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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Description à l’échelle atomique“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Description à l’échelle atomique"
Menand, Alain, und Didier Blavette. „Un voyage au cœur des matériaux à l’échelle atomique“. Reflets de la physique, Nr. 4 (Mai 2007): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/2007037.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe Moal, Eric, und Elizabeth Boer-Duchemin. „La nano-optique sous la pointe d’un microscope à effet tunnel“. Photoniques, Nr. 102 (Mai 2020): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/202010231.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTroyon, M., H. N. Lei und Z. Wang. „La microscopie à force atomique et le contrôle des surfaces à l’échelle submicrométrique“. Matériaux & Techniques 85, Nr. 5-6 (1997): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/199785050045.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRiedel, Damien. „Une nanoantenne modulable pour le contrôle de l’amplification du champ optique à l’échelle atomique“. Photoniques, Nr. 53 (Mai 2011): 50–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/photon/20115350.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEpicier, T., und C. Cayron. „Précipitation métastable dans les alliages Al 6XXX : apports de l’imagerie enSTEM-ADFà l’échelle atomique“. Revue de Métallurgie 109, Nr. 6 (2012): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/metal/2012018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGautier, R., C. Petit, V. Bolcato, E. Planus und F. Marchi. „Nouveaux travaux pratiques en nanotechnologies : étude nano-mécanique de micro/nano-objets mous/souples par AFM“. J3eA 18 (2019): 1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/j3ea/20191004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBarthel, Étienne, Thierry Deschamps, Guillaume Kermouche, Christine Martinet, Gergely Molnar und Anne Tanguy. „Le verre : fragile ou ductile ?“ Reflets de la physique, Nr. 74 (Dezember 2022): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/refdp/202274046.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFuhrer, R., und F. Rouillon. „La version française de l’échelle CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale). Description et traduction de l’échelle d’autoévaluation“. Psychiatry and Psychobiology 4, Nr. 3 (1989): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00001590.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIgoa, José Manuel. „La décennie 1989-1998 dans la psychologie espagnole : analyse de la recherche sur les processus psychologique de base, en histoire et autres sujets connexes“. Bulletin de psychologie 56, Nr. 464 (2003): 179–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/bupsy.2003.15212.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGautier, B., A. Brugere, O. Ligor, S. Gidon, D. Albertini und A. Descamps-Mandine. „Mesure et cartographie à l’échelle nanométrique des propriétés ferroélectriques et diélectriques des couches minces par les techniques dérivées de la microscopie à force atomique“. Matériaux & Techniques 99, Nr. 4 (2011): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/mattech/2011115.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Description à l’échelle atomique"
Bouissonnie, Arnaud. „Les cinétiques de dissolution : de l'approche mécaniste à l'échelle atomique à la description macroscopique à l'échelle centrimétrique“. Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAH013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissolution kinetics represent a major challenge in the understanding of geological phenomena. During this thesis, several factors that could impact dissolution were studied in order to link different spatial scales. The dissolution of the model minerals of this thesis, enstatite and calcite, was studied from the atomic scale to the face scale for the first and from the face to the porous medium scale for the second. The dissolution anisotropy observed experimentally on enstatite could be reproduced using a probabilistic model. The interest of this type of model has been demonstrated and proposals for extending their use have been made. A surrogate model for the dissolution rate of enstatite linking the atomic scale to the face scale was also established. The study of calcite has demonstrated the importance of the selection of the rate law in dissolution rates upscaling studies. A column experiment and its simulation using a reactive-transport model demonstrated that the heterogeneity of the fluid flow around a mineral plays a major role in the dissolution of minerals
Ellezam, Laura. „Dopage (Co/Fe) de nanoparticules de RuO2 : synthèse, modélisation et caractérisation structurale“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS304.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is the full analysis of RuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) doped with Co or Fe. This is a big challenge because of the size of these systems (1.0 - 2.5 nm). Synthesis were conducted by three different aqueous pathways at low temperature: via sol-gel, hydrothermal and by co-precipitation methods. Fe atoms replaces easily Ru, whereas it is more difficult for Co. Several parameters had to be changed to obtain a successful doping. In order to characterize the local structure of Co or Fe-doped RuO2 nanoparticles, and understand the structural modifications, a coupling between modelling with DFT calculation and analysis by Pair Distribution Function (PDF) was set up. First a bulk model and after a NP model was built and optimized by DFT. It was seen that numerous doping atoms tend to be localized at the surface of the NPs whereas it is more thermodynamically stable to have a good dispersion when the number of doping atom is smaller. From these DFT model, PDF curves were calculated and compared with experimental PDF curves. These comparisons allow to identify the rutile structure, describe the local structure, and to validate DFT models. It also allows the attribution of distances in the structure and shows the need to consider specifically the surface modifications. This PDF/DFT conclusions were validated by high level STEM-HAADF-EELS analysis
