Zeitschriftenartikel: „Cumulative extraction“

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Prathosh, A. P., P. Sujith, A. G. Ramakrishnan und Prasanta Kumar Ghosh. „Cumulative Impulse Strength for Epoch Extraction“. IEEE Signal Processing Letters 23, Nr. 4 (April 2016): 424–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lsp.2016.2519500.

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Bordoloi, Monali, Preetam Chayan Chatterjee, Saroj Kumar Biswas und Biswajit Purkayastha. „Keyword extraction using supervised cumulative TextRank“. Multimedia Tools and Applications 79, Nr. 41-42 (21.08.2020): 31467–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-020-09335-1.

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Chen, Li Ping, Xiang Zeng Kong, Pan Xiong, Jing Zeng, Xin Qi Lin, Zhi Zheng und Xiao Shan Zhan. „The Application of Cumulative Sum Feature Extraction Algorithm in Data Stream Anomaly Analysis before Earthquake“. Advanced Materials Research 765-767 (September 2013): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.765-767.524.

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A cumulative sum feature extraction algorithm for anomaly analysis before earthquake is proposed by using the cumulative sum feature extraction algorithm. The analysis results reveal that the anomalous variations exist prior to the earthquakes. The methods studied in this work include cumulative sum, smooth using the Technology of Locally weighted smoothing and compute feature points. These methods have been applied to analyze the anomaly from OLR data that correspond to seismic precursors, particularly to a comparative study of the two earthquakes of Wenchuan in China and one earthquake in eastern Japan.

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Li, Ai Jun, und Yin Xue Cao. „Thermodynamic Input-Output Analysis of Energy Utilization in Hubei Province“. Advanced Materials Research 516-517 (Mai 2012): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.516-517.74.

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This paper develops a thermodynamic input-output analysis of industrial economy for Hubei Province, which accounts for the ﬂow of cumulative exergy consumption of primary energy. Firstly, the basic situation of energy utilization in 2007 Hubei Province is analyzed. Then two different methods are adopted for thermodynamic input-output analysis in this paper, which are named as industrial cumulative exergy consumption and ecological cumulative exergy consumption. Results show that primary energy extraction sectors and raw material processing sectors have prominent peaks on both industrial cumulative exergy consumption and ecological cumulative exergy consumption for the case of Hubei Province. In terms of primary energy extraction sectors, traditional energy which has high exergy content should be substituted for new energy which has low exergy content. In terms of raw material processing sectors, high energy efficient and clean energy utilization technology should be promoted.

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Connessons, Elisabeth, und Claire Vasiljevic. „Absolute location by landmark extraction“. Robotica 18, Nr. 5 (September 2000): 487–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574700002630.

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To limit cumulative errors due to the odometer, we propose an absolute location method based on the extraction and the use of geometrical landmarks. This method also avoids the need of prior knowledge of the robot environment (no training steps) and its specified fitting (no beacons). If different measurements of the environment around the robot taken by an ultrasonic telemeter are merged, geometrical primitives appear. They are then discriminated and rebuilt. Those primitives are the landmarks used by the locating system. Hence a set of definitions and laws have been established to conjointly use few landmarks, in order to obtain the mobile robot absolute location by triangulation.

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Xu, Yan, He Xu, Yan Tao Wang, X. Z. Gao und Kai Xue. „A Novel Automatic Extraction Approach of Pollutants for Mobile Camera“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (Februar 2014): 1328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.1328.

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Rapid and automatic extraction of pollutants is of great importance for mobile camera in real-world scenarios. In the moving process of robot, the camera is treated as dynamic background, and the pollutants on the camera are treated as static target. So as to realize the detection of static target in dynamic scene, this paper presents an automatic extraction algorithm for pollutants based on frame difference accumulation. Firstly, this algorithm can determine whether pollutants exist or not by the overall trend of gray histogram of the cumulative frame difference images. And then if existing pollutants, Otsu algorithm was adopted to adaptively calculate threshold to convert the gray image into binary image. In this paper, analysis of the important parameters of the algorithm - cumulative frame number and frame difference threshold was implemented. Moreover, feasibility of the algorithm was verified by experiments on the automatic extraction of pollutants for gun-type camera.

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Tan, Joseph K. H., und Izak Benbasat. „The Effectiveness of Graphical Presentation for Information Extraction: A Cumulative Experimental Approach“. Decision Sciences 24, Nr. 1 (Januar 1993): 167–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.1993.tb00468.x.

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Haverson, David, John Bacon, Helen C. M. Smith, Vengatesan Venugopal und Qing Xiao. „Cumulative impact assessment of tidal stream energy extraction in the Irish Sea“. Ocean Engineering 137 (Juni 2017): 417–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2017.04.003.

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Röhrlich, Michael, Mark Mistry, Per N. Martens, Stefan Buntenbach, Martin Ruhrberg, Matthias Dienhart, Sebastian Briem, Rainer Quinkertz, Zeynel Alkan und Kurt Kugeler. „A method to calculate the cumulative energy demand (CED) of lignite extraction“. International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 5, Nr. 6 (November 2000): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02978675.

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Syrpas, Michail, Kiran Subbarayadu, Vaida Kitrytė und Petras Rimantas Venskutonis. „High-Pressure Extraction of Antioxidant-Rich Fractions from Shrubby Cinquefoil (Dasiphora fruticosa L. Rydb.) Leaves: Process Optimization and Extract Characterization“. Antioxidants 9, Nr. 6 (26.05.2020): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060457.

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Dasiphora fruticosa (basionym Potentilla fruticosa) is a shrub, known in traditional medicine for centuries. Due to the wide range of pharmacological effects, interest and applications of D. fruticosa extracts are continually increasing; however, reports on optimization of extraction conditions are scarce. Herein, a multi-step high-pressure extraction process with increasing polarity solvents was developed to isolate valuable fractions from D. fruticosa leaves. Supercritical CO2 extraction recovered 2.46 g/100 g of lipophilic fraction, rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Further, pressurized liquid extractions (PLE) with acetone, ethanol, and water were applied to obtain antioxidant-rich higher polarity extracts. Under optimized PLE conditions, the cumulative polar fraction yield was 29.98 g/100 g. Ethanol fraction showed the highest yield (15.3 g/100 g), TPC values (148.4 mg GAE/g), ABTS•+, and DPPH• scavenging capacity (161.1 and 151.8 mg TE/g, respectively). PLE was more efficient than conventional solid–liquid extraction in terms of extraction time, extract yields, and in vitro antioxidant capacity. Phytochemical characterization of PLE extracts by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS revealed the presence of hyperoside, ellagic acid, among other health beneficial phenolic substances. Τhis study highlights the potential of high-pressure extraction techniques to isolate antioxidant-rich fractions from D. fruticosa leaves with multipurpose applications, including the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases.

