Thematische Bibliographien / CT specimens

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Auswahl der wissenschaftlichen Literatur zum Thema „CT specimens“

Autor: Grafiati

Veröffentlicht am 28. Juni 2021

Zuletzt aktualisiert am 7. Februar 2022

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Zeitschriftenartikel zum Thema "CT specimens"

Troschel, Fabian M., Ravi V. Gottumukkala, Daniel DiCorpo, Julia Mario, Harald C. Ott, Cameron D. Wright, Ashok Muniappan et al. „Feasibility of Perioperative Micro–Computed Tomography of Human Lung Cancer Specimens: A Pilot Study“. Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 143, Nr. 3 (20.11.2018): 319–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0249-oa.

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Context.— Lesion localization during intraoperative frozen section of lung resection specimens can be challenging. Imaging could aid lesion localization while enabling 3-dimensional specimen analysis. Objective.— To assess the feasibility of integrating micro–computed tomography (micro-CT) into the perioperative evaluation of fresh surgical lung resection specimens. Design.— Fresh lung specimens from patients with a presumptive diagnosis of lung cancer were imaged with micro-CT prior to routine histopathologic and molecular analysis. Micro-CT images were assessed to determine image quality, lesion size, and distance from lesion to the nearest surgical margin. Micro-CT measurements were compared to pathologic measurements using Bland-Altman analysis. Results.— A total of 22 specimens from 21 patients were analyzed (mean image acquisition time, 13 ± 6 minutes). Histologic quality of imaged specimens was indistinguishable from a control group of nonimaged lung specimens. Artifacts, most commonly from specimen deflation (n = 8), obscured fine detail on micro-CT images of 10 specimens. Micro-CT could successfully localize the target lesion in the other 12 specimens. Distance to the nearest surgical margin was determined in 10 specimens. Agreement of micro-CT with final pathology was good, with a mean difference of −2.8% (limits of agreement −14.5% to 20.0%) for lesion size and −0.5 mm (limits of agreement −4.4 to 3.4 mm) for distance to nearest surgical margin. Conclusions.— Micro-CT of fresh surgical lung specimens is feasible and has the potential to evaluate the size and location of lesions within resection specimens, as well as distance to the nearest surgical margin, all without compromising specimen integrity.

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Badman, Steven G., Sara F. E. Bell, Judith A. Dean, Jime Lemoire, Luke Coffey, Joseph Debattista, Andrew M. Redmond, Owain D. Williams, Charles F. Gilks und David M. Whiley. „Reduced sensitivity from pooled urine, pharyngeal and rectal specimens when using a molecular assay for the detection of chlamydia and gonorrhoea near the point of care“. Sexual Health 17, Nr. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh19028.

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Background The aim of this study was to compare the performance of pooled self-collected urogenital, pharyngeal and anorectal specimens to that of individual specimen results for the molecular detection of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) near the point of care (POC) for diagnostic sensitivity. Methods: Clients (mostly men who have sex with men) attending an urban community testing service and three sex-on-premises venues in Brisbane, Australia, were offered CT and NG testing by trained lay providers. Participants provided three self-collected specimens (urine, pharyngeal and rectal) for testing by GeneXpert (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA). If any of the individual specimens from a participant were positive, all three specimens were pooled and retested. Results: Of the 388 participants who provided three individual anatomical specimens, 76 (19.6%) were found to be positive for CT and/or NG at one or more sites. The pooling approach failed to detect five CT rectal and four NG pharyngeal infections. The overall performance (sensitivity) of the pooling approach compared with individual specimen testing and Cohen’s κ were 90.0% and 0.86 respectively for CT and 89.7% and 0.89 respectively for NG. Conclusions: Reduced sensitivity was observed when using pooled specimens for the detection of CT and NG using GeneXpert near the POC, similar to results reported in laboratory-based CT and NG pooling studies. These data suggest specimen pooling is feasible near to the POC, potentially saving time and costs when screening at-risk populations for CT and NG. Our data also suggest a reduction in pooled urine could improve overall test sensitivity.

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SARTORI, MICHEL, MARTIN KUBIAK und PETER MICHALIK. „Deciphering genital anatomy of rare, delicate and precious specimens: first study of two type specimens of mayflies using micro-computed X-ray tomography (Ephemeroptera; Heptageniidae)“. Zoosymposia 11 (18.11.2016): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zoosymposia.11.1.7.

