Dissertationen zum Thema „Couche mince diélectrique“
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Dupe, Bertrand. „Propriétés structurales et diélectrique de BiFe03 en couche mince“. Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00646714.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKahouli, Abdelkader. „Étude des propriétés physico-chimiques et (di)-électriques du parylène C en couche mince“. Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKahouli, Abdelkader. „Etude des propriétés physico-chimiques et (di-)électriques du parylène C en couche mince“. Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT019.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work of thesis consisted in undertaking a thorough study of the physicochemical properties of theparylene C, which is a chlorinated polymer, in relationship with its electric and dielectric properties. These lastdetermined mainly the behavior of the permittivity and the dielectric losses according to the temperature (ofnitrogen up to 300 °C) on a wide frequency range (10-4Hz – 1 MHz). The analyses by x-rays diffraction showedthat this polymer had a a - monoclinical crystalline structure with a rate of crystallinity of 45 %. This rate isslightly depending on the thickness for layers thicknesses higher than 50 nm. Specific annealing applied to theparylene C made it possible to modify the rate of crystallinity and values from 30% to 75 % of crystallinitycould be obtained. A linear relation between the rate of crystallinity and the temperature of annealing wasproposed. The dielectric analyses made it possible to highlight three principal mechanisms of relaxation: b, g,a. In addition, a mechanism of interfacial polarization (Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars) was identified at hightemperature (beyond the glass transition). The molecular mobility of the chains around the glass transitionwas analyzed in-depth and the results (index of fragility, thermodynamic parameters...) were positionedcompared to the data of the literature concerning of other polymers
Bazinette, Rémy. „Effet de la forme d'excitation électrique sur une décharge contrôlée par barrière diélectrique (dbd) à la pression atmosphérique et application au dépôt de couche mince“. Thesis, Pau, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PAUU3009/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe homogeneous discharge controlled by dielectric barrier at atmospheric pressure and their applications are a promising field of activity because of their advantages in contrast with the low pressure processes, especially for the on line treatment of large surface without pumping system. The physics of these discharges as the thin film properties obtained are well established with low frequency sinusoidal (<200 kHz) and radiofrequency excitation (13.56MHz). This is what is explored in this thesis aimed to find and explore new modes of homogeneous DBD and maximizing the power to optimize the deposition rate while maintaining quality thin layers. To achieve this goal, an original device has been developed varying the excitation frequency from 100 kHz to 18 MHz. The frequency increase on this range have many consequences. In an Ar-NH3 mixture, the discharge regime becomes successively a glow (GDBD) then Townsend (TDBD) around 250 kHz then RF-DBD from 3 MHz. The electrical and optical measurements that have been done show that the average power of the homogeneous discharges increases by a factor of 30 between GDBD regime and RF-DBD regime (up to 35 W/cm3) while the breakdown voltage is reduced by a factor 6. These observations coupled to the discharge emission spectra indicate that the electron density increases by several orders of magnitude while their energy decreases. These results are due to a change of the ionization mechanism with a dominant role of the secondary electron emission at the cathode in low frequency regime (GDBD and TDBD) while the volume ionization is dominate in RF-DBD. Both transitions between GDBD-TDBD regimes and TDBD-RF-DBD are studied. The first is related to the ion transit from the anode to the cathode which becomes longer than the half-period. In consequence, the cathode fall is not formed. The second transition is related to ions and electrons trapping which depends on the applied voltage, the value of the inter-electrode space and frequency.These discharges regime are compared to Nanopulsed repetitively discharge (NPR-DBD). The conditions leading to a homogeneous discharge are found. In homogeneous regime the maximum of the discharge power is 17 W/cm3 which is 17 times higher than for a low sinusoidal voltage for the same frequency. It is obtained for a repetition frequency of 30 kHz with a 10 ns voltage pulse. Hydrogenated silica and silicon nitride thin film obtained from SiH4 with GDBD, RF-DBD and NPR-DBD were studied. In all cases, the deposition rate is defined by the discharge power. The increase of the discharge power with the frequency increases the deposition rate from 30 nm/min to 90 nm/min. However with the use of silane at room temperature, nanoparticles are formed in RF regime when the discharge power is high. The amplitude modulation allows to prevent the formation of powders. AS far as the energy injected during Ton is less than 100 μJ. As the precursors are not consumed by the formation of powders, they are available for the growth of the layer thereby doubling the deposition rate compared to the continuous process for the same average power. Increasing the growth rate without powders with the average power requires an increase in the modulation frequency (> 1 kHz) i.e. a short Ton to limit the injected energy. Thus this work has highlighted a new discharge regime, the TDBD in Ar-NH3 and compared the GDBD, TDBD, RF-DBD and NRP-DBD discharge in the same configuration. For the first time, RF-DBD coating have been made and it has been shown that modulation of plasma, although it decreases the discharge power, can significantly increase the deposition rate
