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1
Montalti, Nicola. „Sboccatura meccanica alla volée“. Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
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Il trend in crescita nella produzione e nella vendita di vini spumanti italiani porta a riconsiderare alcune operazioni che caratterizzano la tecnica di lavorazione. Un esempio è dato dalla meccanizzazione della sboccatura alla voléè, che già da ora porta una concreta alternativa soprattutto nelle cantine di piccola e media dimensione. Questo impianto, prodotto da Reggianini Ilario prevede un graduale raddrizzamento delle bottiglie per consentire la stappatura nel momento esatto in cui la bolla interna sta raggiungendo il collo della bottiglia per ottenere una perfetta e ripetibile eliminazione dei residui della fermentazione simulando la tecnica di lavoro manuale. Inoltre la macchina consente con la stessa regolarità l'iniezione automatica della liqueur d'expédition. Una esperienza decennale condotta nell’azienda S. Lucia di Mercato Saraceno (FC) ha permesso di evidenziare i vantaggi operativi di questo impianto pneumatico, come la lavorazione con basse pressioni, il risparmio sui costi energetici, l’eliminazione delle bidule e la lavorazione di prodotti naturali non chiarificati aventi residui fecciosi elevati. Inoltre la precisione della stappatura riduce del 70% le perdite di prodotto e aumenta di quasi 4 volte la produttività del lavoro rispetto allo stesso intervento svolto manualmente. Queste prestazioni portano a migliorare e a uniformare la sboccatura alla volée ottenendo vantaggi economici sensibili, evidenti già a partire da produzioni di circa 2.000 bottiglie/anno.
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Widmer, Rudolf Paul. „Los comerciantes y los otros : Costa Chica y Costa de Sotavento, 1650-1820 /“. [Bern] : Selbstverl, 1993. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
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3
Wengler, Stefan. „Key account management in business-to-business markets an assessment of its economic value /“. Wiesbaden : Deutscher Universitats-Verlag, 2006. http://www.springerlink.com/content/u0132h/.
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4
Pham, Vivian G. „Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Content in the Hatillo River, Costa Rica“. Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/571.
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Rivers all around the world have become increasingly polluted with heavy metals, largely due to industrialization and urbanization. Organisms exposed to high concentrations of heavy metals have shown evidence of biotoxicity and physical deformities. With biomagnification in mind, the possibility that this contamination may soon directly affect humans is a real concern, and policies in manufacturing industries worldwide may have to be reformed. In this study, we measured the concentrations of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) in the Hatillo River and compared these values to those measured in the Tarcoles River, a highly polluted river, and Terciopelo Creek, a relatively clean river. The results showed that the Hatillo River had significantly lower levels of most detected heavy metals than both the Tarcoles and Terciopelo. Overall, sediments in all rivers showed high levels of heavy metal content--especially in chromium, copper, nickel, and lead--which could build up and affect organisms over a long period of time.
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Kebede, Ermias. „The application of transaction cost economics to UK defence acquisition“. Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-application-of-transaction-cost-economics-to-uk-defence-acquisition(305cd069-bc16-4707-9b6b-99c57065fff1).html.
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Major defence projects have a reputation of cost increases, time delays and in some cases not meeting user requirements. The aim of this study was to discover the factors which create the difficulties in UK defence acquisition projects. The dataset used in this research are seventeen, National Audit Office: Value for Money reports of major defence projects. Qualitative Software NVivo 8 was used to organise passages from the reports into categories of factors representing the defence acquisition process. A content analysis method was applied to the categories in order to highlight their quantitative and qualitative significance. A Transaction Cost Economics approach was taken to formulate the research propositions, which were tested using the qualitative content analysis.The fundamental transformation in defence procurement leads to post-contract asset specificity. There is a lack of substitute suppliers in defence procurement due to the high switching costs. There are three reasons given for this development in defence: (1) a legacy of the privatisation policy in the defence industry; (2) ownership transfers of specialised assets under the prime contracting approach and; (3) the transaction-specific investments by the MoD. The prime is able to take advantage of transaction-specific and relation-specific investments in the transaction for future contract tenders, due to the pre-contract asset specificity which results. This sequence of events is identified as the cause of the bilateral dependency condition in defence acquisition.Uncertainty and asset specificity, to a lesser extent, were identified as the major causes of transaction-costs in defence acquisition. These transaction-costs were given as the causes of failures in meeting the value for money criteria of defence projects. The MoD has responded, in recent time, to project failure through a governance trade-off from a traditional market-based transaction towards a bilateral governance approach. A focus of this bilateral governance approach is the application of Smart Acquisition principles and the IPT mechanism (joint MoD-Industry teams). In order to strengthen and support the IPT mechanism it is argued that a relational contracting approach should be taken. Traditional contracting approaches weaken the joint team working, whereas relational contracting applies partnership principles of better communication, cooperation and collaboration.
