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Kia, Behnam, John F. Lindner und William L. Ditto. „Nonlinear dynamics as an engine of computation“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, Nr. 2088 (06.03.2017): 20160222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0222.
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Control of chaos teaches that control theory can tame the complex, random-like behaviour of chaotic systems. This alliance between control methods and physics—cybernetical physics—opens the door to many applications, including dynamics-based computing. In this article, we introduce nonlinear dynamics and its rich, sometimes chaotic behaviour as an engine of computation. We review our work that has demonstrated how to compute using nonlinear dynamics. Furthermore, we investigate the interrelationship between invariant measures of a dynamical system and its computing power to strengthen the bridge between physics and computation. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Horizons of cybernetical physics’.
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Porubov, Alexey, und Boris Andrievsky. „Control methods for localization of nonlinear waves“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, Nr. 2088 (06.03.2017): 20160212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0212.
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A general form of a distributed feedback control algorithm based on the speed–gradient method is developed. The goal of the control is to achieve nonlinear wave localization. It is shown by example of the sine-Gordon equation that the generation and further stable propagation of a localized wave solution of a single nonlinear partial differential equation may be obtained independently of the initial conditions. The developed algorithm is extended to coupled nonlinear partial differential equations to obtain consistent localized wave solutions at rather arbitrary initial conditions. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Horizons of cybernetical physics’.
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Sieniutycz, Stanislaw, und Anatoly Tsirlin. „Finding limiting possibilities of thermodynamic systems by optimization“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, Nr. 2088 (06.03.2017): 20160219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0219.
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We consider typical problems of the field called the finite time thermodynamics (also called the optimization thermodynamics). We also outline selected formal methods applied to solve these problems and discuss some results obtained. It is shown that by introducing constraints imposed on the intensity of fluxes and on the magnitude of coefficients in kinetic equations, it is possible not only to investigate limiting possibilities of thermodynamic systems within the considered class of irreversible processes, but also to state and solve problems whose formulation has no meaning in the class of reversible processes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Horizons of cybernetical physics’.
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Pao, Lea. „Ways of Cybernetic Thinking“. New Literary History 54, Nr. 2 (März 2023): 1271–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2023.a907173.
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Abstract: Cataloging cybernetic thinking shows how the space between what one might think of as "pure" cybernetic application and the study of cybernetics offers a useful path toward understanding how literary studies can engage with cybernetics as a philosophical and intellectual model. This vertical approach folds metadiscourses into more direct engagements with cybernetic ideas and problems and resists the drive for a conceptually and technically unified theory of cybernetic thinking in favor of a multidimensional approach to literary cybernetics. This essay outlines four ways of thinking that have shaped work in literary studies and cybernetics: 1) the analysis of the historical field of cybernetics, 2) transhistorical approaches to cybernetics, 3) the study of cybernetic concepts, methods, and vocabulary, and 4) a focus on epistemologies of failure.
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Kovaleva, A. „Control of autoresonance in mechanical and physical models“. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, Nr. 2088 (06.03.2017): 20160213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0213.
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Autoresonant energy transfer has been considered as one of the most effective methods of excitation and control of high-energy oscillations for a broad range of physical and engineering systems. Nonlinear time-invariant feedback control provides effective self-tuning and self-adaptation mechanisms targeted at preserving resonance oscillations under variations of the system parameters but its implementation may become extremely complicated. A large class of systems can avoid nonlinear feedback, still producing the required state due to time-variant feed-forward frequency control. This type of control in oscillator arrays employs an intrinsic property of a nonlinear oscillator to vary both its amplitude and the frequency when the driving frequency changes. This paper presents a survey of recently published and new results studying possibilities and limitations of time-variant frequency control in nonlinear oscillator arrays. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Horizons of cybernetical physics’.
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Persianov, V., und A. Kurbatova. „Problematic issues of using the toolkit of economic cybernetics“. Upravlenie 7, Nr. 3 (21.10.2019): 94–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2309-3633-2019-3-94-102.
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Arange of issues, related to the use of cybernetics in economic research, technological development and educational programs for training specialists of management, has been considered. A large contribution of this science to the space exploration, designing counting machines, etc., – has been noticed. At the same time, focusing on management in systems, it did not pay enough attention to many important functions and specifics of socio-economic processes. Cybernetics tried to change some traditional ideas about the possibilities and methods of goal-setting in management of economic processes in the centrally planned Soviet economy, but these attempts were ineffective. More so, cybernetics was unable to affect the spiritual and moral sphere of human life and society, the content and development of such sciences as philosophy, sociology, political economy, etc.It has been shown, that the tendency to revise the fundamental provisions of the Humanities can lead and often leads to false conclusions, believing, that the qualitative differences between the system objects are insignificant. Agreeing, that setting limits to the possibilities of computer modeling in advance is impossible, it must be recognized, that the machines created by cybernetics, remain only an objectification – a “truncated” (incomplete) form of any kind of human activity, including management (purposing, selection of criteria, decision-making, etc.).The goal setting requires at least a normal human intelligence. At the same time, “individual survival” is not the main universal task: in natural selection, the survival of the species is often achieved by the death of a significant part of specimens.The article pays considerable attention to the cybernetic approach to the study of socio-economic processes. It is noted, that the thesis about cybernetically expedient functioning of any social systems (this point of view is shared by some specialists in cybernetics) contradicts common sense. Capitalism would have to be seen as a planned system, alien to the anarchy of production, and in fact as a system, which solves pre-set tasks corresponding to the interests of society. Therefore, according to the authors, the concept of self-governing system in the cybernetic sense is not applicable to a society with a market economy.
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Christy, Lowell F. Jr. „What is Intelligence? The Looming Philosophical Question behind Artificial Intelligence“. Voprosy Filosofii, Nr. 10 (2022): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2022-10-208-212.
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The Looming Problem Behind Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Science is buried deep in how Occidental or Western Civilization has chosen to define its peculiar ideas of Truth (Epistemology) & Ontology (Metaphysics of us / universe). This paper identify how this Scientific Materialism and its physics paradigm has become inadequate and destructive to support living systems. AI is based on the ideas of first-order cybernetics, sufficient in creating “smart thinking appliances”. Second- and third-order cybernetics, requiring intelligence beyond a given context or mission driven task, has given corporate and military users overpowering asymmetric power over Natural & Collective Systems. Philosophy can regain its position as Queen of the Sciences if Cybernetic thinking and philosophical inquiry expands concepts and methods advancing “intelligence” beyond command-and-control consciousness and the limits of Natural Science. A Natural Philosophy about the organization of whole systems would expand the tool chest of thinking beyond its analytic, reductive methodology. Moving from the domain of “Things” to whole, living Cybernetically formed systems crosses the boundary of complexity. This complexity of interlocking relationships, identity, and ways of processing information, not present in today’s guiding Information Technology theory and practice, calls into question the paradigm of Natural Science and its developmental “womb” for artificial intelligence.