Mokni, Marwa. „Optimisation et analyses des propriétés physico-chimiques et diélectriques du parylène D“. Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY080/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is mainly focused on the elaboration and the characterization of parylene D thin films of few micrometers deposited by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The goal of this study is to evaluate the potentialities of this polymer in order to replace the parylene N or C for specific applications or to integrate it in new applications. A first study consisted in evaluating the impact of the CVD process parameters (temperature of sublimation, temperature of pyrolysis, substrate temperature) on the surface morphology, the molecular structure and dielectric changes of parylene D. For that, we were based on several analyzes techniques as FTIR, XRD, DSC, TGA, AFM, SEM, DMA. Thermal stresses were applied to parylene D to evaluate their performance at high temperature (>200°C) and the changes on the crystal structure (size of crystallites, percentage of crystallinity,…) or the stability of the thermal properties (temperature of transition, temperature of crystallization, melting point) and dielectric properties (the dielectric permittivity, the dissipation factor, the electrical conductivity and the electric modulus). Dielectric and electrical properties of Parylene D were investigated by dielectric spectroscopy in a wide temperature ranges from -140°C to 350°C and frequency from 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz, respectively. (a, b and g)-relaxation mechanisms, interfacial polarization related to Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars and electrode polarization have been identified in this polymers. The dielectric performances of Parylene D have been also compared with parylenes N and C which are used in wide industrial applications. Optimized and controlled conditions of the CVD process of parylenes D are proposed in this work in relation to the properties. The obtained results open a new way for specific applications
Liang, Chenghua. „Caractérisations électriques de polymères conducteurs intrinsèques Polyaniline / Polyuréthane dans une large gamme de fréquence (DC à 20 GHz)“. Phd thesis, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00596089.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZiani, Ahmed. „Etude de nouveaux matériaux : Films minces perovskites oxynitrures, de la photocatalyse à la microélectronique“. Phd thesis, Université Européenne de Bretagne, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441375.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVandenabeele, Cédric. „Étude des mécanismes d'adhésion entre une gomme caoutchouc et un fil métallique revêtu d'une couche mince déposée par plasma“. Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0047/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe primary objective of this thesis project is to develop a plasma process able to replace the electrolytic brass plating process, which is currently performed on steel wires used as reinforcing materials in tires to make them bond with rubber. The chosen strategy consists in depositing organo-chlorinated thin films in a continuous way on zinc-plated steel wires going across a tubular atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge in a wire-cylinder configuration. In a first time, works focus on characterization of both the discharge and the plasma layer, deposited in the static (substrate stationary in the reactor) and dynamic (moving substrate) modes. Relationships are established between the plasma parameters (power dissipated in the discharge, high voltage source frequency, precursor flow rate), the discharge properties and the thin film characteristics. Morphological, kinetic and chemical studies of the plasma layer are carried out. In a second time, the substrate surface preparation and the coating are optimized to enhance the adhesion between zinc-plated steel wires and rubber. Analyses are performed to identify the new adhesion interface nature. At the end of this study, hypotheses concerning the adhesion origin in this system are formulated
Jégou, Carole. „Intégration d'un film mince de Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ dans une structure capacitive pour applications RF“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112322/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFerroelectric materials are raising a lot of interest due to their physical properties such as piezoelectricity, ferroelectricity or high dielectric constant. Thus, they are generally integrated in micro- and nano-systems as thin films in a capacitive configuration. Especially, the lead zirconate titanate oxide (PZT) is an attractive material for capacitive RF applications due to its high dielectric constant. The growth of the PZT thin film has to be controlled on metallic electrodes for its integration on coplanar transmission lines. Moreover, electrical properties such as leakage current and ferroelectric behavior of PZT have to be monitored upon application of a dc voltage bias for RF device operation. In this context, PZT thin films were grown by the pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) on a La₀.₆₇Sr₀.