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Rudin, Deniz. „Embedded Rising Declaratives and Embedded Quotation“. Semantics and Linguistic Theory 29 (09.12.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v29i0.4594.
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Declarative sentences uttered with rising intonation are used to ask biased questions. Do they share a denotation with interrogatives, despite their declarative form? Or do they serve as requests for information despite sharing a denotation with other declaratives? This paper explores the behavior of rising declaratives embedded under rogative speech-act verbs, and shows them to be invariably quotative. As such, these observations might just as likely pose problems for the semantics of embedded quotation under rogative verbs as for the semantics of rising declaratives. This paper pursues the former path.
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Sumaniari, Ni Wayan Rosi, Dewa Putu Ramendra und Gede Mahendrayana. „An Analysis of Speech Acts in Merry Riana : Mimpi Sejuta Dollar Movie“. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris undiksha 9, Nr. 1 (13.06.2021): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpbi.v9i1.34189.
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People rarely know the function of the language used in the film. This study analyzes speech acts in a dialogue film entitled Merry Riana: Dreams of a Million Dollars. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. Data were analyzed from the form of speech acts consisting of direct and indirect speech acts in the form of declarative, imperative, and interrogative. The type of speech act analysis uses Searle's theory of representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declaration. The result of this research is that direct speech act in interrogative form is 43.63%. Direct speech acts in the declarative form are 95 (43.18%), direct speech acts in the imperative form are 24 (10.90%), indirect speech acts in the imperative form are 2 (0.9%), indirect speech acts in imperative form as much as 2 (0.9%). interrogative form is 2 (0.9%), and indirect speech act in declarative form is 1 (0.45%). Furthermore, 74 utterances are analyzed into five types of speech acts. The most dominant representative used 36 (48.6%). Then followed by directive 21 (28.3%), expressive 14 (18.9%), commissive 3 (4.0%), and declarative 0 (0.0%). This research implies that understanding speech acts plays an important role in communication.
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van Elswyk, Peter. „Representing Knowledge“. Philosophical Review 130, Nr. 1 (01.01.2021): 97–143. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00318108-8699695.
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A speaker's use of a declarative sentence in a context has two effects: it expresses a proposition and represents the speaker as knowing that proposition. This article is about how to explain the second effect. The standard explanation is act-based. A speaker is represented as knowing because their use of a declarative in a context tokens the act-type of assertion and assertions represent knowledge in what's asserted. In this article, a semantic explanation is proposed according to which declaratives covertly host a know-parenthetical. A speaker is thereby represented as knowing the proposition expressed because that is the semantic contribution of the parenthetical. This view is called PARENTHETICALISM. The article contends that parentheticalism better explains knowledge representation than alternatives. As a consequence of outperforming assertoric explanations, parentheticalism opens the door to altogether eliminating the act-type of assertion from linguistic theorizing.
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Utami, Peby, Ibnu Iqbal, Farhan Najmi und Emeliya Sukma Dara Damanik. „SPEECH ACT IN BARACK OBAMA’S SPEECH“. JALL (Journal of Applied Linguistics and Literacy) 6, Nr. 2 (15.09.2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/jall.v6i2.7667.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze Barack Obama's usage of speech acts in speech "A More Perfect Union”. The method used in this research is qualitative research. The data were collected and analyzed by collecting and classifying the utterances that are relevant to Searle’s theory on speech act’s classification. Based on the findings, the researchers discover three directives, four commisives, fifteen representatives, one declarative, and five expressives in the speech. The representative is the most common and declarative is the least common.
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Sophia, Theresia Cicik, Luki Saptiko und Siti Musarokah. „Illocutionary Act Found on Character Arthur Fleck’s in Joker Movie“. SALEE: Study of Applied Linguistics and English Education 2, Nr. 2 (28.07.2021): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35961/salee.v2i02.272.
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This study is focused on the illocutionary acts found on Arthur Fleck’s dialogues in Joker (2019) movie. The objectives of this study are (1) to find out the types of illocutionary acts used by the character Arthur in Joker movie and (2) to find out the dominant types of illocutionary acts used by the character Arthur in Joker movie and what that means. To reach those objectives of study, the writers use Searle (2002) theory to conduct the study. There are five types of illocutionary acts according to Searle (2002). They are assertive, directive, commisive, expressive, and declarative. This study used qualitative design because it is framed in terms of using words instead of numbers. The result of data finding shows that there were 52 utterances done by Arthur Fleck indicates as illocutionary acts. The illocutionary types found are assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. There are 8 utterances categorized as assertives type, 27 utterances categorized as directives type, 4 utterances categorized as commissive type, 9 utterances categorized as expressives type, and 4 utterances categorized as declaratives type. Directive type is the dominant type found in Arthur’s utterances.
Keywords: Pragmatic, Illocutionary Acts, Joker (2019) Movie.
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Khodijah, Siti. „Illocutionary Act in Political Debate“. Journal of Language Intelligence and Culture 1, Nr. 03 (28.12.2020): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/jlic.v1i03.39.
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This study analyzes illocutionary act in political debate that was conducted by general election commision on March, 30 2019. This debate was about ideology, government, security and defense, and international relationship. In this research, Searle’s theory was used who classified five types of illocutionary act; representative, directive, commisive, expressive, and declarative. This research used descriptive qualitative. The main focus of this study is to get deep understanding and interpretation how the politicians argue each other using illocutionary act. The results of this study suggested that both of the candidates of president did not use all of the illocutionary act types proposed by Searle. The three illocutionary acts used by both of the candidates are, representative, directive, commissive. Meanwhile, another type of illocutionary acts used by one of the candidates is declarative, while another one used expressive.
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Khodijah, Siti. „Illocutionary Act in Political Debate“. Journal of Language Intelligence and Culture 2, Nr. 2 (28.12.2020): 141–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35719/jlic.v2i2.39.
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This study analyzes illocutionary act in political debate that was conducted by general election commision on March, 30 2019. This debate was about ideology, government, security and defense, and international relationship. In this research, Searle’s theory was used who classified five types of illocutionary act; representative, directive, commisive, expressive, and declarative. This research used descriptive qualitative. The main focus of this study is to get deep understanding and interpretation how the politicians argue each other using illocutionary act. The results of this study suggested that both of the candidates of president did not use all of the illocutionary act types proposed by Searle. The three illocutionary acts used by both of the candidates are, representative, directive, commissive. Meanwhile, another type of illocutionary acts used by one of the candidates is declarative, while another one used expressive.
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Hakim, Juhariyah Nur. „An Analysis on Pragmatic Force of Declarative Utterances Used by the Main Character in Mona Lisa Smile Movie and its Implication on Language Teaching“. Journal of Pragmatics Research 1, Nr. 2 (12.11.2019): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/jopr.v1i2.166-175.
