Zeitschriftenartikel: „Damage calculation“

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Blikharskyy, Yaroslav. „Calculation of damage RC constructions according to deformation model“. Theory and Building Practice 2020, Nr. 2 (20.11.2020): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/jtbp2020.02.099.

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This article presents results of a theoretical study of reinforced concrete beams with damaged reinforcement. The change of micro-hardness of a reinforcing rebar’s with a diameter of 20 mm of A500C steel in the radial direction is investigated and the thickness of the heat-strengthened layer is established. It is established that the thickness of the thermo-strengthened steel layer of the reinforcing bar with a diameter of 20 mm of A500C is approximately 3 mm. It is shown that the strength characteristics of this layer are on 50% higher compared to the core material of the rebar, while the plasticity characteristics are lower. The aim of the work is to determine the strength and deformability of reinforced concrete structures without damaging the reinforcement and in case of damage. Determining the impact of changes in the physical characteristics of reinforcement on the damage of reinforced concrete structures, according to the calculation to the valid norms, in accordance with the deformation model. To achieve the goal of the work, theoretical calculations of reinforced concrete beams were performed according to the deformation model, according to valid norms. This technique uses nonlinear strain diagrams of concrete and rebar and is based on an iterative method. According to the research program 3 beam samples were calculated. Among them were undamaged control sample with single load bearing reinforcement of ∅20 mm diameter – BC-1; sample with ∅20 mm reinforcement with damages about 40% without changes in the physical and mechanical properties of reinforcement – BD-2 and sample with ∅20 mm reinforcement with damages about 40% with changes in the physical and mechanical properties of reinforcement – BD-3. The influence of change of physical and mechanical characteristics of rebar’s on bearing capacity of the damaged reinforced concrete beams is established.

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Tang, Song Hua, Ying She Luo, Shui Ping Yin, Yong Hong Li, Chao Chen und Fang Tian. „Fire Response Calculation Based on Damage Mechanics“. Advanced Materials Research 639-640 (Januar 2013): 1193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.639-640.1193.

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Damage mechanics is introduced into the fire response calculation of the concrete structure. The damage mechanics equations for fire response calculation are established. They are the damage evolution equation based on “residual strength” theory, heat conduction equations, and elastic mechanical equations. The fire response calculation of a concrete slab under external load and fire is shown. ANSYS is selected for calculating. The temperature field and stress field are obtained, the damage and failure process are described using the technique of killing or activating elements in ANSYS, and the fire resistance of the slab is obtained.

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Crocombette, Jean-Paul, und Christian Van Wambeke. „Quick calculation of damage for ion irradiation: implementation in Iradina and comparisons to SRIM“. EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 5 (2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2019003.

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Binary collision approximation (BCA) calculation allows for two types of damage calculation: full cascade and quick calculations. Full cascade mode describes fully the cascades while in quick calculations, only the trajectory of the ion is followed and effective formulas give an estimation of the damage resulting from each collision of the ion. We implement quick calculation of damage in the Iradina code both for elemental and multi-component solids. Good agreement is obtained with SRIM. We show that quick calculations are unphysical in multi-component systems. The choice between full cascade and quick calculations is discussed. We advise to favour full cascade over quick calculation because it is more grounded physically and applicable to all materials. Quick calculations remain a good option for pure solids in the case of actual quantitative comparisons with neutron irradiations simulations in which damage levels are estimated with the NRT (Norgett-Robinson and Torrens) formulas.

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KOSICHENKO, YU М. „UNIVERSAL METHOD FOR CALCULATING WATER PERMEABILITY OF ANTIFILTRATION LININGS WITH POLYMER GEOMEMBRANES“. Prirodoobustrojstvo, Nr. 4 (2020): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2020-4-6-13.

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There is considered a method for calculating water permeability of the main types of channel linings using geosynthetic materials – concrete film and soil film with polymer geomembrane and geotextile. During a long-term operation of irrigation channels it is necessary to carry out a quantitative assessment of water permeability of the linings, the results of which find filtration losses and determine the calculated efficiency. Modern anti-filtration channel linings made of geosynthetic materials can provide a high technical efficiency and durability of the lining. Based on the previously obtained theoretical solutions through single damages, a universal method has been developed that can be used to calculate water permeability of the main types of linings using geomembranes (concrete fi lm and soil fi lm). There are given calculation schemes through soil film and concretefilm lining and calculation dependences for the main calculation cases in the presence of cracks and holes in the screen on a highly permeable base and taking into account the influence of the permeability of the underlying base. The influence of the base permeability is taken into account in the calculations by the piezometric pressure h1at the damage place of to the geomembrane screen which is a residual pressure between the lining and soil base. The residual pressure can have both a positive sign under the excess pressure and a negative sign under formation of vacuum pressure. The calculation formulasfor determining the piezo-metric pressure at the place of damage are found using the equation of continuity of the filtration flow passing through defects and damages of the lining. Based on the developed method for calculating water permeability an example of calculation is considered which indicates a high efficiency of linings using geomembranes (concrete film and soil film) and for the concrete lining the condition of efficiency is not fulfilled.

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Nikitin, Aleksandr, Nikolay Burago, Ilia Nikitin und Boris Stratula. „Algorithms for calculation damage processes“. Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 13, Nr. 49 (26.06.2019): 212–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.49.22.

