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Xu, Shao und Chen. „Data-Driven Compartmental Modeling Method for Harmonic Analysis—A Study of the Electric Arc Furnace“. Energies 12, Nr. 22 (17.11.2019): 4378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224378.
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The electric arc furnace (EAF) contributes to almost one-third of the global iron and steel industry, and its harmonic pollution has drawn attention. An accurate EAF harmonic model is essential to evaluate the harmonic pollution of EAF. In this paper, a data-driven compartmental modeling method (DCMM) is proposed for the multi-mode EAF harmonic model. The proposed DCMM considers the coupling relationship among different frequencies of harmonics to enhance the modeling accuracy, meanwhile, the dimensions of the harmonic dataset are reduced to improve computational efficiency. Furthermore, the proposed DCMM is applicable to establish a multi-mode EAF harmonic model by dividing the multi-mode EAF harmonic dataset into several clusters corresponding to the different modes of the EAF smelting process. The performance evaluation results show that the proposed DCMM is adaptive in terms of establishing the multi-mode model, even if the data volumes, number of clusters, and sample distribution change significantly. Finally, a case study of EAF harmonic data is conducted to establish a multi-mode EAF harmonic model, showing that the proposed DCMM is effective and accurate in EAF modeling.
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Cech, Thomas G., Trent J. Spaulding und Joseph A. Cazier. „Data competence maturity: developing data-driven decision making“. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning 11, Nr. 2 (10.08.2018): 139–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jrit-03-2018-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to lay out the data competence maturity model (DCMM) and discuss how the application of the model can serve as a foundation for a measured and deliberate use of data in secondary education. Design/methodology/approach Although the model is new, its implications, and its application are derived from key findings and best practices from the software development, data analytics and secondary education performance literature. These principles can guide educators to better manage student and operational outcomes. This work builds and applies the DCMM model to secondary education. Findings The conceptual model reveals significant opportunities to improve data-driven decision making in schools and local education agencies (LEAs). Moving past the first and second stages of the data competency maturity model should allow educators to better incorporate data into the regular decision-making process. Practical implications Moving up the DCMM to better integrate data into their decision-making process has the potential to produce profound improvements for schools and LEAs. Data science is about making better decisions. Understanding the path laid out in the DCMM to helping an organization move to a more mature data-driven decision-making process will help improve both student and operational outcomes. Originality/value This paper brings a new concept, the DCMM, to the educational literature and discusses how these principles can be applied to improve decision making by integrating them into their decision-making process and trying to help the organization mature within this framework.
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Wang, Xueting, Natalia Martin, Johan Nilsson, Stefan Carlson, Johan Gustafson, Magnus Skoglundh und Per-Anders Carlsson. „Copper-Modified Zeolites and Silica for Conversion of Methane to Methanol“. Catalysts 8, Nr. 11 (15.11.2018): 545. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8110545.
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Powder materials containing copper ions supported on ZSM-5 (Cu-Zeolite Socony Mobil-5) and SSZ-13 (Cu-Standard Oil synthesised zeolite-13), and predominantly CuO nanoparticles on amorphous SiO 2 were synthesised, characterised, wash-coated onto ceramic monoliths and, for the first time, compared as catalysts for direct conversion of methane to methanol (DCMM) at ambient pressure (1 atm) using O 2 , N 2 O and NO as oxidants. Methanol production was monitored and quantified using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Methanol is formed over all monolith samples, though the formation is considerably higher for the copper-exchanged zeolites. Hence, copper ions are the main active sites for DCMM. The minor amount of methanol produced over the Cu/SiO 2 sample, however, suggests that zeolites are not the sole substrate that can host those active copper sites but also silica. Further, we present the first ambient pressure in situ infrared spectroscopic measurements revealing the formation and consumption of surface methoxy species, which are considered to be key intermediates in the DCMM reaction.
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Ngoc, Luong Thai, und Vo Thanh Tu. „A DIGITAL CERTIFICATION MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS AND SECURITY ROUTING PROTOCOL IN MOBILE AD HOC NETWORK“. Journal of Computer Science and Cybernetics 34, Nr. 3 (23.11.2018): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/1813-9663/34/3/12259.
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Routing services in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) are the goal of denial of service (DoS) attack forms, such as: Blackhole, Sinkhole, Grayhole, Wormhole, Flooding and Whirlwind. There are some related researches to improve of security performance of routing services, such as H(AODV), OTP_AODV, SAODV and ARAN. They require hypothetical conditions that public key infrastructure (PKI) is available. TAMAN routing protocol supported a digital certificate verification service adaptively and quickly to the dynamic topology of the network without relying on any certification authorities (CA). However, node's digital certificate is installed manually and TAMAN has not digital certificate provision and revocation mechanisms. Hence, it is restricted to operate on MANET where nodes move randomly. In this article, we propose a Digital Certification Management Mechanisms (DCMM) based on X.509 standard which supports storing digital certificate, provision and revocation without any PKI. We have implemented DCMM on TAMAN protocol and simulated with NS2 using static and mobility scenarios with speed 30m/s. Simulation results show that digital certificates providing process completely after 70 seconds for 100 member nodes using static scenario and 270 seconds using mobility scenario, and TAMAN performance using DCMM is reduced slightly in terms of packet delivery ratio, end-to-end delay and routing load.
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Tada, Naoya, und Manabu Nohara. „Evaluation of semi-ellipsoidal wall thinning on back surface of plate by direct-current potential difference method“. International Journal of Structural Integrity 6, Nr. 6 (07.12.2015): 714–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-11-2014-0062.
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Purpose – Local wall thinning is one of serious problems in aged power generating plants. As the thinning grows inside the pipes, it is difficult to detect and evaluate it from the outer surface of pipe. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the method of semi-ellipsoidal wall thinning geometry on the back surface of flat plate by direct-current potential difference method (DC-PDM) was proposed as a preliminary research for the pipe wall thinning evaluation. The evaluation was performed for the potential difference numerically obtained by finite element method and the results were discussed. Design/methodology/approach – A number of electric field analyses are necessary to evaluate the geometry of local wall thinning. In this study, defect-current modification method (DCMM), which is very fast analysis method based on the formulated solution for the similar thinning geometry, was used. The DCMM enabled the repeated electric field analyses necessary for the evaluation. Findings – The potential difference on the front surface of plate was higher than the other part because of the electric current disturbance by a wall thinning on the back surface. In addition, the distribution depended on the geometry of the wall thinning. In this study, the shape of the thinning was assumed to be ellipsoid, and the width, depth, and length of the thinning were successfully evaluated based on the potential difference distribution on the front surface. Originality/value – Evaluation of local wall thinning geometry was carried out by repeated analyses using DCMM, and the results were successful. This fact suggests that the evaluation of local wall thinning is possible by DC-PDM. The proposed method is going to be extended to the local wall thinning on the inner surface of pipe by geometrical conversion.
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TEZUKA, Akira, Chihiro OISHI, Sanghoon LEE und Naoki ASANO. „806 Optimal Sizing Design with DCMM-FEM for Discontinuous Mesh“. Proceedings of Ibaraki District Conference 2001 (2001): 201–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeibaraki.2001.201.
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Oorschot, Roland A. H. van, Bryan Found und Kaye N. Ballantyne. „Considerations Relating to the Components of a Laboratory DNA Contamination Minimisation Monitoring (DCMM) Program“. Forensic Science Policy & Management: An International Journal 6, Nr. 3-4 (02.10.2015): 91–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2015.1085926.
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Son, Jeong und Lee. „An Audification and Visualization System (AVS) of an Autonomous Vehicle for Blind and Deaf People Based on Deep Learning“. Sensors 19, Nr. 22 (18.11.2019): 5035. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19225035.
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When blind and deaf people are passengers in fully autonomous vehicles, an intuitive and accurate visualization screen should be provided for the deaf, and an audification system with speech-to-text (STT) and text-to-speech (TTS) functions should be provided for the blind. However, these systems cannot know the fault self-diagnosis information and the instrument cluster information that indicates the current state of the vehicle when driving. This paper proposes an audification and visualization system (AVS) of an autonomous vehicle for blind and deaf people based on deep learning to solve this problem. The AVS consists of three modules. The data collection and management module (DCMM) stores and manages the data collected from the vehicle. The audification conversion module (ACM) has a speech-to-text submodule (STS) that recognizes a user’s speech and converts it to text data, and a text-to-wave submodule (TWS) that converts text data to voice. The data visualization module (DVM) visualizes the collected sensor data, fault self-diagnosis data, etc., and places the visualized data according to the size of the vehicle’s display. The experiment shows that the time taken to adjust visualization graphic components in on-board diagnostics (OBD) was approximately 2.5 times faster than the time taken in a cloud server. In addition, the overall computational time of the AVS system was approximately 2 ms faster than the existing instrument cluster. Therefore, because the AVS proposed in this paper can enable blind and deaf people to select only what they want to hear and see, it reduces the overload of transmission and greatly increases the safety of the vehicle. If the AVS is introduced in a real vehicle, it can prevent accidents for disabled and other passengers in advance.