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Scuderi, Ed. „The Disruptive Potential of Free and Low-Cost Online Courses| A Qualitative Content Analysis“. Thesis, University of Phoenix, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13426656.
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Internet-based technologies have been the downfall of incumbents across numerous industries. This has not been the case in higher education, though unaccredited organizations that offer free- and low-cost online courses have the potential to disrupt low- and mid-tier colleges and universities that lack strong branding or regional advantages. This qualitative content analysis examined 410 articles from the academic trade press to describe the qualities of three companies that offer free and inexpensive online courses, StraighterLine, Udacity, and Coursera, to better understand their potential to disrupt for-profit colleges and universities. The four descriptive themes that emerged were: (a) credentialing issues, (b) the unbundling of higher education, (c) the development of online learning, and (d) single-course providers. Although distinct, the themes are interrelated and the growth of single-course providers, the unbundling of higher education, and the continued development of online learning will be affected by how credentialing issues are addressed by the regional accreditors. Employers are increasingly accepting micro-credentials from unaccredited, single-course providers that have significantly lower costs and a focused mission. The slow process of accrediting alternative providers, which some have argued is to protect incumbents, may actually speed up disruption.
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Blair, Alistair. „Resource-aware cloud-based elastic content delivery network with cost minimisation and QoS guarantee“. Thesis, Ulster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.674640.
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The distribution of digital multimedia, namely, audio, video, documents, images and Web pages is commonplace across today's Internet. The successful distribution of such multimedia, in particular video can be achieved using a number of proven architectures such as Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) and Over-The-Top (OTT) services. In order to maximise the scope and reach of this multimedia a need to combine aspects of the two architectures has arisen due to the rapid uptake of multimedia steaming to the plethora of Internet enabled devices that both architectures encompass. Content Delivery Networks (CDNs) have been proposed as an effective means to facilitate this unification in order to distribute multimedia in an efficient manner that enhances end-users' Web experience by replicating or copying content to edge of network locations in proximity to the end-user. However, CDNs often face resource over-provisioning, performance degradation and Service Level Agreement (SLA) violations, thus incurring high operational costs, hardware under-utilisation and a limited scope and scale of their services. The emergence of Cloud computing as a commercial reality has created an opportunity whereby Internet Service Providers (ISPs) can leverage their Cloud resources to disseminate multimedia. However, Cloud resource provisioning techniques can still result in over-provisioning and under-utilisation. To move beyond these shortcomings this thesis sets out to establish the basis for developing advanced and efficient techniques to enable the utilisation of Cloud-based resources in a highly scalable, and cost-effective manner that reduces over-provisioning and under-utilisation while minimising latency and therefore maintaining the QoS/QoE expected by end-users for streaming multimedia.
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Dakhwe, Adnan B. A. „A DYNAMIC, COST-EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT INFORMATION PORTAL SOLUTION USING THE MAMBO CONTENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1155585248.
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Vishnubhotla, Venkata Krishna Sai Datta. „Cost Aware Virtual Content Delivery Network for Streaming Multimedia : Cloud Based Design and Performance Analysis“. Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för kommunikationssystem, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-10795.
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Significant portion of today’s internet traffic emerge from multimedia services. When coupled with growth in number of users accessing these services, there is tremendous increase in network traffic. CDNs aid in handling this traffic and offer reliable services by distributing content across different locations. The concept of virtualization transformed traditional data centers into flexible cloud infrastructure. With the advent of cloud computing technology, multimedia providers have scope for establishing CDN using network operator’s cloud environment. However, the main challenge while establishing such CDN is implementing a cost efficient and dynamic mechanism which guarantees good service quality to users. This thesis aims to develop, implement and assess the performance of a model that coordinates deployment of virtual servers in the cloud. A solution which dynamically spawns and releases virtual servers according to variations in user demand has been proposed. Cost-based heuristic algorithm is presented for deciding the placement of virtual servers in OpenStack based federated clouds. Further, the proposed model is implemented on XIFI cloud and its performance is measured. Results of the performance study indicate that virtual CDNs offer reliable and prompt services. With virtual CDNs, multimedia providers can regulate expenses and have greater level of flexibility for customizing the virtual servers deployed at different locations.
