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Attas, Spyros C. „The right of legation of the European Community : Commission delegations to third countries“. Thesis, University of Exeter, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314569.
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Balek, Michelle. „Socially engaged spirituality: spiritual motivation for social change in delegations to the Bajo Lempa region of El Salvador /“. Click here to view full text, 2007.
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Ruan, Chun, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College und School of Computing and Information Technology. „Models for authorization and conflict resolution“. THESIS_CSTE_CIT_Ruan_C.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/546.
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Access control is a significant issue in any secure computer system. Authorization models provide a formalism and framework for specifying and evaluating access control policies that determine how access is granted and delegated among particular users. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate flexible decentralized authorization model supporting authorization delegation, both positive and negative authorization, and conflict resolution. A graph based authorization framework is proposed which can support authorization delegations and both positive and negative authorizations. In particular, it is shown that the existing conflict resolution methods are limited when applied to decentralized authorization models and cyclic authorizations can even lead to undesirable situations. A new conflict resolution policy is then proposed, which can support well controlled delegation by giving predecessors higher priorities along the delegation path. The thesis provides a formal description of the proposed model and detailed descriptions of algorithms to implement it. The model is represented using labelled digraphs, which provide a formal basis for proving the semantic correctness of the model. A weighted graph based model is presented which allows grantors to further express degrees of certainties about their granting of authorizations. The work is further extended to consider more complex domains where subjects, objects and access rights are hierarchically structured and authorization inheritance along the hierarchies taken into account. A precise semantics is given which is based on stable model semantics, and, several important properties of delegatable authorization programs investigated. The framework provides users a reasonable method to express complex security policy. To address the many situations in which users may need to be granted or delegated authorizations for a limited period of time, a temporal decentralized authorization model is proposed in which temporal authorization delegations and negations are allowable. Proper semantic properties are further investigated. Finally, as an application, the thesis shows how the proposed authorization model can be used in a e-consent system on health data. A system architecture for e-consent is presented and different types of e-consent models discussed. The proposed model is shown to provide users a good framework for representing and evaluating these models.Doctor of Philosphy (PhD)
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Garcia, Jonathan. „Les incompétences négatives dans la jurisprudence du Conseil constitutionnel“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD014.
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Inspiré de la jurisprudence administrative, le contrôle des incompétences négatives est l’un des contentieux les plus mobilisés par le Conseil constitutionnel. Dès la première censure prononcée en 1967, le juge constitutionnel s’est « approprié » les incompétences négatives en s’écartant des classifications traditionnelles du droit administratif et en utilisant ce contentieux bien au-delà de la répartition des compétences. Aujourd’hui, il s’agit davantage d’un contrôle du fond de la loi que de sa forme. Se pose alors la question de savoir pourquoi le Conseil refuse d’accueillir les demandes fondées sur l’incompétence négative – exclusivement – dans le cadre des questions prioritaires de constitutionnalité. En réalité, les incompétences négatives ont une qualité essentielle : elles permettent de réaliser un contrôle effectif des omissions législatives, de renforcer la protection des droits et libertés, sans jamais avoir l’apparence de le faireInspired by the administrative’s case law, control of the « incompétence négative » is one of the most mobilized by the Constitutional Council. From the first censure pronounced in 1967, the constitutional Council "appropriated" this notion by departing from the traditional classifications of administrative law and use this concept well beyond the distribution of powers. Today, it is more of a substance check of the law than a formal control. This raises the question of why the judge refuses to accommodate requests based on the « incompétence négative » - exclusively - as part of the priority preliminaryruling on the issue of constitutionality. In fact, this notion has an essential quality: it allow to achieve an effective control of legislative’s omissions, to strengthen the protection of rights and freedoms without ever having the appearance of doing so
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Murrell, James William. „An analysis of the anti gun and pro gun stances of the national congressional delegations for New York, Texas, Connecticut and South Carolina in the firearms restrictions controversy of the 1960s“. Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246847.
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Kibaitė, Justina. „ES diplomatinės tarnybos tinklas: Europos Komisijos Išorės tarnybos vaidmuo“. Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080625_151910-07844.
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Europos Komisijos išorės tarnyba ir jos vaidmuo Europos Sąjungos diplomatinės tarnybos tinkle – Lietuvoje nauja, visiškai netyrinėta tema. Todėl šio darbo autorė siekia išanalizuoti Europos Komisijos išorės tarnybos delegacijų vaidmenį ir statusą Europos Sąjungos diplomatinės tarnybos tinkle, taip pat įžvelgti šio vaidmens ir statuso pokyčius. Siekiant minėto tikslo, šiame darbe iškeliami tokie svarbiausi uždaviniai:
Pristatyti Tinklinio valdymo viešajame sektoriuje perspektyvą, išskiriant tinklinį užsienio politikos valdymą;
Apibūdinti naujas Tinklinio valdymo perspektyvoje formuluojamas diplomatijos formas bei pritaikyti šią perspektyvą Europos Sąjungos diplomatinės tarnybos struktūros analizei;
Iškelti Europos diplomatijos formos trečiosiose šalyse vystymosi hipotezes;
Apibrėžti Europos Komisijos išorės tarnybos vietą Europos Sąjungos diplomatinės tarnybos tinkle, apibūdinant Išorės tarnybos struktūrą, plėtrą, institucionalizacijos procesą, naujausias administracines šios tarnybos reformas bei funkcijas;
Identifikuoti Europos Komisijos išorės tarnybos delegacijų statuso, veiklos pobūdžio, santykių su kitais tarptautinės arenos veikėjais bei vaidmens Europos Sąjungos diplomatinės tarnybos tinkle pokyčius;
Apibūdinti kaip praktiškai vyksta Europos Komisijos delegacijų ir valstybių narių diplomatinių tarnybų bendradarbiavimas trečiosiose šalyse.