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Kos, Zeljko, Yevhenii Klymenko, Kostiantyn Polianskyi und Andjelko Crnoja. „Research of the Residual Bearing Capacity and the Work of Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams’ Inclined Sections“. Tehnički glasnik 14, Nr. 4 (09.12.2020): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20191125075359.

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The article is devoted to studies about the stress-strain state and the residual bearing capacity of inclined sections of reinforced concrete beams with concrete damages in the compressed zone near support areas. The developed method of calculating the bearing capacity of the inclined sections of damaged beams is described. The numerical test of prototypes was performed in the LIRA-CAD 2017 software complex. A comparison of the results of laboratory tests, a numerical experiment and calculation results by the proposed method is shown. It is stressed that with an increase in the area of damage, the bearing capacity decreases. The nature of the change in the stress-strain state under the presence of damage is described. It is pointed out that in the damaged samples, there is an inclination of the neutral axis in the cross section of the element – it tilts, the neutral axis becomes, almost, parallel to the front of the damage.

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Queral, C., J. Gonzalez-Cadelo, J. Montero und L. Ibanez. „ICONE19-43892 CALCULATION OF DAMAGE EXCEEDANCE FREQUENCIES IN COLD LEG MBLOCA SEQUENCES“. Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE) 2011.19 (2011): _ICONE1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeicone.2011.19._icone1943_335.

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Batarlienė, Nijolė. „Risk and Damage Assessment for Transportation of Dangerous Freight“. Transport and Telecommunication Journal 19, Nr. 4 (01.12.2018): 356–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2018-0030.

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Abstract The article provides information on transportation of dangerous freight. Legal acts regulating transportation of Dangerous freight are discussed. Major problems and non-compliances with The European Agreement concerning International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) are distinguished. The type of risk that one encounters is analysed, as well as who is to take responsibility for transportation of dangerous freight. Transport accidents of dangerous substances are increasingly frequent and can cause serious injuries in inhabited areas or pollution of the environment. For quantitative risk assessment and mitigation planning, consequence calculations are necessary. The aim of this article is to present methods of the first approach for calculating costs and overall expenses of an accident and to demonstrate the main recommendations for the next development stage in the area of transport accident modelling. By the means of risk assessment models, it is possible to calculate the extent of the consequences and reduce the risks during the process of transportation. Based on Technology of Dangerous Freight Transportation, the accident calculation principles are suggested, which enables to assess the costs and to find a generalized accident rate. The calculation results are provided.

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Nikitin, I. S., N. G. Burago, A. D. Nikitin und B. A. Stratula. „Through calculation method of fatigue damage“. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 927 (26.09.2020): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/927/1/012019.

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Lei, Chun Xu, Qin Pu, Yong Qing Yang und Ji Jian Jiang. „Research on Damage Detection and Calculation for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 361-363 (August 2013): 1110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.361-363.1110.

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In order to reduce the potential threat to the Guanyindian highway bridge caused by the damaged RC bridge pier, some damage detection methods including surface inspection, core-drilling test, ultrasonic-rebound test and verticality measurement are used to assess the bridge’s damage condition. The finite element analysis software is employed to simulate the damaged bridge pier and to calculate its bearing capacity, thus providing technical data for the repair and future maintenance of the bridge pier. According to the results of damage detection and calculation, the verticality, the concrete strength, the bearing capacity and the crack width of the damaged No.1 bridge pier could meet the code’s requirement but the damaged regions on the bridge pier need to be repaired.

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Isanov, Ulugbek Kholmurodovich. „Calculation Of Material And Moral Damage Caused To The Author Of The Composition“. American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 03, Nr. 06 (12.06.2021): 132–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume03issue06-20.

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It is known that the protection of intellectual property rights and rights to it is an important factor in the development of this sector, increasing its investment attractiveness. After all, the formation of a class of intellectual property owners and the development of the necessary legal framework pose new challenges to the legal science as a topical issue today.

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Hu, Xibing, Rui Chen, Yuxuan Xiang, Yafang Chen und Qingshan Li. „Mechanical Behavior of Damaged H-Section Steel Structure“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (28.05.2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8247670.

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Steel structures are usually damaged by disasters. According to the influence law of the damage on the elastic modulus of steel obtained by the mechanical test of damaged steel, the average elastic moduli of H-section steel members were analyzed. The equations for calculating the average elastic moduli of damaged H-section steel members at different damage degrees were obtained. By using the analytical cross-sectional method, the cross-sectional M-Φ-P relationships and the dimensionless parameter equations of the H-sections in the full-sectional elastic distribution, single-sided plastic distribution, and double-sided plastic distribution were derived. On the basis of the cross-sectional M-Φ-P relationships and dimensionless parameters of actual steel members, the approximate calculation equations for the damaged cross sections were obtained. The Newmark method was used to analyze the deformation of damaged steel columns. Analytical results show good agreement with the test results. The equations and methods proposed in this study have high computational accuracy, and these can be applied to the cross-sectional M-Φ-P relationships and deformation calculation of damaged steel members.

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Saltanaeva, Elena Andreevna, und Andrey Vladimirovich Maister. „Optimization of calculations of the effects of spill fires during accidents on linear equipment“. E3S Web of Conferences 140 (2019): 07002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201914007002.

