Thematische Bibliographien / Democracy value

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Democracy value“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 24. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 8. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Democracy value"

Przeworski, Adam. „FREEDOM TO CHOOSE AND DEMOCRACY“. Economics and Philosophy 19, Nr. 2 (Oktober 2003): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266267103001159.

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Should democracts value the freedom to choose? Do people value facing distinct choices when they make collective decisions? ‘Autonomy’ – the ability to participate in the making of collective decisions – is a paltry notion of freedom. True, democrats must be prepared that their preferences may not be realized as the outcome of the collective choice. Yet democracy is impoverished when many people cannot even vote for what they most want.‘The point is not to be free, but to act freely.’ Rosa Luxemburg

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Kölln, Ann-Kristin. „The value of political parties to representative democracy“. European Political Science Review 7, Nr. 4 (03.12.2014): 593–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755773914000344.

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Political parties play a major role in democratic processes around the world. Recent empirical research suggests that parties are increasingly less important to citizens. Simultaneously, classic and contemporary theories of representative democracy specifically still minimally incorporate accounts of party benefit. This article attempts to reconcile normative political theory on democratic representation with party politics literature. It evaluates party democracy’s value in comparison with its next best theoretical alternative – pluralist democracy with individual representatives – along two different paths. It argues that parties are not flawless, but party democracy is preferable over pluralist democracy. Parties increase predictability and the transparency of policy outcomes. This, in turn, facilitates better accountability between voters and their representatives. In addition, parties save politics from becoming a dispersed and even possibly a contradictory set of actions.

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Galston, William A. „Democracy and Value Pluralism“. Social Philosophy and Policy 17, Nr. 1 (2000): 255–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0265052500002612.

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My intention in this essay is to open up a question I cannot fully resolve: the relationship between democracy and value pluralism. By “value pluralism” I mean the view propounded so memorably by the late Isaiah Berlin and developed in various ways by thinkers including Stuart Hampshire, Steven Lukes, Thomas Nagel, Martha Nussbaum, Michael Stocker, Bernard Williams, Charles Taylor, John Kekes, and John Gray, among others. I shall define and discuss this view in some detail in Section III. For now, suffice it to say that value pluralism is the view that what we (rightly) value in our lives turns out to be multiple, heterogeneous, not reducible to a common measure, and not hierarchically ordered with a single dominant value or set of values binding on all persons in all circumstances. I use the phrase “value pluralism” rather than “moral pluralism” to indicate that this view encompasses nonmoral as well as moral goods.

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Struhl, Karsten J. „Is Democracy a Universal Value?“ Radical Philosophy Today 5 (2007): 3–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/radphiltoday200752.

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James Bohman. „Epistemic Value and Deliberative Democracy“. Good Society 18, Nr. 2 (2009): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/gso.0.0079.

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Sen, Amartya Kumar. „Democracy as a Universal Value“. Journal of Democracy 10, Nr. 3 (1999): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jod.1999.0055.

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Brettschneider, Corey. „The value theory of democracy“. Politics, Philosophy & Economics 5, Nr. 3 (Oktober 2006): 259–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470594x06068300.

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Saward, Michael. „Theorizing about Democracy“. Democratic Theory 6, Nr. 2 (01.12.2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/dt.2019.060202.

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How can we theorize about democracy? We can identify the major topics that form the focus of democratic theorists (and others traversing the field), such as democracy’s meaning and value. This article focuses on the methodological lenses through which the topics have been and can be viewed. Different lenses bring into focus different phenomena, questions, and problems of democracy. It is argued that the lenses that bring conventional democratic theory approaches into view can provide an unnecessarily narrow and restrictive perspective. Donning different methodological lenses can introduce alternative perspectives, such as renewed attention to value pluralism and the “everyday.” The article sketches four “circles” that capture different potential types of and sources for theoretical work, some of them radically unconventional. It concludes by discussing the specific example of how methods and assumptions of design theory can prompt promising new approaches to theorizing about democracy.

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Southwood, Nicholas. „Democracy as a Modally Demanding Value“. Noûs 49, Nr. 3 (15.04.2013): 504–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nous.12021.

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박태현. „Environmental Value, Democracy, and Judicial Review“. Democratic Legal Studies ll, Nr. 50 (November 2012): 445–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.15756/dls.2012..50.445.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Democracy value"

Nickens, Bradley Harrison. „Postmaterialism and Democracy: What Does the Postmaterialist Value Shift Mean for Democracy?“ Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9913.