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Mayer, R. V. „Some aspects of the development of information-cybernetic thinking in pedagogical university students when studying the basics of cybernetics“. Informatics and education 37, Nr. 3 (22.08.2022): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32517/0234-0453-2022-37-3-65-73.
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The rapid development of various information-cybernetic systems and their introduction into all spheres of human life and activity necessitate a deeper study of the foundations of informatics and cybernetics in schools and pedagogical universities. Conducting an analysis of the features of the formation of information-cybernetic thinking of students of pedagogical universities and the development of training tasks that contribute to a deeper mastery of the basic provisions of cybernetics are key aspects for the teacher. At the same time, the method of analyzing educational and scientific-methodical literature, methods of programming and computer modeling, as well as mathematical methods are used. The main types of educational tasks that contribute to the development of informationcybernetic thinking of students are selected: 1) explanation of the principles of cybernetics and their justification on the example of specific technical systems; 2) explanation of the general principles of functioning of various types of information-cybernetic systems; 3) explanation of the operation of specific automatic control systems (ACS) and their individual components; 4) the invention of “new” control systems with desired properties; 5) creation of technical control systems and experimental study of their work; 6) creation of computer models of control systems and transmission links. Solutions of educational problems involving computer modeling of automatic control systems and various transmission links in the Pascal ABC environment are discussed. The proposed elements of the methodology can be used in any university when teaching students the basics of cybernetics.
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Naumov, I. V. „Predictive models of the dependability of electric power transmission (using the example of AO Tyvaenergo)“. Dependability 23, Nr. 4 (04.12.2023): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2023-23-4-31-38.
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Aim. The paper analysed the damage rate of the electric power networks of AO Tyvaenergosbyt between 2014 and 2022 and preventively evaluates emergency shutdowns in the company’s networks in 2023. The author provides a brief historical reference regarding the company’s foundation, a description of the structure of its power supply network. The damage rate of elements, as well as main electrical equipment of the company’s power supply network were examined. The quantity of electrical power undersupplied to customers as the result of emergency shutdowns was analysed. The number of failures was classified depending on the amount of undersupplied electrical power. The paper studied the applicability of certain methods of prediction of the number of emergency shutdowns for the obtained interpolated series of preceding failures. The most appropriate method was established that was used for preventively evaluating the damage rate of the examined power networks for each month of 2023.Methods. The paper uses methods of mathematical analysis, general scientific methods of research, properties and capabilities of the MATLAB graphic interface and Excel tables. Statistical and cybernetical methods of prediction were considered for the purpose of predictive model development. The probability of failures within the examined power networks was evaluated. Equations were obtained for autoregression failure models that enable predictive evaluation of failure by months.The Results of the study may prove to be useful to the experts of Tyvaenergosbyt, as well as other power grid companies that are developing advanced emergency prevention activities aimed at improving the reliability of power supply.Conclusion. The approach to predictive evaluation of emergency shutdowns proposed in the paper showed that the most efficient method of predicting failures in a company’s power networks is the method of autoregression models using interpolation of data on preceding failures. The probability of prediction fulfilment is 95%.
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Malyukov, Yury A., Alexey O. Nedosekin und Zinaida I. Abdulaeva. „MODELS AND METHODS FOR ASSESSING AND ENSURING SUPER-SYSTEM RESILIENCE“. SOFT MEASUREMENTS AND COMPUTING 8, Nr. 69 (2023): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/2618-9976.2023.08.002.
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The goal of the article is to outline general approaches to analyzing the resilience of supersystems. In technical and economic applications, the resilience of supersystems is analyzed based on fuzzyprobabilistic models, and these supersystems themselves have the characteristics of cybernetic systems in the models. If we apply the same scientific foundation to study organizational control systems within supersystems, we have a unified approach to analyzing the resilience of supersystems of any functional content and structural composition. One of the relevant models for analyzing the resilience of supersystems is the 4x6 matrix, where the enterprise cybernetic system is complemented by cybernetic systems of influences and decisions made based on the outcomes of these influences. The vast diversity of existing approaches to studying individual properties of supersystems (especially their resilience) calls for a comparative analysis of these approaches, their systematization, and determining the boundaries of their applicability. Scientific progress in the analysis of supersystem resilience can only be achieved through: a) continuous expansion of the research scope; b) unification of approaches to research, transitioning to a unified modeling language. We recognize that cybernetics and systems theory loom over our entire working space, dictating the same research standards for both supersystems and their individual properties (such as resilience), as well as the development of a unified system of measures.
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Haliniak, Marek. „Filozoficzne aspekty modelowania cybernetycznego w metodologii działań politycznych w zakresie zrównoważonego rozwoju“. Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae 1, Nr. 1 (31.12.2003): 367–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/seb.2003.1.1.23.
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The article deals with the experience and results of attempts aimed at using cybernetic system methods for modeling the policy of sustainable development. The analysis is made from the ecophilosophical perspective. The cybernetics is presented as the sub-philosophical, general, and inter-disciplinary science with a high level of influence on the process of policy-making and policy-makers. However, the barriers of philosophy and cybernetics in that respect are strictly connected with the limits of philosophy. The question concerns the problem of transferring the ideas into practice by the method of cybernetic modeling. Whereas the conceptual model should reflect the objective reality it should be based on some general, politically accepted ideas. This necessity is obvious because of the link between the basic axioms of a given model with the general results generated by it. The author analyses the possibility of appliance the Sage-Michnowski model as the instrument for planning the sustainable development policy as the interrelated social, economic, and ecological system.
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Tilak, Shantanu, Michael Glassman, Irina Kuznetcova und G. Logan Pelfrey. „Applications of cybernetics to psychological theory: Historical and conceptual explorations“. Theory & Psychology 32, Nr. 2 (28.10.2021): 298–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09593543211053804.
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This article outlines links between cybernetics and psychology through the black box metaphor using a tripartite narrative. The first part explores first-order cybernetic approaches to opening the black box. These developments run parallel to the decline of radical behaviorism and advancements in information processing theory and neuropsychology. We then describe how cybernetics migrates towards a second-order approach (expanding and questioning features of first-order inquiry), understanding applications of rule-based tools to sociocultural phenomena and dynamic mental models, inspiring radical constructivism, and also accepting social constructivism. Psychology, however, enters the cognitive revolution, adhering to the computer metaphor of first-order cyberneticians to streamline human consciousness. The article concludes by outlining how second-order cybernetic approaches emerging in the 1990s may provide cues to psychologists to adopt mixed methods, and bioecological models in the information age, uniting understandings of observable human activity, inner perceptions, and physiological processes across contexts to understand consciousness.
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Kanygina, O. V., und G. Ya Grevtsevа. „CYBERNETIC APPROACH TO FORMING ECONOMIC LITERACY OF STUDENTS OF ARCHITECTURAL SPECIALTIES“. Современная высшая школа инновационный аспект, Nr. 3 (2020): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7442/2071-9620-2020-12-3-139-146.