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Greve, Thor. „Environmental discourses during times of economic crisis : A content analysis of the media in Costa Rica“. Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-375125.
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Ye, Zhihui. „A low cost, accurate instrument to measure the moisture content of building envelopes in situ“. Thesis, Open University, 2005. http://oro.open.ac.uk/54633/.
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Buildings must be designed and built to achieve a healthy environment, low energy consumption and a predictable service life. In order to achieve these goals the effects of combined heat, air and moisture (HAM) transfer must be understood. A suitable moisture measurement technique is thus required. There is a pressing need for a suitable instrument capable of in situ moisture measurements in building envelopes. Techniques do exist for such moisture measurement but all exhibit deficiencies in at least one critical area. A thermal dual-probe is investigated as a candidate for an appropriate instrument as such an approach offers significant potential benefits over existing methods. It is demonstrated, via extensive finite-element (FE) modelling, that the thermal dual-probe technique is indeed applicable to in situ moisture measurements in typical building fabrics. The thesis then moves on to deal with the optimisation of the design of such a probe. The results of relevant simulations using the proven two and three-dimensional FE models are detailed. Finally, the extensive experimental work undertaken to support the modelling work is described. The measured data obtained from the thermal dual-probes is compared with the results of series of gravimetric analyses. Close agreement between the two methods is obtained. The work, has successfully demonstrated that, depending upon the building fabric material,optimal probe lengths and spacing range from approximately 45-60mm and 12-20mm respectively. The experimental work clearly indicates that the thermal dual-probe is capable of accurate, in situ moisture measurements in building envelopes.
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Veloso, Francisco 1969. „Local content requirements and industrial development : economic analysis and cost modeling of the automotive supply chain“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/29601.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, Technology, Management, and Policy Program, 2001.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 210-216).
This dissertation addresses the issue of performance standards in developing nations, focusing on the role of local content requirements. It proposes a theoretical framework to understand the impact of this policy on the decisions of firms and the welfare of the domestic economy, and offers a methodology to apply the analysis to the context of the automotive supply chain. The central conclusion of the thesis relates to the existence of a gap between private and social opportunity returns and costs, an aspect that has been overlooked by previous literature. In a developing country, resources employed by foreign investors and their local suppliers often generate spillovers and learning effects that are not accounted for in the valuations of private economic agents. This creates an externality-from-entry, whereby positive economic effects of new domestic suppliers are overlooked in the sourcing decision of the foreign firm. This dissertation proposes a model to illustrate how this gap between social and private valuations justifies the enactment of domestic content requirements, which become welfare enhancing. The analysis also reveals that content requirements are a preferable policy to tariffs and subsidies as a means to increase domestic purchases and discusses the use of subsidies and requirements as incentive mechanisms to align firm decisions with government objectives. A case study of the automotive industry, where content restriction policies are extremely active, is used to demonstrate the applicability of the model. This entailed the development of a new methodology, called Systems Cost Modeling (SCM), which uses simple metrics and rules to build bottom-up cost structures where estimates for large number of components have to be considered. Detailed empirical data from a particular car is then used to build a sourcing cost structure.
(cont.) These costs are integrated with the domestic content model to show how, for existing market and policy conditions; there can be value to the enactment of modest levels of domestic content requirements in the auto industry. It also explains that the impact of the policy is very sensitive to project characteristics and that this should be factored into national decisions.
by Francisco Veloso.
Ph.D.
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Tshalibe, Prince. „Effects of different pineapple dietary fibres on the quality parameters and cost of beef species sausage“. Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/834.
