Thematische Bibliographien / Damping of pressure pulsations

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Damping of pressure pulsations“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 1. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Ma, Quyang, Zhenhuan Wu, Guoan Yang, Yue Ming und Zheng Xu. „Pulsation suppression in a reciprocating compressor piping system using a two-tank element“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 232, Nr. 4 (06.06.2017): 427–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408917713436.

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Gas pulsations excited by reciprocating compressors could introduce severe vibrations and noise in piping systems. When pulsating gas flows through the reducers, the changes in flow characteristics, such as velocity and damping coefficient, will affect the pressure pulsations. To circumvent these constraints, a two-tank element is introduced to control the gas pulsation that is still strong in the piping system with a surge tank. Installing another surge tank to form a two-tank element is more flexible and costs lower than replacing the original surge tank with a larger one. In this work, a theoretical model based on the wave theory was proposed to study the transferring mechanism of gas pulsations in the pipeline with the two-tank element. By considering the damping coefficient and the Mach number, the distributions of the pressure pulsations were predicted by the theoretical model and agreed with the three-dimensional fluid dynamics transient analysis. Three experiments were conducted to prove that the suppression capability of the two-tank element is as good as that of a single-tank element (surge tank) with the same surge volume. The volume optimization of the two-tank element is implemented by selecting the best allocations of the two tanks’ volumes to achieve larger reductions of pressure pulsations. Assuming that the total surge volume is constant, we found that the smaller the volume of the front tank (near the cylinder) is, the lower the pulsation levels are. The optimized result proves that in some conditions the two-tank element could control pulsations better than the single-tank element with the same surge volume.

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Himr, Daniel, Vladimír Habán und Simona Fialová. „Influence of Second Viscosity on Pressure Pulsation“. Applied Sciences 9, Nr. 24 (12.12.2019): 5444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9245444.

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A mathematical model of pulsating flow is proposed in the paper. The model includes more accurate description of energy dissipation, so it allows, for example, better stability analysis of water power plant control and more effective operation. Flow in a pipeline system is usually treated as a one-dimensional flow. This is also applied for more difficult cases of the Newtonian and non-Newtonian liquids simulations in the rigid or flexible pipes. Computational simulations of pressure pulsations in pipelines often predict lower damping than what the experimental results show. This discrepancy can be caused by neglecting one of the important damping mechanisms. The second viscosity describes the energy losses due to the compressibility of the liquid. Its existence and use in the computations specifies the real pulsations damping descriptions and predictions. A frequency dependent model of pressure pulsations including second viscosity is introduced. The second viscosity is determined from the system eigenvalue. The experiments were performed with water for low frequencies (from 0.1 to 1 kHz). This area is not fully covered by the current available research results.

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Himr, Daniel, und Vladimir Haban. „Damping of Self-Excited Pressure Pulsations in Petrodiesel Pipeline“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 630 (September 2014): 375–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.630.375.

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A pumping station in a fuel storage suffered from pressure pulsations in a petrodiesel pipeline. Check valves protecting the station against back flow made a big noise when disc hit a seat. Due to employees complaints we were asked to solve the problem, which could lead to serious mechanical problems. Pressure measurement in the pipeline showed great pulsations, which were caused by self-excited oscillation of control valves at the downstream end of pipeline. The operating measurement did not catch it because of too low sampling frequency. One dimensional numerical model of the whole hydraulic system was carried out. The model consisted of check valve, pipeline and control valve, which could oscillate, so it was possible to simulate the unsteady flow. When the model was validated, a vessel with nitrogen was added to attenuate pressure pulsations. According to the results of numerical simulation, the vessel was installed on the location. Subsequent measurement proved noticeably lower pulsations and almost no noise.

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Ma, Quyang, Zhenhuan Wu, Mengjun Li und Guoan Yang. „Pulsation attenuation in a reciprocating compressor piping system using a volume-perforated pipe-volume suppressor“. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, Nr. 17 (11.09.2017): 3074–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217729422.

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A volume-perforated pipe-volume suppressor is introduced to study its performance in attenuating pressure pulsations. On the basis of plane wave theory, the work developed a mathematical model to predict the distribution of pressure pulsations in a reciprocating compressor piping system with the proposed suppressor. The theoretical predictions were verified through experiments and three-dimensional fluid dynamics transient simulations, and good agreements were attained. Results proved that the pressure pulsations were attenuated significantly when the suppressor was used. In the frequency domain, the amplitude at the first pulsation frequency was decreased considerably. Both the perforation and cross-sectional areas of the perforated pipe could influence the attenuating capacity. Given a fixed ratio of perforation area to cross-sectional area, the best damping performance could be obtained by increasing the number of perforated holes and reducing the hole diameter. The geometric recommendations produced in this work are useful to control pulsations and vibrations under different functioning conditions.