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The use of non-invasive techniques to study a wide array of zoological specimens has been increasing considerably during the 21st century. Among these techniques, micro-computed X-ray tomography (μ-CT) is gaining much attention. This method may allow access to hardly visible and internal structures of valuable specimens (e.g. type specimens) through virtual dissections. We studied two type specimens of Ephemeroptera belonging to the family Heptageniidae using μ-CT; the male lectotype of Epeorella borneonia Ulmer, 1939 (pinned specimen) and the male holotype of Rhithrogeniella ornata Ulmer, 1939 (specimen in ethanol). These specimens are the only male adults known in their respective genera; hence a detailed description of their genitalia could reveal important taxonomic and phylogenetic information. We present here the first-ever μ-CT study of mayfly type specimens, and confirm that male genitalia of R. ornata lack titillators, whereas those of E. borneonia possess a pair of titillators which were concealed within the penis lobes.

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Ferrero, Dennis V., Holly N. Meyers, Diane E. Schultz und Stephen A. Willis. „Performance of the Gen-Probe AMPLIFIED Chlamydia Trachomatis Assay in Detecting Chlamydia trachomatis in Endocervical and Urine Specimens from Women and Urethral and Urine Specimens from Men Attending Sexually Transmitted Disease and Family Planning Clinics“. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, Nr. 11 (1998): 3230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.11.3230-3233.1998.

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The Gen-Probe AMPLIFIED Chlamydia Trachomatis Assay (AMP CT) uses transcription-mediated amplification and hybridization protection assay procedures to qualitatively detect Chlamydia trachomatisrRNA in urine, endocervical swab, and urethral specimens. The performance of the AMP CT was compared to that of cell culture for endocervical swab and urine specimens from women and urethral and urine specimens from men. Analysis of specimens with discrepant results was performed by a combination of reculture, direct fluorescent-antibody (DFA) staining of specimen sediment, and amplification which targeted a different chlamydial rRNA. A total of 800 urine samples were tested by the AMP CT (607 from women and 193 from men), and 7.1% were positive for C. trachomatis, with a sensitivity of 91.2% and a specificity of 99.6% upon discrepant analysis. A total of 926 swab specimens were tested by culture and AMP CT (717 endocervical swab specimens and 209 urethral swab specimens from men), and 7.7% were positive for C. trachomatis, with a sensitivity and specificity of 100% upon discrepant analysis. The AMP CT is a sensitive and specific nucleic acid hybridization assay for the detection of C. trachomatis in endocervical swab specimens from women, urethral swab specimens from men, and urine specimens from men and women.

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Cai, Li Xun, Lei Jin und Chen Bao. „On Fracture Mechanics Testing Technique Based on Compliance of Specimens“. Key Engineering Materials 385-387 (Juli 2008): 293–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.385-387.293.

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Based on compliance testing of a straight-notch compact tensile (SN-CT) or a single edge bending (SEB) specimen, this paper present a formula with increment form to calculate plastic part of J-integral, two formulas for a SN-CT specimen and a SEB specimen to transform crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) v0 to the crack opening displacement (COD) q along load line, and simplified formulas to estimate crack length a and effective young’s modulus E. Furthermore, the relation between v and q of the SN-CT specimens of 45 steel and SEB specimens of 30Cr steel were investigated. The results show that the formulas to describe the relation between the ratio v/q and the dimensionless crack length a/w of the specimens accord with the testing results better.

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Wang,, Xiang, Xiangyi Liu, and und Glen L. Niebur. „Preparation of On-Axis Cylindrical Trabecular Bone Specimens Using Micro-CT Imaging“. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 126, Nr. 1 (01.02.2004): 122–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1645866.

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The Orientation of trabecular bone specimens for mechanical testing must be carefully controlled. A method for accurately preparing on-axis cylindrical specimens using high-resolution micro-CT imaging was developed. Sixteen cylindrical specimens were prepared from eight bovine tibiae. High-resolution finite element models were generated from micro-CT images of parallelepipeds and used to determine the principal material coordinate system of each parallelepiped. A cylindrical specimen was then machined with a diamond coring bit. The resulting specimens were scanned again to evaluate the orientation. The average deviation between the principal fabric orientation and the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical specimen was only 4.70±3.11°.

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Muren, C., und C. Ytterbergh. „Computed Tomography of Temporal Bone Specimens“. Acta Radiologica. Diagnosis 27, Nr. 6 (November 1986): 645–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028418518602700605.

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Ten deep-frozen temporal bone specimens were subjected to computed tomography (CT) in five different projections. The possibility of identifying small structures, such as the ossicles and aqueductal lumina, was assessed. In addition, the semicircular canals were measured. Subsequently corresponding measurements were carried out on plastic casts of these specimens for comparison. A temporal bone specimen is well suited as a test object for evaluating the detectability of small and dense natural structures by CT.