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Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of
Master of Technology (Food Technology)
Department of Food Technology
Faculty of Applied Sciences
Cape Peninsula University of TechnologyThe nutrient profile of meat and meat products make them a major protein and minerals source for non- vegetarian human beings. However, their high fat content and the saturated fatty acid profile associate them with increased risk of lifestyle diseases and occurrences of cancers. Researchers have focused on fat replacement and fatty acid profile modification without compromising the physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of meat products. Leaner ingredients are expensive hence the use of low/non-calorie adding ingredients such as water, vegetable oils and oat bran. In this study, three pineapple dietary fibres (PDF), NSP 60, NSP 100 and NSP 200 with water binding capacities (WBC) of 1: 8; 1: 7.4; 1: 7.8 (g/g), respectively, were assessed for their WBC in species sausage at levels 0%, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. Water was added in accordance to the specific WBC capacity of the fibres, replacing pork back fat. The WBC of the fibre in the meat emulsion was assessed by extracting the loosely bound fluid by centrifugation. Fibres NSP 100 and NSP 200 proved to be of better water binding than NSP 60 which had the highest total expressible fluid (TEF) at all levels. Although differing significantly in WBC at all levels, all the fibres excellently bound water at 1% level. The three PDF (at 1% level) were then assessed with regard to chemical, physical, and textural attributes in species sausage. Proximate analysis showed that the control sausages (no fibre), differed significantly from the sausages containing PDF. Emulsion stability analysis was based on TEF, cooking loss and purge. Sausages containing NSP 200 PDF did not significantly differ to the control in terms of TEF and cooking loss. Sausages containing NSP 100 had the lowest cooking loss although not significantly different to the control and NSP 200 containing sausages. NSP 60 PDF performed significantly poorly in terms of TEF and cooking loss. The control had a significantly lower purge comparing to sausages containing which were not different. The pH value of the control was significantly higher than the samples containing fibres which also differed from each other. Inclusion of fibre in the species resulted in a significant increase in lightness, hue and chroma as compared to the control. Textural parameters for the control were significantly higher than the fibre containing sausages, except for cohesiveness which was similar for all sausages. This study concluded that NSP 100 could be the most suitable for use in species sausage, followed by the NSP 200 and lastly the NSP 60. Addition of PDF, in combination with water to a species sausage can be a viable way of cutting costs since the formulation cost of all the fibre containing sausages was lower in comparison to the control. Fibre and water addition can be a positive means of reducing the lipid fraction in sausages and other meat products, increasing the dietary fibre component and hence improving the health status of meat product consumers.
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de, Toro A. Alfredo. „Assessment of field machinery performance in variable weather conditions using discrete event simulation /“. Uppsala : Dept. of Biometry and Engineering, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2004. http://epsilon.slu.se/a462.pdf.
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Zini, Alessio. „Joomla! e Microweb: soluzioni low cost per la piccola impresa“. Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/1603/.
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Il presente elaborato, "Joomla! e Microweb: soluzioni low cost per la piccola impresa", si pone l'obiettivo di unire un insieme di realtà differenti tra loro: esigenze economiche, piattaforme tecniche e rete sociale possono integrarsi in un circuito virtuoso. Attraverso l'analisi della piattaforma CMS Joomla!, e la sua integrazione con utilities di terze parti, è possibile velocizzare senza perdere qualità, abbattendo i costi, il processo di pubblicazione e mantenimento di un sito web. Attraverso, poi, un'efficace integrazione di Joomla! con servizi social integrati nella piattaforma stessa, è possibile venire in contatto con quelli che vengono definiti gli hub concettuali della rete, come Facebook e YouTube. Mirate politiche di marketing, soprattutto per i prodotti di nicchia, possono essere quindi portate a termine con soddisfazione senza cadere in costi eccessivamente elevati. Infine, è stato coniato il concetto di "Microweb" che sintetizza nel suo significato il processo di integrazione di servizi social e di utilities in un'unica piattaforma madre, nel caso specifico Joomla!.
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Stjärnlöv, Liv. „The domestic is the elite : A quantitative content analysis on how news are valued in four national Costa Rican newspapers“. Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-48571.