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Basargina, E. N., M. K. Umarova, K. V. Savostyanov, Yu V. Derevnina und I. E. Smirnov. „THE FREQUENCY OF THROMBOTIC COMPLICATIONS AND FEATURES OF GENOTYPES OF POLYMORPHIC MARKERS OF HEMOSTASIS GENES IN CHILDREN WITH NONCOMPACT CARDIOMYOPATHY“. Russian Pediatric Journal 20, Nr. 3 (30.04.2019): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2017-20-3-139-144.
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Noncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCMP) is characterized by the anomalous myocardium structure and various types of cardiac remodeling, in some cases it is accompanied by thrombotic complications. Preconditions for thrombosis in the disease are unknown, as also there are differences in thrombosis rates between NCMP and other cardiomyopathies, similarly accompanied by the chronic heart failure and analogous remodeling phenotypes. Aim of study is to reveal the difference in the rate of thrombosis in NCMP and dilated cardiomyopathies (DCMP) in children, and to define differences in the frequency of different genotypes of polymorphic markers in an array of hemostasis genes in the two cardiomyopathies. Methods. There was executed a prospective-retrospective cohort study, included patients from the Cardiac Department of the National Scientific and Practical Center of Children's Health from October 2011 to May 2015. The presence of NCMP was established by echocardiography, alleles and genotypes of polymorphic markers of hemostasis and folate cycle genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction in real-time mode. Results. Thrombotic complications in NCMP children were observed more often than in DCMP cases. There were no differences between NCMP and DCMC patients in the frequency of the polymorphic markers c.1691G>A of the F5 gene (p=0.61) , c.20210G>A of the F2 gene (p=1.0) , c.1565T> C of the ITGB3 gene (p=0.32) , 5G(-675)4G of PLANH1 gene (p=0,52) , G(-455)A of FGB gene (p=0.82) , c.677C>T of MTHFR gene (p=0.11). Conclusion Thrombotic complications in NCMP children occur rather more often than in DCMP cases, studied polymorphic markers of the hemostasis and folate cycle genes do not cause this difference, and this requires continuation of the study.
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Nikulina, Svetlana Y., Оksana O. Kuznetsova, Anna A. Chernova, Gennadiy V. Matyushin, Anna A. Gurazheva und Vladimir N. Maksimov. „Association of ADRB2 gene polymorphism with dilated cardiomyopathy“. CardioSomatics 12, Nr. 1 (26.05.2021): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/22217185.2021.1.200772.
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Aim. To study the association of the rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene with cardiomyopathies of various origins.
Material and methods. The study included patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) and myocardial dilatation of ischemic genesis (DM IG).The total number of people surveyed is 221. The average age of the subjects was 55.309.69 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: one of them patients with a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy idiopathic (predictors of expansion of the heart cavities are excluded) and the other-patients with dilated myocardium of ischemic origin (a history of IHD). The number of patients in the first group was 111, including 99 (89.2%) men and 12 (10.8%) women. The average age of patients in this group is 51.739.74 years. The second group included patients with myocardial dilatation of ischemic origin. Their number is 110 people, including 100 (91.5%) men and 10 (8.5%) women. The average age of the respondents is 58.688.38 years. The control group consists of individuals who did not have any manifestations of cardiovascular diseases. Their number is 221 people (average age 53.64.8 years). Laboratory and instrumental studies, coronary angiography, and molecular genetic studies of the rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene were performed for all participants in the study. Those patients who were excluded predictors of the occurrence of dilation of the heart cavities were assigned to the first group. The second group included patients with a history of CHD.
Results. In the group with DCMP, 10.8% of patients were carriers of the common homozygous AA genotype, the heterozygous AG genotype 48.6%, and the rare homozygous GG genotype 40.5%. In the group of patients with DM IG, 16.4% of patients were carriers of the common homozygous AA genotype, the heterozygous AG genotype 51.8%, and the rare homozygous GG genotype 31.8%. In the control group, 11.8% of patients were identified as carriers of the homozygous genotype for the common allele, 47.5% carriers of the heterozygous genotype, and 40.7% carriers of the homozygous genotype for the rare allele. No statistically significant results were obtained in the group of patients with DCMP and DM IG compared to the control group of the rs1042713 polymorphism of the ADRB2 gene.
Conclusion. No association of ADRB2 gene rs1042713 polymorphism with DCMI and DM IG was revealed.
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Diny, Nicola L., G. Christian Baldeviano, Monica V. Talor, Jobert G. Barin, SuFey Ong, Djahida Bedja, Allison G. Hays et al. „Eosinophil-derived IL-4 drives progression of myocarditis to inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy“. Journal of Experimental Medicine 214, Nr. 4 (16.03.2017): 943–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20161702.
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Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) is a major cause of heart failure in children and young adults. DCMi develops in up to 30% of myocarditis patients, but the mechanisms involved in disease progression are poorly understood. Patients with eosinophilia frequently develop cardiomyopathies. In this study, we used the experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) model to determine the role of eosinophils in myocarditis and DCMi. Eosinophils were dispensable for myocarditis induction but were required for progression to DCMi. Eosinophil-deficient ΔdblGATA1 mice, in contrast to WT mice, showed no signs of heart failure by echocardiography. Induction of EAM in hypereosinophilic IL-5Tg mice resulted in eosinophilic myocarditis with severe ventricular and atrial inflammation, which progressed to severe DCMi. This was not a direct effect of IL-5, as IL-5TgΔdblGATA1 mice were protected from DCMi, whereas IL-5−/− mice exhibited DCMi comparable with WT mice. Eosinophils drove progression to DCMi through their production of IL-4. Our experiments showed eosinophils were the major IL-4–expressing cell type in the heart during EAM, IL-4−/− mice were protected from DCMi like ΔdblGATA1 mice, and eosinophil-specific IL-4 deletion resulted in improved heart function. In conclusion, eosinophils drive progression of myocarditis to DCMi, cause severe DCMi when present in large numbers, and mediate this process through IL-4.
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Dou, Yao, Liguang Zhang, Buning Zhang, Ming He, Weimei Shi, Shiqing Yang, Yingde Cui und Guoqiang Yin. „Preparation and Characterization of Edible Dialdehyde Carboxymethyl Cellulose Crosslinked Feather Keratin Films for Food Packaging“. Polymers 12, Nr. 1 (08.01.2020): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12010158.
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The development of edible films based on the natural biopolymer feather keratin (FK) from poultry feathers is of great interest to food packaging. Edible dialdehyde carboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) crosslinked FK films plasticized with glycerol were prepared by a casting method. The effect of DCMC crosslinking on the microstructure, light transmission, aggregate structure, tensile properties, water resistance and water vapor barrier were investigated. The results indicated the formation of both covalent and hydrogen bonding between FK and DCMC to form amorphous FK/DCMC films with good UV-barrier properties and transmittance. However, with increasing DCMC content, a decrease in tensile strength of the FK films indicated that plasticization, induced by hydrophilic properties of the DCMC, partly offset the crosslinking effect. Reduction in the moisture content, solubility and water vapor permeability indicated that DCMC crosslinking slightly reduced the moisture sensitivity of the FK films. Thus, DCMC crosslinking increased the potential viability of the FK films for food packaging applications, offering a value-added product.
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Wang, Jih-Terng, Shashank Keshavmurthy, Tzu-Ying Chu und Chaolun Allen Chen. „Diverse responses ofSymbiodiniumtypes to menthol and DCMU treatment“. PeerJ 5 (02.10.2017): e3843. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3843.
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To understand the mechanism of photosynthetic inhibition and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inSymbiodiniumtypes under stress, chemicals such as dichlorophenyl dimethylurea (DCMU) are widely used. Moreover, DCMU and recently menthol were used to generate aposymbiotic cnidarian hosts. While the effects of DCMU onSymbiodiniumcells have been extensively studied, no studies have shown the mechanism behind menthol-induced coral bleaching. Moreover, no study has compared the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments on photosystem II (PSII) activity and generation of ROS in differentSymbiodiniumtypes. In this study, we utilized five freshly isolatedSymbiodiniumtypes (S. minutum(B1),S. goreaui(C1), C3, C15, andS. trenchii(D1a)) to compare the effects of DCMU and menthol treatments.Symbiodiniumcells were exposed to DCMU and menthol at different concentrations for 4 h. Results showed that values of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) for PSII inhibition were 0.72∼1.96 mM for menthol-treated cells compared to 29∼74 pM for DCMU-treated cells. Diverse responses ofSymbiodiniumtypes were displayed in terms of PSII tolerance to menthol (S. minutum>S. trenchii= C15 > C3 =S. goreaui), and also in the response curves. In contrast, responses were not so diverse when the different types were treated with DCMU. Three of five menthol-treatedSymbiodiniumtypes showed instant and significant ROS generation when PSII activity was inhibited, compared to no ROS being generated in DCMU-treatedSymbiodiniumtypes. Both results indicated that menthol inhibitedSymbiodiniumPSII activity throughSymbiodiniumtype-dependent mechanisms, which were also distinct from those with DCMU treatment. This study further confirmed that photosynthetic functionsSymbiodiniumhave diverse responses to stress even within the same clade.
