Dissertationen zum Thema „Détection d'interactions“
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Hamza, Ahmed. „Conception et réalisation d'un outil de détection d'interactions de services“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0032/MQ67279.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJouve, Hélène. „Caractérisation et détection automatique d'interactions de services à partir de spécifications graphiques“. Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EVRY0010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis we propose an automatic method for the computation of feature interactions in telecommunication systems based on a static analysis of the these features specifications. Each feature is described by a labelled rooted tree. Its edges denote the exchanges of messages between the involved phones and an abstract management equipment. Its nodes are labelled either by system states or by items that formalize the reuse, based on the features creation order, of some diagram parts. Feature specifications are made up of such diagrams, and invariants expressing compatibility between states. A first algorithm extracts the characteristic data of a feature from its specification. A second algorithm exploits these data in order to detect interactions. The method is implemented in Prolog and validated by case studies
Chentouf, Zohair. „Détection et résolution d'interactions de services pour la téléphonie IP basées sur des agents logiciels“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2005. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1780.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaynadié, Jérôme. „Nouveaux ligands ferrocéniques incorporant un chromophore organique : étude d'interactions ligand-cation et application à la détection électrochimique et optique“. Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe study of a new class of redox and optical ferrocenyl ion-sensors is described. The originality of its concept is developed in the introduction. These ferrocenyl compounds are substituted by one or two R-amino complexing moieties (-COCH=CHC6H4-p-R, R = NEt2, or azacrown). The length of this chromophore may vary by insertion of an olefinic group. These compounds have been isolated in good yield and three of them have been X-Ray characterized. Both the mono-(first Part) and the di-(second Part) substituted compounds specifically detect calcium by electrochemistry and UV-vis. The monosubstituted compounds are capable of detecting the "Ca-BF4" pair. Thorough NMR and electrochemical investigations clarify the nature of the pathway from Ca2+ interaction to Ca2+ sensing: in
Poltavchenko, Irina. „De l'analyse d'opinions à la détection des problèmes d'interactions humain-machine : application à la gestion de la relation client“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENST, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENST0030.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PHD thesis is motivated by the growing popularity of chatbots acting as advisors on corporate websites. This research addresses the detection of the interaction problems between a virtual advisor and its users from the angle of opinion and emotion analysis in the texts. The present study takes place in the concrete application context of a French energy supplier EDF, using EDF chatbot corpus. This corpus gathers spontaneous and rich expressions, collected in "in-the-wild" conditions, difficult to analyze automatically, and still little studied. We propose a typology of interaction problems and annotate a part of the corpus according to this typology. A part of created annotation is used to evaluate the system. The system named DAPI (automatic detection of interaction problems) developed during this thesis is a hybrid system that combines the symbolic approach and the unsupervised learning of semantic representation (word embeddings). The purpose of the DAPI system is to be directly connected to the chatbot and to detect online interaction problems as soon as a user statement is received. The originality of the proposed method is based on : i) taking into account the history of the dialogue ; ii) the modeling of interaction problems as the expressions of user spontaneous opinion or emotion towards the interaction ; iii) the integration of the web-chat and in-the-wild language specificities as linguistic cues for linguistic rules ; iv) use of lexical word embedding (word2vec) learned on the large untagged chatbot corpus to model semantic similarities. The results obtained are very encouraging considering the complexity of the data : F-score = 74.3%