₃₃MnO₃ (LSMO) / Pt (111) electrode on a monocrystalline sapphire substrate. The LSMO buffer layer is mandatory to avoid the formation of the paraelectric pyrochlore phase. The control of the crystalline orientation of the LSMO layer allows for the control of the PZT layer texture. Leakage currents through the Pt/PZT/LSMO/Pt stack were then studied in the 220-330K temperature range to determine the conduction mechanisms. A transition is evidenced between a bulk-controlled mechanism near room temperature and an interface-controlled mechanism at low temperature. A hopping mechanism is identified above 280K in line with the presence of extended defects and the columnar structure of the PZT layer. Several strategies were tested to control leakage currents. The first one consists in inserting an insulating oxide layer at the top Pt/PZT interface. In this way, charge injection was modified and leakage currents were reduced. The second strategy consists in changing the PZT layer bulk structure by elaborating a layered or columnar dielectric/PZT composite. Thus, an insulating oxide layer was inserted in the middle of the PZT layer and permitted to reduce leakage currents. Moreover, the control of the PZT nucleation allowed for the elaboration of a columnar PZT/pyrochlore composite. The leakage currents in this composite can be tuned through the pyrochlore pillars density among the ferroelectric matrix. Then, PZT and the heterostructures for leakage current control were integrated in a capacitive RF structure with gold coplanar transmission lines. RF performances in terms of isolation and insertion loss of these materials were studied and gave good results. In particular the heterostructures developed to control the leakage currents are promising for their integration in capacitive RF devices. Besides, I tried to extract the permittivity of PZT at high frequency with the PZT layer in a capacitive configuration. This study highlighted the essential modifications of the capacitive structure that have to be made in order to be able to exploit PZT properties at high frequency
Chagroune, Lakhdar. „Modélisation de l'émissivité d'une surface en utilisant une approche fractale“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL115N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDulong, Jean-Luc. „Etude de la fonction diélectrique infrarouge de métaux nobles à haute température, par réflectométrie différentielle“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066397.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMagnan, Romain. „Oxyde transparent conducteur de ZnO : V à partir d'une cible de nanoparticules : de l’ablation par laser pulsé à un procédé de décharge à barrière diélectrique double fréquence à pression atmosphérique Transparent and conductive vanadium doped zinc oxide thin films by pulsed laser deposition from different targets Atmospheric pressure dual RF-LF frequency discharge: Influence of LF voltage amplitude on the RF discharge behavior Atmospheric pressure dual RF-LF frequency discharge: transition from α to α-γ-mode“. Thesis, Perpignan, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PERP0008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis jointly supervised by France and Canada aims to develop an innovative method for the development of thin nanocomposite layers of ZnO: V, based on the sputtering and deposition of ZnO: V nanoparticles (NPs) using Double Frequency Dielectric Barrier Discharges (DBDs). This deposition method aims to reduce the cost of production by using nanoparticles synthesized by the sol-gel method and DBD in a configuration allowing the deposition of thin films continuously at atmospheric pressure. The work took place in three phases:- The study of TCO obtained by pulsed laser deposition from a target of NPs of ZnO: V (1% at.) and metal targets of ZnV. The lowest resistivity (4 x 10-4 Ω.cm) is observed for the deposits made at 250 ° C from a Zn: V target (3% at.) While the best optical properties are those of a quasi-amorphous thin layer obtained at 20 ° C from the NPs target of ZnO: V. These thin films have a transmission of 40% in UV at 250 nm, 90% in the visible and 80% in the PIR at 2500 nm) with a resistivity of 6 x 10-2 Ω.cm.- Research and optimization of a DBD plasma source to sputter ZnO: V NPs in a configuration compatible with the deposition of controlled thin films. The approach consisted in increase the flow and energy of the ions at the cathode by applying, on one of the electrodes, a radiofrequency voltage (5 MHz) which generates a high density of ions (~ 2 x 1011 / cm3) and on the other electrode a low frequency voltage (50 kHz) in order to transport the ions to the cathode. The first step was to understand the physics of the DBD RF-BF by coupling the optical characterization of the discharge and the 1D fluid modeling. When the LF voltage increases, the initially RF discharge in the α regime switches to the α-γ regime for 1/5 of the LF cycle. The results show that in γ regime the discharge is self-sustaining in the sheath and the flow of ions at the cathode is multiplied by a factor of 7 while their energy increases by a factor of 4. The experimental study shows that when an NPs target interacts with an RF-BF DBD, NPs are brought into flight.- The design and testing of a DBD reactor configuration comprising 2 successive plasma zones: the first to launch the NPs of a target, the second to deposit the NPs on a substrate. The latter is based on a double frequency BF-LF DBD obtained by applying a 50 kHz voltage which generates electrons to charge the NPs and a 1 kHz voltage which we know can ensure the transport of charged NPs from the volume to surfaces. The feasibility was shown by the observation of NPs on the substrate
Berthier, Serge. „Théories de la fonction diélectrique optique des milieux inhomogènes : application aux propriétés électromagnétiques des cermets“. Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066283.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuerboukha, Mohamed-Amine. „Etude de l'auto-assemblage et des propriétés électroniques de monocouches moléculaires sur germanium“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0020.