Thematische Bibliographien / Design of fire protection

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Design of fire protection“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 29. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

Hurley, Morgan J., John R. Hall, M. R. Mitchell und R. E. Link. „Uncertainty in Fire Protection Engineering Design“. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 40, Nr. 1 (2012): 103915. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte103915.

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Jiang Feng. „Performance-based Fire Protection Design based on FDS Fire Analysis“. Journal of Convergence Information Technology 8, Nr. 6 (31.03.2013): 293–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jcit.vol8.issue6.36.

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Sakumoto, Y. „Research on New Fire-Protection Materials and Fire-Safe Design“. Journal of Structural Engineering 125, Nr. 12 (Dezember 1999): 1415–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9445(1999)125:12(1415).

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Kotenko, Vladimir, Vladimir Abrazumov und Mihail Ermochenkov. „APPLICATION OF ABLATION MATERIALSFOR HEAT PROTECTION OF CABINS OF FIRE-FIGHTING MACHINES“. Forestry Engineering Journal 9, Nr. 4 (13.01.2020): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/issn.2222-7962/2019.4/15.

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Forest fires are accompanied by the release of a huge amount of heat, and the temperature at the edge of a forest fire, where firefighting equipment usually operates, reaches 300-700 °C. Fire engines are exposed to intense heat to extinguish forest fires. The main requirement for the design of such machines is the availability of rational thermal protection. Studies of various methods of thermal protection of cabins have showed the possibility of lowering the temperature on the inner surface of the cabin, but these methods show low efficiency. Protection of cabs from thermal radiation is not provided in the new developments of forest fire machines. It is proposed to use pre-preg coatings to protect cabins of forest fire engines. They are successfully used in spacecraft designs. Recent technologies for the production of such materials, developed recently, have significantly reduced the cost of production of these materials. It expands the possibilities of their application for other equipment subjected to intense heat exposure. The calculations have showed that the heat-protective coatings of the cabins made of pre-pregs quickly warm up to acceptable temperatures. However the use of water reserves in the tank of the car to cool the inside of the cabs provides high protection efficiency even at the limiting values of heat fluxes that occur in the fireplace. At the same time, water is not consumed; it is heated, circulating between the tank and the heat exchanger. The proposed method of protecting cabs of fire machines from thermal radiation is original one. It is a subject of further development.

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Ahn, Jaekwon, Inhwan Yeo, Gyuhwan Cho und Kyujae Hwang. „Fire Resistance of Steel Composite Beams without Fire Protection“. Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, Nr. 5 (31.10.2020): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.5.83.

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In this study, the fire resistance of steel composite beams typically used in building structures was investigated through standard fire and loading tests. For the tests, fire-exposure conditions depending on the steel section shape and load ratio applied to the beams were considered as the test parameters. Based on the test results, the applicability of fire design methods for composite beams recommended in current domestic and overseas fire design codes was analyzed. The results indicate that the current temperature-based design method and reduced flexural capacity method specified by the American Institute of Steel Construction may lead to the conservative fire design of steel composite beams owing to the underestimation of the effects of the fire-exposure conditions and load ratios.

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Jevtić, Radoje. „Differences between standards related to fire protection systems design“. Tehnika 76, Nr. 3 (2021): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/tehnika2103386j.

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Fire protection and design of fire protection systems present very important engineering tasks in protection of human lives, animals and material properties. Because of its great significance, everything in fire protection and fire protection systems design must be defined by appropriate standards. There are several different standards in use in different countries around the world. Very often, in solvation of different fire protection tasks, there are many questions asked which standard should be used. There are many similarities between standards, but there are also many differences between standards. Also, some standards don't define at all some cases that can be found in fire protection. This paper was written to present solutions for some particular tasks by some valid standards (EN 54, BS, NPB 88-2001, VDE 088-2 and NFPA 72) in fire protection and differences between them in the same cases.

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Wang, ChangXian, Mingji Chen, Kai Yao, Xiaolei Zhu und Daining Fang. „Fire protection design for composite lattice sandwich structure“. Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 24, Nr. 6 (27.11.2017): 919–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2015-0525.

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AbstractComposite lattice structures are of considerable mechanical property and multifunctional design flexibility. However, the relatively low operating temperature of polymer composite prevents its application in high temperature or fire-proofing structures. Here, we propose a type of lightweight composite lattice sandwich structure that is capable of fire proofing as well as load bearing. In our design, the composite lattice sandwich structure is filled with heat insulation materials to interdict the thermal radiation and convection between its two facesheets. The top facesheet of the structure is covered with intumescent coating to isolate fire. Moreover, thermoresistant resin or flame retardant is adopted in manufacturing the top facesheet to improve its thermoresistance. A design procedure has been developed for such kind of fire-proofing structure, by which the material and geometry of the structure can be determined according to the fire-proofing effect. It was demonstrated by experiment that a 30-mm-thick structure, designed by the present procedure, was able to isolate 945°C fire load on the exposed surface for 3600 s, keeping the unexposed surface temperature rise below 139°C.