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This thesis explores the possible impact of a postmaterialist value shift on the future of democracy in advanced industrial democratic countries. Research over the past few decades has questioned the responsiveness of representative democratic institutions in advanced industrial democracies to individual and communal needs in society. Radical democratic theorists have called for direct action, structural reform, and other social and political changes to make democracy "stronger." Increased education levels brought on by continued economic and physical security in advanced industrial societies has led to a change in the ability of citizens to access the political process. How the relationship between the citizen and the state is altered as a result of continued prosperity is a primary motivation for this research. Working with World Values Survey data, I examine individual and societal level relationships between postmaterial values and direct political participation and acceptance of participatory values. Empirical evidence supports the hypotheses that postmaterial values are positively associated with direct political participation and as the level of Postmaterialists increases in a given society the level of participatory behavior and acceptance of participatory values will also increase. Substantive analysis suggests that increase in the level of postmaterialism in a country will lead to increases in alternative political activity and other forms of direct participation.
Master of Arts

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Eastling, Kyla L. „Education as Democratic Persuasion: Addressing Systemic Inequalities in Brettschneider's Value Democracy“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1726.

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In Corey Brettschneider’s book, Democratic Rights: The Substance of Self- Government, he builds the value theory of democracy wherein procedural and substantive rights are both grounded in the core values of democracy. In his second book, When the State Speaks, What Should It Say? How Democracies Can Protect Expression and Promote Equality, Brettschneider elaborates on his theory to provide an account of how a liberal democracy can address hateful and discriminatory views. In response to both theories, critics have charged that the ideal value democracy does not sufficiently account for systemic inequalities that women and black citizens face. In this paper, I will elaborate on his theory of democratic education and argue that this necessary development can address these critics’ concerns.

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Pires, Manoel da Nave. „Teoria democrática de Hans Kelsen: uma democracia procedimental valorativa“. Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8131/tde-10042017-120519/.

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A dissertação contesta a tese de que a visão de Hans Kelsen sobre a democracia é meramente procedimental e visa identificar e esclarecer o conteúdo axiológico presente na teoria. Como estratégia teórica, contextualiza a teoria kelseniana ao lado e em oposição à teoria democrática de Schumpeter, ao mesmo tempo em que delimita suas oposições à teoria clássica baseada em Rousseau. A pesquisa investiga o seu conceito de democracia; a adequação de seus ideais na prática concreta das instituições. Problematiza seus elementos abstratos como relativismo e liberdade, inclusive estendendo a problematização à teoria jurídica kelseniana. Esclarece ainda o conteúdo político expresso na norma jurídica democrática, conformada numa incerteza institucionalizada. Ao final, ao invés de uma teoria formalista, a pesquisa apresenta uma teoria procedimental valorativa derivada de um complexo modelo filosófico, político e jurídico-institucional, construída sob as bases do relativismo e sob os cânones tradicionais de ciência do século XX. Uma democracia caracterizada como governo do povo que ainda se mantém como base para teorias que trabalham com a ideia de um pluralismo político.
The dissertation disputes the thesis that the vision of Hans Kelsen on democracy is purely procedural and aims to identify and clarify the axiological content present in theory. As theoretical strategy, contextualizes the kelsenian theory and in opposition to democratic theory of Schumpeter, while delimiting their oppositions to classical theory based on Rousseau. The research investigates their concept of democracy; the adequacy of his ideals in concrete practice of the institutions. Discusses its abstract elements like relativism and freedom, including extending the questioning legal theory kelsenian. Clarifies political content still expressed in democratic legal standard, formed in an institutionalized uncertainty. At the end, rather than a theory \"formalist\", the research presents a procedural \"evaluative theory\" derived from a complex philosophical, political and legal model-institutional, built under the foundations of relativism and under the traditional canons of 20TH century science. A democracy characterized as \"government of the people\" that still stands as the basis for theories that work with the idea of political pluralism.

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Shannon, Brooke M. „The Value of Deliberative Democratic Practices to Civic Education“. Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1183659204.

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Benson, Jonathan. „An epistemic theory of deliberative democracy“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2019. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/an-epistemic-theory-of-deliberative-democracy(6583716a-470d-4b9e-b80e-44a1e71a4ff7).html.