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Santer, Roger D., F. Claire Rind, Richard Stafford und Peter J. Simmons. „Role of an Identified Looming-Sensitive Neuron in Triggering a Flying Locust's Escape“. Journal of Neurophysiology 95, Nr. 6 (Juni 2006): 3391–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00024.2006.
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Flying locusts perform a characteristic gliding dive in response to predator-sized stimuli looming from one side. These visual looming stimuli trigger trains of spikes in the descending contralateral movement detector (DCMD) neuron that increase in frequency as the stimulus gets nearer. Here we provide evidence that high-frequency (>150 Hz) DCMD spikes are involved in triggering the glide: the DCMD is the only excitatory input to a key gliding motor neuron during a loom; DCMD-mediated EPSPs only summate significantly in this motor neuron when they occur at >150 Hz; when a looming stimulus ceases approach prematurely, high-frequency DCMD spikes are removed from its response and the occurrence of gliding is reduced; and an axon important for glide triggering descends in the nerve cord contralateral to the eye detecting a looming stimulus, as the DCMD does. DCMD recordings from tethered flying locusts showed that glides follow high-frequency spikes in a DCMD, but analyses could not identify a feature of the DCMD response alone that was reliably associated with glides in all trials. This was because, for a glide to be triggered, the high-frequency spikes must be timed appropriately within the wingbeat cycle to coincide with wing elevation. We interpret this as flight-gating of the DCMD response resulting from rhythmic modulation of the flight motor neuron's membrane potential during flight. This means that the locust's escape behavior can vary in response to the same looming stimulus, meaning that a predator cannot exploit predictability in the locust's collision avoidance behavior.
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Angelow, Aniela, Matthias Schmidt und Wolfgang Hoffmann. „Towards risk factor assessment in inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy: the SFB/TR 19 study“. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation 14, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2007): 686–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/hjr.0b013e32816f7726.
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Background Patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMid) account for about one-third of patients with heart failure. Recent studies found a myocardial viral genomic persistence in up to 67% of DCMid patients, indicating a possible inflammatory etiology (DCMi). Considering the importance of DCMi, we aimed to study the present knowledge on risk factors in DCMi. Methods Review of published literature on risk factors for DCMi/DCMid from 1989 through 2005 in Medline database and the Cochrane library (search terms ‘epidemiology’, ‘risk factors’, ‘inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy’ and ‘idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy’). Results An extended array of risk factors in DCMid has been investigated in 11 studies. No studies addressing specifically DCMi, however, were found. Consistent associations with DCMid were reported only for diabetes mellitus, black race, male sex and estimated low income. Inconsistent results were observed for the presence of asthma, hypertension and smoking. Few studies addressed potential risk factors such as low education level, infectious diseases and environmental factors. Conclusions Considering the high number of potential DCMi patients among patients with DCMid, results on risk factors for DCMid are likely relevant to at least a number of patients with DCMi. Future studies of risk factors in DCMi should include specific case classification and the application of standardized instruments for risk-factor assessment. The four-center SFB/TR 19 study aims to establish a prospective cohort of DCMi patients validated by endomyocardial biopsy. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil14:686-693 © 2007 The European Society of Cardiology
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Koraei, Mostafa, Omid Fatemi und Magnus Jahre. „DCMI“. ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization 16, Nr. 4 (10.01.2020): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3352813.
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Renger, G., J. Messinger und R. Fromme. „Tribromotoluquinone Induced Modifications of the Oscillation Pattern of Oxygen Evolution and of Herbicide Binding in Thylakoids and PS II Membrane Fragments from Spinach“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 44, Nr. 5-6 (01.06.1989): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1989-5-614.
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Abstract In the present study the effect of TBTQ on PS II and its mutual interaction with DCMU was analyzed by measurements of the oxygen yield oscillation pattern and of DCMU binding. It was found: 1)TBTQ in its reduced form is able to induce the reduction of Dox which gives rise to an accelerated decay of S2 and S3 of the wateroxidizing complex. 2) Triton X-100 treatment used for isolation of PS II membrane fragments does not significantly affect the lateral mobility of p lastoquinone within the membrane. TBTQ bound to the thylakoid membrane does not enhance the electron pool capacity in PS II membrane fragments. 3) Preincubation of thylakoids with TBTQ diminishes the blockage of O2-evolution by DCMU significantly. In correspondence with previous findings [18, 19] the effect strongly depends on the order of addition of TBTQ and DCMU . 4) Excitation with a single saturating flash causes enhanced DCMU binding in TBTQ pretreated samples leading to the inhibition of flash induced oxygen evolution. The rate of the latter process depends on the DCMU concentration. 5) In thylakoids pretreated in the d ark with TBTQ the oxygen yield of the 3rd flash slowly declines as a function o f dark incubation time at constant DCMU concentration. Based on the above mentioned findings it is inferred that a mutual interaction between TBTQ and DCMU takes place at the PS II acceptor side. Two alternative mechanisms are discussed: i) TBTQ tightly (covalently?) bound at the QB-site (or very close to it) is modified in its function by DCMU via structural effects (allosteric type), or ii) there occurs a TBTQ /DCMU exchange that is fast in the light and slow in the dark.
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Seo, Jae Hyeon, Ho Seong Lee, Young Rak Choi, Seung Hwan Park, Jae Hyung Lee und Hannah Chun. „Outcomes of Simultaneous Bilateral vs Unilateral Distal Chevron Metatarsal Osteotomy in Hallux Valgus Patients Aged ≥60 Years“. Foot & Ankle International 42, Nr. 7 (29.03.2021): 919–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100721996707.
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Background: The purpose of this study was to compare radiographic outcomes of simultaneous bilateral and unilateral distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy (DCMO) in hallux valgus patients aged ≥60 years. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed consecutive outcomes of simultaneous bilateral DCMO and unilateral DCMO performed between June 2010 and August 2018 in 90 feet of 60 patients. Thirty patients underwent simultaneous bilateral DCMO, and 30 underwent unilateral DCMO. Comparative analysis of radiographic and clinical parameters between a simultaneous bilateral DCMO group (SB) and a unilateral DCMO group (U) was performed. Results: Mean age at surgery (65.7±4.8 vs 65.2±5.2 years), mean length of follow-up period (20.0 vs 18.6 months), and preoperative radiographic parameters were similar between the 2 groups (SB vs U). Mean hallux valgus angle (HVA) improved from 34.2 to 5.4 degrees (correction angle SB 28.8 vs U 28.8 degrees). Mean first-to-second intermetatarsal angle improved from 15.8 to 6.8 degrees (correction angle SB 8.9 vs U 8.9 degrees). Hallux varus deformity was observed in 4 feet (SB 3 vs U 1), and mechanical instability with callus formation in 1 foot in the unilateral group. Conclusion: DCMOs in patients aged ≥60 years were radiographically effective and safe, even performed in one stage bilaterally. Radiographic parameters were similar in patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral and unilateral DCMO. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective cohort study.
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Wu, Lei, SuFey Ong, Monica V. Talor, Jobert G. Barin, G. Christian Baldeviano, David A. Kass, Djahida Bedja et al. „Cardiac fibroblasts mediate IL-17A–driven inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy“. Journal of Experimental Medicine 211, Nr. 7 (16.06.2014): 1449–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20132126.
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Inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) is a major cause of heart failure in individuals below the age of 40. We recently reported that IL-17A is required for the development of DCMi. We show a novel pathway connecting IL-17A, cardiac fibroblasts (CFs), GM-CSF, and heart-infiltrating myeloid cells with the pathogenesis of DCMi. Il17ra−/− mice were protected from DCMi, and this was associated with significantly diminished neutrophil and Ly6Chi monocyte/macrophage (MO/MΦ) cardiac infiltrates. Depletion of Ly6Chi MO/MΦ also protected mice from DCMi. Mechanistically, IL-17A stimulated CFs to produce key chemokines and cytokines that are critical downstream effectors in the recruitment and differentiation of myeloid cells. Moreover, IL-17A directs Ly6Chi MO/MΦ in trans toward a more proinflammatory phenotype via CF-derived GM-CSF. Collectively, this IL-17A–fibroblast–GM-CSF–MO/MΦ axis could provide a novel target for the treatment of DCMi and related inflammatory cardiac diseases.