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Qiu, H., C. C. Hsu, E. K. Fishman, R. Tuli, C. L. Wolfgang, B. H. Edil, R. H. Hruban, L. Zheng, D. Laheru und J. M. Herman. „Correlation between pancreatic tumor size as measured on 3D CT scan versus pathologic specimen: Impact on radiation treatment volume.“ Journal of Clinical Oncology 29, Nr. 4_suppl (01.02.2011): 276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.29.4_suppl.276.

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276 Background: Definition of the target volume for irradiation of pancreatic cancer (PCA) must balance coverage of micrometastatic disease with toxicity. To determine differences between radiographically defined tumors and true pathologic tumor specimens, we correlated the maximum tumor diameter (TD) of preoperatively imaged tumors with resected tumor specimens. Methods: With IRB approval, a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent resection of PCA between 2006 and 2010 was conducted. 73 patients were identified with preoperative CT imaging and pathologic analysis of tumors. 70 of 73 patients had a preoperative 3D CT performed. The TD as measured by a radiologist (EF) on contrast CT and 3D CT reconstruction was compared with that measured by pathological analysis of the resected specimen. Results: 70 patients underwent resection with preoperative CT imaging; 14.1% of these patients had CT performed >6 weeks prior to surgery. The mean (SD) pathologic maximum TD was 31.3 mm (11.3) with range 3 mm to 60 mm. Whereas TD was underestimated by 1.9 mm (1.7 SE) with CT relative to pathologic analysis, this difference was not statistically significant (paired t-test, p=0.27) with a correlation coefficient of 0.265. 3D CT imaging had a smaller mean difference with a mean 3D CT diameter 0.4 mm (1.76 SE) larger than the pathologic specimen (p=0.82) with correlation coefficient 0.222. However, the max TD on 3D CT imaging was on average 2.3 mm larger than on CT (p=0.016) with correlation coefficient 0.798. Of patients with R0 resections (N=48), CT underestimated path size by 3.1 mm (p=0.020), whereas 3D CT was slightly larger (0.1 mm, p=0.949). For R1 resections (n=22), both CT and 3D CT overestimated size (0.8 mm and 1.1 mm, respectively, p>0.5). Conclusions: PCA TD is generally underestimated on CT imaging, yet better approximated with 3D CT. Improved correlation was seen between CT and pathologic specimens following R0 resection. Alternatively, R1 resection specimens were slightly overestimated by CT/3D CT imaging. As a result, clinical target volumes should be expanded accordingly during radiotherapy planning to properly account for these discrepancies in the gross tumor. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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al-Najami, Issam, Regina G. H. Beets-Tan, Gunvor Madsen und Gunnar Baatrup. „Dual-Energy CT of Rectal Cancer Specimens“. Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 59, Nr. 7 (Juli 2016): 640–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/dcr.0000000000000601.

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BRANCO, R., F. V. ANTUNES und R. F. MARTINS. „Modelling fatigue crack propagation in CT specimens“. Fatigue & Fracture of Engineering Materials & Structures 31, Nr. 6 (Juni 2008): 452–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2008.01241.x.

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Dissertationen zum Thema "CT specimens"

Rádsetoulal, Milan. „Hodnocení lomového chování svarových spojů používaných v energetickém průmyslu“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-442748.

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This thesis is focused on assessment of fracture behaviour of heterogeneous welded joint. The goal is to determine fracture behaviour at the interface of ferritic base metal and austenitic weld metal at temperature of 255°C. This kind of weld is widely used at energy industry. Fracture toughness was evaluated using CT specimens with size 0,5T in order to determine the initiation values of stable crack propagation. Fracture behaviour of the weld is correlated with results of metallography and fractography analysis. Both light and scanning electron microscopy is used for fractography analysis. An assessment of fracture behaviour of the interface of the weld joint is first of all connected with a need of suitable location of cycled crack to the interface of metals. In the case of well-prepared crack the lowest values of J-integral are observed. In other cases of slight crack deviation from the notch plane fracture values increase. Due to a large scatter of mechanical properties of heterogeneous weld joints an increased number of test specimens is needed to obtain relevant and conservative fracture toughness values. Correlation of fracture toughness with the results of fractography analysis leads to clarification of the crack trajectory and to description of fracture mechanism.

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Lemmon, Heber. „Methods for reduced platen compression (RPC) test specimen cutting locations using micro-CT and planar radiographs“. Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/310.

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Holas, Jiří. „Testování lomové houževnatosti za vysokých teplot s využitím miniaturních CT těles“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231783.