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Democracy has been encountering an increasing number of critics. Whether it comes from a sympathy for autocrats, free-markets, or the more knowledgeable, this increasing democratic scepticism often takes an epistemic form. Democracy's critics argue that democratic procedures and institutions are unlikely to make good decisions or produce good outcomes in terms of justice or the common good, and should, therefore, be restricted if not completely rejected in favour of its more able alternatives. In the face of such scepticism, this thesis develops an epistemic theory of deliberative democracy. This theory has two principal aims. The first is to analyse and define the epistemic properties of deliberative democracy, and the second is to clarify the possible role epistemic values can play in a wider justification of democratic rule. In accordance with the first, the thesis analyses the ability of deliberative democratic institutions to make good or correct decisions in comparison to a broad range of prominent alternatives. These include traditional rivals such as autocracy and aristocracy, but also more modern and less considered alternatives such as free-markets, limited epistocracy and forms of technical calculation. Through these comparisons, it is argued that we have no good or clear epistemic reason to reject democracy. Deliberative democracy is found to be epistemically superior to many of its alternatives and epistemically equivalent to even its best competitors. The thesis, therefore, mounts a strong reply to democracy's epistemic sceptics. The analysis, however, also helps clarify which form of deliberative democracy is epistemically most valuable, pointing to the value systems approaches which give a prominent role to direct citizen deliberation. The epistemic theory of deliberative democracy also aims to clarify what role epistemic values can play in a wider justification of democratic rule. The thesis argues that deliberative democracy is epistemically superior to many of its rivals and no worse epistemically than even its best alternatives. This suggests that although epistemic values cannot mount a stand-alone defence of democracy, democrats would only be required to defend very weak non-epistemic values to produce a mixed justification. Far from being 'rule by the incompetent many' and therefore highly reliant on procedural values, the thesis will demonstrate that epistemic values can carry significant weight in an argument for democratic rule.

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Crockett, Gareth. „Global value chains and the labour process in South African textile cooperatives : workplace democracy and gender (in)equality“. Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/23108/.

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Worker cooperatives are widely recognised as a promising device for the facilitation of workplace democracy and the promotion of gender equality. However, cooperatives can face the challenge of being socially progressive organisations embedded within capitalist economies, making them vulnerable to influences from the market and the supply chain. Further, the recent rise of global value chains has seemingly intensified commercial and competitive pressures on worker owned firms. This study addresses these concerns by exploring the extent to which South African worker cooperatives promote workplace democracy and gender equality, examining GVCs and worker cooperatives, the impact of emerging market institutions, the implications of a fragmented and gendered labour process, and the increased disintegration of work across supply networks. Findings reveal that the worker-cooperatives had integrated into hybridised networks, comprising a social enterprise and several worker-owned organisations, in response to economic challenges previously inhibiting their access to global value chains. In terms of the labour process, the female-owned cooperatives were responsible for the lowest value aspects of production, with higher value activities retained by the social enterprise. As a result, female workers were forced to endure insecure jobs with limited social protection, while male production workers in the social enterprise experienced much better terms of employment. At the same time, the social enterprise was able to dictate decisions to the worker cooperatives, thereby undermining mechanisms of workplace democracy and undermining the influence of (female) production workers. Therefore, the main contribution of this study is to bring together new institutional theory, GVC analysis and gender in the workplace. It reveals how social enterprises can use their position in a GVC to dictate the labour process in worker cooperatives, fragmenting the gendered labour process and fracturing labour power at the point of production. It also highlights how social enterprises can cause non-congruent isomorphism, emboldening neoliberal assumptions relating to governance and management in worker cooperatives. Ultimately, the overall outcome was social downgrading in the form of limited workplace democracy and gender inequality.

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Bonic, Stephanie Alexis. „Educational value is not private! : defending the concept of public education“. Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/1111.