Svarbiausios šio darbo išvados pažymi, kad Europos Komisijos išorės tarnyba išvystė funkcinę, į vartotoją orientuotos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]External Service of the European Commission and it‘s role in network of EU diplomatic service is a new and not researched topic in Lithuania. Therefore the author of this paper seeks analyse the role and status of delegations of the External Service of the European Commission in network of European Union diplomatic service and also to detect mutation of their role and status. There were several main goals set for this purpose: To introduce Networked approaches to public sector, putting stress on networked governance of foreign policy; To define the new forms of diplomacy formulated in Networked approach and to apply this approach for the review of constitution of EU diplomatic service; To hypothesize on development of European diplomacy form in third countries; To determine the role of External Service of the European Commission in the network of EU diplomatic service defining the formation, development, process of institutionalization, latest administrative reforms and functions of the External Service. To identify the mutation of status and brief of delegations of the European Commission in third countries, also to define changes in their relationships with the other actors of international arena and in their role in Network of EU diplomatic service. Characterize the process of cooperation between delegations of the European Commission and embassies of member states of EU in third countries. Main conclusions of this paper say that the External Service of the... [to full text]
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Brown, Stuart. „Delegation to European executive agencies : frameworks for analysis and the 'delegation of delegation'“. Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2012. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=17987.
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This thesis tests six models of delegation on six European executive agencies, which have been set up at the request of the European Commission since 2003. Executive agencies are a new form of agency and the first example of bodies which have been delegated powers directly by the European Commission and given full legal status. Three of the models tested stem from rational-choice approaches to delegation, while the other three are constructivist models. The thesis tests these models to determine which approaches best explain this form of delegation. The thesis also provides an empirical account of the agencies and an assessment of the implications for the wider delegation and agency literature of the Commission delegating its own delegated responsibilities to new organisations. A mixed-methods approach is adopted, including primary document analysis and qualitative interviews with management level staff at the agencies and the European institutions. The conclusion is that multiprincipal, rational-choice approaches to delegation, in which competition between the European institutions is a key explanatory variable, provides the best framework for analysing delegation to European executive agencies. The thesis also concludes that the 'delegation of delegation', in which powers originally assigned to the Commission have been delegated by the Commission to new agencies, is an important new development in the EU's institutional structure and has implications for how delegation processes are studied in the EU context.
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Brown, Robert Louis. „Nonproliferation through delegation“. Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2008. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3307170.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2008.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed July 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 368-404).
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Crispo, Bruno. „Delegation of responsibility“. Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.624433.
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Botic, Jenna. „Amorteringskrav - Är delegation av amorteringskrav grundlagsenlig? : – Är delegation av amorteringskrav grundlagsenlig?“ Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132785.
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Till följd av att hushållens inkomster inte ökar i samma takt som hushållens skulder, har finansinspektionen på senare år strävat efter att införa ett amorteringskrav i svensk rätt. Sverige har även fått påtryckningar från Europeiska unionen att vidta åtgärder för att korrigera den rådande situationen med allt högre belåningsgrader hos hushållen. De flesta är överens om att ett amorteringskrav är en nödvändig åtgärd, dock har kritik riktats mot regleringen av amorteringskravet som Regeringen har föreslagit. Propositionen som lämnats till Riksdagen innebär ett bemyndigande till Finansinspektionen att lämna föreskrifter. Finansinspektionen ska förskriva om amorteringskrav inom uppdraget för makrotillsynen. För att ett bemyndigande ska vara grundlagsenligt får det inte avse något område som räknas upp i 8 kap. 2 § Regeringsformen. I teorin kommer en sanktion på grund av en överträdelse av bestämmelser om amorteringskrav att träffa förhållandet mellan kreditgivare och Finansinspektionen. Kritik har riktats mot att amorteringskravet kommer träffa det område som 8 kap. 2 § 2p. Regeringsformen nämner, förhållandet mellan enskild och det allmänna. Om amorteringskravet skulle anses träffa det nämnda förhållandet innebär det att bemyndigandet inte är grundlagsenligt. Av vikt, för att avgöra huruvida det är inkonstitutionellt eller inte, är en bedömning, om amorteringskrav hör till det offentligrättsliga området eller det civilrättsliga området. Gränsdragningen har tidigare uppmärksammats av Lagrådet, men utan en tydligt lösning på problemet. Många remissinstanser har lämnat svar på förslaget om amorteringskrav, svar som i de flesta fall talar för amorteringskrav men även ifrågasätter huruvida bemyndigandet är konstitutionellt eller inte. Om en statlig utredning hade tillsatts år 2014, när tankarna om amorteringskrav började, hade frågan utretts noggrant och troligtvis hade ett förslag som inte är kan ifrågasättas varit framlagt idag.