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Tian, Juan Rong. „Environment Protection for Human Behavior in Metro Fire“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 508 (Januar 2014): 255–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.508.255.

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Questionnaire surveys to passengers in metro have been performed. Frequency distribution statistics was conducted about their personal information, environmental information and human behavior information in fire. On the basis on that, the author made a comparison between results of this research and ones of other researches for buildings fires in domestic, and gained a coincident result. These conclusions will provide more accurate and more effective supports for fireproofing design. At the same time, these conclusions also are good for the fire prevention and environment protection.Questionnaire surveys to passengers in metro have been performed. Frequency distribution statistics was conducted about their personal information, environmental information and human behavior information in fire. On the basis on that, the author made a comparison between results of this research and ones of other researches for buildings fires in domestic, and gained a coincident result. These conclusions will provide more accurate and more effective supports for fireproofing design. At the same time, these conclusions also are good for the fire prevention and environment protection.

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Imagawa, Yusuke, Osamu Ohyama und Akimitsu Kurita. „Design of Fire Protection for Steel Girder Bridges“. IABSE Symposium Report 96, Nr. 6 (01.01.2009): 210–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137809796088198.

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SAITO, Youhei. „Design of Fire Protection Planting and its Theme“. Journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture 62, Nr. 3 (1998): 214–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5632/jila.62.214.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

Randaxhe, Jérôme Michel Simon. „Development of a probabilistic fire demand model and a fire protection for performance-based fire design of petrochemical plants“. Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11572/277120.

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Structures and fire have always been a deep concern for humans. That is even truer for structures dedicated to host a large number of people as high-rise buildings or to deal with hazardous materials as industrial components. Past events have shown how fire can cause severe damages in such structures and trigger devastating consequences in terms of fatalities and losses. To control and prevent fire events, scientists have been providing practitioners with mathematical tools facilitating the study of fire behaviour. These tools have been used to develop fire models, design guidelines and more practical applications such as fire protections for structural members. Therefore, fire engineering community currently aims to cover and enlarge these three fields. Among these fields two unexplored issues relative to fire are identified and appear meaningful to be addressed. They concern the development of additional design guidelines for industrial plants and the design of an innovative fire protection system for steel columns. This thesis is therefore composed of two parts addressing these fire engineering issues by adopting different design approaches. On one hand, a probabilistic fire demand model (PFDM) is developed to study steel pipe-rack structure behaviour exposed to localised fires with a performance-based approach, whereas on the other hand, a fire protection is developed using a prescriptive-based approach. The first part of the thesis studies the behaviour of a structural steel pipe-rack exposed to localised fires. Petrochemical plants are locations highly exposed to severe fire incidents due to the nature of materials that are processed and contained within it. It was observed in the past that critical components as tanks and pipes can fail and lose their containment in case of extreme events like earthquakes or operational accidents. Important localised fire scenarios can result from the ignition of a leaking fuel likely to occur in industrial environment. Since pipe-racks are transporting pipes on long distance within plants, these structures are usually unprotected and more exposed to potential localised fires. For these reasons, a methodology is developed to build a PFDM to investigate the structural behaviour of a steel pipe-rack exposed to a localised fire. To that end, a pipe-rack from an industrial plant in Italy is considered as case study. This structure is then analysed when exposed to 539 different localised fire scenarios which introduced uncertainties for the PFDM. Localised fires are defined with different severity levels by varying three parameters: fire diameter, fire-structure distance and fuel. Parametric analyses are performed to quantify the liquid outflow from orifices in tanks and pipes which facilitates the definition of plausible fire diameters. Thermo-mechanical behaviour of the pipe-rack is analysed with the LOCAFI localised fire model by adopting finite element methods. The purpose of the PFDM is to derive fire fragility functions that can be used by practitioners. For the proper PFDM development, structural analysis outcomes are analysed through cloud analysis (CA) considering different engineering demand parameter (EDP) and intensity measures (IM), characterising the structural response and the fire severity, respectively. CA reveal that the most efficient EDP-IM pair is the interstorey drift ratio (ISDR) - average heat flux impinging the structure (HFavg) pair. The resulting PFDM is then used to derive fire fragility curves considering two predefined structural damages states. The second part of the thesis presents the development of an innovative and cost-effective fire protection system for steel columns. The fire protection is designed to be a plug-and-play system easy and quick to install and dismantle. Therefore, it is composed by two identical components made of high-density rock wool and steel sheets. Steel sheets are bend with a U-shape and present connection claws at their extremities that allow the connection between both components. Rock wool boards are installed inside the steel plates to ensure the insulating efficiency of the protection. The system is designed to protect steel columns and maintain their temperature below 550°C when exposed on four sides for 120 min to standard fire. 550°C corresponds to the steel temperature where strength is reduced to 60%. The fire protection development relies on two experimental campaigns. In order to evaluate the behaviour and the insulating efficiency of the fire protection in early stage, 7 small-scale experimental tests are first performed in a furnace having reduced dimensions. 2D thermal models are developed with finite element methods and calibrated based on experimental results to understand and predict the fire protection efficiency. Predictions are compared against results obtained with the prescriptive analytical model provided in EN1993-1-2. Both numerical and analytical models facilitate the definition of the second experimental test. A large-scale experimental test is performed at an advanced stage of the protection development. That test is conducted according to the norm EN13381-4 and aims to assess the final version of the protection by testing simultaneously five specimens, including four thermal tests and one thermo-mechanical test. Experimental tests results are assessed against the norm and certify the efficiency of the system developed. The fire protection can therefore address steel profiles presenting I, H or hollow cross sections with box section factors going from 42 to 103 m-1. The development is concluded with a cost analysis attesting the competitivity of the plug-and-play fire protection by comparing direct- and indirect costs with existing solutions. In summary, the results of this thesis consist in the development of a PFDM for steel pipe-racks exposed to localised fires and in the development of an innovative and cost-effective plug-and-play fire protection system for steel columns. PFDM can be used to derive fire fragility curves that account for the uncertainty of localised fires severity. These curves constitute tools for practitioners to be applied in a probabilistic fire engineering framework or in a fire risk assessment. Furthermore, a valuable result from the development of the PFDM, remains the methodology adopted and the use of CA which reveal to be a suitable and versatile tool to build a PFDM. The fire protection is designed and developed against European norms certifying its ability to protect steel columns presenting box section factors going up to 103 m-1. The plug-and-play system ensures to keep steel temperature below 550°C for columns being exposed on four sides to standard fire for 120 min. It worth to mention that the good visual aspect of the fire protection brought by the use of steel sheet, make this system particularly appropriate for public and office buildings. Eventually, even though both research topics addressed in this thesis are not directly related, they present a potential synergy considering the fact that plug-and-play fire protections could be used to protect columns of steel pipe-racks and therefore mitigate the impacts of localised fires scenarios identified as critical by fire fragility curves.

