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Sowell, Joanne E. „Learning Cycles in Art History“. College Teaching 39, Nr. 1 (Februar 1991): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87567555.1991.10532214.
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Zaliska, O. M., К. О. Ya Stasiv und N. M. Maksymovych. „Assessment of availability of assisted reproductive technologies in Ukraine and the world“. Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, Nr. 4 (30.07.2020): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.4.20.05.
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In Ukraine, in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals, the State Strategy for the Implementation of the State Policy for the Provision of the Population with Medicines for the Period until 2025 has been approved, which includes improving the availability of drugs to improve the quality of life. Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) are gaining widespread implementation and funding from the budget in the world.
Goal – the aim of the work was to analyze the state and dynamics of ART cycles in Ukraine for 1999–2019 and to estimate the cost of ART in Ukraine and to develop a methodology for estimating the availability of ART and comparison with European countries.
Materials – international and domestic publications on the assessment of the availability of drugs, the cost of ART. Research methods: system analysis, data synthesis and generalization of information, webometric analysis, statistical analysis of data on the number of ART cycles for 1999-2018, analysis of ART costs.
It is determined that the indicator of the number of ART cycles per 1 million population increased 29.9 times for 1999–2018, which is due to the increase in the number of ART centers conducted ART cycles in relation to the decrease in the population of Ukraine.
It was found that 85% of ART centers are concentrated in only 4 cities (Kyiv, Lviv, Odessa, Kharkiv), which reduces the accessibility of the population to ART cycles, especially in the conditions of quarantine and pandemic COVID-19. It was found that in 1999–2018 the number of ART centers increased 7.7 times, but only 10.8% of ART centers have state funding, which indicates the low availability of ART for budget funds.
It was found that the structure of ART cycles changed significantly. The average costs for the most common ART cycles IVF and ICSI in Ukraine as of the end of 2019 have been determined. It has been shown that only 26% of ART centers provide information on the cost of ART cycles, and web pages need to be filled with information on the cost of ART cycles to ensure that patients are properly informed.
It is shown that in Ukraine as of 2020 the costs of ART cycles are 24 425–30 516 UAH (917,25–1 010,57 Euro) depending on the type of cycle from the perspective of the payer. It is estimated that the availability of ART is 1.5–9.98 depending on the type of ART cycle, the cost of ART cycles is 6–10 times higher than the average family income, when in European countries the availability of ART is much lower 1,5–4.2, which showed higher availability of ART in European countries from payer prospect.
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Lawrenz, Barbara, Laura Melado und Human Fatemi. „Premature progesterone rise in ART-cycles“. Reproductive Biology 18, Nr. 1 (März 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.repbio.2018.01.001.
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Zahalka, N., D. Levran, A. Weissman, J. Farhi, M. Glezerman und G. Malinger. „OC093: Uterine contractility throughout ART cycles“. Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 22, S1 (2003): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/uog.306.
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Hamdan Al Assaf, Anwar, Abdulkarem Amhamed und Odi Fawwaz Alrebei. „State of the Art in Humidified Gas Turbine Configurations“. Energies 15, Nr. 24 (15.12.2022): 9527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249527.
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This research investigates the most modern approaches to water treatment and recovery in power plants because of the scarcity of water sources and the significance of those sources in enhancing the performance of power-generating cycles. Gas turbines, which use mixes of air and water as the working fluid, provide superior efficiency, high specific power outputs, and reduced investment costs compared to combined cycles. Several different cycles for humidified gas turbines, including cycles of direct water injection, cycles of steam injection, and evaporative cycles that include humidity control towers, have been proposed. Despite this, only a few of these cycles have been put into practice, and even fewer are available for purchase on the market. This work aims to analyze the research and development literature on humidification-based gas turbines and highlight the cycles that have the most significant promise for the long run. In addition, work on development that still has to be carried out in order to deploy humidification-based gas turbine cycles is advised. This article may also be used as an overview of the research and development work that has taken place on humidification-based gas turbines over the course of the last thirty years.
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Zaliska, Olha, Khrystyna Stasiv, Nataliia Maksymovych und Yaryna Hrynkiv. „The trends of assisted reproductive technologies and cost for ovarian stimulation protocols in Ukraine“. Pharmacia 67, Nr. 4 (26.10.2020): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.67.e55159.
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The prevalence of infertility has risen 2.9 times in recent years in Ukraine. The use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is needed. The State program for infertility treatment by budget funds was approved in Ukraine since 2004. However, funding for this program is enough only for 500–600 cycles per year, but ART centers conducted more than 27,000 cycles in 2018. This means that many women have to pay out-of-pockets. Our research has shown that between 2000 and 2018, the number of ART clinics and the number of cycles, pregnancies, and children born increased significantly in Ukraine. The rate of ART cycles per 1 million population in Ukraine has increased from 226.9 to 655.3, but it is lower than the WHO recommended rate 800–1000 cycles per 1 million population. Changes in the structure of ART cycles for 2000–2018, the increase of ICSI, and egg donation cycles are shown. It requires an adequate supply by hormonal drugs for ovarian stimulation in ART centers. Since 2004 Ministry of Health of Ukraine annually approved the list of medicines for State program of ART. Only 8 drugs were purchased by the state funds, which amounted for USD 227 438 in 2017, 2018. A retrospective analysis of drug prescriptions in short and long stimulation protocols was performed. The frequency of drug prescriptions according to the ATC-classification based on medical records was determined, all prescriptions were accordance with the requirements of ART treatment standards in Ukraine. The costs of the three hormonal stimulation schemes, which were the most prescribing in ART center, were calculated. It was found that costs for hormonal schemes increased by 22–54% during 2015–2020, it significantly reduces the availability and affordability of ART for the population in Ukraine.
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Kotlyar, Alexander M., Burcin Simsek und David B. Seifer. „Disparities in Art Live Birth and Cumulative Live Birth Outcomes for Hispanic and Asian Women Compared to White Non-Hispanic Women“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, Nr. 12 (14.06.2021): 2615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10122615.
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BACKGROUND: Conflicting disparities have been seen in assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes for Hispanic and Asian women compared to white, non-Hispanic (WNH) women. We, therefore, sought to clarify these disparities and calculated cumulative live birth rates (CLBR) for these racial or ethnic groups using the SARTCORS database. METHODS: We performed an analysis of the 2014–2016 SARTCORS database for member clinics doing at least 50 cycles of ART each year. RESULTS: In comparison to cycles in WNH women, cycles in Hispanic and Asian patients were in older (p < 0.001), more nulliparous women, that were less likely to have a history of endometriosis compared WNH women regardless of prior ART status. ART cycles in Hispanic and Asian women, exhibited lower rates of live birth (LB) per cycle start (p < 0.001) compared to cycles in WNH women. Multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that cycles from Hispanic and Asian women were less likely to have a LB and CLBR than white women (OR 0.86; p = 0.004, OR 0.69; p < 0.001, respectively) independent of age, parity, BMI, etiology of infertility, use of ICSI or number of embryos transferred. CONCLUSIONS: Race or ethnicity continues to be an independent prognostic factor for LB and CLBR for ART. Additional analysis of trends among Hispanic and Asian women is warranted to enable addressing disparities in outcomes in ART treatment.
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Lokshin, V. N., M. D. Omar, Sh K. Karibaeva, T. M. Dzhusubalieva, S. B. Baikoshkarova, A. A. Akhmetova, L. I. Pokotilo, K. S. Dyusembinov, S. S. Tararaka und N. S. Tararaka. „ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 2017: SUMMARY REPORT ON EFFICIENCY AND AVAILABILITY“. Reproductive Medicine, Nr. 3(44) (20.09.2020): 8–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37800/rm2020-1-19.
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The article contains a descriptive analysis to study the characteristics and outcomes of treatment with various methods of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The report includes data on ART cycles registered by the Kazakhstan Association for Reproductive Medicine for the period from January 1 to December 31, 2017. A total of 10,523 ART treatment cycles and 2,037 newborns were registered in 2017. The accessibility of ART treatment was 583 cycles per million population. The Instruction of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan given in the Message of September 1, 2020 is an important step to improve the reproductive potential of the country.
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Lokshin, V. N., M. D. Omar, Sh K. Karibaeva, T. M. Dzhusubalieva, S. B. Baykoshkarov, A. A. Akhmetova, L. I. Pokotilo, K. S. Dyusembinov, S. S. Tararak und G. K. Magzumov. „ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN KAZAKHSTAN IN 2018: A BRIEF PERFORMANCE AND AVAILABILITY REPORT“. Reproductive Medicine, Nr. 2(47) (20.06.2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37800/rm2021-2-8.