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Grant, Sonia. „Aggregate Airs: Atmospheres of Oil and Gas in the Greater Chaco“. Engaging Science, Technology, and Society 6 (10.11.2020): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.17351/ests2020.423.

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In the Greater Chaco region of northwest New Mexico, new fracking technologies are stirring up lands, chemicals, and relations that concentrate attention in the surround. This article argues that extraction’s cumulative atmospheric effects are experienced by Diné residents of the region in ways that cannot be accounted for by the agencies that manage oil and gas. The state’s presumption of atmospheric commensurability is reinforced by techniques of settler governance that fragment ecological and ontological domains like air and land. This fragmentation often preempts the possibility for Indigenous claims to meaningfully disrupt administrative or judicial actions. Unfolding extraction’s atmospheres across three cases, I examine how scale mediates the problem of commensurability. I describe how prevailing approaches to regulating impacts of the oil and gas industry manipulate scale in ways that obscure the cumulative effects of extraction. Drawing on fieldwork with Diné residents of the region who have mobilized to study how fracking affects their wellbeing, and I show how this scalar work facilitates the commensuration of extraction’s impacts across Indigenous and non-Indigenous worlds––as well as when this commensuration fails.

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Post, D. A., und P. A. Baker. „Determining the impacts of coal seam gas extraction on water resources and water-dependent assets“. APPEA Journal 57, Nr. 2 (2017): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16194.

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As recently as two years ago, there were numerous proposals to develop coal seam gas projects across eastern Australia. Today the picture is very different. While significant coal seam gas development has occurred in the Surat Basin, Metgasco has surrendered their licences and AGL have indicated that they will not proceed in Gloucester. The only coal seam gas development that is still proceeding in NSW is Santos’s proposal in the Liverpool Plains (Namoi). However, recent developments in Australian Government policy to increase gas supply on the eastern seaboard means that the results of these assessments will inform future decisions. Research carried out as part of the Bioregional Assessment Programme (BAP) has shown some surprising results in the Richmond River (Clarence-Moreton bioregion) regarding the potential impacts of coal seam gas development on the water resources and water-dependent assets of that region. This study will show how we developed a groundwater and surface water cumulative impact model in the Clarence-Moreton bioregion, and present the key findings from that modelling. Similar cumulative impact assessments are currently underway in the Maranoa-Balonne-Condamine, Gloucester, Hunter, Galilee, and Namoi regions and we expect these to be published by late 2017. As part of a core tenet of transparency in the BAP, the data collected and models developed as part of these assessments will be freely available for Industry proponents, State regulators and other interested parties to access and utilise. The Surat cumulative management area in south-eastern Queensland has provided a structure for developing coal seam gas resources while protecting water resources via a cumulative approach to management. We propose that the models we have developed would provide the basis of a similar structure to assess and manage cumulative impacts in regions across Australia that may see coal seam gas or other forms of unconventional gas development.

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ALI, Ahmad Nazri, Shahrel Azmin SUANDI und Mohd Zaid ABDULLAH. „Feature extraction using sequential cumulative bin and overlap mean intensity for iris classification“. TURKISH JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & COMPUTER SCIENCES 26, Nr. 6 (29.11.2018): 2887–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3906/elk-1611-297.

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Bradley, S. G., C. D. Stow und W. R. Gray. „Extraction of rainfall intensity data from the chart records of cumulative rainfall gauges“. New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 34, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1991): 559–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288306.1991.9514492.

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Mayer, Andreas, und Willi Haas. „Cumulative material flows provide indicators to quantify the ecological debt“. Journal of Political Ecology 23, Nr. 1 (01.12.2016): 350. http://dx.doi.org/10.2458/v23i1.20222.

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There is ample evidence that an unabated growth in material consumption is likely to pass the earth system's source and sink capacities. In the face of limited resources, distributional questions increasingly gain importance. Material flow accounting is a methodological tool to trace biophysical patterns of disproportionate resource consumption across countries and the debt towards the environment, other parts of the world, and towards future generations through the excessive consumption of natural resources. At the core of this article, we address different developments of material use for individual countries and world regions from 1950 to 2010. During this phase, fossil fuel-based industrialization triggered an unprecedented growth in material consumption, mainly in the wealthy world regions of Europe, Australia, North America, and partly in the countries of the former Soviet Union, while low resource consumption persists in other regions. We thus calculated cumulative resource use from 1950 to 2010 to show the extent of this wealth built up upon countries' own resources, or through imports from other countries or world regions. We use the degree of net-import dependency of individual countries as a proxy for the ecological debt, and relate it to the domestic resource extraction in a country. Our observations show that there was a highly uneven distribution of resource extraction and use in the 60 years analyzed, which has important implications for future global resource policies.Keywords: Ecological debt, material flow accounting, international trade, global resource useRésuméIl

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van Piggelen, H. E., T. Brandsma, H. Manders und J. F. Lichtenauer. „Automatic Curve Extraction for Digitizing Rainfall Strip Charts“. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 28, Nr. 7 (01.07.2011): 891–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jtecha1505.1.

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Abstract A method has been developed that largely automates the labor-intensive extraction work for large amounts of rainfall strip charts and paper rolls. The method consists of the following five basic steps: 1) scanning the charts and rolls to high-resolution digital images, 2) manually and visually registering relevant meta information from charts and rolls and preprocessing rolls to locate day transitions, 3) applying automatic curve extraction software in a batch process to determine the coordinates of cumulative rainfall lines on the images, 4) postprocessing the curves that were not correctly determined in step 3, and 5) aggregating the cumulative rainfall in pixel coordinates to the desired time resolution. The core of the method is in step 3. Here a color detection procedure is introduced that automatically separates the background of the charts and rolls from the grid and subsequently the rainfall curve. The rainfall curve is detected by minimization of a cost function. In total, 321 station years of locations in the Netherlands have successfully been digitized and transformed to long-term rainfall time series with 5-min resolution. In about 30% of the cases, semiautomatic postprocessing of the results was needed using a purpose-built graphical interface application. This percentage, however, strongly depends on the quality of the recorded curves and the charts and rolls. Although developed for rainfall, the method can be applied to other elements as well.