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My study has questioned recognized factors of news valuation in the context of Costa Rican newspapers, with the aim at getting greater understanding in how news are valued in Costa Rican newspapers and what factors contribute to making an event the main article of an issue. My research therefore is a snapshot at how the news valuation process is conducted in Costa Rica at the moment. I furthermore went on to do a quantitative content analysis containing five theories of factors of news valuation, that I have theorised myself as a result of my research containing recognized factors of news valuation. The data has been selected through a random selection process, and then collected via the national library in San José, Costa Rica. I then went on to carry through a quantitative content analysis, containing 46 variables from recognized factors of news valuation and an additional five variables from my own theories, on the selected samples. The variables in my analysis to a great extent tried questioning the theories of Judy McGregor, Henk Prakke, Håkan Hvitfelt and Galtung and Ruge. The results show that some of the theories created by mentioned scholar do apply in the news valuation process in Costa Rican newspapers. It furthermore show that some factors, mentioned by the same scholar, to have great impact in the news valuation process does not at all impact the news value of an event in Costa Rican newspapers. This study shows that there is cultural and geographical differences in how events are valued as newsworthy or not, and that the factors that are acknowledged as determining of news value in one region or country, may in fact not at all apply in another part of the world. The results of my own theories show that there are differences in what factors that affect the news valuation process. My theories state that there are other factors that affect news values and that there can be opposing factors depending on in what country/region/journalistic area the news are valued.
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Ali, Mohamad Idaly Bin. „Development and implementation of a low-cost data acquisition system using single-board computers to measure volumetric water content“. Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119312.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (page 73).
The work described in this thesis is aimed at exploring the use of single-board computers, specifically the Raspberry Pi platform, to measure volumetric water content of soils or other porous media. We first investigated the different methods to condition and measure signal frequencies. Subsequently, we designed and fabricated a Hardware Attached on Top frequency counter add-on board for the Raspberry Pi based on the reciprocal frequency counting method, and found that this accurately and precisely measures frequency signals from water content reflectometers. We then built a dormant deploy-and-forget sensor system around this hardware. The system will be used at our research field site in Brunei Darussalam to measure volumetric water content of peat. Further work focuses on improvements to the encapsulation of the electronic hardware, and designing a multiplexer-controlled relay board to acquire signals from multiple reflectometers simultaneously.
by Mohamad Idaly Bin Ali.
M. Eng.
18
Miller, Peta, und Miller@dewr gov au petajohnmiller@bordernet com au Peta. „THE HUMAN COSTS AND BENEFITS OF WORK: JOBLOAD, SELF-PERCEIVED PERFORMANCE, AND EMPLOYEE WELLBEING“. La Trobe University. School of Human Biosciences, 2004. http://www.lib.latrobe.edu.au./thesis/public/adt-LTU20070319.145144.
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The primary purpose of this project was to investigate some relationships between workload and employee wellbeing. The necessary first stage was to formulate a theoretical framework � the JobLoad Model � to support a comprehensive and detailed investigation of the main factors that contribute to a job's workload. Building on the ergonomics concept of �workload�, this Model incorporates task- and job-level factors that have been identified within the research literatures of physical and cognitive ergonomics as important; additional constructs were added to take account of additional factors shown to be relevant to employee wellbeing, drawing on evidence from occupational health and organizational psychology literatures. Using this framework, available questionnaire-based measurement instruments for assessing workload and employee wellbeing were reviewed, new items were developed as required, and the JobLoad Index (JLI) was developed.
The JLI was used to collect data from public servants in two different workplaces, with participation rates of 63% and 73% respectively. Relationships were determined between major task, job and organisational environment factors, self-perceived performance adequacy, and various aspects of employee wellbeing including job satisfaction, physical discomfort and psychological fatigue, stress and arousal. For a sub-sample of participants in one of the two workplaces, levels of adrenaline, noradrenaline and cortisol were also measured from 24-hour urine collections.
The factors measured by the JLI accounted for a very substantial proportion of variance in these various dimensions of work-related wellbeing. The results provide potentially very useful insights into the relative influences of a wide range of work- and job-related variables on people's perceived abilities to cope with their job demands, and on several aspects of their wellbeing. Further, the importance of measuring multiple dimensions of wellbeing, and differentiating their separate sets of work-related determinants, was well demonstrated. Finally, and perhaps most significantly, this study has identified the powerful role that self-perceived performance plays as an intervening variable between job demands and people's work-related wellbeing.
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Marks, Leanne R. „Straw-Bale as a Viable, Cost Effective, and Sustainable Building Material for Use in Southeast Ohio“. Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1125775864.
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Ahvar, Shohreh. „Resource allocation in cloud and Content Delivery Network (CDN)“. Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TELE0011.