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn the field of microelectronics, due to its high intrinsic carrier mobility, germanium (Ge) is emerging as a promising alternative material to replace silicon in the next generation of high-mobility and high-frequency transistors. However, unlike silicon dioxide, Ge oxide is neither stable nor of good quality. Thus, the preparation of interfacial layers to passivate and isolate Ge is necessary but still problematic. A promising approach is the use of SAMs with a high dielectric constant. In this perspective, during this work we have focused on the preparation and characterization of new SAMs based on organothiols grafted on Ge, exhibiting potential application as grid insulators. We have used hydro- and fluoro-carbonated alkyl chains, and novel bithiophene-based non-charged push-pull chromophores (PP) specially synthesized with the motivation to prepare layers with high dielectric constants by the presence of dipoles. We have adapted and developed the deoxidation/grafting technique in hydro-alcoholic solution and shown that it provides better results than the acid treatment. Indeed, such method has allowed us to obtain less rough functionalized Ge surfaces. XPS and FTIR analyses demonstrate the removal of oxide. We have measured I-V characteristics of the various SAMs using E-GaIn contacts. PP SAMs have allowed to decrease the current by a factor of 105 compared to Ge and of 104 compared to a twelve carbon atoms alkyl SAM. Statistical analyses of the electrical characteristics have been performed using TVS, and correlated with molecular levels, using IPES for probing the unoccupied levels, determination of the valence band occupied levels by XPS, and DFT calculations
Callard, Anne-Ségolène. „Elaboration et caractérisation de couches diélectriques pour l'optique“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1996. http://bibli.ec-lyon.fr/exl-doc/TH_T1653_ascallard.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleReymond, Vincent. „Nouvelles couches minces et multicouches dérivées de BaTiO3 : optimisation des propriétés diélectriques“. Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011717.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProfili, Jacopo. „Dépôt de couches minces nanocomposites par nébulisation d'une suspension colloïdale dans une décharge de Townsend à la pression atmosphérique“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30131/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD work is focused on the development of a new generation of nanocomposite thin films using cold plasma at atmospheric pressure. The main objective is to improve the understanding of the mechanisms involved in this process.The strategy is based on the injection of a metal oxide nanoparticles suspension in a dielectric barrier discharge operating in nitrogen (Townsend discharge). At first, the nanocomposite thin film is deposited sequentially: the fabrication of the inorganic matrix of silica (SiO2) is separated from the collection of the nanoparticles (TiO2). Then, the nanocomposite layers are obtained by a one-step process using a direct injection inside the discharge of nanoparticles dispersed in a polymerizable organosilicon precursor (HMDSO). This manuscript is divided into four major parts: first, the synthesis of the nanoparticles and the study of their dispersion in different solvents are presented. Then, in the second part we focus on the atomization of the colloidal suspension, on the analysis of the size distributions of the injected objects and on the study of their transport towards the discharge area. These results are then used to assess the influence of the discharge on the transport and the quality of deposited nanocomposite thin films. Finally, the thin films properties are investigated when depositing on wood substrates
Bourgeois, Aléxis. „Adsorption et condensation de gaz dans des couches minces diélectriques mésoporeuses suivies par ellipsométrie“. Paris 6, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA066568.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCojocaru-Mirédin, Oana. „Précipitation du bore dans le silicium implanté et redistribution du bore et platine lors de l’Inter-diffusion réactive dans les films minces nickel/silicium“. Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUES018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work is composed by two parts. In the first part, we have studied the boron redistribution in silicon (001), at room temperature and after annealing, thanks to atom probe tomography (APT), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). For this study, the silicon was strongly doped with boron. Thus, the concentration of B in Si can exceed the solubility limit. It is therefore in the case of a supersaturated system. In this case, aside the formation of defects (BIC's, {113} defects etc. . . . ), we have observed the germination of boron rich clusters and even the formation of a new phase, after thermal annealing. In the second part of this thesis, we studied the boron and platinum redistribution in NiSi, used in the miniaturization of MOS transistors in order to reduce the contact resistance. Aside the boron segregation at NiSi/Si interface and close to NiSi surface, we have observed the boron precipitation in NiSi at 450°C. On the other hand, in the platinum case we didn’t observe precipitation phenomena. In fact, the platinum segregates rather at the interfaces at 290°C, whereas at 350°C most of platinum accumulates in NiSi phase
Borvon, Gaël. „Élaboration par plasma d'hexaméthyldisiloxane de couches minces à faible constante diélectrique pour applications aux interconnexions en CMOS“. Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2087.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKondovych, Svitlana. „Électrostatique des charges dans les couches minces diélectriques et ferroélectriques“. Thesis, Amiens, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AMIE0031/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe explore the various types of electrostatic interaction between charges in thin films with high dielectric permittivity, including the special case of the two-dimensional logarithmic Coulomb interaction, and propose a method of tuning the interaction regime using the external gate electrode. Changing the gate-to-film distance, one may alter the electrostatic screening length of the dielectric sample and control the ranges of different interaction types. We investigate next the electrostatics of extended charges in dielectric media, modeling the electrostatic potential distribution for charged wires, stripes and domain walls, with either homogeneous or periodic linear charge density. Basing on the calculated dependencies of the potential on the system geometry and material parameters, we discuss several possible applications: i ) we suggest the non-destructive method for measuring the dielectric constant of substrate deposited thin films by a two-wire capacitor; ii ) we study the domain structure formation in ferroelectric films with in-plane polarization. We show that for the in-plane striped 180˚ domain structure, induced by the discontinuity of the order parameter at the film edge, the equilibrium domain width violates the Kittel's square root law, being instead inversely proportional to the film thickness. The calculations for the in-plane domains, generated by the microscope tip or charged domain wall in the ferroelectric slab, demonstrate the conformity of the optimal domain length to the characteristic electrostatic length of the sample, and accord with the experimental data
