Dissertationen zum Thema „Crimes contre les femmes – Psychologie“
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Sanchez, Marianne. „Violences sexuelles au sein du couple : profils de victimisation sexuelle et exploration phénoménologique chez les femmes victimes de violences conjugales“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIntimate partner violence is a complex and multifaceted phenomenon. It includes physical, psychological, sexual, economic and administrative violence, and is the most common form of violence against women worldwide. Intimate partner sexual violence includes any non-consensual sexual activity within a partnership that is obtained using force, threat or coercion. Despite its detrimental effects on mental health, intimate partner sexual violence remains under-researched, limiting our ability to understand and address the problem. The main objective of this thesis is to contribute to the understanding of the sexual dimension of intimate partner violence. Three research questions are addressed: what situations of sexual victimization (types of acts, frequency) are intimate partner violence victims exposed to? What are the associated clinical characteristics among victims? And how is sexual violence experienced and interpreted when perpetrated by a partner?Methods. After performing a literature review, data from a first cross-sectional study of a sample of female victims of intimate partner violence (N=93), collected through self and third party administered questionnaires, were subjected to cluster and comparative statistical analyses. Data from a second study, collected through non-directive interviews with women who disclosed sexual violence by their partner (N=7), were the subject of an interpretative phenomenological analysis.The results of the quantitative study indicate that 65.6% of the women in the sample had experienced intimate partner sexual violence. Four clusters were identified, corresponding to different contexts: « highly frequent rapes » (5.4%), « predominant sexual coercion » (20.4%), « medium frequency of all forms » (20.4%), and « low frequency of all forms » (19.4%). This study highlights the significant heterogeneity of sexual violence situations within violent relationships, and the tendency of sexually victimized women to suffer from more pronounced symptoms of complex post-traumatic stress disorder. The qualitative study identified five key themes in the lived experience of victims: the impact of a pre-existing sexual dynamic on sexual violence, which helps to « set the stage »; an experience of dehumanization; the pain of an intense cognitive load, associated with trying to understand the aggressions; a process of retrospective reinterpretation of sexual violence, after separation; and the feeling of a psychological impact that is still present despite the separation. This study reveals how emotional distress and cognitive uncertainty are present prior to sexual violence, during sexual violence, and continue after separation. It also shows how victims interpret it in terms of their own vulnerability, at the intersection of traumatic childhood history and insecure attachment This work contributes to improving knowledge about a sensitive and poorly understood topic. The implications for prevention, training of professionals, detection and psychotherapy are discussed. More research is needed to move toward a comprehensive approach that integrates the multiple dimensions and complexities of intimate partner violence
Rutayisire, kibaki Aristide. „Interculturation des jeunes issus des viols génocidaires perpétrés sur les femmes tutsies en 1994 : approche interculturelle d’une construction identitaire complexe“. Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRWANDA was the worst scene of Tutsi genocide. Women have been victims of genocidal rape and from those rapes come children, bearing the brunt of maternal suffering, perhaps also the hope of their families. The initial trauma since their conception and their brutality in an indescribable cultural environment have placed these young people in a very difficult situation, even impossible, with a problematic identification characterized by the reference to both the genocidal rapist, the father, and to the survivor of the genocide, the raped mother. These young people are and become the materiality of crime, a product of unspeakable cruelty. How do they take-on their problematic intercultural identity ? How do they assume cleavage and tearing ?