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L’objectif de cette thèse est de présenter de nouveaux algorithmes de répartition des ressources sous la forme de machines virtuelles (VMs) et fonction de réseau virtuel (VNFs) dans les Clouds et réseaux de diffusion de contenu (CDNs). La thèse comprend deux principales parties: la première se concentre sur la rentabilité des Clouds distribués, et développe ensuite les raisons d’optimiser les coûts ainsi que les émissions de carbone. Cette partie comprend quatre contributions. La première contribution est une étude de l’état de l’art sur la répartition des coûts et des émissions de carbone dans les environnements de clouds distribués. La deuxième contribution propose une méthode d’allocation des ressources, appelée NACER, pour les clouds distribués. La troisième contribution présente une méthode de placement VM efficace en termes de coûts et de carbone (appelée CACEV) pour les clouds distribués verts. Pour obtenir une meilleure performance, la quatrième contribution propose une méthode dynamique de placement VM (D-CACEV) pour les clouds distribués. La deuxième partie propose des algorithmes de placement de VNFs dans les Clouds et réseaux de CDNs pour optimiser les coûts. Cette partie comprend cinq contributions. Une étude de l’état de l’art sur les solutions proposées est le but de la première contribition. La deuxième contribution propose une méthode d’allocation des ressources, appelée CCVP, pour le provisionnement de service réseau dans les clouds et réseaux de ISP. La troisième contribution implémente le résultat de l’algorithme CCVP dans une plateforme réelle. La quatrième contribution considère l’effet de la permutation de VNFs dans les chaîne de services et la cinquième contribution explique le placement de VNFs pour les services à valeur ajoutée dans les CDNsHigh energy costs and carbon emissions are two significant problems in distributed computing domain, such as distributed clouds and Content Delivery Networks (CDNs). Resource allocation methods (e.g., in form of Virtual Machine (VM) or Virtual Network Function (VNF) placement algorithms) have a direct effect on cost, carbon emission and Quality of Service (QoS). This thesis includes three related parts. First, it targets the problem of resource allocation (i.e., in the form of network aware VM placement algorithms) for distributed clouds and proposes cost and carbon emission efficient resource allocation algorithms for green distributed clouds. Due to the similarity of the network-aware VM placement problem in distributed clouds with a VNF placement problem, the second part of the thesis, getting experience from the first part, proposes a new cost efficient resource allocation algorithm (i.e., VNF placement) for network service provision in data centers and Internet Service Provider (ISP) network. Finally, the last part of the thesis presents new cost efficient resource allocation algorithms (i.e., VNF placement) for value-added service provisioning in NFV-based CDNs
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Frez, Gonzalo, und Jenny Källström. „Doing Good or Doing Well? : A quantitative study about CSR reporting“. Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-60261.
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The awareness and interest concerning corporate social responsibility has grownamong both firms and their stakeholders, which has resulted in a continuous upwardtrend regarding CSR reporting. This has led to the emergence of reporting frameworklike Global Reporting Initiative. The issues is that there are limited regulationscontrolling what should be reported and how it should be reported, thus most CSRreporting is voluntary. This creates differences among firms and within industries.The differences make it difficult to compare reporting between firms and to assess thebenefits of CSR reporting.The purposes of this study is to explain what variables affects the CSR reportingquality and what the rationale behind CSR reporting is, which includes investigatingthe effect of reporting quality on cost of capital. The evolution of CSR reporting willalso be examined.The nature of the study is quantitative with a deductive approach. Hypotheses will bedeveloped from prior theory and tested statistically using multiple regression analysis.The theoretical foundation of this study is stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory andinformation asymmetry. The chosen variables are argued by prior literature to effectreporting quality. The variables are board diversity, ownership concentration, separatesustainability reports, external assurance, GRI application levels and industry. Ameasure of reporting quality will be developed using content analysis and theestimation for cost of capital will be calculated based on a model for rPEG. Thesample consists of firms listed on Nasdaq OMXS30 index in 2006, 2008 and 2010.Statistical support for positive association between reporting quality and boarddiversity, ownership concentration, external assurance, GRI A and GRI B and theindustries industrials, consumer goods and basic materials were found. An indirectassociation between reporting quality and cost of capital was found. The findings arein agreement with the rationale behind CSR reporting; a firm can do well by doinggood. It was further concluded that the development during this time period hasfollowed the previous trend and continuously increased.