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In the modern global world, based on market relations and high consumer activity, the most important task is to form the economic literacy of an individual, which allows each person to freely navigate the economic sphere. In the market economy conditions financial and economic literacy have special importance. The concepts of "economic literacy", "cybernetics" are clarified, the importance of the cybernetic approach in the formation of economic literacy of students of architectural specialties is noted. The principles of the integrative approach and cybernetics are highlighted in relation to didactic systems. The effective methods and techniques for the formation of economic literacy of students of architectural specialties are determined.
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KUZNETSOVA, E. V., und D. S. TELEEV. „КИБЕРНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ УЧЕТНО-АНАЛИТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОМ“. Scientific Works of the Free Economic Society of Russia 244, Nr. 6 (2023): 262–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.38197/2072-2060-2023-244-6-262-276.
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The article generates the possibilities of systems theory, cybernetics methods and accounting and analytical tools for organizing a business process management system. The key role of information and the information field is determined, the saturation of which greatly increases the development of the enterprise. The positive and negative aspects of the development of the business process “horizontally” and “vertically” were studied. A cybernetic solution for managing the organization’s business processes has been formulated.
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Salupere, Silvi. „The Cybernetic Layer of Juri Lotman’s Metalanguage“. Recherches sémiotiques 35, Nr. 1 (20.08.2018): 63–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050987ar.
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Most accounts of Juri Lotman’s legacy note his interest in information theory and cybernetics which is closely tied to his desire to use exact methods in the humanities. However, this connection itself has hardly been studied. This article focuses on a pair of terms with cybernetic origins found throughout Lotman’s works : “mechanism” and “ustrojstvo”. I try to show that these terms and the way they are used are not accidental but belong to an important strand in Lotman’s thought. An overview is presented of Lotman’s direct contacts with cybernetics and cyberneticians, and how the terms “ustrojstvo” and “mechanism” found their way into his metalanguage. The main focus is on exploring how Lotman understands this pair of terms. Translation problems related to them are also discussed.
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Bindas, D. V. „Information Warfare Within the Context of Cybernetic Epistemology“. RUDN Journal of Philosophy 24, Nr. 2 (15.12.2020): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2302-2020-24-2-297-302.
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In the present article the author studies and reviews the essential scientific opinions and discourse on the understanding of the term and phenomena of Cybernetics. The article is the author's vision of the concept of cybernetic epistemology based on its progressive methodological features. The main idea of the understanding of the information warfare category as a complex social system (society) in the context of cybernetic epistemology is also developed in the present research. The concept of complexity theory has not yet been applied in the study of ontological characteristics of the "information warfare" phenomenon so far. This kind of analyzing method allows us to highlight the true essential characteristics of "information warfare". There are recursiveness and spontaneous nature among them. This kind of epistemology methods and their possible and proper application in Cybernetics were analyzed and reviewed in the present paper. Such an analyzing confirmed the relevance of this research for the formalization of the world’s complex phenomena. It also determined the possibility of constructive generalization of knowledge and research data. However, this knowledge should be gained in the process of complex formalization of the studied phenomena characteristics (ontology) and the maximum permissible changes and transformation in their conditions and forms.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Codes in the Atomic Weights of Chemical Elements“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (April 2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.32.11.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digital Periodic Table. The digital mechanism of this Table have been analyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory, respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the new technologies in chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology which is based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practical application of the new technology could be useful in chemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, bio-chemistry and other natural sciences
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Codes in the Atomic Weights of Chemical Elements“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (22.04.2014): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-o72fo8.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digital Periodic Table. The digital mechanism of this Table have been analyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory, respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the new technologies in chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology which is based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practical application of the new technology could be useful in chemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, bio-chemistry and other natural sciences
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Rot, Henryk. „Metody cybernetyczne w nauce o państwie i prawie“. Studia Prawnicze / The Legal Studies, Nr. 34 (30.04.2023): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37232/sp.1972.34.1.
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Autor artykułu przedstawia wpływ nauk ścisłych w tym m. in. metod matematycznych na badania zjawisk społecznych, gospodarczych i kulturalnych. Celem Autora jest rozważenie wybranych zagadnień z zakresu kształtującej się w ówczesnych czasach dyscypliny cybernetyki prawniczej, która stanowi nowy etap rozwoju myśli prawników, którzy współpracują z matematykami, inżynierami i technikami nad sformułowaniem zasad, metod i technicznych środków zastosowań cybernetyki w prawie. Autor przeprowadza analizę problemów zastosowań metod, technik i pojęć cybernetyki w dziedzinie badań nad państwem i prawem oraz dyskutuje z tezą o zmieniającym się w krótkim czasie obliczu nauk o państwie i prawie oraz o możliwościach, które płyną z zastosowania innowacyjnych metod. Autor podejmuje także próbę rozważenia spraw z zakresu zastosowań cybernetyki w naukach o prawie i państwie przy przyjęciu płaszczyzny cybernetycznej w rozumieniu metodologicznym. Wskazuje ponadto na duże perspektywy poznawcze, praktyczne i dydaktyczne zastosowania metod, technik i struktury pojęciowej cybernetyki takich jak m.in. zastosowania maszyn matematycznych dla celów podejmowania decyzji zbiorowych. The author of the paper presents the influence of sciences including, among others, mathematical methods on the study of social, economic and cultural phenomena. The aim of the author is to consider selected issues in the then-emerging discipline of legal cybernetics, which represents a new stage in the development of the thought of lawyers who work with mathematicians, engineers and technicians on the formulation of the principles, methods and technical means of applications of cybernetics in law. The author carries out an analysis of the problems of the applications of the methods, techniques and concepts of cybernetics in the field of state and law research and discusses with the thesis of the rapidly changing nature of the theory of state and law and the opportunities arising from the application of innovative methods. The author also attempts to consider matters in the field of applications of cybernetics in the theory of law and state when adopting the cybernetic perspective in the methodological sense. In addition, he indicates the great cognitive, practical and didactic perspectives of the application of the methods, techniques and conceptual structure of cybernetics such as, among others, the use of mathematical machines for collective decision-making.
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Medvedev, A. V. „Nonparametric methods in cybernetics“. Russian Physics Journal 38, Nr. 9 (September 1995): 907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00559407.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Table of Solar System“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (März 2014): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.30.202.