Belabbas, Imad. „Simulation à l’échelle atomique des cœurs de dislocations dans le nitrure de gallium“. Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the state of art of atomistic simulations, we have investigated energetics, atomic and electronic structures of different core configurations of prismatic and basal dislocations in wurtzite GaN. For that purpose, we have used three different methods: ab-initio DFT, tight-binding (SCC-DFTB) and an empirical potential (Modified Stillinger-Weber). We have provided the first atomistic models for the mixed dislocation core, where the configuration with a double 5/6-atoms ring corresponds to the structure already observed by Z-contrast imaging. We have also proposed, for the screw dislocation, a new core configuration, with a double 6-atoms ring, which is more energetically favourable than the configuration, with a single 6-atoms ring, known up to now. For this dislocation, we have, moreover, shown the presence of extended channels running along the core that may be at the origin of leakage currents, usually observed in GaN based devices. In case of basal dislocations, we have demonstrated for screw dislocations that the most energetically favourable core configuration belongs to the shuffle set, while a complete reconstruction of dangling bonds at the core of glide configurations do not lead necessarily to a lowering in core energy. For the mixed 60° dislocation, we have shown that the most energetically favourable core belongs to the glide set and possesses nitrogen polarity. A shuffle configuration with a complex 5/8/5-atoms ring structure, that contains wrong bonds, was found to be energetically favourable for the edge dislocation. This configuration is expected to result from a 90° bending of a screw dislocation with a double 6-atoms ring core during an ELO growth. All the core configurations of the edge dislocation were found to exhibit a large stress field. This may be a driving force for contamination of GaN layers grown by ELO with Si and O atoms which form the mask
Ngayam, Happy Raoul. „Prévisions de l’évolution microstructurale sous irradiation d’alliages ferritiques par simulations numériques à l’échelle atomique“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10173/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we have improved a diffusion model for point defects (vacancies and self-interstitials) by introducing hetero-interstitials. The model has been used to simulate by Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) the formation of solute rich clusters that are observed experimentally in irradiated ferritic model alloys of type Fe – CuMnNiSiP – C.Electronic structure calculations have been used to characterize the interactions between self-interstitials and all solute atoms, and also carbon. P interacts with vacancies and strongly with self-interstitials. Mn also interacts with self-interstitials to form mixed dumbbells. C, with occupies octahedral sites, interacts strongly with vacancies and less with self-interstitials. Binding and migration energies, as well as others atomic scale properties, obtained by ab initio calculations, have been used as parameters for the KMC code. Firstly, these parameters have been optimized over isochronal annealing experiments, in the literature, of binary alloys that have been electron-irradiated. Isochronal annealing simulations, by reproducing experimental results, have allowed us to link each mechanism to a single evolution of the resistivity during annealing. Moreover, solubility limits of all the elements have been determined by Metropolis Monte Carlo. Secondly, we have simulated the evolution at 300 °C of the microstructure under irradiation of different alloys of increasing complexity: pure Fe, binary alloys, ternaries, quaternaries, and finally complex alloys which compositions are close to those of pressure vessel steels. The results show that the model globally reproduces all the experimental tendencies, what has led us to propose mechanisms to explain the behaviours observed
Kraych, Antoine. „Modélisation à l’échelle atomique du rôle des dislocations dans la déformation de la bridgmanite“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10091/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHeat transfer through the mantle is carried by convection, which involves plastic flow of the mantle constituents. In this study, we model the mobility of dislocations, and their role in the plastic deformation of bridgmanite, the most abundant constituent of the lower mantle. The dislocation structures at the atomic scale control their mobility, and hence their influence on the material’s deformation. We determine the structure of dislocations at pressure relevant for the lower mantle, by modeling these defects at the atomic scale with molecular static calculations. The thermally-activated mechanism of dislocation glide in bridgmanite, the kink-pair nucleation, is assessed by coupling a continuous model to the fundamental properties of dislocations. These results allow to estimate the glide velocity of dislocations, as a function of pressure and temperature. The model is able to reproduce the yield stress measured in laboratory deformation experiments. The model is also able to estimate the stress level needed to deform bridgmanite by dislocation glide at mantle conditions, and allows us to discuss their role in the deformation of the Earth’s lower mantle
Goryaeva, Alexandra. „Modélisation à l’échelle atomique des dislocations et de la plasticité dans la post-perovskite MgSiO3“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10164/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe D’’ layer, located right above the core-mantle boundary, represents a very complex region with significant seismic anisotropy both at the global and local scale. Being a part of inaccessible deep Earth interior, characterized by extreme P-T conditions (>120 GPa, 2500 K), this region is very challenging for interpretation relying only on the direct geophysical observations and high-pressure experiments, leading often to contradictory results. Thus, the reasons of the pronounced anisotropy in D’’ are still debated. Among them, contribution of the crystal preferred orientation in anisotropic silicate post-perovskite (ppv) phase is commonly considered as substantial. Furthermore, the D’’ is a thermal boundary layer located at the interface between liquid iron alloy, constituting the outer core, and solid although viscous silicates of the lowermost mantle. As such, its physical properties are critical for our understanding of the heat transfer from the core, driving mantle convection. The latter is governed by plastic flow, controlled by the motion of defects in crystals. However, for the ppv, information about mechanical properties, easy slip systems, dislocations and their behavior under stress is still scarce. For high pressure phases, numerical modelling represents a powerful tool able to provide the intrinsic properties and the elementary deformation mechanisms, not available for direct observations during high-pressure experiments. The aim of this study is to access the structure and mobility of dislocations in MgSiO3 ppv, relying on the atomic-scale modeling, in order to infer the ability of this phase to plastically deform by dislocation glide at D’’ conditions