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Lieffering, RE, und CDA Mclay. „The effect of hydroxide solutions on dissolution of organic-carbon in some New Zealand soils“. Soil Research 33, Nr. 5 (1995): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr9950873.

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The disposal of high pH, hydroxide-based, liquid wastes using land treatment systems is becoming increasingly common in New Zealand. For effective disposal of high pH liquid wastes to land, it is necessary to understand the effects of different hydroxide-based solutions on organic carbon dissolution to ensure soil physical properties are not adversely affected. Single-step and multi-step extraction experiments were designed to investigate the effect of high pH solutions on organic carbon dissolution in four New Zealand soils. In the single-step extraction experiments, soil was shaken with varying concentrations of NaOH and KOH (0.003, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 M) at a 1:5 soil to solution ratio for 18 h. Organic carbon dissolution occurred at very low concentrations and increased linearly with hydroxide concentration, with up to 45% of the total initial organic carbon dissolved when 0.3 M NaOH was used. KOH dissolved slightly less organic carbon than NaOH, indicating that a cation difference occurred. When the anion was changed to chloride, the amount of organic carbon dissolved was very small (<2% of total initial organic carbon) for all concentrations, indicating that the hydroxide anion was most important in causing organic carbon dissolution. Multi-step experiments involved repeatedly shaking soil with fresh hydroxide extracting solutions, and showed that the difference between NaOH and KOH in dissolving organic carbon decreased as the number of extractions increased. The cumulative amount of organic carbon dissolved increased from about 45% after a single-step extraction to about 75% after five extractions. Organic carbon dissolution with different solutions tended to be higher in an allophanic soil, but similar in soils dominated by phyllosilicate clay minerals. The results indicate that factors such as the chemical composition of the liquid waste and soil type need to be considered prior to land disposal to prevent adverse effects on soil physical properties.

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Giri, Tapan Kumar, Subhasis Chakrabarty und Bijaya Ghosh. „Non-Invasive Extraction of Gabapentin for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Reverse Iontophoresis: Effect of pH, Ionic Strength, and Polyethylene Glycol 400 in the Receiving Medium“. Current Pharmaceutical Analysis 15, Nr. 6 (18.07.2019): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412914666180910115059.

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Background: Monitoring of plasma concentrations is a necessity for narrow therapeutic index potent drugs. Development of non-invasive methods can save the patients from the trauma of needles and hence is considered as a research priority. Introduction: Gabapentin, an anti-epileptic drug requires therapeutic monitoring because of its narrow therapeutic index. The objective of the study was to develop a suitable method for the non-invasive extraction of gabapentin for the same. Methods: Transdermal reverse iontophoresis was performed using pig ear skin as a barrier membrane. Three compartment iontophoretic cells were used for the extraction study. Extractions were carried out under low intensity electric field (current intensity- 0.5 mA/cm2, electrical field approximately 5 V). The donor compartment was charged with aqueous gabapentin (10 µg/ml in phosphate buffer of pH 7.4). For studying the effect of receiving vehicle (pH, ionic strength, and enhancer) on the extraction efficiency of gabapentin, the two receiver chambers were charged with media having varying concentration of these factors. Drug content was determined by HPLC. Results: Compared to other pHs, cumulative extraction of gabapentin at pH 5 was significantly higher at both anode and cathode (p<0.001). At low ionic strength, extraction of gabapentin increased linearly with the increase in concentration of ions up to a certain value but at very high ionic strength the pattern reversed. Similar results were obtained with enhancer (polyethylene glycol 400). Extraction increased with increase in polyethylene glycol 400 up to 3% and then decreased. Conclusion: Extraction flux can be optimized by manipulation of the receiver media.

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Gromova, Ekaterina, Anastasiya Malakhova und Arsen Palestini. „Payoff Distribution in a Multi-Company Extraction Game with Uncertain Duration“. Mathematics 6, Nr. 9 (11.09.2018): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math6090165.

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A nonrenewable resource extraction game model is analyzed in a differential game theory framework with random duration. If the cumulative distribution function (c.d.f.) of the final time is discontinuous, the related subgames are differentiated based on the position of the initial instant with respect to the jump. We investigate properties of optimal trajectories and of imputation distribution procedures if the game is played cooperatively.

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del Valle, José M., Constanza V. Carrasco, Felipe R. Toledo und Gonzalo A. Núñez. „Particle size distribution and stratification of pelletized oilseeds affects cumulative supercritical CO2 extraction plots“. Journal of Supercritical Fluids 146 (April 2019): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.supflu.2019.01.017.

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Parkes, Margot, Sandra Allison, Henry Harder, Dawn Hoogeveen, Diana Kutzner, Melissa Aalhus, Evan Adams et al. „Addressing the Environmental, Community, and Health Impacts of Resource Development: Challenges across Scales, Sectors, and Sites“. Challenges 10, Nr. 1 (20.03.2019): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/challe10010022.

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Work that addresses the cumulative impacts of resource extraction on environment, community, and health is necessarily large in scope. This paper presents experiences from initiating research at this intersection and explores implications for the ambitious, integrative agenda of planetary health. The purpose is to outline origins, design features, and preliminary insights from our intersectoral and international project, based in Canada and titled the “Environment, Community, Health Observatory” (ECHO) Network. With a clear emphasis on rural, remote, and Indigenous communities, environments, and health, the ECHO Network is designed to answer the question: How can an Environment, Community, Health Observatory Network support the integrative tools and processes required to improve understanding and response to the cumulative health impacts of resource development? The Network is informed by four regional cases across Canada where we employ a framework and an approach grounded in observation, “taking notice for action”, and collective learning. Sharing insights from the foundational phase of this five-year project, we reflect on the hidden and obvious challenges of working across scales, sectors, and sites, and the overlap of generative and uncomfortable entanglements associated with health and resource development. Yet, although intersectoral work addressing the cumulative impacts of resource extraction presents uncertainty and unresolved tensions, ultimately we argue that it is worth staying with the trouble.