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Marfan, Sánchez Manuel Antonio. „Delegation models: a review“. Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2012. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/111500.
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Magíster en Economía AplicadaIngeniero Civil Industrial
Este trabajo estudia la literatura de toma de decisiones en ambientes con informaci ón asim étrica y sin transferencias monetarias. Quien debe tomar la decisión, llamado el principal, carece de información relevante acerca de los efectos de la decisi on a tomar. Otro jugador, mejor informado pero cuyos intereses divergen de aquellos del principal, llamado el agente, puede enviar mensajes al principal para así influir en la decisión. Dependiendo del tipo de compromiso que el principal puede hacer, la transmisión de informaci ón del agente al principal y el resultado del juego puede variar. Cuatro tipos de juegos se estudian en este trabajo. En el juego de comunicaci ón, el principal es incapaz de comprometerse a una decisióon antes de recibir el mensaje del agente, por lo que siempre tomar a la decisi ón que m ás se ajusta a sus intereses. El principal mantiene el control sobre la decisión, pero la transmisi on de informaci on es difusa. En el juego de delegación completa, el principal puede delegar al agente el derecho a decidir. El agente tomar á entonces la mejor decisi on para él. En este caso, la decision es e ficiente y la informaci ón es utilizada en su totalidad, pero conllevar á con seguridad una p érdida para el principal. En el tercer tipo, el principal delega la decisi ón, pero tiene el derecho de vetarla y de volver a la situación de status quo. Esta situación permite al principal mantener un grado de control, pero la posibilidad de veto introduce ruido en la transmisión de información. En el cuarto tipo, el principal puede comprometerse a una regla de decisión, desde el espacio de mensajes del agente al espacio de decisiones. Esto es equivalente a delegar la decisión al agente, habiendo restringido ex-ante las decisiones disponibles. Estos cuatro casos son analizados en un modelo simple. Si el principal es capaz de comprometerse, como en el cuarto caso, esto siempre es óptimo. Si no, su preferencia entre los tres casos restantes depende del status quo y del nivel de discrepancia con el agente. El derecho a veto es útil sólo si el status quo es cercano a la preferencia del agente. El principal prefiere mecanismos donde hay más compromiso. Adicionalmente, el equilibrio del caso en que el principal mantiene el derecho a veto pero puede limitar ex-ante la decisión del agente es caracterizado. El principal restringe más en equilibrio la decisión del agente que cuando no tiene derecho a veto. Este mecanismo es mejor para el principal que comunicación pura y es preferido a delegación completa si el status quo es cercano a la decisión promedio preferida por el agente.
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Chotard, Jérémy. „Delegation in functional encryption“. Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0088.
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Le chiffrement fonctionnel est un paradigme récent qui généralise le chiffrement à clef publique classique. Cette formalisation a pour objectif de réguler plus finement le contrôle d’accès aux données chiffrées, ainsi que l’information dévoilée par le déchiffrement. Cette thèse étudie des possibilités de délégation au travers de ces deux aspects. Dans un premier temps, nous travaillons dans un contexte multi-client : plusieurs utilisateurs fournissent chacun une donnée personnelle chiffrée, et une entité souhaite extraire de l’information de ces données. Notre contribution consiste à permettre à ces utilisateurs de donner, ou refuser, leur accord à cette extraction. Pour ce faire, nous décrivons des constructions de chiffrement fonctionnel multi-utilisateur, puis nous définissons plusieurs niveaux de sécurité et fournissons des méthodes pour les atteindre. Enfin, principal objectif de ces travaux, nous décentralisons la fabrication de la clef de déchiffrement, pour qu’une personne souhaitant une clef de déchiffrement ait besoin de l’accord de tous pour l’obtenir. Toutes les instantiations proposées dans ces travaux sont utilisables en pratique. Dans second temps, nous considérons une autre problématique dans laquelle un producteur de contenu vidéo cherche à déléguer la distribution de sa création, sans la révéler. Notre solution est un mécanisme d’encapsulation de clef, dérivé du chiffrement par attributs, avec une propriété particulière. Ce producteur l’utilise pour encapsuler la clef du flux vidéo sous plusieurs attributs, et fournit les encapsulations au distributeur. Celui-ci peut alors utiliser la propriété pour combiner les encapsulations et en définir les conditions d’accès à sa guiseFunctional encryption is a recent paradigm that generalizes the classical public key encryption. This formalization aims to finely manage both the access control to the encrypted data, and the information revealed by the decryption. This thesis studies possibilities of delegation through these two sides. First, we deal with a multi-client context : several users provide each one an encryption of personal data, and an entity wishes to extract information from the aggregate of those inputs. Our contribution in this environment consists to provide these clients the possibility to give, or refuse, their consent for such an extraction. To this aim, we describe constructions of multi-client functional encryption. We then formalize several levels of security and provide methods to reach them. Eventually, we decentralize the construction of the functional decryption key, so that one needs the agreement of all clients to get a functional decryption key. All this, in a practical way. Second, we consider a more specific case where a video content provider wishes to delegate the distribution of his creation, but without revealing it. Our solution is a key encapsulation mechanism, derived from attribute-based encryption, with a particular property. The provider uses it to encapsulate the key of the encrypted stream under several attributes, and provides the encapsulations to the distributor. This "content manager" can then use the property to combine the encapsulations and make a new one under the access policy of his choice
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Wang, Xuetao. „Olympiad delegation registration system“. CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2551.