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Jones, Norman, und R. Coetzee. „What drives UK military personnel to seek mental healthcare, work strain or something else?“ Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 164, Nr. 4 (28.01.2018): 248–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2017-000861.
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BackgroundThe numbers of UK military personnel referred to military departments of community mental health (DCMH) have increased annually over recent years; the reasons for such an increase are unclear.MethodData for this study were derived from 549 DCMH attendees and 3682 serving regular military personnel. DCMH attendees completed a checklist of potential reasons for help-seeking. Cohort members provided data on perceived mental health problems and help-seeking from specialist mental health services. Both samples provided work strain and basic sociodemographic data. Work strain levels were compared among cohort and DCMH help seekers and non-help seekers using adjusted logistic regression analyses.ResultsPerceiving that mental health-related stigmatisation had reduced and being prompted to seek help by attending a health promotion event were among the least frequent reasons for seeking help in DCMH attendees. Realising that help was needed and being urged to seek help by one’s partner, friends or family were the most common. Working very hard and experiencing excessive work were the most common work strain factors. Overall, the greatest levels of work strain were found among DCMH attendees. In all subsamples, work strain was significantly associated with experiencing a perceived mental health problem irrespective of whether help was sought or not.ConclusionWork strain was significantly associated with experiencing a stressful, emotional, mental health or alcohol problem and was the highest among current DCMH help seekers. Recognising that help was required and being prompted by a significant other were the main drivers for help-seeking among DCMH attendees.
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Marinac, Jacqueline S. „Drug- and Chemical-Induced Aseptic Meningitis: A Review of the Literature“. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, Nr. 6 (Juni 1992): 813–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600613.
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OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this article is to provide readers with case reports of drug- or chemical-induced aseptic meningitis (DCAM) described in the medical literature. Background information regarding the classification of DCAM, incidence, proposed mechanisms, associated risk factors, clinical management, and sequelae is presented. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was used to identify pertinent background literature and case reports of DCAM. DATA EXTRACTION: All case reports of DCAM involve anecdotal information. A critical analysis of a causal relationship to the implicated drug or chemical and the appearance of meningeal involvement is presented. Animal data are included when pertinent. DATA SYNTHESIS: DCAM is a rare adverse event associated with numerous agents. Patients present with a variety of clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory findings of cerebral spinal fluid, when obtained, vary greatly. Most patients fully recover without sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: Numerous drugs and chemicals have been implicated in the medical literature as producing DCAM. Two proposed mechanisms of DCAM have been theorized: a delayed hypersensitivity-type reaction and direct meningeal irritation. The nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, certain antibiotics, radiographic agents, and muromonab-CD3 have been most frequently implicated. There appears to be an association between the occurrence of the hypersensitivity-type reactions and underlying collagen vascular or rheumatologic disease.
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Vujić, Bojan, Vera Vidaković, Milka Jadranin, Irena Novaković, Snežana Trifunović, Vele Tešević und Boris Mandić. „Composition, Antioxidant Potential, and Antimicrobial Activity of Helichrysum plicatum DC. Various Extracts“. Plants 9, Nr. 3 (06.03.2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9030337.
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Helichrysum plicatum DC. is widely used in folk medicine in treating a variety of health disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different extraction solvents on the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activities of H. plicatum. Aerial parts were separately extracted with ethanol, dichloromethane, and sunflower oil. The oil extract (OE) was re-extracted with acetonitrile. A total of 142 compounds were tentatively identified in ethanolic (EE), dichloromethane (DCME), and acetonitrile (ACNE) extracts using HPLC-DAD/ESI-ToF-MS. The dominant compound class in all extracts were α-pyrones, alongside flavonoids in EE, terpenoids in DCME and ACNE, and phloroglucinols in DCME. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay. EE and DCME possessed the most potent radical scavenging capacity. Antimicrobial activity was investigated on eight bacterial, two yeast, and one fungal species. All extracts exhibited high antifungal and notable antibacterial activities compared to control substances, with DCME being the most potent. DCME exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa than the standard chloramphenicol.
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Zhu, Wang und Qing. „Health Monitoring of Metallic Structures with Electromechanical Impedance and Piezoelectric Sensors“. Nanomaterials 9, Nr. 9 (05.09.2019): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091268.
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In order to monitor the health condition of structures in a more sensitive and accurate way, a novel and universal methodology called direct coupling mechanical impedance (DCMI) for characteristic signatures extraction is presented in this paper. This methodology is used to obtain DCMI signatures from measured raw signatures (RSs) with the surface-bonded piezoelectric sensors (PZT), which is developed from a pertinent electromechanical impedance (EMI) theoretical model for surface-bonded circular PZT. The proposed DCMI methodology has the advantages of simple calculation and magnifying the signatures when compared with the existing methods. Combining the extracted DCMI signatures with the root mean square deviation (RMSD) index is able to quantify the correlation between the health condition and the signatures variation more effectively. To verify the effectiveness of proposed DCMI methodology, experiments are conducted on aluminum plates and a part of fuselage in detail. The experimental results sufficiently demonstrate that the presented universal DCMI methodology possesses better sensitivity than the raw signatures when utilized for evaluating the health condition of metallic structures, including those made of metal-matrix nanomaterials.
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Gago, Diana, Ricardo Chagas und Luísa M. Ferreira. „The Effect of Dicarboxymethyl Cellulose on the Prevention of Protein Haze Formation on White Wine“. Beverages 7, Nr. 3 (07.08.2021): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/beverages7030057.
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Wine clarity is a critical aspect in the commercialization of white wines. The formation of wine haze can be attributed to the aggregation and precipitation of heat-unstable wine proteins. Bentonite fining is the commonly used method in winemaking for protein removal, but it is responsible for loss of wine volume and quality. Dicarboxymethyl cellulose (DCMC) was developed as a potential alternative to bentonite. Water-insoluble DCMC was prepared via catalyzed heterogeneous etherification using sodium chloromalonate and potassium iodide. White wine fining trials were benchmarked with different dosages of DCMC against a bentonite. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was optimized for protein quantification. The samples underwent heat stability tests to evaluate wine turbidity before and after fining. Results show that DCMC successfully reduced the wine protein content and turbidity. DCMC produced heat-stable wines with dosages higher than 0.25 g/L. The innovative application of DCMC in the wine sector shows potential due to its ability to stabilize white wines while overcoming problems associated with bentonite, such as lees production and loss of wine, contributing to a more sustainable process.
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Maj, Piotr, Adam Jarmuła, Piotr Wilk, Małgorzata Prokopowicz, Wojciech Rypniewski, Zbigniew Zieliński, Anna Dowierciał, Agnieszka Bzowska und Wojciech Rode. „Molecular Mechanism of Thymidylate Synthase Inhibition by N4-Hydroxy-dCMP in View of Spectrophotometric and Crystallographic Studies“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 9 (30.04.2021): 4758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22094758.
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Novel evidence is presented allowing further clarification of the mechanism of the slow-binding thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibition by N4-hydroxy-dCMP (N4-OH-dCMP). Spectrophotometric monitoring documented time- and temperature-, and N4-OH-dCMP-dependent TS-catalyzed dihydrofolate production, accompanying the mouse enzyme incubation with N4-OH-dCMP and N5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate, known to inactivate the enzyme by the covalent binding of the inhibitor, suggesting the demonstrated reaction to be uncoupled from the pyrimidine C(5) methylation. The latter was in accord with the hypothesis based on the previously presented structure of mouse TS (cf. PDB ID: 4EZ8), and with conclusions based on the present structure of the parasitic nematode Trichinella spiralis, both co-crystallized with N4-OH-dCMP and N5,10-methylenetetrahdrofolate. The crystal structure of the mouse TS-N4-OH-dCMP complex soaked with N5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate revealed the reaction to run via a unique imidazolidine ring opening, leaving the one-carbon group bound to the N(10) atom, thus too distant from the pyrimidine C(5) atom to enable the electrophilic attack and methylene group transfer.
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Bacon, J. P., K. S. Thompson und M. Stern. „Identified octopaminergic neurons provide an arousal mechanism in the locust brain“. Journal of Neurophysiology 74, Nr. 6 (01.12.1995): 2739–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.6.2739.
