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1
Padilla Llano, Samuel Esteban. „From the urban project to the participative public space project: A historical approach.“ MÓDULO ARQUITECTURA CUC 24 (11.04.2020): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/mod.arq.cuc.24.1.2020.04.
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This article makes a chronological tour of the main city-making models, from classic to current times, to arrive at the conclusion that citizen participation in decision-making processes on urban projects has ended up conditioning the current working models of the territory, particularly in terms of urban production. Despite the inconsistency between what the broad body of knowledge on cities (Lexis) establishes for the development of citizenship and the often defended and cited citizen rights, and the practice (praxis) of participation, we find that processes that are promoted as being inclusive and with a collective work approach end up becoming, either through omission, lack of knowledge, inexperience or despotism, models that conceal hierarchical power structures and that deny urban equity and justice in public space projects.
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REMHOF, JUSTIN. „Nietzsche: Metaphysician“. Journal of the American Philosophical Association 7, Nr. 1 (2021): 117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/apa.2019.42.
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AbstractPerhaps the most fundamental disagreement concerning Nietzsche's view of metaphysics is that some commentators believe Nietzsche has a positive, systematic metaphysical project, and others deny this. Those who deny it hold that Nietzsche believes metaphysics has a special problem, that is, a distinctively problematic feature that distinguishes metaphysics from other areas of philosophy. In this paper, I investigate important features of Nietzsche's metametaphysics in order to argue that Nietzsche does not, in fact, think metaphysics has a special problem. The result is that, against a long-standing view held in the literature, we should be reading Nietzsche as a metaphysician.
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Sun, Yong, Wei Qing Yang, Ji Rong Xue, Jian Hui Tian und Wen Wei Li. „Comparing of Cloud Computing and Grid Computing“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (Mai 2014): 5408–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.5408.
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As the current hot technology, many large companies have launched their own cloud computing projects, and the ways to realize each project is different, and ultimately lead to a fragmented state to explain the concept of cloud computing today. Almost all manufacturers do not deny that cloud computing is follow-up and development of grid computing, but their philosophy is different. This article aims to explore the similarities and differences between grid computing and cloud computing, from features, technology and operation costs, and to explore the solution of technical problems related to outstanding solutions through grid technology in the development of cloud computing.
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Webber, Jonathan. „Sociality, Seriousness, and Cynicism“. Sartre Studies International 26, Nr. 1 (01.06.2020): 61–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/ssi.2020.260106.
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This article is a clarification and development of my interpretation of Sartre’s theory of bad faith in response to Ronald Santoni’s sophisticated critique, published in this issue. It begins by clarifying Sartre’s conception of a project and explaining his claim that one project is fundamental, thereby elucidating the idea that bad faith is a fundamental project. This forms the groundwork of my responses to Santoni’s critique of my interpretation, which comprises four arguments: Sartre does not consider us to be ontologically and congenitally disposed to bad faith; Santoni is right that social pressure cannot explain the prevalence of bad faith, but this is a problem with Sartre’s theory rather than a problem for my interpretation of it; Sartre’s conception of seriousness is merely an optional strategy of bad faith; and Sartre is right to deny that bad faith is an inherently cynical project.
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Fairchild, Maegan, und John Hawthorne. „Against Conservatism in Metaphysics“. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 82 (Juli 2018): 45–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246118000103.
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AbstractIn his recent book, Daniel Korman contrasts ontological conservatives with permissivists and eliminativists about ontology. Roughly speaking, conservatives admit the existence of ‘ordinary objects' like trees, dogs, and snowballs, but deny the existence of ‘extraordinary objects', like composites of trees and dogs (‘trogs'). Eliminativists, on the other hand, deny many or all ordinary objects, while permissivists accept both ordinary and extraordinary objects. Our aim in this paper is to outline some of our reasons for being drawn to permissivism, as well as some of our misgivings about conservative metaphysics. In the first section, we discuss a tempting epistemic line of argument against conservatism. This isn’t a line of argument we find especially promising. Our most basic complaint against conservatism is not that conservatism has poor epistemic standing even if true, but instead that conservatism is weird. We develop this thought in the second part of the paper. In the final section we discuss some larger methodological issues about the project of ontology.
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Wolhuter, Charl, und Lynette Jacobs. „COVID-19, the global education project and technology: Disrupting priorities towards rethinking education“. Research in Social Sciences and Technology 6, Nr. 2 (10.09.2021): 96–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.46303/ressat.2021.13.
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This paper argues that the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic created a space to reconceptualise education and rethink priorities. Although no one will deny the devastating impact of the pandemic, humans have been able to continue with various projects, including the global education project, largely made possible through unprecedented technology advancement, as well as the uptake of technologies that advanced pre-COVID-19. In many ways, the clear distinction between human and technological (being non-human) practices has blurred to a point where the mere nature of human projects such as the global education project has become post-human. While different schools of thought on the nature of “post-human” exist, we use it to refer to what we are becoming together, a comprehension and awareness of the connectedness between humans and their natural and technological environment and the ethical concerns that come with it. COVID-19 provides an opportunity to reconsider the connectedness, complexities and dynamics of the world, and what we (humans, nature, Earth, technology) are becoming. Based on a literature survey and critical refection on the state of the global education expansion project at the time of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, we suggest the following changes to the ways quantity, quality and equality in education are conceptualised. The employment of technology should be added in the conceptualisation of input quality. Flexibility, support and connectedness should be built into the process quality equation. Most importantly, ecology should also be added as a product of education, and not merely a contextual influence in education.
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Matthew, Patricia A. „Here on the Margins: My Academic Home“. Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 130, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2015): 1510–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2015.130.5.1510.
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It's not news, or it shouldn't be, that the academy is structurally hostile to meaningful diversity. the reasons FOR this are numerous, and many of them are represented in Written/ Unwritten: Diversity and the Hidden Truths of Tenure—an anthology I edited that features essays and interviews with academics of color. It includes interviews with Houston Baker, Jr., a past MLA president, and Cheryl Wall, Board of Governors Zora Neale Hurston Professor of English, along with an essay by Wilson Santos, an artist, poet, and adjunct professor. I framed the collection with an introduction that shows how the rhetoric of merit used to deny faculty members of color tenure was once used to deny them employment at predominantly white institutions and a conclusion that explores how social media are reshaping how academics of color cope with institutional racism. It's not work I planned to do, and until I stumbled on bell hooks's writing about marginality in Yearning: Race, Gender, and Cultural Politics during my research for the project, I had mixed feelings about it.
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Bredemeier, Brenda Light. „Feminist Praxis in Sport Psychology Research“. Sport Psychologist 15, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2001): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/tsp.15.4.412.
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This article presents a discussion of feminist praxis in sport psychology research. Praxis is a dialectical process of reflection and action that is motivated by one’s commitment to transformation. Those who are engaged in feminist praxis are working to transform the power and privilege differentials based on social structures and practices that deny or diminish the full humanity of all peoples. Sport psychology research that is grounded in feminist praxis seeks to better understand the sport experiences of marginalized people, especially girls and women, in order to inform strategies and processes for personal and social change. Two research projects are used to illustrate feminist praxis in sport psychology research. The first research project involved an investigation of women’s epistemological perspectives in their daily lives and physical activity domains. The second involved a study of lesbian moral exemplars who have been active and influential in sport. The feminist praxis that grounded both projects impacted the relationships among sport psychology researchers and study participants as well as other methodological considerations.