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The article contains descriptive analysis to explore characteristics and results treatment with different types of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Into the report data of ART cycles registered by the Kazakhstan Association are included reproductive medicine for the period from January 1 to December 31, 2018. In general complexity, 12,185 cycles of ART treatment were registered in 2018, and 3244 newborns were born as a result of their use. The frequency of ART use was 628 cycles per million population. The instruction of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the message of September 1, 2020 is an important step towards improving the reproductive potential of the country.
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Bai, F., D. Y. Wang, Y. J. Fan, J. Qiu, L. Wang, Y. Dai und L. Song. „Assisted reproductive technology service availability, efficacy and safety in mainland China: 2016“. Human Reproduction 35, Nr. 2 (Februar 2020): 446–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dez245.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION What is the current status of assisted reproductive technology (ART) service availability, efficacy and safety in mainland China? SUMMARY ANSWER In this first national report on ART status in mainland China, data on treatment numbers, outcomes and complications in 2016 are provided and analyzed, respectively. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY National ART Service Provision Surveys are conducted in mainland China regularly. Data were analyzed, and this manuscript was written by team members from the National Center for Women and Children’s Health, China CDC and the Department of Women and Children Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE AND DURATION A cross-sectional nationwide survey was completed in 2018, in which data regarding ART treatments, performed from 1st January to 31st December2016 in 445 ART clinics located in 31 provinces of mainland China, were collected. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING AND METHODS There were in total 451 licensed ART clinics (including artificial insemination clinics) in mainland China in 2016, of which 445 submitted service data. A total of 906 840 cycles were provided by 323 in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics, involving 375 770 conventional IVF cycles, 154 948 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles, 367 146 frozen embryo transfer (FET) thawing cycles and 8976 preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) treatment cycles. A total of 161 376 artificial (i.e. intrauterine) insemination (AI) cycles were reported by 443 clinics, with 126 872 cycles using the husband’s semen (AIH) and 34 504 using donor semen (AID). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE In total, 98.7% of the licensed clinics, contributing to 100% of the ART services (including AID and AIH cycles), were included in this report. (Six clinics provided institutional information only and were excluded.) There were 906 840 in vitro fertilization cycles performed in mainland China with a population of over 1.3 billion inhabitants, with cycles per million inhabitants (C/M) increasing from 360 in 2013 to 657 in 2016, nationwide (range among provinces: 45–3676). After treatment with conventional IVF, the clinical pregnancy rate (PR) per oocyte retrieval cycle was 23.2%, the delivery rate (DR) per oocyte retrieval cycle was 18.7% and the proportion of twin delivery among the total deliveries was 27.9%. For ICSI cycles, the PR, DR and TDR were 20.5%, 16.7% and 27.2%, respectively. For FET per thawing cycles, the PR, DR and TDR were 48.2%, 37.6% and 24.2%. For PGD per diagnosis cycles, the PR, DR and TDR were 38.1%, 29.7% and 4.2%. For AIH cycles, the PR and DR were 13.3% and 10.5%; for AID cycles, the PR and DR were 24.3% and 21.1%, respectively. The total number of live infants born in mainland China in 2016, was 18.46 million, and the number of infants born through ART conducted in 2016 was 311 309, which accounted for 1.69% of the total. The reported rate of birth defects was about 87/10 000. The incidence of moderate to severe ovarian hyper-stimulation syndrome (OHSS) was 11.5 per 1000 oocyte retrieval cycles, and other complications were much more rare. LIMITATIONS AND REASONS FOR CAUTION This report is based on the summary data of ART services provided. The success rates were not calculated by age stratification. A low rate of birth defects was reported, which might be confounded by variations in birth follow-up methods, statistical timing and record taking. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS ART service availability has improved significantly in recent years in mainland China. Because China is a vast country, significant imbalances in ART service provision do exist; however, the main efficacy and safety indicators were close to those of western countries. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFC1000307–2). There are no competing interests.
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Gonzalez, Adrian. „Artificial Intelligence as an Art Director“. Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 16, Nr. 1 (01.10.2020): 337–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v16i1.7454.
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My research focuses on the design of an artificial intelligence-based system that can perform the tasks of a videogame art director. I began with the analysis of game developers’ design processes, workflows, and methodologies. I observed they involve fast-paced proposal-evaluation-correction cycles. This, along with my interest in generative methods, led me to consider using Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), which also include similar cycles, and do not require a high number of samples to produce satisfactory results. Currently, I am using VAEs on experiments over Pokémon images, with positive results.
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de Mouzon, Jacques, Georgina M. Chambers, Fernando Zegers-Hochschild, Ragaa Mansour, Osamu Ishihara, Manish Banker, Silke Dyer, Markus Kupka und G. David Adamson. „International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology 2012†“. Human Reproduction 35, Nr. 8 (23.07.2020): 1900–1913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa090.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION What was the utilization, effectiveness and safety of practices in ART globally in 2012 and what global trends could be observed? SUMMARY ANSWER The total number of ART cycles increased by almost 20% since 2011 and the main trends were an increase in frozen embryo transfers (FET), oocyte donation, preimplantation genetic testing and single embryo transfers (SET), whereas pregnancy and delivery rates (PR, DR) remained stable, and multiple deliveries decreased. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY ART is widely practiced throughout the world, but continues to be characterized by significant disparities in utilization, availability, practice, effectiveness and safety. The International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ICMART) annual world report provides a major tool for tracking trends in ART treatment for over 25 years and gives important data to ART professionals, public health authorities, patients and the general public. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective, cross-sectional survey on the utilization, effectiveness and safety of ART procedures performed globally during 2012 was carried out. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Sixty-nine countries and 2600 ART clinics submitted data on ART cycles performed during the year 2012, and their pregnancy outcome, through national and regional ART registries. ART cycles and outcomes are described at country, regional and global levels. Aggregate country data were processed and analyzed based on methods developed by ICMART. MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE A total of 1 149 817 ART cycles were reported for the treatment year 2012. After imputing data for missing values and non-reporting clinics in reporting countries, 1 948 898 cycles (an increase of 18.6% from 2011) resulted in >465 286 babies (+17.9%) in reporting countries. China did not report and is not included in this estimate. The best estimate of global utilization including China is ∼2.8 million cycles and 0.9 million babies. From 2011 to 2012, the number of reported aspirations and FET cycles increased by 6.9% and 16.0%, respectively. The proportion of women aged 40 years or older undergoing non-donor ART increased from 24.0% in 2011 to 25.2% in 2012. ICSI, as a percentage of non-donor aspiration cycles, increased from 66.5% in 2011 to 68.9% in 2012. The IVF/ICSI combined delivery rates per fresh aspiration and FET cycles were 19.8% and 22.1%, respectively. In fresh non-donor cycles, SET increased from 31.4% in 2011 to 33.7% in 2012, while the average number of transferred embryos decreased from 1.91 to 1.88, respectively—but with wide country variation. The rates of twin deliveries following fresh non-donor transfers decreased from 19.6% in 2011 to 18.0% in 2012, and the triplet rate decreased from 0.9% to 0.8%. In FET non-donor cycles, SET was 54.8%, with an average of 1.54 embryos transferred and twin and triplet rates of 11.1% and 0.4%, respectively. The cumulative DR per aspiration increased from 28.0% in 2011 to 28.9% in 2012. The overall perinatal mortality rate per 1000 births was 21.4 following fresh IVF/ICSI and 15.9 per 1000 following FET. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The data presented depend on the quality and completeness of data submitted by individual countries to ICMART directly or through regional registries. This report covers approximately two-thirds of` world ART activity, with a major missing country, China. Continued efforts to improve the quality and consistency of reporting ART data by registries are still needed, including the use of internationally agreed standard definitions (International Glossary of Infertility and Fertility Care). WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The ICMART world reports provide the most comprehensive global statistical census and review of ART utilization, effectiveness, safety and quality. While ART treatment continues to increase globally, the wide disparities in access to treatment, procedures performed and embryo transfer practices warrant attention by clinicians and policy makers. With the increasing practice of SET and of freeze all and resulting increased proportion of FET cycles, it is clear that PR and DR per aspiration in fresh cycles do not give an overall accurate estimation of ART efficiency. It is time to use cumulative live birth rate per aspiration, combining the outcomes of FET cycles with the associated fresh cycle from which the embryos were obtained, and to obtain global consensus on this approach. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) The authors declare no conflict of interest and no specific support from any organizations in relation to this manuscript. ICMART gratefully acknowledges financial support from the following organizations: American Society for Reproductive Medicine; European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology; Fertility Society of Australia; Japan Society for Reproductive Medicine; Japan Society of Fertilization and Implantation; Red Latinoamericana de Reproduccion Asistida; Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology; Ferring Pharmaceuticals and Abbott (both providing ICMART unrestricted grants unrelated to world reports). TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA.