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This paper discusses cyberinformation studies of the Solar System, in particular the identification of scientific terminology that could describe this phenomenon, that is, the study of Solar System, as well as the relationship between the astronomical language of Solar System and theoretical aspect of this system and cybernetics. The result of this research show that there is a matrix code for Solar System. It also shows that the coding system within the planetary language gives detailed information, not only on the planetary “record“, but also on its structure, configuration and its various shapes. The issue of the existence of a planetary code and coding of the individual structural planets of this system are discussed. Is the planetary information characterized only by physical, or also by cyberinformation principles? The potential effects of physical and Orbital characteristics, as well as cybernetic and information principles, on the atronomical basis of Solar System are also investigated. This paper discusses new methods for developing astronomy technologies, in particular more advanced digital technology based on programming, cybernetics, and informational laws and systems, and how this new technology could be useful in astronomy, bioinformatics and other natural sciences.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Table of Solar System“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 30 (12.03.2014): 202–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-edd707.
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This paper discusses cyberinformation studies of the Solar System, in particular the identification of scientific terminology that could describe this phenomenon, that is, the study of Solar System, as well as the relationship between the astronomical language of Solar System and theoretical aspect of this system and cybernetics. The result of this research show that there is a matrix code for Solar System. It also shows that the coding system within the planetary language gives detailed information, not only on the planetary “record“, but also on its structure, configuration and its various shapes. The issue of the existence of a planetary code and coding of the individual structural planets of this system are discussed. Is the planetary information characterized only by physical, or also by cyberinformation principles The potential effects of physical and Orbital characteristics, as well as cybernetic and information principles, on the atronomical basis of Solar System are also investigated. This paper discusses new methods for developing astronomy technologies, in particular more advanced digital technology based on programming, cybernetics, and informational laws and systems, and how this new technology could be useful in astronomy, bioinformatics and other natural sciences.
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Partyko, Zinovij, und Ihor Ohirko. „THEORY OF MESSAGES AND THEIR TYPOLOGY“. Bulletin of Lviv Polytechnic National University: journalism 1, Nr. 7 (2024): 101–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/sjs2024.01.101.
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The general scientific, interdisciplinary problem of building the concept of message theory is solved. Accordingly, the object of research is all possible types of messages that function in the real world both within any cybernetic systems and between them. The subject of research is axioms, laws, structure, attributes, characteristics, typology, as well as operations on messages. The purpose of the article is to develop the concept of the theory of messages as a component of such universal sciences as the theory of mass communication, information science and cybernetics. Analysis, synthesis, idealization, logical method, and generalization were used among research methods. In addition to methods, the research also used techniques such as systematization and typology (typologization). The article is written in the style of a review, theoretical genre. The literature review analyzed 22 sources, including the world's most famous encyclopedic editions and dictionaries in the fields of journalism, mass communication theory, and cybernetics. In the obtained results, it is determined that a message is a fragment (a part that has a beginning and an end) of data of a cybernetic system, which (a) is a tuple, (b) is located in time or space, and (c) is intended to transmit information from the sender (source ) to its recipient (recipient). Features of creation, meaning and meaning of messages are determined. The structure of messages and types of their context are considered. It is noted that any kind of messages can be represented in an idealized digital form as a chain of 0 and 1. Six axioms are considered as the basis of the concept of message theory. Within this concept, six laws are distinguished. Five attributes of messages, as well as seven of their main characteristics, are considered. Among the types of messages, informative (9 types) and non-informative (also 9 types) are highlighted. In addition, formal (non-meaningful, 13 items) and informal (meaningful, 9 items) operations performed on messages are indicated.
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Górny, Maciej Henryk. „Cybernetics approach to social norms, motivations and information flow in the society — selected issues“. Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa 14, Nr. 14 (28.08.2023): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.7821.
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This paper is the second one (after “Informing, pseudo-informing, disinforming — problems and methods”) in the series of papers on information policy. Effectiveness of actions taken within the framework of information policy depends largely on understanding of the essence of information and information process. Theories of information may be helpful in achieving this understanding. Most important theories of information are here: Marian Mazur’s qualitative theory of information (which was discussed in the previous article in the series) and Claude Elwood Shannon’s mathematical theory of communication (which will be discussed in this paper). Theories of information are part of cybernetics — i.e. science of control (control means exerting a deliberate influence on specific phenomena). Understanding of the properties of objects that one wants to control is of fundamental importance to the effectiveness of any control action — this is the reason, why Józef Kossecki’s cybernetic theory of social norms and motivations is discussed in this article.
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Fradkov, Aleksandr L. „Application of cybernetic methods in physics“. Physics-Uspekhi 48, Nr. 2 (28.02.2005): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/pu2005v048n02abeh002047.
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Fradkov, Aleksandr L. „Application of cybernetic methods in physics“. Uspekhi Fizicheskih Nauk 175, Nr. 2 (2005): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.0175.200502a.0113.
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MĘCZYKOWSKI, Dariusz. „CYBERNETIC MODELING OF TEACHER – STUDENT COMMUNICATION“. National Security Studies 14, Nr. 2 (19.12.2018): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37055/sbn/132124.
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The research focuses on social system and general regularities (relations), typical and repetitive in them (among human beings as an exemplification of elementary objects). The main goal of the author is to indicate the possibility of modeling and optimizing the relationships (communication) teacher-student – or relationship coach-player – using the cybernetics research workshop. This epistemological-methodological convention results from the fact that system-cybernetic methods allow to describe and explain the phenomena under consideration in a different light, give them a new, wider meaning, draw conclusions that would often be impossible to derivefrom other sciences. Moreover, their utilitarian significance is expressed in the accuracyof formulating answers to the questions posed by practitioners. A significant result of the research process is also the determination of the conditions of sufficient and necessary efficiency and the effectiveness of communication between the objects indicated. They constitute general, typical and repeatable regularities. Therefore, ignoring them can only cause conflicts and social rebellions. In order to prevent them and maximize the effects of any training (information and energy), you must undoubtedly educate teachers and trainers in the field of sociocybernetics and psychocybernetics. The elements signaling and initiating such a process are contained in this text.
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Veselý, V., und D. Vozák. „ROBUST CONTROL METHODS IN THE MASTER PROGRAMME CYBERNETICS*“. IFAC Proceedings Volumes 45, Nr. 11 (2012): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120619-3-ru-2024.00017.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Language of Atomic Weights of the Chemical Elements“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (April 2014): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.32.42.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digital Periodic Table – periods 4 and 5. A period 4 element is one of the chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. The fourth period contains 18 elements, beginning with potassium and ending with krypton. As a rule, period 4 elements fill their 4s shells first, then their 3d and 4p shells, in that order, however there are exceptions, such as chromium. A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. The fifth period contains 18 elements, beginning with rubidium and ending with xenon. As a rule, period 5 elements fill their 5s shells first, then their 4d, and 5p shells, in that order, however there are exceptions, such as rhodium. The digital mechanism of those periods have been analyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory, respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the new technologies in chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology which is based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practical application of the new technology could be useful in chemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, bio-chemistry and other natural sciences.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Language of Atomic Weights of the Chemical Elements“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (22.04.2014): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-7jw3e3.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digital Periodic Table – periods 4 and 5. A period 4 element is one of the chemical elements in the fourth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. The fourth period contains 18 elements, beginning with potassium and ending with krypton. As a rule, period 4 elements fill their 4s shells first, then their 3d and 4p shells, in that order, however there are exceptions, such as chromium. A period 5 element is one of the chemical elements in the fifth row (or period) of the periodic table of the elements. The fifth period contains 18 elements, beginning with rubidium and ending with xenon. As a rule, period 5 elements fill their 5s shells first, then their 4d, and 5p shells, in that order, however there are exceptions, such as rhodium. The digital mechanism of those periods have been analyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory, respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the new technologies in chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology which is based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practical application of the new technology could be useful in chemistry, bioinformatics, genetics, bio-chemistry and other natural sciences.