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The issue of industrial (in particular, fire) safety at hazardous production facilities is considered. The previously obtained optimization method is given for calculating the assessment of the influence of hazardous factors in the event of possible accidents on extended (linear) equipment during explosions of fuel-air mixtures. Optimization is based on accelerating the calculations of the potential damage probability of Qn(M0) using transformed formulas containing a single instead of a double integral. The transformed formulas for calculating the double integral obtained in were used to optimize the calculations for the case of a spill fire based on the recommended probit function Pr used to estimate the damage to people by thermal radiation. As an example of calculations, a rectilinear fragment of a pipeline on a plane, presented as a segment of a straight line, is considered. To obtain an assessment of effectiveness, 1000 sets of source data characterizing various emergency situations were randomly generated. Based on the calculations for these data sets, statistical results are presented that characterize the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method: a graph of the values of the multiplicity of the reduction in calculation time using the converted formulas; average value and standard deviation of the multiplicity of reduction of calculation time; the maximum deviation of the values calculated by the original and converted formulas.

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Vegera, Pavlo, Rostyslav Vashkevych, Yaroslav Blikharskyy und Roman Khmil. „Development methodology of determinating residual carrying capacity of reinforced concrete beams with damages tensile reinforcement which occurred during loading“. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, Nr. 7(112) (30.08.2021): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.237954.

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This paper reports the improved and verified procedure for calculating reinforced concrete beams affected by damage to stretched reinforcement when loaded. The main results from testing the reinforced concrete beams with damage in the stretched zone in the form of one hole in the reinforcement in the middle of the beam are given. The variable parameter of the study was the level of load resulting in the damage. It acquired values of 0, 30 %, 50 %, 70 % of the bearing capacity of control undamaged samples. Overall, the results of testing 12 samples are given. A new procedure has been proposed for taking into consideration changes in the mechanical characteristics of stretched reinforcement arising from its damage. This makes it possible to more accurately establish the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete bended elements affected by damage to their reinforcement during operation. The analysis of the calculation, compared with experimental quantities, led to a conclusion that the strain model could determine when the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams without damage and with damage to working reinforcement is exhausted. Based on the improved algorithm, the principle of using a strain model was proposed to establish when the bearing capacity of damaged samples, taking into consideration the effect of the load level, is exhausted. The theoretical estimation, considering when the bearing capacity is exhausted, showed results that are 3...21 % less than the experimental values, which ensures reliability of calculation of such structures. The proposed calculation provides a new approach to determining the bearing capacity of reinforced concrete beams damaged during operation. That, in turn, makes it possible to more accurately determine the residual bearing capacity of structures and increases the safety of their operation.

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Guo, Jiamin, Jiongliang Wu, Junhua Guo und Zhiyu Jiang. „A Damage Identification Approach for Offshore Jacket Platforms Using Partial Modal Results and Artificial Neural Networks“. Applied Sciences 8, Nr. 11 (06.11.2018): 2173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112173.

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This paper presents a damage identification method for offshore jacket platforms using partially measured modal results and based on artificial intelligence neural networks. Damage identification indices are first proposed combining information of six modal results and natural frequencies. Then, finite element models are established, and damages in structural members are assumed by reducing the structural elastic modulus. From the finite element analysis for a training sample, both the damage identification indices and the damages are obtained, and neural networks are trained. These trained networks are further tested and used for damage prediction of structural members. The calculation results show that the proposed method is quite accurate. As the considered measurement points of the jacket platform are near the waterline, the prediction errors keep below 8% when the damaged members are close to the waterline, but may rise to 16.5% when the damaged members are located in deeper waters.

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Tang, Song Hua, Ying She Luo, Ming Zhe Ning und Zhi Chao Wang. „Calculation and Analysis on the Thermal Damage at High Temperature“. Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 1191–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1191.

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In fire resistant design traditional method based on experiment is being replaced by method based on calculation.in this paper Damage mechanics is applied to calculate and analyze the process of damage and failure of structures at high temperature through solving jointly the closed equations composed of the thermal damage evolving equation based on the residual strength, heat conduction equations, equilibrium equations, geometry equations and physics equations. An example of a truss is given to illustrate the calculation of thermal damages and stresses at high temperature. The results suggest, the bearing capacity at high temperature is influenced by these three main factors: thermal damage resulted from the elevated temperature, the thermal stresses and the original load. This provides a new research method for the modern fire-resistant design based on calculation and can be developed and applied in the numerical simulation of the process of damage and failure of the integrated structures.

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Underwood, B. Shane, Y. Richard Kim und Murthy N. Guddati. „Improved calculation method of damage parameter in viscoelastic continuum damage model“. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 11, Nr. 6 (Dezember 2010): 459–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10298430903398088.

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Burago, Nikolay G., und I. S. Nikitin. „Algorithms of through calculation for damage processes“. Computer Research and Modeling 10, Nr. 5 (Oktober 2018): 645–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.20537/2076-7633-2018-10-5-645-666.

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Šeruga, Domen, Matija Fajdiga und Marko Nagode. „Creep Damage Calculation for Thermo Mechanical Fatigue“. Strojniški vestnik – Journal of Mechanical Engineering 57, Nr. 05 (15.05.2011): 371–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5545/sv-jme.2010.108.