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The purpose of this project is to design, build and implement a web application system for the Olympiad delegation registration. All the pages and user registration information will be stored in a PostgreSQL database and retrieved by JAVA Servlet and JDBC (JAVA Database Connectivity). The main purpose of this project is to provide an easy-to-register and web-base communication evironment for the National Olympic Committes (NOC) and the Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (OCOG).
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Böllhoff, Cornelius [Verfasser]. „Begnadigung und Delegation. : Die Delegation der Entscheidungszuständigkeit des Begnadigungsrechts und ihre Grenzen. / Cornelius Böllhoff“. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1238427782/34.
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Segendorff, Björn. „Essays on bargaining and delegation“. Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Samhällsekonomi (S), 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-666.
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This dissertation consists of three essays. Essay 1: Delegation and Threat in Bargaining.Two principals ("nations") appoint one agent each to bargain over the provision of a public good. Two institutional set-ups are studied, each with a different level of authority given to the agents. Here authority means the right to decide the own side's provision if negotiations break down. In equilibrium the principals choose agents with preferences differing from their own. The low-authority equilibrium Pareto dominates (with regard to the principals) the case of the principals deciding on the provisions simultaneously (autarchy). The high-authority equilibrium is Pareto dominated by the low-authority equilibrium and it may even be dominated by autarchy. Essay 2: Delegation of Bargaining and Power.Two principals simultaneously appoint one agent each and decide how much power to give to their agents. The agents' task is to bargain over the provision of a public good. Power here means the right to decide the own side's provision if negotiations break down. In equilibrium the principals delegate to agents that are relatively disinterested in the public good and give them all power. The fact that both principals have the possibility to delegate is, in equilibrium, harmful to at least one of them. The equilibrium may even be Pareto dominated by the outcome under autarchy. Essay 3: Labor- and Product-Market Structure and Excess Labour.This study analyzes under what labor- and product-market structures a firm may hire more labor than needed to produce its profit maximizing output. Three labor-market structures are studied: (1) decentralized (firm-specific unions), (2) one-sided centralization (central union and several firms), and (3) centralized (central union and employers' association). Excess labor is explained by the risk-sharing motive that in the model exists between the risk-averse workers and the risk-neutral firm owner. Labor may be excessively hired in any of the labor-market structures and under a wide range of product-market structures; duopoly, oligopoly etc.Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1998
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Liman, Henri. „Delegation av ansvar i miljömål“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-180901.
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Bohne, Kerstin [Verfasser]. „Delegation ärztlicher Tätigkeiten / Kerstin Bohne“. Frankfurt : Peter Lang GmbH, Internationaler Verlag der Wissenschaften, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1042425582/34.
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Marcum, Seth Allen. „An Argument For Non-Delegation?“ Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors14948704961944.
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Pham, Quan. „Delegation framework for federated systems“. Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/48880/1/Quan_Pham_Thesis.pdf.
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It is not uncommon for enterprises today to be faced with the demand to integrate and incor- porate many different and possibly heterogeneous systems which are generally independently designed and developed, to allow seamless access. In effect, the integration of these systems results in one large whole system that must be able, at the same time, to maintain the local autonomy and to continue working as an independent entity. This problem has introduced a new distributed architecture called federated systems. The most challenging issue in federated systems is to find answers for the question of how to efficiently cooperate while preserving their autonomous characteristic, especially the security autonomy. This thesis intends to address this issue. The thesis reviews the evolution of the concept of federated systems and discusses the organisational characteristics as well as remaining security issues with the existing approaches. The thesis examines how delegation can be used as means to achieve better security, especially authorisation while maintaining autonomy for the participating member of the federation. A delegation taxonomy is proposed as one of the main contributions. The major contribution of this thesis is to study and design a mechanism to support dele- gation within and between multiple security domains with constraint management capability. A novel delegation framework is proposed including two modules: Delegation Constraint Man- agement module and Policy Management module. The first module is designed to effectively create, track and manage delegation constraints, especially for delegation processes which require re-delegation (indirect delegation). The first module employs two algorithms to trace the root authority of a delegation constraint chain and to prevent the potential conflict when creating a delegation constraint chain if necessary. The first module is designed for conflict prevention not conflict resolution. The second module is designed to support the first module via the policy comparison capability. The major function of this module is to provide the delegation framework the capability to compare policies and constraints (written under the format of a policy). The module is an extension of Lin et al.'s work on policy filtering and policy analysis. Throughout the thesis, some case studies are used as examples to illustrate the discussed concepts. These two modules are designed to capture one of the most important aspects of the delegation process: the relationships between the delegation transactions and the involved constraints, which are not very well addressed by the existing approaches. This contribution is significant because the relationships provide information to keep track and en- force the involved delegation constraints and, therefore, play a vital role in maintaining and enforcing security for transactions across multiple security domains.
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Ahsant, Mehran. „On-demand Restricted Delegation : A Framework for Dynamic, Context-Aware, Least-Privilege Delegation in Grids“. Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Datavetenskap och kommunikation, Kungliga Tekniska högskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9930.
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Carbonara, Emanuela. „Control delegation and decentralisation in heirarchies“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270625.