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This master´s thesis deals with the evaluation of fracture behavior of ODS steel MA956 at high temperature range. This behavior was tested by using miniaturized CT specimens, on which were performed experiments to measure of ductile crack growth resistance curves (J-R curves). The value of the fracture toughness was determined from these J-R curves. Fracture properties were consequently evaluated by using fractographic analysis of the fracture surfaces. Structural properties of material was identified by hardness measurement and analyzed by metallographic methods. Results of the measurements show drop of the fracture toughness with respect to the increasing temperature.

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Lokvenc, Martin. „Testování lomové houževnatosti za vysokých teplot s využitím miniaturních CT těles“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231784.

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This thesis deals with a high temperature testing of fracture toughness and studies the size effect on measured values using miniature size CT specimen. Two types of specimen geometry were manufactured from P91 steel, the standard size and the quarter size specimen. J-R curves were obtained in the temperature range from 23°C to 600°C. No specimen size effect was observed at room temperature tests. The realized experiments together with fractography analysis demonstrated the drop of toughness at 400°C caused by the effect of dynamic strain aging.

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Mrňa, Tomáš. „Vliv velikosti tělesa na R-křivku a na otupení čela trhliny“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-242858.

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The thesis deals with the determination of fracture toughness using compact tension (CT) test specimens at elevated and high temperatures. The experimental material steel P91 designated for application at temperatures 550650°C was used. The fracture toughness in the ductile fracture region of the steel was characterized by the R curve, which characterises the resistance against crack propagation depending on the crack length. The effect of temperature on the R curve at range 23600°C was evaluated. Next the specimen size effect using three sizes of CT specimens at 23°C and the effect of loading rate (2, 0,2 a 0,02 mm/min) at 600°C was examined. The results showed that the temperature has distinct effect on the R-curve, which yields minimal values at 400°C. Only the smallest test specimen size with thickness 6.25mm showed the specimen size effect giving about 10% lower values of toughness comparing to larger specimens. The effect of loading rate was clearly distinguishable. The values of toughness varied about 20% of the toughness value comparing individual loading rate.

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Jelínek, Vladimír. „Lomové chování tepelně ovlivněné oblasti heterogenního svarového spoje“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230215.

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The study deals with mechanical characteristic of heterogeneous weld joint. The low carbon steel 22K and austenitic steel have been used as a experimetnal materials. The low carbon steel has special properties in basic condition. The sample has been evaluated in basic condition and after annealation. There have been evaluated impact of annealation proces to structure and mechanical charakteristics in experimental part of study. The particularised analysis of microstructure has been done by pictorial analysis. Mechanical characteristics has been examinated in both conditions by 2 different methods – measurment of microhardness according to Vickers and test of fracture toughness on compact tension specimens.

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Vlk, Václav. „Mechanické vlastnosti a lomové chování svarových spojů a základních materiálů přívodního potrubí vodní turbíny“. Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231314.

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The master thesis is focussed on evaluation of mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of basic materials and weld joints of a water turbine supply pipe. The results of tensile tests, fracture toughness tests, hardness and micro-hardness tests and further chemical and metallography analysis are used for operating degradation level evaluation of the construction material and also for a residual operating recognition of the second, identical specimen of supply pipe.

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De, Donno Giulia. „Three dimensional strain analysis of vertebrae with artificial metastases through digital volume correlation“. Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/19911/.

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Bone is a common site for metastases and spine represent the most frequent site. Lytic lesions are associated with the loss of bone tissue, which can compromise the mechanical competence of the vertebra, leading to spine instability. Rigid stabilization is a solution, but it is a complex surgery, that can be very critical for oncologic patients; on the other hand, an untreated metastasis can lead to mechanical failure of the bone, leading to pain, immobilization and in the worst case, paralysis. In this study, a protocol to analyse the strain with simulated lytic metastasis under compressive loading has been developed and optimized using a porcine vertebra. The strain distribution has been measured experimentally using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and Digital Volume Correlation (DVC), which provided three-dimensional displacements and strains maps inside the specimen. The ideal parameters for the DVC have been found by analysing two repeated scans in constant strain condition and setting a target of 200 microstrain for the errors (one order of magnitude lower than typical strains in bone subjected to physiological loading conditions). An ideal nodal spacing of 50 voxels (approximately 2 mm) has been chosen and a voxel detection algorithm has been applied to all data to remove regions outside the bone. In order to understand how the presence of the defect could alter the strain distribution, the porcine vertebra has also been subjected to non-destructive compressive load before and after the preparation of a mechanically induced lytic metastasis in the vertebral body. An increase of the 40% of the compressive principal strain after the defect has been found in proximity of the lesion. This protocol will be used in future studies to analyse the effect of size and position of artificially metastatic lesions in the vertebral body of human spines.