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Henriksson, Therese, und Linda Rudin. „Innehållet i den frivilliga redovisningen och dess påverkan på kostnaden för eget och lånat kapital“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-139967.
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Introduktion En anledning till att företag vill ge ut frivillig redovisning kan vara för att erhålla positiva ekonomiska effekter så som minskad kapitalkostnad. Tidigare forskning finner blandade resultat gällande den frivilliga redovisningens påverkan på kapitalkostnaden. Forskningen indikerar att olika innehåll i den frivilliga redovisningen kan ge varierande effekter på kapitalkostnaden. Därför är det intressant att göra en mer detaljerad analys av innehållet i den frivilliga redovisningen relaterat till kostnaden för eget och lånat kapital. Syfte Studiens syfte är att förklara hur innehållet i den frivilliga redovisningen påverkar kostnaden för eget och lånat kapital. Metod Studien har en deduktiv ansats och utgår ifrån en kvantitativ strategi med kvalitativa inslag. Genom en tvärsnittsdesign genomförs en innehållsanalys av den frivilliga redovisningen i 44 börsnoterade bolags årsredovisningar för att kvantifiera innehållet. Slutsats Resultatet visar på att mer frivillig redovisning i form av information om risk och information av icke-finansiell karaktär leder till minskad kostnad för eget kapital. Mer aktierelaterad information, information av historisk, framåtriktad, kvantitativ, icke-kvantitativ och icke-finansiell karaktär leder till minskad kostnad för lånat kapital. Även mer frivillig redovisning totalt sett minskar kostnaden för lånat kapital. Resultatet bör dock endast ses som indikationer på hur sambanden kan se ut på grund av studiens begränsningar.Introduction A reason for companies to publish voluntary disclosure can be to receive positive economic effects such as reduced cost of capital. Previous research find mixed results regarding the impact of voluntary disclosure on the cost of capital. Research indicates that different content of voluntary disclosure can affect the cost of capital differently. Therefore, it is of interest to conduct a more detailed analysis of the content of voluntary disclosure related to the cost of equity and debt capital. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explain how the content of voluntary disclosure affects the cost of equity and debt capital. Method This is a quantitative study with qualitative elements that has a deductive approach. Through a cross-sectional design, a content analysis of the voluntary disclosure in the annual reports of 44 listed companies is conducted to quantify the content. Conclusion The results show that more voluntary disclosure in the form ofinformation about risk and information of a non-financial nature leads to a reduced cost of equity. More share-related information and information of a historical, forward-looking, quantitative, non- quantitative and non-financial nature leads to a reduced cost of debt capital. More voluntary disclosure in total also reduces the cost of debt capital. However, due to the limitations of the study, the results should only be seen as indications of the nature of the relationships.
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Spear, Nasser A. (Nasser Abdelmonem). „The Information Content of Supplemental Reserve-Based Replacement Measures Relative to that of Historical Cost income and its Cash and Accrual Components of Oil and Gas Producing Companies“. Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc277915/.
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This study examined whether three reserve-based quantity replacement measures and three reserve-based value replacement measures have incremental information content beyond that of historical earnings and its cash and accrual components. This study also examined whether the cash and accrual
components of earnings have incremental information content beyond that of earnings.
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Hounsou-gbo, Gbekpo Aubains. „Dinâmica do Atlântico tropical e seus impactos sobre o clima ao longo da costa do Nordeste do Brasil“. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/16068.