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Novikova, Marina Mikhailovna. „Art as a Cultural Text“. Interactive science, Nr. 6 (52) (20.08.2020): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-551603.
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The article examines the relationship between cultural and artistic cycles, defines the significance of art in the spiritual formation of civilization, and gives a cultural assessment of stylistic models of artistic creativity.
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Bove, Riley, Kelsey Rankin, Chris Lin, Chao Zhao, Jorge Correale, Kerstin Hellwig, Laure Michel, David A. Laplaud und Tanuja Chitnis. „Effect of assisted reproductive technology on multiple sclerosis relapses: Case series and meta-analysis“. Multiple Sclerosis Journal 26, Nr. 11 (01.08.2019): 1410–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458519865118.
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Background: Five case series reported increased relapse risk after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in women with multiple sclerosis (MS), but small numbers and heterogeneous study design limit broader conclusions. Objective: To evaluate the risk of relapses after ART in an independent case series and in aggregated analyses of existing studies. Methods: We compared annualized relapse rate (ARR) in the 3 months after, and 12 months before, ART in (1) an unpublished cohort (Boston: prospectively collected relapses; 22 ART cycles), (2i) data pooled from Boston and five published studies (164 cycles), and (2ii) a meta-analysis of all case series published by 2017 (220 cycles; PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines). Results: In the Boston cohort, mean ARR was not higher after ART than before (mean: 0.18 ± 0.85 vs 0.27 ± 0.55, p = 0.58). In the pooled analyses, ARR was significantly higher after ART for all clinical scenarios, including varying ART protocols ( p ⩽ 0.01 for each). The meta-analysis confirmed an increased ARR after ART (mean difference (MD) = 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) = [0.33, 1.51], p = 0.01). Conclusion: These pooled data support an increase in ARR following ART. Reasons for local variation in ARR after ART, and consideration of MS treatments during conception attempts, will be pursued.
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Stasiv, K., O. Zaliska und N. Maksymovych. „Analysis of Cost for Art Cycles in Ukraine“. Value in Health 21 (Mai 2018): S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2018.04.854.
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Sükür, Y. E., T. Altun und L. Pal. „Predictors of spontaneous reduction (SR) in ART cycles?“ Fertility and Sterility 94, Nr. 4 (September 2010): S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1024.
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Chiamchanya, Charoenchai, und Kamthorn Pruksananonda. „Development of assisted reproductive technology services in Thailand between 2008 and 2014 before the new law: Results generated from the National ART Registry, Royal Thai College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists“. Asian Biomedicine 13, Nr. 5 (04.06.2020): 189–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abm-2019-0060.
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AbstractBackgroundWhile the assisted reproductive technology (ART) relieves the burden of infertility in many couples, it presents significant public health challenges due to the substantial risk for multiple birth delivery and preterm birth, which are associated with poor maternal and fetal health outcomes. For this reason, it is important to monitor the development and effectiveness of ART services in Thailand.ObjectiveTo analyze the trends of ART services in Thailand between 2008 and 2014.MethodsART clinics in Thailand are required to submit data to the Royal Thai College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists via the National Reporting System. The data from 2008 to 2014 were collected and analyzed.ResultsThe number of ART centers was increased from 35 to 47. The total fresh ART cycles were also increased from 3,723 to 6,516. The percentage values of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, and zygote intrafallopian transfer cycles were changed from 77.87 to 95.59, 21.43 to 4.31, 0.21 to 0.09, and 0.45 to 0.05, respectively. The clinical pregnancy rates were 28.79–33.19, 22.84–51.34, 14.29–42.86, and 0.00–26.67, respectively. The clinical pregnancy rates in fresh vs. frozen-thawed cycles were 31.01–36.33 vs. 31.54–37.34 (P < 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rates in female age <35 vs. 35–39 vs. ≥40 years were 36.97–40.70 vs. 32.74–33.42 vs. 21.08–31.34, respectively (P < 0.001), and the percentage values of multifetal pregnancy rate were 18.75 vs. 13.30 and 13.69, respectively (P < 0.001). There were increasing preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) cycles, with the percentage of the clinical pregnancy rate (25.90–42.63, P < 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rates in medium-sized ART centers (100–300 cycles per year) vs. in small and large centers were 30.79–41.14 vs. 28.01–34.04 and 8.70–40.35, respectively (P < 0.001). Trends of increasing percentage of ART birth rate to total birth rate ratio were 0.24–0.34 (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThere were higher clinical pregnancy rates in frozen-thawed cycles. Higher multifetal pregnancy rate and clinical pregnancy rate were also found in younger females. There were increasing uses of ICSI and PGS. A trend toward increasing ART birth to total birth ratio was observed.
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Spaan, Mandy, Alexandra W. van den Belt-Dusebout, Cornelis B. Lambalk, Hester H. van Boven, Roel Schats, Marian Kortman, Frank J. M. Broekmans et al. „Long-Term Risk of Ovarian Cancer and Borderline Tumors After Assisted Reproductive Technology“. JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute 113, Nr. 6 (17.11.2020): 699–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaa163.
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Abstract Background Long-term effects of assisted reproductive technology (ART) on ovarian tumor risk are unknown. Methods This nationwide cohort study comprises 30 625 women who received ovarian stimulation for ART in 1983-2000 and 9988 subfertile women not treated with ART. Incident invasive and borderline ovarian tumors were ascertained through linkage with the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Pathology Registry until July 2018. Ovarian tumor risk in ART-treated women was compared with risks in the general population and the subfertile non-ART group. Statistical tests were 2-sided. Results After a median follow-up of 24 years, 158 invasive and 100 borderline ovarian tumors were observed. Ovarian cancer risk in the ART group was increased compared with the general population (standardized incidence ratio [SIR] = 1.43, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.18 to 1.71) but not when compared with the non-ART group (age- and parity-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.70 to 1.50). Risk decreased with higher parity and with a larger number of successful ART cycles (resulting in childbirth, Ptrend = .001) but was not associated with the number of unsuccessful ART cycles. Borderline ovarian tumor risk was increased in ART-treated women compared with the general population (SIR = 2.20, 95% CI = 1.66 to 2.86) and with non-ART women (HR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.08 to 3.14). Risk did not increase with more ART cycles or longer follow-up time. Conclusions Increased ovarian cancer risk in ART-treated women compared with the general population is likely explained by nulliparity rather than ART treatment. The increased risk of borderline ovarian tumors after ART must be interpreted with caution because no dose-response relationship was observed.
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Stasiv, Kh O. J., und O. M. Zaliska. „Analysis of costs and results of assisted reproductive technologies in the world and Ukraine“. Farmatsevtychnyi zhurnal, Nr. 1-2 (14.08.2018): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32352/0367-3057.1-2.18.04.
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Taking into account the demographic situation in Ukraine, the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is an urgent task for increasing access to modern, expensive methods of infertility treatment.
The aim of this study was to summarize the legislative requirements for the implementation of ART, the number of cycles, depending on the type, and the costs for ART in the leading countries of the world and in Ukraine. We showed, that most countries in Europe have budgetary financing for a certain number of cycles, while the medical restrictions and age requirements for parents are included. It was revealed that the highest costs for ART are in the USA, the lowest in Japan and Scandinavian countries.
We calculated the rate of provision for IVF and ICSI cycles per 1 million population (Kart) and the countries were ranked into 3 groups. It was shown that Ukraine belongs to countries with a low indicator ‒ less than 500 cycles. Leading countries of Europe, which have government funding for ART (France, Germany, Sweden), are characterized by a high Kart. The need to increase budgetary financing for ART in Ukraine is shown.
The cost analysis for ART according to official websites of private clinics was conducted in Ukraine. We established that the average cost per 1 cycle of IVF was 52 584 UAH, for 1 cycle of ICSI was 6 694 UAH. The calculated solvency adequacy ratio for IVF was 703, it indicates a low availability for the population, and for ICSI is 89, which in 7.9 more affordable for families.
