Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „Cyclones – Modèles mathématiques“
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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "Cyclones – Modèles mathématiques"
LeRoux, Alain-Yves, Marie-Noëlle LeRoux und Jean-André Marti. „Un modèle mathématique de cyclone“. Comptes Rendus Mathematique 339, Nr. 4 (August 2004): 313–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crma.2004.04.028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDissertationen zum Thema "Cyclones – Modèles mathématiques"
Vignon, Ludivine. „Modélisation mathématique des équilibres atmosphériques, application aux cyclones tropicaux“. Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13608.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSamson, Guillaume. „Modélisation de la réponse océanique à un cyclone tropical et de sa rétroaction sur l'atmosphère“. Toulouse 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU30339.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDulac, William. „Méthodes pour l'évaluation de l'activité cyclonique tropicale en changement climatique“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOU30315.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGiven their devastating impact on the populations and infrastructures of the countries concerned the future evolution of tropical cyclone activity in the context of global warming is an issue of great importance. Two methods exist for assessing tropical cyclone activity under climate change in climate models: the use of cyclone detection algorithms (trackers) or the use of cyclogenesis indices, which translate statistical relationships linking observed cyclone activity to large-scale atmospheric variables. These two methods tend to provide opposite projections in climate simulations. Motivated by this disagreement, this thesis proposes to explore these two approaches, with the aim of making improvements to each. Firstly, the CNRM tropical cyclone tracker is applied to the ERA5 reanalysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, and evaluated using the IBTrACS database of cyclone observations. Its performance is evaluated in terms of detection probability and false alarm rate (POD and FAR), after optimizing detection parameters and applying an appropriate mid-latitude system filter. Several metrics for assessing the similarity of the tracks detected in ERA5 with those observed are then proposed and compared. These innovative metrics are complementary to POD and FAR, and show that optimizing detection parameters is accompanied by a slight improvement in track similarity. New cyclogenesis indices are then constructed on ERA5 by Poisson regression between large-scale thermal and dynamic predictors, and the IBTrACS database. The regressions are run at different spatial and temporal resolutions, as well as on a global scale and for different ocean basins. The increased temporal resolution enables the equatorial bias present in the most commonly used indices to be corrected. However, the interannual variability of the indices appears to be robust to changes in the weighting coefficients of the large-scale variables. Following this observation, the contribution of adding predictors to the regressions is evaluated on ERA5 as well as in the ARPEGE model; on the one hand by explicitly adding a diagnostic of the El Niño (ENSO) variability mode to the index, and on the other hand by replacing the relative humidity at 600 hPa by the integrated moisture saturation deficit on the column (VPD). The addition of ENSO diagnostics improves the interannual variability of the index in most ocean basins. Correlations with observed series are made statistically significant at the 95% threshold in all basins except the North Atlantic. The use of the VPD cancels out the upward trends in the historical period observed in indices based on relative humidity. The resulting index is therefore in better agreement with observations. When applied to very high-resolution ARPEGE climate simulations, under the RCP8.5 scenario, the VPD also amplifies the decrease in cyclonic activity
Montroty, Rémi. „Impact d'une assimilation de données à méso-échelle sur la prévision cyclonique“. Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/782/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIs part of the responsibilities of the RSMC of La Reunion and in line with the research topics of the LaCy and the CNRM-GAME, this PhD thesis has been suggested so as to investigate leads that would help better describe and predict tropical cyclones in a mesoscale model over the Indian ocean. Two main topics were investigated : the use of pseudo-observations of total column water vapour (TCWV) derived from the ECMWF analyses in cloudy/rainy areas jointly with a 3D wind bogus so as to constrain position, size and intensity of tropical cycles, and the use of error variances "of the day" in the data assimilation algorithm. We are interested equally in the position and intensity analyses and forecasts : scores and diagnostics thus target those two quantities. Since tropical cyclones exhibit large circular, cloudy/rainy areas which are devoid of observations that can be assimilated, we look at the impacts of those pseudo-observations of TCWV when assimilated in those areas. It is expected that this data can bring new information to the data assimilation system, thus helping constrain the analysis. The pseudo-observations of TCWV in cloudy/rainy areas are derived from an algorithm built by correlating the ECMWF's 1D-VAR TCWV analyses with the SSM/I brightness temperatures, over the southwest Indian ocean bassin. The TCWV data is then assimilated in a 5-week study during the year 2007, study which covered three intense cyclones over the basin. The TCWV data assimilation is done in 3D-VAR mode in the ALADIN Reunion model and is completed by the use of a 3D wind bogus, developed internally at the CRC. The impacts are very positive in terms of direct position error reduction : at analysis, the error was lowered by 75% and through this better positioning, a positive impact was further seen in the forecasts up to 24h, with statistical significance. The TCWV data impact is most notable in terms of structural improvement : when compared to TMI instantaneous rain rates, the experiment that assimilated both the 3D wind bogus and the TCWV data stands out as reproducing the most realistic cyclonic features. The radius of maximum winds, the pattern of spiral rainbands and the general asymetries of the tropical cyclones are better described thanks to the cycling of this data and are in better agreement with the TMI observations. In order to explore the impact of downscaling from ALADIN Reunion, a version of the high resolution model AROME has been implemented over a part of the southwest Indian ocean and covers Reunion island. The sharper, more realistic orography of the AROME Reunion model at 4 km horizontal resolution allows to better capture cyclonic precipitations. .