Zeitschriftenartikel: „Dependence of indicators“

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DAWSON, DEBORAH A. „Consumption indicators of alcohol dependence“. Addiction 89, Nr. 3 (März 1994): 345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.1994.tb00901.x.

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Freebairn, D. M., und C. A. King. „Reflections on collectively working toward sustainability: indicators for indicators!“ Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 43, Nr. 3 (2003): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea00195.

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A variety of indicators have been developed and applied by farmers and scientists for the northern cereal belt. A general overview is presented of 'What are we trying to monitor?' followed by some example concepts; erosion hazard, salinity hazard, nutrient balance, production efficiency and participatory learning. These examples illustrate the complexity of indicator application and their dependence on context, purpose and scale. Emphasis is given to providing a rationale for developing indicators that focus on 'soft' system status (e.g. behaviour) as well as 'hard' system status. The propositions put forward are that indicators need to be integrated with the development of improved management systems, and that land managers (and community) as a collective, are key to this process. Some frequently asked questions about indicator development and application are responded to. Some 'Indicators for Indicators' that we have found useful in aiding indicator development, particularly in participatory fora are presented.

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Khrushchev, S. E. „ON THE EXTREMAL DEPENDENCE COEFFICIENTS OF GAUSSIAN DISTRIBUTIONS“. Vestnik NSUEM, Nr. 1 (01.04.2021): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2021-1-161-167.

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The paper considers a way to represent the relationship between indicators in the form of copulas. Copulas are popular mathematical tools. This is due to the fact that, on the one hand, the marginal distributions of indicators are divided in the copulas, and on the other hand, the structure of the relationship between these marginal distributions is divided, which makes it possible to very effectively study the connections that arise in real populations. Special attention in the work is paid to extremal dependence coefficients - important numerical characteristics of the connection in conditions of extreme small or extremely large values of indicators. It is shown that even under conditions of close correlation between the indices for a two-dimensional Gaussian distribution, the lower and upper coefficients of the extreme dependence take zero values. This indicates the impossibility of predicting the values of one indicator when fixing too small or too large values of another indicator. This work shows that the relationship between the number of COVID-19 coronavirus infections per 100,000 people and the number of deaths from COVID-19 coronavirus infection per 100,000 people in the regions of the Russian Federation can be represented in the form of a Gaussian copula.

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Tugashova, L. G., und A. V. Zatonskiy. „DEVELOPING AN INTEGRAL INDICATOR OF SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS DEVELOPMENT“. Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control & Radioelectronics 21, Nr. 1 (Februar 2021): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr210108.

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Currently, the issue of determining the rating and scientific significance of journals remains very important. It provides a review of the methods for assessing the quality of Russian and foreign journals. Purpose of work. The aim of the study is to develop mathematical models allowing to simulate and predict the dynamics of an integral indicator of the scientific development of a journal. Materials and methods. The paper defines the set of scientometric indicators for assessing the scientific significance of journals. The independence of factors was investigated using a matrix of matching correlation coefficients. A method for obtaining a mathematical dependence that reflects the relationship between the selected scientometric indicators and the integral indicator, based on the application of the multidimensional average method, is proposed. The ranking of factors is performed by the expert method. The weight coefficients were calculated using the Fishburne method. As the source data, we used available information from the scholarly e-library. The results of the study. Using the formula obtained, the values of the integral indicator for 7 years have been calculated from the source data using the example of the Journal 1. Using a similar technique, we derived the dependence of the integral indicator on key indicators of the Journal 2, for which the Science Index indicator has not been defined. The forecast of bibliometric indicators (factors) and the integral index of the journal for the next three years is made. To predict the nature of the change in factors (number of citations), anquadratic and cubic dependence is selected. The influence of joint change of factors on the integral indicator is investigated. Discussion and conclusions. The developed mathematical models can be used to analyze changes in the complex of scientometric indicators over time when designing a development strategy for scientific journals and making managerial decisions.

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Beranová, Michaela, Marcela Basovníková und Dana Martinovičová. „Association between values of the Index IN 99 and the EVA indicator“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59, Nr. 2 (2011): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201159020025.

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The modern indicators of the performance of business entity are based on an economic conception of profit. It means that alternative costs and risks are taken into account in construction of these indicators. Moreover, the modern indicators would also enable to clearly and digestedly identify the links on each level of management, and therefore to support the value-based management. The one of these modern indicators is Economic Value Added. This indicator has been introduced by Stewart Stern & Co. in the early nineties. As some Czech authors state (e.g. Synek, 2007), domestic alternative of the EVA indicator are the IN indexes which has been developing since the middle of the nineties as overall indexes of company’s financial health especially because the indexes coming from abroad had not a good differentiation ability with regard to specifics of the Czech economic environment. The objective of this article is to define the relations between the values of EVA indicator and the values of the index IN 99 while the analysis is focused on agricultural companies of mixed farming. The authors base their work on differences in constructions of these two indicators and on differences in interpretations of their results. Primarily, basic correlation of values of these indicators has been observed. The calculation of Pearson correlation coefficient has been applied on the set of fifty business entities, and the calculated result of 0.669 shows relatively stronger linear dependence. Consequent test has verified a statistical significance of this dependence. Then in this article, the authors are focused on causations of this dependence which is rather strong in spite of a different logic of these two indicators. Other consequences of overall view on company’s economic performance are discussed in the article as well.

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Verkhovod, Irina, und Vladimir Petrenko. „Analysis of Dependence in Ukrainian Enterprises’ Economic Indicators from Measure of their Innovation Activism“. ECONOMICS & SOCIOLOGY 7, Nr. 3 (20.09.2014): 76–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2014/7-3/6.