It was found that in 7 clinics there are no Internet pages, and on the websites of 12 clinics information on the cost of services is shown, without taking into account the use of drugs in the protocols of ART. According to the different approaches to informing on websites of the ART clinics, it is advisable to unify the information providing on the sites about the availability of cycles and the total costs for them to improve provision and access for patients. Therefore, it is important to increase the state funding for ART programs.
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Makolkin, Alexander A., und Alla S. Kalugina. „Comparative effectiveness of infertility treatment using assisted reproductive technologies in patients with various forms of endometriosis and its combination with polycystic ovary syndrome“. Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 71, Nr. 1 (15.01.2022): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd72255.
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AIM: The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of various forms of endometriosis and its combination with PCOS on the outcome of assisted reproductive technology programs (ART) with relation to ovarian stimulation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a retrospective examination, we analyzed the results of 241 ART cycles. All patients were divided into three groups: group A: endometriosis (85 ART cycles); group B: combination with PCOS (53 ART cycles), comparison group with tuboperitoneal infertility (103 ART cycles). Group A was subdivided into subgroup A1 with stage I / II endometriosis (50 cases, 58.82%) and subgroup A2 with stage III / IV endometriosis (35 cases, 41.18%). At the first stage of the study, we evaluated the anamnesis and the results of clinical and laboratory tests. During the second stage, we performed laparo- and hysteroscopy surgeries and determined the stage of endometriosis as well as the presence of concomitant pathologies. At the third stage, we performed infertility treatment using ART.
RESULTS: The highest FSH dose was employed in group A2 with the ovarian stimulation performed with GnRH-a: 2230.80 614.09 IU. The minimal dose was used for group A1 (stimulation with antGnRH): 1171.43 547.42 IU. The highest pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (PR) was detected in group A1 with the use of GnRH-a (50%,) higher than in the comparison group (42.72%). The minimal PR (14.29%) was found in group A2 (stimulation with antGnRH). Live Birth Rate (LBR) was higher in A1 patients stimulated with GnRH-a (40.48%), while with the use of antGnRH, all pregnancies terminated in both groups A1 and A2.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study confirmed that common forms of endometriosis are associated with a decrease in the effectiveness of infertility treatment using ART, but minimal forms of endometriosis do not affect the outcomes of ART cycles. The study revealed a negative impact of an ovarian stimulation protocol with the use of antGnRH on IVF outcomes including patients with the combination of endometriosis and PCOS. However, the small number of cases studied dictates further research to be conducted in this field.
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Pacheco, Alberto, Arancha Blanco, Fernando Bronet, María Cruz, Jaime García-Fernández und Juan Antonio García-Velasco. „Magnetic-Activated Cell Sorting (MACS): A Useful Sperm-Selection Technique in Cases of High Levels of Sperm DNA Fragmentation“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, Nr. 12 (08.12.2020): 3976. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123976.
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Magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) can be used to separate apoptotic sperm with high proportions of fragmented DNA from the rest, thus improving the overall quality of the seminal sample. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the efficiency of the MACS technique to increase reproductive outcomes in patients with high levels of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm-injection (ICSI) cycles. In this study, we analyzed a total of 724 assisted-reproduction-technique (ART) cycles that were divided into two groups: the study group (n = 366) in which the MACS selection technique was performed after density-gradient centrifugation (DGC), and the control group (n = 358) in which only DGC was used for sperm selection. Reproductive outcomes were analyzed in both groups according to three different ART procedures: preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), and autologous and oocyte-donation cycles. The MACS group showed significantly lower miscarriage rates in autologous ICSI cycles, higher pregnancy rates in oocyte-donation cycles, and a significant increase in live-birth rates in both autologous and oocyte-donation cycles. Overall, these results suggested that the MACS technique can be effectively used to eliminate sperm with high SDF levels, and therefore may help to improve reproductive outcomes in couples undergoing ART.
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Stern, J. E., M. B. Brown, B. Luke, E. Wantman, A. Lederman und M. D. Hornstein. „Cycle 1 as predictor of ART treatment outcome over multiple cycles: analysis of linked cycles from the SART CORS online database“. Fertility and Sterility 92, Nr. 3 (September 2009): S79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2009.07.303.
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Metic, J., S. Klose, T. C. McAloone, M. Fröhling und D. C. A. Pigosso. „Proposal of a Dual Circularity Concept for Sustainable Design“. Proceedings of the Design Society 2 (Mai 2022): 1051–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pds.2022.107.
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AbstractCurrent CE approach, and its many definitions, does not explicitly consider the interconnectedness of the biological and technological cycle. This paper uses state-of-the-art to articulate nuances of the CE to encourage a more comprehensive understanding of the concept from a perspective of both cycles. The results address that acknowledged sustainably driven shifts of resources between cycles are neglected in most state-of-the-art. Therefore, the Dual Circularity (DC) definition is proposed and further evaluated by three examples.
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Fazlyeva, E. A., G. A. Galieva und R. A. Izmailova. „Market Analysis of assisted reproductive Technologies in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Bashkortostan“. Manager Zdravoochranenia, Nr. 3 (01.03.2022): 10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2022-3-10-16.
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The increase in the prevalence of infertility among the population determines the need for further development and use of assisted reproductive technologies. Purpose of the study: to study the state of the market of assisted reproductive technologies in Russian Federation and Bashkortostan Republic. Material and methods: analysis of statistical information in the field of healthcare of Russian Federation and Bashkortostan Republic. Results: the number of ART centers and cycles in Russia are steadily growing, while the part of state centers and cycles performed in them is just 1/3 and tends to decrease. Private clinics, both in Russia and Bashkortostan Republic, actively participate in state guarantee programs and account for more than half of all ART treatment cycles.
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Levi Setti, P. E., E. Morenghi, C. Sonia, S. Galliera, V. Arfuso und F. Menduni. „Restrictive law regulating art in Italy significantly reduced delivery rate in infertile patients art cycles“. Fertility and Sterility 94, Nr. 4 (September 2010): S265—S266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1023.
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Caves, Richard E. „Contracts Between Art and Commerce“. Journal of Economic Perspectives 17, Nr. 2 (01.05.2003): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/089533003765888430.
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Contract structures used in the arts and entertainment industries are central to understanding their economic organization. The structures spring from common bedrock traits of these industries—pervasive product differentiation, all costs sunk, consumers' valuations unpredictable, artists having tastes for how creative work is done. Joint-venture structures are commen, with revenue (not profit) shared. Advances to artists help bring incentive and distributive goals into consistency, as do long-term contracts covering successive cycles of the artist's output. Real option contracts allow the efficient allocation of decision rights in a project on which collaborators work successively.
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Wang, Sarah, und David B. Seifer. „Age-Related Increase in Live-Birth Rates of First Frozen Thaw Embryo Compared With First Fresh Transfer in Initial Assisted Reproductive Technology Cycles Without Preimplantation Genetic Testing [ID 2683417]“. Obstetrics & Gynecology 143, Nr. 5S (Mai 2024): 27S—28S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0001013224.80825.7b.
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INTRODUCTION: Compare live-birth outcomes stratified by age between primary frozen (FET) and fresh transfers in initial autologous assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles without preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of autologous first ART cycles without PGT comparing success rates of primary embryo transfer (frozen thaw versus fresh) from the 2014–2020 SARTCORS database. We compared live-birth rate (LBR) stratified by age and cumulative live-birth rate (CLBR) for first FET versus first fresh cycles in first ART cycle. Primary transfer (FET or fresh) was the first transfer for an index retrieval. LBR was number of live births from first embryo transfer associated with first retrieval. CLBR was defined as at least one live birth from all linked embryo transfers within 1 year from initial retrieval. Multivariate logistic regression (MLR) determined association between live-birth outcomes and method of transfer. RESULTS: 228,171 first ART cycles resulted in primary embryo transfer. 62,100 initial FETs and 166,071 fresh transfers were compared. LBR was 48.3% for initial FETs versus 39.8% for initial fresh transfers (P<.001). CLBR was 71.8% for initial FETs versus 59.2% for initial fresh transfers (P<.001). MLR demonstrated that initial FETs had a greater chance of live birth across all age groups, with adjusted odds ratio of live birth incrementally increasing with advancing age groups. CONCLUSION: Overall, LBR and CLBR were greater for first FET than fresh transfers with incremental increases in odds of live birth with advancing age, suggesting the presence of a more favorable age-related change in endometrial receptivity present in frozen–thawed cycles.