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Kopas, Peter, Saga Milan und Milan Uhríčik. „Contribution to Multiaxial Damage Calculation Using FEM“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 420 (September 2013): 318–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.420.318.

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The paper deals with chosen criterions designed for calculation of multiaxial cumulative fatigue damage. Algorithms are implemented into the programming language MATLAB. Necessary inputs for calculation of cumulative fatigue damage are usually stresses and strains. These data have obtained from FE analysis. Presented approaches have applied for damage prediction of the piston-rod of the car engine.

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Mitchell, M. R., R. E. Link, Yung-Li Lee, Dennis Polehna und Hong-Tae Kang. „Fatigue Damage Severity Calculation for Vibration Tests“. Journal of Testing and Evaluation 38, Nr. 6 (2010): 102994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/jte102994.

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Vishnevskaya, Irina Aleksandrovna, und Grigoriy Yurievich Garmash. „Early termination of the lease agreement. Is there any damage?“ Lizing (Leasing), Nr. 1 (26.05.2021): 76–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-03-2107-11.

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Many litigation cases for losses and damages, which are considered by the courts, include, among other things, challenging the amount of damage caused (loss, damage). In some cases, the calculation of losses is not just unreasonable, but absurd in nature, based on the substitution of economic concepts. An independent economic expert examination is solid evidence in loss cases. The article analyzes and outlines the difference in the economic concepts of «market value» and «redemption price»; it is concluded that these concepts are incomparable. The unreasonableness of calculating the damage to a leasing company under a transaction of early termination of a lease agreement is shown on the example of a real case.

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Buzalo, Nina, Ivan Gontarenko und Boris Chernykhovsky. „REDUCING THE FORCE RESISTANCE OF STEEL COLUMNS IN INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS WITH CORROSION DAMAGE DURING OPERATION“. Construction and Architecture 8, Nr. 4 (15.10.2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2308-0191-2020-8-4-9-13.

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When conducting inspections of metal structures of industrial buildings, one of the most characteristic damages is revealed - corrosion. To assess the degree of serviceability and the possibility of further safe operation of a building structure or a building and structure, it is necessary to correctly assess the danger of corrosion damage and determine the possibility of further operation. To assess the strength resistance of damaged structures, it is necessary to correctly assess the danger of corrosion damage and determine the possibility of further operation. For this purpose, an experimental study of columns with simulated corrosion damage was carried out and compared with the calculation results according to regulatory recommendations.

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Negulescu, Caterina, Abed Benaïchouche, Anne Lemoine, Sylvestre Le Roy und Rodrigo Pedreros. „Adjustability of exposed elements by updating their capacity for resistance after a damaging event: application to an earthquake–tsunami cascade scenario“. Natural Hazards 104, Nr. 1 (31.07.2020): 753–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11069-020-04189-0.

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Abstract The 2011 Great East Japan earthquake and tsunami remind us once again that these types of cascade event can occur and cause considerable damage. The scientific community realizes the need for rapid theoretical and practical progress on cascade events to provide field teams with the necessary tools and information for action during these types of events. The earthquake damage scenario for Martinique and Guadeloupe islands (French West Indies) has already been performed within the framework of French governmental projects, but these areas, in the vicinity of the French West Indies subduction zone, are also subject to tsunami events. In this study, we propose to perform a combined scenario in which an earthquake is followed by a tsunami, as it could arrive one day, considering the seismic characteristics and potential of such a subduction zone. The vulnerability of the buildings is defined considering local specific information based on several years of field inventories and inspections and is later classified into one of the 36 model building types of HAZUS. The calculation of the damages due to tsunamis follows the HAZUS methodologies. The main novelty of our study is the calculation of damage due to the two phenomena occurring one after the other, not in parallel, as is calculated in the existing literature. Therefore, for the calculation of the damages due to the second event (i.e. the tsunami), the vulnerability characteristics of the initial structure are reduced, considering the damage state of the construction after the first event (i.e. the earthquake). Hence, in our case, this calculation approach allows us to update the number of exposed elements and their changed vulnerabilities considering the damages due to the earthquake, since certain structures are already damaged by the earthquake before the arrival of the tsunami wave. The results coming from our study and our manner of treating the cascading hazards are putting into perspective with the Hazus method for combining damages coming from earthquake and the damages coming from consequently tsunami. The results expressed as the sum of the damages in both most damaged states, Extensive and Complete, are more or less in the same range of values for both studies (our study and HAZUS 2017). However, a trend of having more percentage of complete damages (and hence, less the Extensive damages) with our method than the ones obtained with the Hazus combination can be important information for crisis managing. This is a first result for the French West Indies territory, but anyway, more studies should be carried out in order to check this trend and eventually to confirm and validate this issue for others territories with others bathymetries, vulnerabilities and seismological features.

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Bylykbashi, Juliana, und Eneida Sema Dervishi. „Biological Damage, as a Special Figure of Non-pecuniary Damage and Problems Encountered in Albanian Jurisprudence“. Journal of International Cooperation and Development 2, Nr. 2 (10.11.2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/jicd-2019-0015.