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Himr, Daniel, Vladimír Habán und David Štefan. „Inner Damping of Water in Conduit of Hydraulic Power Plant“. Sustainability 13, Nr. 13 (25.06.2021): 7125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137125.

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The operation of any hydraulic power plant is accompanied by pressure pulsations that are caused by vortex rope under the runner, rotor–stator interaction and various transitions during changes in operating conditions or start-ups and shut-downs. Water in the conduit undergoes volumetric changes due to these pulsations. Compression and expansion of the water are among the mechanisms by which energy is dissipated in the system, and this corresponds to the second viscosity of water. The better our knowledge of energy dissipation, the greater the possibility of a safer and more economic operation of the hydraulic power plant. This paper focuses on the determination of the second viscosity of water in a conduit. The mathematical apparatus, which is described in the article, is applied to data obtained during commissioning tests in a water storage power plant. The second viscosity is determined using measurements of pressure pulsations in the conduit induced with a ball valve. The result shows a dependency of second viscosity on the frequency of pulsations.

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Lato, T., und A. Mohany. „Passive damping of pressure pulsations in pipelines using Herschel-Quincke tubes“. Journal of Sound and Vibration 448 (Mai 2019): 160–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2019.02.020.

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Lepeshkin, A. A., L. A. Berdnikov, M. G. Korzhachkin und V. A. Panov. „Damping of pressure pulsations in the fuel system of the motor“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1086, Nr. 1 (01.03.2021): 012011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1086/1/012011.

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Lato, T., A. Mohany und M. Hassan. „A passive damping device for suppressing acoustic pressure pulsations: The infinity tube“. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 146, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2019): 4534–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5139886.

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Britsyn, S. V., M. V. Ryabinin und S. E. Semenov. „OSCILLATION DAMPER CALCULATION BASED ON THE ELECTRO HYDRAULIC ANALOGY“. Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, Nr. 275 (2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.02.pp.017-024.

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The method of the synthesis and the pressure fluctuations damping calculation based on the electro-hydraulic analogy is proposed. The mathematical model describing the processes of unsteady fluid flow through the device is developed. Using the composed transfer function and its approximation, the oscillation damper parameters identification to reduce the outlet pressure pulsations in the triplex plunger pump is carried out.

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TEMKIN, S. „Radial pulsations of a fluid sphere in a sound wave“. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 380 (10.02.1999): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112098003401.

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This paper presents analytical results for the temperature and pressure fluctuations in a droplet or bubble pulsating in a sound wave, the related damping coefficients, as well as the corresponding sound attenuation coefficients for dilute suspensions. The study is limited to small-amplitude motions but includes the effects of compressibility and heat conduction in the fluid outside the particle. Results are obtained for both average and surface values of the particle's temperature and pressure fluctuations that are applicable to droplets in gases and liquids, and to gas bubbles in liquids. In the latter instance, it is found that the bubble's response exhibits a clear resonant peak at the isothermal natural frequency, that acoustic radiation is the dominant dissipation mechanism near resonance, and that the disturbances produced by the bubble in the liquid significantly reduce the thermal damping at most frequencies. Similar conclusions apply for droplets in liquids, except that the effects of resonance are significantly diminished.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Čepl, Ondřej. „Tlumení tlakových pulzací a snižování hluku v potrubních systémech“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-444301.

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The diploma thesis deals with pressure pulsations in pipeline system with dynamic muffler. There is presented original geometry of side-branch resonator. Pressure pulsations are solved by a created mathematical model, numerical simulations and verified by an experimental approach. The influence of dynamic and bulk viscosity is involved in derived governing equations. A system of nonlinear equations is solved by genetic algorithm and frequency dependent relationship of bulk viscosity of air is determined afterwards. The correct function of used pressure sensors is tested. The processing of experimental data is performed by the fast Fourier transform with coherent sampling. Finally, a comparison of analytical, numerical and experimental approaches is introduced for different geometric variants of presented muffler.

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Kobro, Einar. „Measurement of Pressure Pulsations in Francis Turbines“. Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for energi- og prosessteknikk, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-11715.