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Pljevljakušić, Dejan, und Zorica Drinić. „GC/MS chemical analysis of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) hydrolat: Successive extraction fractions“. Lekovite sirovine, Nr. 40 (2020): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/leksir2040033p.

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Hydrolats are valuable co-products of the essential oil distillation process, whose volatile compounds can be quantified by various methods. In this paper, we have tried to estimate the liquid-liquid extraction cycle number threshold for volatile compounds quantification of lavandin (Lavandula x intermedia) hydrolat. For this purpose, ten consecutive hydrolat extractions with n-hexane were analyzed GC/MS with hexadecane (C16) as an internal standard and compared with the lavandin essential oil. The chemical composition of the lavandin hydrolat showed similarity with its essential oil to the great extent, while volatile compounds dissolved in hydrolat exclusively belonged to the class of oxygenated monoterpenes. The total amount of extracted compounds has been estimated to 2174.2 mg/L, where the most dominant compounds in lavandin hydrolat were cisand trans-furanoid linalool oxide (676.3 and 634.1 mg/L, respectively), followed by much smaller amounts of linalool, camphor, and 1,8-cineole (167.6, 157.0, and 148.2 mg/L, respectively). Cumulative recoveries of total compounds yield after the third, fifth, and eighth extractions were 88 %, 96 %, and 99 %, respectively. Combined fraction analysis confirmed that in the first 5 cycles more than 95 % of the total yield (from 10 cycles) of extracted volatile compounds can be collected. Based on the results of this study, for volatile compounds quantification in lavandin hydrolat, 5 cycles of n-hexane liquid-liquid extraction can be recommended.

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Bracke, Frank, Niels Verberkmoes, Marcel van 't Veer und Berry van Gelder. „Lead extraction for cardiac implantable electronic device infection: comparable complication rates with or without abandoned leads“. EP Europace 21, Nr. 9 (19.07.2019): 1378–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/europace/euz197.

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Abstract Aims Abandoned leads are often linked to complications during lead extraction, prompting pre-emptive extraction if leads become non-functional. We examined their influence on complications when extracted for device-related infection. Methods and results All patients undergoing lead extraction for device-related infection from 2006 to 2017 in our hospital were included. The primary endpoint was major complications. Out of 500 patients, 141 had abandoned leads, of whom 75% had only one abandoned lead. Median cumulative implant times were 24.2 (interquartile range 15.6–38.2) and 11.6 (5.6–17.4), respectively years with or without abandoned leads. All leads were extracted only with a femoral approach in 50.4% of patients. Mechanical rotational tools were introduced in 2014 and used in 22.2% of cases and replacing laser sheaths that were used in 5% of patients. Major complications occurred in 0.7% of patients with abandoned leads compared with 1.7% of patients with only active leads (P = 0.679). Failure to completely remove all leads was 14.9% and 6.4%, respectively with or without abandoned leads (P = 0.003), and clinical failure was 6.4% and 2.2% (P = 0.028), respectively. Procedural failure dropped to 9.2% and 5.7% (P = 0.37), respectively after the introduction of mechanical rotational tools. The only independent predictor of procedural and clinical failure in multivariate analysis was the cumulative implant duration. Conclusion Despite longer implant times, patients with abandoned leads did not have more major complications during lead extraction. Therefore, preventive extraction of non-functional leads to avoid complications at a later stage is not warranted.

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Inca, Inca, Triyogatama Wahyu Widodo und Danang Lelono. „Klasifikasi Teh Hijau dan Teh Hitam Tambi-Pagilaran dengan Metode Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Menggunakan E-Nose“. IJEIS (Indonesian Journal of Electronics and Instrumentation Systems) 8, Nr. 1 (30.04.2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijeis.28718.

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This research aims to classification of samples of green tea and black tea originated from different planting sites, Tambi and Pagilaran. Samples of green tea and black tea; quality I (BOP), quality II (BP), quality III (Bohea) were each collected from Tambi and Pagilaran to analyze the charasteristic of both sample from both sites. Measurements of tea samples were performed using a dynamic e-nose device based on a MOS gas sensor, with a maximum set point temperature of 40ºC, flushing 300 seconds, collecting 120 seconds, and purging 80 seconds for 10 cycles repeatedly. The resulting sensor response is then processed using the difference method for baseline manipulation. Characteristic of extraction process on the sensor response results is carried out in three methods; relative, fractional change, and integral. Matrix data of the feature extraction results was reduced using the PCA method by mapping the aroma patterns of each sample using 2-PCA components. The PCA reduction results in integral feature extraction showed the largest percentage of cumulative variance in classifying green tea sample data by 97% and black tea by 100%. The large percentage value of cumulative variance indicates PCA can differentiate samples of green tea and black tea from Tambi and Pagilaran well.

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Lu, Y., und M. Panagiotou. „Characterization and Representation of Near-Fault Ground Motions Using Cumulative Pulse Extraction with Wavelet Analysis“. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 104, Nr. 1 (31.12.2013): 410–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0120130031.

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Ding, Jia Man, Yi Du, Qing Xin Wang, Ying Jiang und Lian Yin Jia. „P-Box Theory and SVM Methods with Application in Pattern Recognition“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 651-653 (September 2014): 472–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.651-653.472.

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In order to solve the problem of the information loss on the feature extraction process in the traditional pattern recognition, a new method based on probability boxes theory was proposed. Firstly, the skewness of the fault signal data were used as the information source to construct the tow p-boxes about X and direction. Then, to take advantage of the complementation of the information source, the tow p-boxes from different directions were fused. Finally, the SVM features database was established by extracting different types of cumulative uncertainty measures from p-boxes. The analysis result shows that the combination of p-box and SVM can achieve a high recognition rate, which makes a new way for pattern recognition.

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Phillipson, Keith. „Prediction of groundwater impacts from coal seam gas extraction in the Surat Basin“. APPEA Journal 59, Nr. 2 (2019): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj18079.