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Tal, Reshef, David B. Seifer, Renana Tal, Emily Granger, Ethan Wantman und Oded Tal. „AMH Highly Correlates With Cumulative Live Birth Rate in Women with Diminished Ovarian Reserve Independent of Age“. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism 106, Nr. 9 (17.03.2021): 2754–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgab168.
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Abstract Context Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) level is strongly associated with ovarian response in assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycles but is a poor predictor of live birth. It is unknown whether AMH is associated with cumulative live birth rates (CLBRs) in women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Objective To examine the association between serum AMH and CLBR among women with DOR undergoing ART. Methods Retrospective analysis of Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System database 2014-16. A total of 34 540 index retrieval cycles of women with AMH <1 ng/mL. The main outcome measure was cumulative live birth. Results A total of 34 540 (25.9%) cycles with AMH <1 ng/mL out of 133 442 autologous index retrieval cycles were analyzed. Cycles with preimplantation genetic testing or egg/embryo banking were excluded. Data were stratified according to AMH and, age and regression analysis of AMH and CLBR was performed for each age stratum. Multiple logistic regression demonstrated that AMH is an independent predictor of CLBR (odds ratio [OR] 1.39, 95% CI 1.18-1.64). Serum AMH was strongly associated with number of oocytes retrieved, embryos cryopreserved, mean number of cumulative embryos transferred, and percentage of cycles that had an embryo transfer. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that AMH highly correlated with CLBR in each age stratum. Conclusion Serum AMH is highly correlated with CLBR in women with DOR independent of age. The addition of AMH to current age-based prognostication counseling particularly in women with DOR would provide more informative and personalized CLBR prediction prior to ART.
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Kliś, Zdzisław. „Gestures in Passion Cycles in Central European Mural Painting“. Folia Historica Cracoviensia 13 (23.02.2024): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15633/fhc.1454.
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In medieval Passion cycles represented in Czech, Slovak (former Hungary), and Polish murals dating from the fourteenth to the fifteenth centuries one may observe a number of-gestures which appear in respective scenes starting from the Entry into Jerusalem and ending with the Entombment (laying in the sepulchre). The most significant gesture in the entry scene is the outstretched hand of Christ riding a donkey. It is the language of gesture used since antiquity, transmitted through Byzantine and Italian art (including Giotto’s Entry into Jerusalem in his Arena Chapel frescoes), and transferred into art north of the Alps.
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Ghasemzadeh, Aliyeh, Samira Abdollahi Moghadam, Laya Farzadi und Mohammad Noori. „Q10 Co-enzyme Effect on Fetus Implantation in ART Cycles“. Advances in Bioscience and Clinical Medicine 8, Nr. 2 (28.06.2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.abcmed.v.8n.2p.17.
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Background and Aim: Infertility is a common condition that affects many couples. Although current cutting-edge therapeutic methods have been found promising in this regard, their success still is not sufficiently high. Accordingly, researchers are working to develop new methods to augment the likelihood of successful results of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART). Recently, coenzyme Q10 has been recognized an important and influential factor in the process of reproduction and some scarce studies have been along favorable results in this regard. This study aims to examine the effect of oral administration of coenzyme Q10 on embryo implantation in ART cycles. Methods and Materials: In this randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial, a total of 128 infertile females who were candidates for ART were randomized in two groups receiving either a daily capsule of coenzyme Q10 by the commencement of gonadotropin through to pregnancy test result (case group, 64 patients), or placebo (control group, 64 patients). Finally, oocyte count, fertilization rate, embryo count, quality of embryos, transferred embryo count, implantation rate and pregnancy rate were compared between the two groups. Results: The mean age of the patients was 32.77±6.01 years (20-41) in the case group and 32.45±5.93 years (20-42) in the case group, with no significant difference between the two groups (p=0.77). In comparison between the case and control groups, in spite of better results in the case group, no significant difference was found in terms of oocyte count (10.47±7.16 and 9.38±7.52, respectively; p=0.40), fertilization rate (66.88±16.08 % and 66.73±21.50 %, respectively; p=0.96), embryo count (7.03±4.78 and 5.84±4.85, respectively; p=0.17), quality of embryos (71.9% grade I and 28.1% grade II in cases, 68.8% grade I and 31.3% grade II in controls; p=0.70) transferred embryo count (10.9% one, 56.3% two-three and 32.8% more than three in cases, 14% one, 56.3% two-three and 29.7% more than three in controls; p=0.84), implantation rate (8.39±12.73 % and 7.22±12.80 %, respectively; p=0.60), and pregnancy rate (34.4% and 26.6%, respectively; p=0.34). Conclusion: Although using coenzyme Q10, in comparison with placebo, was along with better results in terms of outcome variables of ART, the difference was statistically insignificant possibly because of a small sample size and short duration of the intervention.
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Di Rosa, Alessandra, Elena Albani, Emanuela Morenghi, Valeria Maria Iommiello und Paolo Emanuele Levi Setti. „A new method to assess oxidative stress in ART cycles“. Gynecological Endocrinology 32, Nr. 3 (06.01.2016): 210–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09513590.2015.1110134.
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Ahuja, Kamal K., und Nick Macklon. „Vitrification and the demise of fresh treatment cycles in ART“. Reproductive BioMedicine Online 41, Nr. 2 (August 2020): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rbmo.2020.03.017.
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Slaney, Frances M. „Psychoanalysis and cycles of “subversion” in modern art and anthropology“. Dialectical Anthropology 14, Nr. 3 (September 1989): 213–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00248690.
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Paul, Repon C., Oisin Fitzgerald, Devora Lieberman, Christos Venetis und Georgina M. Chambers. „Cumulative live birth rates for women returning to ART treatment for a second ART-conceived child“. Human Reproduction 35, Nr. 6 (08.05.2020): 1432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deaa030.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION What are the success rates for women returning to ART treatment in the hope of having a second ART-conceived child. SUMMARY ANSWER The cumulative live birth rate (LBR) for women returning to ART treatment was between 50.5% and 88.1% after six cycles depending on whether women commenced with a previously frozen embryo or a new ovarian stimulation cycle and the assumptions made regarding the success rates for women who dropped-out of treatment. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Previous studies have reported the cumulative LBR for the first ART-conceived child to inform patients about their chances of success. However, most couples plan to have more than one child to complete their family and, for that reason, patients commonly return to ART treatment after the birth of their first ART-conceived child. To our knowledge, there are no published data to facilitate patient counseling and clinical decision-making regarding the success rates for these patients. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A population-based cohort study with 35 290 women who commenced autologous (using their own oocytes) ART treatment between January 2009 and December 2013 and achieved their first treatment-dependent live birth from treatment performed during this period. These women were then followed up for a further 2 years of treatment to December 2015, providing a minimum of 2 years and a maximum of 7 years of treatment follow-up. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Cycle-specific LBR and cumulative LBR were calculated for up to six complete ART cycles (one ovarian stimulation and all associated transfers). Three cumulative LBR were calculated based on the likelihood of success in women who dropped-out of treatment (conservative, optimal and inverse probability-weighted (IPW)). A multivariable logistic regression model was used to predict the chance of returning to ART treatment for a second ART-conceived child, and a discrete time logistic regression model was used to predict the chance of achieving a second ART-conceived child up to a maximum of six complete cycles. The models were adjusted for patient characteristics and previous and current treatment characteristics. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Among the women who had their first ART-conceived live birth, 15 325 (43%) returned to treatment by December 2015. LBRs were consistently better in women who recommenced treatment with a previously frozen embryo, compared to women who underwent a new ovarian stimulation cycle. After six complete cycles, plus any surplus frozen embryos, the cumulative LBR was between 60.9% (95% CI: 60.0–61.8%) (conservative) and 88.1% (95% CI: 86.7–89.5%) (optimal) [IPW 87.2% (95% CI: 86.2–88.2%)] for women who recommenced treatment with a frozen embryo, compared to between 50.5% (95% CI: 49.0–52.0%) and 69.8% (95% CI: 67.5–72.2%) [IPW 68.1% (95% CI: 67.3–68.9%)] for those who underwent a new ovarian stimulation cycle. The adjusted odds of a second ART-conceived live birth decreased for women ≥35 years, who waited at least 3 years before returning to treatment, or who required a higher number of ovarian stimulation cycles or double embryo transfer to achieve their first child. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our estimates do not fully account for a number of individual prognostic factors, including duration of infertility, BMI and ovarian reserve. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This is the first study to report success rates for women returning to ART treatment to have second ART-conceived child. These age-specific success rates can facilitate individualized counseling for the large number of patients hoping to have a second child using ART treatment. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) No funding was received to undertake this study. R. Paul and O. Fitzgerald have nothing to declare. D. Lieberman reports being a fertility specialist and receiving non-financial support from MSD and Merck outside the submitted work. C. Venetis reports being a fertility specialist and receiving personal fees and non-financial support from MSD, personal fees and non-financial support from Merck Serono and Beisins and non-financial support from Ferring outside the submitted work. G.M. Chambers reports being a paid employee of the University of New South Wales, Sydney (UNSW) and Director of the National Perinatal Epidemiology and Statistics Unit (NPESU), UNSW. The Fertility Society of Australia (FSA) contracts UNSW to prepare the Australian and New Zealand Assisted Reproductive Technology Database (ANZARD) annual report series and benchmarking reports. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA.