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The work presented in this thesis involves preparation and execution of measurements on Francis runners. The measurements were performed by means of onboard measuring equipment both in model runners and full-scale prototype runners. Also, analysis of the measured data, and the discussion of the results, is presented. The measurements resulted in large data sets. These data sets were used by the author to investigate the dynamic pressure and strain in the runners. The results of the analysis can be used as input in future turbine design. Andritz Hydro AG has used the data for verification of their numerical simulation tools. In connection with the refurbishment of Tokke power plant, two model runners were made available for onboard pressure measurements. To investigate the dynamic pressure in these runners, methods for integration of pressure transducers in the runner blades needed to be developed. After initial difficulties during the preparation, successful measurements were obtained from both model runners. At Tokke power plant, both the original and replacement runners were made accessible for onboard pressure and strain gauge measurements. On the original Kværner Brug AS runner, the test was prepared and performed by the author. This test failed, due to water intrusion in the logging chain. The second test was performed on the Andritz Hydro AG replacement runner. This test was prepared and performed by the author in close cooperation with Andritz Hydro AG, and the results were successful. The analysis results from both model and prototype runners show that the wake leaving the guide vanes is the most severe source of dynamic pressure in the runner. The draft tube vortex rope pulsation propagates upstream the runner, but does not appear as a significant frequency in the runner strain measurements.

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Branner, James Lester. „Noise due to pressure pulsations in a pressure-balanced sliding vane pump“. Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/101167.

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An experimental investigation of noise in a pressure-balanced sliding vane pump was conducted. The test pump for this research was used in an automobile's hydraulic power steering system. As currently designed, a small portion of the manufactured pumps generate excessive noise during operation. An experimental test stand facility was used to represent a power steering system for analysis of the excessive noise problem with the objective of determining ways to reduce the noise. Through signature analysis techniques, the sliding vane pump noise was related to the pump's pressure pulsations. The pulsations consisted of three types of pressure oscillations: the pressure ripple with a fundamental component at the vane passage frequency together with harmonics; the low-frequency pressure oscillation with a fundamental component at the rotational frequency together with harmonics; and the high-frequency pressure oscillation. The fundamental vane passage frequency and its harmonics dominated the noise signal frequency spectrum. The pump's internal leakage, which was a function of three clearances in the pumping chamber, determined the magnitude of the pressure pulsations. If the pumping chamber components had inadequate clearances, the pump produced excessive pressure pulsations for a given discharge pressure and, consequently, excessive fluid-borne noise generation. Thus, this study indicated increasing the pump's clearances would minimize the pump's noise generation.
M.S.

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DHANORE, NISHANT. „Impact of Pressure Pulsations on Diesel Air Path Control and Compensation Measures“. Thesis, KTH, Maskinkonstruktion (Avd.), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-251023.

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Stricter pollution norms have led to increased efforts to achieve lower emissions. Exhaust Gas Re-circulation (EGR) is a well known measure to reduce NOx internally in the engine. In order to achieve better performance of an engine in terms of emissions it is very essential to control the flow of exhaust gases through EGR valve. Generally, an Engine Control Unit (ECU) uses mean value models or map-based approaches to calculate the mass flow through EGR valve. The main driving factor of the mass flow through an EGR valve i.e. the exhaust gas pressure is continuously fluctuating throughout an engine cycle. This continuous change in the pressure lead to variations in the mass flow through EGR valve, thus introducing inaccuracies in the desired flow through EGR valve, thereby affecting the engine performance greatly. Hence it is very essential to consider the pulsations in a combustion cycle. In this thesis an EGR valve model is developed in Matlab/Simulink environment. The model is able to consider the effect of exhaust pressure pulsations and is found to be more accurate than the mean value models used in the ECU.

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Panko, Martin. „Tlumení tlakových pulsací v pružných potrubích“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228178.

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This diploma thesis deals with numerical simulation of pressure pulsations in elastic pipes. Continuity relation of fluid in elastic pipes, when calculating some damping in pipe material, is derived into practice. Rheological model of such a pipe corresponds to Voigt (Kelvin) model. For analysing dynamic effects in time periods are used numerical methods that deal with flow of compressible fluid: FTCS, Lax-Friedrichs and Lax-Wendroff method. The numerical results are confronted with the experiment. During the experiment simulation the method considers speed of sound in liquid like a function of pressure. This diploma thesis lays partial principles for finding elastic constants for describing dynamic characteristics of elastic pipes by measuring the pressure pulsations.

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Spence, R. „CFD Analyses of Centrifugal Pumps with Emphasis on Factors Affecting Internal Pressure Pulsations“. Thesis, Cranfield University, 2006. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7598.