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The privatization of K-12 education in Canada is not new. The public and private sectors feel like natural elements of the Canadian education system because they have existed side by side since confederation. However, this thesis challenges that tradition and argues that private education undermines collective responsibility for education as a shared, public good by catering to private interests and isolating students from the public realm. Not only does private education reinforce the likelihood of socio-economic stratification, but the concept of a “public good” is increasingly destabilized as social services like education are privatized. Why, then, does the privatization of K-12 education continue to be an insignificant political issue in Canada? This question is particularly pertinent at a time when neoliberalism is in full swing in the United States, and all the time more apparent in Canada. Neoliberalism’s emphasis on the precedence of economic ideals over concerns for social welfare and democratic participation has transformed the way that we understand “value”. Drawing on a broad range of scholars including Charles Taylor, Richard Pildes, Janice Gross Stein, Henry Giroux, Francois-Lyotard and Michel Foucault, this thesis argues that the values involved in the very concept of private education reinforce, and are reinforced by, neoliberal views about the place of the individual within society, and that these values are detrimental to the concern for education as shared, public good.

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Ashmankas, Brian. „A Value Pluralist Approach to Political Ideology: The Six Universal and Conflicting Principles from which our Politics Derive“. Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/2586.

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Thesis advisor: Nasser Behnegar
Political ideology can be described in terms of value pluralist theory. Much of the variation between political ideologies can be explained by the fact that the principles that are essential to society--liberty, equality, fraternity, peace, loyalty, and civilization--are incommensurable and often conflict forcing each person and community to emphasize some principles over others leading to an imperfect society. Each political ideology is a combination of interests and the selected balance of principles and thus can be essentially defined according to the level of preference for each of these six principles. This paper studies major political ideologies throughout the globe and develops a model for understanding them in these terms. This paper further argues for a pluralist democracy, with constantly shifting ideological dominance in a community as the next best thing to an impossible utopia and the only means of preventing the collapse of society due to a lack of essential principles. This model makes clear the fallacy of understanding political ideology in terms of "left" and "right," which not only oversimplify political ideology but also fundamentally misrepresent it. It also leads to narrowing visions of politics that prevent significant changes to a political system and undermine the possibility for pluralist democracy
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2012
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science

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Isaacs, Mogamat Zane. „Exploring government immovable asset management with reference to four selected case studies of closed down schools on the Cape Flats – post 1994 democracy“. University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4202.

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Masters in Public Administration - MPA
Government’s immovable assets are fundamental in achieving its service delivery objectives. If not put to productive uses the welfare of a country, or even its national income, could be reduced significantly. The value for money principle should resonate through effective asset management. “Poor management” of closed school buildings worth millions may be regarded as “financial wastage”. Four case studies reflecting various outcomes of re-use, abandonment and demolition will be reviewed. The application of legislation and policy on government immovable asset management are problematic when schools are closed down. The study focus will be on government immovable asset management and not the reasons for school closures. Literature in this field is very limited. The research findings could add value to the subject field by minimising the chances of a possible repetition of “bad management” of closed schools. Currently in public discourse is the possible closure of 26 schools in the Western Cape. The research could be used as a guiding document for stakeholders, administrators and other research scholars. The research objectives are to formulate a clear understanding on: The Governance of immovable asset management in government; The Responsibility of the different state stakeholders and their interaction on immovable asset management; and The participation of non-state stakeholders. A Qualitative research design is followed. Tools consist of four case studies, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. A literature review and study of applicable legislative and policy documents was done and empirical data analysed. An international best practice model is also discussed. This study has revealed various research findings through the primary and secondary sources collected. Based on these findings specific recommendations are made to the various stakeholders. The wellbeing of all stakeholders and respondents were set above outcomes and objectives that the research could generate.

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Larsson, Jessika. „Hong Kong in Transition : The Hong Kong identity and value change in relation to the pro-democracy protests of 2003-2020“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-432441.

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The importance of protecting democracy and free speech in the world has never been moreparamount than in a time like now, when pro-democracy and independence movements areon the rise and democracy is declining. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the potentialstrengthening of the local identity in Hong Kong in relation to the 21st centurypro-democratic protests and the postmaterialist generation. This will be put in contrast toChina’s more totalitarian way of governing and resistance to democracy. Of which the globalcity of Hong Kong has been a special administrative region (SAR) within the one countrytwo systems design since the 1997. The investigation of the local identity is based on theWorld Value Survey's data set from 2005, 2014 and 2018. The survey data is analysed withstatistical tools of regression analysis, correlation and comparison over time. This study findssome correlation between the postmaterialist values and identity but no correlation betweenthe Hong Kong local identity and the pro-democracy movement. The results further suggest amoderate strengthening of the Hong Kong identity in the form of an increase in inherentpride, which this thesis contends may be induced by the clash of the values imposed bymainland China. This possibility requires further research as the identity of an autonomouspart of a nation, for example Hong Kong, is of importance for civic participation anddemocracy as a whole.