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Molina, Ruben, Samantha Simpson, Rhiana Saunders und Fauziat T. Ugoanusi. „Ethnicity and In Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in an Equal Access to Care Setting [ID 2683634]“. Obstetrics & Gynecology 143, Nr. 5S (Mai 2024): 13S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.aog.0001013016.29109.b5.
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INTRODUCTION: Many studies report racial disparities in assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes, specifically, lower pregnancy rates and higher miscarriage rates in Black women. In an equal access to care setting, we wanted to delineate causes of this ongoing racial disparity. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of ART cycles at Brooke Army Medical Center (BAMC) from 2013 to 2021 via the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology database. This study received a nonresearch designation from the BAMC IRB. RESULTS: A total of 1,211 in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles were reviewed, comparing outcomes by race from first-time embryo transfers, fresh or frozen after “freeze-all” IVF cycles. Black women (19% of all cycles) experienced a lower live birth rate (27.3% versus 34.6%; risk ratio [RR] 0.75; 95% CI 0.6–0.94), but did not experience a statistically significant increase in pregnancy loss (36.8% versus 30.6%; RR 1.26; 95% CI, 0.94–1.68] compared to all other patients. Black women were found to have a higher prevalence of uterine factor infertility (RR 2.87; 95% CI, 2.24–3.66) and tubal factor infertility (RR 1.79; 95% CI, 1.51–2.12). When controlling for uterine factor infertility, Black racial identity was no longer a risk factor for decreased live birth rate (adjusted RR 0.85; 95% CI, 0.69–1.07). CONCLUSION: Recent literature demonstrates poorer ART outcomes for Black women. Our study suggests that this may be attributable to uterine fibroids, and an increased research focus on uterine fibroid treatment in patients desiring fertility may improve ART outcomes in Black women.
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Giebler, Maria, Thomas Greither, Diana Handke, Gregor Seliger und Hermann M. Behre. „Lower Spermatozoal PIWI-LIKE 1 and 2 Transcript Levels Are Significantly Associated with Higher Fertilization Rates in IVF“. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, Nr. 21 (20.10.2021): 11320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222111320.
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The four human PIWI-LIKE gene family members PIWI-LIKE 1–4 play a pivotal role in stem cell maintenance and transposon repression in the human germline. Therefore, dysregulation of these genes negatively influences the genetic stability of the respective germ cell and subsequent development and maturation. Recently, we demonstrated that a lower PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA expression in ejaculated spermatozoa is more frequent in men with oligozoospermia. In this study, we analysed how PIWI-LIKE 1–4 mRNA expression in ejaculated spermatozoa predicts ART outcome. From 160 IVF or ICSI cycles, portions of swim-up spermatozoa used for fertilization were collected, and the total RNA was isolated. PIWI-LIKE 1–4 mRNA expression was measured by qPCR using TaqMan probes with GAPDH as a reference gene. PIWI-LIKE 1 and 2 transcript levels in the spermatozoa of the swim-up fraction were positively correlated to each other (rS = 0.78; p < 0.001). Moreover, lower PIWI-LIKE 2 mRNA levels, as well as lower PIWI-LIKE 1 mRNA levels, in these spermatozoa were positively associated with a fertilization rate ≥ 50% in the respective ART cycles (p = 0.02 and p = 0.0499, Mann–Whitney U-Test). When separately analysing IVF and ICSI cycles, PIWI-LIKE 1 and 2 transcript levels were only significantly associated to increased fertilization rates in IVF, yet not in ICSI cycles. Spermatozoal PIWI-LIKE 3 and 4 transcript levels were not significantly associated to fertilization rates in ART cycles. In conclusion, lower levels of spermatozoal PIWI-LIKE 1 and 2 mRNA levels are positively associated with a higher fertilization rate in IVF cycles.
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Petrov, Vladimir M. „The Evolution of Art: An Investigation of Cycles of Left- and Right-Hemispherical Creativity in Art“. Leonardo 31, Nr. 3 (1998): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1576576.
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Faber, Katherine T., Francesca Casadio, Admir Masic, Luc Robbiola und Marc Walton. „Looking Back, Looking Forward: Materials Science in Art, Archaeology, and Art Conservation“. Annual Review of Materials Research 51, Nr. 1 (26.07.2021): 435–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-matsci-080819-013103.
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Cultural heritage materials, ranging from archaeological objects and sites to fine arts collections, are often characterized through their life cycle. In this review, the fundamentals and tools of materials science are used to explore such life cycles—first, via the origins of the materials and methods used to produce objects of function and artistry, and in some cases, examples of exceptional durability. The findings provide a window on our cultural heritage. Further, they inspire the design of sustainable materials for future generations. Also explored in this review are alteration phenomena over intervals as long as millennia or as brief as decades. Understanding the chemical processes that give rise to corrosion, passivation, or other degradation in chemical and physical properties can provide the foundation for conservation treatments. Finally, examples of characterization techniques that have been invented or enhanced to afford studies of cultural heritage materials, often nondestructively, are highlighted.
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Polivanova, D. K., und K. M. Polivanov. „THE THEME OF THE EMERGENCE OF ART AND VARIATIONS ON SHAKESPEARE IN PASTERNAK’S CYCLE "A MIDSUMMER NIGHT’S DREAM"“. Russkaya literatura 1 (2021): 145–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-1-145-157.
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The article offers an interpretation of six poems from the cycle A Midsummer Night’s Dream (Son v Letniuiu Noch’), one of the most «obscure» cycles in Boris L. Pasternak’s fourth poetry collection Themes and Variations (Temy i Variatsii). The authors demonstrate that the themes of the emergence of art and the circumstances of the fi rst post-revolutionary years — the central themes for the entire volume — may be linked to the Shakespeare’s comedy from which the cycle’s name is drawn.
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Romanov, Andrey Y., Anastasiya G. Syrkasheva, Nataliya V. Dolgushina und Elena A. Kalinina. „The role of the growth hormone in assisted reproductive technologies cycles“. Gynecology 21, Nr. 4 (15.08.2019): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/20795696.2019.4.190526.
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The paper analyzes the literature data on the use of the growth hormone (GH) in ovarian stimulation in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Routine use of GH in ovarian stimulation in patients with a normal GH level does not increase pregnancy and childbirth rates in ART. Also, no benefits of using GH have been identified for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome, despite the increase in insulin and IGF-1 blood levels. The main research focus is to study the use of GH in patients with poor ovarian response. According to the meta-analysis conducted by X.-L. Li et al. (2017), GH in ovarian stimulation of poor ovarian responders increases the number of received oocytes, mature oocytes number, reduces the embryo transfer cancellation rate and does not affect the fertilization rate. The pregnancy and live birth rates are significantly higher in the group of GH use - by 1.65 (95% CI 1.23-2.22) and 1.73 (95% CI 1.25-2.40) times, respectively. Thus, it is advisable to use GH in ovarian stimulation in poor ovarian responders, since it allows to increases live birth rate in ART. However, further studies should determine the optimal GH dose and assesse it`s safety in ART programs.
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Parrella, Alessandra, Derek Keating, Stephanie Cheung, Philip Xie, Joshua D. Stewart, Zev Rosenwaks und Gianpiero D. Palermo. „A treatment approach for couples with disrupted sperm DNA integrity and recurrent ART failure“. Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics 36, Nr. 10 (16.08.2019): 2057–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10815-019-01543-5.