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The Queensland regulatory framework recognises that the impacts of groundwater extraction activities can overlap in areas of concentrated development. Such areas of overlapping impacts can be declared ‘cumulative management areas’ (CMAs). When a CMA is established, the Office of Groundwater Impact Assessment (OGIA) becomes responsible for carrying out a cumulative impact assessment and preparing an Underground Water Impact Report (UWIR). The Surat CMA was declared in March 2011, and since this time, two iterations of the UWIR have been published in 2012 and 2016, underpinned by a gradually evolving regional groundwater flow model. This case study presentation will examine a number novel features of the regional groundwater flow model, resulting from OGIA’s ongoing research and development program, including the development of an adapted version of the MODFLOW-USG groundwater flow modelling code and approximation of coal desaturation and dual-phase flow effects using a modified van Genuchten function. The presentation will also look at the simulation of CSG extraction using a ‘descending drain’ methodology that recognises the gas-filled nature of CSG wells and generating up-scaled properties of highly heterogenous sedimentary material by first generating stochastic realisations of fragments of these layers, and then using ‘numerical permeameters’ to determine both the expected value and stochasticity of these properties, at the regional scale.

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Surasni, Ni Ketut, Hermanto Hermanto und Hermanto Hermanto. „RENT EXTRACTION PADA PERUSAHAAN DENGAN STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN TERKONSENTRASI DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA“. JMM UNRAM - MASTER OF MANAGEMENT JOURNAL 9, Nr. 4 (28.12.2020): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jmm.v9i4.625.

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This study aims to examine the existence of rent extraction by examining the market reaction to the increase and decrease in dividends. For this purpose, the method used is an event study. Market reaction is measured using cumulative average abnormal return (CAAR). If CAAR is high> CAAR is low. hence rent extraction is proven, dividends are proven to relieve conflict between majority and minority. By using the difference test, it was not proven that high CAAR> low CAAR. These results indicate that investors do not react to increases or decreases in dividends. In companies with a concentrated ownership structure, dividends do not function as a reliever for conflicts between majority and minority. Kata kunci: Concentrated ownership structure, rent extraction, dividends.

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Ning, Hui Ying. „The Technology Research for the Extraction of Human Eyes Feature“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 2456–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.2456.

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Using the method which is similar to the eye region selection to compute the length of long axis and the short axis of human eyes, reduce the errors caused by the space between the straight lines in Hough Transform. Using Generalized Hof Transform method to extract eyes perimeter, eliminate the interference of the lights, which is more accurate than using 33 template method. With using the region growing method, set an accumulator to calculate the pixels difference value of the seed points and its 33 neighbourhood (the absolute value of the cumulative numbers of the point is less than the threshold) is the human eye area. With those methods, we can extract the characteristics of human eyes.

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Chai, Yee Ho, Suzana Yusup, Qiu Huan Seer, Muhammad Syafiq Hazwan Ruslan und Bridgid Lai Fui Chin. „Influence of supercritical CO2 flowrate in one-pot supercritical fluid extraction of Carica papaya linn. leaves: A broken-intact-cell approach“. E3S Web of Conferences 287 (2021): 02012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128702012.

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The presence of rich phytochemicals in Carica papaya linn. leaves are potentially beneficial in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical and food industries. This work aims to investigate the roles of solvent flowrate for the predictive behaviour of supercritical fluid extraction of essential oil-rich extracts by broken-intact-cell modelling approach. Through kinetic model fitting of experimental data, the adjustable parameters namely G, φk, Z and Y were determined through error minimization procedure. From the cumulative extraction curve at solvent rate from 4 – 8 mL/min, the values of mass transfer coefficients were in the range of 4.40 × 10−5 m2/s – 19.92 × 10−5 m2/s with an overall relative 8.67% AARD. The grinding index and end of fast extraction time period was within the range of 0.144 – 0.258 and 30.38 – 91.17 min respectively. The role of solvent flowrate played an influential role in the extraction of papaya leaves extract.

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Roswall, Taylor, Emileigh Lucas, Yun-Ya Yang, Charles Burgis, Isis Scott und Gurpal Toor. „Hotspots of Legacy Phosphorus in Agricultural Landscapes: Revisiting Water-Extractable Phosphorus Pools in Soils“. Water 13, Nr. 8 (07.04.2021): 1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13081006.

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Controlling phosphorus (P) losses from intensive agricultural areas to water bodies is an ongoing challenge. A critical component of mitigating P losses lies in accurately predicting dissolved P loss from soils, which often includes estimating the amount of soluble P extracted with a laboratory-based extraction, i.e., water-extractable P (WEP). A standard extraction method to determine the WEP pool in soils is critical to accurately quantify and assess the risk of P loss from soils to receiving waters. We hypothesized that narrower soil-to-water ratios (1:10 or 1:20) used in current methods underestimate the pool of WEP in high or legacy P soils due to the equilibrium constraints that limit the further release of P from the solid-to-solution phase. To investigate P release and develop a more exhaustive and robust method for measuring WEP, soils from eight legacy P fields (Mehlich 3–P of 502 to 1127 mg kg−1; total P of 692 to 2235 mg kg−1) were used for WEP extractions by varying soil-to-water ratios from 1:10 to 1:100 (weight:volume) and in eight sequential extractions (equivalent to 1:800 soil-to-water ratio). Extracts were analyzed for total (WEPt) and inorganic (WEPi) pools, and organic (WEPo) pool was calculated. As the ratios widened, mean WEPi increased from 23.7 mg kg−1 (at 1:10) to 58.5 mg kg−1 (at 1:100). Further, WEPi became the dominant form, encompassing 92.9% of WEPt at 1:100 in comparison to 79.0% of WEPt at 1:10. Four of the eight selected soils were extracted using a 1:100 ratio in eight sequential extractions to fully exhaust WEP, which removed a cumulative WEPt of 125 to 549 mg kg−1, equivalent to 276–416% increase from the first 1:100 extraction. Although WEP concentrations significantly declined after the first sequential extraction, WEP was not exhausted during the subsequent extractions, indicating a sizeable pool of soluble P in legacy P soils. We conclude that (i) legacy P soils are long-term sources of soluble P in agricultural landscapes and (ii) the use of a 1:100 soil-to-water ratio can improve quantification and risk assessment of WEP loss in legacy P soils.

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Ugwu, Elijah Chibuzo, Bhaskar Sen Gupta, Adeloye Adebayo und Nadia Martínez-Villegas. „Column Experiment for the Removal of Cadmium, Copper, Lead and Zinc from Artificially Contaminated Soil using EDTA, Rhamnolipids, and Soapnut“. European Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences 2, Nr. 2 (05.03.2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejgeo.2021.2.2.63.