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Non-pecuniary damage is one of the institutes of civil law that aims to protect and restore the rights of personality laid out in certain provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Albania and expressly referred to in Article 8 of the European Convention on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms. Judicial jurisprudence has rendered non-pecuniary damage in the case of health damage, physical or psychological integrity in three separate types of damage: biological damage, moral and existential damage. The subject of this paper will be one of the figures of non-pecuniary damage, biological damage or otherwise called damage to health, being a matter of little or no treatment and the problems it faces in Albanian jurisprudence. One of the topics to be dealt with in this paper is the manner and criteria for calculating health insurance compensation, a topic that has met discussions about the actual value of the compensation or the value of the expected income that the injured party or relatives should receive from social insurance. In the provisions related to the value of the compensation coverage, insurance laws and bylaws foresee certain limitations, not only in the method of calculating non-pecuniary damages, but also with regard to the minimum amount of insurance coverage by the insurance companies. Referring to Albanian court practices there have been cases where there has been discrepancies in the calculation of biological damage between the insurance companies and the court.

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QADR, Hiwa Mohammad. „A molecular dynamics calculation to cascade damage processes“. Annals of “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati. Fascicle IX, Metallurgy and Materials Science 43, Nr. 4 (15.12.2020): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.35219/mms.2020.4.02.

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Chu, C. C. „Fatigue Damage Calculation Using the Critical Plane Approach“. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 117, Nr. 1 (01.01.1995): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2804370.

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The critical plane approach is applied to model material fatigue behavior under any constant amplitude proportional loading. The most critical plane and the largest damage parameter are determined in closed form for six damage criteria that have been proposed in the literature. The correct procedures of utilizing these closed-form solutions to construct the damage parameter versus fatigue life curve are outlined. It is shown that the common practice of characterizing the material’s fatigue behavior by plotting the damage parameter evaluated on the maximum shear plane against the observed fatigue life violates the principle of the critical plane approach, a problem which can arise during the calibration of any biaxial type of damage criterion. The study emphasizes that the critical plane approach should be consistently applied to both the initial calibration and the subsequent fatigue analysis.

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Yin, W., T. J. Liang, Q. Z. Yu und X. J. Jia. „Radiation damage/activity calculation for CSNS target station“. Journal of Nuclear Materials 398, Nr. 1-3 (März 2010): 100–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnucmat.2009.10.017.

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Wang, Xiang Dong, Dao Yuan Xu, Wei Xuan Zhu, Ai Min Deng und Zhen Bo Wang. „Damage of Concrete Dams and Its Simulation Calculation“. Key Engineering Materials 302-303 (Januar 2006): 624–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.302-303.624.

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de Moel, H., N. E. M. Asselman und J. C. J. H. Aerts. „Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of coastal flood damage estimates in the west of the Netherlands“. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 12, Nr. 4 (16.04.2012): 1045–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-1045-2012.

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Abstract. Uncertainty analyses of flood damage assessments generally require a large amount of model evaluations. This is often hampered by the high computational costs necessary to calculate flood extents and depths using 2-dimensional flow models. In this paper we developed a new approach to estimate flood inundation depths that can be incorporated in a Monte Carlo uncertainty analysis. This allows estimation of the uncertainty in flood damage estimates and the determination of which parameters contribute the most to this uncertainty. The approach is applied on three breach locations on the west coast of the Netherlands. In total, uncertainties in 12 input parameters were considered in this study, related to the storm surge, breach growth and the damage calculation. We show that the uncertainty in flood damage estimates is substantial, with the bounds of the 95% confidence range being more than four times smaller or larger than the median. The most influential parameter is uncertainty in depth-damage curves, but five other parameters also contribute substantially. The contribution of uncertainty in parameters related to the damage calculation is about equal to the contribution of parameters related to the volume of the inflowing water. Given the emphasis of most risk assessments on the estimation of the hazard, this implies that the damage calculation aspect deserves more attention in flood risk research efforts. Given the large uncertainties found in this study, it is recommended to always perform multiple calculations in flood simulations and damage assessments to capture the full range of model outcomes.

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Zhao, Wan Chun, Ting Ting Wang, Jing Bo Zhang und Wei Wei Yuan. „The Stress Calculation of Refracturing Based on Damage Theory“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (Januar 2013): 332–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.332.

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To precisely describe the fracture opening and extending during the process of refracturing, in this paper the actual mechanical characteristics of the reservoir before the refracturing has been considered, according to the principle of conservation of energy, the calculation model of the damage stress of the rock around the borehole before the refracturing has been established, and at the same time the calculation model of the fracture veer has been established , then the well A in Jilin Oilfield has been chosen to calculate and analyze, the calculation results demonstrate that the corrigendum between the actual results and the calculation results is 0.2%, which are very anastomosing.

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Li, Shou Ju, und Ying Xi Liu. „Fatigue Analysis and Life Prediction of Dumpers with Cumulative Fatigue Damage Approach and Finite Element Model“. Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 909–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.909.

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A fatigue damage model is developed for evaluating accumulative fatigue damage of dumpers. The loading spectrums acted on dumpers are created according to measured strain data in field. The finite element model is meshed for assessing and calculating stress distribution and strength characteristics of dumpers. The stress distribution and stress concentration factors of main components of dumper at different loading cases are numerically simulated. A fatigue damage model is developed for evaluating accumulative fatigue damage of dumpers. Fatigue damage indexes and service life are calculated by a modified Palmgren-Miner rule. The investigation shows that fatigue notch factor has a significant influence on the calculation of fatigue damage of dumpers.