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Hopkins, Colin William. „Plan delegation in a multiagent environment“. Thesis, University of Essex, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235829.
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Ezquerra, Guerra Lara. „Essays on delegation and social norms“. Thesis, Middlesex University, 2017. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/21874/.
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This thesis presents the results of my doctoral studies at Middlesex University London. It contains different papers related to Labour Markets and presents some results on production, delegation and dishonest behaviour. The first study compares how group size interacts with both constrained and un-constrained resource environments, finding that resource limitations diminish production over time and that all the groups learn with experience. The second explores the effects of incentives in dishonest behaviour in both the gain and loss domain finding that contrary to theoretical predictions, subjects do not cheat more when they are facing a loss. The third, studies the distributions derived from different delegation scenarios. We find that the distributions derived from optional delegation are more egalitarian than the ones made under compulsory delegation. Finally, I study gender differences in delegation finding that gender biases only arise in compulsory delegation, and not under endogenous delegation, and at an agent level.
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Merriman, Carolyn S. „NCLEX Preparation and Priority and Delegation“. Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8411.
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Baumann, Thomas [Verfasser]. „Die Delegation tariflicher Rechtsetzungsbefugnisse. / Thomas Baumann“. Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1238227317/34.
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Wohlgemuth, Sven. „Privatsphäre durch die Delegation von Rechten /“. Wiesbaden : Vieweg + Teubner in GWV Fachverl, 2009. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=017173014&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Wohlgemuth, Sven. „Privatsphäre durch die Delegation von Rechten“. Wiesbaden Vieweg + Teubner, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990484149/04.
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Susa, Taiki, und Hikaru Ogawa. „Strategic Delegation in Asymmetric Tax Competition“. 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19504.
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Cheng, Li. „Le principe de légalité de l'impôt et son application en Chine“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1014.
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Le principe de légalité de l’impôt, en tant que traduction au plan juridique du principe de consentement de l’impôt et principe fondamental du droit fiscal, est universellement reconnu par des pays démocratiques. Ce principe consistant à limiter le pouvoir de l’exécutif en matière fiscale et protéger des droits fondamentaux du contribuable en tant que citoyen, joue un rôle crucial pour l’établissement de la hiérarchie des normes dans un Etat de droit. Pourtant, ce principe n’est reconnu que de manière partielle et imprécise dans le droit chinois. Nous avons conviction que l’application effective de ce principe permettra non seulement d’améliorer l’efficacité de la gestion des impôts, mais aussi de diminuer les tensions et d’améliorer les relations entre l’administration fiscale et le contribuable. L’application de ce principe doit se réaliser autour de deux axes : l’un consiste en l’établissement des normes fiscales essentielles par la loi afin de délimiter le pouvoir réglementaire en matière fiscale, et l’autre en la mise en œuvre effective de ces normes dans les procédures fiscales afin de protéger les droits du contribuable. Pour le premier, l’abrogation de ces habilitations nous paraît fort souhaitable et indispensable pour régler le problème de l’incompétence négative du législateur chinois et celui du déclassement des normes fiscales dans le pays. Pour ce dernier, il est nécessaire de révéler les illégalités et les irrégularités commises dans l’exécution de la loi fiscale qui menacent sérieusement l’application effective du principe de légalité de l’impôt en Chine, que ce soit dans les procédures d’imposition ou dans les procédures contentieusesThe principle of legality of the tax, being a translation of the taxation consent in a legal background, is universally recognized by democratic countries. This principle, consisting to limit the taxation power of the government and to protect the fundamental rights of citizen, plays a crucial role to establish a hierarchy of legal rules. However, this principle is recognized only partially and vaguely in China. We have conviction that the effective application of this principle will not only improve the efficiency of the management of the taxes, but also calm down the tensions and to improve the relationship between the administration and tax payers.The application of this principle must be carried out around two axes: one consists in the establishment of taxation rules principally by law in order to limit the power of regulation of government, the other in effective application of the legal rules in taxation, in order to protect the tax payer’s rights. For the first one, abrogation of delegations of legislative power appears desirable and necessary to settle the problem of negligence of legislator’s competence, as well as the depreciation of the tax norms in China. And as for the second one, it is necessary to notice the illegality and irregularities in the execution of the legal rules, which is an obstacle to apply this principle either in the taxation in the proceedings
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Blomgren, Magnus. „Cross-Pressure and Political Representation in Europe : A comparative study of MEPs and the intra-party arena“. Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, Univ. [distributör], 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-110.
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Lui, W. C. „Security models for authorization, delegation and accountability“. Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B32053745.
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Roth, Stefan. „Preismanagement für Leistungsbündel : Preisbildung, Bündelung und Delegation /“. Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=014979437&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Schütte, Miriam. „Communication, delegation and performance evaluation in organizations“. Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-163574.
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Katzarova, Mila. „Secure delegation in a distributed healthcare context“. Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.543563.
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Lui, W. C., und 雷永祥. „Security models for authorization, delegation and accountability“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B32053745.
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Cheung, Lai-sze, und 張麗詩. „Delegation of rights using PKI-based components“. Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29973053.
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Miaris, Georgios. „Corporate Social Responsibility and Strategic Managerial Delegation“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149607.