Segda, Bila. „Caractérisation dimensionnelle et physicochimique de couches minces et multicouches diélectriques“. Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF21529.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOrain, Stéphane. „Etude théorique et expérimentale des phénomènes de conduction thermique dans les matériaux diélectriques déposés en couches minces : application aux dépôts d'oxyde“. Nantes, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NANT2123.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work deals with the theoretical and experimental study of thermophysical properties of the dielectric thin films with a thickness definitely lower than one micron. This work details how to analyse thermal conduction phenomena on various scales in order to better understand the role of the microstructure on the thermal conductivity. This study was undertaken on various amorphous and polycrystalline oxides (ZrO2, SiO2) and a polymer deposited by different techniques (RF sputtering, thermal evaporation)
Maechler, Louison. „Dépôts de films organosiliciés réalisés par décharge à barrière diélectrique homogène à la pression atmosphérique : application aux films multicouches“. Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1070/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to better understand deposition processes of thin films using an atmospheric pressure cold plasma, through the synthesis of organic and inorganic materials. Two discharges are used: the Atmospheric Pressure Townsend Discharge (APTD) in nitrogen and the Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge (APTD) in helium. In both cases, the precursor used is hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and the oxidizing gas is nitrous oxide (N2O). The approach consists in firstly determining the chemical and structural properties of films obtained with or without oxidant gas. After this step, a discussion is proposed on the gas-phase reaction mechanisms that may explain the obtained deposits. Finally, this work highlights some possible applications of these deposits obtained at atmospheric pressure through the realization of gas barrier multilayers and of rigid multilayers with antifog properties
Ropa, Patrick. „Contribution à l'amélioration des techniques de caractérisation diélectrique de films minces“. Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20189.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRigoudy, Charles. „Couches minces diélectriques avec des inclusions de nanoparticules d'argent réalisées par voie plasma conçues pour le contrôle du gradient de charges électriques sous irradiation électronique pour des applications spatiales“. Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30268.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleElectron emission phenomenon is intensively studied in many fundamental areas in physics and lays down the principle of operation of a large number of devices such as field emission display devices, Hall thrusters, etc. It is better described for metals. However, when originating from insulating materials it becomes a critical phenomenon involved in reliability issues of components in space applications where surface flashover phenomena and vacuum breakdown are entirely controlled by the electron emission from solids. Depending on the energy of impinging electrons and the dielectric properties, the electrons can be trapped within the dielectric bulk, and/or be responsible of electron emission phenomena. This PhD work, carried out at the interface of three research domains: plasma deposition of thin nanocomposite layers, dielectric charging and charge transport in thin dielectrics, and characterization of materials under irradiation in space environment, aims to explore the effect of metal inclusions (silver nanoparticles, AgNPs), embedded in thin dielectric silica layers, on the physical mechanisms (charge injection, trapping, transport and secondary electron emission from the surface) responsible of the dielectric charging and electron emission from dielectrics, in order to modulate them. Nanostructured thin dielectric silica layers containing a single plan of AgNPs have been elaborated by plasma process successfully combining in the same reactor sputtering of a metallic target and plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Structural characterization of the resulting samples has been performed to determine the chemical composition of the plasma silica matrix as well as to obtain the AgNPs size, shape, density and distribution and the total thickness of the structure. These analyses allowed correlation of the structural parameters with the response of the obtained nanostructured dielectric layers under electrical stress and electronic irradiation. It was found that for low energy of the incident electrons (< 2keV) the total electron emission yield (TEEY) from thin silica layers without AgNPs presents an atypical shape with local minimum situated at around 1keV. To get closer to the description of this behavior a model for the TEEY was developed. It is based on Dionne's model, but adapted to dielectrics. It considers the internal electric field resulting from dielectric charging phenomenon.[...]