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The operation of centrifugal pumps can generate instabilities and pressure pulsations that may be detrimental to the integrity and performance of the pump. Until recently these pressure pulsations could only be determined experimentally which resulted in a limited understanding of pressure pulsations around the pump. Industrial pump guarantees are limited to pulsation levels measured at the discharge. However, numerical analysis techniques have advanced to such a stage that they can now be used to explore these effects. The multi-block, structured grid CFD code TASCflow was used to investigate the time variation of pressure within a complete centrifugal pump. A parametric study covered four geometric parameters, namely the cutwater gap, vane arrangement, snubber gap and the sidewall clearance. Taguchi methods allowed the number of transient analyses to be limited to a total of twenty seven. Three flow rates were investigated and the pulsations were extracted at fifteen different locations covering important pump regions. The velocity flow patterns from the transient analyses exhibited important features that were in agreement with two independent sources. The transient flow results compared reasonably with the Weir experimental tests and clearly indicated the pump locations experiencing the largest pulsation levels. It was also noted that monitoring pulsations at the top dead centre of the pump volute casing would provide a better indication of internal pump pulsations than monitoring at the discharge. Taguchi post-processing analysis tools were used to rank the relative importance of the four geometric parameters at each location for each flow rate. The cutwater gap and vane arrangement were found to exert the greatest influence across the various monitored locations and the flow range. However the snubber gap had a dominant influence on the pressure differential across the impeller shroud and pulses in the pressure differential were evident at reduced flows. Through a rationalisation process reductions in pressure pulsations aimed at increased component life and reduced noise/vibration have resulted in a single recommended geometric arrangement. Further analyses confirmed that the new arrangement did indeed produce lesser pulsations levels. Multiple steady state simulations were analysed to determine if they were a viable substitute for the transient analyses. However it was demonstrated that the steady state pulsations did not adequately capture the magnitude and phase of the pulsations shown by the transient results. Likewise the steady state analyses were unable to predict trends for two differing pump geometries. In order to identify the implications of the CFD data for mechanical integrity, the pressure differential predicted by the transient analyses was compared with the pressure loadings currently utilised in Weir design guidelines; this resulted in a new recommendation for use in future designs. Also finite element analyses were conducted using four pressure loadings taken from the numerical results and a centrifugal loading. These supported the recommendation for an increased loading to be used in the design guidelines. The stress levels at the impeller outlet were found to be extremely sensitive to the snubber gap. The completion of this project has allowed a useful set of recommendations to be made regarding the design of high head double entry pumps.

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Okeng'o, Geoffrey Onchong’a. „A theoretical study of stellart pulsations in young brown dwarfs“. Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2567.

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Magister Scientiae - Msc
This thesis reports the results of a twofold study on the recently proposed phenomenon of ‘stellar pulsations’ in young brown dwarfs by the seminal study of Palla and Baraffe (2005) (PB05, thereafter). The PB05 study presents results of a non-adiabatic linear stability analysis showing that young brown dwarfs should become pulsationally unstable during the deuterium burning phase of their evolution.
South Africa

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Schoemacker, Florian, Felix Fischer und Katharina Schmitz. „Damping strategies for energy efficient pressure controllers of variable displacement pumps“. Technische Universität Dresden, 2020. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A71108.

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In hydraulic-mechanically controlled variable displacement pumps, the actual pump controller produces additional power losses. Due to the low damping coefficients of all pump controller’s components, hydraulic-mechanically pressure controlled pumps use to oscillate while adjusting the pressure level in the hydraulic system. In several state-of-the-art variable pump controllers, a damping orifice connects the control actuator’s displacement chamber with the reservoir. This bypass dampens the movement of the control actuator but also leads to bypass losses during steady-state operation of the pump. A new concept for damping via feedback loops avoiding bypass losses is presented in t his paper.

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Ozdemir, Sahika. „Design Considerations And Performance Evaluation Of A Surge Tank For Diaphragm Pump Operation“. Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612662/index.pdf.

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This thesis is performed to evaluate the design consideration and performance characteristics of a surge tank for a diaphragm pump operation and to evaluate the proper volume and inlet area of surge tank in order to reduce the pulsations of the discharge pressure. An experimental set up is constructed for a three diaphragm positive displacement pump and the experiments are conducted afterwards. The surge tanks having different volumes and the surge tank inlet area configurations are tested in order to achieve the minimum peak to peak pulsations. Experiments showed that among the different sizes of the surge tanks, the minimum peak to peak pulsations are achieved with the largest volume which is the original surge tank of the test pump used by the pump manufacturer. This result is supported by the literature which states that with greater surge tank size the magnitude of pulsations can be diminished more. Regarding the surge tank inlet area design
among the eight different adaptors a proper inlet area value is concluded having the minimum peak to peak pulsations also smaller than the original configuration.

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Joy, Jesline. „Mitigation of Pressure Pulsations in Francis Turbine Draft Tube with a GuideVane System : A Numerical Investigation“. Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Strömningslära och experimentell mekanik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-83990.