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Abstract Objective To test a novel method to select spermatozoa with high chromatin integrity. Design Specimens with high sperm chromatin fragmentation (SCF) were selected by density gradient selection (DGS) and microfluidic sperm sorting (MSS). Setting Academic medical center. Patient(s) Ejaculates from consenting men were processed by DGS/MSS. Couples underwent ICSI cycles with spermatozoa processed by DGS/MSS. Clinical outcomes were evaluated after embryo transfer. Intervention(s) SCF was measured by TUNEL. ICSI with spermatozoa selected by DGS and MSS was performed. Main outcome measure(s) Fertilization, embryo implantation, and pregnancy outcomes were compared between DGS and MSS. Result(s) A total of 23 men had an average SCF of 20.7 ± 10%. After DGS and MSS, the SCF was 12.5 ± 5% and 1.8 ± 1%, respectively. In couples who underwent ICSI, the average SCF was 28.8 ± 9%, which fell to 21.0 ± 9% after DGS and 1.3 ± 0.7% after MSS. Four couples underwent 11 ICSI cycles with DGS and achieved one (25%) pregnancy that resulted in pregnancy loss. In four subsequent ICSI cycles with MSS, an ongoing clinical pregnancy rate of 50% was achieved. Five additional couples underwent 12 cycles of ICSI with DGS. After preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, 30.3% of the embryos were euploid. One pregnancy was achieved, resulting in pregnancy loss. With MSS, 31.5% of the embryos were euploid and 4 couples obtained a pregnancy. Finally, sixteen couples underwent 20 ICSI cycles solely with MSS at our center. Of these couples, 8 had failed 13 ICSI cycles with DGS elsewhere. These couples achieved an overall implantation of 34.5% (10/29) and a pregnancy rate of 58.8% (10/17). Conclusion(s) Microfluidic selection yielded spermatozoa with optimal genomic integrity and improved chances of obtaining a euploid conceptus.
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Delanoy, Nicolas, Antoine Angelergues, Eleni Efstathiou, Revekka Gyftaki, Piotr Jan Wysocki, Nuria Lainez, Iria Gonzalez et al. „Sequencing in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): Updated results of the FLAC International Database.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 6_suppl (20.02.2017): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.6_suppl.267.
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267 Background: Optimal sequencing of new androgen-receptor targeted agents (ART) abiraterone and enzalutamide with docetaxel (DOC) and cabazitaxel (CABA) is unknown. In this large retrospective cohort of mCRPC patients (pts) treated with CABA after docetaxel (DOC), we evaluated the impact of 3 different sequences: DOC → CABA (group 1, n = 267) Or DOC → ART → CABA (group 2, n = 183) Or DOC → CABA → ART (group 3, n = 124). Methods: Records of 574 consecutive mCRPC patients were retrospectively collected in 44 centres in 6 European countries (France, Spain, UK, Greece, Poland, Turkey) from August 2012 to July 2016. Disease history and clinical characteristics at initiation of DOC therapy and outcomes were collected. Factors influencing OS were evaluated using multivariate stepwise logistic regression. Results: At DOC initiation, median age was 67 years, 83% of pts were ECOG 0-1, 45.1% had pain and 10.8% had visceral metastases. Median number of DOC cycles was 7 (6 in group 2, 7 in groups 1 and 3). Median number of CABA cycles was 6 (6 in groups 1 and 2, 7 in group 3). Median duration of ART treatment was 5.9 and 4.4 mths in groups 2 and 3, retrospectively. Median OS from first DOC cycle were 30.1, 37.1 and 40.1 mths in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Factors influencing OS are summarized in the table below. Conclusions: Results of this retrospective cohort suggest that patients receiving DOC → CAB → ART show the greatest OS. High baseline PSA, short response to first-ADT and clinical progression of pts are major prognostic factors of OS at DOC initiation. The window of opportunity for chemotherapy should not be missed. [Table: see text]
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Keefe, Kimberly W., Andrea Lanes, Kayla Stratton, Daniel M. Green, Eric Jessen Chow, Kevin C. Oeffinger, Sara Barton et al. „Assisted reproductive technology outcomes in childhood cancer survivors: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2020): 10528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.10528.
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10528 Background: Some treatment exposures for childhood cancer reduce ovarian reserve. Registry-based evaluation has not been conducted for assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes of female survivors. Methods: The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, a retrospective cohort of five-year survivors and siblings, was linked to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology Clinic Outcome Reporting System (SART CORS), which captures nationwide, CDC-required reporting of ART outcomes. We assessed live birth rate and relative risk (RR, 95% CI) as a function of treatment exposure, using generalized estimating equation to account for multiple ovarian stimulations per subject. Results: Among 9885 female survivors, 137 (1.4%; median age at diagnosis 10 years, range 0-20; 11 years of follow-up, 2-11) underwent 243 ART cycles (mean 1.8 cycles) and among 2419 siblings, 33 (1.4%) underwent 60 ART cycles (mean 1.8). Median age at autologous egg retrieval was 30 years (19-44) for survivors and 34 (24-43) for siblings. In the subset using autologous eggs (Table), 99 survivors underwent 155 ovarian stimulation cycles that resulted in 113 embryo transfers and 49 live births for a live birth rate of 32% per ovarian stimulation and 43% per transfer. Sibling live birth rate was 38% (p = 0.39 compared to survivors) per autologous ovarian stimulation and 53% (p = 0.33) per transfer. 38 survivors and 1 sibling underwent egg donor ovarian stimulation cycles. Two survivors used autologous eggs with gestational carriers and one cycle resulted in live birth. Cranial radiation therapy (RT) [RR 0.48 (0.27-0.87) p = 0.02] and pelvic RT [0.30 (0.14-0.66) p = 0.002], compared with no RT, resulted in lower RR of live birth in survivors. The likelihood of live birth after ART in survivors was not impacted by alkylator exposure [CED < 8000 mg/m2 vs. none: 1.14 (0.65-2.02); CED >8000 mg/m2 vs none: 1.07 (0.06-1.91)]. Conclusions: While live birth rates among survivors were lower compared with siblings, differences were not statistically significant. Pelvic and cranial RT were associated with a decreased likelihood of live birth, with no association with alkylator exposure identified. [Table: see text]
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Grandone, Elvira, Pier Di Micco, Michela Villani, Donatella Colaizzo, Carmen Fernández-Capitán, Jorge Del Toro, Vladimir Rosa et al. „Venous Thromboembolism in Women Undergoing Assisted Reproductive Technologies: Data from the RIETE Registry“. Thrombosis and Haemostasis 118, Nr. 11 (08.10.2018): 1962–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1673402.
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AbstractVenous thromboembolism (VTE) during or after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) is predicted to rise due to the increased number of women undergoing this technique. We present data collected in the RIETE registry up to October 2016. Overall, 41 (0.6%) out of 6,718 women of childbearing age with VTE had an ART-related event. Most of them underwent autologous ART cycles; 23 had isolated deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (56.1%), 12 isolated pulmonary embolism (PE) (29.3%) and 6 simultaneous occurrence of both the events (14.6%). VTE occurred in 20 successful and 21 unsuccessful (i.e. not resulting in a clinical pregnancy) ART cycles. No recurrence was observed at 90 days. Logistic regression showed that isolated PE was significantly more frequent than DVT alone or combined with PE in unsuccessful in vitro fertilization (IVF) (odds ratio [OR]: 4.13, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4–12.4), as well as in contraceptive users (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.95–4.5) and in puerperium (OR: 1.96, 95% CI: 1.16–3.3). After grouping isolated PE and DVT + PE, we found that PE was significantly more frequent in women with unsuccessful IVF and higher body mass index (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.2–20.7 and OR: 1.0, 95%CI: 1.0–1.1, respectively). These data document a higher risk of PE in unsuccessful cycles than in successful ones. The risk is higher than that observed during pregnancy, puerperium and contraception.
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Zhen, Li. „The Origins of Theatricality in Vocal Art of Alexander Tchaikovsky“. Университетский научный журнал, Nr. 79 (24.04.2024): 100–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.25807/22225064_2024_79_100.
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This article is devoted to the vocal works of the outstanding Russian composer Alexander Vladimirovich Tchaikovsky. The perspective of the study is the manifestation of theatricality in the composer’s vocal cycles. The quality of theatricality was formed by the conditions of Tchaikovsky’s personal formation in the atmosphere of professional activity of the closest members of his family. His father, Vladimir Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky, was the director of the Stanislavski and Nemirovich-Danchenko Moscow Music Theatre. His work in the 1960–70s had a huge impact on the personality of the future composer. His uncle, Boris Alexandrovich Tchaikovsky, was an outstanding Soviet composer. The vocal cycles of Alexander Tchaikovsky show the tendency towards theatricalisation of vocal works, which developed in Western European and Russian musical art of the 19th and 20th centuries.