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Machili, Ifigeneia, Jo Angouri und Nigel Harwood. „‘The Snowball of Emails We Deal With’: CCing in Multinational Companies“. Business and Professional Communication Quarterly 82, Nr. 1 (16.12.2018): 5–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329490618815700.
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The ability to copy in relevant stakeholders has rendered the business email a useful tool for managing interpersonal relations and operational matters. However, CCing in business email has remained vastly underresearched in workplace discourse literature, a gap this article seeks to address. We explore the functions of CCing in workplace emails and the way formality is negotiated by writers in one organization. We draw on the analysis of email chains and discourse-based interviews and show that employees strategically project professional achievements and assume and deny responsibility for company decisions as they shift between the sender/receiver positions in the chain.
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Blum, Lawrence. „`White privilege': A mild critique1“. Theory and Research in Education 6, Nr. 3 (November 2008): 309–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477878508095586.
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White privilege analysis has been influential in philosophy of education. I offer some mild criticisms of this largely salutary direction — its inadequate exploration of its own normative foundations, and failure to distinguish between `spared injustice', `unjust enrichment' and `non-injustice-related' privileges; its inadequate exploration of the actual structures of racial disparity in different domains (health, education, wealth); its tendency to deny or downplay differences in the historical and current experiences of the major racial groups; its failure to recognize important ethnic differences within racial groups; and its overly narrow implied political project that omits many ways that White people can contribute meaningfully to the cause of racial justice.
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Gupta, Saloni, und Prabhat Mittal. „Base Erosion and Profit Shifting: The New Framework of International Taxation“. Journal of Business Management and Information Systems 2, Nr. 2 (31.12.2015): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.48001/jbmis.2015.0202009.
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Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) refers to a set of tax avoidance practices that deny the tax revenues to a nation by eroding the tax base of the nation where economic activities generating the profits are performed and where value is created, by shifting the tax incidence to locations where no or low taxes are payable (tax havens). BEPS can be achieved through the use of transfer pricing tactics, treaty shopping, digital economy maneuverings and other dubious means. The term BEPS has been used in a project headed by the OECD which produced final reports in October 2015 in response to fifteen action points agreed previously (July 2013). The BEPS project is an attempt by the world’s major economies to rewrite the rules on corporate international taxation so as to address the widespread perception that the corporations, especially MNCs, don’t pay their fair share of taxes. It seeks to ensure that MNCs report profits where economic activities are carried out and value is created.
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Lewens, Tim. „Human nature, human culture: the case of cultural evolution“. Interface Focus 7, Nr. 5 (18.08.2017): 20170018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2017.0018.
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In recent years, far from arguing that evolutionary approaches to our own species permit us to describe the fundamental character of human nature, a prominent group of cultural evolutionary theorists has instead argued that the very idea of ‘human nature’ is one we should reject. It makes no sense, they argue, to speak of human nature in opposition to human culture. The very same sceptical arguments have also led some thinkers—usually from social anthropology—to dismiss the intimately related idea that we can talk of human culture in opposition to human nature. How, then, are we supposed to understand the cultural evolutionary project itself, whose proponents seem to deny the distinction between human nature and human culture, while simultaneously relying on a closely allied distinction between ‘genetic’ (or sometimes ‘organic’) evolution and ‘cultural’ evolution? This paper defends the cultural evolutionary project against the charge that, in refusing to endorse the concept of human nature, it has inadvertently sabotaged itself.
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Talmadge, Ramsay, Luke Jenkins, Drew Hidalgo, Josh Olivas und Roger Burk. „Alternatives for Navigating Small Unmanned Air Vehicles without GPS“. Industrial and Systems Engineering Review 4, Nr. 2 (12.11.2016): 96–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.37266/iser.2016v4i2.pp96-113.
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Considering the increased reliance on GPS navigation for the Army’s Unmanned Aircraft Systems, adversaries have invested in capabilities to deny our systems access to genuine GPS signals. Although significant effort has been put forth in the areas of anti-jamming and anti-spoofing in GPS receivers, a need for alternative navigation methods in a GPS denied environment has grown in importance. This report outlines the recommendation and analysis completed for Mr. Lars Ericsson of the Army Project Manager Unmanned Aircraft Systems (PM-UAS). The report includes background research in the domain space, comprehensive stakeholder analysis, derived system requirements and functional requirements, ending with alternative generation, value scoring, costing, and provided findings for a recommended alternative for future consideration.
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Tanghe, Shannon. „Integrating World Englishes into a university conversation class in South Korea“. English Today 30, Nr. 2 (08.05.2014): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841400008x.
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Almost three decades have passed since Kachru (1985) proposed his three-circle model of World Englishes. Although this model is often challenged, few would deny its significance in opening the dialogue and raising awareness of issues related to World Englishes. The context of the project described in this paper is South Korea, one of what Kachru's model refers to as an ‘expanding circle country’. Reflecting on the idea of South Korea as an ‘expanding circle country’, this article briefly examines how Korea has expanded and continues to expand as a nation, juxtaposing it alongside the university speaking class I was teaching, as I look toward expanding both my own and my students' minds through exploring World Englishes within a university speaking course.
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Bourdin, Bernard. „Les héritages chrétiens: quel avenir?“ Moreana 46 (Number 176), Nr. 1 (Juni 2009): 175–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/more.2009.46.1.14.
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The legacy from Christianity unquestionably lies at the root of Europe, even if not exclusively. It has taken many aspects from the Middle Ages to modern times. If the Christian heritage is diversely understood and accepted within the European Union, the reason is essentially due to its political and religious significance. However, its impact in politics and religion has often been far from negative, if we will consider what secular societies have derived from Christianity: human rights, for example, and a religious affiliation which has been part and parcel of national identity. The Christian legacy has to be acknowledged through a critical analysis which does not deny the truth of the past but should support a European project built around common values.
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Bogosian, Chad. „Recovering Our Knowledge of the Good Person“. Philosophia Christi 21, Nr. 2 (2019): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/pc201921237.
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Have you wondered how your students or friends simultaneously deny moral facts yet accept the universal wrongness of bullying, sexual assault, or greed? Dallas Willard’s much anticipated final philosophical work offers an incisive analysis of and solution to this phenomenon. Here I provide a brief overview of Willard’s main argument for how moral knowledge disappeared and has thereby become publicly unavailable for teaching it to emerging generation. We first look at what caused this “disappearance” at a social level, and then consider how have contributed to the problem. Finally, we look at Willard’s proposal for how we might recover moral knowledge, and I offer three lingering questions that may provide a springboard for those interested in extending his important project.
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Catto, Michela. „Chinese Atheism in the Mémoires de Trévoux: a Cultural Project against the Existence of a Perfect Atheism“. Journal of Jesuit Studies 6, Nr. 3 (22.08.2019): 416–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22141332-00603002.