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This research uses a descriptive qualitative method. The source of the data are document (the authentic manuscript) and video of “Mona Lisa Smile” film. The goals of this research are (1) to identify the contexts of declarative utterances uttered by the main character (Katherine Wattson) in the film entitled “Mona Lisa Smile”, (2) to explain the pragmatic forces of declarative utterances. To find the pragmatic forces of declarative utterances in the film entitled “Mona Lisa Smile” the researcher identifies the context of each datum in declarative utterance based on Austin’s classification of act performance in language. There are 69 utterances in the film, then the researcher randomly takes 35 utterances of declarative utterances to be analyzed. The results of this research are, that (1) In every utterance, context has important role in determine the meaning of the utterance, (2) The hearer’s response to Katherine Watson’s declarative utterances varies. The hearer’s response can be in forms of a statement, question, act and sometimes silence to Katherine utterances, (3) From the 35 of declarative utterances that have been uttered by Katherine Watson there are 13 kinds of force: consisting of insisting, claiming, complaining, apologizing, requesting, appointing, ordering, warning, suggesting, blaming, sentencing, asking, and advising. The implications of this research on teaching and learning activity are, (1) the pragmatic force of declarative utterances can be used as teacher’s classroom instruction, and (2) the pragmatic force of declarative utterances can be used as a teaching material. Keywords: pragmatic, speech act, illocution, declarative
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Murty, V. P., S. DuBrow und L. Davachi. „The Simple Act of Choosing Influences Declarative Memory“. Journal of Neuroscience 35, Nr. 16 (22.04.2015): 6255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.4181-14.2015.
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Mustikasari, Rr Dewi Wahyu. „The Structure of Teacher’s Directives of the English Lecturers of Muhammadiyah University Semarang“. Register Journal 4, Nr. 2 (01.07.2016): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v4i2.147-162.
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Teacher’s directive is an interesting item to discuss since it can be elaborated into command, order, request, and advice. Furthermore, it can be developed that teacher’s directive has several structures. The structure of teacher’s directives can be classified into three kinds: imperative, interrogative, and declarative. I would like to discuss about the various forms by which directives are realized in the classroom in this study. The subjects of the study were 10 English lecturers of Muhammadiyah University Semarang. The instrument of the study is DCT questionnaires, which is consisted of 10 certain situations. The result shows that most of the subjects of study prefer to produce declarative with 74 utterances (50%). Second, they choose imperative with 50 utterances (34%). Next, they construct interrogative with 23 utterances (16%). Declaratives provide powerful directives than the other types. Declaratives gain an explicit expression. Teachers like to use declaratives, since declaratives are understandable. It will minimize the misinterpretation from the students. keywords; illocutionary act; directives; teacher’s directives; the structure of teacher’s directives.
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Smedley, Georgia A., und Steve G. Sutton. „Explanation Provision in Knowledge-Based Systems: A Theory-Driven Approach for Knowledge Transfer Designs“. Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting 1, Nr. 1 (01.01.2004): 41–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jeta.2004.1.1.41.
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Knowledge-Based Systems (KBS) have been used in industry to free experts from mundane and routine decision making, to produce comparable and consistent decisions, and to retain the expertise of knowledgeable employees who may, for many reasons, leave a company. KBS are also desired to have the capacity to transfer knowledge to less-expert users of such systems. In this paper, Adaptive Character of Thought-Rational (ACT-R) theory is used as a foundation for the design of KBS explanations for the explicit purpose of facilitating knowledge transfer to the user. ACT-R (Anderson 1993) is a theory of cognitive skill acquisition that suggests a learner must first obtain certain facts about a new learning situation (declarative memory pieces) and then convert a series of facts into a set of rules that will produce accurate problem-solving skills (procedural memory pieces). Prior research has examined pieces of the ACT theory in its earlier forms, but no comprehensive tests examining the simultaneous effect of the multiple components have previously been completed. The current study addresses three questions based on ACT-R theory: (1) Can declarative-knowledge-based explanations improve declarative knowledge transfer? (2) Can declarative-knowledge-based explanations improve procedural knowledge transfer? (3) Can procedural-knowledge-based explanations improve procedural knowledge transfer? An experiment employing eight KBS, differing by types of KBS explanation prompts, which were designed to stimulate declarative and/or procedural knowledge transfer, was conducted with 294 accounting information systems students. An analysis of the results provides some support for the use of declarative-based KBS explanations for declarative knowledge transfer, strong support for the use of declarative-based KBS explanations for procedural knowledge transfer, but a lack of support for the use of procedural-based KBS explanations for procedural knowledge transfer. The results suggest that organizations may be able to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of training programs for knowledge workers through the application of KBS that include declarative knowledge-based explanations.
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Supriyono, Areni Yulitawati, Ida Zulaeha und Tommi Yuniawan. „The Humanist Expressive Speech Acts of Journalists in the Covid-19 Outbreak“. Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 9, Nr. 3 (31.12.2020): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/seloka.v9i3.41945.
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This research aims to analyze the humanist expressive speech acts of journalists in the covid-19 outbreak. The data collection technique was carried out by using the free non-participatory technique. The sources of data are the journalists’ utterances on YouTube in the covid-19 Outbreak. The humanist expressive speech act forms used by journalists, is 58% used the direct speech act forms with imperative, interrogative, and declarative modes; and 42% forms of indirect speech acts were declarative-imperative and declarative-interrogative modes. Results of this study shows that journalists use the forms of direct speech acts with declarative mode mostly. The form of indirect speech acts with the declarative-imperative mode are mostly used by the journalists. This research is important to be a journalist's guide so that the utterances spoken can be accepted by the society in the covid-19 outbreak
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Juanda. „Illocutionary Speech Act in Comic during the Covid-19 Pandemic“. Proceeding of International Conference on Business, Economics, Social Sciences, and Humanities 2 (01.12.2021): 468–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/icobest.v2i.307.
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This article discusses illocutionary speech acts in comics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is to get an overview of declarative illocutionary speech acts in comics with the theme of covid-19. The declarative illocutionary function is to express something that shows disappointment, dislike, and pleasure. The research method used is a descriptive method, which describes the illocutions found in comics during the COVID-19 pandemic. The data sources used are ten sources from ten online sources. The findings show that in the comic there are declarative illocutionary speech acts that show disappointment, dislike, and pleasure. The impact of this research is that a message can be conveyed through many media, one of which is through comics. The meaning of the speech in a comic can show disappointment or joy. Therefore, language speakers can explore their ideas through various media so that it will look more varied and the message can be conveyed more interestingly
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Widianto, Eko, Suparno Suparno und Teguh Sarosa. „ANALYSIS ON PRAGMATIC FORCE OF DECLARATIVE UTTERANCES IN FILM ENTITLED “AVATAR”“. English Education 4, Nr. 1 (30.09.2015): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/eed.v4i1.34710.