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1. Habituation is the declining responsiveness of a neural circuit (or behavior) to repetitive stimulation. Dishabituation (or arousal) can be brought about by the sudden presentation of an additional, novel stimulus. A clear example of arousal in the locust is provided by the visual system: the habituated response of the descending contralateral movement detector (DCMD) interneuron to repetitive visual stimuli can be dishabituated by a variety of other visual and tactile stimuli. 2. Application of octopamine to the locust brain and optic lobes dishabituates the DCMD in a manner similar to the effect of visual and tactile stimulation. 3. The locust CNS contains two pairs of octopamine-immunoreactive cells, the protocerebral medulla 4 (PM4) neurons, that could potentially mediate this dishabituation effect; PM4 neurons arborize in the optic lobe, they contain octopamine, and they respond to the same visual and tactile stimuli that dishabituate the DCMD. 4. To investigate whether PM4 activity dishabituates the DCMD, we recorded intracellularly from one of the PM4 neurons while recording extracellularly from the DCMD. When the PM4 neuron is injected with hyperpolarizing current to render it completely inactive, the DCMD exhibits its characteristic habituation to a moving visual stimulus. However, depolarizing the PM4 neuron, to produce action potentials at approximately 20 Hz, significantly increases the number of DCMD action potentials per stimulus. 5. The PM4 neurons may therefore play an important role in dishabituating the DCMD to novel stimuli. This effect is presumably mediated by PM4 neurons releasing endogenous octopamine within the optic lobe.
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Isakhanova, P. N., Yu N. Ziyaev, Kh A. Mamatkulov, M. Kh Nazarova und Sh I. Makhamatova. „Platelet aggregation activity and beta-adrenoblocker therapy in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy“. Cardiovascular Therapy and Prevention 11, Nr. 1 (20.02.2012): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1728-8800-2012-1-59-62.
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Aim. To investigate the specifics of ischemic and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP), platelet aggregation activity, and the reaction of the latter to the beta-adrenoblocker (β-AB) therapy with atenolol or bisoprolol. Results. In DCMP patients, a significant increase in velocity and maximal amplitude of ADP-induced platelet aggregation, as well as a significant reduction in the time to the maximal aggregation amplitude, was observed. In both therapy groups, all parameters of platelet aggregation activity were significantly higher in ischemic vs. idiopathic DCMP patients. Long-term bisoprolol therapy provided a more manifested antiaggregant effect of the basis treatment, compared to atenolol therapy. Conclusion. DCMP patients, especially ones with ischemic DCMP, demonstrated an increase in platelet aggregation activity. Long-term bisoprolol therapy facilitated a more pronounced anti-aggregant effect of the basis treatment, compared to atenolol treatment.
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Lazić, Nika, Vanja Lazić und Branko Kolarić. „First three months of COVID-19 in Croatia, Slovenia, Serbia and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina“. Infektološki glasnik 40, Nr. 2 (20.11.2020): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37797/ig.40.2.1.
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The uncertainty surrounding the emerging coronavirus threat prompted countries to adopt various disease control measures (DCMs). This study compares the DCMs and the epicurves in Croatia, Slovenia, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia in the first three months of COVID-19 epidemic. The open-source data of COVID-19 confirmed case and the DCMs were analyzed. For comparison between countries, seven benchmark DCMs were used: closure of educational institutions, complete lockdown, borders closure, public transport ban, restriction of movement within the country, easing of the lockdown measure, and the borders re-opening. The time passed from the first detected and confirmed COVID-19 case and each DCM was recorded as well as the time between the epidemic declaration and each DCM. The results describe comparatively the time flow of the DCMs across the countries and relative to the number of confirmed cases.
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Li, Ning, Junli Xu und Xianqing Lv. „Application of Dynamically Constrained Interpolation Methodology in Simulating National-Scale Spatial Distribution of PM2.5 Concentrations in China“. Atmosphere 12, Nr. 2 (18.02.2021): 272. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12020272.
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Numerous studies have revealed that the sparse spatiotemporal distributions of ground-level PM2.5 measurements affect the accuracy of PM2.5 simulation, especially in large geographical regions. However, the high precision and stability of ground-level PM2.5 measurements make their role irreplaceable in PM2.5 simulations. This article applies a dynamically constrained interpolation methodology (DCIM) to evaluate sparse PM2.5 measurements captured at scattered monitoring sites for national-scale PM2.5 simulations and spatial distributions. The DCIM takes a PM2.5 transport model as a dynamic constraint and provides the characteristics of the spatiotemporal variations of key model parameters using the adjoint method to improve the accuracy of PM2.5 simulations. From the perspective of interpolation accuracy and effect, kriging interpolation and orthogonal polynomial fitting using Chebyshev basis functions (COPF), which have been proved to have high PM2.5 simulation accuracy, were adopted to make a comparative assessment of DCIM performance and accuracy. Results of the cross validation confirm the feasibility of the DCIM. A comparison between the final interpolated values and observations show that the DCIM is better for national-scale simulations than kriging or COPF. Furthermore, the DCIM presents smoother spatially interpolated distributions of the PM2.5 simulations with smaller simulation errors than the other two methods. Admittedly, the sparse PM2.5 measurements in a highly polluted region have a certain degree of influence on the interpolated distribution accuracy and rationality. To some extent, adding the right amount of observations can improve the effectiveness of the DCIM around existing monitoring sites. Compared with the kriging interpolation and COPF, the results show that the DCIM used in this study would be more helpful for providing reasonable information for monitoring PM2.5 pollution in China.
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Schwartz, Y. S., M. I. Dushkin, V. A. Vavilin, E. V. Melnikova, O. M. Khoschenko, V. A. Kozlov, A. P. Agafonov et al. „Novel Conjugate of Moxifloxacin and Carboxymethylated Glucan with Enhanced Activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis“. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 50, Nr. 6 (Juni 2006): 1982–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00362-05.
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ABSTRACT Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an intracellular pathogen that persists within macrophages of the human host. One approach to improving the treatment of tuberculosis (TB) is the targeted delivery of antibiotics to macrophages using ligands to macrophage receptors. The moxifloxacin-conjugated dansylated carboxymethylglucan (M-DCMG) conjugate was prepared by chemically linking dansylcadaverine (D) and moxifloxacin (M) to carboxymethylglucan (CMG), a known ligand of macrophage scavenger receptors. The targeted delivery to macrophages and the antituberculosis activity of the conjugate M-DCMG were studied in vitro and in vivo. Using fluorescence microscopy, fluorimetry, and the J774 macrophage cell line, M-DCMG was shown to accumulate in macrophages through scavenger receptors in a dose-dependent (1 to 50 μg/ml) manner. After intravenous administration of M-DCMG into C57BL/6 mice, the fluorescent conjugate was concentrated in the macrophages of the lungs and spleen. Analyses of the pharmacokinetics of the conjugate demonstrated that M-DCMG was more rapidly accumulated and more persistent in tissues than free moxifloxacin. Importantly, therapeutic studies of mycobacterial growth in C57BL/6 mice showed that the M-DCMG conjugate was significantly more potent than free moxifloxacin.
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Desikan, Sai Prasad, Nathan Mclaughlin, Charles McClain und Raman Desikan. „Recurrent Colon Cancer: Presentation With Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation From Disseminated Carcinomatosis of the Bone Marrow“. Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports 9 (Januar 2021): 232470962110122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23247096211012224.
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Diffuse carcinomatosis of the bone marrow (DCBM) is a rare clinical condition characterized by diffuse bone marrow involvement with hematological changes. This case study concerns a patient who presented with DCBM secondary to colon cancer with diffuse intravascular coagulation. This is a rare presentation of DCBM in colon cancer. The case study also elaborates on clinical features, pathogenesis, and therapy of this unique presentation.
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Romeo, Hernán E., und María A. Fanovich. „TTCP-DCPA Based Calcium Phosphate Cements Containing Hybrid Microparticles as Drug Carriers“. Key Engineering Materials 396-398 (Oktober 2008): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.396-398.489.
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In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on the development of new composite materials for application as drug delivery systems. In this field, calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are often employed as support to delivery of drugs, but their behavior has some drawback related to the so-called burst effect. The aim of this work was to develop new CPCs formulations from synthesized tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP), dicalcium phosphate anhydrous TTCP and drug-containing hybrid microparticles (DCHM). The main function of these DCHM is providing nuclei of high concentration of drugs into the CPCs. The DCHM were synthesized via the sol-gel method from a bridged precursor of the type (H3CO)3 – Bridge – (OCH3)3 and aspirin (AS) as model drug. The inorganic polycondensation reached 89.5 % as calculated by 29Si NMR. The analysis by small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) reveled a short range structural ordering in the DCHM at molecular level. Effective incorporation of AS inside the microspheres was detected by FTIR spectroscopy. In vitro tests of DCHM according to ISO 10993-5 revealed non-cytotoxic behavior. Four CPCs formulations containing 0, 1, 5 and 10 wt % of DCHM, were evaluated. The presence of DCHM did not modify neither the degree of conversion to low-crystallinity HA nor the measured setting times of the CPCs, however, the amount of incorporated microparticles considerably affected the degree of porosity (macropores of 200 µm) and interconnectivity of the cement matrix.