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Maume-Deschamps, Véronique, Didier Rullière und Khalil Said. „Impact of Dependence on Some Multivariate Risk Indicators“. Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability 19, Nr. 2 (29.02.2016): 395–427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11009-016-9489-4.

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Thampi, Anjana. „The Impact of the Public Distribution System in India“. Indian Journal of Human Development 10, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2016): 353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973703016685792.

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In the context of the recent evidence of a revival of the PDS in certain states, its impact between 2004–2005 and 2011–2012 on the nutritional indicators of children aged 7–19 years was studied by state. This exercise showed that the PDS has had a significant impact on the longer-term nutritional indicator in three of the four functioning states and on the short-term indicator in two reviving states. This indicates that the revival has begun to translate into nutritional gains and catch-up growth of children in some states. Two sets of indicators were used to understand the mechanisms through which these gains were attained. One considered the dependence on the calories provided by PDS commodities; this showed a high dependence on PDS for sufficient intake of calories in functioning states and increasing dependence in certain reviving states. The second indicator was an index of dietary variety. This followed a pattern of higher dietary diversity in beneficiary households in most of the functioning and reviving states. These are encouraging results which offer scope for further reforms.

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Wanic, Maria, Magdalena Jastrzębska, Marta K. Kostrzewska und Janusz Nowicki. „Analysis of weeds communities using selected biological indicators“. Acta Agrobotanica 58, Nr. 1 (2012): 227–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/aa.2005.026.

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The paper analyses the weeds community in oats cultivated at different position in two crop rotations: after potato (in the rotation system with 25% share of oats) and twice after oats (with its 75% share) during the years 1990-2000, using the diversity of species indicators (by Simpson and by Shannon-Wiener), homogeneity of species by Simpson and communities similarity ratios. The dependence of biological indicators on the weather conditions and the dependence of oats grain yield on the number and diversity of species were assessed. Diversity and homogeneity of species in communities of weeds in the field of oats showed high differences from year to year of studies and dates of measurements (stage of oats tillering, end of its vegetation). To a lesser degree they changed under the influence of the position in the rotation system. With the passage of years the number of weeds during the spring period gradually increased. The analyzed parameters showed the differentiated dependence on the weather conditions. The communities form years with similar weather conditions did not show analogy in individual density and species. No significant dependence between the yield and the diversity of weeds was confirmed.

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Palát, Milan, und Alois Kunc. „Alternative indicators of living standards and household consumption expenditure in a global perspective“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, Nr. 2 (2013): 437–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361020437.

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The paper deals with identifying relationships between the household consumption expenditure and the human development index (HDI) on the sample of countries of the world. It provides an analysis of the HDI and the household consumption expenditure and on the basis of available statistic data carries out evaluation of the correlation analysis between household consumption expenditure and HDI in six groups of countries: developed countries, countries of the former eastern bloc, countries of the Near East, countries of South East Asia, Latin American countries and African countries. With respect to results of the analysis, statistically significant dependences were found between the development of household consumption expenditure per capita and HDI. At countries of the former eastern bloc, the dependence is always statistically significant but it does not reach such intensity. At African and some Latin American countries, the dependence is already statistically insignificant. Thus, we can summarize that with decreasing GDP per capita the dependence of the household consumption expenditure development on HDI weakens. In this respect, the validity of a hypothesis is also verified that household consumption expenditure is correlated to the HDI development at the global comparison on the more heterogeneous sample of countries than any other analyses published so far.

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Hirata, Ricardo, Alexandra Suhogusoff und Amélia Fernandes. „Groundwater resources in the State of São Paulo (Brazil): the application of indicators“. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 79, Nr. 1 (März 2007): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652007000100016.

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Indicators, for groundwater resources, have mostly been employed to define the present status and the degradation tendency, regarding both quantity (under- or overexploitation) and quality (natural and anthropic contamination). This work presents the application of indicators in order to draw a picture of the groundwater resources situation in the 22 Water Resource Management Units (WRMU) of the State of São Paulo. The seven Indicators (I1 to I7) applied provide a general overview of groundwater dependence (I1, I2), availability (I3, I4), and quality (I5, I6, I7). Considering public supply (Indicator 1), one observes that 9 WRMUs show high (>50% of the population supplied by groundwater), 6, intermediate (49-25%), and 7, low (<24%) dependence on groundwater. Indicators 3 and 4 show that the resource still presents a great potential for further abstractions in most of the WRMUs, although there is evidence of overexploitation in the Upper Tietê, Turvo/Grande, and Pardo basins, and low availability in the Upper Tietê, Piracicaba/Capivari/Jundiai, and Turvo/Grande. Indicator 5 (aquifer natural vulnerability) denotes that the WRMUs 2, 4, 8, 13, 14 and 18-22 (part of the recharge area of Guarani Aquifer System) need more attention mainly where large contaminant loads are present. Indicator 6 shows the general excellent natural quality of groundwater, although it also denotes that 3 WRMUs need special consideration due to chromium and fluoride contamination. Indicator 7 demonstrates a close relationship between groundwater contamination occurrence and density/type of land occupation.

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Hufnagel, Anna, Ulrich Frick, Monika Ridinger und Norbert Wodarz. „Recovery from alcohol dependence: Do smoking indicators predict abstinence?“ American Journal on Addictions 26, Nr. 4 (04.04.2017): 366–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12535.

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13

Wackowski, Olivia, und Cristine D. Delnevo. „Menthol cigarettes and indicators of tobacco dependence among adolescents“. Addictive Behaviors 32, Nr. 9 (September 2007): 1964–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.12.023.

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Layton, Allan P., und Daniel R. Smith. „Business cycle dynamics with duration dependence and leading indicators“. Journal of Macroeconomics 29, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2007): 855–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmacro.2006.02.003.

