estimated by a Lucas-Kanade optical flow in order to validate the obtained detections of the second step. This solution has been validated after an evaluation on a large number of simulated and real sequences of images. Additionally, we propose some possible applications of theproposed method
Lefèvre, Sébastien. „Détection d'événements dans une séquence vidéo“. Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00278073.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDebroux, Noémie. „Mathematical modelling of image processing problems : theoretical studies and applications to joint registration and segmentation“. Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMIR02/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we study and jointly address several important image processing problems including registration that aims at aligning images through a deformation, image segmentation whose goal consists in finding the edges delineating the objects inside an image, and image decomposition closely related to image denoising, and attempting to partition an image into a smoother version of it named cartoon and its complementary oscillatory part called texture, with both local and nonlocal variational approaches. The first proposed model addresses the topology-preserving segmentation-guided registration problem in a variational framework. A second joint segmentation and registration model is introduced, theoretically and numerically studied, then tested on various numerical simulations. The last model presented in this work tries to answer a more specific need expressed by the CEREMA (Centre of analysis and expertise on risks, environment, mobility and planning), namely automatic crack recovery detection on bituminous surface images. Due to the image complexity, a joint fine structure decomposition and segmentation model is proposed to deal with this problem. It is then theoretically and numerically justified and validated on the provided images
Bouthillon, Marine. „Dispositif de discrimination entre des micro-organismes et leur environnement pour une détection précoce“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAn acquisition system and its algorithm are designed. Their purpose is contaminants detection as quality control in pharmaceutical industry. Contaminants are colonies of micro-organisms growing on micro-porous membrane. We use 3D surface measurement, which has never been done in a microbiological context. In addition, our contribution is to use an LED based lighting instead of a laser. It leads to an important noise reduction. It allows to decrease micro-organisms incubation period from 14 days in current method to 5 days or less. The height map from the system are processed with an outlier detection method combined to a support vector machine. Colonies show varying and various signals, and artifacts are present in the data. Nevertheless, we have been able to detect with success the presence or absence of contaminants with a rate of 98%
Gorea, Andrei. „Le codage visuel des constituants "elementaires" de l'image : approche psychophysique“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066473.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLin, Chao. „P and T wave analysis in ECG signals using Bayesian methods“. Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2012. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/8990/1/lin.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLongo, Laurence. „Vers des moteurs de recherche "intelligents" : un outil de détection automatique de thèmes : méthode basée sur l'identification automatique des chaînes de référence“. Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00939243.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKhlif, Aymen. „Consensus ou fusion de segmentation pour quelques applications de détection ou de classification en imagerie“. Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21141.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHe, Jin. „Urban Detection From Hyperspectral Images Using Dimension-Reduction Model and Fusion of Multiple Segmentations Based on Stuctural and Textural Features“. Thèse, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/10281.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis master’s thesis presents a new approach to urban area detection and segmentation in hyperspectral images. The proposed method relies on a three-step procedure. First, in order to decrease the computational complexity, an informative three-colour composite image, minimizing as much as possible the loss of information of the spectral content, is computed. To this end, a non-linear dimensionality reduction step, based on two complementary but contradictory criteria of good visualization, namely accuracy and contrast, is achieved for the colour display of each hyperspectral image. In order to discriminate between urban and non-urban areas, the second step consists of extracting some complementary and discriminant features on the resulting (three-band) colour hyperspectral image. To attain this goal, we have extracted a set of features relevant to the description of different aspects of urban areas, which are mainly composed of man-made objects with regular or simple geometrical shapes. We have used simple textural features based on grey-levels, gradient magnitude or grey-level co-occurence matrix statistical parameters combined with structural features based on gradient orientation, and straight segment detection. In order to also reduce the computational complexity and to avoid the so-called “curse of dimensionality” when clustering high-dimensional data, we decided, in the final third step, to classify each individual feature (by a simple K-means clustering procedure) and to combine these multiple low-cost and rough image segmentation results with an efficient fusion model of segmentation maps. The experiments reported in this report demonstrate that the proposed segmentation method is efficient in terms of visual evaluation and performs well compared to existing and automatic detection and segmentation methods of urban areas from hyperspectral images.