Zidane, Nora. „Remaniements rationnel de la protéine d'enveloppe virale et de ses domaines pour la détection des infections à flavivirus et l'étude d'interactions avec ses récepteurs“. Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077149.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe envelope protein of Flaviviruses includes 3 ectodomains and a membrane segment. I have characterized the properties of its domain III (ED3) in vitro. I measured the thermodynamic stability of ED3 by experiments of unfolding equilibria, chemically or thermically induced and monitored by spectrofluorimetry; increased the stability of ED3 by changes of residues in its hydrophobic core without affecting its antigenicity; and showed that an ED3 domain, consensus for all the dengue viruses (DENV), was highly stable. The human Ribosomal Protein SA (RPSA) includes a folded N-terminal domain and a disordered C-terminal domain. We quantified their interactions with the ED3 domains of pathogenic Flaviviruses, laminin, heparin and an anticarcinogen (EGCG) by immunochemical and spectrofluorimétrie methods in vitro. I showed that the N- and C-domains had both idiosyncratic and shared fonctions, and that the C-domain mimicked heparin. We determined the serotype specificity of IgMs that were directed to the ED3 domain of each serotype of DENV by using DENV-infected or -uninfected human serums and a statistical analysis by receiving operator characteristic (ROC) curves. These serums were tested in MAC-ELISA with the 4 serotypes of a dimeric hybrid between ED3 and E, coli alkaline phosphatase. The discrimination by ED3 between serums infected by the homotypic DENV and uninfected serums varied with the serotype; it was maximal with the ED3 from DENV1 whatever the infecting serotype. Some ED3 domains discriminated between sérotypes of DENV. Potential applications are described
Gaumont, Noé. „Groupes et Communautés dans les flots de liens : des données aux algorithmes“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066271/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInteractions are everywhere: in the contexts of face-to-face contacts, emails, phone calls, IP traffic, etc. In all of them, an interaction is characterized by two entities and a time interval: for instance, two individuals meet from 1pm to 3pm. We model them as link stream which is a set of quadruplets (b,e,u,v) where each quadruplet means that a link exists between u and v from time b to time e. In graphs, a community is a subset which is more densely connected than a reference. Within the link stream formalism, the notion of density and reference have to be redefined. Therefore, we study how to extend the notion of density for link streams. To this end, we use a real data set where a community structure is known. Then, we develop a method that finds automatically substream which are considered relevant. These substream, defined as subsets of links, are discovered by a classical community detection algorithm applied on the link stream the transformed into a static graph. A substream is considered relevant, if it is denser than the substreams which are close temporally and structurally. Thus, we deepen the notion of neighbourhood and reference in link streams. We apply our method on several real world interaction networks and we find relevant substream which would not have been found by existing methods. Finally, we discuss the generation of link streams having a given community structure and also a proper way to evaluate such community structure
Orcesi, Astrid. „Méthodes d'apprentissage appliquées à l'analyse du comportement humain par vision“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPAST082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe analysis of human behavior by vision is a strong studied research topic. Indeed despite the progress brought by deep learning in computer vision, understanding finely what is happening in a scene is a task far from being solved because it presents a very high semantic level.In this thesis we focus on two applications: the recognition of temporally long activities in videos and the detection of interaction in images.The first contribution of this work is the development of the first database of daily activities with high intra-class variability.The second contribution is the proposal of a new method for interaction detection in a single shot on the image which allows it to be much faster than the state of the art two-step methods which apply a reasoning by pair of instances.Finally, the third contribution of this thesis is the constitution of a new interaction dataset composed of interactions both between people and objects and between people which did not exist until now and which allows an exhaustive analysis of human interactions. In order to propose baseline results on this new dataset, the previous interaction detection method has been improved by proposing a multi-task learning which reaches the best results on the public dataset widely used by the community
Gaumont, Noé. „Groupes et Communautés dans les flots de liens : des données aux algorithmes“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066271.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleInteractions are everywhere: in the contexts of face-to-face contacts, emails, phone calls, IP traffic, etc. In all of them, an interaction is characterized by two entities and a time interval: for instance, two individuals meet from 1pm to 3pm. We model them as link stream which is a set of quadruplets (b,e,u,v) where each quadruplet means that a link exists between u and v from time b to time e. In graphs, a community is a subset which is more densely connected than a reference. Within the link stream formalism, the notion of density and reference have to be redefined. Therefore, we study how to extend the notion of density for link streams. To this end, we use a real data set where a community structure is known. Then, we develop a method that finds automatically substream which are considered relevant. These substream, defined as subsets of links, are discovered by a classical community detection algorithm applied on the link stream the transformed into a static graph. A substream is considered relevant, if it is denser than the substreams which are close temporally and structurally. Thus, we deepen the notion of neighbourhood and reference in link streams. We apply our method on several real world interaction networks and we find relevant substream which would not have been found by existing methods. Finally, we discuss the generation of link streams having a given community structure and also a proper way to evaluate such community structure