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Zhang, Yuanzheng, Frank Maley, Gladys F. Maley, Garry Duncan, David D. Dunigan und James L. Van Etten. „Chloroviruses Encode a Bifunctional dCMP-dCTP Deaminase That Produces Two Key Intermediates in dTTP Formation“. Journal of Virology 81, Nr. 14 (02.05.2007): 7662–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00186-07.
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ABSTRACT The chlorovirus PBCV-1, like many large double-stranded DNA-containing viruses, contains several genes that encode putative proteins involved in nucleotide biosynthesis. This report describes the characterization of the PBCV-1 dCMP deaminase, which produces dUMP, a key intermediate in the synthesis of dTTP. As predicted, the recombinant protein has dCMP deaminase activity that is activated by dCTP and inhibited by dTTP. Unexpectedly, however, the viral enzyme also has dCTP deaminase activity, producing dUTP. Typically, these two reactions are catalyzed by proteins in separate enzyme classes; to our knowledge, this is the first example of a protein having both deaminase activities. Kinetic experiments established that (i) the PBCV-1 enzyme has a higher affinity for dCTP than for dCMP, (ii) dCTP serves as a positive heterotropic effector for the dCMP deaminase activity and a positive homotropic effector for the dCTP deaminase activity, and (iii) the enzymatic efficiency of the dCMP deaminase activity is about four times higher than that of the dCTP deaminase activity. Inhibitor studies suggest that the same active site is involved in both dCMP and dCTP deaminations. The discovery that the PBCV-1 dCMP deaminase has two activities, together with a previous report that the virus also encodes a functional dUTP triphosphatase (Y. Zhang, H. Moriyama, K. Homma, and J. L. Van Etten, J. Virol. 79:9945-9953, 2005), means that PBCV-1 is the first virus to encode enzymes involved in all three known pathways to form dUMP.
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Thuillier-Bruston, Francine, Regis Calvayrac und Evelyne Duval. „Partial Molecular Analysis of the psbA Gene in Euglena gracilis Mutants Exhibiting Resistance to DCMU and Atrazine“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 51, Nr. 9-10 (01.10.1996): 711–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1996-9-1016.
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Mutations conferring herbicide resistance have been detected in two new strains (ZR250 and ZR480) of Euglena gracilis Z by partial gene cloning and sequencing. These mutants were originally derived from Z cells grown in medium containing progressively increasing concentrations of DCMU. Each of these strains have been characterized by measuring their growth kinetics, O2 evolution, and resistance to DCMU and atrazine. Partial sequences of the psbA gene of these strains were compared to those published for strains Z and ZR25. The ZR250 and ZR480 strains were found to be double mutants. Besides the expected mutation S265A , they showed an additional point mutation at codon 219 (equivalent to codon 218 of other organisms). This mutation results in leucine being substituted by phenylalanine. For each of the ZR strains, two growth conditions (with or without DCMU in the medium ) have been compared. The presence of the second mutation (at codon 219) leads to notable increase (20-fold) in resistance to DCMU, whereas the resistance to atrazine is only 2-fold. The presence of DCMU, as the selective agent, was responsible for an enhanced herbicide resistance, irrespective of the concentrations used. Substantial modifications in the rate of cell growth and O2 yields were observed when the maximal concentration (480 μm) of DCMU was used. These modifications were reversible on withdrawal of the DCMU. Thus the reversible adaptative modifications also adds to the mutational effect observed
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Ren, Ying-Chun, Chun-Lan Huang, Su-Min Chen, Qiu-Yan Zhao, Xin-Jian Wan und Bai-Wen Li. „Dilation catheter-guided mini-forceps biopsy improves the diagnostic accuracy of malignant biliary strictures“. Endoscopy 50, Nr. 08 (02.07.2018): 809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-0630-0878.
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Abstract Background Tissue sampling for biliary stricture is important for differential diagnosis and further treatment. The aim of this study was to assess a novel dilation catheter-guided mini-forceps biopsy (DCMB) method in the diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. Methods 42 patients with malignant biliary stricture who underwent both brush cytology and DCMB during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography between October 2014 and November 2015 were retrospectively included. During DCMB, the mini biopsy forceps was introduced into the biliary stricture through the dilation catheter, and then the position and direction of the forceps were adjusted to obtain tissue samples. Results The positive rate of DCMB was significantly higher than that of brush cytology (81.0 % [34/42] vs. 38.1 % [16/42]; P < 0.001). No severe complications occurred; three patients (7.1 %) experienced mild procedure-related acute pancreatitis. Conclusions The novel DCMB technique was a practical, safe, efficient, and low-costing method for diagnosing malignant biliary stricture with a high accuracy rate.
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Mandal, Anirban, und Amitabh Singh. „Hypopituitarism: A Very Rare Cause of Dilated Cardiomyopathy in a Child“. Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 37, Nr. 2 (24.02.2018): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v37i2.17278.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP), the leading type of cardiomyopathy in children, can be either a primary disease or secondary to a host of pathologies. Endocrine diseases are an extremely rare cause of DCMP in children. Hypopituitarism (congenital or acquired), a rare condition in children, may present in a variety of phenotypes depending on the hormonal deficiency (partial vs. pan hypopituitarism) and associated developmental defects. We describe a 10 year old boy with short stature, severely retarded bone age and congestive cardiac failure (CCF). He was diagnosed to have DCMP with hypopituitarism. Review of literature reveal possible mechanisms of DCMP and CCF in hypopituitarism and probably also indicate favorable response to hormonal replacement therapy.
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Jeong, In Wha, und Tae Hyun Sung. „One-Cycle Control of Three-Phase Five-Level Diode-Clamped STATCOM“. Energies 14, Nr. 7 (25.03.2021): 1830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14071830.
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This paper presents a new multilevel one-cycle control (OCC) technique for a five-level diode-clamped multilevel converter (DCMC)-based static VAR compensator (STATCOM). The OCC algorithm in combination with multi-carrier level-shifted PWM control is used in the proposed five-level DCMC-based STATCOM. The automatic dc link voltage balance is simply realized by four voltage compensators presented as the part of the OCC controller. In this paper the OCC principle of a two-level converter-based STATCOM is reviewed and extended to the five-level DCMC-based STATCOM. The proposed multilevel OCC control method of the five-level DCMC-based STATCOM in steady-state and dynamic operation modes is verified by simulation and experimental results.
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Santer, Roger D. „Motion dazzle: a locust's eye view“. Biology Letters 9, Nr. 6 (23.12.2013): 20130811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2013.0811.
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Motion dazzle describes high-contrast patterns (e.g. zigzags on snakes and dazzle paint on World War I ships) that do not conceal an object, but inhibit an observer's perception of its motion. However, there is limited evidence for this phenomenon. Locusts have a pair of descending contralateral movement detector (DCMD) neurons which respond to predator-like looming objects and trigger escape responses. Within the network providing input to a DCMD, separate channels are excited when moving edges cause areas of the visual field to brighten or darken, respectively, and these stimuli interact antagonistically. When a looming square has an upper half and lower half that are both darker than background, it elicits a stronger DCMD response than the upper half does alone. However, when a looming square has a darker-than-background upper half and a brighter-than-background lower half, it elicits a weaker DCMD response than its upper half does alone. This effect allows high-contrast patterns to weaken and delay DCMD response parameters implicated in escape decisions, and is analogous to motion dazzle. However, the motion dazzle effect does not provide the best means of motion camouflage, because uniform bright squares, or low-contrast squares, elicit weaker DCMD responses than high-contrast, half dark, half bright squares.
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Shendge, Anil K., Sourav Panja, Tapasree Basu und Nripendranath Mandal. „A Tropical Lichen, Dirinaria consimilis Selectively Induces Apoptosis in MCF-7 Cells through the Regulation of p53 and Caspase-Cascade Pathway“. Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 20, Nr. 10 (20.08.2020): 1173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520620666200318095410.
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Background: Breast cancer is the most leading cause of death, with 49.9% of crude incidence rate and 12.9% of crude mortality rate. Natural resources have been extensively used throughout history for better and safer treatment against various diseases. Objectives: The present study was aimed to investigate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of a tropical lichen Dirinaria consimilis (DCME) and its phytochemical analysis. Methods: The DCME was preliminarily evaluated for ROS, and RNS scavenging potential. Furthermore, DCME was evaluated for in vitro anticancer activity through cell proliferation assay, cell cycle analysis, annexin V/PI staining, morphological analysis, and western blotting study. Finally, the HPLC and LC-MS analyses were done to identify probable bioactive compounds. Results: The in vitro antioxidant studies showed promising ROS, and RNS scavenging potential of DCME. Moreover, the in vitro antiproliferative study bared the cytotoxic nature of DCME towards MCF-7 (IC50 - 98.58 ± 6.82μg/mL) and non-toxic towards WI-38 (IC50 - 685.85 ± 19.51μg/mL). Furthermore, the flow-cytometric analysis revealed the increase in sub G1 population as well as early apoptotic populations dose-dependently. The results from confocal microscopy showed the DNA fragmentation in MCF-7 upon DCME treatment. Finally, the western blotting study revealed the induction of tumor suppressor protein, p53, which results in increasing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and activation of caspase-cascade pathways. Conclusion: The activation of caspase-3, -8, -9 and PARP degradation led us to conclude that DCME induces apoptosis in MCF-7 through both intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. The LC-MS analysis showed the presence of various bioactive compounds.