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This thesis examines the strategic delegation model in a duopoly market. A strategic analysis is used to integrate Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) into managerial incentive design. We develop and examine two different scenarios of the delegation game. The first scenario is the model of simultaneous managerial delegation in which firms compete sequentially in quantities (Stackelberg fashion), while the second scenario is the model of sequential managerial delegation in which firms compete in quantities simultaneously (Cournot fashion). In light of this, the purposes of this thesis is to measure the business performance of the quantity competing firms and clarify under which circumstances the first mover has the advantage of commitment or not in these two scenarios.
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Hedenbo, Daniel. „Kommunalrättslig delegation : Bakgrund, utveckling och aktuella frågor“. Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68896.
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Marfan, Sanchez Manuel. „Three Essays on the Theory of Delegation“. Paris, EHESS, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016EHES0048.
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Cette thèse traite sur la théorie de la délégation optimale, c'est-à-dire, les solutions optimales d'un modèle principal-agent où les transferts monétaires ne sont pas permis, et ce dans trois contextes différents. Le premier chapitre est une extension du modèle unidimensionnel standard, à une situation où le principal doit prendre plusieurs décisions et l'agent est mieux informé sur plusieurs dimensions. Des pas significatifs sont faits vers une caractérisation du contrat optimal. Additionnellement, le lien entre les différentes dimensions est étudié. Une condition nécessaire et une condition suffisante pour séparabilité desdites dimensions sont trouvées. Le deuxième chapitre ajoute un troisième joueur au modèle de délégation standard. Dans ce contexte, le principal ne peut communiquer avec l'agent qu'en passant par un intermédiaire imparfaitement informé. La valeur pour le principal de cet intermédiaire est étudiée, et le mécanisme optimal est caractérisé. Le troisième chapitre applique les modèles de délégation dans un contexte de duopole à la Stackelberg. Le leader a intérêt à se servir de I' « avantage du précurseur », mais ceci l'empêcherait de réagir face à l'incertitude concernant son coût ou la demande. L'action optimale peut être vue comme une délégation du leader vers lui-même. En effet, il restreint sor champ d'action à future, en limitant son action à un ensemble qu'il définit préalablement. Une condition suffisante est donnée, tel que le leader s'engage à produire et à vendre une quantité minimale, et les propriétés de cette limite sont étudiéesThis dissertation studies the theory of optimal delegation, that is, the optimal solutions to a principal-agent model in which transfers are not allowed, in three different contexts. The first chapter extends the standard, single-dimensional model, to a setting in which the principal makes several decisions, and the agent possesses several pieces of private information. Significant improvements are made in the characterization of the optimal mechanism. Also, the link between the different dimensions is studied, finding a necessary and a sufficient condition for the mechanism to be separable on each dimension. The second chapter adds a third player to the standard two-player delegation game. Now, the principal cannot communicate with the agent and can only contract with an imperfectly informec intermediary. The value for the principal of introducing such a player is studied, and the optimal intermediation mechanism is characterized. The third chapter applies the delegation framework to a Stackelberg duopoly. The leader wants to use his first-mover advantage, but this reduces his scope of reaction to a state of nature that is unknown at this point. The optimal action can be seen as the leader "delegating to himself", by restricting his future actions to a set of his choice. A sufficient condition is given such that is unknown at this point. The optimal action can be seen as the leader "delegating to himself", by restricting his future actions to a set of his choice. A sufficient condition is given such that the optimal commitment consists on a minimum quantity to be sold, and under a more specifiec model, comparative statics are done with respect to relevant parameters such as size of the market, degree of substitutability with the follower, and uncertainty
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Guiheux, Gilles. „La notion de delegation en droit public“. Rennes 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996REN11001.
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La delegation est une notion tres employee mais paradoxalement elle souffre de l'absence d'une definition unifiee en droit public. Presentee generalement comme une notion de droit administratif,elle est concue comme un mecanisme juridique permettant de deroger a l'ordre normal des competences. Une etude plus poussee montre en realite qu'il s'agit d'une notion juridique tres ancienne,qui se dedouble en deux sequences juridiques bien distinctes, chacune reposant sur des actes unilateraux. Tout d'abord,un acte d'habilitation constitue le fondement de la delegation,et sa mise en oeuvre est ensuite,realisee par des actes d'investiture,c'est-a-dire des actes edictes par le delegataire,dans le cadre de l'habilitation recue. Cette identification permet alors de comprendre les modalites de son utilisation. Celles-ci sont doubles. D'abord,la notion de delegation justifie l'exercice son utilisation. Celles-ci sont doubles. D'abord,la notion de delegation justifie l'exercice de l'action de l'etat sur l'ensemble du territoire. Ensuite,elle favorise l'efficacite de la mise en oeuvre des fonctions de l'etat. On remarquera enfin que la notion de delegation est parfois employee dans un sens abusif,y compris par le droit ecrit. Mais surtout,il ressort que la notion de delegation est un element non negligeable de la theorie de l'etatThe idea of delegation is very often used but,paradoxically,it suffers from a lack of unified definitions in public law. As generally presented as an idea of administrative law,it is understood as a legal technique allowing to depart from the normal order of competences. A more prcise study shows in reality that it deals with a very old legal idea,divided into two well-distinct legal sequences,each based on one-sided deeds. At first,an enabling deed constitutes the ground of delegation,then its implement is achievd by acts of investiture,which means acts enacted by a delegace in the limits of his enability. Thus,this indentification allows the understanding of its methods of use. They have got a double function. First,the idea of delegation justifies the exercice of state action on the whole territory. Then,it favours the implement efficency of state functions. At last,we'll notice that the idea of delegation is sometimes incorrectly used, included in statute law. But it is particulary evident taht the idea of delegation is a considerable part of state theory
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Gaddam, Sneha. „Essays on corruption, leniency programmes and delegation“. Thesis, University of Leicester, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/40029.