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The use of renewable energy such as water and wind to produce electricity has been proven extremely effective in Sweden. The ability of these renewable resources to produce clean output energy counters the adversities caused by non-renewable resources. The use of hydraulic turbines is a good example of favoured technique for energy and power production using renewable resources. The hydro-turbines are designed to operate at best efficiency point (BEP). Varying energy demands in recent years implies on the need of flexible operation of hydraulic turbines. The issue of pressure pulsations in the draft tube of hydro-turbines, observed at lower operating conditions has been unresolved for many years. These pressure pulsations are related to the ‘rotating vortex rope’ (RVR) observed at part load operation and, affects the lifespan and performance of the hydro-turbine adversely. Several techniques have been investigated in the past to reduce the pressure pulsations in the draft tube at part load operation and enhance the flexibility of the turbine. During the present research study, a passive flow control technique was investigated numerically by implementing a guide vane system in the draft tube of the Francis-99model turbine. Guide vanes are mechanical devices that can direct the flow in a desired direction. The current study presents the possibility of reducing the pressure pulsations in the draft tube by mitigating the RVR using a guide vane system in the draft tube. At the initial stages of the research study, a reduced numerical model of the Francis model turbine was developed by only considering the draft tube domain. The motive was to develop a reduced model to perform the parametric analysis for the guide vane system in the draft tube with reduced computational time, power, and storage. The results obtained from the numerical study were found to be in good agreement with theFrancis-99 semi-model with passage domains. A parametric study was performed to achieve a guide vane system design that could mitigate RVR with minimum losses. During this study, the number of guide vanes, the chord and the span of the guide vanes were investigated. It was found that a set of three guide vane system with chord of 86% of runner radius and leading-edge span of 30% of runner radius is an ideal design that mitigates RVR above 95%.

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Bücher zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Bagnall, Stephen M. Impact damping of high pressure turbine blades. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1985.

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University of Wyoming. Dept. of Civil and Architectural Engineering. Traffic signal pole research (damping). Laramie, WY: Dept. of Civil and Architectural Engineering, University of Wyoming, 2001.

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Pressure, Vessels and Piping Conference (1988 Pittsburgh Pa ). Damping--1988: Presented at the 1988 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 19-23, 1988. New York, N.Y. (345 E. 47th St., New York 10017): American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988.

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Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (1992 New Orleans, La.). DOE facilities programs, systems interaction, and active/inactive damping: Presented at the 1992 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, New Orleans, Louisiana, June 21-25, 1992. Herausgegeben von Lin Chi-Wen, Chen W. W und American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Pressure Vessels and Piping Division. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992.

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Childs, Dara W. SSME seal test program: Test results for smooth, hole-pattern, and helically grooved stators : interim progress report. College Station, Tex: Texas A&M, Turbomachinery Laboratories, Mechanical Engineering Dept., 1987.

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F, Hara, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Prssure Vessels and Piping Division. und Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (1991 : San Diego, Calif.), Hrsg. Active and passive damping, 1991: Presented at the 1991 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, San Diego, California, June 23-27, 1991. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1991.

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Karim-Panahi, K. Advances in Vibration Issues, Active and Passive Vibration Mitigation, Damping and Seismic Isolation: Presented at the 1995 Joint Asme/Jsme Pressure V (Pvp). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995.

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K, Karim-Panahi, American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Pressure Vessels and Piping Division., American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Materials Division., American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Nondestructive Evaluation Engineering Division. und Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference (1995 : Honolulu, Hawaii), Hrsg. Advances in vibration issues, active and passive vibration mitigation, damping and seismic isolation: Presented at the 1995 Joint ASME/JSME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, July 23-27, 1995. New York: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995.

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Whittle, Ian. Raised intracranial pressure, cerebral oedema, and hydrocephalus. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0604.

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The brain is protected by the cranial skeleton. Within the intracranial compartment are also cerebrospinal fluid, CSF, and the blood contained within the brain vessels. These intracranial components are in dynamic equilibrium due to the pulsations of the heart and the respiratory regulated return of venous blood from the brain. Normally the mean arterial blood pressure, systemic venous pressure, and brain volume are regulated to maintain physiological values for intracranial pressure, ICP. There are a range of very common disorders such as stroke, and much less common, such as idiopathic intracranial hypertension, that are associated with major disturbances of intracranial pressure dynamics. In some of these the contribution to pathophysiology is relatively minor whereas in others it may be substantial and be a major contributory factor to morbidity or even death.Intracranial pressure can be disordered because of brain oedema, disturbances in CSF flow, mass lesions, and vascular engorgement of the brain. Each of these may have variable causes and there may be interactions between mechanisms. In this chapter the normal regulation of intracranial pressure is outlined and some common disease states in clinical neurological practice that are characterized by either primary or secondary problems in intracranial pressure dynamics described.

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Damping--1988: Presented at the 1988 ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 19-23, 1988. New York, N.Y: American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1988.

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Buchteile zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Constant, Jules. „Jugular Pressure and Pulsations“. In Essentials of Bedside Cardiology, 63–88. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-338-5_4.

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Weik, Martin H. „damping pressure roller“. In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 335. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_4153.

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Kercan, Vladimir, Marin Bajd, Vesko Djelić, Andrej Lipej und Dragica Jošt. „Model and Prototype Draft Tube Pressure Pulsations“. In Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, 994–1003. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9385-9_101.