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Xu, Xiao-Hong, und 許曉弘. „EndoFEM studies on mode I crack growth mechanical behavior of A12024-T3 CT specimens“. Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04926904846840931792.

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Hu, Wei-Zhang, und 胡偉章. „EndoFEM/COD Crack Growth Simulations of Al2024-T3 on CT Specimen“. Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70083968946377989121.

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Bücher zum Thema "CT specimens"

Talja, Heli. Nordic numerical round robin for a side-grooved CT-specimen. Espoo: Technical Research Centre of Finland, 1989.

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Larsen, Gunner C. Elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis of a CT-specimen: - a two-dimensional approach. Roskilde, Denmark: Riso National Laboratory, 1986.

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Hansoti, Bhakti. Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0028.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is most commonly known for its manifestations in the lungs; symptoms include fever and chest pain (retrosternal pain and/or dull intracapsular pain). In the reactivation stage of TB, typical symptoms may include cough, weight loss, fatigue, fever, night sweats, chest pain, dyspnea, and/or hemoptysis. Symptoms may remain undiagnosed for several years. Poverty, HIV, and drug resistance are major contributors to the resurging global TB epidemic. Two kinds of tests are used to detect TB: the tuberculin skin test or a TB blood test. These tests only tell you if a person has been infected with the bacteria. The do not differentiate between latent TB infection and active TB. This distinction clinically suspected when the clinical picture of active TB matches with initial investigations (such as acid-fast bacilli stains, chest x-ray, or CT) and is definitively confirmed by the growth of M. tuberculosis in a clinical specimen.

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Buchteile zum Thema "CT specimens"

Zülch, Klaus-Joachim. „Correlations of CT Scan Patterns with Pathoanatomical Specimens“. In The Cerebral Infarct, 21–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70765-0_2.

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Truong, TrungDung, Takayuki Kitasaka, Kensaku Mori und Yasuhito Suenaga. „Simulation of Stomach Specimens Generation Based on Deformation of Preoperative CT Images“. In Biomedical Simulation, 178–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11790273_20.

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Valo, Matti J., Tapio K. Planman und Kim R. Wallin. „Rotation Point and KJC Estimations for Miniature CT-Specimens Based on Off-Load Line Displacement“. In Small Specimen Test Techniques: 6th Volume, 1–11. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp157620140010.

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Walter, H., C. Bierögel, W. Grellmann, M. Fedtke und B. Michel. „Fracture Mechanics Testing of Modified Epoxy Resins with Mini-Compact Tension (CT) Specimens“. In Deformation and Fracture Behaviour of Polymers, 519–30. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04556-5_37.

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Kutay, M. „Computation of Aggregate Contact Points, Orientation and Segregation in Asphalt Specimens Using their X-Ray CT Images“. In Advances in Computed Tomography for Geomaterials, 108–16. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118557723.ch13.

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Vicente, Miguel A., Gonzalo Ruiz, Dorys C. González, Jesús Mínguez, Manuel Tarifa und Xiaoxing Zhang. „Study of Crack Patterns of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete (FRC) Specimens Subjected to Static and Fatigue Testings Using CT-Scan Technology“. In Short Fibre Reinforced Cementitious Composites and Ceramics, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00868-0_1.

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Roque-Torres, Gina Delia. „Application of Micro-CT in Soft Tissue Specimen Imaging“. In Micro-computed Tomography (micro-CT) in Medicine and Engineering, 139–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16641-0_10.

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Seshadri, B. R., B. Dattaguru und T. S. Ramamurthy. „Three-Dimensional Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Analysis of Crack Closure in CT Specimen“. In Contemporary Research in Engineering Science, 491–515. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80001-6_28.

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Sakaguchi, Motoki, Takeshi Tsuru und Masakazu Okazaki. „Fatigue Crack Propagation in Thin-Wall Superalloys Component; Experimental Investigation via Miniature CT Specimen“. In Superalloys 2012, 431–37. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118516430.ch47.

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Moriya, Takayasu, Hirohisa Oda, Midori Mitarai, Shota Nakamura, Holger R. Roth, Masahiro Oda und Kensaku Mori. „Unsupervised Segmentation of Micro-CT Images of Lung Cancer Specimen Using Deep Generative Models“. In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 240–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32226-7_27.