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This thesis explores two topics. Chapter 1 evaluates leniency programmes in light of crime and corruption. Chapters 2 and 3 explore the issue of delegation of authority in the presence of non-contractible costs. In chapter 1, we evaluate Leniency Programmes (LPs): forgiving self-reporting criminals, in a society of heterogeneous criminals and heterogeneous bureaucrats. Social welfare goes up immediately after the LP is introduced as supply (size and composition of bureaucrats) is held fixed. In the intermediate run, some bureaucrats leave the agency because they lose a source of income (bribe) causing a dip in the welfare. However, we observe that welfare can go up in the long run. Chapter 2 focuses on delegation of authority using a principal-agent model. Agents have private information (signals) relevant for making a correct decision. Agents and principal incur non-contractible costs if a wrong decision is made. We characterize truth-telling equilibria. Among other cases, we see what happens when agents have asymmetrical non-contractible costs and the principal also incurs a non-contractible cost. Our main result is that there are situations where the principal delegates the decision making authority to the agent whom she is less aligned with in terms of preferences (non-irrelevancy) provided there is a sufficient degree of information asymmetry between the two agents. Chapter 3 extends the analysis of chapter 2 to situations where truth-telling equilibria does not exist. Information is not aggregated efficiently under non truth-telling because of the incentive constraints of the agents. We show that the non irrelevancy result arises in this chapter when the signal precisions of the two agents are equal.
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Nordqvist, Cecilia, und Eva Hallström. „Delegering av medicinska arbetsuppgifter : -En intervjustudie med sjuksköterskor i den kommunala äldreomsorgen“. Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för hälsa, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-20833.
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Bakgrund: Inom den kommunala äldreomsorgen har sjuksköterskan ett omvårdnadsansvar i vilket det ingår att se till att äldre som bor på särskilda boenden eller har någon form av hemsjukvårdsinsatser erhåller en säker vård. Omvårdnadspersonalen har närmst kontakt med de äldre inom den kommunala omsorgen. För att verksamheten ska fungera delegerar sjuksköterskor medicinska arbetsuppgifter till omvårdnadspersonalen. Dock får delegering endast ske då det är förenligt med en god och säker vård, något som enligt forskning visat sig vara en utmaning för sjuksköterskorna. Syfte: Syftet var att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av delegering av medicinska arbetsuppgifter inom kommunal äldreomsorg. Metod: Studien utfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med semistruktuerade intervjufrågor där sju sjuksköterskor som arbetade inom kommunal äldreomsorg medverkade (varav en var sjuksköterska och sex var distriktssköterskor). Det material som framkom genom intervjuerna analyserades genom kvalitativ innehållsanalys med utgångspunkt i Graneheim och Lundmans metodbeskrivning. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra kategorier: Villkor från verksamheten för delegering, teamets betydelse för delegering som gemensam uppgift, stå som ansvarig för delegering samt förbättringsförslag utifrån erfarenheter i samband med delegering. Kategorin Villkor från verksamheten för delegering handlar om arbetsmiljö, rutiner och utbildning i samband med delegering. Kategorin Teamets betydelse för delegering som gemensam uppgift handlar om kompetensen och kommunikationen i teamet. Kategorin Stå som ansvarig för delegering handlar om att ansvara för att skapa en säker delegeringsprocess och kategorin Förbättringsförslag utifrån erfarenheter i samband med delegering handlar om förslag på förbättringsarbete. Slutsats: Resultatet visade att sjuksköterskorna kunde känna press från organisationen och på grund av tidspress samt att de kände en kluvenhet mellan att hitta den bästa lösningen för patienten men samtidigt skapa en säker vård i samband med delegering. Resultatet har lett till ökad förståelse och ökade kunskaper kring delegeringsförfarandet.Background: In municipal elderly care, the nurse has a nursing responsibility which includes ensuring that the elderly who live in special housing or have some form of home care interventions receive safe care. The nursing staff has the closest contact with the elderly in municipal care. In order for the operation to work, nurses delegate medical tasks to the nursing staff, however, delegation may only take place when it is compatible with good and safe care, something which according to research has proven to be a challenge for the nurses. Aim: The aim was to investigate nurses' experiences of delegating medical tasks within municipal elderly care. Method: The study was conducted as a qualitative interview study with semi-structured interview questions in which seven nurses working in municipal elderly care participated (of which one was a nurse and six were district nurses). The material that emerged from the interviews was analyzed through qualitative content analysis based on Graneheim and Lundman's method description. Result: The analysis resulted in four categories: Conditions from the activities for delegation, the team's importance for delegation as a joint task, being responsible for delegation and improvement proposals based on experience in connection with delegation. The category Terms from the activities for delegation deals with the work environment, routines and training in connection with delegation. The category The team's importance for delegation as a common task is about the competence and communication in the team. The category Stand as responsible for delegation is about being responsible for creating a secure delegation process and category Improvement proposals based on experience in connection with delegation is about proposals for improvement work. Conclusion: The results showed that the nurses could feel pressure from the organization and due to time pressure and that they felt a gap between finding the best solution for the patient but at the same time creating a safe care in connection with delegation. The result has led to increased understanding and increased knowledge of the delegation procedure.