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Bücher zum Thema "Democracy value"

Doorenspleet, Renske. Rethinking the Value of Democracy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Foreign Relations., Hrsg. Democracy: An emerging Asian value : a report to the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1996.

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Patel, Raj. The value of nothing: How to reshape market society and redefine democracy. New York: Picador, 2009.

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Patel, Raj. The value of nothing: How to reshape market society and redefine democracy. New York: Picador, 2009.

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Patel, Raj. The value of nothing: How to reshape market society and redefine democracy. New York: Picador, 2009.

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The value of nothing: How to reshape market society and redefine democracy. New York: Picador, 2009.

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(Germany), Initiative Sozialistisches Forum Freiburg. Der Theoretiker ist der Wert: Eine ideologiekritische Skizze der Wert- und Krisentheorie der Krisis-Gruppe. Freiburg (Breisgau): ça ira-Verlag, 2000.

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Nichols, Geoff. The transformation of local democracy through the process of best value: The experience of pilots in sport and leisure services. Melton Mowbray: Institute of Sport and Recreation Management, 1999.

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Youth and Democracy Workshop (2001 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). Values of democracy and youth. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: Institut Kajian Dasar (IKD) dengan kerjasama Konrad Adenauer Foundation, 2003.

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Jiang, Yihua. Asian values and communitarian democracy. Taipei: PROSEA, Academia Sinica, 2000.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Democracy value"

Doorenspleet, Renske. „Why Democracy?“ In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 1–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_1.

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Doorenspleet, Renske. „Democracy and Corruption“. In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 165–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_5.

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Doorenspleet, Renske. „Democracy and Development“. In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 201–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_6.

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Crowder, George. „Democracy and Compromise“. In The Problem of Value Pluralism, 165–91. New York, NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge innovations in political theory; Volume 75: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315192208-8.

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Frazer, Elizabeth. „The Value of Locality“. In Rethinking Local Democracy, 89–110. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24756-1_5.

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Doorenspleet, Renske. „Democracy and Interstate War“. In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 69–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_3.

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Doorenspleet, Renske. „Democracy and Civil War“. In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 115–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_4.

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Horner, Louise, und Will Hutton. „Public Value, Deliberative Democracy and the Role of Public Managers“. In Public Value, 112–26. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36431-8_6.

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Frič, Pavol. „Residual and Emancipatory Value of Volunteering in the Czech Society“. In Modernizing Democracy, 133–44. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0485-3_11.

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Doorenspleet, Renske. „Conclusion: Rethinking the Value of Democracy“. In Rethinking the Value of Democracy, 237–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91656-9_7.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Democracy value"

Sukma, D., A. Ananda, N. Gistituati und D. Daharnis. „Stimulation Democracy Value Using Just Community Approach for Youth Offender“. In Proceedings of the 2nd Workshop on Multidisciplinary and Applications (WMA) 2018, 24-25 January 2018, Padang, Indonesia. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.24-1-2018.2292404.

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Song, Jufang. „The Value and Perfection of China s Inter-Party Consultative Democracy“. In International Academic Workshop on Social Science (IAW-SC-13). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iaw-sc.2013.243.

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Sulistyarini. „Democracy Value Based Inquiry Model Development to Enrichment Critical Thinking in Civics Education“. In 1st UPI International Conference on Sociology Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icse-15.2016.71.

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Bustan, Mr, und Mr Bahri. „Democracy in The Kingdom of Bugis (Noble Value Study in The Kingdom of Bone Century XVI)“. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-18.2018.225.

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Cullen, Rowena, und Laura Sommer. „Participatory Democracy and the Value of Online Community Networks: An Exploration of Online and Offline Communities Engaged in Civil Society and Political Activity“. In 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2010.301.

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Bahri, Mr, Mr Bustan und Andi Dewi Rian Tati. „Democracy Values on Local History Learning South Sulawesi“. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Social Sciences (ICSS 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icss-18.2018.224.

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Kaye, Jofish. „Session details: Designing for values, democracy & peace“. In CHI '11: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3248982.