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Naik, Prakash C., Tim Webb und Phillip C. McLean. „Clinical evaluation of carbohydrate deficient transferrin as an indicator of alcohol dependence“. Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 11, Nr. 2 (Juni 1994): 64–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700012349.

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AbstractObjective:To evaluate the clinical usefulness of carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) as an indicator of alcohol dependence (DSM 111R).Method:Subjects included 18 patients with alcohol dependence and 36 controls (15 recovering alcohol dependents and 21 blood donors). Blood samples from the subjects were analysed for CDT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and γ Glutamyltransferase (γGT). These indicators were compared for their sensitivities and specificities to detect excessive alcohol use.Results:Amongst patients with alcohol dependence, CDT was detected in all (100%), γGT was raised in 8 (44%) and MCV was raised in 4 (22%). CDT was detected in five of the 36 controls.Conclusion:CDT was the most sensitive indicator of alcohol dependence. However, CDT showed a much higher false positive rate compared to previous studies. More research is required to elicit at what level of alcohol consumption CDT becomes positive. CDT could prove to be a clinically useful indicator of excessive alcohol use in future.

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Nasirovich, Fayziev Jamoliddin, und Qurbonova Sarvinoz Anvar Qizi. „The Dependence Of The Yield Indicators Of Wine Grape Varieties On The Load Of The Bush“. American Journal of Agriculture and Biomedical Engineering 03, Nr. 06 (18.06.2021): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajabe/volume03issue06-06.

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The article examines the dependence of the yield indicators of wine varieties of grapes on the load on the vine. Low or excessive loading of the tubers has been found to adversely affect the subsequent growth and development of the tubers. In the variant with a load of 80 buds in the Maysky cherniy variety, the highest number of buds was recorded - 65.5%. In the Bayan Shirey variety, the number of buds that grew when the load was 80 was the highest - 74.1%, while when the load was increased (120 and 160) it was 68.2 and 59.5%, respectively.

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Hirota, A., W. K. Chandler, P. L. Southwick und A. S. Waggoner. „Calcium signals recorded from two new purpurate indicators inside frog cut twitch fibers.“ Journal of General Physiology 94, Nr. 4 (01.10.1989): 597–631. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.94.4.597.

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Two new Ca indicators, purpurate-3,3'diacetic acid (PDAA) and 1,1'-dimethylpurpurate-3,3'diacetic acid (DMPDAA), were synthesized and used to measure Ca transients in frog cut muscle fibers. These indicators are analogues of the purpurate components of murexide and tetramethylmurexide, in which two acetate groups have been incorporated into each molecule to render it membrane impermeant. The apparent dissociation constant for Ca is 0.95 mM for PDAA and 0.78 mM for DMPDAA. One of the indicators was introduced into a cut fiber, which was mounted in a double Vaseline-gap chamber, by diffusion from the end-pool solutions. The time course of indicator concentration, monitored optically in the middle of the fiber in the central-pool region, suggests that 19% of the PDAA or 27% of the DMPDAA became bound or sequestered inside the fiber. In resting fibers, the absorbance spectrum of either indicator was well fitted by the indicator's [Ca] = 0 mM cuvette absorbance spectrum, which is consistent with the idea that PDAA and DMPDAA do not enter the sarcoplasmic reticulum as tetramethylmurexide appears to be able to do (Maylie, J., M. Irving, N.L. Sizto, G. Boyarsky, and W. K. Chandler, 1987. Journal of General Physiology. 89:145-176). After an action potential, the absorbance of either indicator underwent a rapid and transient change that returned to the prestimulus baseline within 100-200 ms. The amplitude of this change had a wavelength dependence that matched the indicator's Ca-difference spectrum. The average amplitude of peak free [Ca] was 21 microM (PDAA or DMPDAA) if all the indicator inside a fiber was able to react with Ca as in cuvette calibrations, and was 26 (PDAA) or 28 microM (DMPDAA) if only freely diffusible indicator could so react. These results suggest that PDAA and DMPDAA are the first Ca indicators that provide a reliable estimate of both the amplitude and time course of (the spatial average of) free [Ca] in a twitch muscle fiber after an action potential.

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Gorelova, Darya Yuryevna. „Mathematical formalization of indicators for organizational network assessment“. Transport of the Urals, Nr. 3 (2020): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.20291/1815-9400-2020-3-94-99.

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The paper considers a group of indicators that characterize a network organizational structure. The author has studied various approaches for mathematical formalization of self-sufficiency (autarchy) of enterprises included in the organizational network. As a result, the author proposes an approach to calculation of self-sufficiency indicator based on 4 coefficients characterizing enterprise operation. Moreover, the paper considers the methods of calculating such indicators characterizing the organizational structure of the enterprise as coefficient of filling the orbits, coefficient of corporativity, coefficient of intraorbital connectivity of orbits, coefficient of connectivity of orbits, coefficient of participation, coefficient of dependence. The author substantiates basic ideas of developing a complex indicator of sustainability and a method for determination of sustainability of organizational network structures for managing a big company.

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Shi, Yafeng, Xiangxing Tao, Yanlong Shi, Nenghui Zhu, Tingting Ying und Xun Peng. „Can Technical Indicators Provide Information for Future Volatility: International Evidence“. Journal of Systems Science and Information 8, Nr. 1 (26.03.2020): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2020-053-14.

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AbstractWe employ the static and dynamic copula models to investigate whether technical indicators provide information on volatility in the next trading day, where the volatility is measured by daily realized volatility. Our empirical results, based on long samples of 8 well-known stock indexes, suggest that a significant and asymmetric tail dependence between the technical indicators based on moving average and the next day volatility. The level of dependence change over time in a persistent manner. And the dependence structure presents some distinct differences between emerging market indexes and developed market indexes. These results indicate that the technical indicators can provide information on the next day volatility at extremes, and are less informative at normal market.