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Wilkinson, Peter. „An investigation into resilient fire engineering building design“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12297.

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As an engineering discipline within the United Kingdom, fire engineering is relatively young. It has been accepted as an alternative to traditional prescriptive means of meeting the functional requirements of the Building Regulations since the publication of the 1985 edition of Approved Document B, which was one of a series issued to provide practical guidance on the requirements of the Building Regulations for England and Wales. It deals specifically with fire safety requirements for building work. Performance-based fire engineering design methods have facilitated architectural design freedoms and supported creative construction. This research has established that for a successful and holistic fire engineering strategy to be developed; The end-user client should describe from the outset what they want their building or facility to achieve, and there should be an agreed process for this to happen; Commercial property insurers should be consulted and exploited as a useful and intelligent resource to the design team; and Fire engineering practitioners should fulfil their role as advisers to the architect, or building design team, in order to achieve the agreed objectives. However, it has become evident that since fire engineering has become more established, it is clear that we are far from this ideal situation. Significant concerns have been raised regarding various elements of the design process including the ability to consider aspects other than life safety. Within this discourse, the author has outlined their research investigating how performance-based fire engineering techniques are used within building design. The literature review explores key concepts of fire engineering including definitions and benefits etc., and also describes concerns regarding the motivations for applying fire engineering techniques to building design. Survey-based research suggests that greater input is required from commercial property insurers at the building design stage in order to champion property protection and business resilience objectives. A case-study investigation, however, concluded that for a number of reasons, it is impractical to expect the insurer to influence the design team to the extent desired. Therefore, in response to these various research activities, the concept of business impact analysis has been introduced and developed by the author to ensure that property protection and business continuity objectives are at the forefront of new building design, whether the insurer is involved in the process or not. In order to help consulting fire engineers and architectural design teams incorporate business protection objectives in their fire safety designs, there is a requirement for the established British Standard, which defines a fire engineering procedure, to be enhanced. The author was instrumental in acquiring support from the Technical Committee within BSI responsible for maintaining the Standard, and PD 7974-8 Application of fire safety engineering principles to the design of buildings- Part 8: Property protection, mission continuity and resilience (British Standards institution, 2012) has been developed and published, led by the author. This significant new Standard embeds the use of a business impact analysis as an integral part of the qualitative design review process. Without following the BIA process as described in the draft document PD7974-8, business resilience objectives may be missed within the building design phase, allowing an inferior package of fire protection measures to be incorporated into building developments. For the first time, this new document will enable the building designer to be fully cognisant of their client's critical processes and the resources required to support these processes. It will therefore enable the appropriate fire safety measures to be incorporated into the building design to enhance business resilience. Initial evaluations of this guide though various stakeholder dissemination activities and a public consultation process has been positive. The potential concerns that the evaluations have raised regarding the role of the fire engineer throughout the building design phase, and regarding the prevalence of BIA within organisations will be addressed in the guide and the way it is publicised upon its launch.