Quelennec, Xavier. „Nanostructuration d’un composite Cu-Fe par déformation intense : vers un mélange forcé à l’échelle atomique“. Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES047.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaterials processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD), usually exhibit unusual mechanical properties because of their small grain size and the high density of dislocations. However these defects may give rise to phase transformations. The aim of this work was to obtain non equilibrium solid solution by high pressure torsion (HPT) in the Cu-Fe model system and to identify mechanisms involved in this phase transformation. The initial material was a filamentary nanocomposite fcc-Cu/bcc-Fe. Slices of this composite were processed by HPT for a full range of stain. The material has been investigated with XRD, Mössbauer spectroscopy, TEM and atom probe tomography. Initial bcc-Fe filaments are reduced by HPT until a critical size of about 5 nm. Then the solid solution formation occurs by diffusion in fcc-Cu. This phase is made of equiaxed grains of about 50 nm. Nor dislocations nor interfaces shearing could explained data whereas diffusion profiles give the evidence that enhanced diffusion rate can be attributed to excess vacancies
Nowicki, Tadeusz. „Ségrégation intergranulaire de l'oxygène dans le molybdène : description atomique et mesures“. Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG4201.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRibeiro, Thomas. „«Green coating» à l’échelle atomique : étude théorique et expérimentale de l’adsorption d’inhibiteurs de corrosion respectueux de l’environnement sur surfaces d’aluminium“. Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066650.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAluminium alloys are widely used in the automotive and aeronautic industries. Localized corrosion (such as pitting) stills an issue for these materials. The prohibition of chromate-based treatments requires the research for new environment-friendly corrosion inhibitors. The objective of the work presented herein is the study of gallic acid as an environment-friendly corrosion inhibitor for aluminium. First, a theoretical approach is proposed. This one consists in the elaboration, the characterisation and the study of the reactivity toward O2 of thin hydroxylated alumina on metallic aluminium models, with or without a gallic acid monolayer on top of it. An experimental study of these systems, which consists in the XPS and ToF-SIMS characterisation of the gallic acid layer adsorbed on aluminium samples, is proposed. The influence of this layer presence on top of aluminium on its corrosion behaviour in a chloride medium is then studied, using XPS spectroscopy end classical electrochemistry tools
Dequeker, Jérôme. „Modélisation à l’échelle atomique du système Fe-Al-Mn-C à l’aide de modèles de paires et de calculs thermodynamiques“. Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, lattice models have been developped to model the Fe-Al-Mn-C system, on Body Centered Cubic (BCC) and Face Centered Cubic (FCC) lattices. These models, fitted on ab initio data, allowed to calculate thermostatistic properties of the system (with mean field, CVM and Monte-Carlo methods), in order to produce phase diagrams. The system has been decomposed, on different lattices for methodology reasons, and on sub-systems to deal with modules that depend on the chemistry. The input set database has been studied, as well as the non configurational vibration contribution to the free energy. Studying the binary Fe-Al model on a BCC lattice allowed to highlight the influence of complementary structures in the input set, which are required to obtain good models. Vibration free energy has a significative effect on transition temperatures but is not sufficient to fully reproduce the experimental results. The ordering of carbon adopts a different behavior depending on the presence or on the absence of interactions between interstitial atoms. The models on an FCC network did not lead to satisfactory results, in particular because of the difficulty to find a valid approximation for the study of its magnetism
Bücher zum Thema "Description à l’échelle atomique"
Bohr. La Théorie atomique et la description des phénomènes. Jacques Gabay, 1993.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenHirschfelder, J. O., Lawrence Badash und H. P. Broida. Reminiscences of Los Alamos 1943-1945. Springer, 2012.
Den vollen Inhalt der Quelle findenBuchteile zum Thema "Description à l’échelle atomique"
„Description of the Methods of Risk Analysis Used in the Nuclear Field by the Commissariat A L’Energie Atomique (CEA)“. In Risk Analysis for Offshore Structures and Equipment, 3. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3245-6_1.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKonferenzberichte zum Thema "Description à l’échelle atomique"
DUBRANNA, Jean, Lionel MENARD und Thierry RANCHIN. „De l’échelle nationale à l’échelle du site, cartographie et description de la ressource en énergies marines renouvelables dans un format interopérable“. In Journées Nationales Génie Côtier - Génie Civil. Editions Paralia, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5150/jngcgc.2016.054.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMendes, Alexandra, Franc¸ois Cellier, Carine Ablitzer, Christophe Perrais, Alain Dolliet und Gilles Flamant. „Modeling of the SB-CVD Process Used for TRISO Coated Fuels Fabrication“. In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58118.
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