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In the first decades of the eighteenth century, the Society of Jesus was busy changing its interpretation of the Chinese world and denying the possible existence of a society of atheists. To safeguard the Chinese mission, the Jesuit Antonio Provana claimed that European cultural models could not be used in order to interpret China, and that the voices and purported beliefs of the Chinese should be reported on their own terms. The same refusal to interpret Chinese culture through the interpretative schemes that European cultures had inherited (largely from the ancient Greeks or Romans) also filled the pages of the Jesuit journal Mémoires de Trévoux between 1701 and 1719, the period analyzed in this contribution. My article in this special issue argues that, due to the extreme rhetorical caution necessary to the Jesuits in France during the third phase (1700) of the Chinese rites controversy, the Mémoires de Trévoux pursued a cultural policy intended to deny the existence of any atheism whether in a single individual or in a whole nation. This departure from a Eurocentric perspective, as well as the denial of atheism in any form, became themes that forcefully reappeared during the Enlightenment.
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Khamedova, Olga. „Neopatriarchal Project of Nationalistic Press of the 1920s-1930s“. Scientific notes of the Institute of Journalism, Nr. 2 (75) (2019): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2522-1272.2019.75.9.
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The article focuses on the problem of interaction between ideology and gender in the Ukrainian press of the 1920s-1930s. The object of the study is the nationalistic periodical publications in the interwar two decades period. The objective of the study is to ascertain the techniques of dissemination of discursive impact and construction of gender models, taking into account the ideological vector of a publication. The chosen research methodology is synthesis of critical discourse-analytical approach with feminist criticism, which allows to analyze the texts in the context of “domination/subordination”. Results of the study. The nationalistic publications consistently restored the patriarchal values in the western Ukrainian society on the eve of the 1920-1930’s. Their journalists constructed an idea of militaristic masculinity as a normative and used the following techniques: modeling a warrior’s image through comparison with a foreign model of normative masculinity, the narratives about dangerous actions and martyrdom of nationalist heroes, popularization of sport and physical hardness aimed at training of youth generation for the upcoming liberation war. The nationalists tried to deny the achievements of the Ukrainian feminist movement, in particular “Soiuz Ukraiinok”/”Union of Ukrainian Women”, had the fierce ideological discussions with the leadership of this organization on the pages of their publications. A woman was represented as a resource in terms of underground struggle against the invaders and in terms of the upcoming national liberation war. However, there were extremely few materials in which the heroines (actants) were women. The heroines in the nationalistic press were endued with three functions: biological, symbolic and ideological. In those materials, which still covered the women as the members of militant groups, military or political actions, their contribution was diminished and consealed. Сonclusions of the study. The patriarchal myth was revivaled on the pages of the nationalistic press of the 1920-1930s. According to nationalists the patriarchal structure of society served best the ideological tasks in order to prepare the Ukrainians for a long national liberation struggle. Relevance of the study. Understanding the mechanisms of interaction between ideology and gender gives an idea of interconnections within the power-media-society paradigm, which is one of the most significant issues of the modern media researches.
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Guskov, A. E., und D. V. Kosyakov. „National fractional calculations and evaluating organization’s science efficiency“. Scientific and Technical Libraries 1, Nr. 9 (30.10.2020): 15–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33186/1027-3689-2020-9-15-42.
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Russian science policy in 2012–2018 appeared to be efficient which is proved by increased number of Russian publications indexed by Web of Science and Scopus. Dubious publication practices on and out of the fringes of science ethics is the other side of the coin. One cannot deny the scale of these practices while it is hard to be estimated. This scientometric challenge may be met through the transfer from integer calculation to fractional one. The authors introduce the term “national fractional calculation” which enables to estimate objectively organizations’ and researchers’ contributions into national science while not to demotivate participation in international collaborations. Based on the example of three groups, i. e. research organizations, Project 5-100 universities and other universities, the integer and fractional calculations are compared in detail for the 2018 as well as in the dynamics for the period 2000–2018 and for different disciplines. The authors show that, moving forward, fractional calculations increasingly differ from the integer ones. The largest differences are characteristic for the group of leading universities of Project 5-100 group being “scientometrically pressurized” within the framework of the national science policy.
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Feldman, Ilana. „Elimination Politics“. Public Culture 31, Nr. 3 (01.09.2019): 563–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/08992363-7532655.
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Focusing on punishment and imprisonment across three time periods, this essay explores the two-pronged attack on Palestinian politics that has characterized the settler-colonial project in Palestine over the past one hundred years. This double move entails an attempt to deny or destroy Palestinian political community, while simultaneously identifying Palestinians as political actors, specifically as bad actors. The aim is to undermine Palestinian political capacity by disrupting connection and organizing, while still deploying the weapon of categorizing Palestinians, individually and collectively, as enemies—under labels such as insurgents, terrorists, and enemy combatants. The struggle over elimination in Palestine has continued through multiple changes in governing regime and across territorial reconfigurations. The different tactics deployed against Palestinians over these decades are a product both of these changes and of the continuing Palestinian refusal to acquiesce to their elimination.
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Merritt, Melissa McBay. „Practical Reason and Respect for Persons“. Kantian Review 22, Nr. 1 (31.01.2017): 53–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369415416000376.
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AbstractMy project is to reconsider the Kantian conception of practical reason. Some Kantians take practical reasoning to be more active than theoretical reasoning, on the grounds that it need not contend with what is there anyway, independently of its exercise. Behind that claim stands the thesis that practical reason is essentially efficacious. I accept the efficacy principle, but deny that it underwrites this conception of practical reason. My inquiry takes place against the background of recent Kantian metaethical debate — each side of which, I argue, points to issues that need to be jointly accommodated in the account of practical reason. From the constructivist, I accept the essential efficacy of practical reason; from the realist, I accept that any genuinely cognitive exercise of practical reason owes allegiance to what is there anyway, independently of its exercise. I conclude that a Kantian account of recognition respect enables us to accommodate both claims.
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KUO, LAUREEN. „Another Perspective on the Coca-Cola Affair in Postwar France“. Enterprise & Society 18, Nr. 1 (11.11.2016): 108–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2016.44.
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The Coca-Cola affair is a notable incident that is often cited in the history of American investments in France. However, the previous literature has generally not examined the social and economic contexts framing the incident, choosing instead to focus on the perspectives of the French communist attacks on Coca-Cola and the political pressure exerted by the French beverage industry to deny Coca-Cola’s application to operate in France. This article, by analyzing the affair based on a broader historical framework, attempts to offer another perspective on this famous incident. Drawing on French and American archival materials, it argues that the major causes of Coca-Cola’s defeat in France were primarily practical, financial considerations of the French government. The success of Pepsi Cola’s investment project in France provides confirmation of such considerations, and were closely related to France’s ultimate national objectives in the postwar years.
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McCarthy, S. Viterbo. „Elderhostelers and College Women Coping with Nuclear Threat: A Comparative Study of Thoughts and Actions about Nuclear War“. Psychological Reports 62, Nr. 2 (April 1988): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.619.
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To relate experiences to thoughts and actions about the nuclear predicament, 49 elderhostelers and 54 college women were compared on their responses to the Nuclear Activism Questionnaire and scores on five areas of the Survey of Feelings about Nuclear War. Tests were group-administered in 30 min. to 49 late adults and 54 young adult women who volunteered to participate and responded anonymously. Analysis showed a significant difference in the mean activism scores of the two groups; elderhostelers were significantly more antinuclear than the young adults. For the two samples, among many similarities on the survey was one striking contrast: if a difference in the tendency to deny threat to self and to project threat on others is indicative of defensiveness, then these elderhostelers were far less defensive than the young adults. From clues about coping strategies noted here, we recommend further inquiry about the paradigm, belief, or world view directing the mode of thought that accounts for activism scores, with larger groups of subjects.