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Park, Seung-Min, und Sangho Lee. „Influence of Hydraulic Pressure on Performance Deterioration of Direct Contact Membrane Distillation (DCMD) Process“. Membranes 9, Nr. 3 (06.03.2019): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes9030037.
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Direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) is a membrane distillation (MD) configuration where feed and distillate directly contact with a hydrophobic membrane. Depending on its operating conditions, the hydraulic pressures of the feed and distillate may be different, leading to adverse effects on the performance of the DCMD process. Nevertheless, little information is available on how hydraulic pressure affects the efficiency of DCMD. Accordingly, this paper investigates the effect of external hydraulic pressure on the process efficiency of DCMD. Gas permeabilities of MD membranes were measured to analyze the effect of membrane compaction by external pressure. Mass transfer coefficients were calculated using experimental data to quantitatively explain the pressure effect. Experiments were also carried out using a laboratory-scale DCMD set-up. After applying the pressure, the cross-sections and surfaces of the membranes were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results showed that the membrane structural parameters such as porosity and thickness were changed under relatively high pressure conditions (>30 kPa), leading to reduction in flux. The mass transfer coefficients were also significantly influenced by the hydraulic pressure. Moreover, local wetting of the membranes were observed even below the liquid entry pressure (LEP), which decreased the rejection of salts. These results suggest that the control of hydraulic pressure is important for efficient operation of DCMD process.
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Renger, Gernot, Angela Kayed und Walter Oettmeier. „Interaction of Halogenated 1,4-Benzoquinones with System II of Photosynthesis“. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 42, Nr. 6 (01.06.1987): 698–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1987-0609.
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The interaction of halogenated p-benzoquinones with PS II has been analyzed by measurements of fluorescence induction curves and the average oxygen yield per flash in isolated class II chloroplasts. It was found: 1)The normalized area over the fluorescence induction curve in the presence of DCMU. A/Fmax, markedly increases if halogenated p-benzoquinones are added before DCMU. The effect is eliminated by DCMU addition prior to that of the quinones. 2)The extent of A/Fmax increases with increasing dark time between the additions of 2,3.5-tri- bromo-6-methyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBTO) and DCMU. respectively. 3) Some of the halogenated p-benzoquinones were found to act as efficient electron acceptors under repetitive excitation at low flash frequency (2 Hz). In the case of TBTO and 2,3-di-chloro-5-t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone (TBU 13) the sensitivity of the average oxygen yield per flash was shifted towards higher concentrations of DCMU. 4) Halogenated p-benzoquinones can also affect the stability of oxidizing redox equivalents in the water oxidizing enzyme system Y. This effect depends on the nature of the substituents. The present results are interpreted by the assumption of a covalent binding of halogenated p-benzoquinones in the vicinity of Qᴀ. This binding is prevented by DCMU. The possibility of allosteric interaction between the donor and acceptor side of PS II is discussed.
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Hajihoseini, Hamidreza, Movaffaq Kateb, Snorri Þorgeir Ingvarsson und Jon Tomas Gudmundsson. „Oblique angle deposition of nickel thin films by high-power impulse magnetron sputtering“. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (20.09.2019): 1914–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.186.
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Background: Oblique angle deposition is known for yielding the growth of columnar grains that are tilted in the direction of the deposition flux. Using this technique combined with high-power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) can induce unique properties in ferromagnetic thin films. Earlier we have explored the properties of polycrystalline and epitaxially deposited permalloy thin films deposited under 35° tilt using HiPIMS and compared it with films deposited by dc magnetron sputtering (dcMS). The films prepared by HiPIMS present lower anisotropy and coercivity fields than films deposited with dcMS. For the epitaxial films dcMS deposition gives biaxial anisotropy while HiPIMS deposition gives a well-defined uniaxial anisotropy. Results: We report on the deposition of 50 nm polycrystalline nickel thin films by dcMS and HiPIMS while the tilt angle with respect to the substrate normal is varied from 0° to 70°. The HiPIMS-deposited films are always denser, with a smoother surface and are magnetically softer than the dcMS-deposited films under the same deposition conditions. The obliquely deposited HiPIMS films are significantly more uniform in terms of thickness. Cross-sectional SEM images reveal that the dcMS-deposited film under 70° tilt angle consists of well-defined inclined nanocolumnar grains while grains of HiPIMS-deposited films are smaller and less tilted. Both deposition methods result in in-plane isotropic magnetic behavior at small tilt angles while larger tilt angles result in uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The transition tilt angle varies with deposition method and is measured around 35° for dcMS and 60° for HiPIMS. Conclusion: Due to the high discharge current and high ionized flux fraction, the HiPIMS process can suppress the inclined columnar growth induced by oblique angle deposition. Thus, the ferromagnetic thin films obliquely deposited by HiPIMS deposition exhibit different magnetic properties than dcMS-deposited films. The results demonstrate the potential of the HiPIMS process to tailor the material properties for some important technological applications in addition to the ability to fill high aspect ratio trenches and coating on cutting tools with complex geometries.
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Nugroho, Adi, und Ahmad Ashari. „DCOM, CORBA, JAVA RMI: KONSEP DAN TEKNIK DASAR PEMROGRAMAN“. Jurnal Sistem Informasi 7, Nr. 2 (15.07.2012): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.21609/jsi.v7i2.304.
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DCOM, CORBA, dan Java RMI adalah middleware yang memungkinkan komputasi jarak jauh atau komputasi tersebar. Meskipun telah terdapat konsep layanan web dan implementasi yang diterapkan dalam berbagai kasus saat ini, ketiga middleware di atas masih sering digunakan untuk lingkungan yang application-specific, yang membutuhkan performa lebih baik. Paper ini diharapkan akan memberikan gambaran mengenai DCOM, CORBA, dan Java RMI dari konsep hingga perbedaan yang paling mendasar terkait teknik pemrograman. DCOM, CORBA, and Java RMI are middleware that enable remote computing (distributed computing). Although we have Web Service concept and implementation that applied in many cases right now, all three still often used for applications-specific nature, which need the better performance. This paper is intended to give an overview of DCOM, CORBA, and Java RMI, from concept to most fundamental differences related to programming techniques.
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Saucier, Ashley N., Benjamin Ansa, Janis Coffin, Mariam Akhtar, Andre Miller, Holly Mahoney, Denise M. Hodo et al. „Patient perspectives of an individualized diabetes care management plan“. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 5, Nr. 2 (06.07.2017): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v5i2.1292.
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Purpose: This cross sectional study examines patients’ knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about a diabetic care management plan (DCMP) that was developed to provide patient education on diabetes guidelines and display individual diabetic core measures. Secondary objectives included a comparison of diabetic core measures [hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and urine microalbumin (Um)] before and after DCMP implementation. We hypothesize this tool will contribute to patients’ awareness of current disease status, diabetes knowledge and diabetic core value improvement over time.Methods: A consecutive sample of 102 adult patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in a primary care setting participated. Patients’ perspectives on the care plan and knowledge about diabetes was collected via survey after care plan implementation. A comparison of selected diabetic core measures was conducted at baseline and post-DCMP. Descriptive statistics summarized survey response and diabetic core measures. A repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess change in diabetic core measures over time. Results: Participants understood the DCMP (96%), found it important because it explained their laboratory results and medications (89%) and believed it would help them to have better diabetic control (99%). There was a significant interaction between time and being at goal pre-DCMP for HbA1c, SBP and LDL. Patients not at goal pre-DCMP for the above measures decreased significantly over time (P = <0.01 for HbA1c, SBP and LDL). Participants at goal for all diabetic core measures increased pre- to post-DCMP from 13% to 20% (P = 0.28).Conclusion: Patients perceived the diabetic care management plan favorably and their diabetic core measurements improved over time. This simple and reproducible self-management intervention can enhance self-management in a patient population with diabetes mellitus type 2.
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Silva, Ana C., Glyn A. McMillan, Cristina P. Santos und John R. Gray. „Background complexity affects response of a looming-sensitive neuron to object motion“. Journal of Neurophysiology 113, Nr. 1 (01.01.2015): 218–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00478.2014.