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Magnoli, M. V., und R. Schilling. „Numerical Simulation of Pressure Pulsations in Francis Turbines“. In Advances in Hydroinformatics, 389–403. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4451-42-0_32.

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van Buren, Simon, und Wolfgang Polifke. „Heat Transfer in Pulsating Flow and Its Impact on Temperature Distribution and Damping Performance of Acoustic Resonators“. In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 97–111. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_6.

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Abstract A numerical framework for the prediction of acoustic damping characteristics is developed and applied to a quarter-wave resonator with non-uniform temperature. The results demonstrate a significant impact of the temperature profile on the damping characteristics and hence the necessity of accurate modeling of heat transfer in oscillating flow. Large Eddy Simulations are applied to demonstrate and quantify enhancement in heat transfer induced by pulsations. The study covers wall-normal heat transfer in pulsating flow as well as longitudinal convective effects in oscillating flow. A discussion of hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layers provides insight into the flow physics of oscillatory convective heat transfer.

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Bek, M., A. Oseli, I. Saprunov, N. Holeček, B. S. von Bernstorff und I. Emri. „Effect of Pressure on Damping Properties of Granular Polymeric Materials“. In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series, 109–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21762-8_13.

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Bek, M., A. Oseli, I. Saprunov, N. Holeček, B. S. von Bernstorff und I. Emri. „Effect of Pressure on Damping Properties of Granular Polymeric Materials“. In Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Volume 2, 113–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06980-7_14.

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Shi, Qinghua. „Experimental Investigation of Frequency Characteristics of Draft Tube Pressure Pulsations for Francis Turbines“. In Hydraulic Machinery and Cavitation, 935–44. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9385-9_95.

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Lenz, Thomas A., F. Stempfhuber, M. Spies und M. Bargende. „Analyzing Pressure Pulsations in Hydraulic Systems by Merging Measurements and 3D-CFD-simulations“. In Proceedings, 411–29. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-33521-2_28.

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Bek, M., und I. Emri. „Using Hydrostatic Pressure to Maximize Frequency Dependent Damping Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane“. In Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Volume 2, 119–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41543-7_15.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Sanna, F., J. Golliard und S. P. C. Belfroid. „On the Effect of Water Film on Flow-Induced Pulsations in Closed Side Branches in Tandem Configuration“. In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45521.

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Previous studies demonstrate that the presence of liquid strongly influences the pressure pulsation amplitudes of flow induced pulsations. In particular, in case of annular flow (thin liquid film on the walls) the pulsations can be eliminated. The present study aims at evaluating the contribution of the liquid film to the pulsation reduction. Experiments have been performed in a tandem configuration with two side branches upward oriented. The side branches have the same diameter as the main pipe. A first set of experiments has been conducted with the injection point located far upstream the upstream side branch. To isolate the sole effect of the film, a second and a third set of experiments have been performed with the injection point located close upstream the T-junction with the injection such that a thin film only was generated. In the first configuration (far upstream), the pulsation level decreases with increasing liquid rate. The reduction in amplitude compares well with the assumption of added damping in the length between the two side branches. A similar decrease in pulsation amplitude was obtained in the second configuration. However, the amplitude reduction depends on the local liquid flow pattern at the (upstream) side branch and in particular on whether liquid bypasses the side branch or it interferes with the shear layer. This indicates that acoustical damping is the main effect and small amounts of liquid do not significantly interfere with the shear layer.

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Bellucci, Valter, Christian Oliver Paschereit, Peter Flohr und Fulvio Magni. „On the Use of Helmholtz Resonators for Damping Acoustic Pulsations in Industrial Gas Turbines“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0039.

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In modern gas turbines operating with premix combustion flames, the suppression of pressure pulsations is an important task related to the quality of the combustion process and to the structural integrity of engines. High pressure pulsations may occur when the resonance frequencies of the system are excited by heat release fluctuations independent of the acoustic field (“loudspeaker” behavior of the flame). Heat release fluctuations are also generated by acoustic fluctuations in the premixed stream. The feedback mechanism inherent in such processes (“amplifier” behavior of the flame) may lead to combustion instabilities, the amplitude of pulsations being limited only by nonlinearities. In this work, the application of Helmholtz resonators for damping low-frequency pulsations in gas turbine combustion chambers is discussed. We present a nonlinear model for predicting the acoustic response of resonators including the effect of purging air. Atmospheric experiments are used to validate the model, which is employed to design a resonator arrangement for damping low-frequency pulsations in an ALSTOM GT11N2 gas turbine. The predicted damper impedances are used as the boundary condition in the three-dimensional analysis of the combustion chamber. The suggested arrangement leads to a significant extension of the low-pulsation operating regime of the engine.