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Boal-San Miguel, Iván, und Luis César Herrero-Prieto. „Reliability of Creative Composite Indicators with Territorial Specification in the EU“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 8 (11.04.2020): 3070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083070.

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There is wide consensus regarding the capacity of the creative economy as a factor in economic development and sustainability in regions in the medium term, and it is an issue that has aroused interest in measuring the creative potential of areas by estimating composite indicators. Most works posit indicators by countries or cities and normally employ a single aggregation method. This work proposes the construction of a synthetic indicator of creativity with regional disaggregation for a wide sample of European countries, comparing different aggregation methods under the hypothesis of the benefit of the doubt (BoD). We use Eurostat data and also analyse spatial dependence processes. Findings point to an inequality in the regional distribution of creativity in Europe and this reveals creative gap models in areas, suggesting that creativity triggers greater spatial disparities wherever it is found. The principal creative clusters are located in regions in central and northern Europe, particularly in regions with national capitals. The regional distribution of the indicator evidences positive spatial dependence, thereby revealing the existence of spatial externalities that provide feedback for the concentration process and, therefore, a widening of the disparities.

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Prina, A. Matthew, Yu-Tzu Wu, Carolina Kralj, Daisy Acosta, Isaac Acosta, Mariella Guerra, Yueqin Huang et al. „Dependence- and Disability-Free Life Expectancy Across Eight Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A 10/66 Study“. Journal of Aging and Health 32, Nr. 5-6 (30.01.2019): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264319825767.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate healthy life expectancies in eight low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), using two indicators: disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) and dependence-free life expectancy (DepFLE). Method: Using the Sullivan method, healthy life expectancy was calculated based on the prevalence of dependence and disability from the 10/66 cohort study, which included 16,990 people aged 65 or above in China, Cuba, Dominican Republic, India, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and Venezuela, and country-specific life tables from the World Population Prospects 2017. Results: DFLE and DepFLE declined with older age across all sites and were higher in women than men. Mexico reported the highest DFLE at age 65 for men (15.4, SE = 0.5) and women (16.5, SE = 0.4), whereas India had the lowest with (11.5, SE = 0.3) in men and women (11.7, SE = 0.4). Discussion: Healthy life expectancy based on disability and dependency can be a critical indicator for aging research and policy planning in LMICs.

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Letunovska, Nataliia, Liudmyla Saher, Tetiana Vasylieva und Serhiy Lieonov. „Dependence of public health on energy consumption: a cross-regional analysis“. E3S Web of Conferences 250 (2021): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125004014.

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The authors test the hypothesis that there is a link between the consumption of non-renewable resources of the leading economies in the European region in terms of value-added industry and health. They performed a ranking correlation analysis on key indicators of population health and volumes of consumption of renewable and non-renewable resources in individual countries. The researchers assumed a slight relationship between the rate of healthy years of life and the production of renewable energy resources, making a positive contribution to the country’s environmental situation. Among the compared countries, those characterized by high consumption of primary energy resources are proportionally more productive and renewable energy resources. The analysis shows that differences in the health indicators of the regions’ population cause other more important factors than the studied ones. Some dependencies can be seen in analyzing the causes of death among the population of countries, for example, by cardiovascular diseases. The risk factor for this illness is air pollution caused by excessive consumption of non-renewable energy resources. The authors recommend considering the indicator of ecological footprint in the ratings of life quality in the regions. Compared to countries with lower welfare rankings, this parameter is too high for leaders. Under investigation, the authors considered the x3 weight for the health indicator in the Legatum Prosperity Index.

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Bryantsev, Dmitry Vitalyevich, und Rufina Zagitovna Ilyasova. „Identifying and analysing relation between economic security and efficiency of foreign economic activity in Astrakhan region“. Vestnik of Astrakhan State Technical University. Series: Economics 2019, Nr. 4 (16.12.2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24143/2073-5537-2019-4-49-58.

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The article focuses on the need to balance the interests of efficiency and security of the external economic activity of the Astrakhan region in terms of fierce international competi-tion. The importance of studying the external economic activity of the region is explained by the strategic importance of a borderline geopolitical position of the region. There have been formulated the hypotheses about the positive and negative statistical dependence between socio-economic factors of the region development and resulting figures of external trade of the region; the correlation coefficients between them are defined and interpreted. On the basis of correlation and regression analysis, a statistically significant relationship between the factors of external economic activity and of economic security of the Astrakhan region has been established. There are considered four stages of correlation and regression analysis of the external economic activity in ensuring the economic security of the region: determining the dependence of foreign trade on indicators of economic security in the Astrakhan region; determining the relationship between the volume of exports and indicators of economic security of the region; determining the dependence of the volume of imports on indicators of economic security of the region; determining the relationship between the trade balance and the economic security indicators of the Astrakhan region. The results of the correlation analysis are verified and confirmed by means of the determination coefficient, the value of Fisher F-curve, Student t-test and the standard error indicator. As a result, it has been proposed to use the industrial production index as an indicator of the state of efficiency and security of external economic activity of the region. Correlation and regression analysis was performed using Excel spreadsheets, graphical interpretations of the regression analysis are presented, the result matrix of the regression analysis of the trade balance of the Astrakhan region is presented.

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Åkerborg, Örjan, Andrea Lang, Anders Wimo, Anders Sköldunger, Laura Fratiglioni, Maren Gaudig und Mats Rosenlund. „Cost of Dementia and Its Correlation With Dependence“. Journal of Aging and Health 28, Nr. 8 (09.07.2016): 1448–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264315624899.