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Muhlison, Muhlison. „STUDI TENTANG KONSEP PENDIDIKAN IDEAL (Berkaca Pada Pola Pendidikan Islam Masa Rasulullah saw)“. Thariqah Ilmiah: Jurnal ilmu-ilmu kependidikan dan Bahasa Arab 6, Nr. 2 (29.09.2020): 74–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/thariqahilmiah.v6i2.2807.
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Near to say that nothing party doubting of, and surely to deny that education is represent the very required case by human being. Education cause represent one of factor which very strategic position and very role of signifikan in the effort develop;building civilization of human being to the prosperity live, either through individually and also by kolektiv. strive in order to finding ideal format of education, efficient and effective, ever non-stoped to be onducted by various party which have competence. But in the middle of effort of various the party, is not rarely happened the polemic which often have implication to project unload the tide and patchwork model the itself education. Islam Education that executed at Rasulullah saw era, representing ideal Islam education format, because have been practiced direct by the byword guided by Allah swt, have to be non-stoped learned the, guidance and developed by Islam people during the time to avoid the polemic of Islam education non-stoped endless
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Glanville, Luke. „Hypocritical Inhospitality: The Global Refugee Crisis in the Light of History“. Ethics & International Affairs 34, Nr. 1 (2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679420000015.
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AbstractOne of the justifications offered by European imperial powers for the violent conquest, subjection, and, often, slaughter of indigenous peoples in past centuries was those peoples’ violation of a duty of hospitality. Today, many of these same powers—including European Union member states and former settler colonies such as the United States and Australia—take increasingly extreme measures to avoid granting hospitality to refugees and asylum seekers. Put plainly, whereas the powerful once demanded hospitality from the vulnerable, they now deny it to them. This essay examines this hypocritical inhospitality of former centers of empire and former settler colonies and concludes that, given that certain states accrued vast wealth and territory from the European colonial project, which they justified in part by appeals to a duty of hospitality, these states are bound now to extend hospitality to vulnerable outsiders not simply as a matter of charity, but as justice and restitution for grave historical wrongs.
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Guyette, Frederick. „Jonathan Edwards, The Ethics of Virtue and Public Theology“. International Journal of Public Theology 4, Nr. 2 (2010): 158–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973210x491877.
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AbstractIn The Nature of True Virtue, Jonathan Edwards does not deny that common morality is important; benevolence, beauty, conscience, justice, love for family and country are all threads in the fabric of a common morality. Without love for God as their chief end, however, the ‘virtues’ of common morality do not rise to the level of true virtue. This incommensurability can be problematic for Christian ethics in the public square. Edwards understood his project within the horizon of a commonwealth founded on Christian faith, but modern liberal democracies envision a different relationship between religious discourse and public life. In these contexts, so different from Edwards’ setting, pluralism and tolerance are among the keys to a peaceful pursuit of the common good. With these differences in view, then, I explore what contribution Edwards’ work on virtue might make to the practice of public theology in the areas of environmental ethics, bioethics and immigration policy.
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Sykes, Patricia Lee. „Death and the Statesman: The Culture and Psychology of U.S. Leaders During War. By Joseph B. Underhill-Cady. New York: Palgrave, 2001. 256p. $39.95.“ American Political Science Review 96, Nr. 4 (Dezember 2002): 836–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055402610469.
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Death and the Statesman appeared in print one month after the terrorist attacks on September 11, and the timing of its publication alone might attract a wide audience. The book deals with a significant subject of immediate interest to scholars and citizens alike—namely, what drives political leaders as they decide when and how to conduct war. Joseph Underhill-Cady argues that members of the foreign policymaking elite remain preoccupied with their own mortality. He suggests how their metaphors and rituals reveal their persistent fear and high anxiety about death, and he shows how their decisions to go to war can be read to reflect this preoccupation. For the foreign policy elite, the conduct of war constitutes an “immortality project.” According to the author, “As the elite sought to overcome their physical limitations, they likewise attempted to ensure the nation's transcendence of its mortal bounds” (p. 10). Underhill-Cady notes the gender-specific nature of foreign policymaking (p. 45). Macho men deny the inevitability of their own deaths and suppress their emotions, while they labor to ensure that the nation shall long endure. He traces the roots of their immortality projects to the Christian tradition: Man has fallen, but he can achieve salvation and thereby gain eternal life (pp. 52–55). The author renders a plausible, thought-provoking argument, although the evidence he produces could be more convincing.
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Almeida, José, Bruno Matias, António Ferreira, Carlos Almeida, Alfredo Martins und Eduardo Silva. „Underwater Localization System Combining iUSBL with Dynamic SBL in ¡VAMOS! Trials“. Sensors 20, Nr. 17 (20.08.2020): 4710. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174710.
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Emerging opportunities in the exploration of inland water bodies, such as underwater mining of flooded open pit mines, require accurate real-time positioning of multiple underwater assets. In the mining operation scenarios, operational requirements deny the application of standard acoustic positioning techniques, posing additional challenges to the localization problem. This paper presents a novel underwater localization solution, implemented for the ¡VAMOS! project, based on the combination of raw measurements from a short baseline (SBL) array and an inverted ultrashort baseline (iUSBL). An extended Kalman filter (EKF), fusing IMU raw measurements, pressure observations, SBL ranges, and USBL directional angles, estimates the localization of an underwater mining vehicle in 6DOF. Sensor bias and the speed of sound in the water are estimated indirectly by the filter. Moreover, in order to discard acoustic outliers, due to multipath reflections in such a confined and cluttered space, a data association layer and a dynamic SBL master selection heuristic were implemented. To demonstrate the advantage of this new technique, results obtained in the field, during the ¡VAMOS! underwater mining field trials, are presented and discussed.
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Tarkowska, Elzbieta. „Intra-household gender inequality: hidden dimensions of poverty among Polish women“. Communist and Post-Communist Studies 35, Nr. 4 (01.12.1997): 411–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0967-067x(02)00028-4.
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This paper challenges recent findings from quantitative studies of poverty in post-communist countries which deny the existence of gender differences in poverty in post 1989 Poland. The author uncovers hidden forms of the feminization of poverty by studying it from the micro-perspective of the family and the household. This perspective highlights gender differences in the division of labor, leisure time, as well as the fact that it is women’s primary responsibility to secure the basic needs of the family. This study presents strong evidence for a variety of ways in which men and women experience and endure poverty differently in an impoverished area in Poland, a fact which is associated with the role of culture, history and tradition in shaping gendered patterns of reaction towards poverty and hardship. The paper is based on the content analysis of in-depth interviews collected during a field research conducted within the project “Old and new forms of poverty in Poland” (1997–1998) and “Poverty, Ethnicity, and Gender inTransitional Societies (1999–2000).
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Encung, Encung. „Tradisi dan Modernitas Perspektif Seyyed Hossein Nasr“. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf dan Pemikiran Islam 2, Nr. 1 (16.10.2015): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2012.2.1.201-217.