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Environmental contamination caused by high contents of toxic metals in the soil is a global concern. Soil washing using chelating agents and saponin can enhance metal removal from contaminated soils through the formation of soluble metal complexes, mobilization, and extraction with the washing solutions. Column experiments were conducted in this study to assess the feasibility of using a chelate (EDTA), a saponin (soapnut) and microbial (rhamnolipid) cleaning agents to enhance the removal of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn from sandy loam contaminated soils. The cumulative removal of Cd after 10 pore volumes were 74.05 for EDTA, 63.08 for rhamnolipids, and 69.07 for soapnut. The cumulative removals of Cu after washing with 10 pore volumes were 64.72% for soapnut, 61.58% for rhamnolipids and 61.95% for EDTA. Also, the cumulative removals of Pb were 62% for soapnut, 59.65% for rhamnolipids and 59.95% for EDTA after washing with 10 pore volumes. The cumulative removals of Zn after washing with 10 pore volumes were 68.54% for soapnut, 62.65% for rhamnolipids and 66.08% for EDTA. The performance of these experiments demonstrates that the application of these cleaning agents in in-situ soil remediation can be effective alternative to ex-situ remediation.

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Foden, J., SI Rogers und AP Jones. „Recovery of UK seabed habitats from benthic fishing and aggregate extraction—towards a cumulative impact assessment“. Marine Ecology Progress Series 411 (29.07.2010): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3354/meps08662.

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He, Xin, und Hongshu Jin. „Morphological factors extraction of upper limb for young female“. E3S Web of Conferences 237 (2021): 01032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123701032.

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This paper is proposed to extract the morphological factors of upper limb shapes related to the personalized sleeve design. The 36 items of lateral upper limb morphology were measured for 50 young female aged 19 to 22 years old by the photo measurement method. Based on the correlation relationships of morphological variables of upper limb, there are 4 morphological factors of upper limb shapes with eigenvalues above 1 were extracted by the principal component analysis, and the cumulative variance reached 83.504%. Among them, the factors of girth and height of upper limb were relevance to the girths of torso and stature respectively, and the factor of upper limb oblique angle is influenced by the upper body axis inclination, and the arm root height is interpreted as an independent factor describing the arm root shape. These morphological factors provided the references in key feature indicator sifting for upper limb shape subdivisions and the critical parameters in personalized sleeve structure designing.

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Yuan, Xiaoqian, Chao Chen, Shan Tian und Jiandan Zhong. „SAR Image Change Detection Based on Multi-scale Feature Extraction“. International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Researc 10, Nr. 4 (01.04.2021): 077–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr1004.1002.

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In order to improve the contrast of the difference image and reduce the interference of the speckle noise in the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image, this paper proposes a SAR image change detection algorithm based on multi-scale feature extraction. In this paper, a kernel matrix with weights is used to extract features of two original images, and then the logarithmic ratio method is used to obtain the difference images of two images, and the change area of the images are extracted. Then, the different sizes of kernel matrix are used to extract the abstract features of different scales of the difference image. This operation can make the difference image have a higher contrast. Finally, the cumulative weighted average is obtained to obtain the final difference image, which can further suppress the speckle noise in the image.

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Molino, Antonio, Vincenzo Larocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Maria Martino, Patrizia Casella, Tiziana Marino, Despina Karatza und Dino Musmarra. „Extraction of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide“. Molecules 24, Nr. 4 (21.02.2019): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24040782.

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Microalgae Dunaliella salina contains useful molecules such as β-carotene and fatty acids (FAs), which are considered high value-added compounds. To extract these molecules, supercritical carbon dioxide was used at different operative conditions. The effects of mechanical pre-treatment (grinding speed at 0–600 rpm; pre-treatment time of 2.5–7.5 min) and operating parameters for extraction, such as biomass loading (2.45 and 7.53 g), pressure (100–550 bars), temperature (50–75 °C) and CO2 flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) by varying the extraction times (30–110 min) were evaluated. Results showed that the maximum cumulative recovery (25.48%) of β-carotene was achieved at 400 bars and 65 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min, while the highest purity for stage (55.40%) was attained at 550 bars and 65 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. The maximum recovery of FAs, equal to 8.47 mg/g, was achieved at 550 bars and 75 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Moreover, the lowest biomass loading (2.45 g) and the first extraction cycle (30 min) allowed the maximum extraction of β-carotene and FAs.

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Wang, Fang Nian, Shen Shen Wang, Yun Bai und Wan Fang Che. „Feature Extraction Method for Network Intrusion Detection Based on RS-KPCA“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 665 (Oktober 2014): 706–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.665.706.

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For the complexity and nonlinearity of the input characteristics in network intrusion detection system, a feature extraction method for network intrusion detection based on RS-KPCA is studied. Firstly, the Rough Set (RS) theory is used to select the valuable features, while the unnecessary features are removed. Then, the features of the intrusion detection sample data are extracted by the kernel principal component analysis (KPCA) algorithm. The number of new features is determined by the cumulative contribution rate. Simulation results show that this method can effectively remove the interference features, and has the advantages of obvious principal component feature and concentrated contribution rate, compared with PCA. Overall, the proposed method can effectively integrate the nonlinear features of the original data, reduce the dimension, and improve the intrusion detection performance.

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Molino, Antonio, Maria Martino, Vincenzo Larocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Anna Spagnoletta, Tiziana Marino, Despina Karatza, Angela Iovine, Sanjeet Mehariya und Dino Musmarra. „Eicosapentaenoic Acid Extraction from Nannochloropsis gaditana using Carbon Dioxide at Supercritical Conditions“. Marine Drugs 17, Nr. 2 (22.02.2019): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17020132.

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This research shows that carbon dioxide supercritical fluid (CO2-SF) is an emerging technology for the extraction of high interest compounds for applications in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics from microalgae. The purpose of this study is to recover fatty acids (FAs) and, more precisely, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Nannochloropsis gaditana biomass by CO2-SF extraction. In the paper, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment was evaluated with the aim of increasing FAs recovery. Extraction was performed at a pressure range of 250–550 bars and a CO2 flow rate of 7.24 and 14.48 g/min, while temperature was fixed at 50 or 65 °C. The effect of these parameters on the extraction yield was assessed at each extraction cycle, 20 min each, for a total extraction time of 100 min. Furthermore, the effect of biomass loading on EPA recovery was evaluated. The highest EPA extraction yield, i.e., 11.50 mg/g, corresponding to 27.4% EPA recovery, was obtained at 65 °C and 250 bars with a CO2 flow rate of 7.24 g/min and 1.0 g biomass loading. The increased CO2 flow rate from 7.24 to 14.48 g/min enhanced the cumulative EPA recovery at 250 bars. The purity of EPA could be improved by biomass loading of 2.01 g, even if recovery was reduced.