Hamza, Ahmed. „Conception et réalisation d'un outil de détection d'interaction de services“. Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2000. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1096.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDeléchelle, Éric. „Analyse de scènes dynamiques : détection du mouvement fondée sur un modèle d'interaction électrique“. Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120066.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBaslé, Emmanuel. „Détection d'interaction avec les protéines : synthèse de sondes polyfonctionnelles et application aux polyamines“. Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S105.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleChemical Biology defines a domain focused on the development of chemical tools for biology. Among this domain, our interests were directed toward two important areas: endogenous protein chemical modification and polyfunctional probes synthesis. This work was especially focused on the biology of polyamines. Its originality lies in the combination of methodology and multi-step synthesis. We first developped a copper catalyzed reaction for nitrogen heterocycles N-arylation. After optimization of reaction conditions, it was applied to endogenous protein chemical modification. Then bifunctional and trifunctional probes, derived from polyamines, have been synthesized. These molecules have fluorescent, affinity or photo-activatable moieties. They subsequently have been tested on different biological systems
Cordeau, Emmanuelle. „Mesure d'interaction récepteur-ligand par marquage au sélénium et détection en spectrométrie de masse élémentaire“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS006/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMeasuring interactions between a drug candidate and its specific target constitutes a parameter of upmost importance in drug discovery process. Because of its robustness and very high sensitivity, radio-isotopic labeling represents up to now the reference method for these pharmacological studies. However, the use of radioactivity confers several constraints about security, health hazards and environmental issues involved by radioactive waste storage. Regarding such limitations, non-radioactive technologies have been developed principally based on fluorescence detection. But the cost of such assay as well as the fact that incorporation of a bulky fluorescent block can affect the affinity for small ligand limit their use. In this context, we aim to develop a new methodology to quantify receptor-ligands interactions. Mass spectrometry (MS) presents very interesting features in terms of detection sensitivity and specificity, making this technique a challenging analytical tool to replace radioactivity and fluorescence measurements commonly used in pharmacology. Among all MS technologies, the capacity of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) to provide metallic and hetero elements absolute quantification, whatever the nature of the sample medium, prompted us to investigate this technique in combination with an appropriate labeling of the molecule of interest. Selenium was selected as a good compromise between ICP-MS response and chemical tagging ability through the creation of covalent bonds using conventional organic sulfur chemistry without disturbance of the affinity toward targeted receptor. Proof of concept was illustrated on the vasopressin receptor (V1A), a GPCR involved in vasoconstriction and emotional behavior and implying peptide as native ligand. Different strategies were applied to design selenium labeled peptides relying in either conventional amino acid substitution by corresponding selenium containing residue into peptide sequence such as cysteine (Cys) replacement by selenocysteine (Sec) as well as proline (Pro) by selenazolidine (Sez), or N-terminal peptide derivatization with a selenium containing small organic entity. ICP-MS analytical methodology was carefully investigated to provide sensitive and reliable selenium signal measurement. High inorganic salts contents of pharmacological buffer along with polyatomic interferences from plasma interfering selenium detection necessitate chromatographic separation and collision reaction cell equipment before ICP-MS detection. The pharmacological protocol was also adapted to the analytical requirements, in particular quantity of cells and sample handling. Robustness of the designed competitive binding assay was evaluated through the affinity constant (Ki) measurement of several known V1A-R ligands exhibiting either high or poor affinity for the receptor. Experimental values were strongly correlated to literature data, enabling to validate the proof of concept of such methodology and to propose a suitable alternative to radioactive labeling