De, Angeli Aglaia. „Femmes et crimes à Shanghai sous la République : 1912-1949“. Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/de-angeli_a.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleShanghai between the two world wars was known as the Chicago of the East. The beautiful life and the crime were part of this stereotype. The main topic of this thesis is the common crime by and against women, thus the organized crime and political crimes are generally not taken into account. The crime as a social phenomenon difficult to ascertain as it by its nature tends to be hidden from the public eye being an expression of social marginality. Common crimes in relation to the women are taken into analysis from a social point of view so that women are analyzed both as criminals and as victims of the crime. The subject of crime and woman is particularly interesting because during the Republican times Chinese women were emancipated and became freer from the family which once controlled and protected them. These research enquiries into on which occasions they infringed the law, how women became convicted, to which socio-professional category they belonged. The same questions are put to the cases in which the women were the victims. The relations between the attacker and the victim, woman and man or simply between women are a subject for the analysis. Specific themes of this research, centered on the Republican Shanghai, are the following: crime and women, Chinese law and extraterritoriality, the institutions for public order and the social sciences. This thesis is divided into two parts: the first part is dedicated to the crime and the other part to the subjects related to the crime such as the law, the institutions for public order and the social sciences. The crime is the topic of the chapter (N. 1) that presents the overall situation in China and Shanghai. It analyzes the tendencies during the decades and compares men and women. It also takes into account the organized crime in the city. The chapters on the crimes against the person and the goods (N. 5 and 6) present the criminal acts perpetrated by the women or suffered by them. They are based on the primary sources such the courts sentences or reports by the police and the prison administration. The data is presented in a chronological order according to the crime category. The second part is subdivided in three chapters on crime as the subject of the law, crime on theoretical and practical levels, and on the social sciences used as a method of analysis. The law is the topic of a chapter (N. 2), which analyzes the Chinese law as a legal discipline in transformation throughout the first half of the twentieth century. Starting from the last reforms of the Qing dynasty, the Chinese law is transformed according to the Western model to bring about the rendition of the exterritoriality right obtained by the foreigners by the unequal treaties. This chapter analyzes the reason for this difference in treatment, which was the basis of the jurisprudential specificity of Shanghai and for the presence - at the same time - of the police and legal institutions of the Chinese municipality and also of the two foreign concessions. The evolution of the public order institutions in Shanghai (N. 3) are presented in a chronological order within the urban landscape. The increase in manpower as well as in the numbers of police stations, courts, prisons and houses of detentions reflected the increasing population which manifested itself in the rise of the criminal phenomenon in Shanghai. Moreover, the modernization of these institutions bore witness to a new management of criminal phenomena based on criminals’ rehabilitation into society and no longer relied only on repressive methods. The chapter on social sciences (N. 4) analyses the utility of these disciplines in the study of the crime as a social phenomenon
Delicourt, Alice. „Approche psychosociale et développementale de la carrière en contexte contre-stéréotypique : l’étude du personnel féminin de la Marine nationale“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20073.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims to understand the determinants of military women’s success. We hypothesized that their performances were related to professional identifications, self-assessments (self-efficacy, performance expectations and ambition) and the value they give to their domains of life. Three studies were conducted, apprehending the performance through the results in exams, trainings and a reflexive feedback on their careers. After having controlled the threatening aspect of their professional situation and having observed that women’s performance is lower than men’s, several mediating factors on the effect of sex on performance have been highlighted. The main factor explaining the performance of women is the expectation of performance compared to their colleagues. The more they consider being at the same level as their colleagues, the more they succeed, which is directly linked to self-efficacy and to the different professional identifications. To identify themselves as a sailor is more difficult for women in the military. The less individuals value their working domain, the weaker are their results, as their level of identification to the organization. However there is no interaction with the sex, and thus it is not a gender issue. At the beginning of women’s career, the dynamics of their work identity prevails in the development of their career, pushed by their professional ambition, while the effects of their conjugal status on their performance, mediated by their domains of life enhancement, would intervene secondly