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Davesne, Anne-Lise. „New designs of thin coatings for fire protection“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R017.

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L’utilisation intensive de matériaux polymères, hautement inflammables, nécessite le développement de solutions efficaces afin de protéger les hommes et les infrastructures des incendies. Les revêtements fins notamment permettent de réguler les transferts de masse et de chaleur à l’origine du processus de combustion, directement à l’interface entre le matériau et la flamme. En outre, la concentration des retardateurs de flamme à la surface du matériau limite l’utilisation de matière, avec un impact minimum sur les propriétés fonctionnelles du substrat. Le but de cette thèse est de concevoir des revêtements fins innovants, adaptés à plusieurs types de substrats, grâce à une compréhension approfondie du mécanisme de protection de systèmes connus pour être efficaces. Les revêtements en « couche par couche » sont vus comme une solution particulièrement efficace pour diminuer l’inflammabilité des polymères, et sont particulièrement adaptés aux matériaux poreux. Malgré de nombreuses études, leur mécanisme d’action demeure incertain. Des revêtements « couche par couche », constitués soit de chitosan et de vermiculite, soit de polyethylenimine et de nitrure de bore hexagonal, ont été déposés sur des mousses en polyuréthane. Une analyse détaillée de ces matériaux, avant et après avoir été soumis à différents scénario feu, a permis de rassembler les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension de leur mécanisme d’action. Les résultats de cette analyse ont été appliqués au développement de nouveaux concepts. En premier lieu, des revêtements composites à haut taux de charge composés d’hydrogel alginate/argile ont été appliqués en une seule étape sur des tissus en polyamide 66. La réticulation de la matrice a amélioré la stabilité thermique et l’effet barrière physique du revêtement, ce qui a permis de classer les échantillons V-0 au test UL94. Ensuite, un autre type de barrière physique constituée d’une bicouche métal/diélectrique a été déposé sur des plaques de polyamide 6. L’action de ce revêtement repose sur la réflexion du rayonnement infrarouge, ce qui réduit l’absorption de chaleur par le substrat et augmente considérablement le temps d’ignition du polymère sous une contrainte thermique radiative. Ce concept s’est montré très efficace en combinaison avec des retardateurs de flamme (RF) dans la masse. Les deux approches ont un effet complémentaire. Le revêtement agit en premier en limitant l’absorption de chaleur et en retardant l’action des RF. Lorsqu’il perd son intégrité, les charges prennent le relais sans que leur efficacité ne soit diminuée, et réduisent le pic de débit calorifique et la quantité de chaleur dégagée totale du polyamide 6 grâce à l’action de mécanismes physiques et chimiques
The extensive use of highly flammable polymeric materials requires the development of innovative fire protective solutions to lower the threat on human lives and infrastructures integrity. Thin coatings especially act on the mass and heat transfer responsible for the combustion process directly at the interface between the substrate and the flame. They also have the advantage of concentrating the fire retardant system on one place, therefore using the smallest amount of material as possible, and with minimal impact on the bulk properties of the material. The aim of this Ph.D is to design innovative thin coatings adapted to various substrates, based on an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of action of effective systems. Layer-by-layer coatings are seen as a very efficient solution to lower the flammability of polymers and are particularly adapted to porous substrates. Though extensively studied, their mechanism of action remains unclear. Layer-by-layer coatings, composed either of chitosan and vermiculite or of polyethyleneimine and hexagonal boron nitride, were deposited on flexible polyurethane foam. Extensive analysis of the material before and after being exposed to various thermal constraints allowed to gather more insights on their mechanism of action. This knowledge was applied to develop new concepts. On the first hand, high-filler content composite coatings based on alginate/clay hydrogels were applied in a one pot process on polyamide 66 fabrics. The cross-linked network improved the thermal stability and physical barrier effect of the coating, and the approach was proven to be efficient as the samples were rated V-0 at UL94 test. On the other hand, another kind of thin physical barrier deposited by PVD and composed of protected metal was deposited on polyamide 6 plate. Relying on the reflection of infrared rays, this type of coating reduced the heat absorption by the substrate, and considerably increased the time to ignition in a radiative fire scenario. This concept was proven particularly efficient when combined with thermally triggered bulk fire retardant (FR) fillers. It was found that both approaches have a complementary effect. The coating acts first by reducing the heat absorption, delaying the activation of the FR systems. Once it fails, the fillers take over unhindered, allowing to reduce the peak of Heat Release Rate and Total Heat Release of polyamide 6 thanks to physical and chemical mechanisms

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Jonasson, Simon. „Phoenix. : PPE wildfire respirator“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Designhögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162081.