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Konferenzberichte zum Thema "CT specimens"

Sokolov, Mikhail A. „Use of Mini-CT Specimens for Fracture Toughness Characterization of Low Upper-Shelf Linde 80 Weld“. In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65904.

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Any fracture toughness specimen that can be made out of the broken halves of standard Charpy specimens may have exceptional utility for evaluation of reactor pressure vessels since it would allow one to determine and monitor directly actual fracture toughness instead of requiring indirect predictions using correlations established with impact data. The Charpy V-notch specimen is the most commonly used specimen geometry in surveillance programs and most likely to be used in advanced reactors as per ASME code. The advantage of the Mini-CT specimen technique is that multiple specimens can be machined from one half of a broken Charpy specimen, used in a standard surveillance capsule of a reactor pressure vessel. Up to now, most of the work on validation of this type of the specimens has been performed on base metal. In this study, Mini-CT specimens were used to perform fracture toughness characterization of low upper-shelf Linde 80 weld, designated WF-70. This weld was utilized in the Midland beltline weld and has been previously well characterized at ORNL with various types and sizes of fracture toughness specimens. The Mini-CT specimens were machined from broken previously tested Charpy V-notch specimens. Despite very small size and relatively small number of Mini-CT specimen tested, the transition fracture toughness temperature, To, derived from these Mini-CT specimens is in very good correspondence with To reported from analysis of a large number of larger fracture toughness specimens.

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Chaouadi, Rachid, Marlies Lambrecht und Robert Gérard. „Crack Resistance Curve Measurement With Miniaturized CT Specimen“. In ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84690.

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The use of miniature compact tension (mini-CT) specimens for fracture mechanics was experimentally demonstrated to allow the characterization of ferritic steels in the transition regime. In particular, the master curve transition temperature T0 can confidently be determined according to the ASTM E1921 standard using mini-CT specimens. This means that specimen size effect is well taken into account if loss of constraint is limited by restricting the test temperature range to remain below the allowed maximum loading level. In the upper shelf ductile regime, where stable crack growth occurs, a number of challenges should be overcome to use such a geometry to derive the crack resistance curve, or JR-curve, transferrable to a structure. Indeed, despite a large scatter, the experimental data on several materials suggest a size effect that underestimates the crack resistance when reducing specimen size. The crack resistance behavior of several reactor pressure vessel materials was investigated with square-sized ligament compact tension specimens of various size ranging from 1 inch-thickness (B = 25 mm) to the smallest thickness (B = 4.2 mm) of the mini-CT. The main objective of this paper is to estimate the crack resistance behavior of RPV steels that would be obtained with a standard 1T-CT specimen by using mini-CT with the appropriate specimen size correction. After a series of scaling attempts that were not successful, based on a simple dimensional analysis, a simple analytical formulation based on specimen thickness and ligament is suggested to account for specimen size effect for the CT geometry. Reasonable agreement could generally be found on a number of RPV materials between crack resistance measured with mini-CT and standard 1T-CT specimens.

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Konosu, Shinji, Takehiro Inoue und Yoshiaki Murakami. „Evaluation of the Internal Hydrogen-Induced Threshold Stress Intensity Factor in 2.25Cr-1Mo Steels Determined by the Offset Potential Drop Method“. In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65505.

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The single specimen offset potential drop method has been applied to obtain the internal hydrogen-induced threshold stress intensity factor KIH in Cr-Mo steels by using small-sized 12.7-mm-thick ASTM CT-specimens (1/2T-CT).The subcommittee on Hydrogen Embrittlement in the Material Division of the Japan Pressure Vessel Research Council (JPVRC) had been investigating internal hydrogen embrittlement by using 25.4mm thick compact tension specimens (1T-CT(1/2): B = 25.4mm, W = 25.4mm, 2H = 30.5mm), to enable an adequate supply of hydrogen from the uncracked region of the specimen near a crack tip to the crack tip zone during the experiment under normal atmospheric conditions. In the present study, tests were performed on 1/2T-CT specimens under a mixed load control and grip-displacement control aimed at achieving a reduction in the test execution time. It was found that the threshold stress intensity factors for the 1/2T-CT specimens exhibited virtually the same behavior as those obtained in the previous studies using the 1T-CT (1/2) specimens.

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Torimaru, Tadahiko, Masanari Sugiyama, Hiroshi Sakamoto, Shigeaki Tanaka und Tomomi Nakamura. „Fracture Toughness Estimation for Small CT Specimen of Austenitic Stainless Steels Using Stretched Zone Width“. In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75233.