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Gethmann, Daniel. „Integrated planning and the design of urban agglomeration: Bernhard Hafner's Comparative Simulation of Alternative Urban Prototypes“. Architectural Research Quarterly 21, Nr. 1 (März 2017): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s135913551700015x.
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Cybernetic simulation programs that renewed the development process of urban agglomerations began to emerge as part of a paradigm shift that took place in the 1960s. During this period, changes in urban planning evolved in the context of cybernetically-informed research methods, in which architects and systems scientists focused on the environmental control of social and cultural planning processes. As such, the urban fabric became an object of planning and regulation. These events in turn generated the need for ‘big data’ processing in architecture. Consequently, the reconfiguration of urban architectural fabric emerged as a topic of scientific operation.In this context, in 1967, the Architecture Machine Group developed ‘Urban 5’, a planning program for urban participation based on man-machine dialogue. In the late 1960s, systems scientist Jay Wright Forrester also developed ‘Urban Dynamics’, a computer simulation exploring the interdependence of urban population, housing, and industry in the urban fabric. It was in this same 1967 environment that the Austrian architect Bernhard Hafner began to work autonomously, and without any personal relation to the other two projects, on a program for the ‘Comparative Simulation of Alternative Urban Prototypes’, based on the assumption that the design of urban forms had to be accompanied by the simulation of fields of urban dispersion.
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Telmoudi, Achraf Jabeur, Enrique Herrera Viedma, Maria Pia Fanti und Abderrahmen Zaafouri. „Interdisciplinary Methods and Approaches for Cybernetics and Systems Modeling“. Cybernetics and Systems 53, Nr. 1 (16.12.2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01969722.2021.2008677.
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Efremova, Irina A., Aleksandr B. Smuskin, Aleksandr G. Donchenko und Pavel A. Matushkin. „Cyberspace as a New Crime Environment“. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, Nr. 472 (2021): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/15617793/472/29.
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The aim of the study is to analyze the cybernetic space as a new environment of crime and to develop a definition apparatus based on it. The material of the study was: international acts, the current legislation of the Russian Federation, scientific literature. The methodology is based on the dialectical method of cognition. In addition, the authors used general (analysis and synthesis, logical, system-structural methods) and specific (formal-legal) scientific methods of cognition. The authors note that, in the Russian legal literature, there is no single position regarding the definition of the cybernetic space and the unambiguity of its interpretation. Various approaches to the definition of the term “cybernetic space” are considered. Another vision of the term is presented. The authors state that the “virtual reality” and the cybernetic space are distanced; the cybernetic space is a multidimensional category that has philosophical, social, psychological, criminalistic, criminal-legal, criminological, and other dimensions. The features of the cybernetic space (digitalization, virtualization of reality, interactivity, hyperlink and distribution function) are revealed. The authors analyze the material, informational, social, and psychological aspects of the cybernetic space, as well as the concept of cyberspace in criminalistics; identify the tasks of criminalistics at the present stage of the cybernetic space's formation and development; formulate the definition of the cybercrime; determine the correlation of cyberspace with other related categories. The authors conclude that the cybernetic space is a generalized name for a system of software tools and documentary files arranged in accordance with certain protocols of automated information processing, located in the memory of electronic digital devices or electronic digital information in the process of transmission in any available way, or information distributed in a computer system or network. The lack of a legal regulation of the cybernetic space entails cybercrimes - crimes, infringing on various social relations protected by the current criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, committed in the cybernetic space through computer, electronic, multimedia input devices.
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Bobovkin, Stanislav M., Ol’ga A. Didenko und Rosa V. Bondarenko. „Specifics of the Application of Cybernetic Methods in Forensic Handwriting Examination“. Rossijskoe pravosudie, Nr. 1 (15.12.2022): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37399/issn2072-909x.2023.1.57-66.
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This article discusses the possibilities of applying cybernetic methods in the production of forensic handwriting examinations at the present stage. The authors describe the history, current state and development trends of this direction of mathematical modeling. Analyzes the practical experience of Western and African criminologists in this area of special knowledge application. The peculiarities of the application of methods that are most widely used in Eastern, Western Europe and Africa are described: GLOBALGRAF, CEDAR-FOX, Cybid Graphlog, FLASH ID, WANDA. The key functions and algorithms of the mentioned computer complexes and programs, certain advantages and disadvantages in relation to the traditional qualitative-descriptive method of identification forensic handwriting examination are disclosed. On the basis of the results formed the conclusion about the auxiliary value of cybernetic methods (techniques) and the need for their use in addition to the existing methodological tools through the application of a comprehensive methodology. This format will allow handwriting experts to determine some additional features of handwriting, to automate part of the stages and stages of expert examination, will contribute to its comprehensiveness and objectivization, as well as increase the scientific validity and reliability of the conclusions obtained.
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Rudenko, V. V. „System approach to subsoil management using intelligent cybernetic methods“. Mining Informational and analytical bulletin 11 (2019): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2019-11-0-106-118.
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Tan, X., X. Jing, R. Chen, Z. Ming, L. He, Y. Sun, X. Sun und L. Yan. „CYBERNETIC BASIS AND SYSTEM PRACTICE OF REMOTE SENSING AND SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE“. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W7 (12.09.2017): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w7-143-2017.
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Cybernetics provides a new set of ideas and methods for the study of modern science, and it has been fully applied in many areas. However, few people have introduced cybernetics into the field of remote sensing. The paper is based on the imaging process of remote sensing system, introducing cybernetics into the field of remote sensing, establishing a space-time closed-loop control theory for the actual operation of remote sensing. The paper made the process of spatial information coherently, and improved the comprehensive efficiency of the space information from acquisition, procession, transformation to application. We not only describes the application of cybernetics in remote sensing platform control, sensor control, data processing control, but also in whole system of remote sensing imaging process control. We achieve the information of output back to the input to control the efficient operation of the entire system. This breakthrough combination of cybernetics science and remote sensing science will improve remote sensing science to a higher level.