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Forest fires has become an increasing threat all over the world. Pollution and rising greenhouse gases has led to an ever increase in global temperatures. Sweden has previously been spared from larger fires, but in the past few year it has been been made clear that these climate changes will affect the number and intensity of forest fires. In this project I have investigated how forest fires work and how the process of extinguishing them looks today. With a focus on the personal equipment I have looked into how to improve the working environment and the safety for fire-fighters. Using the design process this problem is tackled from a holistic point of view, looking at both the users and context. The solutions presented in this project is a professional safety product called “Phoenix. PPe Wildfire respirator”. A lightweight portable oxygen harness with an attached emergency mask.

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Ivans, Jr William Jeffrey. „A Decision Support Framework for Assessing the Technical Adequacy of Performance-Based Design Approaches to Fire Safety Engineering“. Digital WPI, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/491.

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"This research effort addresses key challenges associated with the technical review and acceptance of performance-based design approaches to fire safety engineering through development of a decision support framework and associated tool. Such design approaches seek to confirm that the overall fire safety system, which includes the building and its protective features, meets a set of fire safety objectives established by relevant stakeholders, and this confirmation is achieved through fire safety analysis, or the application of analytical and computational tools and methods. While the current approach to performance-based fire safety analysis relies on guidelines and standards, these rather generic, process-oriented documents do not provide fire protection engineers (FPEs) sufficient guidance to address critical elements of the analysis process in a systematic, consistent and technically adequate manner. Should a fire safety analysis contain technical deficiencies, then it becomes less clear that the design solution being proposed truly achieves the desired fire safety objectives. Moreover, project stakeholders, including the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ), may lack the necessary qualifications, expertise, or design intimacy to, suitably and reliably, identify and challenge deficient analyses. As a result, the current approach to fire safety analysis and its quality assurance has led to large variations in analysis quality and consequently levels of delivered performance. With no existing equivalent, a decision support framework is proposed that will assist the AHJ and FPEs in determining whether a fire safety analysis is of sufficient technical adequacy to support decision-making, regulatory or otherwise. Additionally, a decision support tool is developed to provide measures of confidence regarding an analysis’s conclusions and assist in identifying those aspects of the analysis most requiring corrective action. Lastly, while developed to address performance-based design approaches to fire safety engineering, the framework may easily be adapted to similar approaches in other fields of engineering, or more generally, applications that make use of process-oriented, analysis-driven design."

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Van, der Klashorst Etienne. „The reliability based design of composite beams for the fire limit state“. Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/429.

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Geoffroy, Laura. „Design of new fire protective multi-materials“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R014.