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Austenitic stainless steels in boiling water reactor (BWR) core structures can experience significant fracture toughness reductions at high fluence levels of neutron irradiation. To understand the fracture toughness reductions of irradiated austenitic stainless steels is very important for integrity estimation of core internals. Larger size specimen is needed to obtain the valid JIC of high fracture toughness material. However, it is generally difficult for irradiated material to prepare the enough big specimens for taking valid fracture toughness in ASTM E1820–06 since the material volume is restricted. Stretched zone which is generated between fatigue crack and dimple surface on the CT specimen fracture surface is said to have good linear relationship with JIC. New method for JIC estimation from small CT specimen using stretched zone width was investigated. Cold-worked SUS304 was used for investigation. 0.25–1.5TCT specimens with similar figure of standard dimensions and the CT specimens with different thickness from standard dimensions were prepared for JIC tests. The correlations of specimen width, thickness, critical stretched zone width, JQ and JIC were investigated. JQ obtained from J-R curve tended to decrease with specimen width in the case of similar figure. However, JQ tended to increase with thickness decrease in the case of CT specimen with different thickness from standard dimensions. On the other hand, critical stretched zone width showed the tendency to decrease with thickness decrease in the case of CT specimen with different thickness from standard dimensions. The equation for JIC estimation of invalid small CT specimens was designed by regression analysis using the above relationship. The prediction accuracy achieved within plus-minus 30%.

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Shao-Lun, Liu, und Xie Ji-Zhou. „Improvement of a Cycle J Integral for CT-Specimens“. In ASME 1985 Beijing International Gas Turbine Symposium and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/85-igt-66.

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The cycle J integral formula for CT-specimens has been improved as follows Δ J = 2 B b a 1 • U + a 2 • Δ δ + 2 B b U e { -1.2025 a w + 0.6233 0.3 ⩽ a w ⩽ 0.53 -0.02 Sin ⁡ π 0.23 a w - 0.53 0.53 < a w < 0.95 This formula is applicable to the fatigue crack propagation range of 0.3 ≤a/w<0.95. In comparision with other formulae of cycle J integral, the application range of the above expression is enlarged and its precision is also increased to a certain extent.

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Watanabe, Daigo, und Kiminobu Hojo. „Application of Gurson Model to Different Constraint Specimens“. In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28963.

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This paper introduces the application of Gurson model to simulate the ultimate ductile failure of three types of specimens with different constraints. Fracture tests were conducted using three kinds of notched round bar tensile specimens with different notch radii, a flat plate tensile specimen with a centered semielliptical surface flaw and a 1/2TCT specimen. Using the test results of the notched round bar tensile specimens, the Gurson model parameters were determined from the literatures, fracture observation and experimental design calculations. After fixing the Gurson parameters, they were applied to the flat plate tensile specimen and the 1/2TCT specimen model. As a. result Gurson model could simulate the fracture behavior of the flat plate with good accuracy, on the other hand there was a large difference with the test result of the CT specimen. In order to determine the Gurson model parameters universally and quickly, the blind optimization calculations were performed without arbitrariness. Three of five parameters were in the same order of the parameters by the 1st consideration and the others were in the different order. However the blind optimization parameters could show the similar simulation results of the fracture behaviors of the flat plate and 1TCT specimen as the 1st consideration parameters. The further investigation suggested the reason of the different behavior of the CT specimen model may be the different stress distribution, bending component dominant in the cracked ligament of the CT specimen from those of the other models. Additionally the accuracy of the local strain criteria according to ASME Sec. VIII Division 2 was confirmed.

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Wenman, Mark R., und Robert D. Plant. „Simple Model of Lu¨ders Behaviour in a Novel Compact Tension Specimen for Investigation of Residual Stress Effects“. In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93450.