Reymond, Vincent. „Nouvelles couches minces et multicouches dérivées de BaTiO₃ : optimisation des propriétés diélectriques“. Bordeaux 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR12858.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHuguet-Chantôme, Pascal. „Mesure de propriétés thermiques de matériaux diélectriques en couches minces par optique guidée“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30084.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study the thermal properties of dielectric thin-film materials. To achieve this goal, we use guided optic techniques based on the prism coupler (m-lines). The thermo-optical coefficients of different thin-film materials are measured. These measurements are applied to the analysis and simulation of interference filters' spectral shift with temperature. The totally reflecting prism coupler, in a two-beam pump-and-probe set-up, allows the detection, in harmonic regime, of photo-induced index modifications in a thin film as low as 10 -8. These index variations are due to the temperature increase created by the absorption of a small part of the pump beam in the film. Their distribution in the film is related to the film's thermal properties (conductivity, specific heat). A two-dimensional model of the heat conduction in the prism coupler has been developped, with a good qualitative agreement between calculations and measurements. The measurements performed on different samples are also compared
Bonfante, Gwenaël. „Electromouillage et fiabilité : investigation de matériaux diélectriques et de couches minces hydrophobes“. Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1289.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn order to increase the technologies reliability using electrowetting, this work aims to study the mechanisms of ageing on dielectric and hydrophobic materials used in electrowetting as well and to apply this study to new materials. This thesis is composed of three parts.First, to be able to characterize precisely the hydrophobic properties of these surfaces and especially their surface polarity, we established a method to measure the surface polarity based on wettability of two liquids on a surface permitting a better precision with less measurements. In a second part, we studied different films used in electrowetting before and after ageing around 90°C for one week in order to simulate a long term ageing at an ambient temperature. Widely used hydrophobic coating used in optical systems and lab-on-chip will be mainly characterized such as Fluoropel©, Cytop© and parylène C. This work shows the visible alteration of material performances in a reproducible way. Wetting hysteresis and natural contact angle with the cohesive properties of the coatings are studied in order to establish critical parameters for the life time.Finally, we tried to establish a method to deposit a hydrophobic metal oxide coating by two ways, sol-gel technic with dip-coating deposition and by PVD. A precursor sol made of the metal usable to deposit its oxide thin films has been elaborated. The solution is prepared from the synthesized precursor and stabilized by chelatant (acetylacetone). The solution stability as well as the deposition method used are presented and the annealed coatings deposited by sol-gel and PVD are characterized by XRD and morphologically (SEM, optic microscope …). By the sol-gel method, covering coatings of about 300nm have been made. However, because of the roughness, no electrowetting experiments could have been achieved. By PVD, we have deposited coatings of 400nm thickness, very smooth and usable in electrowetting. These coatings give very good results in electrowetting on plane substrates and liquid lenses
Garello, Kevin. „Matériaux magnéto-diélectriques en couches minces à forte perméabilité et à forte permittivité pour les applications microondes“. Limoges, 2009. https://aurore.unilim.fr/theses/nxfile/default/40362767-dd75-4724-8290-dda5087628e2/blobholder:0/2009LIMO4054.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work concerns the elaboration of a polycrystalline magneto-dielectric heterostructure thin film for radiofrequencies applications. The major result is the achievement of a temperature process compatibility between the SrTiO3 perovskite phase and FeCo/NiMn magnetic electrodes type. Such a material associate artificially a very high permittivity (εr=100) and a very high permeability ( µr=200) that allows to compress the wavelength of a radiofrequency signal, with there a low dispersive character up to about 10 GHz. This constitutes a world first that has been the object of several patents. Different versions of this material have been tested with coplanar waveguides and antennas, and the potential of miniaturization is discussed by applications
Ben, Elbahri Marwa. „Dévelοppement de matériaux cοmpοsites de haute cοnstante diélectrique“. Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2022.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis presents an in-depth study of the dielectric properties and the interface effects of a dielectric material based on amorphous laminates of Al2O3 and TiO2 with sub-nanometer individual layer thicknesses, deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition. A high dielectric constant compared to nanometric laminates due to the Maxwell-Wagner effect is obtained. This effect is well-known in inhomogeneous dielectrics related to the interfaces between insulating and semiconducting regions. Thin films of Al2O3 and TiO2 are studied separately in order to determine the optimal conditions for the growth of the subnanometric laminates by producing and combining the best physical qualities of both constituent layers. An optimization of the capacitor structure is performed varying the bottom electrode and the total thickness of the laminate. Laminates with a better insulating character of the Al2O3 layers achieve higher dielectric constants. The characteristics of the charge carriers governing the dielectric relaxation and their activation energy are discussed by analyzing the dielectric properties (the dielectric constant ε', the dissipation factor tan δ, the electric modulus M" and the conductivity σac) as a function of temperature and frequency