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Polischuk, Sergey. „Legal basis of «democracy»“. In Development of legal systems in Russia and foreign countries: problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02061-6-219-227.

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The article examines the main political events that took place in the United States from the controversial election results to the tragic events on Capitol Hill for Trump supporters, which led to human casualties, finally untied the hands of the Democrats and allowed them to bury all the democratic values that America has taught the whole world since the adoption of the US Constitution and the Bill of Rights by the founding fathers of the state.

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Cheng, Shih-Chuan, Adam D. Grieser, Terry D. Clark und John N. Mordeson. „Combination of Democracy Values Using Hooper's Rule Hooper's Rule“. In NAFIPS 2007 - 2007 Annual Meeting of the North American Fuzzy Information Processing Society. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nafips.2007.383830.

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Deseriis, Marco. „Direct Parliamentarianism: An Analysis of the Political Values Embedded in Rousseau, the "Operating System" of the Five STAR Movement“. In 2017 Conference for E-Democracy and Open Government (CeDEM). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cedem.2017.32.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Democracy value"

Burgess, Robin, Remi Jedwab, Edward Miguel, Ameet Morjaria und Gerard Padró Miquel. The Value of Democracy: Evidence from Road Building in Kenya. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19398.

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Fieldsend, Astrid. Evidence and Lessons Learned Regarding the Effect of Equitable Quality Education on ‘Open Society’. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.094.

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The purpose of this review is to assist FCDO in understanding the evidence of impact and any valuable lessons regarding the effect equitable quality education can have on ‘open society’. The search revealed that there is a considerable volume of evidence which focuses on education’s ability to reduce poverty, increase economic growth, boost employability and achieve better health outcomes. There is less which focuses on the aspects of ‘open society’ as defined in this paper. The scope of this review was narrowed to focus upon areas of the ‘open society’ definition where the most evidence does exist, given the timeframe for the review. The scope was narrowed to focus on: democracy, civic engagement, and social cohesion. The review of the literature found strong evidence that equitable quality education can have a range of positive impacts on democracy (specifically, its institutions and processes), civic engagement and social cohesion. There is a considerable body of evidence which indicates that there is a correlation between equitable quality education and benefits to societies (more peaceful, higher levels of trust, greater participation in politics, etc). However, there was no clear evidence that investment in equitable quality education directly leads to positive societal outcomes. This is because there are so many other factors to account for in attempting to prove causation. The lack of rigorous studies which attempt to attribute causation demonstrates a clear evidence gap. It is important to note that education systems themselves are politicised and cannot be divorced from the political process. The extent to which education can impact positively on open society depends a great deal on the value education has within the political system in which it is operating.

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Lenhardt, Amanda. Defining Characteristics of Democracy in the 21st Century. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), März 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.064.

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This report offers a brief overview of the literature on the defining characteristics of democracy in the 21st century. This report seeks to map out a range of conceptual approaches to understanding democracy, evidence on emerging trends in democratisation, and challenges to realising democracy in its varied forms. The report begins with a discussion on definitions of democracy that have emerged in recent decades (Section 2), highlighting a range of qualifiers that are widely used to differentiate and analyse different democratic regime types. Section 3 summarises trends in key indicators of democracy from widely cited observers – The Economist Intelligence Unit and the V-Dem Institute - and recent trends in public opinion towards democracy, according to World Values and Pew Centre surveys. Section 4 gives a very brief overview of three leading challenges to democracy discussed widely in the literature – gender inequality; the role of media and social media; and declining quality of elections, freedom of expression and civic space.

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Glaeser, Edward, Giacomo A. Ponzetto und Jesse Shapiro. Strategic Extremism: Why Republicans and Democrats Divide on Religious Values. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, Oktober 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10835.

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Avis, William. Role of Faith and Belief in Environmental Engagement and Action in MENA Region. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), Mai 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.086.

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This helpdesk report provides a critical review of the literature on the role of faith and religious values in environmental engagement and action. Contemporary studies have examined the relationship between religion and climate change including the ongoing “greening” process of religions. The review focuses on the responses of the Islamic faith in the MENA region to climate-related issues. MENA is considered one of the region’s most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. The rapid review drawing from empirical findings notes that religious organizations have great potential in the protection of the environment. Religious organizations possess resources and infrastructure to positively impact the conversation on climate change. While the review acknowledges the important role that religion plays in environmental engagement, there is still no unified perception of climate change among members of the Islamic faith. There are those who believe that there are other more urgent issues such as radicalism, terrorism, democracy, and human rights. The review notes that the shared challenge of climate change can provide a mechanism to bring together faiths to discuss, share teachings, and agree on common action.