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<p>This is a descriptive qualitative research. The data sources are thevmanuscript and video of “Avatar” film. From the sources, the researcher takes 40 declarative utterances uttered by the main character (Jake Sully) to be analyzed. The research goals are 1) to identify the contexts of declarative utterances, 2) to identify the hearer’s responses of declarative utterances, 3) to explain the pragmatic force of declarative utterances viewed from the illocutionary force. Before define the force, the researcher explains the context for a better understanding about the speaker’s intention. The results of this research are, 1) every utterance has its own context: situation, participants, ends, act sequence, key, instrumentalities, norms, and genre, 2) the hearer’s responses are words response and act response, 3) utterance’s function reflects the pragmatic force, those 40 declarative utterances bring various forces; suggesting, appointing, reporting, requesting, claiming, thanking, asking, complaining, apologizing, confirming, blaming, ordering, advising, and sentencing.</p>
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Asghar, Samina Ali, Tayyabba Yasmin und Aniqa Rashid. „Pragmatic Analysis of Textbooks on the Basis of Speech Acts“. Review of Education, Administration & LAW 4, Nr. 2 (25.06.2021): 503–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.47067/real.v4i2.164.
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This study investigatesfive speech acts of declaratives ,expressives, representatives, directives and commisives in three English textbooks at the level of III, IV and V published by Punjab Text Book Board Lahore in order to show whether theyareappropriate on pragmatic level for EFL learners or not. The results of the study reveal that thedistribution of all the speech acts is not equal both within each textbook andamong textbooks at all three levels. Among five speech acts, representative speech act occursthe most frequently in all textbooks while commissiveis the least used speech act. None of the books uses any speech act of declarative. This study implies that EFL teachers and materials designers shouldconsider pragmaticaspectsto improve the quality of both learning and instruction.
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Dewi, Munawati, und Fenny Yutika Seli. „The Speech Act Analysis of Cyberbullying on Instagram“. PEDAGOGIC: Indonesian Journal of Science Education and Technology 2, Nr. 2 (30.12.2023): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.54373/ijset.v2i2.103.
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This study aimed to address two research questions concerning the frequency of illocution-related speech acts in connection with cyberbullying on Instagram. Data were collected from 100 comments on four Instagram accounts, and the analysis was done using the speech acts approach. The findings revealed that the speech act most frequently used in connection with cyberbullying on Instagram is the declarative type. Declarative speech acts are employed to create new names and terms, make official announcements, and follow ceremonial events. However, when used in the context of cyberbullying, these speech acts can have a detrimental impact on the victims. The study highlights the growing prevalence of cyberbullying on social media platforms like Instagram and its negative effects on victims. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding speech acts in the context of cyberbullying to improve communication and create a safer online environment.
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Dewi, Munawati, und Fenny Yutika Seli. „The Speech Act Analysis of Cyberbullying on Instagram“. PEDAGOGIC: Indonesian Journal of Science Education and Technology 3, Nr. 2 (30.12.2023): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54373/ijset.v3i2.103.
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This study aimed to address two research questions concerning the frequency of illocution-related speech acts in connection with cyberbullying on Instagram. Data were collected from 100 comments on four Instagram accounts, and the analysis was done using the speech acts approach. The findings revealed that the speech act most frequently used in connection with cyberbullying on Instagram is the declarative type. Declarative speech acts are employed to create new names and terms, make official announcements, and follow ceremonial events. However, when used in the context of cyberbullying, these speech acts can have a detrimental impact on the victims. The study highlights the growing prevalence of cyberbullying on social media platforms like Instagram and its negative effects on victims. It also emphasizes the importance of understanding speech acts in the context of cyberbullying to improve communication and create a safer online environment.
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Zai, Theresia Fransiska, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti und Dian Marisha Putri. „Determining Illocutionary Act with VARIES Models“. LingPoet: Journal of Linguistics and Literary Research 2, Nr. 2 (31.05.2021): 64–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/lingpoet.v2i2.5764.
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Research on the use of language is growing over time as many theories of language use are found. Language is no longer just for communicating but identifying something either implicitly or not. This paper discusses the language use to identify the act of utterance by knowing the context and social background in panel discussion conducted by descriptive qualitative approach with content analysis method and focused on language use based on the phenomenon of the panel discussion. The data in this study was in the form of utterance containing lexical items which is used to refer to speakers’ language uses in conveying social background and action. This research applied sociopragmatic approach to analyze speakers' social background using VARIES Model theory and speakers's meaning using Illocutionary Act theory through language use. The result of this study shows that vocational language can determine acts such as representative, expressive, directive speech act; age language to directive speech act; religion language to representative, directive and expressive speech act; informality language to representative, expressive and declarative speech act; education background to representative, directive, expressive, commissive speech act; sex language to representative, directive, commissive, expressive and declarative speech act
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Riani, Findi. „An Analysis of Illocutionary act in Avengers Infinity War Movie“. English Language, Linguistics, Literature, And Education Journal 4, Nr. 1 (28.02.2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30631/ellture.v5i1.35.
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This research discusses the illocutionary act in Avengers: Infinity War characters conversation. The aim of this research is to find the kind of illocutionary act and the function of the illocutionary act performs by the character in Avengers: Infinity War movie. The methodology used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. This method requires script and dialogue from the characters in the movie to collect the data then determine the kind of illocutionary act and the function of it based on Searle’s theory. The result of this research is 20 data containing all kinds of illocutionary act which are five data of representative, five data of commissive, five data of directive, four data of expressive, and one data of declarative. The author also found 20 functions of the utterances of five kinds of illocutionary act uttered by the characters in the movie. The most uttered illocutionary acts in the movie are representative, directive, and commisive. The least illocutionary act in the movie is declarative.
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Hijriati, Sartika. „Speech Act Analysis in Sorong Serah Aji Krama at Sasak Traditional Wedding“. TSAQOFAH 1, Nr. 3 (30.11.2021): 128–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.58578/tsaqofah.v1i3.340.
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Sorong serah aji krama is one of important traditional wedding ceremonies in Lombok, Indonesia. This paper investigated the illocutionary speech acts of Pembayun in sorong serah aji krama at sasak traditional wedding in Bonjeruk village. This study designed as descriptive qualitative research. The data source of this study was collected through video recording, interview, and note-taking. The result of the study shows five types of illocutionary speech acts: assertive, directive, commissive, and expressive. There are no data shows the existence of declarative illocutionary act in this research. Therefore, the percentage of speech act found: assertive 57.14%, directive 14.28%, commissive 4.76%, expressive 23.80%, and declarative 0%.
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Fitriani, Siti Sarah, Diana Achmad und Fitria Rasmita. „An analysis of illocutionary acts in a fantasy movie“. Studies in English Language and Education 7, Nr. 1 (02.03.2020): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/siele.v7i1.13635.