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<p>This article is intended to scrutinize Seyyed Hosssein Nasr’s thought about the negative dimensions of modernity and put it into the problems of the world where the idea of materialism ends due to greed of modern people. Nasr’s aim is actually to save humanity from destructive elements of modernity due to the idea of materialism, although the traditional-ism project that he proposed has still looked for a momentum within human consciousness and that is not to neglect the sacred matter in under-standing their world. In a reflection of his traditionalism, Nasr presupposes the creation of a progressive world presented with self-awareness to the existence of the Absolute and the Infallible. Nasr believes that modern people could live with their idea of perennial philosophy that connects everything in this world into the realm of the sacred. Benefits of modernity, according to Nasr, will be tarnished if people deny every sacred matter.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p>
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Burrows, Lisette, Jan Wright und Justine Jungersen-Smith. „“Measure Your Belly.” New Zealand Children’s Constructions of Health and Fitness“. Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 22, Nr. 1 (Oktober 2002): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.22.1.39.
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The expansion of health as a concept, repeated expressions of nationwide concerns about young people’s health, and the accompanying information explosion about health and fitness have worked together to support versions of physical education that explicitly address health issues. The conflation of health with physical education, however, is not without problems. This paper explores some consequences of the relationship between health, fitness, and physical activity through an examination of students’ responses to questions relating to health and fitness in the New Zealand National Education Monitoring Project. The children responding to the NEMP tasks were very familiar with the relationship between physical activity, fitness, and health. While this seems to point to the efficacy of physical and health education programs, the ways in which these children seem to have accepted this relationship with a great deal of certainty does not necessarily contribute to their health and well-being but rather suggests an acceptance of discourses that are associated with guilt, the self-monitoring of the body, and which seem to deny the pleasure that can be associated with physical activity.
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Mosquera Valderrama, Irma Johanna. „BEPS principal purpose test and customary international law“. Leiden Journal of International Law 33, Nr. 3 (27.05.2020): 745–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156520000278.
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AbstractThe overall aim of this article is to analyse the principal purpose test as an emerging rule of customary international tax law. By means of the principal purpose test, the tax administration can deny the tax treaty benefit if one of the principal purposes of the action undertaken by the taxpayer was to obtain a benefit. This principal purpose test has been developed by the OECD with the political support of the G20 as one of the actions to tackle Base Erosion and Profit Shifting by multinationals (BEPS Project). At the time of writing, 137 jurisdictions including non-OECD, non-G-20 countries have committed to the implementation of the principal purpose test in their current and future tax treaties. Based on the analysis of the objective element (state practice) and subjective element (accepted as law), there are indications that this principal purpose test can emerge as a principle of customary international law. In the past, international tax law scholars addressed the customary international law regarding the OECD/UN tax treaty Models, the OECD Harmful Tax Practices, and the arm’s length principle. However, current international tax developments, including the BEPS Project, call for an analysis of the main elements of customary international law in respect of the principal purpose test, a general anti-avoidance rule that by its own nature, is often general, vague, and imprecise. Therefore, the findings of this article can be useful for generating new areas of research by international public law, international law, and international tax law experts.
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Yost, F. G. „Federal Regulations Create New Challenges in Materials Science“. MRS Bulletin 18, Nr. 3 (März 1993): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400043827.
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Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations is a compendium of rules pertaining to environmental protection, written primarily by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These environmental regulations stand some 19 inches wide on a library shelf and are enclosed by 15 volumes of everchanging information. Each of these volumes contains amendments made to the rules since the last publication of that volume, so the effective dates of new regulations can be difficult to ascertain. Interpreting certain regulations has been difficult for many, the cost of complying with them high, and the eventual impact on the national economy foreseen as gloomy. Few, however, would deny the benefits of a well-planned environmental protection plan and few would sympathize with private corporations that flagrantly ignore regulations, pollute their local environment and, when identified, sustain heavy fines from the EPA.With problems like acid rain, air and groundwater pollution, global warming, ecological system degradation, municipal, industrial, and nuclear waste (and the federal regulations designed to control them), the need for important materials science research and development is great. These opportunities can be compared in magnitude with those provided by the Manhattan Project, during the 1940s and 1950s, and by the semiconductor revolution in later years. The difference between these past projects and the current situation is the way in which funds are appropriated for the research and how the work is performed. Rather than independently funded research performed by multiple organizations, work on environmental problems is witnessing cooperation among industry, government, academia, and the public, with a consequent savings of research monies. This cooperation is often achieved with a consortium of organizations such as SEMATECH or the National Center for Manufacturing Sciences.
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Sallabank, Julia. „Purism, Variation, Change and ‘Authenticity’: Ideological Challenges to Language Revitalisation“. European Review 26, Nr. 1 (16.11.2017): 164–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798717000400.
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This paper is based on recent research into the small, highly endangered language Giernesiei1(Guernsey, Channel Islands).2Language documentation has found unexpectedly rich variation and change in Giernesiei usage, not all of which can be accounted for by regional and age-related factors. At the same time, our research into language ideologies and efforts to maintain and revitalise Giernesiei has revealed deep-seated purist or ‘traditionalist’ language attitudes that resist and deny language change. This nostalgic view of language and culture can hyper-valorise ‘authentic’ traditions (arguably reinvented3) and can lead to reluctance to share Giernesiei effectively with younger generations who might ‘change the language’, despite an overt desire to maintain it. This mismatch between ideologies and practices can be seen at language festivals, in lessons for children, and in the experiences of adult learners who were interviewed as part of a British Academy-funded project. I present a taxonomy of reactions to variation in Giernesiei, which confirms and extends the findings of Jaffe4in Corsica. I also discuss recent revitalisation efforts that try to bring together older and ‘new’ speakers and promote the role of adult learners and ‘re-activate’ semi-speakers. The findings support the view that full evaluation of language vitality should include documenting the processes and ideologies of language revitalisation.5,6
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ADAMSON, MATTHEW. „Les liaisons dangereuses: resource surveillance, uranium diplomacy and secret French–American collaboration in 1950s Morocco“. British Journal for the History of Science 49, Nr. 1 (13.11.2015): 79–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087415000655.
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AbstractThis study explores the origins and consequences of a unique, secret, French–American collaboration to prospect for uranium in 1950s Morocco. This collaboration permitted mediation between the United States and France. The appearance of France in an American-supported project for raw nuclear materials signalled American willingness to accept a new nuclear global order in which the French assumed a new, higher position as regional nuclear ally as opposed to suspicious rival. This collaboration also permitted France and the United States to agree tacitly to the same geopolitical status for the French Moroccan Protectorate, a status under dispute both in Morocco and outside it. The secret scientific effort reassured the French that, whatever the Americans might say publicly, they stood behind the maintenance of French hegemony in the centuries-old kingdom. But Moroccan independence proved impossible to deny. With its foreseeable arrival, the collaboration went from seductive to dangerous, and the priority of American and French geologists shifted from finding a major uranium lode to making sure that nothing was readily available to whatever post-independence interests might prove most powerful. Ultimately, the Kingdom of Morocco took a page out of the French book, using uranium exploration to assert sovereignty over a different disputed territory, its de facto colony of the Western Sahara.
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Kerfoot, Deborah, und Stephen Whitehead. „‘Boys Own’ Stuff: Masculinity and the Management of Further Education“. Sociological Review 46, Nr. 3 (August 1998): 436–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-954x.00126.