Rosenberg, Sharon M. „Rupturing the skin of memory, bearing witness to the 1989 massacre of women in Montreal“. Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ28047.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBilland, Jan. „Comment dialoguer avec des hommes auteurs de violence contre des femmes ? : Ethnographie d’un groupe réflexif“. Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD012/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis study aims to investigate the modalities and conditions of practical success in an intervention with male perpetrators of violence against women, within the perspective of gender equity promotion. METHODS. We study the work of three male professionals, who organize a reflexive group for sued male perpetrators. Following a qualitative approach, the ethnographic method was employed, combining participant observation, in-depth interviewing with the three facilitators, and document analysis. Results were analysed by contrast with a theoretical reference frame which articulated the frame of vulnerability and human rights in health, the concept of hegemonic masculinity, the feminist perspective on care, and psychodynamic approach of work. RESULTS. The results and its discussion were organized according to four axes of analysis: first, we analyze the social context and its impacts on the work process (opportunities and challenges); second, we describe and discuss forms of practical success identified within the professionals’ work; third, we focus on the subjective dimension of this work, analyzing problems encountered by the researcher and the group facilitators in interpersonal relationships with the group participants, and coping strategies developed by the facilitators; and finally, we expand the discussion of the results to understand possible contributions of health policies to the prevention of violence against women and the promotion of gender equity. CONCLUSION. Two contradictory tendencies pervade the relationship of these professionals to their work. On one side, their raised awareness of women’s viewpoints leads to their engagement as allies to feminist movements. They seek to dialogue with male perpetrators, putting their own masculine socialization at the service of the prevention of violence against women; yet on the other side, this work within masculine socialization’s typical “language games” demands a selective indifference to women’s viewpoints, especially when they don’t match male felicity projects: this cleavage is requested to maintain the empathy towards men requested to achieve successful dialogue. Paradoxically, this results in a loss of the professionals’ empathy towards women, which contradicts the (profeminist) political meaning of their work. Thus, regarding dialogue with male perpetrators of violence against women, profeminism stands simultaneously as a pre-requisite and a cumber. Although they never get rid of this paradox, the studied workers find solutions to it through their practice, hence achieving specific forms of success. The strategies developed for this purpose can inspire new care practices aimed at male perpetrators of violence against women within health services
Abu, Amara Nisrin. „Du fait divers au débat public : représentations médiatiques, sociales et politiques actuelles des violences faites aux femmes en Egypte, en Jordanie et dans les Territoires palestiniens“. Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H107.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWithin the context of international debates on violence against women, in the Middle-East this concern has been the center of recent media, political and social debates. This thesis is divided into three parts in which we analyze the different aspects of representations of violence against women in three countries, due to their common history and geographical proximity: Egypt, Jordan and the Palestinian territories. To what extent the media of these countries can deal freely with this issue? What is the role of civil society, political institutions, state and religion in the emergence of this debate? Primarily, we will expose recent research and demographic surveys in these countries. In the second part, we will discuss the role of legal, political and social institutions and the media towards this issue in all three countries. The third part will concern the qualitative analysis of 148 press articles taken from the National Arabic daily "Al Ahram International" between 2002 and 2004. To better understand the journalistic representation of different forms of violence such as the so-called "honour" crimes and "marital crimes" committed by either spouse, we chose the method of analysis content to study the journalistic discourse on these forms of violence
Delicourt, Alice. „Approche psychosociale et développementale de la carrière en contexte contre-stéréotypique : l’étude du personnel féminin de la Marine nationale“. Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20073/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis aims to understand the determinants of military women’s success. We hypothesized that their performances were related to professional identifications, self-assessments (self-efficacy, performance expectations and ambition) and the value they give to their domains of life. Three studies were conducted, apprehending the performance through the results in exams, trainings and a reflexive feedback on their careers. After having controlled the threatening aspect of their professional situation and having observed that women’s performance is lower than men’s, several mediating factors on the effect of sex on performance have been highlighted. The main factor explaining the performance of women is the expectation of performance compared to their colleagues. The more they consider being at the same level as their colleagues, the more they succeed, which is directly linked to self-efficacy and to the different professional identifications. To identify themselves as a sailor is more difficult for women in the military. The less individuals value their working domain, the weaker are their results, as their level of identification to the organization. However there is no interaction with the sex, and thus it is not a gender issue. At the beginning of women’s career, the dynamics of their work identity prevails in the development of their career, pushed by their professional ambition, while the effects of their conjugal status on their performance, mediated by their domains of life enhancement, would intervene secondly