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This study aims to find out the types and the most dominant illocutionary acts used by the main character in a fantasy movie, ‘Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secret’. A descriptive qualitative study was done by observing the utterances spoken by the main character in the movie. The spoken utterances were then analysed based on the types of illocutionary acts, namely: representative, directive, commissive, expressive and declarative. The results of the study showed that out of the five, only four types of illocutionary acts were found in the movie, they are representative, directive, expressive, and commissive. The most frequently illocutionary act used is directive (47.64%), while the least frequently used is commissive (4.19%). The directive forces used by the main character are varied. Directives are used get the hearers to do something, where in the movie, he often used asking and ordering. Meanwhile, declarative is not employed by the main character since performing declarative act needs authorities and status; this act is used to change the world through utterances. But the main character in this movie do not have any certain status or authority in any position at the magic school he attended, he is a student, still new with the magic world and do not have much power. This is why declarative was not found in the utterances of the main character.
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Rababah, Luqman. „Speech Act Analysis of Whatsapp Statuses Used by Jordanians“. Review of European Studies 12, Nr. 2 (30.04.2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v12n2p28.
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This qualitative study aims at investigating the WhatsApp statuses as used by Jordanians. It also investigates the types of speech acts used in these statuses. For this purpose, the study has collected and analyzed 200 statuses. The population of the study included all English language students of Jadadra University, where the sample of the study included (50) students, representing 20 % of the whole population. The results showed that data were classified into six main topics; religious, social, political, personal, romantic and national. Additionally, five themes emerged from the data, namely, expressive, directive, assertive, commissive and declaration. Expressive speech acts represent (37 %) of the total speech acts types analyzed. The directive took the second place, representing (25%) of the total status update analyzed. The assertive and commisive fall into the third and fourth position representing (23%) and (15%) respectively. The declarative type has the no occurrences representing (0 %) of the analyzed data. Some of the recommendations suggested are that further research needs to be conducted into the speech acts used by Jordanians on different social networking platforms.
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Sabrian, Rahmadani. „Women’s Speech In A State of Anger: A Neuropragmatic Study“. JURNAL ARBITRER 6, Nr. 1 (25.05.2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/ar.6.1.15-27.2019.
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This research aims to describe and to translate the emotional prosody patterns through Praat program and also to describe types of speech acts used by female characters in an emotional state in the film ‘7 Hati 7 Cinta 7 Wanita’. Emotional prosody of speech is analyzed by using the Praat program, which is then classified into types of particular speech acts. The emotional prosody patterns can be seen in the melodic accent and the temporal accent. In the melodic accent, speech that uses declarative and interrogative mode makes the tone flow increased, and the speech that uses imperative mode makes the tone flow decreased. In the temporal accent, the speeches with the longest and the shortest anger emotions are the ones that use declarative mode. Next, the woman character is known to use four types of speech act when getting angry, which are; literal direct speech act, non-literal direct speech act, literal indirect speech act, non-literal indirect speech act.
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Alves, Pedro M. S. „Frases não-declarativas e comunicação nas Investigações Lógicas de Husserl“. Phainomenon 16-17, Nr. 1 (01.10.2008): 9–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/phainomenon-2008-0012.
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Abstract In this paper I discuss the consistency and accuracy of Husserl’s sketch of a theory about non-declarative sentences in the last chapter of Logical Investigations. Whereas the consistency is acknowledged, the accuracy is denied, because Husserl’s treatment of non-declarative phrases such as questions or orders implies that those phrases contain, in some way, a declarative sentence and an objectifying act. To construct a question like “is A B?” as being equivalent to a pseudo-declarative sentence such as “I ask whether A is B” is, however, a false phenomenological analysis, because to ask o r to order or to beg is not to assert. I turn, then, to John Austin ‘s theory of performative (as opposed to constatative) utterances and illocutionary acts in order to find a more accurate approach to the logical-semantic content of non-declarative sentences. Eventually, I show how this Husserlian theory of non-declarative sentences has a negative impact on the phenomenological theory of social ·acts and communication.
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Pulungan, Febrina Sanjo, und Ambalegin Ambalegin. „DECLARATIVE ILLOCUTIONARY ACTS UTTERED IN “CRUELLA” MOVIE“. JURNAL BASIS 9, Nr. 1 (13.04.2022): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33884/basisupb.v9i1.4606.
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This research aimed at finding out the types of declarative illocutionary acts in the “Cruella” movie. The utterances of the characters were taken to be data of this research. It was analyzed by applying the types of declarative. The method of collecting the data was the observational method and non-participatory technique. In analyzing the data, the researchers used the pragmatic identity method and pragmatic competence- in equalizing. The results found out that there were 15 utterances of declarative acts uttered in “Cruella” movie. There were 15 declarative illocutionary acts uttered in the movie. The characters uttered declarative acts of a sentence, excommunicate, approve, and fire. There were some data in the movie, namely one data of sentence, four data of excommunicate, seven data of approve and three data of fire. It was found that the dominant type was the declarative act of approve. It became as dominant type because there were many utterances that needed to be approved by the speaker.
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Zhang, Keding. „cognitive-pragmatic account of the English imperative-conditional construction“. East Asian Pragmatics 1, Nr. 2 (11.11.2016): 251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/eap.v1i2.29484.
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The imperative-conditional construction (ICC) in English is a type of construction which consists of an ordinary imperative clause and an ordinary declarative clause connected by the connective and or or. This article deals with the speaker intentions of ICCs and their motivations from a cognitive-pragmatic approach. Based on the concept of construction in cognitive linguistics, an ICC can be called a complex symbolic structure which, though composed of two components, should be regarded as a single pragmatic processing unit. It is demonstrated that, in everyday communication, the ICC can usually convey three kinds of speaker intentions: a prohibitive intention, an inducing/forcing intention, and an advisory intention. The first refers to the intention of the speaker to prohibit the hearer from carrying out the act described by the imperative. The second is the intention of the speaker to induce or force the hearer to bring about the act described by the imperative. The third refers to the intention of the speaker to advise the hearer to carry out the act described by the imperative. These speaker intentions are highly motivated. The motivations include the constructional context, the conditional relation between the imperative and the declarative, the directive force of the imperative, the pragmatic enrichment of the declarative, and the complementary and interactive relationship between the imperative and declarative clauses, among which the constructional context serves as an overall motivation, and the rest may be seen as specific motivations.
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Mohammed, Wafaa Dahham. „Categorizing Declarative Speech Acts in English – Arabic Political Translation: A Pragmatic Study“. Journal of University of Human Development 5, Nr. 3 (08.07.2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n3y2019.pp49-56.