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Kuhnert, Dana. „Die Delegation von Entscheidungen im Forschungs- und Entwicklungsbereich“. Doctoral thesis, Technische Universitaet Bergakademie Freiberg Universitaetsbibliothek "Georgius Agricola", 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:105-8485313.
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Ein entscheidender Erfolgsgarant für die Abwicklung von FuE-Projekten durch ein internationales Projektteam liegt in der Kombination des Wissens aller Mitarbeiter. Manche Unternehmen können das spezielle Know how ihrer Mitarbeiter noch stärker nutzen und Entscheidungsbefugnisse für bestimmte Projektaufgaben delegieren. Zu empfehlen ist dies z. B. für die Innovationsaufgaben: Erstellung des Gesamtentwicklungskonzeptes und Ideenfindung. Unterscheiden sich die Unternehmenskulturen der beteiligten Projektmitarbeiter stark voneinander, ist die Erstellung des Gesamtentwicklungskonzeptes durch das Team nicht mehr sinnvoll. Die Aufgaben: Suche nach Projektmitarbeitern und Auswahl der Zulieferer sollte der Geschäftsführer aufgrund seiner besseren Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu anderen Unternehmensbereichen und externen Einrichtungen überwiegend selbst ausführen. Generell ist es ratsam, dass international agierende Konzerne individuelle Partizipationsmodelle gestalten und Probleme, die durch unterschiedliche Kulturausprägungen entstehen, verhindern bzw. beseitigen.
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Wolferink, Carsten. „Die Delegation der Kreditwürdigkeitsprüfung aus agency-theoretischer Sicht /“. Frankfurt am Main : Knapp, 2005. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=013522672&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Nguyen, Tuan Anh. „Delegation and recognition of authority in virtual organisations“. Thesis, University of Kent, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509627.
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Moffett, Jonathan D. „Delegation of authority using domain-based access rules“. Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46450.
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Jacobson, Jeffrey H. (Jeffrey Hal). „The entrepreneurial real estate developer's use of delegation“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74791.
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Colleen, Petra. „Leadership qualities and delegation in times of crisis“. Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomi, geografi, juridik och turism, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-41014.
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The purpose of the study is to explore in what ways leadership qualities such as delegation in the Fintech sector is different to that of traditional financial sector in times of crisis. The study is conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic crisis. The findings of this study may theoretically add to the discussion topic for further research on leadership and delegation in times of crisis. From a practical perspective the findings can give leaders insight on what a select group of entrepreneurs in the Fintech sector perceive as important leadership qualities and delegation in times of crisis. A qualitative study was conducted featuring semi-structured interviews with nine leaders in the Fintech sector. An abductive research method has been used, moving back and forth between theory and research and from the empirical evidence identify the common themes of the most important in leadership qualities. The analyses of the empirical evidence showed that there are a few points that support both theory and practice in this specific crisis being, leaders in crisis need to be authentic, trusting, and transparent and have the ability to communicate it to the stakeholders. Although the leadership qualities in crisis varied, there were a few common themes; the importance of trust and qualities such as the ability to take decisions, give clear direction and communication are all in line with theory. What specifically stands out in the Fintech sector, making it different from that of more traditional industries, is that the leadership includes an increased willingness and ability to delegate. Delegation in times of crisis is important as it empowers the team which could further add to a positive resolve of the situation. One of the prerequisites to be able to delegate is the team being experts in their specific area, the other was their mindset and attitude. Fintech leaders also have the notion that leadership in crisis should be the same as is in times of non-crisis and it is imperative to continue to be delegating. The difference compared to more traditional industries can be contributed to entrepreneurial mindset of leaders in the Fintech sector being used to uncertainty and day to adversity of business survival, always ready to adapt their business model. An area for further research could be to do a wider scope and how the crisis affects other sectors.
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Barnholdt, Samuel. „Implementation and performance analysis of GraphQL schema delegation“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447693.
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GraphQL schema delegation is the name of the architectural pattern of delegating queries from one GraphQL server to another. This project aimed to find different methods and techniques for implementing schema delegation, implement one of them and evaluate the performance. Few methods were found, and the npm library graphql-tools was seemingly the only dedicated tool available to implement schema delegation. One GraphQL server was automatically generated with a tool called Hasura. graphql-tools was used to implement another server, delegating to the automatically generated server. Tests were run with the help of the resources from the Linköping GraphQL benchmark. The automatically generated server served as a baseline. Test results found that, overall,the delegating server had significantly worse performance than the generated server. There were, however, some test results where the servers had similar performance. We conclude that there seem to be situations where graphql-tools perform well and suggest methods to increase the performance in areas where graphql-tools do not performwell. We also suggest implementing GraphQL schema delegation without the use of any tools.
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Cutler, Bryant Gordon. „Simple, Secure, Selective Delegation in Online Identify Systems“. Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2515.pdf.
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