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The connections between men, masculinity and management remain understated if not largely concealed, despite a critical spotlight being increasingly cast on masculinity by many academic and other writers. In a similar vein, numerous commentators on organisation have charted the rise of new organisational forms and structures, and the management practices which flow from them. With few notable exceptions, however these bodies of work deny or downplay the complex linkages and inter connections between masculinity and the activities of management. By drawing on the case of UK further education (FE), and more particularly, the management practices therein, an aim of this article is to draw attention to this inter-relationship of masculinities and men managers. In so doing, we suggest that the term ‘masculine subject’ best exemplifies those men, and women, who seek to invest their sense of being in mas culinist discourses. The empirical basis is taken from research undertaker across a number of FE colleges wherein 24 men managers were interviewed as part of a larger project concerned with the management and regulation of the sector. In exposing the intensified and increasingly uncertain work conditions now typifying the new FE work culture, this article draws attention to practices of oppression and bullying by managers underplayed or overlooked by writers elsewhere.
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Sayer, Kylie. „Denying the Technology: Middle Management Resistance in Business Process Re-Engineering“. Journal of Information Technology 13, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1998): 247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629801300404.
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Business Process Re-engineering (BPR) as a methodology for organizational transformation has been around since the early 1990s. There are however, some serious issues of concern surrounding the success of BPR as a methodology for organizational change. This paper attempts to highlight the issues surrounding the BPR approach to change management that remain implicit within the re-engineering literature. The research presented in this paper specifically investigates BPR in practice and concentrates on the issues of power and control that underlie many of the re-engineering methodologies and how these conflict with the prerequisites of the flattened, empowered workforce that BPR envisions. The research presented here was conducted using the interpretive approach of ethnography to investigate how middle management were able to deny the technology of BPR and disable a change project. In order to maintain their hold on power in the organization they needed to revolt against the technology of re-engineering imposed on them by senior management. In using the clinical metaphor, middle management were able to create a reality around technology that portrayed it almost as a function of biological warfare, denying it being seen as a positive social tool. This paper highlights how they were able to manipulate the technology and turn its power around to reinforce their position and power in the process.
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Ramírez, Carolina Piña, Alejandra Vidales Barriguete, Julián García Muñoz, Mercedes del Río Merino und Patricia del Solar Serrano. „Ecofibers for the Reinforcement of Cement Mortars for Coating Promoting the Circular Economy“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 7 (02.04.2020): 2835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072835.
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Nowadays, nobody can deny that climate change is a reality and that the life cycle of buildings contributes greatly to that reality. Therefore, proposals such as the circular economy must be integrated into the construction sector. This article shows part of the results of a research project whose objective is to introduce circular economy criteria in building materials, seeking new uses for construction and demolition waste from buildings. In particular, this article analyses the possibility of replacing fibres currently used to reinforce cement mortars with recycled fibres. After consulting the bibliography, we can conclude that some studies analyse the behaviour of cement mortars reinforced with different types of fibres, but none has been found that analyses the behaviour of these mortars for the application of continuous coatings. For this purpose, a two-stage experimental plan is designed to test cement mortar samples with different types of fibres, recycled fibres and commercial fibres, taking into consideration the characteristics that these mortars have to comply to be applied as continuous coatings. Moreover, a detailed study about the porosity of these mortars and its influence on how the mortars behave with regard to compression, water vapour permeability and impermeability has been conducted. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the mortars containing recycled fibres have very similar resistance, absorption and permeability values to those containing commercial fibres, so that they might be suitable for application as external coatings.
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Dubrovsky, David I. „On the development of Russian civilization. Patriotism and liberalism“. Civilization studies review 3, Nr. 1 (2021): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/2713-1483-2021-3-1-232-240.
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Some topical issues of the development of the Russian civilization is discussed in the article. The author emphasizes the inconsistency of the positions of those authors who deny the originality of Russian civilization, argue about the “under-civilization” of Russia and argue that Western civilization should serve as a model for it. This position is shared by a number of our domestic philosophers and cultural figures. Among them a prominent role plays A.V. Rubtsov. In his numerous publications, he sees in the “political infantilism” of voters “a regression of Russian public consciousness”, and explains this with the concept of “narcissism” proposed by him. In contrast to Rubtsovʼs destructive position, the author defends the patriotic position, which presupposes a constructive approach to solving the fundamental problems of the development of Russian civilization. The ideals of service and devotion to the Motherland have always occupied a high place in Russian culture and social activities. The patriotism of the Soviet people was one of the decisive factors in the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. This kind of deep value structure of social consciousness is ineradicable, it still exists in one degree or another in the popular consciousness and serves as an important factor in creative activity. The paramount importance of the sustainable development of Russia in the context of the growing global crisis of earthly civilization is emphasized. This question should take an important place in the development of the project of Russian civilizational development.
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Baark, Sigurd. „Anselm: Platonism, language and truth in Proslogion“. Scottish Journal of Theology 63, Nr. 4 (03.09.2010): 379–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0036930610000475.
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AbstractWhen the Proslogion is read from within the context of Anselm's De Veritate it seems that Anselm's project is firmly based on theological premises. Anselm works with a two-fold conception of truth. Truth is first of all a quality inherent in the statement itself. It is the correctness (rectitudo) of the statement. Second, truth is the correspondence with the extra-linguistic reality. This second level of truth is accidental to the statement. What provides the link between extra-linguistic reality and the statement is the Word of God, which is the level of true reference, where original statements correspond to the original will of God in the creation. When Plato asks what true knowledge is in the Theatetus, the final answer seems to be that what is needed is a statement which carries its own truth as a certainty of Being and Unity within itself. However, no such statement is presented in the dialogue. The name of God in the Proslogion is such a statement which carries its own truth as a certainty of Being and Unity within itself, in that on the first level of truth (rectituto) it is impossible to deny. As the statement concerns the Being of God and cannot be denied it necessarily overflows into the second level of truth which is correspondence with extra-linguistic reality. Therefore, this article argues that Anselm develops a statement which fulfils the criterion of true knowledge presented in the Theatetus. He manages to do this from the position of faith, which includes a strict theological rationality.
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Berger, Harris M. „Death metal tonality and the act of listening“. Popular Music 18, Nr. 2 (Mai 1999): 161–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261143000009028.
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In recent years popular music scholars have paid increasing attention to musical sound. From Robert Walser's landmark work on heavy metal (1993), to Alan Moore's important analysis of rock style periods (1993), to a number of shorter studies (Whiteley 1990; Josephson 1992; Bowman 1995; Ford 1995; Hawkins 1996; Edström 1996), more and more scholars have recognised that all levels of scholarly focus must be pursued if we are to gain purchase on the phenomena of popular music. With no exceptions of which I am aware, all the popular music scholars concerned specifically with musical sound seek to explore the connections between sound and its social contexts. My goal here is to show how attention to musical perception can forward this project and to argue that perception is best understood as a kind of social practice. The act of perception constitutes musical forms and musical meanings in experience. The act of perception is where the rubber of sound meets the road of social life, and by treating perception as a practice we can draw more intimate connections between songs and subjects, sound and society, than would be possible if we were to start from musical structures and then search for linkages to social context. None of this, of course, is to deny the value of studies focused on musical structures, performance events, broad social contexts or large-scale social history, but to argue that the constitution of musical perception by musicians and listeners deserves greater attention and to suggest how this kind of scrutiny might serve the larger aims of popular music studies.