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Declarative speech acts are those acts that affect immediate changes in the world via their utterance. The specification of declarative speech acts raises problematic area as not all declarative utterances serve out performatively. The specificity of pragmatic conditions of declarative acts lead to another problem in that setting out the same function and affecting the same immediate change would not similarly be lexicalized in the two different natural languages. Therefore, declarative speech acts will pose difficulties for translators if they are unaware of categorizing their pragmatic conditions appropriately and integrating their process interpreting with affecting immediate perlocutionary purposively. Accordingly, it aims at: 1) setting some felicity conditions for determining sensibly whether the specified declarative expressions serve out performatively as genuine declarative acts or not. 2-Examining whether English declarative acts are perceived performatively in Arabic. 3- Exercising to what extents do the translators transfer declarative intentioned effects. and 4- Proposing certain pragmatic parameters for interpreting situational bounded expressions and providing some remedies for mistranslated verbs. The objective of the study is fairly confined to a number of declarative acts selected from dialogues, comments, statements and debates of English TV (e.g. Al-Jazeera TV, BBC, among many others). The main result shows that declarative acts are performatively influenced by contextual nature. The result also shows that many declarative expressions can alternatively name different illocutionary act. From functional perspective, the perception of English declarative acts is different from the Arabic one. Thus, the most accurate rendering of declarations is based on the correspondence between perception and immediate perloctionary affects.
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Suryanovika, Citra, und Irma Manda Negara. „SPEECH ACTS OF THE BRONTE SISTERS’ CHARACTERS“. HUMANIKA 25, Nr. 2 (04.12.2018): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/humanika.v25i2.20519.
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The study was under descriptive qualitative research to identify the most dominant speech act of the Bronte Sisters’ characters. The researchers collected 3,322 utterances from six characters of Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre (Jane Eyre and Edward Rochester), Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights (Heathcliff and Catherine Earnshaw), and Anne Bronte’s The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (Gilbert Markham and Helen Graham). MAXQDA 2018 supported the data analysis procedure; thus, coding was used in identifying speech acts. After coding implemented, the researchers analyzed the coding by using qualitative and quantitave compare groups, as well as document comparison chart in MAXQDA 2018 to check the most dominant use of speech acts in all characters. The study found that directive speech act is the most dominant speech act found in the Bronte sisters’ characters, while the declarative speech act is the least speech act. Speech acts of the Bronte sisters’ characters was expressed in declarative, interrogative and imperative forms. Besides, speech acts in these novels highlight the use of address term, epithet, expression (verb, adjective, modal verbs), exclamation, conditional clauses, hedges and affirmative answer.
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Dewi, Ida Ayu Putu Arini, I. Nyoman Kardana und I. Nyoman Muliana. „Functions of Speech Acts in “Critical Eleven”“. RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 6, Nr. 1 (28.04.2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.6.1.1275.1-6.
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This study aims to examine the speech act functions found in the “Critical Eleven” film and reveal the conversational implicatures used by the film actors. To actualise this aims, this study was conducted using qualitative research designs and by making the speech act theory of (Levinson, 1983) and the speech act function theory of Searle (1979) as the basis for examining the speech act functions in the said film according to its type. The data were collected using the simak method, a method similar to observation one accompanied by an act of scrutinizing speeches of the actors in the film “Critical Eleven”. The oral data were collected from the conversations then transcribed into written data. The data analysis result are presented informally or descriptively. The results of data analysis showed there are five speech act functions in the film, namely representative, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. The representative function is manifested in the act of giving witness, acknowledging, and stating. The directive one includes the act of asking, and urging. Commissive function includes expressing abilities and promising. Expressive function includes blaming, praising, and congratulating. Declarative function is manifested in the act of prohibiting. Examining the function and meaning of speech acts in the film “Critical Eleven” from the perspective of sociolinguistics is an important topic to raise in further research.
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Sumarti, Sumarti, Rian Andri Prasetya und Novita Maharani. „ILOCUTIONARY ACTS IN THE DIALOG OF CEMARA FAMILY FILM CHARACTERS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING IN HIGH SCHOOL“. Jurnal Kata : Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pembelajarannya 10, Nr. 1 (2022): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/kata.v10.i1.202204.
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The purpose of this study is to decribe the illocutionary acts contained in the film Keluarga Cemara and their implications for learning Indonesian in senior high school. This study used descriptive qualitative methods. The technique used in this research is the free-of-conversation listening technique (SBLC) followed by the note-taking technique. The data analysis technique used in this research is heuristic data analysis technique. The results showed that there were types of illocutionary acts in the film dialog of Keluarga Cemara, which consisted of assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative speech acts. The illocutionary acts are spoken either directly or indirectly using declarative, imperative, and interrogative speech modes. The dominating illocutionary act is the directive illocutionary act. The dominant speech form is the direct speech act. This research is implicated as an Indonesian language learning material in class XI senior high school regarding drama texts.
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Rahman, Ahmad Fadilahtur. „TUTUR PUJIAN GURU DALAM INTERAKSI PEMBELAJARAN DI KELAS“. LINGUA: Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching 13, Nr. 1 (03.04.2016): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v13i1.10.
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This study aimed to describe the form and function apreciation speech act in the interaction in the classroom. This study used descriptive qualitative approach. From the research found a form of apreciation speech act in the learning interaction in the form of declarative sentences, sentence introgatif, and imperative sentences. While the function of speech act earned praise for smoothing function apreciation, smoothes warning, advise, and provide reinforcement.
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Putu Nindhya Nirmala, I Nyoman Kardana und Agus Darma Yoga Pratama. „Speech Acts Variation in Social Media Instagram @punapibali“. RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 7, Nr. 2 (19.10.2021): 180–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.7.2.3199.180-184.
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This research aims to examine the speech act functions found on Instagram @punapibali and describe the types of speech acts used by the informant and news writer. Thus, this study was conducted using the qualitative descriptive method and by using the pragmatics fundamentals proposed by Wijana (1996) and the speech act function theory of Searle (1979) as the basis for examining the speech act functions used by the informant and news writer according to its type. The data were collected through the observation method accompanied by an act of scrutinizing speeches and sentences of the informant and news writer @punapibali. The oral data were collected from the conversations use to know the intonation and tone of the speech delivered. The data analysis results are presented descriptively. The results of data analysis showed there are 40 types of speech acts used in the caption of Instagram @punapibali. The expressive function is manifested in the act of asking for an apology, thanking someone, and congratulating someone. The directive function includes the act of asking, suggesting, advising, and urging. The commissive function includes expressing abilities and promising. The assertive function includes notifying, affirming, and stating. The declarative function is manifested in the act of declaration.
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I.A.P.A.D.P., Putri, Ramendra D.P. und Swandana I W. „AN ANALYSIS OF SPEECH ACT USED IN HARRY POTTER AND THE GOBLET OF FIRE MOVIE“. International Journal of Language and Literature 3, Nr. 2 (10.06.2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ijll.v3i2.20845.