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HEFNER, Robert. IHSAN ETHICS AND POLITICAL REVITALIZATION Appreciating Muqtedar Khan’s Islam and Good Governance. IIIT, Oktober 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.001.20.

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Ours is an age of pervasive political turbulence, and the scale of the challenge requires new thinking on politics as well as public ethics for our world. In Western countries, the specter of Islamophobia, alt-right populism, along with racialized violence has shaken public confidence in long-secure assumptions rooted in democracy, diversity, and citizenship. The tragic denouement of so many of the Arab uprisings together with the ascendance of apocalyptic extremists like Daesh and Boko Haram have caused an even greater sense of alarm in large parts of the Muslim-majority world. It is against this backdrop that M.A. Muqtedar Khan has written a book of breathtaking range and ethical beauty. The author explores the history and sociology of the Muslim world, both classic and contemporary. He does so, however, not merely to chronicle the phases of its development, but to explore just why the message of compassion, mercy, and ethical beauty so prominent in the Quran and Sunna of the Prophet came over time to be displaced by a narrow legalism that emphasized jurisprudence, punishment, and social control. In the modern era, Western Orientalists and Islamists alike have pushed the juridification and interpretive reification of Islamic ethical traditions even further. Each group has asserted that the essence of Islam lies in jurisprudence (fiqh), and both have tended to imagine this legal heritage on the model of Western positive law, according to which law is authorized, codified, and enforced by a leviathan state. “Reification of Shariah and equating of Islam and Shariah has a rather emaciating effect on Islam,” Khan rightly argues. It leads its proponents to overlook “the depth and heights of Islamic faith, mysticism, philosophy or even emotions such as divine love (Muhabba)” (13). As the sociologist of Islamic law, Sami Zubaida, has similarly observed, in all these developments one sees evidence, not of a traditionalist reassertion of Muslim values, but a “triumph of Western models” of religion and state (Zubaida 2003:135). To counteract these impoverishing trends, Khan presents a far-reaching analysis that “seeks to move away from the now failed vision of Islamic states without demanding radical secularization” (2). He does so by positioning himself squarely within the ethical and mystical legacy of the Qur’an and traditions of the Prophet. As the book’s title makes clear, the key to this effort of religious recovery is “the cosmology of Ihsan and the worldview of Al-Tasawwuf, the science of Islamic mysticism” (1-2). For Islamist activists whose models of Islam have more to do with contemporary identity politics than a deep reading of Islamic traditions, Khan’s foregrounding of Ihsan may seem unfamiliar or baffling. But one of the many achievements of this book is the skill with which it plumbs the depth of scripture, classical commentaries, and tasawwuf practices to recover and confirm the ethic that lies at their heart. “The Quran promises that God is with those who do beautiful things,” the author reminds us (Khan 2019:1). The concept of Ihsan appears 191 times in 175 verses in the Quran (110). The concept is given its richest elaboration, Khan explains, in the famous hadith of the Angel Gabriel. This tradition recounts that when Gabriel appeared before the Prophet he asked, “What is Ihsan?” Both Gabriel’s question and the Prophet’s response make clear that Ihsan is an ideal at the center of the Qur’an and Sunna of the Prophet, and that it enjoins “perfection, goodness, to better, to do beautiful things and to do righteous deeds” (3). It is this cosmological ethic that Khan argues must be restored and implemented “to develop a political philosophy … that emphasizes love over law” (2). In its expansive exploration of Islamic ethics and civilization, Khan’s Islam and Good Governance will remind some readers of the late Shahab Ahmed’s remarkable book, What is Islam? The Importance of Being Islamic (Ahmed 2016). Both are works of impressive range and spiritual depth. But whereas Ahmed stood in the humanities wing of Islamic studies, Khan is an intellectual polymath who moves easily across the Islamic sciences, social theory, and comparative politics. He brings the full weight of his effort to conclusion with policy recommendations for how “to combine Sufism with political theory” (6), and to do so in a way that recommends specific “Islamic principles that encourage good governance, and politics in pursuit of goodness” (8).

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