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Mikeli, Eleni, Efthimios Balomenos und Dimitrios Panias. „Utilizing Recyclable Task-Specific Ionic Liquid for Selective Leaching and Refining of Scandium from Bauxite Residue“. Molecules 26, Nr. 4 (04.02.2021): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26040818.

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Ionic liquids (ILs) have attracted great interest in the field of extractive metallurgy mainly because they can be utilized in low temperature leaching processes where they exhibit selectivity and recyclability. A major drawback in mixed aqueous-IL systems, is IL dissolution in the aqueous phase, which leads to IL losses, increasing the overall processing cost. This study advances the method for recovering scandium (Sc) from bauxite residue (BR) using as leaching agent the IL betainium bistriflimide, [Hbet][Tf2N] mixed with water, which has been reported in previous publications. Ionic liquid leachate (IL-PLS) was prepared by leaching BR with a mixture of [Hbet][Tf2N]-H2O and subjected to different stripping experiments using hydrochloric acid. The advancement, presented in this work, is related with the optimization of the metal extraction (stripping) from the IL-PLS, where an aqueous solution with high Sc concentration and minimum metal impurities and minimum IL co-extraction is produced. It is further proven that the metal cation extraction is defined by the stoichiometry of the acidic solution and the dissolution (losses) of the IL in the aqueous phase can be minimized by adjusting the volume ratio and the acid concentration. A two-step stripping process described, achieves the selective increase of Sc concentration by 8 times in the aqueous solution, while maintaining cumulative IL losses to similar levels as the optimum 1 step non-Sc selective stripping process.

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Zhu, Ming-Xiao, Qing Liu, Jian-Yi Xue, Jun-Bo Deng, Guan-Jun Zhang, Xian-Jun Shao, Wen-Lin He, An-Xiang Guo und Xiao-Wei Liu. „Self-adaptive separation of multiple partial discharge sources based on optimized feature extraction of cumulative energy function“. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 24, Nr. 1 (Februar 2017): 246–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2016.005893.

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Walker, Glen R., Quan J. Wang, Avril Horne, Rick Evans und Stuart Richardson. „Potential cumulative impacts on river flow volume from increased groundwater extraction under the Murray-Darling Basin Plan“. Australasian Journal of Water Resources 24, Nr. 2 (02.07.2020): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13241583.2020.1804042.

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Ma, Jun. „Research on Sports Video Image Based on Clustering Extraction“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (12.06.2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9996782.

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Today, with the continuous sports events, the major sports events are also loved by the majority of the audience, so the analysis of the video data of the games has higher research value and application value. This paper takes the video of volleyball, tennis, baseball, and water polo as the research background and analyses the video images of these four sports events. Firstly, image graying, image denoising, and image binarization are used to preprocess the images of the four sports events. Secondly, feature points are used to detect the four sports events. According to the characteristics of these four sports events, SIFT algorithm is adopted to detect the good performance of SIFT feature points in feature matching. According to the simulation experiment, it can be seen that the SIFT algorithm can effectively detect football and have good anti-interference. For sports recognition, this document adopts the frame cross-sectional cumulative algorithm. Through simulation experiments, it can be seen that the grouping algorithm can achieve a recognition rate of more than 80% for sporting events, so it can be seen that the recognition algorithm is suitable for recognizing sports events videos.

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Chang, Juu-En, Tzong-Tzeng Lin, Ming-Sheng Ko, Zhi-Jian Chen und Yi-Kuo Chang. „Long-term stability of KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrix in landfill leachates“. Water Science and Technology 39, Nr. 10-11 (01.05.1999): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0641.

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In this study, the long-term stability of KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrix under early-period and late-period landfill leachates was evaluated using semi-dynamic leaching test (SDLT), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The results of SDLT after 60-day periods of extraction indicated that the cumulative leaching of Cu was only 0.72% and 3.34% of the total Cu in the KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrix under early-period and late-period landfill leachates, respectively. The investigation of crystallinity and functional groups between the leached KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrices after 1-day and 60-day periods of extraction using XRD and FTIR indicated that the KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrices were perfectly unaffected by the extraction using early-period and late-period landfill leachates during the 60-day leach time. Consequently, the KEtX/Cu(OH)2 matrix had a stabilizing behavior extracted in landfill leachates.

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Yan, Xiaoxue, Yanguang Liu, Guiling Wang und Yaoru Lu. „Optimal injection rate of water in the Guide Basin hot dry rock mining project“. Energy Exploration & Exploitation 37, Nr. 2 (13.12.2018): 721–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0144598718800729.

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The energy reserves of hot dry rock resources are huge, thus a model to predict engineering production for efficient and stable development and utilization is sought. Based on the geological characteristics of dry rock resources in Guide Basin, Qinghai Province, China, the fully coupled wellbore–reservoir simulator—T2Well—is used to model a production system using water as a heat transfer medium and simulate the system’s operation to analyze the influence of different injection rates on heat extraction. In later production stages, output temperature and reservoir pressure decrease by 10–30°C and 0.5–30 MPa, depending on injection rate; this occurs earlier and to a greater extent at higher injection rates; thermal breakthrough also occurs earlier (7–10 years). The heat extraction rate is 1–20 MW and the cumulative heat extracted is 2.1–24.2 × 105 J. Lower injection rates result in relatively low heat extraction rates. For maximum economic benefit, an injection rate of 50–75 kg/s is ideal.

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Qiao, Long, und Asad Esmaeily. „An Overview of Signal-Based Damage Detection Methods“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 94-96 (September 2011): 834–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.94-96.834.