Nguyen, Viet Hung. „Antennes miniatures et reconfigurables utilisant des matériaux diélectriques et ferroélectriques oxydes et oxynitrures en couches minces“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00866988.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKassem, Hussein. „Caractérisation et applications hyperfréquences de matériaux ferroélectriques en couches minces“. Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13784/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBlin, Delphine. „Croissance et propriétés de films minces de HfO2 déposés par Atomic layer deposition pour des applications microélectroniques“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZiani, Ahmed. „Étude de nouveaux matériaux : films minces pérovskites oxynitrure, de la photocatalyse à la microélectronique“. Rennes 1, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00441375.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of the research was to update properties of oxynitride LaTiOxNy material. In a goal of easy integration and saving of material quantities, we are interesting to the transfer of perovskites oxynitrides properties from powders into thin films. The film depositions have been made by RF reactive sputtering onto different substrates. Depending on the deposition conditions, the films are epitaxied, oriented or polycrystalline. The dielectric measurements show dielectric constant values ε' between 80 and 400 in the frequency range [100 Hz - 20 GHz], depending on the nitrogen content and crystallinity of the films. The lower loss tangents are measured on epitaxied thin films (tanδ < 1%) with ε '= 150 (RT, 12 GHz). Regarding the photocatalytic properties, Current-Potential measurements, carried out in aqueous solutions under visible light irradiation, indicate that LaTiOxNy thin films are active in the process of water photolysis. The activation of thin films surface by deposition of colloidal nano-particles of iridium oxide IrO2, showed a marked improvement of the photocurrent associated with the oxidation reaction in water. The epitaxied co-catalyzed IrO2-LaTiOxNy thin film has the highest density of photocurrent, namely 70 μA. Cm-2 (pH = 4. 5) in aqueous solution (Na2SO4)
Bidal, Gregory. „Intégration et caractérisation de nouveaux modules technologiques pour les applications CMOS à basse consommation“. Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0082.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMobile multimedia applications are requiring new CM OS technological solutions in order to improve the performance/consumption trade-off. Since devices dimensions are entering into the nanoscale era, parasitic phenomenon are becoming less and less negligible. This work deals with the study, the fabrication and the characterization of new technological modules that are suitable for reducing leakage components and for boosting carriers transport. Chapter 1 is a review of the state-of-the-art. Chapter 2 presents technological integration of each module and their co-integrability. Chapter 3 gives an overview of electrical performances finally discussed in circuits and SRAM perspectives. Last, in depth characterization of transport relevant parameters su ch as mobility and velocity is detailed in chapter 4. The latter tries to give the main transport limitations for each architecture
Le, Febvrier Arnaud. „Couches minces et multicouches d'oxydes ferroélectrique (KTN) et diélectrique (BZN) pour applications en hyperfréquences“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00795542.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLe, Febvrier Arnaud. „Couches minces et multicouches d'oxydes ferroélectrique (KTN) et diélectrique (BZN) pour applications en hyperfréquences“. Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2012. https://ecm.univ-rennes1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/38c0f39c-1c86-4065-89c3-c5df70cd5303.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis work aims to develop, in thin film form, integrated structure based on tunable materials such as ferroelectrics and relaxor dielectrics for microwave devices. These applications require materials with large permittivity, low dielectric loss, low leakage current and high tunability (variation of the permittivity associate to the applied electric field). The work focused on the ferroelectric material KTa1-xNbxO3 (KTN) which have shown potentialities to be integrated in such devices and a relaxor dielectric material Bi1,5-xZn0,9-yNb1,5O7-d (BZN). The study was first dedicated to the structural, microstructural and physical characterizations of each material separately. Dielectric properties were measured at low frequencies (100 kHz) and high frequencies (1 GHz to 67 GHz) on undoped and MgO doped KTN. A structural and microstructural dependence of the dielectric and optical properties of BZN thin films was shown. Finally, the two materials were associated on multilayer heterostructures by two deposition methods (pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and chemical solution deposition (CSD). Dielectric measurements performed on these BZN/KTN/substrate multilayers evidenced that the dielectric losses were reduced by 76 % at low frequencies and 21 % at high frequencies. These multilayers present a tunability closed to 3 % at 22 kV/cm, i. E. A higher value than the one measured on other ferroelectric materials at the same electric field
Coulon, Pierre-Eugène. „Films minces d'oxydes à grande permittivité pour la nanoélectronique : organisation structurale et chimique et propriétés diélectriques“. Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/514/.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDespite the considerable research work devoted since ten years to the study of new high permittivity (kappa) thin films for replacing silica in microelectronics, the relationships that exist between the structural/chemical and electrical properties of the films are not widely studied today. Thin Zr- and La-based oxide films, prepared by atomic layer deposition on silicon and/or germanium, are considered in this work. Quantitative parameters in relation with the organization at the nanometre level in the films and at the interfaces, determined by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) operated on a modern electron microscope, are directly connected to electrical parameters such as kappa and Dit (interface state density). After annealing under vacuum, the La2O3 sesquioxide can be obtained with its high permittivity hexagonal phase (kappa ~ 27) but is not stable. It is hygroscopic and forms with the silicon substrate an extended amorphous interfacial layer silicate in composition. The LaxZr1-xO2-delta (x = 0. 2) ternary oxide is not hygroscopic. On a silicon substrate and with x ~ 0. 2, it is stabilized in the cubic structure (kappa ~ 30) with annealing and forms a silica-rich interfacial layer with a spatial extension limited to 1-2 nanometres. On a germanium substrate and with x ~ 0. 05, the ternary is stabilized with the high permittivity tetragonal structure (kappa ~ 40) due to germanium diffusion within the film and develops in direct contact with the substrate. Lanthanum is essentially present near the interface and forms a germanate that lowers the Dit. This work has been developed in line with the European program REALISE