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Yao, Wu Wen, Ping Zhou, Sheng Li Hou und Yun Kui Gao. „Investigation on Residual Strength of Airplane Plate with Smooth Circular Hole“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 331 (Juli 2013): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.331.31.

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In order to solve the fight problem of damaged airplane in war, based on linear elasticity, elastoplasticity and net section yield criterion, the calculation model for residual strength of plate with smooth circular hole is founded. Furthermore, the flexibility of calculation models using these three methods is analyzed through examples. All above can be basis for airplane battle damage assessment.

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Liu, Ning, Yi-Xiong Huang, Bo Wu und Wei Huang. „Experimental Study on Lateral Bearing Mechanical Characteristics and Damage Numerical Simulation of Micropile“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (25.08.2021): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9927922.

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The construction site of the foundation pit support project in the urban area is narrow. Micropile has the advantages of flexible pile position layout, strong site adaptability, and fast construction speed, which can effectively control the horizontal displacement of the foundation pit and ensure the safety of surrounding buildings. However, the lateral bearing capacity of micropile is weak. In order to study the lateral force characteristics and failure characteristics of micropile, laboratory tests on the flexural and tensile strength of reinforced concrete micropiles with different diameters and with or without external steel pipes were performed. The authors studied the lateral force characteristics and failure characteristics of various types of micropiles. Based on numerical simulation software ABAQUS, the measured yield strength of the specimen was used as the loading force. And taking the occurrence and development of concrete damage into consideration, the loading process was simulated. The result shows the following: (1) the micropile specimens with external steel pipe had better flexural performance than the bare micropiles and the mechanical characteristics of the specimens changed from brittleness to plasticity; (2) the degree of concrete damage is greatly reduced after the external steel pipe is attached, and the bearing capacity of the micropile specimen of the same diameter is increased by 70% after the external steel pipe is added; and (3) the specimens were mainly damaged due to tensile damage. The calculation formula for the lateral bearing capacity of the concrete-filled steel tube micropile considering the damage is proposed through fitting analysis. The calculation formula, the finite element calculation value, and the calculation formula proposed by other scholars are compared with the authors' test and the test data of other scholars. The meta-calculation results, experimental results, and formula calculation results proposed by the authors have high accuracy.

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Zhang, Jun, Xu Chen und Xin Li Wei. „Numerical Calculation of Peeling Strength in Anisotropic Conducive Adhesive Bonding“. Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.471.

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The cohesive zone interface model was used to calculate 90o peel in the ACF bonding samples. The constitutive equation for the interface model was modified by introduction a damage factor χ . The thermal damage factor and humidity damage factor can be derived from the experiment data. The interfacial model with damage factor can change the maximal peel stress and the delamination length. The calculation result of the interfacial model with damage factor agreed well to the experiment of the 90o peeling.

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Chen, Shengli, und David Bernard. „On the calculation of atomic displacements using damage energy“. Results in Physics 16 (März 2020): 102835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102835.

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Nagode, Marko. „Continuous damage parameter calculation under thermo-mechanical random loading“. MethodsX 1 (2014): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2014.07.004.

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38

Tan, Wen Feng, und Tao Chen. „Calculation of Fatigue Crack Initiation Life by Coupled Finite Element Method“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 275-277 (Januar 2013): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.189.

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Applied damage mechanics and coupled finite element method, to study the fatigue crack initiation life problem. Application of coupling finite element method, the damage coupling effect can be modified through the global stiffness matrix to achieve. The step length of the damage evolution is divided by the damage variable of the critical element, and then the damage evolution is analysised. The corresponding stiffness matrix and loading matrix can be obtained continually under the condition of increasing the damage evolution step of the critical element,then the equivalent stress can be calculated. The corresponding fatigue crack initiation life can be calculated by using the damage evolution equation, the progress will not stop until the damage degree of the critical element reaches to one. The fatigue crack initiation life is obtained by adding the fatigue crack initiation lives with different damage variable.

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Cao, Tianqing, Mark D. Petersen, Chris H. Cramer, Tousson R. Toppozada, Michael S. Reichle und James F. Davis. „The calculation of expected loss using probabilistic seismic hazard“. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 89, Nr. 4 (01.08.1999): 867–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0890040867.

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Abstract The formulas for the estimation of expected loss from probabilistic seismic hazard are presented systematically by using the basics of calculating expected values and the concept of distributing the total loss between the insurer and the insured. The conversion from acceleration to intensity and then to loss factor (the ratio of damage value to the property value) is applied in the calculation. The seismic hazard used in the loss calculation is for four locations in California. These locations are representative of high and low hazards in California and of the two most populated areas in northern and southern California. The calculated loss values show a strong dependence on the hazard and the soil conditions. The deaggregation of total loss with respect to intensity, acceleration, and loss factor shows that a greater portion of the total loss in the high-hazard region is from large intensities and accelerations compared with the low-hazard region. The deaggregation with respect to loss factor reveals that most of the loss is from loss factors below 15-20%, even for the high-hazard regions. This result has a significant impact on the amount of the loss that is greater than the deductible. The calculation of loss to the insurer shows that a mere 5% deductible reduces the loss to the insurer by 40-50% for a high-hazard region and by more than that for a low-hazard region. Underinsurance and inflation have the effect of increasing the loss to the insurer but are less significant than the effect of deductible in reducing the loss to the insurer. These calculations suggest that updating the relation converting ground motion to loss factor is critical. In addition, the correction for soil condition needs to be calibrated with more recent strong-motion and earthquake damage data.