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Katz, Stephen. „TECHNOLOGY AND AGING FUTURES: DISCOVERING THE CONSUMER ELECTRONICS SHOW (CES) 2019“. Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.081.
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Abstract The growing field of technology and aging or gerontechnology has largely been considered from a health perspective on technological intervention to ameliorate conditions of isolation, disconnection, inactivity, and loneliness, as well as provide efficient alert systems, transportation coordination, and emergency services. Contesting the image of a ‘digital divide’ separating younger from older generations, the recreational industry has also produced a seniors market of technological games, toys, apps, exercises, and social media. The four papers in this symposium, however, are individual critical reflections by a group of social scientists who visited the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in January 2019 (Las Vegas) as part of an ethnographic project about the politics of the technical turn in gerontological studies. In particular, the authors gathered evidence from the CES to support their interests in four trends: a) The collecting, aggregating, and sharing of personal data by home surveillance, artificial intelligence monitoring, and self-tracking systems for commercial, insurance and work-place purposes, b) The popularization of healthy lifestyles based on technical and exclusionary models of ‘smart’, ‘fit’, and ‘optimal’ standards, c) The technical rhetoric that infuses designs for efficiency, speed, and convenience with anti-aging and ageist ideologies, d) The challenges to older people to manage their lives against the health risks, interventions, and expectations posed by technology-driven austerity programs. The papers have in common their creative interpretations of CES materials and shared concern about the many older groups whose insufficient access, skill, and resources will deny them participation in the technological imaginary of aging futures.
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Parvathy, Parvathy B. „Challenging Misogyny on and off the Pitch: Analysis of Selected Sports Movies“. Middle Eastern Journal of Research in Education and Social Sciences 1, Nr. 1 (30.08.2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.47631/mejress.v1i1.10.
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Purpose: The present study is an attempt to analyze selected sports movies with reference to discrimination and misogyny against sportswomen. The aim is to explore how Indian sportswomen face misogyny and discrimination in sport institutions and society at large. Approach/Methodology/Design: The study is based on thematic analysis to destabilize the notion that sports are the sole realm of men alone. Feminist film theory is also used in the analysis of the movies. Two movies were selected; Chak de! India (2007) and Dil bole Hadippa! (2009). Findings: The results of the analysis indicate that these movies despite having their own drawbacks exhort that society cannot deny women equal rights of participation and opportunity in sports. Both of the movies project their protagonists struggling to achieve success in sports. It is revealed that despite the progress that has been achieved in sports, misogyny is deep-rooted in sport institutions. Practical Implications: The paper throws light on various types of barriers, socio-cultural, biological and psychological, which women players have to cross, in addition to dealing with a bizarre and weird kind of treatment which their male counterparts do not normally confront. It depicts how family pressures and restrictions, cultural inhibitions, lack of support and biased attitude of society can ultimately thwart the ambitions of women players. Originality/value: The paper suggests that sports can be used as an effective tool for women empowerment. As part of the feminist inquiry, the attempt here is to expose the inequalities and discrimination against sportswomen.
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Muslih, Mohammad. „Rekonstruksi Metodologi Pengembangan Sains Berbasis Agama“. KALAM 11, Nr. 2 (31.12.2017): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/klm.v11i2.1795.
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The development of an integrative scientific paradigm is certainly a very large scientific project, however, it must be admitted that the success of reconstructing the new paradigm is still insufficient, as it must be supported by the availability of a functional and effective methodology. This article is a study aimed at offering a methodology for integrative paradigm-based science development, which is not only functional and effective, but also ensures productivity, as well as secure from the pseudo-scientific of abusive practices and the excessive practice of ideological science. The reconstruction of a methodology of religious-based science development urged to do, on the one hand, to provide an answer to the doubt about its compatibility with the Islamic sciences, and on the other hand deny the fear of the disappearance of Islamic values, precisely with the continued execution of scientific research, or the development of scientific reason, in general.Pembangunan paradigma ilmiah integratif sudah tentu merupakan proyek keilmuan yang sangat besar, meski demikian, harus diakui, keberhasilan melakukan rekonstruksi paradigma baru itu masih belum cukup, sebab masih harus didukung oleh tersedianya metodologi yang fungsional dan efektif. Artikel ini merupakan kajian bermaksud menawarkan metodologi pengembangan sains berbasis paradigma integratif, yang tidak hanya fungsional dan efektif, tetapi juga menjamin produktivitas, sekaligus aman dari jeratan praktek kasar pseudosaintifik dan praktek berlebihan sains ideologis. Rekonstruksi metodologi pengembangan ilmu berbasis agama mendesak untuk dilakukan, di satu sisi untuk memberi jawaban atas keraguan akan kompetabilitasnya dengan ilmu-ilmu keislaman, dan pada sisi yang lain membantah kekhawatiran akan hilangnya atau terkikisnya nilai-nilai keislaman, justru dengan semakin dijalankannya riset-riset ilmiah, atau dikembangkannya nalar ilmiah secara umum
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Bolotova, Elena V. „About an Honorary Citizen and Happy Mother: The Evolution of the Image of Soviet Woman in the 1930s“. Observatory of Culture 16, Nr. 3 (19.07.2019): 300–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2019-16-3-300-309.
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The images constructed in the Soviet period occupy a special place in contemporary Russian culture. Our culture retains links with them whether they continue to exist or attempts are made to deny or overcome them. The article is devoted to the formation of the concept of “Soviet man”, which is often interpreted in a generalized sense in modern Humanities. The novelty of the research is that it focuses on the image of “Soviet woman”, a gender stereotype introduced by all power of propaganda machine. The work recorded the enrichment of the “working woman” image with new meanings of “socially active mother”, which appeared in the 1930s. According to the author, this change of the power discourse is based on the implementation of the “social motherhood” project. As a result, the constructed image of the woman “liberated from domestic slavery and working socially active mother” became a model and broadcasted by propaganda during the next two decades. In fact, “liberation and equality” declared in the 1920s turned into excuse of the double burden. Remaining a shock worker and social activist, she should comply with ideal of a healthy mother with a healthy child. This is how the ideal Soviet woman appeared, who does everything and is able to do everything, achieves everything herself and actively realizes the opportunities provided by the Soviet power.The sources of the study were articles, letters, reports and illustrations published in 1930—1935 in the magazine “Rabotnitsa”, issued by the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of the Bolsheviks. The author chose this magazine because it had a targeted gender audience, a considerable circulation (about 350,000 copies) and was published three times a month.
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Pamerleau, William. „Bad Faith in Film Spectatorship“. Film-Philosophy 24, Nr. 2 (Juni 2020): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/film.2020.0135.
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This article seeks to develop an under-appreciated aspect of spectator activity: the way in which viewers make use of film to enter or sustain a project of bad faith. Based on Jean-Paul Sartre's account of bad faith in Being and Nothingness (1943), the article explains the aspects of bad faith that are pertinent to viewer activity, then explores the way viewers can make use of filmic depictions to facilitate self-denial. For example, spectators may emphasize the fact that persons are depicted in narrow terms as corroboration for their belief that human nature is just as its depicted, thereby denying that we have the freedom to be otherwise. Or spectators may deny the relevance of problematic aspects of themselves when they find it depicted in characters who are admirable in other ways. I then consider whether films themselves can be described as being in bad faith. While technically they cannot, I identify ways that a film may encourage or discourage bad faith in viewers. I also examine how the immersive aspect of film enables viewers to turn attention away from themselves while they engage in self-denial. The case for this approach to viewer activity and film analysis is supplemented by a distinction between traits that do apply to film, e.g., being racist, sexist, or homophobic, and the resources it gives persons to be in bad faith about these social attitudes. I argue that a film can have traits like these while not encouraging bad faith and vice versa, demonstrating the unique perspective offered by approaching film and spectator activity in terms of bad faith.