Lemarquis, Frédéric. „Développement de méthodes analytiques de synthèse d'empilements de couches minces diélectriques. Recherche de systèmes achromatiques sans dispersion de phase destinés à l'interférométrie“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX30018.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSimon, Quentin. „Croissance et caractérisations de couches minces ferroélectriques de KTa₁₋ₓNbₓO₃ pour des applications hyperfréquences : contribution à la diminution des pertes diélectriques“. Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S097.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe works realised in this thesis have for purpose to improve the dielectric properties of potassium tantalite niobate ferroelectric thin films, via the optimization of their chemical and structural properties, in order to integrate it in tunable microwaves devices. Firstly, the studies were focused on the influence of substrate on pulsed laser deposited films physical, chemical and dielectric characteristics. Secondly, different routes of doping have been explored: the addition of magnesium oxide decreases the dielectrics losses and the substitution of tantalum by titanium led to an improvement of the films dielectric permittivity and tunability without increasing their dielectric losses. Finally, in parallel, a chemical solution deposition method has been developed to synthesis potassium tantalite niobate thin films at 600°C with a simple process as spin-coating, and with crystalline quality closed to the one obtained on pulsed laser deposited films
Maythaveekulchai, Nopparat. „Etude des coefficients thermoréfractifs et photoréfractifs de matériaux diélectriques en couches minces, par l'analyse du comportement des lignes de mode obtenues avec le coupleur à prisme“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30077.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePuyrenier, Wilfried. „Etude d'un matériau diélectrique poreux de type SiOCH : effet des post-traitements plasma et de nettoyage et intégration“. Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20217.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRouaux-Jéhanno, Virginie. „Development of a modular system of sol-gel precursors and synthesis of dielectrics libraries using combinatorial chemistry“. Rennes, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAR0004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBouchier, Daniel. „Obtention et caractérisation de couches minces supraconductrices et diélectriques déposées par pulvérisation ionique simple ou réactive“. Paris 11, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA112122.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCathelinaud, Michel. „Séquences métal-diélectrique par le filtrage spectral large bande et les absorbeurs de lumière : Détermination d'indice des couches minces métalliques“. Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30059.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we are interested in metal-dielectric coatings for bandpass filters with a broad rejection band and for light absorbers. In both cases, the filters are designed for the same application : a multispectral detector. For bandpass filters, we show how, using the potential transmittance, one can minimize the losses due to absorption in métal layers. We have designed and produced a metal-dielectric bandpass filter with a broad rejection band, whose number of layers is much smaller than ail dielectric solutions for similar performances. For light absorbers, we propose solutions with simple metal dielectric structures. The indices of metals not being easily identifiable in thin layers, we have developed a new method for index determination by spectrophotometry. The results obtained for various thicknesses of nickel show a strong dependence of the indices on thickness. We have used the Maxwell Gamett model with an adjustment as fine as possible a filling law giving the metal compactness as a function of thickness. .
Jacqueline, Sébastien. „Etude du dépôt de diélectriques fins dans des systèmes à fort rapport d’aspect“. Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN2015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZenasni, Aziz. „Couches à faibles permittivités diélectriques élaborées par plasma micro-onde d'organosilicies : identification et étude des paramètres contrôlant la permittivité“. Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30088.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRottenberg, Wojciech. „Etude des phénomènes de préclaquage dans les huiles isolantes dans des systèmes d'électrodes couvertes de couches minces“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ECDL0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVallade, Julien. „Développement d’une technique innovante pour le dépôt en continu de couches minces pour cellules photovoltaïques : couches antireflets et passivantes sur cellule silicium“. Perpignan, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PERP1155.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this study is to propose a technological breakthrough to increase solar cells production speed by replacing the low pressure plasma processes by an atmospheric pressure process suitable for in line treatment. To demonstrate the feasibility of good quality thin film available for solar applications by AP-PECVD , we opted for the deposition of SiNx:H antireflection and passivating photovoltaic cells P-type silicon. This layer must have a well-defined chemistry to avoid light absorption for a refractive index of 2. 1; the value required for anti-reflective properties while containing sufficient hydrogen to passivate electronic defects over the surface and in volume of the silicon after the annealing of contacts. First, the reactor was optimized to realize dense layers. It was necessary to avoid any gas recirculation containing residues of precursors in the area where the substrate passes during deposition to eliminate all nanoporosity. Extending electrodes yielded an average index of 2. 1 with a zero extinction coefficient. However, as layers' chemical compositions are not uniform along the growth axis, a method for measuring the plasma chemical composition was developed. The decrease in the concentration of SiH4 was measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with a 2 mm spatial resolution. These results were correlated with the IR absorption layers of SiNx:H. Comparison of chemistry profiles and minority carriers lifetime has shown that after deposition, lifetime is maximum in areas where the layer is rich in SiH. 800°C samples annealing increases the lifetime leading to a superposition off the profile over the SiN bonds one. Electrical Modulation of the excitation led to (after annealing) lifetime values quite remarkable ( ≈ 1 ms) on N-type crystalline silicon wafers