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Lei, Ming, und Jian Gang Ge. „Calculation of Vortex-Induced Resonance on a Thermo Well“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 635-637 (September 2014): 447–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.635-637.447.

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When vortex-induced resonance happens, the amplitude is big enough to affect the comfort and safety of the structure using, also it can cause fatigue damage to the structure. Being in the tube full of flowing natural gas, the thermo well may vibrate and be damaged. In this paper, based on the theory of vortex-induced vibration, by using ANSYS (FEA software), the author will test and verify whether the vortex-induced resonance will occur on the thermo well according to one example. Keywords: vortex-induced vibration; thermo well; vortex shedding frequency

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Deng, Hongyu, und Baitao Sun. „Finite Element Modeling and Mechanical Behavior of Masonry-Infilled RC Frame“. Open Civil Engineering Journal 10, Nr. 1 (10.03.2016): 76–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874149501610010076.

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During the analysis of reinforced concrete structures, the infill wall is usually simplified as a diagonal inclined strut to facilitate finite element modeling calculations. However, the actual seismic damage and single frame-filled wall pushover experimental results show that when the earthquake shear force is huge, the top of the infill wall and the beam–column connections are usually, thus the path of the force transfer will be changed. Based on this actual failure phenomenon, a new calculation model which has different contact position between the equivalent bracing walls and the frame columns is generated. Thus, the force analysis is given based on this model, the formulae for calculating the equivalent width of bracing walls, the shear bearing capacity of the wall-filled frame, and the infill wall’s actual participation in the stiffness. A finite element simulation method by ABAQUS is used to determine an empirical formula for calculating the reasonable contact position between the equivalent bracing walls and the frame columns. The verification results show that the finite element model presented in this paper is more reasonable, and the stiffness and shear resistance of infill wall should not be neglected. The calculation formula of stiffness of infill wall presented in this paper is coincided with seismic code. But the calculation formula of shear resistance of infill wall presented in seismic code is higher than the actual value, so it is suggested that calculation formula presented in this paper should be accepted.

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Xie, Xing, Dong Hong Wang und Fa Suo Zhao. „Statistic Damage Constitutive Model of Loessial Soil Considering Damage Threshold“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (Oktober 2012): 370–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.370.

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The damage mechanism of loessial soils was studied by the statistical theory.Based on the characteristics strength of loessial soils micro-unit with Weibull distribution, and parameters that described by distribution variable of Drucker-Prager creterion are used, loessial soils damage constitutive model considering damage threshold is established to reflect the full process of loessial soils failure. Conventional triaxial consolidation undrained shear test results of loessial soils are taken as example to verify the model. By comparing theoretical calculation results with test results, it is showed that the statistical damage constitutive model considering damage threshold is reasonable.

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Ardila, Alfredo, und Monica Rosselli. „Cognitive Rehabilitation of Acquired Calculation Disturbances“. Behavioural Neurology 2019 (04.04.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3151092.

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Acalculia is an acquired disorder in calculation abilities, usually associated with left posterior parietal damage. Two types of acalculic disorders are usually distinguished: (1) primary acalculia or anarithmetia, where the patient presents a loss of numerical concepts (difficulties are observed both in oral and written calculations), and (2) secondary acalculia due to a different disturbance in cognition and affecting mathematical abilities. Secondary acalculias are associated with aphasia, alexia, agraphia, executive function disorders, or visuospatial difficulties. This paper is a proposal for clinical intervention to rehabilitation of acquired primary and secondary acalculias.

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Berlinov, Mikhail, Marina Berlinova und Artem Grigorjan. „Operational durability of reinforced concrete structures“. E3S Web of Conferences 91 (2019): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20199102012.

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The resistance properties of reinforced concrete and reinforcement, required for modeling the degradation and calculations of the durability of reinforced concrete elements under the conditions of various types of corrosion damage, based on analytical and experimental data are substantiated. A probabilistic model has been developed for predicting and estimating the durability and reliability of reinforced concrete elements, taking into account the statistical variability of the calculation parameters and the kinetics of degradation processes during long periods of operation. Methods are proposed for calculating and predicting the durability of reinforced concrete elements based on deterministic probabilistic models of degradation of structural elements operating under aggressive environmental influences.

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KONDRASHOVA, Yu N., I. V. NOVIKOV und A. M. MARKIN. „ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OF THE MULTI-LEVEL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF THE SHOPS OF THE PRODUCTION METALLURGICAL LINE“. Actual Issues Of Energy 3, Nr. 1 (2021): 054–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25206/2686-6935-2021-3-1-54-57.