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Le feu peut causer de graves dégâts matériels et humains. Par conséquent, il est important de mettre au point de nouvelles protections contre le feu. Pour concevoir de nouveaux systèmes toujours plus efficaces, une approche scientifique innovante a été envisagée au sein de cette thèse. Elle consiste à combiner différents concepts et matériaux, tout en jouant sur leur design plutôt que leur formulation pour atteindre de meilleures propriétés de protection thermique. Ainsi, deux nouveaux multi-matériaux de protection contre le feu ont été élaborés, visant dans un cas à limiter la réaction au feu, et dans l’autre cas à augmenter la résistance au feu d’un substrat. Dans une première partie, la fabrication additive s’est révélée être un procédé de choix pour concevoir le matériau ayant une faible réaction au feu. Un design à structure sandwich original inspiré du vivant (nid d’abeille) a été conçu, imprimé en 3D, et optimisé par la combinaison de nombreux concepts (système inhibiteur d’oxygène, barrière physique, revêtement basse émissivité). Grâce à cette association de design et concepts, le multi-matériau, exposé à un flux de chaleur radiatif externe de 50 kW/m2 basé sur la norme ISO 13927 du cône calorimètre, a montré une très faible réaction au feu avec notamment une rapide extinction de flamme et un faible dégagement de chaleur total (inférieur à 10 kW/m2), témoignant de son excellente efficacité. Dans une seconde partie, un système faisant office de barrière thermique a été développé afin de protéger un substrat face à une exposition au feu de 116 kW/m2 (test « burn-through » représentatif du standard aéronautique ISO2685). Cette barrière, combinant les phénomènes d’intumescence et de délamination au sein d’un même design, a permis de réduire considérablement la propagation de la chaleur au sein du système. Le substrat a ainsi été protégé, avec une température en face arrière restant inférieure à 250°C après plus de 15 minutes d’exposition au feu. L’efficacité de ce système optimisé a ensuite été validée sur d’autres substrats. Cette étude prouve que la modification du design de divers matériaux constitue une voie prometteuse pour améliorer la performance des systèmes de protection contre le feu
Fire can cause severe material damage as well as human casualties. The development of new fire protective systems is thus of prime importance. In order to conceive new and more efficient systems, an innovative scientific approach has been considered within this PhD work. It consists in combining various concepts and materials while changing their design rather than their chemistry to achieve superior fire protection. In this way, two novel fireproofing multi-materials were developed and aimed on the one hand to limit the reaction to fire, and on the other hand to increase the fire resistance of a substrate. In the first part, additive manufacturing was selected as a process of choice for designing a material with a low reaction to fire. An original bio-inspired sandwich design (honeycomb-like structure) was elaborated, 3D printed and optimized by the combination of numerous concepts (oxygen inhibitor system, physical barrier, low emissivity coating). Thanks to this association of design and concepts, the multi-material exposed to an external radiant heat flux of 50 kW/m2 based on the ISO 13927 standard of the mass loss cone calorimeter has shown a very low reaction to fire with a fast flame extinguishment and an extremely low total rate of heat release rate (less than 10 kW/m2) evidencing its outstanding efficiency. In a second part, a system acting as a fire barrier was developed to protect a substrate against a fire exposure of 116 kW/m2 (burn-through fire testing mimicking the aeronautical standard ISO2685). Intumescence and delamination phenomena were combined within the same design to elaborate this barrier. This new and optimized assembly dramatically reduces heat propagation and protects the substrate, its backside temperature remaining below 250°C after more than 15 minutes of fire exposure. The effectiveness of this fire barrier was finally tested on other substrates to extend its use. This study proves that modifying the design of various materials can be a promising way to design new and very effective fire protective systems

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Alvarez, Rodriguez Alberto. „An integrated framework for the next generation of Risk-Informed Performance-Based Design approach used in Fire Safety Engineering“. Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/5.

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Review of decades of worldwide experience using standards, codes and guidelines related to performance-based fire protection design for buildings has identified shortcomings in the interpretation, application and implementation of the performance-based design process, wide variation in the resulting levels of performance achieved by such designs, and several opportunities to enhance the process. While others have highlighted shortcomings in the past, as well as some ideas to enhance the process, it is proposed that a more fundamental change is needed. First, the political and technical components of the process need to be clearly delineated to facilitate better analysis and decision-making within each component. Second, the process needs to be changed from one which focuses only on fire safety systems to one which views buildings, their occupants and their contents as integrated systems. In doing so, the activities associated with the normal operation of a building and how they might be impacted by the occurrence of a fire event become clearer, as do mitigation options which account for the behaviors and activities associated with normal use. To support these changes, a new framework for a risk-informed performance-based process for fire protection design is proposed: one which is better integrated than current processes, that treats a fire event as a disruptive event of a larger and more complex "building-occupant" system, and that provides more specific guidance for engineering analysis with the aim to achieve more complete and consistent analysis. This Ph.D. Dissertation outlines the challenges with the existing approaches, presents the "building-occupant" system paradigm, illustrates how viewing fire (or any other hazard) as a disruptive event within an holistic "building-occupant" system can benefit the overall performance of this system over its lifespan, and outlines a framework for a risk-informed performance-based process for fire protection design. Case studies are used to illustrate shortcomings in the existing processes and how the proposed process will address these. This Dissertation also includes a plan of action needed to establish guidelines to conduct each of the technical steps of the process and briefly introduces the future work about how this plan could be practically facilitated via a web-platform as a collaborative environment.

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Loreto, Débora Rodrigues. „Proselitismo arquitetônico e plano de prevenção e proteção contra incêndio“. reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173732.