Faucher, Mireille. „Obstacles à la dénonciation à la police des agressions sexuelles vécues par des femmes adultes“. Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24651/24651.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBasile, Evi. „Communication contre les violences faites aux femmes : de la création aux processus de réception des dispositifs de détournement du genre“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0604.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOur thesis focuses on communication combatting violence against women, and especially on plans mobilizing gender diversion. In addition, these plans integrate men (in the camera range) and include them in the target audience. These violences are acts of men as men who target women as women. They are a social and collective phenomenon. These violences are considered via the prism of women. Gender diversion refers to disturbances of socially constructed relationships, norms or representations of women and men, female and male. We seek to a better understanding of the gender diversion concept. Considering the communication mobilizing gender diversion as a form of human and social interactions, three areas for improvment emerge: the study of gender diversion forms through their plans (their creations); the empirical study of creation, the creative processes and the producers’ intentions of influence with such plans (the creatives) ; the empirical study of the reception, reception processes and influence in reception, namely on publics made up of social subjects.First, an analysis of heterogeneous gender diversion plans, allows to identify their multiple forms that illustrate the gender hypertextuality and violence. Secondly, semi-structured and explicitation interviews with creatives allow the study of gender diversion creation. Thirdly, we are looking at the gender diversion reception (focus groups and quasi experiment)
Dubec, Sophie. „Maternités et paternités infanticides dans les journaux télévisés (1962-2018) ˸ individualisation des crimes, rationalisations genrées, asymétries relationnelles“. Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030036.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCombining a sociohistory of representations and an analysis of television news items, this thesis considers how national TV news discourses (re)configure motherhood and fatherhood, masculinities and femininities, from 1962 to 2018.Infanticide was first invisibilized by the French State television, which was reluctant to portray crimes that threatened to weaken national unity, and thereafter set aside by editorial staffs unwilling to feature family disorders. It eventually gained representation in the second half of the 1980s, after the television sector was progressively opened to competition. During that period, the recognition of children as persons and the rise of figures of victimhood contributed to the simplified representation of family as a dangerous place. However, the parental dimension of the crimes was still rarely discussed: women were usually shown as sick mothers and fathers as violent men.From 2005 on, media coverage of the phenomenon exploded, before drastically falling a decade later. The showing of individualized parental figures goes hand in hand with an increased problematization of motherhood and fatherhood. While the majority of female criminals are presented as “good mothers”, the devastating effects of oblative maternity on personal well-being were given more consideration. As the part they play remains peripheral to a family unit they still depend upon, men are only very slowly embracing the culture of intimacy. All in all, media representations influence the tensions endured by motherhood and fatherhood, as they engage with second modernity: they challenge feminine identity sacrifices and the weak integration of fathers within the relational family
Ben, Wazira Lotfia Bachir. „Le sous-développement social et les violences contre les femmes dans la société libyenne avant le "printemps arabe" (2011) : enquête sur la ville de Tripoli“. Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA1021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis research concerns the "violence against women" committed in Libya. For years, this question has been asked on the national and international scene, resulting in the adoption of several law. Yet, despite this, gender-based crimes continue to be practiced in developed countries but also and especially in poor countries. To investigate the link between the violence and the state of underdevelopment, this thesis will present, in a first part, the theorical scope of the study before, in a second part, explaining the characteristics of the field survey : the Liban society. The data concerning the liffe conditions of women, and legislations affecting their will, in the third part, permit to analyse the results to a questionnaire sent to a panel of 45 men, convicted or awaiting judgement for the commission of acts of violence again women