Chartier, Matthieu. „Développement et applications d’un outil bio-informatique pour la détection de similarités de champs d’interaction moléculaire“. Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8893.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbstract : Methods that detect binding site similarities between proteins serve for the prediction of function and the identification of potential off-targets. These methods can help prevent side-effects, suggest drug repurposing and polypharmacological strategies and suggest bioisosteric replacements. Most methods use atom-based representations despite the fact that molecular interaction fields (MIFs) represents more closely the nature of what is meant to be identified. We developped a computational algorithm, IsoMif, that detects MIF similarities between binding sites. We benchmark IsoMif to other methods which has not been previously done for a MIF-based method. IsoMif performed best in average and more consistently accross datasets. We highlight limitations intrinsic to the methodology or to nature. The impact of design choices on performance is discussed. We built a freely available web interface that allows the detection of similarities between a protein and pre-calculated MIFs or user defined MIFs. PyMOL sessions can be downloaded to visualize similarities for the different intermolecular interactions. IsoMif was applied for a large-scale analysis (5,6 millions of comparisons) to predict offtargets of drugs. Docking simulations of the drugs in the binding site of their top hits were performed. The primary objective is to generate hypotheses that can be further investigated and validated regarding drug repurposing opportunities and side-effect mechanisms.
Chirita, Raluca-Ioana. „Développement de nouvelles méthodes séparatives compatibles avec une détection par spectrométrie de masse et par électrochimie pour l'analyse de traces de catécholamines et molécules apparentées“. Thesis, Orléans, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ORLE2043/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAs neurotransmitters, catecholamines play an important role in the control and regulation of numerous brain functions. They are also believed to be implicated in different neurodegenerative disorders. First an ion pairing chromatography method using nonafluoropentanoic acid as volatile ion paring agent was developed on the new generation of C18 columns (monolith and fused core). This method is compatible with MS detection in positive ionization mode. Secondly an HILIC method was optimized using different commercially available HILIC supports, they can be classified as follows: neutral (diol, amide, and cyano bounded), positively charged (amino, triazole bounded), negatively charged (bare silica as wholly porous particles or fused core particles columns) and zwitterionic (sulfobetaine bounded). Our studies lead us to a better understanding of the HILIC retention mechanism and also to the selection of the most appropriated column for catecholamine analysis. Only the HILIC system was compatible with both positive and negative ionization modes. The two chromatographic systems were then compared in terms of resolution, efficiency, detection and quantification limits (LOD/LOQ), calibration linearity and repeatability. The LODs obtained were in the range of 1-100 ng.mL-1. A simple pre-concentration method using Oasis HLB and PGC solid phase extraction cartridges has been optimized in order to enhance the LODs. Finally the optimized SPE-LC-MS/MS method has been applied to the identification of these compounds present in brain extracts
Nabaa, Michel. „Morphodynamique de réseaux viaires - Application au risque“. Phd thesis, Université du Havre, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00623691.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLaurent, Sébastien. „Détections d'interactions biologiques par imagerie de résonance plasmonique de surface : applications au criblage pharmaceutique de chimiothèques & à la détection de toxines“. Phd thesis, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00731249.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGros, D'Aillon Eric. „Etude des performances spectrometriques des detecteurs gamma CdTe CdZnTe monolithiques“. Phd thesis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011119.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCe travail a consisté à étudier expérimentalement et par simulation, les corrélations entre le pas des anodes, les propriétés physiques des matériaux (résistivité et propriétés de transport des électrons) et les performances spectrométriques des détecteurs. Nous avons comparé plusieurs méthodes de mesure de la profondeur d'interaction des photons et avons obtenu une résolution en énergie à 122 keV comprise entre 1.7 % et 7 %, selon le matériau, pour 5 mm d'épaisseur. Le partage de charges entre les anodes des détecteurs a été étudié et un traitement des informations mesurées est proposé.