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O objetivo deste trabalho é conscientizar o arquiteto acerca da importância do projeto arquitetônico como forma de proteção passiva na defesa e prevenção à vida e ao patrimônio desde sua concepção. Após o incêndio da Boate Kiss, em janeiro de 2013, em Santa Maria, no Rio Grande do Sul, que vitimou 242 pessoas, foram concebidas novas legislações contra incêndio e, mais tarde, alterações no intuito de reparar as falhas existentes nas legislações anteriores no RS. A análise das legislações vigentes no Rio Grande do Sul foram aplicadas ao estudo de caso do Edifício Copan, prédio de importância singular para a Arquitetura Moderna Brasileira, projetado na década de 50, pelo arquiteto Oscar Niemeyer, e escolhido pelo seu porte monumental. A partir das exigências, foi feita uma aproximação de avaliação da edificação, do ponto de vista do Plano de Prevenção Contra Incêndio (PPCI), como executado no RS. O Plano de Prevenção Contra Incêndio deve ser pensado desde o início do projeto arquitetônico e não como última etapa, preferencialmente, integrado com as demais partes constituintes de uma edificação, evitando assim, o retrabalho no projeto como: ajustes de layout, aumento de área construída, e, em alguns casos, descaracterização da forma e volume do edifício.
The objective of this work is to make the architect aware of the importance of architectural design from its elaboration as a form of passive protection in the defense and prevention of life and patrimony. After the fire at nightclub Kiss in January 2013, in Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (RS), which killed 242 people, it was created new fire safety legislation and later there were changes to repair the existing flaws in previous legislation in the RS. Current laws in Rio Grande do Sul were analysed and then applied to the case study of the Copan Building, which holds a unique role in Modern Brazilian Architecture. The building wasdesigned in the 1950’s by the architect Oscar Niemeyer and it was chosen for the case study because of its monumental size. Based on the requirements, it was carried out an assessment of the building, according to the Fire Prevention Plan, as executed in RS. The Fire Prevention Plan must be considered from the beginning of the architectural project and not as a last stage, and it must preferably be integrated with the other constituent parts of a building, thus avoiding rework in the project such as layout adjustments, increase of built area and, in some cases, decharacterization of the shape and volume of the building.

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Li, Haiyu. „Computer-aided design and simulation of fibre optic systems for power system protection“. Thesis, University of Bath, 1994. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359252.

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Bücher zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

Fire protection engineering in building design. Amsterdam: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2003.

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Coon, J. Walter. Fire protection: Design criteria, options, selection. Kingston, MA: R.S. Means Co., 1991.

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Gagnon, Robert M. Design of water-based fire protection systems. Albany: Delmar Publishers, 1997.

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Lindeburg, Michael R. Fire and explosion protection systems: A design professional's introduction. 2. Aufl. Belmont, CA: Professional Publications, 1995.

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Fire and explosion protection systems: A design professional's introduction. Belmont, CA: Professional Publications, 1993.

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Kirby, B. R. Fire resistance of steel structures: Modern fire protection systems and design methods. Redcar: British Steel, General Steels, 1990.

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Kirby, B. R. Fire resistance of steel structures: Modern fire protection systems and design methods. Redcar: British Steel Corporation, 1986.

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Kirby, B. R. Fire resistance of steel structures: Modern fire protection systems and design methods. Redcar: British Steel Corporation, 1985.

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Fire safety engineering design of structures. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996.

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Fire safety engineering : design of structures. 2. Aufl. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann, 2007.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

Hurley, Morgan J., und Eric R. Rosenbaum. „Performance-Based Design“. In SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 1233–61. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_37.

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Grant, Casey C. „Halon Design Calculations“. In SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 1450–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_43.

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Hurley, Morgan J. „Uncertainty in Fire Protection Engineering Design“. In Uncertainty in Fire Standards and What to Do About It, 76–87. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp49303t.

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Schifiliti, Robert P., Richard L. P. Custer und Brian J. Meacham. „Design of Detection Systems“. In SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 1314–77. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_40.

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Bukowski, Richard W., und Jeffrey S. Tubbs. „Egress Concepts and Design Approaches“. In SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 2012–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_56.

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Scheffey, Joseph L. „Foam Agents and AFFF System Design Considerations“. In SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering, 1646–706. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2565-0_47.

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Pau, Dennis, Christine Duncan und Charles Fleischmann. „Fire Protection and Fire Safety Design of New Zealand Heritage Building“. In The Proceedings of 11th Asia-Oceania Symposium on Fire Science and Technology, 879–93. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9139-3_65.

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Luo, Xiner, Hong Yang, Peng Yu und Changfu Sun. „Measures of Fire Protection Design for Embedded Substations“. In Proceedings of the 23rd International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, 317–24. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3977-0_23.

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Li, Fang, und Huahui Li. „Fire Safety Design for Large Transportation Hubs“. In Fire Protection Engineering Applications for Large Transportation Systems in China, 65–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58369-9_3.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

Nixon, Robert. „Sustainable Fire Protection After Halon“. In Ship Design and Operation for Environmental Sustainability. RINA, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3940/rina.es.2002.17.

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Rosenbloom, Lary J., und Richard A. Berry. „Mixed Oxide Fuel Fabrication Facility Design/Engineering Glovebox: Fire Protection Safety“. In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93377.