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Objective: To estimate the cost of dementia care and its relation to dependence. Method: Disease severity and health care resource utilization was retrieved from the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care. Informal care was assessed with the Resource Utilization in Dementia instrument. A path model investigates the relationship between annual cost of care and dependence, cognitive ability, functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and comorbidities. Results: Average annual cost among patients diagnosed with dementia was €43,259, primarily incurred by accommodation. Resource use, that is, institutional care, community care, and accommodation, and corresponding costs increased significantly by increasing dependency. Path analysis showed that cognitive ability, functioning, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were significantly correlated with dependence, which in turn had a strong impact on annual cost. Discussion: This study confirms that cost of dementia care increases with dependence and that the impact of other disease indicators is mainly mediated by dependence.

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Frost-Pineda, Kimberly, Raheema Muhammad-Kah, Lonnie Rimmer und Qiwei Liang. „Predictors, Indicators, and Validated Measures of Dependence in Menthol Smokers“. Journal of Addictive Diseases 33, Nr. 2 (03.04.2014): 94–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10550887.2014.909696.

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Maeda, Eduardo Eiji, Janne Heiskanen, Koen W. Thijs und Petri K. E. Pellikka. „Season-dependence of remote sensing indicators of tree species diversity“. Remote Sensing Letters 5, Nr. 5 (29.04.2014): 404–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2150704x.2014.912767.

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Tecl, Jan. „DEPENDENCE BETWEEN COMPETITIVENESS AND TAX INDICATORS BASED ON COMPETITIVENESS REPORTS“. Acta academica karviniensia 18, Nr. 2 (30.06.2018): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25142/aak.2018.012.

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Simonovska, Natasha, Beti Zafirova-Ivanovska, Aleksandra Babulovska, Zanina Pereska, Irena Jurukov und Liljana Trenchevska-Siljanovska. „Influence of Duration of Heroin Dependence on Humoral Immunologic Indicators“. Journal of Addiction Medicine 10, Nr. 6 (2016): 448–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/adm.0000000000000259.

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Jindrová, Andrea, und Hana Vostrá Vydrová. „Modelling dependence indicators of labor market using advanced statistical methods“. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, Nr. 4 (2012): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260040165.

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Aim this paper is an analysis of disparities in the labor market in the Czech Republic. It is based on qualitative indicators. Unemployment is today increasingly perceived as a negative factor that affects the labor market and economy of the state. Due to the nature of the data, categorical data analysis and logistic regression was selected to reveal opportunities to change the role of unemployed persons to employed ones on the labor market. Cluster analysis on categorical data was used for division of regions into similar groups based on parameters affecting the market status of mentioned person in the labor market. Statistical calculations were performed in SPSS statistical software, version 18. The data from the Labor Force Survey was used for evaluation. Specifically, the fourth quarter of 2009, differentiated according to the NUTS 3 (regions of the Czech Republic). These factors were evaluated: age group, highest completed education, disability, participation in informal education, registration in employment office and family status. Based on the analysis we can conclude that the labor market in the CR is considerably regionally, educationally and physically structured. The workforce of individual does not always have the same weight for an employer. More likely to become unemployed, are people with lower education, disabled people and people who are divorced or widowed. Contrariwise, higher chances to be to employed have people who are registered in employment office and are further self-educating people.

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Khudayberideva, U., S. Navruzov, B. Nasirillaev, CH Bekkamov, N. Abdukayumova und KH Fozilova. „Dependence of silkworm productivity indicators on life expectancy of butterflies“. E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 04049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125804049.

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In this article, the current state of silkworm breeding in Uzbekistan is highlighted by the fact that cocoons, raw silk and silk products grown are not competitive enough. About the role of selection in increasing the volume of cocoon cultivation and improving its quality. This includes ways to influence the genetic characteristics of newly created breeds and their hybrids, which contribute to the improvement of cocoon productivity and technological performance. The importance of population-specific laws, as well as the methodology of experiments, the degree of interdependence of selection traits, experiments in two groups of silkworm breeds and systems, in three gradations, and the results obtained on them. Prospects for the application of experimental results in science and practice are also discussed.

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Karnaukh, V. N., Yu A. Lugovtsova und I. A. Barabash. „Dynamics of quality of life indicators at a multiple sclerosis“. Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 9, Nr. 4 (28.08.2010): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2010-4-63-69.

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The study explored the life quality of 94 multiple sclerosis patients in comparison to healthy respondents and in dependence to different parameters of the disease with the use of SF-36 questionnaire. The study has discovered a decline of all the factors of life quality and their dependence on disablement intensity, clinical course and duration of the disease. Immunomodulatory therapy contributed to the improvement of life quality factors.

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Boneva, Svetla. „Analysis of the Energy Dependence of the European Union“. European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 4, Nr. 1 (01.04.2018): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ejes-2018-0004.

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Abstract The main objective of the research paper is to accomplish a comparative analysis of the energy dependence of the EU member states. This objective is de-composited in several sub-objectives: First, to make a short literature review and a summary of the main ideas concerning energy dependence; Second, to clarify the methodology used for analysis of the energy dependence of the EU. Third, to analyze the nominal energy dependency of the EU, as well as the Union energy dependency by energy types.Fourth, to analyze the energy intensity of the economy of the European Union countries. The research and analytical methods used for the development of the paper involve comparative analysis of the available data on energy security indicators, graphical and table presentation of statistical and empirical data and survey of available legal and analytical research on the topic. Entirely secondary data sources have been used in the research. The research results comprise: - the introduction of two new concepts as a result of the analysis - the nominal energy dependency and the real energy dependency; - the construction of an energy dependency classifying scheme for the European Union member states; - the construction of an classification grid of the energy dependence of the EU member states by energy type. The research results present the author contribution to the research field of energy dependency. They add value not only in analytical terms but also pave the road for formulating further ideas and evidence-based recommendations on policy measures.