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This research aimed at analyzing the speech act used in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire movie. This research was conducted in descriptive qualitative. The primary sources of data were utterances in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire movie. This research also used its movie script as a secondary source. The data were collected through observation and documentation techniques and analyzed through the stages of data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion. The research result showed that the utterances have locutionary act or took the form of declarative, interrogative, imperative and exclamation and those were used to express the direct/indirect illocutionary act of declarative, representative, expressive, directive and commissive. Besides, the use of theforms and their illocutionary acts brought about the result of the perlocutionary acts of belief, annoyance, surprise, enlightenment, confirmation, rejection, obedience, information, happiness/satisfaction, and action. This research enriched the knowledge and understanding of the variety of structures, functions, effects, and classification of language in society.
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Rieser, Lukas. „Quality of commitment: Japanese daroo as a speech act operator“. Investigationes Linguisticae 41 (11.12.2019): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2018.41.10.
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This paper proposes a compositional analysis of the meaning of Japanese daroo-utterances with declarative and interrogative force, and final rising and falling intonation. Daroo is analyzed in a framework for speech act felicity as an operator lowering the quality threshold for felicitous assertion. The conveyed meanings of conjecture, confirmation, and doubt uses of darooutterances are predicted from modification of the respective speech act types’ felicity conditions by daroo.
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Rostiana, Heva, und Ari Fajria Novari. „A Speech Act Analysis of an Interview Podcast between Siti Fadilah and Deddy Corbuzier on YouTube“. MENDIDIK: Jurnal Kajian Pendidikan dan Pengajaran 7, Nr. 2 (01.10.2021): 189–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30653/003.202172.187.
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This research aimed to investigate and analyze the speech acts utterances, especially in illocutionary types happened in an interview podcast between Siti Fadilah and Deddy Corbuzier on YouTube. The research conducted a descriptive qualitative method. The data in this research was in the speech act uterances used Siti Fadilah and Dedy Corbuzier which contains elements of illocutionary speech acts. Based on the analysis result, the authors analyzed 107 data of illocutionary speech acts. In this research, the authors found 5 types of illocutionary speech acts which used in an interview podcast between Siti Fadilah and Deddy Corbuzier on YouTube. Those are; assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. The percentage of illocutionary speech act happened in an interview podcast between Siti Fadilah and Deddy Corbuzier on YouTube: assertive (70,09%), directive (3,73%), commissive (0,9%), expressive (0,93%), and declarative (24,30%).
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Fitriani, A. „EXPLORING ILLOCUTIONARY ACT OF OPRAH WINFREY AND J.K. ROWLING IN OPRAH WINFREY SHOW EXCLUSIVE“. EXPOSURE : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS 11, Nr. 1 (02.06.2022): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.26618/exposure.v11i1.7265.
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Illocutionary act is one type of speech acts which refers to the attempt to accomplish some communicative purpose and the extra meaning of the utterance produced on the basis of its literal meaning. This paper investigated the illocutionary act in talk show used by Oprah Winfrey and J.K Rowling. The focus of this paper is to explore the five types of illocutionary act used in utterances of Oprah Winfrey and J.K Rowling. Those five types are representative (reporting, stating, and concluding), directive (ordering, asking and requesting), commissive (offering, promising, and pledging), expressive (praising, thanking, and apologizing), and declarative (deciding). The writer used qualitative method. To collect the data, the writer transcribed the utterances of talk show and analyzed the context and classifications of illocutionary act by using discourse analysis approach. The illocutionary act used by Oprah Winfrey and J.K Rowling in talk show were analyzed based on the theory of Searle (1969). The findings showed that the utterances in talk show often use questions from Winfrey as the interviewer while Rowling as the interviewee produced the clear utterances. Findings exemplified the utterances such as thank you, pretty good, and I couldn’t stop that can be categorized as thanking in representative, praising in expressive, and deciding in declarative.
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Dezas Perdani, Yella. „Investigation of Illocutionary Acts Uttered by the Characters tn the Brave Movie“. Humaniora 14, Nr. 1 (10.01.2023): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/humaniora.v14i1.8018.
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The research aimed to determine the sorts and most prevalent illocutionary acts used by the characters in the Brave animated movie. The illocutionary act was defined as the purpose for which the speaker utters something. The research focused on the main character and the entire conversation between each character in the movie. The research applied a qualitative method where the data were taken from the script uttered by all of the characters in the Brave movie who uttered the illocutionary acts. The data collection technique was done in five steps; made the data analyzing format, watched the movie and searched the script, read the script repeatedly, identified the utterances, and classified the utterances and meaning into the illocutionary act. The basic theory used was the illocutionary act proposed by Searle and Austin. There were 85 illocutionary acts found in Brave movie, and it was divided into five classifications: representative, directive, expressive, declarative, and commissive. The result shows that there are 10 (11,76%) representative acts, 42 (49,41) directive acts, 0 the commissive act, 19 (22,35%) expressive acts, and 10 (11,76%) declarative acts. As a result, directives are the illocutionary acts that predominate in Brave movie.
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Muzakki, Kholid Akhmad, Ahmad Rizza Firdaus und Annisa’ Fatmayanti. „Tindak Tutur Tak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)“. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, Nr. 1 (16.08.2018): 96–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/nzh.v1i1.44.
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Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act. The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is Surah Al-Kahfi. In the Surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.
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Oktadistio, Fyngky, Mazrul Aziz und Zahrida . „AN ANALYSIS OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS PERFORMED BY MAIN CHARACTER IN THE MOVIE REVENANT SCRIPT“. Journal of English Education and Teaching 2, Nr. 1 (07.06.2018): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/jeet.2.1.59-67.
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This Research Entitled “An Analysis Of Direct And Indirect Speech Acts Performed By Main Character In The Movie Revenant Script”. This research was a descriptive analysis that discusses direct and indirect speech acts in movie script entitled ‘The Revenant.’ In analyzing the script, there was used theory by Yule (1996).The data in this research based on main characters’ utterances. The purpose of this analysis was to find out the types, and functions of speech act whether it is direct speech act or indirect speech act in the movie script entitled ‘The Revenant.’ From the analysis, it was found that both direct speech acts and indirect speech acts are used by main characters in this movie. The most dominant type of speech act used in the movie script was direct speech act (13 utterances) and then followed by indirect speech act (9 utterances). The direct speech act was classified again into declarative type (2 utterances) imperative type (5 utterances) and interrogative type (6 utterances). Indirect speech acts were also classified again into declarative type (8 utterances) and Interrogative (1 utterance). For the functions, direct speech acts are classified into the statement (2 utterances), order/request (5 utterances), and the last function of the question (6 utterances). Indirect speech act also classified into question (9 utterances), and no functions of statement and order. Based on the result, the researcher found that Felicity Conditions and genre were the factors affected main characters in producing direct speech acts more than indirect speech acts.