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Volchenkov, Evgeny. „Interpretation problems: general mechanism and fundamental limitations of classical methods“. Kybernetes 44, Nr. 5 (05.05.2015): 692–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-02-2014-0038.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investige the general computing mechanisms of solving the system information problems of interpretation and its fundamental limitations, due to physical basis Turing machine. Design/methodology/approach – For creation of theoretical base of methodology, the authors make an attempt to demonstrate the possibility of a constructive building of Turing machine as meta-ontological basis of computing. In the course of this building the role of the operator of atomic implicative transition if-then as generic operator of recognition/decision-making is shown. In order to substantiate the thesis about the determinative role of implicative transition in the interpretation mechanisms, the authors will carry out the comparative analysis methods of interpretation in systems of pattern recognition and expert systems interpretation type. Findings – The carried-out analysis allows to formulate a common mechanism underlying the classical methods of solving problems of interpretation and to concretize the fundamental limitations of these methods, caused computational basis of their actualization. The cybernetic interpretation of this mechanism is offered. Originality/value – The fundamental limitations of classical methods of solving problems of interpretation sets the boundaries of the cybernetic approach and allows to outline a way out beyond it. In this context, the authors put forward knowledge-based mechanism of perceptual modeling of dynamics of system visual environment – autonomous agent.
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Ryland, Megan, und Tom Scholte. „Rehearsing resilience(and beyond)“. Kybernetes 48, Nr. 4 (01.04.2019): 740–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2017-0459.
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Purpose This paper aims to demonstrate the value of forum theatre as a means to promote second-order awareness of workplace conflict and to further pragmatise cyber-systemic awareness to a wider public. Design/methodology/approach A blended methodology rooted in grounded theory and action research is used to assess the individual learning of participants in a forum theatre intensive studying workplace conflict. The results are then briefly theorised through the lens of second-order cybernetics. Findings Data indicate significant growth in self, other and context awareness among participants. All three of these competencies can reasonably be considered components of second-order observation. Research limitations/implications The sample size thus far is, because of the time and resource constraints of the project, quite small, but the results strongly suggest a “proof of concept” that invites further study. Practical implications Institutions of various types that experience workplace conflict may be inspired to use similar methods. Cyberneticians and system scientists may also wish to avail themselves of these methods to communicate fundamental cyber-systemic concepts to a wider public. Social implications Buoyed by an empirical demonstration of its effectiveness in facilitating greater self-reflection and alternative action in situations of conflict, a wider uptake of forum theatre technique (and the cyber-systemic concepts entailed), can make a significant contribution to the resolution/dissolution of a variety of conflicts across society. Originality/value This is the only empirical investigation of the outcomes of forum theatre known to the authors. It is certainly unique in its second-order cybernetic framework.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Nuclear Shell Model“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (April 2014): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.32.160.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digitalnuclear shell model. The shell model is partly analogous to the atomic shell model which describes thearrangement of electrons in an atom, in that a filled shell results in greater stability. Whenadding nucleons to a nucleus, there are certain points where the binding energy of the next nucleon issignificantly less than the last one. Magic numbers of nucleons: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126 which aremore tightly bound than the next higher number, is the origin of the shell model. “In a threedimensionalharmonic oscillator the total degeneracy at level n is (n+1)(n+2)/2. Due to the spin, thedegeneracy is doubled and is (n+1)(n+2). Thus the magic numbers would be ∑kn=0(n+1)(n+2)=(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)/3 for all integer k. This gives the following magic numbers:2,8,20,40,70,112..., which agree with experiment only in the first three entries. These numbers aretwice the tetrahedral numbers (1,4,10,20,35,56...) from the Pascal Triangle”.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_shell_model. The digital mechanism of shell model have beenanalyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory,respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the newtechnologies in nuclear physics and chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology whichis based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practicalapplication of the new technology could be useful in physics, chemistry, bioinformatics, and othernatural sciences.
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Kurić, Lutvo. „Digital Nuclear Shell Model“. International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 32 (22.04.2014): 160–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-nzp6at.
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The subject of this thesis is a digital approach to the investigation of the digital basis of digitalnuclear shell model. The shell model is partly analogous to the atomic shell model which describes thearrangement of electrons in an atom, in that a filled shell results in greater stability. Whenadding nucleons to a nucleus, there are certain points where the binding energy of the next nucleon issignificantly less than the last one. Magic numbers of nucleons: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126 which aremore tightly bound than the next higher number, is the origin of the shell model. “In a threedimensionalharmonic oscillator the total degeneracy at level n is (n+1)(n+2)/2. Due to the spin, thedegeneracy is doubled and is (n+1)(n+2). Thus the magic numbers would be ∑kn=0(n+1)(n+2)=(k+1)(k+2)(k+3)/3 for all integer k. This gives the following magic numbers:2,8,20,40,70,112..., which agree with experiment only in the first three entries. These numbers aretwice the tetrahedral numbers (1,4,10,20,35,56...) from the Pascal Triangle”.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_shell_model. The digital mechanism of shell model have beenanalyzed by the application of cybernetic methods, information theory and system theory,respectively. This paper is to report that we discovered new methods for development of the newtechnologies in nuclear physics and chemistry. It is about the most advanced digital technology whichis based on program, cybernetics and informational systems and laws. The results in practicalapplication of the new technology could be useful in physics, chemistry, bioinformatics, and othernatural sciences.
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Górny, Maciej Henryk. „Cybernetyczne spojrzenie na prawo – przyczynek do historii cybernetyki prawniczej“. Czasopismo Prawno-Historyczne 69, Nr. 2 (04.10.2018): 225–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cph.2017.2.12.
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Cybernetics is a science devoted to control while law is one of the methods of social control. Cyberneticists’ interest in law as well as the interest in cybernetics exhibited by lawyers are both natural. The article describes the history of the development of human thought which finally led to the creation of cybernetics. The paper reaches as far back in time as Ancient Greece where the notions of power and governing were researched scientificallyand discussed publically. Conversely, the ancient countries of the Middle East treated the issues of power as magic and they were considered arcane knowledge. Furthermore, the article mentions the cybernetics concepts which Trentowski expressed in his treaty from 1843. Next, it contains a description of Wiener’s views on law. Wiener is considered to be the creator of cybernetics as a separate branch of science. Also the reasons behind fightingcybernetics in the USSR were discussed as well as why it was promoted there afterwards. Moreover, publications on the subject of law and cybernetics by three Polish legal theorists (Studnicki, Kisza and Malinowski) were presented. The most important achievements and the main assumptions of the Polish school of cybernetics were delineated. It was first created by Marian Mazur and then further developed by Józef Kossecki. Also the views of some of the Polish cyberneticists on the subject of law were portrayed. The use of cybernetics by Polish forensic scientists was mentioned, especially by Mirosław Owoc. There is also included a reference to the most recent publications on the subject matter of law and cybernetics. Suitable juxtapositions, comparisons and summaries were made. Even though the articleconcentrates on an antiquarian approach instead of a substantive one, it more than once emphasizes the advantages and disadvantages of each idea.