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Boneva, Svetla. „Analysis of the Energy Dependence of the European Union“. European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 10, Nr. 1 (02.03.2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v10i1.p42-48.

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The main objective of the research paper is to accomplish a comparative analysis of the energy dependence of the EU member states. This objective is de-composited in several sub-objectives: First, to make a short literature review and a summary of the main ideas concerning energy dependence; Second, to clarify the methodology used for analysis of the energy dependence of the EU. Third, to analyze the nominal energy dependency of the EU, as well as the Union energy dependency by energy types.Fourth, to analyze the energy intensity of the economy of the European Union countries. The research and analytical methods used for the development of the paper involve comparative analysis of the available data on energy security indicators, graphical and table presentation of statistical and empirical data and survey of available legal and analytical research on the topic. Entirely secondary data sources have been used in the research. The research results comprise: - the introduction of two new concepts as a result of the analysis – the nominal energy dependency and the real energy dependency; - the construction of an energy dependency classifying scheme for the European Union member states;- the construction of an classification grid of the energy dependence of the EU member states by energy type. The research results present the author contribution to the research field of energy dependency. They add value not only in analytical terms but also pave the road for formulating further ideas and evidence-based recommendations on policy measures.

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McFarlane, Bonita L., Thomas M. Beckley, Emily Huddart-Kennedy, Solange Nadeau und Stephen Wyatt. „Public views on forest management: value orientation and forest dependency as indicators of diversity“. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 41, Nr. 4 (April 2011): 740–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x11-003.

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Classifying communities as forest dependent based on economic indicators implies that residents of these communities share a utilitarian view of forest management whereby resource extraction and economic benefits are the primary focus. In this study, we test this hypothesis by examining the relationship between forest dependency, value orientation, and views on forest management. Data were collected by mail survey from 1521 residents of the Province of New Brunswick, Canada, in 2007. We classify respondents based on levels of forest dependency of their area of residence and their forest value orientation. We examine variation in beliefs about forest management, goals of forest management, and public involvement across levels of forest dependency and forest value orientation. Results showed some differences among residents from regions with different levels of forest dependence. Considerably greater variation, however, occurred among forest value orientation clusters. This study suggests that regardless of the level of forest dependency, communities comprised a mix of value orientations and that examining populations based on level of forest dependency may mask a plurality of views on forest management within communities.

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Hajiyev, Nazim, Klaudia Smoląg, Ali Abbasov und Valeriy Prasolov. „Energy War Strategies: The 21st Century Experience“. Energies 13, Nr. 21 (05.11.2020): 5797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215797.

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The purpose of this study was to identify the potential initiators of energy wars and determine their boundaries of influence through the prism of energy dependency. The study also evaluated the impact of energy resources on the economic development of 48 countries. The development priorities of those countries were substantiated through establishing the linkage between energy intensity and indicators reflecting the impact of energy resources on economic development. The study offered an energy dependence matrix, which shows which market players can actively participate in energy wars. Using data from the matrix and integrative analysis of energy dependence indicators, the energy dependence forecast was made. The forecast presents optimistic, realistic, and pessimistic scenarios for the short-term (up to 2025) and long-term (up to 2030) impacts of energy wars. The study proposes a novel approach to assessing the impact of energy wars, which implies that the consequences of energy-induced conflict should be evaluated based on forecasted and threshold values. The major threat to the global energy market was found to be political instability in energy-rich countries. The proposed methodological approach is suitable for all groups of countries and allows preventing negative consequences of energy wars through minimizing the level of energy dependence.

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Zhukov, Roman. „Efficiency Evaluation of Functioning of Socio-Economic Systems Based on Production Functions: New Approach“. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, Nr. 3 (Dezember 2019): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2019.3.7.

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The aim of the article is to substantiate the possibility of using the performance indicator designed according to the author’s methodology along with other indicators characterizing functioning of socio-economic systems. The performance indicator is defined as the ratio of normalized and standardized actual results to expected values which are calculated by the model of the relationship of effective signs and state and impact factors. The model is a production function, whose parameters can be defined by factor analysis of dependencies. To substantiate the presented indicator the author carries out a comparative analysis of its statistical dependence with the indicators of technical efficiency calculated using the stochastic boundary method. The paper considers 12 different variants which differ in the type of distributing the random component, which characterizes the inefficiency of the system; methods of calculating technical efficiency, as well as the presentation of data (pooled and panel data). As a basic model, the power multiplicative model in the form of Cobb-Douglas is used, which includes the volume of gross regional product, the cost of fixed assets, the average annual number of employees in economy and the cost of technological innovation taking into account inflation. The information base of the research is data on regions of the Central Federal district for 2007–2016. For the considered variants the relationships between the proposed performance indicator and other indicators considered were statistically significant, which gives reason to use it as a private indicator for analyzing functioning of socio-economic systems. The performance indicator can be used as a tool to analyze and compare functioning of socio-economic systems operating in different conditions.

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Kozlov, Grigorii, Mikhail Pushkarev und Daniil Belyaev. „Dependence of the sample estimates on the sample size“. E3S Web of Conferences 215 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021503004.

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The paper provides data on the dependence of the sample indicators of the arithmetic mean, variance, asymmetry and excess of the length of the needles of European spruce (Picea rubra) and European larch (Larix decidua), the average length of a pair of needles of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and Calabrian pine (Pinus brutia). The sizes of samples have been determined, which make it possible to obtain the values of the estimates of sample indicators that have stabilized around their general values. The data on the difference between the law of distribution of the length of the needles of coniferous plants from the normal one are confirmed. The possibility of using graphs of the dependence of sample indicators on sample sizes for the examination of scientific data is discussed.