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Li, Joe Z., Chris Treusch, Benoît Honel und Stéphane Neyrat. „Simulation of Pressure Pulsations in a Gasoline Injection System and Development of an Effective Damping Technology“. In SAE 2005 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1149.

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Hayashi, Itsuro, und Shigehiko Kaneko. „Pressure Pulsations in a Drum Excited by a Centrifugal Compressor Connected to a Piping System“. In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30295.

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The characteristics of the pressure pulsations in a drum connected to a piping system excited by a centrifugal compressor or a blower operated at blade-passing frequencies were investigated. In this study, the equivalent resistance of a compressor and that of a piping system were introduced and linked to the three dimensional calculation model, so that the non-linear damping proportional to velocity squared in the system is properly incorporated. The experiment was performed in order to validate the proposed simulation model. As a result, the three dimensional pressure response in the drum as well as the pipe can be well evaluated by this model. Furthermore, the effect of the acoustic dynamic absorber on the pressure pulsations in the pipe and drum is evaluated. When the resonant frequency of the pipe coincides with that of the drum, two peaks appear in the frequency response curve around the resonant frequency of the pipe, because the drum acts as an acoustic dynamic absorber. It is shown that the maximum pressure amplitude in the drum is obtained when the resonant frequency of the pipe is slightly shifted from the resonant frequency of the drum under the small damping conditions. The effect of the damping in the drum and the mode shape of the drum on the maximum pressure amplitude in the drum is discussed in detail.

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Golliard, Joachim, Stefan Belfroid, Olav Vijlbrief und Knud Lunde. „Direct Measurements of Acoustic Damping and Sound Amplification in Corrugated Pipes With Flow“. In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45494.

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The flow-induced pulsations in corrugated pipes result from a feedback loop between an acoustic resonator and the noise amplification at each shear layer in the axisymmetric cavities forming the corrugations. The quality factor of the resonator is determined by the reflection coefficients at the ends of the corrugated pipe and by the damping in the pipe. In this work, the damping of acoustic waves in a set of smooth and corrugated pipes is measured by a direct method. For these measurements, the tested pipes are placed between two measuring pipes equipped with flush-mounted pressure transducers to allow reconstruction of the acoustic waves with the two-microphone method. Loudspeakers are used to generate acoustic waves, and anechoic terminations allow near reflection-free conditions. The tests are done in air without flow and with flow velocities up to 60 m/s. The results for the corrugated pipes allow to investigate the influence of the corrugations on the damping. Two cases are considered: Without flow, the visco-thermal damping is increased for the corrugated pipe compared to a smooth pipe of same diameter. When there is a flow in the pipe, the damping results depend strongly on the flow velocity. At certain frequencies which depend on the flow velocity, the damping increases or decreases. The regions of increase or decrease are shown to be at constant ranges of Strouhal numbers. The decrease of the damping can in some cases be such that acoustic waves are amplified through the corrugated pipe. This corresponds to the acoustic source behavior of the shear layers. The measured amplification is compared to the computed source term due to the axisymmetric cavities.

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Bothien, Mirko R., Nicolas Noiray und Bruno Schuermans. „A Novel Damping Device for Broadband Attenuation of Low-Frequency Combustion Pulsations in Gas Turbines“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2012: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2012-68873.

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Damping of thermoacoustically induced pressure pulsations in combustion chambers is a major focus of gas turbine operation. Conventional Helmholtz resonators are an excellent means to attenuate thermoacoustic instabilities in gas turbines. Usually, however, the damping optimum is in a narrow frequency band at one operating condition. The work presented here deals with a modification of the basic Helmholtz resonator design over-coming this drawback. It consists of a damper body housing separated volumes that are connected to each other. Adequate adjustment of the governing parameters results in a broadband damping characteristic for low frequencies. In this way, changes in operating conditions and engine-to-engine variations involving shifts in the combustion pulsation frequency can conveniently be addressed. Genetic algorithms and optimization strategies are used to derive these parameters in a multi-dimensional parameter space. The novel damper concept is described in more detail and compared with cold-flow experiments. In order to validate the performance under realistic conditions, the new broadband dampers were implemented in a full-scale test engine. Pulsation amplitudes could be reduced by more than 80%. In addition, it is shown that due to sophisticated damper placement in the engine two unstable modes can be addressed simultaneously. Application of the damper concept allowed to considerably increase the engine operating regime and finally to reduce NOx emissions by 55%. Predictions obtained with the physics-based model excellently agree with experimental results for all tested damper geometries, bias flows, excitation amplitudes, and most important with the measurements in the engine.

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Schuermans, Bruno, Mirko Bothien, Michael Maurer und Birute Bunkute. „Combined Acoustic Damping-Cooling System for Operational Flexibility of GT26/GT24 Reheat Combustors“. In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-42287.