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Stanley, Brian. „Mission and Human Identity in the Light of Edinburgh 1910“. Mission Studies 26, Nr. 1 (2009): 80–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157338309x442317.
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AbstractChristian theology makes two bold claims relevant to the theme of reconciliation and human identity: first, that the propagation of the gospel of Christ offers the best prospect for reconciliation between human persons; and second, that human beings find their identity most completely by being "in Christ". These two claims are, however, hotly disputed. Both non-Christian writers (such as Jonathan Sacks) and Christian ones (such as S.J. Samartha) regard the Christian missionary project of conversion as a denial of the "dignity of difference", and hence as a serious obstacle to human reconciliation. The second claim is also subject to challenge, not least because of historical evidence from European encounters with the successive New Worlds of the Americas and the South Pacific that Christians have used it to deny that indigenous peoples beyond Christendom deserve to be treated as fully human. Nevertheless, both claims may still be defended by Christians. The Christian idea of reconciliation is distinctive, based on the idea of exchange and the prior initiative of unmerited forgiveness which is at the heart of the doctrine of the atonement. As with the atonement itself, it does not ignore the demands of justice. The experience of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa offers one example of how a distinctively Christian approach to reconciliation can work politically. Equally, the second claim that humanity finds its true identity in Christ is rightly understood as an affirmation that the several (and developing) identities of different cultures all have a crucial contribution to make to the catholicity of the Christian faith: this perception was expounded at the World Missionary Conference at Edinburgh in 1910 by Bishop Charles Gore.
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Kasbarian, John Antranig. „Mapping Edward Said: Geography, Identity, and the Politics of Location“. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 14, Nr. 5 (Oktober 1996): 529–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/d140529.
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The recent postmodern turn and concomitant reconceptualization of space in social theory have encouraged numerous investigators, cultural theorists especially, to augment, even to replace, material with metaphorical space; one whereby ‘geographical imaginations’ play constitutive roles in space-society relationships. A leading contributor has been Edward Said, who aims at refashioning spatial sensibilities not only in traditional ‘geographic’ terms but in a broader epistemological sense. Committed to transgressing established borders, Said invites us to imagine new topographies, in which units heretofore deemed separate—cultures, professions, realms of experience—become inescapably hybrid and interpenetrating. At the same time, Said's geography can be as opaque as it is suggestive—betraying an eclectic form often left unstituatrd vis-à-vis material practices. I invoke Aijaz Ahmad's work to situate Said's, tracing its affiliations to his trajectories as diasporan intellectual, Palestinian activist, and disciple of European High Philology. Ahmad thereby renders a portrait which is both enabling and self-cancelling, in which Said's generosity, complexity—and untenability—inhere from an unwillingness to vacate any spaces he has occupied; seeking instead to span often irreconcilable positions. Ahmad's stringency, however, fails to acknowledge possibilities inherent in Said's eclecticism; particularly the commitment to build bridges, oppose orthodox rigidities, and gain enrichment from that which one opposes. In this light, I invoke David Harvey's work as emblematic of a growing oeuvre that does not deny postmodernism its radical potential, but instead situates it within a revamped materialism designed to reconnect the Left. Harvey's work represents a serious—though not unproblematic—attempt to rework modernity, viewed here as an unfinished project capable of galvanizing new and varied energies.
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Sarzhanova, G., A. Toleuzhan und S. Turbaeva. „Effectiveness of the use of open educational resources in the development of students’ foreign language speech skills“. Bulletin of the Karaganda University. Pedagogy series 102, Nr. 2 (29.06.2021): 164–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2021ped2/164-170.
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The article discusses the importance of using open educational resources (OER) and the need to use the technology for the development of speaking skills in the foreign language as well. The concept of OER first emerged in the 1990s and Open Educational Resources Movement announced in 2001 that MIT's entire course catalog was being put online and the project was going to be launched at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2002. This technology has a number of advantages. For example, the use of OER provides free access to textbooks, allows maximizing time efficiently, increases the interest and motivation of students and helps teachers transform classes. However, it is difficult to deny the existence of some problems regarding OER. The main disadvantages include the quality of the educational resource and the lack of Internet access in all regions of the world. But shortcomings are a ‘temporary issue’ and in the future OER will be adapted in all countries of the world to a greater extent. It will be productive to develop foreign language speech skills using OER, since it allows students to acquire new knowledge more quickly and effectively. The developments of such skills will undoubtedly occurre directly as a result of the continuing use of various authentic materials and the frequent use of these materials by foreign language teachers in the classes is a topical issue. As a result, teachers may encounter problems related to lack of suitable language teaching materials. An important condition for solving the problem is the use of OER, which helps the teacher to develop students’ required skills in the learning process.
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Osborne, Sam, und John Guenther. „Red Dirt Thinking on Power, Pedagogy and Paradigms: Reframing the Dialogue in Remote Education“. Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 42, Nr. 2 (Dezember 2013): 111–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jie.2013.19.
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Recent debates in Australia, largely led by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Island academics over the past 5 or so years, have focused on the need for non-Indigenous educators to understand how their practices not only demonstrate lack of understanding of Indigenous ways of knowing, being and doing, but even deny their presence. This debate has serious implications for the non-Indigenous remote educator who wishes to support remote students to achieve ‘success’ through their education. The debates on the one hand advocate the decolonising of knowledge, pedagogy and research methods in order to promote more just or equal approaches to research and education, while other voices continue to advocate the pursuit of mainstream dominant Western ‘outcomes’ as the preferred goal for Indigenous students across Australia. This dilemma frames the context for this study. The Remote Education Systems Project, in the Cooperative Research Centre for Remote Economic Participation, seeks to explore these and other questions as part of the broader research agenda being undertaken. This project is particularly focused on large-scale questions such as: ‘What is a remote education for and what would ‘success’ look like in the remote education context?’ We are approaching these research questions from community standpoints and perspectives as a critical starting point for these types of debates and discussions. In doing so, our findings indicate that remote Aboriginal community members have a strong sense of western education and its power to equip young people with critical skills, knowledge and understandings for the future, but also a strong sense of retaining of their ‘own’ knowledge, skills and understanding. This presents a complex challenge for educators who are new to this knowledge interface. Here, we offer the concept of ‘Red Dirt Thinking’ as a new way to position ourselves and engage in situated dialogue about what remote schooling might be if it took into account power issues around Indigenous knowledges in the current policy context. This article questions whether remote communities, schools and systems have, in fact, taken account of the knowledge/power debates that have taken place at an academic level and considers how remote education might consider the implications of stepping outside the ‘Western–Indigenous binary’. It seeks to propose new paradigms that non-Indigenous educators may need to engage in order to de-limit the repositioning of power-laden knowledge and pedagogies offered in remote classrooms.