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Hůla, J., P. Kovaříček und V. Mayer. „Exploitational indicators, Diesel fuel consumption and work quality during disc tiller skimming“. Research in Agricultural Engineering 49, No. 3 (08.02.2012): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4957-rae.

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During the shallow soil tillage after winter wheat harvest the tractor JOHN DEERE 8200 with disc tiller DOWLANDS 4500 operation was monitored. For dependence of the set field speed within plots acreage the function of type y = 0.43 Ln x + 10.76 was chosen. Average Diesel fuel consumption at first skimming on plots of total acreage 611.4 ha was 7.98 l/ha, for evaluation of Diesel fuel consumption dependence on particular plots acreage was chosen a logarithmic model of function y = –0.81 Ln x + 10.35. For the engine Diesel fuel consumption dependence on average length of working drives through the plots the logarithmic model of function y = –1.83 Ln x + 18.95 was chosen. After first skimming by disc tiller on the soil surface has remained 31.1 wt % of winter wheat post-harvest remainders, in depth of 0–50 mm was found-out of 31.0% of post-harvest remainders, 37.9 wt % of crop remainders was found-out in depth of 50–100 mm. After the second skimming by the blade tiller most of the post-harvest remainders was worked-in to the depth of 50–100 mm (54.3 wt %). After the following pre-seeding soil preparation by combinatory was recorded dislocation of most of crop remainders to depth of 0–50 mm (58.4 wt %).

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Morozova, Elena, Anna Mukhacheva, Tatiana Dobrydina und Nadezhda Usvyat. „Recessive Social Trends in the Coal-Mining Region (on Example of Kuzbass) as a Barrier for Sustainable Development“. E3S Web of Conferences 41 (2018): 04029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184104029.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the dynamics of a number of development indicators of Kemerovo region, which reflect the quality of life of the population, for the period from 1999 to 2016, as well as their dependence on the state of the regional economy. The index of the volume of the gross regional product was chosen as a basic economic indicator. The correlation analysis has revealed a high degree of tightness of the direct linear connection between the growth rates of the gross regional product, on the one hand, and the positive environmental changes. The reverse linear dependence is fixed with the indicators of the level of offenses and emissions into the atmosphere. To determine the degree of impact of the economic downturn on the quality of life of the population, the authors' methodology for assessing “the subsidence” of social indicators during the crisis period was used. Its application in comparison with the all-Russian data made it possible to draw a number of conclusions: in Kemerovo region, the problems of unemployment and negative environmental trends are more acute than in the whole country.

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Dernova, I. A., I. V. Ivanova, T. M. Borovyk und A. Y. Rudenko. „FOREIGN ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL ECONOMY OPENNESS“. BULLETIN 2, Nr. 390 (15.04.2021): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32014/2021.2518-1467.49.

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Under the conditions of increasing intensity of globalization and integration processes, issues of foreign economic security are of special importance. The level of the country’s involvement in the world economy is considered as a basic indicator of the economic system development. Provided that comparative advantages are effectively applied, openness serves as a factor in the development of economy and allows using advanced world technologies and financial resources. The possibility of growth for the national economy as a whole as well as well-being of each subject of the economic system in particular largely depend on the structure and volume of foreign trade. The study analyses the key approaches of various scientists to the interpretation of the economic category called foreign economic security, assesses the degree of foreign trade openness of the national economy based on such indicators as export quota (characterizing the level of export dependence), import quota (characterizing the level of import dependence) and foreign economic quota (which is an indicator of economy’s openness). To assess the level of foreign economic security, security indicators have been considered in accordance with the Methodology for Calculating Economic Security Level. For each indicator, according to the threshold values, the state of security has been determined and an assessment of its level change during 2011-2018 has been carried out. Since the indicators characterizing foreign trade sphere are in a critical state, attention is paid to the analysis of foreign trade indicators of Ukraine. The list of problems of a systemic nature has been worked out, the main threats to foreign economic security have been identified and priority directions for its strengthening have been offered. General recommenda-tions for creating favourable conditions for economic development in foreign trade have also been provided.

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Sunderland, M., T. Slade und R. F. Krueger. „Examining the shared and unique relationships among substance use and mental disorders“. Psychological Medicine 45, Nr. 5 (17.09.2014): 1103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714002219.

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Background.Co-morbidity among use of different substances can be explained by a shared underlying dimensional factor. What remains unknown is whether the relationship between substance use and various co-morbid mental disorders can be explained solely by the general factor or whether there remain unique contributions of specific substances.Method.Data were from the 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing (NSMHWB). A unidimensional latent factor was constructed that represented general substance use. The shared and specific relationships between lifetime substance use indicators and internalizing disorders, suicidality and psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) were examined using Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes (MIMIC) models in the total sample. Additional analyses then examined the shared and specific relationships associated with substance dependence diagnoses as indicators of the latent trait focusing on a subsample of substance users.Results.General levels of latent substance use were significantly and positively related to internalizing disorders, suicidality and psychotic-like experiences. Similar results were found when examining general levels of latent substance dependence in a sample of substance users. There were several direct effects between specific substance use/dependence indicators and the mental health correlates that significantly improved the overall model fit but they were small in magnitude and had relatively little impact on the general relationship.Conclusions.The majority of pairwise co-morbid relationships between substance use/dependence and mental health correlates can be explained through a general latent factor. Researchers should focus on investigating the commonalities across all substance use and dependence indicators when studying mental health co-morbidity.

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Rajchlova, Jaroslava, Anna Fedorova, Kristina Somerlikova, Libor Grega und Veronika Svatošová. „Assessing the existence of synergistic effect in the consolidated accounting entities in the Czech Republic“. Investment Management and Financial Innovations 15, Nr. 2 (22.06.2018): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.15(2).2018.27.