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Paffoni, Alessio, Maíra Casalechi, Dominique De Ziegler, Ettore Cicinelli, Edgardo Somigliana, Paola Viganò und Amerigo Vitagliano. „Live Birth After Oocyte Donation In Vitro Fertilization Cycles in Women With Endometriosis“. JAMA Network Open 7, Nr. 1 (31.01.2024): e2354249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.54249.
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ImportanceAlthough multiple mechanisms have been proposed to explain the infertility related to endometriosis, there are no conclusive data on the association of endometriosis with endometrial receptivity. The oocyte donation model in assisted reproduction technology (ART) cycles can clarify this issue.ObjectiveTo explore the association of a history of endometriosis with ART outcomes in recipients of oocyte donation.Data SourcesIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, electronic databases were searched from inception until August 31, 2023, using combinations of relevant keywords. Moreover, we retrieved data from the databases of the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) in the US and the Human Fertilization and Embryology Authority (HFEA) in the United Kingdom.Study SelectionObservational studies were included if they investigated the impact of endometriosis on ART outcomes with donor oocytes.Data Extraction and SynthesisPublicly available data related to ART from various sources were gathered, and a retrospective aggregate and nonaggregate analysis using registries of in vitro fertilization cycles with oocyte or embryo donation was conducted.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) following oocyte donor cycles. The effect measures of comparisons between groups are presented as odds ratios (ORs) with a 95% CI.ResultsThis study analyzed 7212 oocyte donation cycles from 4 studies for the meta-analysis, along with 162 082 cycles from 2 registries (137 182 from SART and 24 900 from HFEA). No significant differences between the groups were observed in the meta-analysis of published data after adjusting for confounding factors (OR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.19-1.57). A statistically significant lower LBR was identified in women with endometriosis when analyzing the aggregate data from SART and HFEA databases (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97).Conclusions and RelevanceThis study found a modest decrease in LBR among women with a history of endometriosis, although only results from the pooled analysis of registry data and not those from the meta-analysis reached statistical significance. These findings suggest that a marginal impairment of uterine receptivity may contribute to infertility mechanisms in women affected by endometriosis.
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Hastings, Rachel N. „“Black Human” and “Remember”“. Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 7, Nr. 4 (2018): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2018.7.4.163.
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The MenStroll Cycles is a dramatic poemplay examining the sociopolitical state of Black men in America. Written, produced, and curated by Rachel N. Hastings, The MenStroll Cycles uses literary, performance, and digital art to interrogate antiBlack social conditions and to educate audiences about the historical and cultural cycles leading to criminalization. As a fast-paced, rhythmic journey through Black intelligencia, Hastings's performance is inspired by the deaths of Trayvon Martin and Michael Brown, and movements like Black Lives Matter, which highlight a pattern of racial crises emerging around issues of police and community relations, institutional and systemic exclusion, and the disproportionate number of Black men in prison. Rarely are Black men and women represented as allies against a common foe. Hastings counters the notion that Black people cannot advocate and critique one another, while offering a critical Blackademik narrative about the use of performance as an artistic act of political resistance.
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Haigentz, Missak, Page C. Moore, Lee Ratner, David H. Henry, Paul G. Rubinstein, Juan Carlos Ramos, Michelle A. Rudek et al. „Tolerability of paclitaxel/carboplatin (PCb) in solid tumor patients (pts) infected with HIV.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, Nr. 15_suppl (20.05.2017): e14077-e14077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e14077.
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e14077 Background: Although cancer has long been a recognized hallmark of the HIV epidemic, the preservation of immunologic health with modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) and aging has resulted in a population increasingly susceptible to cancers not traditionally associated with advancing immunosuppression. Several of these cancers (including lung, anal and head & neck) are seen in excess compared to the background population. Defining tolerability of standard treatments and analyzing potential interactions between ART and chemotherapy provides evidence necessary to mitigate treatment disparities. Methods: We conducted a study to evaluate the tolerability of PCb in HIV+ cancer pts. AMC-078 (NCT01249443), originally designed as a phase I of vorinostat in combination with fixed doses of P (at 175mg/m2) and Cb (AUC 6) every 3 weeks, was amended to study pts treated with PCb alone after phase III testing in the background population was negative for the combination in lung cancer. Eligibility criteria: PS ≤ 2, advanced solid tumor and normal organ function, including CD4 count > 100 cells/mcL on stable ART. Up to 6 cycles of PCb were permitted. Clinically significant adverse events (AE) in prior cycles were managed by dose reductions. Results: 17 pts (10M/7F; median CD4, 389/mcL) were accrued, including lung (9) and anal (3) cancers; 8 pts had ritonavir (potent CYP inhibitor)-containing ART. 65 PCb cycles were administered to 16 evaluable pts, for a mean of 4+ cycles/pt; only 2 pts were treated with vorinostat. AE of special interest included ≥G3 (febrile) neutropenia and ≥ G2 neuropathy, below. 4 pts had partial responses (3 confirmed). Pharmacokinetic analyses (7 pts) are pending. Conclusions: PCb has similar toxicity profile in fit pts with HIV infection. No signal for worse myelosuppression or neuropathy was observed by ART regimen. Routine use of GCSF or empiric dose reduction for presumed risk is unjustified. Results support standard cancer treatment for this underserved population. Clinical trial information: NCT01249443. [Table: see text]
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Stern, Judy E., Chia-ling Liu, Sunah S. Hwang, Dmitry Dukhovny, Leslie V. Farland, Hafsatou Diop, Charles C. Coddington und Howard Cabral. „Influence of Placental Abnormalities and Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension in Prematurity Associated with Various Assisted Reproductive Technology Techniques“. Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, Nr. 8 (14.04.2021): 1681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10081681.
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Objective. Assisted reproductive technology (ART)-treated women exhibit increased risk of premature delivery compared to fertile women. We evaluated whether ART treatment modalities increase prematurity and whether placental abnormalities and pregnancy-induced hypertensive (PIH) disorders mediate these risks. Method(s): This retrospective study of ART-treated and fertile deliveries (2004–2017) used an ART-cycle database linked to Massachusetts birth certificates and hospital discharges. Outcomes of late preterm birth (LPTB: 34–36 weeks gestation) and early preterm birth (EPTB: <34 weeks gestation) were compared with term deliveries (≥37 weeks gestation) in ART-treated (linked to the ART database) and fertile (no indicators of infertility or ART) deliveries. ART treatments with autologous oocyte, donor oocyte, fresh or frozen embryo transfer (FET), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and no-ICSI were separately compared to the fertile group. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated with multivariable logistic regression: placental abnormalities or PIH were quantified in the pathway as mediators. Results: There were 218,320 deliveries: 204,438 fertile and 13,882 ART-treated. All treatment types increased prematurity (AOR 1.31–1.58, LPTB; AOR 1.34–1.48, EPTB). Placental abnormalities mediated in approximately 22% and 38% of the association with LPTB and EPTB, respectively. PIH mediated 25% and 33% of the association with LPTB and EPTB in FET and donor oocyte cycles, more than other treatments (<10% LPTB and <13% EPTB). Conclusions: ART-treatment and all ART modalities increased LPTB and EPTB when compared with fertile deliveries. Placental abnormalities modestly mediated associations approximately equally, while PIH was a stronger mediator in FET and donor oocyte cycles. Reasons for differences require exploration.
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Polexa, Alexandru, Sebile Guler Cekic, Sule Yildiz, Engin Turkgeldi und Baris Ata. „The Review of Compared Progestins Type and Dose Utility against the Pituitary Suppression during Ovarian Stimulation for Assisted Reproductive Technology“. Acta Medica Transilvanica 25, Nr. 2 (01.06.2020): 45–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amtsb-2020-0029.
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AbstractWe performed a literature review of studies comparing the effectiveness of progestins in preventing premature ovulation during ovarian stimulation for assisted reproductive technology (ART). Five randomized trials and cohort studies involving a total of 2404 women, which compared; i) two different progestins or ii) two different doses of the same progestin were included. The primary outcome was live birth rate (LBR) per woman. Secondary outcomes were live birth or ongoing pregnancy (LB/OP) per woman and per embryo transfer (ET), ongoing pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, positive pregnancy test, numbers of oocytes and metaphase-two oocytes, duration of stimulation and gonadotropin consumption. The primary outcome was not reported in most studies however there were no differences between progestins for secondary outcomes. All progestins seem to effectively prevent premature ovulation in ART cycles. Low-quality evidence suggests that progestins can effectively prevent premature ovulation in ART cycles.