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Mahendra, Maulana Yusuf, Suwandi Suwandi und Fitri Yulianti. „Illocutionary Act Analisys Of The Main Character In Emancipation Movie And Its Contribution In Teaching Speaking“. AL-MIKRAJ Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora (E-ISSN 2745-4584) 4, Nr. 1 (01.11.2023): 654–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37680/almikraj.v4i1.4076.
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In this research, the main focus is on illocutionary acts in the movie "Emancipation," analyzing the utterances of the main character, played by Will Smith as Peter. Five types of illocutionary acts, namely representatives, directives, commissive, expressive, and declarative, are examined and their frequencies are determined. The results reveal that representatives dominate the illocutionary acts, with 36% of the total utterances, followed by directives (23%), expressive (18%), commissive (14%), and declarative (9%). The research highlights the value of teaching illocutionary acts in speaking classes and suggests that using movies as teaching materials can be an engaging and effective approach. However, it is essential to choose appropriate instructional methods to ensure students' engagement and effective learning in the speaking skill. Ultimately, the study provides insights into how analyzing illocutionary acts in movies like "Emancipation" can contribute to enhancing students' speaking abilities.
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Islam, Azanul. „TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI DALAM WAWANCARA TGH. MUHAMMAD ZAINUL MAJDI PADA TALKSHOW “MATA NAJWA”“. LINGUA: Journal of Language, Literature and Teaching 14, Nr. 1 (14.01.2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30957/lingua.v14i1.243.
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The objective of this study is to see illocution speech acts in an interview of the governor of Nusa Tenggara Barat in Mata Najwa talkshow. This study used content analysis as design and used transcript of the interview as source of data. Data were analyzed using qualitative approach describing kinds of illocutionary acts used by the interviewer and interviewee. The findings of the study were all illocution appeared in the interview: assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. Assertive binds speakers of truth on what it says. Directives are done with the intention that the hearers do the act referred to in the speech. Expressives function as an evaluation of the things mentioned in the speech. Declaratives state the commitmenet to status of being new.
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Ramadhani Nyagani, Msei, und Nasibu Musa. „Illocutionary Speech Act Analysis in Nipashe Newspapers’ Headlines“. Issue 6 3, Nr. 6 (23.12.2022): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.46606/eajess2022v03i06.0234.
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The purpose of this study was to look at headline writers’ intentions from Tanzanian Nipashe newspapers and classify them in accordance with illocutionary speech acts Taxonomy by Searle (1979). The study employed a qualitative research approach and a descriptive research design. The study involved the population of 1095 front-page newspaper headlines. A sample of 130 headlines was chosen and each headline was classified according to the taxonomy of illocutionary Speech Act. Out of the five categories of speech acts developed by J.R. Searle (1979), which served as the theoretical foundation for the study, four speech acts were found to be executed in the sampled newspaper headlines, with the representative speech act type predominating. Claiming, urging, remembering, reporting, recommending, assuring, bragging, concluding and deducing were some of the assertives' or representatives' illocutionary acts that appeared in the headlines. Directive headlines surveyed were used by copy editors to request, order, command, question and suggest that readers of the newspapers do something. Some headlines included commissive speech acts, which copy editors used to commit themselves to future actions. The headlines with expressive illocutionary acts were used by the editors to thank, pardon, apologize, blame, deplore, congratulate, regret and praise. There was no declarative speech act performed in the Nipashe newspaper headlines. The study recommends that the newspaper writers continue executing assertive speech acts in their headlines if they wish to tell the truth, use commissive speech acts if they want to make commitments about future events, use directive speech acts if they want readers to do something, use expressive speech acts to draw the attention of their readers and express their emotions and feelings and use declarative speech acts if they want to change the world and the attitudes of their readers at large.
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Astuti, Sri Puji. „Tindak Tutur dalam Film Assalamualaikum Calon Imam“. Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 14, Nr. 1 (25.02.2019): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.14.1.11-21.
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The purpose of this research is to describe the type and function of speech acts in the film of Asalamualaikum Calon Imamku.. The method of data collection in this study is the observation method, continued by the note taking technique. Then, the data was analyzed by using the theory of speech acts. Based on the result of the research was found five kinds of speech acts used in the film of Asalamualaikum Calon Imamku, namely representative speech acts, directive speech acts, expressive speech acts, commissive speech acts, and declarative speech acts. Representative speech acts found function to report, expect, acknowledge, and show. Directive speech acts found function to force, advise, prohibit, ask, order, beg, invite, and suggest. Expressive speech acts found function to criticize, judge, blame, warn, and praise. The commissive speech act found function to promise and state the capability. The declarative speech act found function to authorize.
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Taulia, Taulia, und Laraiba Nasution. „Mandarin Language Students Illocutionary Acts in Japanese Language Learning at the University of Sumatera Utara“. Journal Polingua: Scientific Journal of Linguistic Literatura and Education 10, Nr. 1 (30.04.2021): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/polingua.v10i1.166.
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Speech acts play an essential role in language learning as an aspect that can improve a learner's ability to speak orally. In this research, illocutionary speech-acts were described in the Japanese language learning process for students of the Mandarin Language Department, Faculty of Cultural Sciences, University of Sumatera Utara. This research is qualitative. The data are speech acts in the lecture process in class, especially in the discussion. The data sources were 40 fourth-semester students of the Mandarin Language Department. The theory used was the Searle speech act theory. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation, recording , and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques were carried out applying Miles & Huberman's opinion by condensing data through transcription of recorded data into written form, identifying forms, speech act functions, data presentation, and concluding. As a result, there were forms of illocutionary speech acts, namely directive, expressive, and declarative. Furthermore, the purpose used in class was in directive speech acts which were to order, ask, invite (engage). In other words, in expressive speech-act was praising, and in declarative speech-act was prohibiting. In conclusion, Japanese speech acts in Japanese class occured between lecturers and students and only consisted of several types of speech acts due to students' limited mastery of Japanese.
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Sudiyono, Boyke Adimas Triyogo, Komang Dian Puspita Candra und I Gusti Ayu Vina Widiadnya Putri. „Illocutionary Acts in Spider-Man: No Way Home“. ELYSIAN JOURNAL : English Literature, Linguistics and Translation Studies 3, Nr. 2 (25.05.2023): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/elysian.v3i2.4833.
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Illocutionary act refers to an act of doing something. This study was focused on the types of illocutionary act that found in the movie entitled Spider-Man: No Way Home. This study applied descriptive qualitative method in conducting the research. The library research was also used to collect the research data. In analyzing the data, the theory that proposed by Searle (1976) was applied in identifying the types of illocutionary act in the movie. Based on the results of this study, there were 100 data of illocutionary act that can be divided into 34 (34%) data of assertive act, 18 (18%) data of directive act, 24 (24%) data of commissive act, 22 (22%) data of expressive act, and 2 (2%) data of declarative act. The most dominant illocutionary act that occurred in this movie was assertive act.