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Residual stress effects on defects have been investigated by the use of a novel compact tension (CT) specimen. Mild steel CT specimens have been preloaded in compression to generate a plastic zone around the notch prior to precracking. Upon unloading, the specimen contains a residual tensile stress, around the notch tip, into which a defect such as a prefatigue crack can be introduced. The effect of the residual stress on fatigue crack growth and final fracture is then investigated. Here, the uniaxial tensile behaviour of the steel used shows Piobert-Lu¨ders behaviour typical of certain ferritic pressure vessel steels. The mechanical preloading process has been modelled via a finite element (FE) analysis. The plastic deformation behaviour, taken from tensile test data, has been incorporated into the CT specimen model, first ignoring the Lu¨ders behaviour and then including it via a simple plastic model of the phenomenon. The model of Lu¨ders behaviour was tested on a FE model, of an uniaxial tensile test, before it was applied to the CT specimen. The result of this test was the generation of a realistic propagating band of plastic instability along the gauge length of the tensile specimen. Results for FE models of CT specimens, with and without the Lu¨ders behaviour, were then compared to real preloaded CT specimens. The models using only a lower yield point and ignoring Lu¨ders behaviour under predict the deformation of real specimens. The incorporation of plastic data containing an upper yield point predicts with reasonable accuracy the preloading cycle and as a result the shape of the residual stress field generated. Hardness maps have been made, by the use of scanning indentation mechanical microprobe (SIMM), of the free surface, of preloaded specimens. These maps reveal the strain profile of the surface and Lu¨ders bands emanating from the notch region are clearly visible. The FE model of the CT specimen, including Lu¨ders behaviour, shows Von Mises stress contours in a similar pattern to the Lu¨ders bands in the real specimen. Finally, some specimens were precracked, using cyclic compression, and then fractured at lower shelf temperatures (-140°C) to reveal the precrack shape; this matched the predicted shape of the maximum principal stress field responsible for driving crack growth. The lower shelf fracture toughness of preloaded specimens was found to be considerably reduced from reference toughness specimens with no preload. This suggests that the tensile residual stress was dominant over any benefit gained from warm pre-stressing the material.

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Atago, Yasushi, Shunichi Hatano und Eiichiro Otsuka. „Development of Reconstitution Technology for Surveillance Specimens“. In 10th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone10-22629.

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The Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation (JAPEIC) has been carrying out the project titled “Nuclear Power Plant Integrated Management Technology (PLIM)” consigned by Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) since 1996FY as a 10-years project. As one of the project themes, development of reconstitution technology for reactor pressure vessel (RPV/RV) surveillance specimens, which are installed in RPVs to monitor the neutron irradiation embrittlement on RPV/RV materials, is now on being carried out to deal with the long-term operation of nuclear power plants. The target of this theme is to establish the technical standard for applicability of reconstituted surveillance specimens including the reconstitution of the Charpy specimens and Compact Tension (CT) specimens. With the Charpy specimen reconstitution, application of 10mm length inserts is used, which enables the conversion of tests from the LT-direction to the TL-direction. This paper presents the basic data from Charpy and CT specimens of RPV materials using the surveillance specimens obtained for un-irradiated materials including the following. 1) Reconstitution Technology of Charpy Specimens. a) The interaction between plastic zone and Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). b) The effects of the possible deviations from the standard specimens for the reconstituted specimens. 2) Reconstitution Technology of CT specimens. a) The correlation between fracture toughness and plastic zone width. Because the project is now in progress, this paper describes the outline of the results obtained as of the end of 2000 FY.

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Chaouadi, Rachid, Eric van Walle, Marc Scibetta und Robert Gérard. „On the Use of Miniaturized CT Specimens for Fracture Toughness Characterization of RPV Materials“. In ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63607.

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The tendency to reduce specimen size for fracture toughness characterization of structural materials is gaining a spectacular interest in particular for irradiated materials. Indeed, the miniaturized compact tension (mini-CT) with a size of 10×10×4.2 mm is becoming very popular. With such a small volume, a large number of mini-CT specimens can be extracted from broken Charpy impact specimens and therefore makes this geometry very attractive and consequently several round robin exercises are organized to qualify this geometry. SCK•CEN has gained a lot of experience since the first usage of this geometry more than a decade ago. This geometry was qualified and tested in both unirradiated as well as irradiated condition. This paper overviews the SCK•CEN experience using the mini-CT geometry for fracture toughness characterization. In particular, it discusses the reliability of this geometry in comparison to large specimens such as the precracked Charpy and compares the advantages and limitations of such a geometry to derive some recommendations.

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De Finis, R., D. Palumbo und U. Galietti. „Energetic approach to study the plastic behaviour in CT specimens“. In 2018 Quantitative InfraRed Thermography. QIRT Council, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21611/qirt.2018.133.

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Berichte der Organisationen zum Thema "CT specimens"

Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for LC_TA01_130709: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 1 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1144758.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LH03_130815: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 2 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133108.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LH02_130814: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 1 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133109.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LT04_130724: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 3 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133926.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LT02_130722: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 1 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133927.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LT03_130723: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 2 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133928.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LH04_130822: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 3 of 3. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133929.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LP03_130703: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 3 of 4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133930.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LP04_130708: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 4 of 4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133931.

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Seetho, I., K. Morales, W. White und H. Martz. Summary Statistics for TA_LP01_130624: Micro-CT Data Acquired at LLNL, Specimen 1 of 4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1133932.

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