Faustin, Thérèse Corinne. „Enjeux criminologiques et psychopathologiques des positions maternelles autour des morts d’enfants : la situation à l’Ile Maurice“. Rennes 2, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565331/fr/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe killing of a child cannot be understood outside the bonds of kinship or moral codes in force in a given society. It will not, also, go without understanding the status and importance given to a child or the representation of the individual within a given community. To address the issue of infanticide (as an act morally and criminally wrong), it seemed essential to look at the entanglement of individual and social issues surrounding the act. Mauritius has been an example for our study in comparison with the phenomenon of infanticide which is on the increase. Our observations led us to conclude that infanticide seems to be – on an intrapsychic note - the effect of displacement for the mother, underpinned by the imperative "it's me or him"; in addition, the movement takes shape at a broader level as it could also concern the societal context. The killing of a child would therefore be something to seize control of as both an intimate and social regulation, underpinned by a shift of conflict issues. Mother’s positions around deaths of children would thus be understood as being in conformity with the implicit expectations of the local society and its "microspheres". The effectiveness of sanctions is discussed and in particular issues concerning denial of women imprisoned following the murder of their child. These themes lead us to address the difference between criminal liability and accountability issues and the need for satisfying accompaniment therapeutic purposes and accountability
Galerand, Elsa. „Les rapports sociaux de sexe et leur (dé)matérialisation : retour sur le corpus revendicatif de la marche mondiale des femmes de 2000“. Thèse, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/2456/1/D1831.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRuest-Paquette, Anne-Sophie. „Analyse bioécologique des répercussions identitaires chez des survivantes adultes de harcèlement par les pairs en vertu de l'expression de genre ou de l'orientation sexuelle dans des écoles catholiques de langue française en Ontario“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66972.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCette étude doctorale narrative prend appui sur la théorie bioécologique du développement humain (Bronfenbrenner, 1977, 1994; Drapeau, 2008) afin d’examiner les interrelations entre 1) le contexte ethnolinguistique, culturel, juridique, déontologique et militant dans lequel apprennent et se développent les élèves scolarisés et socialisés sous la tutelle du système scolaire franco-ontarien (macrosystème), 2) les interactions préscolaires, parascolaires et scolaires d’anciennes écolières ayant éprouvé du harcèlement par les pairs en vertu de l’expression de genre ou de l’orientation sexuelle au sein d’établissements éducationnels de langue française en Ontario (micro et mésosystèmes) et 3) la construction identitaire de ces dernières (ontosystème). À la lumière des attitudes et des comportements d’intériorisation et d’extériorisation rapportés, le récit collectif composé suggère que les sentiments d’estime de soi, de confiance et soi et d’appartenance des participantes auraient été considérablement affaiblis sous l’effet de la persécution dont elles auraient fait l’objet. La relation qu’elles entretiennent avec leur corps, les autres, le catéchisme catholique et la normativité aurait aussi été altérée. Par-delà la stigmatisation et le harcèlement infligés à l’école, les informatrices ont implicitement ou explicitement attribué ces retombées à leur socialisation sexuelle et de genre, voire à la cohérence des habitus véhiculés relativement à l’homoérotisme et à la féminité sous les auspices du catéchisme catholique, des médias et de leur entourage respectif. Se situant à la jonction entre les prismes de l’éducation et du travail social, cette thèse multidisciplinaire vise, en définitive, à conscientiser, à sensibiliser et à responsabiliser les autorités scolaires, communautaires et universitaires ayant le pouvoir d’intervenir en faveur du mieux-être des élèves-victimes et des adultes-survivantes de harcèlement dans les écoles francoontariennes. À l’égal des recommandations émises, les résultats y sont présentés et analysés de sorte à interroger les préjugés et à interpeller l’humanité de ces actrices et ces acteurs dans le but d’influer sur leurs pratiques professionnelles et, par extension, de contribuer aux changements idéologiques et systémiques nécessaires en vue de réduire l’occurrence et l’incidence des injustices sociales perpétuées entre élèves au sein des institutions éducationnelles de l’Ontario français.
Faucher, Mireille. „Obstacles à la dénonciation à la police des agressions sexuelles vécues par des femmes adultes /“. 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24651/24651.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobichaud, Catherine. „Voix de femmes à contre-courant : modèles de leaders communautaires en Équateur“. Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3390/1/M11466.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRaymond, Émilie. „Justice pour les crimes contre l’humanité et génocides : point de vue et attentes des victimes“. Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4752.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHuman rights violations cause thousands of victims every year. Justice mechanisms, such as the International Criminal Court, have been developed to respond to these crimes, but victims remain under consulted. In this study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with Rwandan and Cambodian victims of crimes against humanity. Using social justice theories as a theoretical framework, this study examines victims’ perceptions of justice. The results show that while criminal justice is central in victims’ definition of justice, reparation and truth also are essential components. However, the criminal court’s ability to achieve truth is criticized by respondents creating a gap between the truth that they seek and the truth that they obtain. The quality of decision-making as well as how victims are treated also contribute to victims’ perception of justice. However, victims’ justice objectives vary according to the social and historic context.