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The objective of the research was to identify possible positive synergistic effect of concerns. Because of the advantages of the existence of consolidated financial statements, the focus is on the Czech consolidated groups.Consolidated financial statements of 719 groups of accounting entities – concerns in the Czech Republic were studied, i.e., the statistical population consisted of 719 reporting units, which can be considered as the total population of all published consolidated financial statements. Following economic indicators were analyzed to discover the existence of positive synergistic effect: cash position ratio, return on equity, return on sales.Based on the research, it the authors concluded that return on equity revealed dependency between change in the value of the indicator of the parent company and consolidated unit. Values of this indicator are interesting from the investment point of view. They confirm success of capital acquisitions.Cash ratio monitoring revealed an inconsistent environment, unambiguous data correlation between the group data and the individual financial statements of the parent companies.Return on sales indicator showed that consolidated groups had reached higher values of the indicator, i.e., lower total cost ratio than parent companies. Data correlation was found at the low level, i.e., the parent companies did not influence consolidated data.Acquisition companies in the Czech Republic in the period 2008–2013 generated positive financial synergy. For financial indicator of return on equity, dependence between consolidated groups and parent companies was confirmed. Positive financial synergy was found out for all monitored financial indicators.

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Cunha, César, Mariela Fernández, Jesús E. García, Verónica Andrea González-López und Nícolas Romano. „A copula-based consistency analysis of education indicators“. 4open 2 (2019): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/fopen/2019013.

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In this paper we investigate the consistency of quality indicators of the Brazilian public educational system. According to the newspaper Estado de São Paulo – Brazil, of January 18, 2017, only 7.3% of students in the third year of high school have an adequate level of mathematics, this shows the relevance of the evaluation and assessment of the Brazilian educational system. In this paper we explore the dependence between two indicators: (i) mean value between the proportions (in two subjects: Portuguese and Mathematics) of students under the basic level (SARESP classification) and (ii) rate of fails, during the years 2013, 2014 and 2015. (i) and (ii) are bases to define the educational quality of public schools for the population of young people, between 14 and 17 years old. This inspection is carried out through the Bayesian estimation of the parameters of the Asymmetric Cubic Sections (ACS) copula. We show that the dependence profile, year after year, behaves in a very unstable way, although during those years there were no substantial changes which justify such instability. Through the copula we compute conditional probabilities of tail events. We verify that an inversion occurred in the concordance/discordance between (i) and (ii). We compute the probability of (i) assuming high values, conditioned to a threshold in (ii). In 2013, as the threshold in (ii) increases the probability increases (concordance), in 2014 the threshold in (ii) is almost irrelevant to the probability and in 2015, as the threshold in (ii) increases the probability decreases (discordance). The inspection of the tail dependence allows to expose some kind of manipulation, in view of for instance, the maintenance of a global index índice de desenvolvimento da educação de São Paulo (IDESP) used to classify the educational institutions.

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Бабенко, Андрій Євгенійович, Олена Євгенівна Соколова und Алла Миколаївна Валько. „Dependence of air passenger transportation from socio-economic indicators of Ukraine“. Technology audit and production reserves 2, Nr. 3(28) (29.03.2016): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2312-8372.2016.66828.

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Luszczynski, J., M. Pieszka, M. Kulisa und B. Dlugosz. „Dependence between racing performance of Thoroughbred horses and their reproduction indicators“. BSAP Occasional Publication 35 (2006): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00042877.

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Thoroughbreds (TB) are treated as one of the most noble horse breeds in the world. Huge financial outlays are involved in breeding, rearing and training TBs which result in the “real breeding and racing industries” associated with Thoroughbred horses. Exhausting training, early exploitation at the race track and narrow selection toward race performance has led to deterioration of other important traits such as reproduction. Compared to other breeds TB mares exhibit more problems with fertility, abortions and foal mortality. It has been shown that these mares are characterized by higher percent of twin pregnancies and lower rearing percentage. Many authors suggest that the worst reproductive indicators are influenced by the mare's age, length and sequence of mare's heat and its season of occurrence and also the sequence of pregnancies (Bruck et al., 1993; Luszczynski et al., 2004a; Hemberg et al., 2004; Luszczynski et al., 2003; Luszczynski et al., 2004b). Also the intensive racing usability has a specific effect on the nervous system, hormonal balance and reproductive functions of further foals’ mothers. The objective of this study was the evaluation of dependencies between TB mares’ racing performance and their reproductive indicators.

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Kurti, Allison N., Danielle R. Davis, Joan M. Skelly, Ryan Redner und Stephen T. Higgins. „Comparison of nicotine dependence indicators in predicting quitting among pregnant smokers.“ Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 24, Nr. 1 (Februar 2016): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pha0000056.

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Zuev, A. Yu, D. S. Parygin und N. P. Sadovnikova. „Study of the dependence of city development indicators from urban form“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 962 (18.11.2020): 032089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/962/3/032089.

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Quoniam, L., H. Rostaing, E. Boutin und H. Dou. „Treating bibliometric indicators with caution: their dependence on the source database“. Research Evaluation 5, Nr. 3 (01.12.1995): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rev/5.3.177.

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Potyomkina, Nanuli. „HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS DEPENDENCE ON VIRTUAL SOCIAL NETWORKS: DEFINITION AND INDICATORS“. Scientific Bulletin of Uzhhorod University. Series: «Pedagogy. Social Work», Nr. 2(47) (17.11.2020): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2524-0609.2020.47.130-136.

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Balla, Eliana, Ibrahim Ergen und Marco Migueis. „Tail dependence and indicators of systemic risk for large US depositories“. Journal of Financial Stability 15 (Dezember 2014): 195–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfs.2014.10.002.

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