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Fadilah, Taufan, und Isli Iriani Indiah Pane. „INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS IN TOBA DREAM MOVIE“. LINGUISTICA 8, Nr. 4 (08.02.2020): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jalu.v8i4.17036.
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This study focused on indirect speech act used by the main characters in Toba Dream movie. The objectives of the study were to: (1) find out the types of indirect speech acts used in Toba Dream movie, and (2) describe how types of indirect speech acts used in Toba Dream movie. This research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative method. The data of the study were all utterances uttered by the main character in Toba Dream movie and collected by watching the movie. The result of the study showed that there were four types of indirect speech acts found in Toba Dream movie, they were: representative, directive, commisive, expressive containing indirect speech acts in Toba dream Movie. Representative (25,71%) were realized by interrogative sentences and imperative sentences. Directive (21,43%) were realized by declarative sentences and interrogative sentences. Commisive (14,28%) were realized by declarative sentences. The main characters in Toba dream movie dominated the use of indirect speech act to express statement, command and warning. It showed that they could produce the language more politely and keep the hearer’s face while getting instruction or information indirectly.Keywords: indirect speech act, movie pragmatic, Toba Dream
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Florensia Elkesin Hamnu und I Gde Agoes Caskara Surya Putra. „Analysis of Direct and Indirect Speech Acts Performed by the Main Character in the Movie Doctor Strange in The Multiverse Madness“. ELYSIAN JOURNAL : English Literature, Linguistics and Translation Studies 3, Nr. 4 (30.11.2023): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.36733/elysian.v3i4.7555.
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This study aimed to describe the types of direct and indirect speech acts, as well as the dominant types used in the Doctor Strange movie. The focus is on analyzing the direct and indirect speech act utterances performed by the main character of “Doctor Strange in The Multiverse Madness movie”. The data was examined using the method of descriptive qualitative analysis which was also presented in informal and formal ways. The researcher used some techniques for collecting the data as follows. First, download the “Doctor Strange in The Multiverse Madness Movie”, and the movie script. Second, watching the movie twice or more, and reading the script. Third, taking note of classifying based on the types. The findings show that there are 29 types of direct speech act found in the movie, as follow. 6 data of declarative sentences, 14 data of interrogative sentences, and 9 data of imperative sentences. Meanwhile for indirect speech acts found there are 5 data interrogative, 4 data declarative, and 4 data for imperative. As a result, the most dominant used in this study was interrogative sentences as a type of direct speech act.
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Rolandi, Alexandro, Ni Made Verayanti Utami und I. Wayan Juniartha. „The types of illocutionary acts found in lean on me movie“. Journal of Language and Applied Linguistics 3, Nr. 1 (24.01.2022): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22334/traverse.v3i1.52.
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This study aimed at identifying the types illocutionary acts found in a movie entitled Lean On Me. The problems of this study is What types of illocutionary acts are found in the movie entitled Lean On Me?. This study employed descriptive and qualitative method to provide a well-organized description regarding the problems being identified. The data of this study were obtained by observation method through five steps, namely watching the Lean On Me movie. Then, finding out the movie script of Lean On Me. Furthermore, the writer read the movie script and took note of the illocutionary acts spoken by the characters in the movie Lean On Me. Eventually, the writer classified the data collected. There were five types of illocutionary act encountered they are, assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declarative. The result of the research indicates that there are 9 data of illocutionary act found in Lean On Me movie covering 2 assertive, 3 directive, 2 commissive, 1 expressive, and 1 declarative.
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Muzakki, Kholid Akhmad. „(كلام غير مباشر في سورة الكهف (دراسة تحليلية تداولية Tindak Tutur Tidak Langsung Dalam Surat Al-Kahfi (Kajian Analisis Pragmatik)“. Nazhruna: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 1, Nr. 1 (22.07.2018): 80–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/nazhruna.v1i1.125.
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Sentences by mode can be divided into three: sentence (declarative), interrogative, and command (imperative) sentences. Conventionally, declarative sentences are used if the speaker wants to declare or convey information to his or her opponent. Interrogative sentence is the sentence used if the speaker wants to get the information, the reaction or the expected answer. As for the imperative sentence, is if the speaker wants to enjoin or forbid his opponent to do something. But in pragmatic studies, there are times when the sentence is used non-conventionally. Declarative sentences, in addition to functioning to deliver the news, also enabled to ask; interrogative sentences other than enabled to ask is also enabled for the request or command. Meanwhile, the command line can only be used conventionally, and can not be used non-conventionally. When all three sentences are conventionally functioned, the speech is called direct speech act, whereas when used in a non-conventional way, it is called indirect speech act.
The use of sentences indirectly has a purpose, among others, in order to maintain politeness. A command that explanation by using the sentence news or sentence, will be felt by the opponent said lighter, even for the opponent said the command on him is not perceived as a command. In the Qur'an there are many unusually functional sentences, indicating that the Qur'an is a holy book that strongly upholds language-based pride. One of them is surah Al-Kahfi. In the surah Al-Kahfi, found some verses which are indirect speech. In Surah Al-Kahfi, the forms of indirect speech are as follows. First, Declarative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 16, 45, 52, 60 and 78. Second, Interrogative texts mean imperative is found in the verse 6, 9 and 50. Third, Interrogative texts mean declarative is found in the verses 15, 37, 57, 68, 75, 102 and 103.
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Benny Dele Bintang Ananta. „ILLOCUTIONARY ACT ANALYSIS OF JOKOWI THREE PERIODS ON CNBC NEWS 2022: CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS“. Celtic : A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching, Literature and Linguistics 10, Nr. 1 (30.06.2023): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/celtic.v10i1.24931.
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This paper discusses the highly controversial issue of postponing the 2024elections. The postponement of the election was replaced with the discourseof extending President Joko Widodo's leadership term.The major objective of this study is to categorize various illocutionary actsand provide a concise description of how they are used by speakers in CNBCnews content. In this investigation, the author uses descriptive qualitativeresearch techniques to collect and dissect information from writing with thetitle "Dokumen Indonesia Maju Bocor, Benarkah Jokowi 3 Periode?". Theanalysis of the data revealed that the language employed by speakers in CNBCnews predominantly consists of representative speech acts across three terms.These categories encompass representative, directive, commissive,declarative, and expressive elements within the news discourse. Theresearcher also found that speakers used 40% representative, 20%commissive, 20% expressive, 10% directive, and 10% declarative in the news.In addition, the speakers' speech in the news is explained from the fivecategories that most of the speakers use: representative, commission, andexpressive. However, the three-period issue has a lot of unfavorableimplications for President Jokowi because it can create unwanted chaos in thepolitical environment for those who agree or disagree with the issue.