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Gloveboxes in a mixed oxide fuel fabrication facility provide primary confinement for the process systems handling nuclear material. The fire protection design must be coordinated with the confinement design while meeting criticality and life safety requirements. The fire protection strategy for the facility starts with specifying fire resistant systems, structures, and components with low fire loadings and design features that minimize ignition sources. The fire hazards, along with other process hazards, are specifically addressed during the design of nuclear process units. The industrial-scale process glove boxes in the MOX facility utilize polycarbonate as their window material, which was evaluated as being the most appropriate material in terms of constructability, operability, and confinement performance under mechanical loadings (e.g. shock, earthquake). The glovebox fire detectors are installed in accordance with the requirements of NFPA 72-1996 requirements and are an integral part of the facility fire detection system. Special design features to prevent a fire from starting, to divert potentially explosive material upon detection of a fire, and to reliably extinguish any incipient fires are incorporated into glovebox and process unit designs.

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Kim, Hyeong-Jin, und David G. Lilley. „Structural Fire Modeling With the Zone Method“. In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/cie-34450.

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The development of the fire analytical modeling has accelerated over the last 30 years. As a result, fire modeling can often be used to appraise the effectiveness of the protective measures proposed when one designs a building. Fire behavior is extremely important in fire protection engineering and building design engineering. The ultimate goal of modeling studies is to improve scientific and technical understanding of fire behavior leading to flashover in structural fires. The zone modeling approach to multi-room structural fire modeling is emphasized in this study. This paper also summarizes the theory and methodology of the CFAST (Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport) model, and its simpler variant the FASTLite model, which are zone type approaches being widely used by the authors. Studies of this type assist in the understanding of structural fires, and the development of computer modeling studies, and assessment of their predictive capability.

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Xiang, Jianyu, Jinfeng Mao und Nantian Yu. „Research on Performance Design of Air Supply System for Civil Air Defense Engineering“. In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055781.

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Wang, Haoyu, Weisong Fan und Peigui Zhou. „Some Thoughts on the Code for Fire Protection Design of Civil Air Defence Works“. In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055809.

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DaShuai, Li, und Zhang Xu. „Fire Protection Design of Super High-Rise Elevated Heliport“. In 2020 5th International Conference on Electromechanical Control Technology and Transportation (ICECTT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icectt50890.2020.00101.

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Zhang, Qian. „Study on Fire Protection Design of Large Shopping Centers“. In 2016 6th International Conference on Machinery, Materials, Environment, Biotechnology and Computer. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mmebc-16.2016.218.

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Xu, Houcai, Fei You, Peng Yang und Junhui Zhou. „Simulation and Early Warning Design of Fire Resistance Characteristics of Steel Structure Towers for High Voltage Transmission Lines“. In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055825.

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Wang, Huaibin, und Qingzheng Wang. „Research on Design and Application of Fast Extinguishing Device of Rim Seal Fire for External Floating Roof Oil Tank“. In 2019 9th International Conference on Fire Science and Fire Protection Engineering (ICFSFPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icfsfpe48751.2019.9055873.

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Luo, Tiande, und Zi ying Liang. „The Fire Risk of Cigarette Factory and Research on Design Technology of Fire Protection System“. In 2015 International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itms-15.2015.444.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Design of fire protection"

CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC. Engineering and Design: Fire Protection Engineering Policy. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada404421.

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LaFleur, Angela Christine, Alice Baca Muna und Katrina M. Groth. Fire Protection Engineering Design Brief Template. Hydrogen Refueling Station. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1222444.

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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) Design: Fire Protection Engineering for Facilities. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442216.

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Nelson, Harold E., und William D. Walton. The basic structure of the Fire Protection Design Assessment System. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nbs.ir.85-3298.

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PITKOFF, C. C. Cold Vacuum Drying facility fire protection system design description (SYS 24). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Juli 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/797511.

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SINGH, G. Cold Vacuum Dryer (CVD) Facility Fire Protection System Design Description (SYS 24). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Oktober 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/805403.

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Reneke, Paul A., Morgan C. Bruns, Stanley W. Gilbert, Chandler MacLaren, Richard D. Peacock, Thomas G. Cleary und David T. Butry. Towards a process to quantify the hazard of fire protection design alternatives. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Mai 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.2041.

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Johnson, B. H. Design criteria document, Fire Protection Task, K Basin Essential Systems Recovery, Project W-405. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Dezember 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10118498.

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Grill, Raymond A., und Duane A. Johnson. Fire protection and life safety provisions applied to the design and construction of WTC 1, 2, and 7 and post-construction provisions applied after occupancy. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ncstar.1-1d.

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Carino, Nicholas J,, Monica A. Starnes, John L. Gross, Jiann C. Yang, Scott R. Kukuck, Kuldeep R. Prassad und Richard W. Bokowski. Passive fire protection. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ncstar.1-6a.

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