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An increasing number of studies show how stimulus complexity affects the responses of looming-sensitive neurons across multiple animal taxa. Locusts contain a well-described, descending motion-sensitive pathway that is preferentially looming sensitive. However, the lobula giant movement detector/descending contralateral movement detector (LGMD/DCMD) pathway responds to more than simple objects approaching at constant, predictable trajectories. In this study, we presented Locusta migratoria with a series of complex three-dimensional visual stimuli presented while simultaneously recording DCMD activity extracellularly. In addition to a frontal looming stimulus, we used a combination of compound trajectories (nonlooming transitioning to looming) presented at different velocities and onto a simple, scattered, or progressive flow field background. Regardless of stimulus background, DCMD responses to looming were characteristic and related to previously described effects of azimuthal approach angle and velocity of object expansion. However, increasing background complexity caused reduced firing rates, delayed peaks, shorter rise phases, and longer fall phases. DCMD responded to transitions to looming with a characteristic drop in a firing rate that was relatively invariant across most stimulus combinations and occurred regardless of stimulus background. Spike numbers were higher in the presence of the scattered background and reduced in the flow field background. We show that DCMD response time to a transition depends on unique expansion parameters of the moving stimulus irrespective of background complexity. Our results show how background complexity shapes DCMD responses to looming stimuli, which is explained within a behavioral context.
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Kim, Y., und H. A. Park. „Development and Validation of Detailed Clinical Models for Nursing Problems in Perinatal care“. Applied Clinical Informatics 02, Nr. 02 (2011): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4338/aci-2011-01-ra-0007.
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SummaryObjectives: The aims of this study were to develop detailed clinical models (DCMs) for nursing problems related to perinatal care and to test the applicability of these detailed clinical models. Methods: First, we extracted entities of nursing problems by analyzing nursing-problem statements from nursing records, reviewing the literature, and interviewing nurse experts. Second, we extracted attributes and possible values needed to describe the entities in more detail by again analyzing nursing statements, reviewing the literature, and consulting nurse experts. Third, DCMs were modeled by linking each entity with possible attributes with value sets and optionalities. Fourth, entities, attributes and value sets in the DCMs were mapped to the International Classification for Nursing Practice (ICNP) version 2. Finally, DCMs were validated by consulting a group of experts and by applying them to real clinical data and nursing care scenarios published in the literature. The adequacy of the entities, attributes, value sets, and optionalities of the attributes were validated.Results: Fifty-eight entities were identified, 41 entities from nursing records, 12 entities from literature review and 5 entities from nurse experts. Sixty-five attributes with values were identified, 25 attributes from nursing records, 34 attributes from literature review, and 6 attributes from nurse experts. In total 58 DCMs were developed and validated.Conclusions: The DCMs developed in this study can ensure that electronic health records contain meaningful and valid information, and support the semantic interoperability of nursing information.
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Choi, Jun Young, Yu Min Suh, Ji Woong Yeom und Jin Soo Suh. „Comparison of Postoperative Height Changes of the Second Metatarsal Among 3 Osteotomy Methods for Hallux Valgus Deformity Correction“. Foot & Ankle International 38, Nr. 1 (30.09.2016): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071100716666566.
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Background: We aimed to compare the postoperative height of the second metatarsal head relative to the first metatarsal head using axial radiographs among 3 different commonly used osteotomy techniques: proximal chevron metatarsal osteotomy (PCMO), scarf osteotomy, and distal chevron metatarsal osteotomy (DCMO). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the radiographs and clinical findings of the patients with painful callosities under the second metatarsal head, complicated by hallux valgus, who underwent isolated PCMO, scarf osteotomy, or DCMO from February 2005 to January 2015. Each osteotomy was performed with 20 degrees of plantar ward obliquity. Along with lateral translation and rotation of the distal fragment to correct the deformity, lowering of the first metatarsal head was made by virtue of the oblique metatarsal osteotomy. Results: Significant postoperative change in the second metatarsal height was observed on axial radiographs in all groups; this value was greatest in the PCMO group (vs scarf: P = .013; vs DCMO: P = .008) but did not significantly differ between the scarf and DCMO groups ( P = .785). The power for second metatarsal height correction was significantly greater in the PCMO group (vs scarf: P = .0005; vs DCMO: P = .0005) but did not significantly differ between the scarf and DCMO groups ( P = .832). Conclusions: Among the 3 osteotomy techniques commonly used to correct hallux valgus deformity, we observed that PCMO yielded the most effective height change of the second metatarsal head. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
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Matos, Roberta Souza de, Irineu Manoel de Souza und Flora Moritz da Silva. „PRÁTICAS DE GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO DO DEPARTAMENTO DE COMPRAS DE UMA UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL“. Revista Conhecimento Online 1 (11.01.2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25112/rco.v1i0.1485.
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A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as práticas de gestão do conhecimento presentes no Departamento de Compras - DCOM de uma universidade federal brasileira, com o intuito de perceber os resultados que estas práticas trazem para o departamento e identificar as práticas ausentes e que poderão ser adotadas pelo DCOM. Para tanto, realizou-se análise documental, observação e entrevista semiestruturada com os doze membros disponíveis do DCOM. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza aplicada, descritiva e com abordagem qualitativa. A gestão do conhecimento vem ganhando importância nas organizações, sendo o conhecimento apontado como um valioso fator de sucesso da atualidade. Por meio dos resultados da pesquisa, identificou-se à presença das práticas de: Coaching, Educação Corporativa, Sistemas Workflow, GED, Mapeamento de processos, Lições Aprendidas, Melhores Práticas, Portal Corporativo, Aprendizagem Organizacional, Mentoring e Normalização e Padronização. Em contrapartida as práticas ausentes no DCOM são: Comunidades de Prática, Benchmarking, Memória Organizacional, Gestão por Competência, Inteligência Competitiva, Mapeamento de Conhecimentos e Relacionamento com cliente. Dessa forma, propõe-se um modelo de implantação das práticas que poderão ser adotadas pelo DCOM, a fim de proporcionar melhorias no desempenho organizacional. ge
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Poglajen, Gregor, Gregor Zemljič, Sabina Frljak, Andraž Cerar, Vesna Andročec, Matjaž Sever und Peter Černelč. „Stem Cell Therapy in Patients with Chronic Nonischemic Heart Failure“. Stem Cells International 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6487812.
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Aim of the Review. The aim of this review is to discuss recent advances in clinical aspects of stem cell therapy in chronic nonischemic heart failure (DCMP) with emphasis on patient selection, stem cell types, and delivery methods. Recent Findings. Several stem cell types have been considered for the treatment of DCMP patients. Bone marrow-derived cells and CD34+ cells have been demonstrated to improve myocardial performance, functional capacity, and neurohumoral activation. Furthermore, allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells were also shown to be effective in improving heart function in this patient population; this may represent an important step towards the development of a standardized stem cell product for widespread clinical use in patients with DCMP. Summary. The trials of stem cell therapy in DCMP patients have shown some promising results, thus making DCMP apparently more inviting target for stem cell therapy than chronic ischemic heart failure, where studies to date failed to demonstrate a consistent effect of stem cells on myocardial performance. Future stem cell strategies should aim for more personalized therapeutic approach by establishing the optimal stem cell type or their combination, dose, and delivery method for an individual patient adjusted for patient’s age and stage of the disease.
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Padhilah, Faris Adnan, und Kyeong-Hwa Kim. „A Power Flow Control Strategy for Hybrid Control Architecture of DC Microgrid under Unreliable Grid Connection Considering Electricity Price Constraint“. Sustainability 12, Nr. 18 (16.09.2020): 7628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12187628.
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This paper presents a power flow control strategy for a hybrid control architecture of the DC microgrid (DCMG) system under an unreliable grid connection considering the constraint of electricity price. To overcome the limitation of the existing schemes, a hybrid control architecture which combines the centralized control and distributed control is applied to control DCMG. By using the hybrid control approach, a more optimal and reliable DCMG system can be constructed even though a fault occurs in the grid or a central controller (CC). The power flow control strategy for the hybrid DCMG control architecture also takes the constraint of electricity price into account for the purpose of minimizing the electricity cost. In the proposed hybrid control, the high bandwidth communication (HBC) link is used in the centralized control to connect the CC with DCMG power agents. On the other hand, the low bandwidth communication (LBC) link is employed to constitute the distributed control. A small size of data is used to exchange the information fast between the agents and CC, or between each agent and its neighbors, which increases the reliability and robustness of the DCMG system in case of a fault in the communication link of the centralized control. A DCMG system with 400-V rated DC-link voltage which consists of a wind power agent, a battery agent, a grid agent, a load agent, and a CC is constructed in this study by using three power converters based on 32-bit floating point digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335 controller. Various simulation and experimental results prove that the proposed scheme improves the system stability and robustness even in the presence of a fault in the communication link of the centralized control. In addition, the proposed scheme is capable of maintaining the DC-link voltage stably at the nominal value without severe transients both in the centralized control and distributed control, as well as both in the grid-connected case and islanded case. Finally, the scalability of the DCMG system is tested by adding and removing additional wind power agent and battery agent during a certain period.