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Tslaf, Victor. „Regarding the concept of social and humanitarian cybernetics“. Semiotic studies 1, Nr. 4 (01.04.2022): 6–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2782-2966-2021-1-4-6-21.
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The main attributes of natural, humanitarian, social and technical sciences are described in the article. The peculiarity of cybernetics is its duality: on the one hand, it is a natural science that studies information processes, statics and dynamics of control systems; on the other hand, it is a technical science, the task of which is to epistemically ensure the development of algorithms and technical means for analyzing, forecasting and managing processes in technical and socio-activity systems. The synthesis of cybernetics as a natural science with the humanities and social sciences is necessary in cases where it is necessary to form a mechanism for effective management of socio-activity systems based on data obtained by methods of socio-humanities, taking into account the requirements of cybernetics for management systems, to optimize management, to provide socio-activity systems with the properties of self-organization and learning. Theoretically, such a synthesis is necessary for the development of a general management theory of socio-activity systems and the theoretical management foundations of socio-cultural society modernization, which is considered to be one of the most actual tasks of our time. Socio-humanitarian cybernetics at this stage of its development is formed as a set of concrete examples of the cybernetics synthesis with the humanities and social sciences. The formation of socio-humanitarian cybernetics as a separate science with all its attributes: specific ontological and methodological base, library of developed models, archive of factual data, specific language for describing all scientific elements, unique problematic area, standard methods libraries for solving problems, logically completed theory and a set of hypotheses for the purpose of the theory further development in the future.
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Scholte, Tom. „A proposal for the role of the arts in a new phase of second-order cybernetics“. Kybernetes 49, Nr. 8 (02.05.2020): 2153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-03-2019-0172.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to suggest a more central role for reflexive artistic practices in a clarified research agenda for second-order cybernetics (SOC). This is offered as a way to assist the field in the further development of its theoretical/methodological “core” and, subsequently, enhance its impact on the world. Design/methodology/approach The argument begins by reviewing Karl Müller’s account of the failure of SOC to emerge as a mainstream endeavor. Then, Müller’s account is recontextualized within recent developments in SOC that are traced through the Design Cybernetics movement inspired by Ranulph Glanville. This alternate narrative frames a supposedly moribund period as a phase of continuing refinement of the field’s focus upon its “proper object of study,” namely, the observer’s mentation of/about their mentation. The implications of this renewed focus are then positioned within Larry Richard’s vision of the cybernetician, not as “scientist” per se but rather as a “craftsperson in and with time” capable of productively varying the dynamics of their daily interactions. Having centered widespread capacity building for this “craft” as a proposed research agenda for a new phase of SOC, the paper concludes by pointing to the unique and necessary role to be played by the arts in this endeavor. Personal reflections upon the author’s own artistic and theoretical activities are included throughout. Findings The development and application of artistic methods for the enhancement of individual capacity for second-order observation is consistent with the purpose of SOC, namely, “to explain the observer to himself.” Therefore, it is in the field’s interest to more fulsomely embrace non-scientific, arts-based forms of research. Research limitations/implications In a truly reflexive/recursive fashion, the very idea that first-person, arts-based narratives are seen, from a mainstream scientific point of view, as an insufficiently rigorous form of research is, itself, a research limitation. This highlights, perhaps ironically, the need for cybernetics to continue to pursue its own independent definitions and standards of research beyond the boundaries of mainstream science rather than limiting its own modes of inquiry in the name of “scientific legitimacy.” Practical implications A general uptake of the view presented here would expand the horizon of what might be considered legitimate, rigorous and valuable research in the field. Social implications The view presented here implies that many valuable contributions that SOC can make to society take place beyond the constraints of academic publication and within the realm of personal growth and social development. Originality/value The very clearly defined and “refocused” vision of SOC in this paper can be of substantial utility in developing a more robust, distinctive and concrete research agenda across this field.
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Osejo-Bucheli, Camilo. „The viability of cooperative societies from the anarchist- cybernetics perspective: a systematic review of the field and research opportunities“. Ingenieria Solidaria 19, Nr. 3 (15.09.2023): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.16925/2357-6014.2023.03.04.
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Introduction: This article is part of an ongoing research project that started in 2022 and investigates the viability of cooperative associations from an anarchist-cybernetics perspective at the Universidad del Valle, Department of Administrative Sciences. Problem: Management Cybernetics and anarchism are fields with significant coincidences regarding organisational theory. From the point of view of anarchism, voluntary organisation is a form of exercising individualfreedom, while in cybernetics, autonomy is the desirable state of organisation. Objective: The article aims to identify the current state of academic development in the field of anarchist-cybenetics, specifically around the concepts of “autogestión”, “self-management” and “self-control”. Methodology: The article proposes a systematic literature review of the last 10 years in nine academic datbases. Results: The field presents research on radical political groups but lacks research on voluntary organisations such as cooperatives. The predominant research methods used are qualitative for empirical research, and non-empirical research is relevant in this field. Latin America and the developing economies are interesting fields for future development. Case studies and the historical method are relevant for the study of anarchy, and Beer ́s VSM is the most used tool for cybernetics in this field. Conclusion: The field appears to be of great interest for various multi-decade old journals. Originality: This is one of the few research projects to link the organisational side of anarchism and management cybernetics. Anarchist-cybernetics is a novel subject after almost 60 years of not having any academic publications. Limitations: As a novel subject, not many publications fit the requirements for the review.
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Pushnykh, V. A. „Organizational Cybernetics Lessons for Russian Universities“. University Management: Practice and Analysis 27, Nr. 3 (14.11.2023): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/umpa.2023.03.029.
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The modern environment of the Russian universities could be defined as very turbulent and challenging. So, choosing a correct strategy of behavior in this environment, as well as creating the corresponding internal atmosphere, is very important for universities in these conditions. Organizational cybernetics, or VSM (Valuable System Model), pioneered by S. Beer, is one of the instruments to analyze the organization’s effectiveness and to search for the ways of increasing effectiveness. Connecting the general cybernetic principles with the achievements of the neurophysiology, S. Beer proposed a management model, wherein the organization is seen like a brain-ruled human organism. The model includes five interconnected systems of different levels. It has been successfully applied for analyzing the effectiveness of various economic systems – from the whole state to small business enterprises. This paper demonstrates the first attempt of applying VSM for studying the Russian universities’ performance. There are distinguished the peculiarities of each of the five Beer’s systems within the university as compared to the similar systems in business organizations, each system operation at the university being analyzed. The author demonstrates the typical mistakes of the system operation and gives some advices on these mistakes elimination. The main conclusions drawn are as follows: 1) the methods of management prevailing at business organization can find rather limited application at the universities; 2) Russian universities are lacking strategic goals formulated by superior system; 3) another need of the universities is creation of organizational culture based on trust and respect. Finally, there are given some practical recommendations on advancing the Russian universities.