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The paper analyzes damage along overhead and cable power lines. The calculation of the main indicators of reliability is carried out to predict the value of the actual resource of the main high-voltage electrical equipment for the shops of the production metallurgical line. The calculations were performed for the existing circuit using the software package [1]. The performed analysis of the obtained results of the developed algorithm and methods for calculating reliability indicators made it possible to assess the technical condition of overhead and cable lines subject to intense aging in terms of voltage levels and to estimate the number of outages at nodal substations.

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Sun, Guorui, Yi Zhang, Yubin Tian, Lizhuang Bo, Jiyang Shen und Jun Shi. „Investigation of Residual Bearing Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Short Columns under Impact Load Based on Nondestructive Testing“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (11.05.2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1901073.

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This paper investigates the damage and residual bearing capacity of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) short columns after impact and presents a method for evaluating the residual bearing capacity of RC short columns by nondestructive testing. Firstly, accelerated corrosion test and drop hammer impact test were carried out to obtain specimens under different impact loads and corrosion rates. Then, the damage caused by corrosion and impact loads was evaluated by supersonic wave aided nondestructive test. Through the damage factor, the influence of corrosion rate and impact loads on the specimen was revealed, and the calculation method of corrosion rate and impact velocity was proposed. Finally, according to the bearing capacity test results, the influence factors of reinforcement, concrete, and impact were introduced into the bearing capacity calculation equation. Considering the relationship between the residual bearing capacity of RC short columns and the damage factor, an improved formula for calculating the residual bearing capacity of corroded RC short columns under impact loads was proposed. This work lays the foundation for further research on mechanical properties of corroded RC structures under impact loads.

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Guan, De Qing, Qi Tang und Hong Wei Ying. „Research on Damage Identification of Suspension Bridge by Wavelet Analysis of the Strain Mode“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.976.

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The suspension bridge contained damage was made as the object of study. Three different damage conditions for suspension bridge were calculated(conditions 1, the left midspan contains a damaged zone, condition 2, the left end bay contains two damaged zone, condition 3, both sides midspan contains a damaged zone). Using the wavelet analysis theory, solving strain modal parameters of the suspension bridge with cracks by means of Lanczos method. Then the cracks location of the suspension bridges could be identified by the maximum of wavelet coefficients. It can be concluded that the method using wavelet analysis of strain mode is more accurate and more effective through the calculation and analysis of the suspension bridge damage identification. The method can be useful in the suspension bridge damage identification and diagnosis.

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Guo, Jia, Deqing Guan und Yanran Pan. „Research on Damage Identification of Nonuniform Microcrack in Beam Structures“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (18.01.2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8877821.

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Nonuniform microcrack identification is of great significance in mechanical, aerospace, and civil engineering. In this study, the nonuniform crack is simplified as a semielliptical crack, and simplified calculation methods are proposed for damage severity and damage identification of semielliptical cracks. The proposed methods are based on the calculation method for uniform cracks. The wavelet transform and the intelligent algorithm (IA) are used to identify the damage location and the damage severity of the structure, respectively. The singularity of the wavelet coefficient can be used to identify the signal singularity quickly and accurately, and IA efficiently and accurately calculates the structural damage severity. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and the genetic algorithm (GA), widely used, are applied to identify the damage severity of the beam. Numerical simulations and experimental analyses of beams with transfixion and semielliptical cracks are carried out to evaluate the accuracy of the semielliptical crack calculation method and the method of wavelet analysis combined with PSO and GA for nonuniform crack identification. The results show that the wavelet-particle swarm optimization (WPSO) and the wavelet-genetic algorithm (WGA) can accurately and efficiently identify the structural semielliptical damage location and severity and that these methods are not easily influenced by noise. The damage severity calculation method for semielliptical cracks can accurately calculate the semielliptical size and can be used to identify damage in beams with semielliptical cracks.

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Dolinski, Lukasz, und Marek Krawczuk. „Analysis of Modal Parameters Using a Statistical Approach for Condition Monitoring of the Wind Turbine Blade“. Applied Sciences 10, Nr. 17 (25.08.2020): 5878. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175878.

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The primary objective of the presented paper is the numerical and experimental investigation related to developing a useful diagnostic method, which can be used for determining the site and size of damage in laminated shells of wind turbine blades. The described detection technique is based on the analysis of low frequencies bending vibrations mode shapes of rotor blades. The authors used the commonly applied statistics methods that have been adapted to detect edges of damage, including the normalized determination coefficient fit, which is a measure of the absolute fit between two curves. The research was conducted for a scaled-down blade of a three-bladed horizontal-axis wind turbine with 36 m diameter rotor. The study was divided into two parts. The first stage included numerical calculations using the finite element method, which were supplemented in the second stage by measurements under laboratory conditions of the specially manufactured composite blade. The forms of natural vibrations for intact and damaged blade were determined using Laser Doppler Scanning Vibrometry. The results of the presented research confirm the effectiveness of the modal analysis combined with statistic calculation in damage detection. The method points out the location of relatively small damage.

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Лапшин und D. Lapshin. „Using Pareto to calculate the costs of disasters“. Modeling of systems and processes 6, Nr. 3 (15.01.2014): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2385.

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the method of calculation of natural disasters lie in the use of average values, hos located using Pareto for calculation of damage described by the exponential by law, taking into account the growth of the expected damage over time.

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