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Deterioration of structures due to aging, cumulative crack growth or excessive response significantly affects the performance and safety of structures during their service life. Recently, signal-based methods have received many attentions for structural health monitoring and damage detection. These methods examine changes in the features derived directly from the measured time histories or their corresponding spectra through proper signal processing methods and algorithms to detect damage. Based on different signal processing techniques for feature extraction, these methods are classified into time-domain methods, frequency-domain methods, and time-frequency (or time-scale)-domain methods. As an enhancement for feature extraction, selection and classification, pattern recognition techniques are deeply integrated into signal-based damage detection. This paper provided an overview of these methods based on two aspects: (1) feature extraction and selection, and (2) pattern recognition. Signal-based methods are particularly more effective for structures with complicated nonlinear behavior and the incomplete, incoherent, and noise-contaminated measurements of structural response.

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Mackie, Lucas, Daniel Coles, Matthew Piggott und Athanasios Angeloudis. „The Potential for Tidal Range Energy Systems to Provide Continuous Power: A UK Case Study“. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, Nr. 10 (06.10.2020): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8100780.

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The extraction of tidal energy from head differences represents a predictable and flexible option for generating electricity. Here, we investigate the generation potential of prospective tidal power plants in the UK. Originally conceived as separate projects, operating these schemes as a cooperative system could prove beneficial. Combined with the inherent operational flexibility of tidal range-based schemes, a notable tidal phase difference in selected sites allows for the system to spread power generation over a larger proportion of the day. Using depth-averaged modelling and gradient-based optimisation techniques, we explore how a flexible cumulative operation schedule could be applied to provide a degree of continuous supply if desirable. While fully continuous operation is not achieved, a number of different optimisation schedules deliver cumulative continuous supply for over half of the year. The average minimum cumulative power output on these days is consistently over 500 MW out of a total installed capacity of 6195.3 MW. Furthermore, by introducing financial incentives associated with reliable, baseload supply, we provide an economic assessment of the tidal power plant system. The daily minimum cumulative power output determines income in the modelled idealised baseload market, while excess supply is traded in an hourly variable wholesale energy market. Results indicate that subsidies would be required in order to make a pursuit of continuous generation financially advantageous over energy maximisation strategies.

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Kumar, Govindaraj Padmanabha, Chew Shu-Lyn, Goi Ee Win, Lee Win Sie, Nur Fatin Khaleeda binti Lakman und Nazmul Haque. „Comparison between preoperative and post-operative administration of paracetamol, ibuprofen and mefenamic acid for post-extraction pain control“. Biomedical Research and Therapy 7, Nr. 5 (25.05.2020): 3794–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15419/bmrat.v7i5.606.

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Pain is a common aftereffect following a dental treatment, especially extractions. Hence, the main aim of the study was to compare the effect of pre-operative and post-operative analgesic usage on post-operative pain management following dental treatment. Moreover, the efficacies of three types of painkillers (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen and Mefenamic Acid) in pain relief were also evaluated. Volunteers (n = 120) who were undergoing extraction participated in this study and were randomly divided into two groups. One group consisting of 60 participants were given pre- and post-operative analgesics while another group (n = 60) received post-operative analgesics only. A visual scale was used to record pain from zero to 56 hours post-operatively at 8-hour intervals. The results showed that patients who were taking analgesics pre-operatively experienced significantly (p = 0.0045) less pain compared to those who had taken post-operative analgesics only However, a lower cumulative number of moderate and severe experiences of post-extraction pain was recorded for the pre- and post-operative analgesic treatment groups as compared to the postoperative only analgesic treatment group; no significant differences were observed. Moreover, no significant differences were observed among the analgesics used in this study as well. On the basis of these results, we conclude that preoperative analgesic usage has a positive impact on postextraction acute pain management.

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Song, Yanqi, Xiangshang Li, Deyong Guo und Bokang Shi. „Study on the Decoupled Charge Effect in Deep-Hole Cumulative Blasting of Coal Seam“. Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (15.04.2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/8486198.

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Five models of cumulative blasting are established by using ANSYS/LS-DYNA to study the effect of decoupling coefficient on cumulative blasting to improve coal seam permeability. The formation and migration process of the shaped energy jets with two kinds of decoupling coefficient are compared and analyzed; also, the propagation of explosive stress waves is represented. The result showed that the air in the blast hole is the key to the formation and migration of the condensing jet. The air in the hole also could reduce the attenuation of stress wave in a certain range. However, if the decoupling coefficient is too large, the air in the hole will consume excessive explosive energy, which is also not conducive to energy transfer. Therefore, there is an optimum decoupling coefficient which can minimize the coal crushing area, increase the coal fissure area, and improve the gas extraction rate. Besides, the cumulative blasting tests were carried out in a coal seam. The test results show that decoupling charge could effectively improve coal seam permeability, and the blasting effect was better when the decoupling coefficient is between 1.67 and 2.

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Quintero, Kate Wolfe. „Learnability and the Acquistion of Extraction in Relative Clauses andWh-Questions“. Studies in Second Language Acquisition 14, Nr. 1 (März 1992): 39–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100010469.

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Learnability theory is an investigation of the cognitive principles that determine developmental stages and eventual success in language acquistion. The focus of this study is on the learning principles within learnability theory that account for developmental stages in adult second language acquisition. Three learning principles, cumulative development, continuity, and conservatism, predict a complex sequence of development in the acquisition of relative clauses andwh-questions in English. They predict an early no-prep stage, gradual development through two additional stages of greater embeddedness of the extracted noun, stranded before nonstranded prepositional structures, and the likelihood of resumption at early stages. These predictions are confirmed by data from previous studies and are further investigated in this study by means of elicited production data collected from 35 Japanese learners of English and 17 native speakers of English. The data show the expected stages of development and confirm the relevance of learning principles to a comprehensive theory of learnability in second language acquisition (SLA).

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Liu, Chang Qing, Bing Qi Chen, Yang Liu und Tao Zha. „Quantity Detection of Kernels in an Ear Corn Based on Machine Vision“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 246-247 (Dezember 2012): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.246-247.279.

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A high efficient method is provided to count the number of kernels in an ear corn. PC camera captured a sequence of images around an ear corn using a simple device. The Otsu's algorithm was applied for background segmentation. An object processing area was obtained after contour extraction. The x-direction cumulative histogram was used to extract every row of the ear corn. The y-direction cumulative histogram was used to detect the number of corn kernels in a row. The number of rows was got by matching the edge of the current ear row with the first one. The time of detecting kernels for an ear corn was below 2 minutes and the average accuracy was about 95% in experiment. It shows that this method can detect the quantity of kernels directly in an ear corn quickly and effectively using a low-cost device.

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