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Aboulmouna, Lina, Sana Khanum, Mohsen Heidari, Rubesh Raja, Shakti Gupta, Mano R. Maurya, Ananth Grama, Shankar Subramaniam und Doraiswami Ramkrishna. „Mathematical Modeling of Eicosanoid Metabolism in Macrophage Cells: Cybernetic Framework Combined with Novel Information-Theoretic Approaches“. Processes 11, Nr. 3 (15.03.2023): 874. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11030874.
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Cellular response to inflammatory stimuli leads to the production of eicosanoids—prostanoids (PRs) and leukotrienes (LTs)—and signaling molecules—cytokines and chemokines—by macrophages. Quantitative modeling of the inflammatory response is challenging owing to a lack of knowledge of the complex regulatory processes involved. Cybernetic models address these challenges by utilizing a well-defined cybernetic goal and optimizing a coarse-grained model toward this goal. We developed a cybernetic model to study arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, which included two branches, PRs and LTs. We utilized a priori biological knowledge to define the branch-specific cybernetic goals for PR and LT branches as the maximization of TNFα and CCL2, respectively. We estimated the model parameters by fitting data from three experimental conditions. With these parameters, we were able to capture a novel fourth independent experimental condition as part of the model validation. The cybernetic model enhanced our understanding of enzyme dynamics by predicting their profiles. The success of the model implies that the cell regulates the synthesis and activity of the associated enzymes, through cybernetic control variables, to accomplish the chosen biological goal. The results indicated that the dominant metabolites are PGD2 (a PR) and LTB4 (an LT), aligning with their corresponding known prominent biological roles during inflammation. Using heuristic arguments, we also infer that eicosanoid overproduction can lead to increased secretion of cytokines/chemokines. This novel model integrates mechanistic knowledge, known biological understanding of signaling pathways, and data-driven methods to study the dynamics of eicosanoid metabolism.
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Морозов, В. А. „Combination of methods of financial theory and management“. Audit and Financial Analysis, Nr. 3 (15.09.2021): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2021.67.14.018.
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В статье представлен методологический взгляд на управление современными финансами. Раскрыты три аспекта формирования, развития и совершенствования финансов в лице теории систем, кибернетики и теории информации. Исследовано сочетание современных и традиционных методов управления и их возможности. В диалектической обзоре раскрыто сочетание методов финансовой теории и финансового управления. Изучены в «трех измерениях» основные факторы, влияющие на исследование финансовых методов. Предложены методологические ориентиры изучения и развития современного финансового управления. The article presents a methodological view on the management of modern finance. Three aspects of the formation, development and improvement of finance in the face of systems theory, cybernetics and information theory are revealed. The combination of modern and traditional management methods and their capabilities are investigated. The dialectical review reveals a combination of methods of financial theory and financial management. The main factors influencing the study of financial methods have been studied in "three dimensions". Methodological guidelines for the study and development of modern financial management are proposed.
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Kovalenko, O. Ye. „Ontological model of the cybernetic organizational system architecture“. Mathematical machines and systems 3 (2022): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2022-3-137-147.
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Targeted activity in all spheres of modern society is carried out within the framework of organ-izational systems of various types and for various purposes using situational management methods. Cybernetic organizational systems are represented as ordered sets of interacting com-ponents (artifacts, system components), united by the performance of a specified function based on information exchange. The ontological approach to the design of any class of complex sys-tems makes it possible to carry out a clear and hierarchical decomposition of the design pro-cesses of any system of a given purpose into certain design actions, many of which can be per-formed concurrently and each of which – in the context of a local component system. The mod-el of the subject area of knowledge is determined by the architectural model of the cybernetic organizational system and its context of interaction with the environment. The architecture of the cybernetic organizational system ensures the implementation of the process of situational management as a composition of motivations, knowledge, opportunities, resources, and limita-tions. The idea of a target cybernetic organizational system is presented in the form of a list of needs and models on the basis of the analysis of which requirements are formalized in accord-ance with needs. The construction of the architecture of the cybernetic organizational system is specified by the formalized system requirements from the knowledge base of the cybernetic or-ganizational system and confirmed by the results of the analysis based on system models and test operational tasks. Relationships between artifacts form an architectural model of the system which combines activity regulations, activity structure, activity directions, technological stand-ards, structures, and solutions. The proposed ontological model of knowledge of the architecture of the cybernetic organizational system combines technological, organizational and project concepts.
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Vahidi, Amin, Alireza Aliahmadi und Ebrahim Teimoury. „Researches status and trends of management cybernetics and viable system model“. Kybernetes 48, Nr. 5 (07.05.2019): 1011–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-11-2017-0433.
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Purpose This paper reviews the underpinning principles and scientific trends of cybernetics and the viable system model (VSM). Therefore, this paper aims to guide authors and managers active in management cybernetics and to inform them about the past, current and future trends in this discipline. Design/methodology/approach This paper adopts both qualitative and quantitative methods. First, a descriptive and qualitative approach is used to review and analyze management cybernetics historical trends. Then, a frequency analysis (quantitative) is conducted on the 1,000 first publications in the field. Findings The cybernetics was emerged in the Josiah Macy conference in 1946. Then, Wiener introduced the field of cybernetics and Ashby, Von Foerster and McCulloch developed this concept as a discipline. The Management cybernetics field that was introduced by Beer is a combination of system, control and management sciences. Beer presented VSM as an operational model in this area. Analyzing the 1,000 top-ranked publications shows that the introduction of this field reached maturity and further development became relatively mature. Moreover, based on the analyzed trends, VSM model application can now be strongly attractive. In this paper, the main journals, authors and research trends are analyzed. The main application area of this model is in the IT field and large-scale organizations. Practical implications The present paper’s implication for practitioners and researchers is guiding authors and managers to most appropriate studies in the field, so that they can produce and use the most efficient studies in this field. Social implications The fields of IT, Policy-Making, Production, Social Issues, Service industry, Software developers, etc., are some of this paper’s implications for industry and society. Originality/value In this paper, the steps of VSM development are investigated. Then, recent trends (classifications, authors, journals and topics analysis) are surveyed by analyzing the top 1,000 publications in this field. This paper would help researchers find more appropriate research fields. In addition, it helps practitioners find the optimum solutions based on management cybernetics for their problems among vast numbers of publications.
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Jin, Xia Jie, und Cai Xing Lin. „Research on the Whole Process Cost Control Methods of the Chemical Piping Engineering“. Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 4286–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.4286.
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Piping engineering, which involves a plenty of materials and has a large-scale construction work quantity, is an important part of chemical engineering, and how to make a good cost control of it is very important for the success of chemical project. Based on the Cybernetics and Systems science, this paper has established a whole process covered cost control model and proposed the control system for the piping engineering, and the related control strategies have been also proposed on this basis. Finally, combined with some cases, this paper analyzed the application of the whole process covered cost control methods in the chemical piping engineering.