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In the development process of gas turbine combustion chambers, finding countermeasures for thermoacoustically induced pressure pulsations is a major focus. This paper presents a novel system consisting of a multi-layered and multi-functional high frequency damping and cooling structure that is implemented on the sequential burner front panel of the GT26/GT24 gas turbines. The device features multiple single Helmholtz dampers and an advanced convective near wall cooling system to improve the cooling capability and to reduce the cooling mass flow and thereby reducing NOx emissions. The acoustic properties of the dampers and their placement have been defined as function of the identified acoustic mode shapes. The latter is very important since the dampers are designed to counteract screech tones that have acoustic wave lengths of the order of one burner front face width. In order to identify the acoustic mode shapes, multiple dynamics pressure measurements are applied in the full scale engine. The near-wall cooled damping front panel design represents a new technology which has been developed and successfully validated at engine level in fuel gas and oil operation. The restrictions of the stable operating range due to pulsations are completely eliminated resulting in an increase of operational flexibility and lifetime. In addition to a thorough treatment of the damper’s acoustic performance, information on the improved near wall cooling scheme is given in the paper, too.

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Sherwood, Joseph, Jonathan Dusting, Efstathios Konstantinidis und Stavroula Balabani. „Flow-Induced Streamwise Vibration of a Flexibly-Mounted Cantilevered Cylinder in Steady and Pulsating Crossflow“. In ASME 2009 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2009-77293.

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This paper describes an experimental study of the response of a freely vibrating cylinder with low mass ratio and high damping to steady and pulsating crossflow for Reynolds numbers in the range 120–2900. A rigid circular cylinder was cantilevered by means of a plate spring allowing it to oscillate in the stream-wise direction only. A camera-based technique was employed for tracking the cylinder vibration while the wake fluctuations were measured by a laser-Doppler system. The results show that the forced excitation from pulsating flow can take over control of the wake and/or the cylinder oscillations in a complex manner. The overall response depends strongly on two main parameters: the ratios of the pulsation frequency to the structural frequency and to the vortex shedding frequency from a fixed cylinder in steady flow. When the excitation frequency from both the wake and the external pulsation coincided with the natural frequency of the structure, the r.m.s. amplitude of the cylinder vibration increased up to 400% compared to that for the same reduced velocity in steady flow. In this case, maximum end displacements exceeded 35% of the cylinder diameter.

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Anthikat-Albert, Benedict D., Theresia I. Yiallourou, Jose Haba-Rubio, Raphael Heinzer, Eleonora Fonari, Nicolas Chevrey, Francesco Santini, Nikolaos Stergiopulos und Bryn A. Martin. „Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Impacts Cerebral Blood Flow and Cerebrospinal Fluid Motion: A Phase Contrast MRI Study“. In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80683.

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The physiological impacts of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) are not yet fully understood. In this study we developed an MRI protocol to assess the impact of CPAP on cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) hydrodynamics in the upper cervical spine. MRI measurements were obtained on 14 healthy male subjects. The preliminary results indicated that the CSF pulsation decreased and venous outflow was altered with CPAP usage in comparison to the baseline values. Cerebral arterial flow was not impacted by CPAP usage. These findings support the hypothesis that the CSF system can act to dampen cerebral blood flow (CBF) pulsations.

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Lifson, Alexander, und Cecil R. Sparks. „Surge Model: Predicting Damping and Excitation Frequencies of Complex Pumping Systems“. In ASME 1989 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/89-gt-93.

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Frequency domain analysis is presented to define susceptibility of complex pumping systems to surge oscillations. In the analysis, piping spans are considered as distributed elements, compressors or pumps, orifices, valves, and junctions as lumped acoustic four pole elements. The piping elements are connected into one network through the use of appropriate matching boundary conditions. The analysis is most readily applicable to single stage units, typical of gas transmission stations. The surge model is based on predicting damping (logarithmic decrement values) and mode shapes for pressure and flow pulsations of the interactive dynamic system at its various natural acoustic frequencies. The system design is optimized by assuring that all operating points are sufficiently removed from surge, i.e., logarithmic decrements are above certain specified value. The effects of mean flow on acoustic wave propagation, pipe friction, viscothermal dissipation, and pressure losses at various piping locations (junctions, valves, orifices) are accounted for in the model. Results of the computational modeling of a complex centrifugal compressor system is presented. The analytical model is also verified by comparing the analytical results with experimental data.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "Damping of pressure pulsations"

Igor D. Kaganovich, Oleg V. Polomarov und Constantine E. Theodosiou. Landau Damping and Anomalous Skin Effect in Low-pressure Gas Discharges: Self-consistent Treatment of Collisionless Heating. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), Januar 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/821522.

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