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As interações do sistema oceano-atmosfera no Atlântico tropical e suas contribuições à grande variabilidade da precipitação ao longo da costa do nordeste do Brasil (NEB) foram investigadas para os anos de 1974-2008. Os núcleos das estações chuvosas de Março-Abril e de Junho-Julho foram identificados para a parte norte do Nordeste do Brasil (NNEB) e a parte leste do Nordeste do Brasil (ENEB), respectivamente. As regressões lineares defasadas entre as anomalias da Temperatura da Superfície do Mar (TSM), da Pseudo tensão de cisalhamento de vento (PWS), do Fluxo de calor latente (LHF), da Umidade especifica do ar, e as anomalias (positivas e negativas) de precipitação forte no NNEB e no ENEB mostram que a variabilidade da precipitação dessas regiões é diferentemente influenciada pela dinâmica do Atlântico tropical. Quando a zona de convergência intertropical (ZCIT) é anormalmente deslocada para o sul alguns meses antes da estação chuvosa do NNEB, a fase negativa do Modo Meridional do Atlântico (AMM) (fortalecimento dos ventos alísios do nordeste, relaxamento dos ventos alísios do sudeste, maior evaporação no hemisfério norte, menor evaporação no hemisfério sul, TSM mais fria no hemisfério norte, e TSM mais quente no hemisfério Sul), aumenta a precipitação durante a estação chuvosa. O efeito oposto ocorre durante a fase positiva do AMM. Além disso, o estudo mostra a grande influência e um efeito preditivo da região Noroeste do Atlântico Equatorial noroeste (NWEA) sobre a precipitação do NNEB. Com relação ao estado subsuperficial do oceano, os resultados indicam que uma camada de barreira mais fina na NWEA de Novembro-Dezembro até Março-Abril é associada ao resfriamento progressivo da TSM, ao reforço do componente meridional do vento nordeste e precipitações intensas sobre o NNEB. Já a influência da dinâmica do Atlântico tropical sobre a variabilidade da precipitação no ENEB em Junho-Julho indica uma propagação para noroeste de uma área de forte correlação positiva de TSM e de Umidade específica do ar, deslocando-se da parte sudeste do Atlântico tropical (de Fevereiro-Março) para a região da Piscina Quente do Atlântico Sudoeste (SAWP), situada ao largo do Brasil (Junho-Julho). A área de propagação das anomalias, observada segue globalmente o caminho do ramo sul da Corrente Sul Equatorial (sSEC), que é responsável pelo transporte de calor oceânico de leste para oeste no Atlântico tropical sul. O deslocamento da fase mais quente da advecção horizontal de calor oceânico, na camada de mistura, de leste da bacia (entre 5º-15ºS) para a costa do Brasil em Junho-Agosto corrobora a influência da sSEC sobre o núcleo da chuva do ENEB. Uma aceleração dos ventos alísios de sudeste, associada a uma convergência da anomalia do vento sobre a SAWP, produz excesso de umidade do ar sobre a região e provoca mais precipitação sobre ENEB. O efeito oposto ocorre para os episódios menos chuvosos. De acordo com o estudo, a SAWP se mostra como uma área de potencial para o estabelecimento de um índice de previsão de chuvas no ENEB.
Tropical Atlantic Ocean-atmosphere interactions and their contributions to strong variability of rainfall along the Northeast Brazilian coast (NEB) were investigated for the years 1974-2008. The core rainy seasons of March-April and June-July were identified for northern Northeast Brazil (NNEB) and eastern Northeast Brazil (ENEB), respectively. Lagged linear regressions between sea surface temperature (SST), pseudo wind stress (PWS), latent heat flux (LHF) and air specific humidity anomalies over the entire tropical Atlantic and strong rainfall anomalies in NNEB and ENEB show that the rainfall variability of these regions is differentially influenced by the dynamics of the tropical Atlantic. When the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is abnormally displaced southward a few months prior to the NNEB rainy season, the associated meridional mode (strengthening of the northeast trade winds, relaxation of the southeast trade winds, strong evaporation in the north, weak evaporation in the south, colder SST in the North, and warmer SST in the South) increases precipitation during the rainy season. The opposite effect occurs during the positive phase of the dipole. Additionally, this study shows strong influence and predictive effect of the Northwestern Equatorial Atlantic (NWEA) on the NNEB rainfall. Thinner barrier layer in the NWEA from November-December to March-April is associated with progressive cooling of SST, strengthening of meridional component of the northeasterly wind and intense precipitations over the NNEB. The dynamical influence of the tropical Atlantic on the June-July ENEB rainfall variability shows a northwestward-propagating area of strong, positively correlated SST and air specific humidity from the southeastern tropical Atlantic (February-March) to the Southwestern Atlantic Warm Pool (SAWP) offshore of Brazil (June-July). The northwestward-propagating area, observed from February-March to June-July, follows the same pathway of the southern branch of south equatorial current (sSEC), which is responsible of the oceanic heat transport from east to west in the southern tropical Atlantic. The displacement of the warmest phase of horizontal advection of the oceanic mixed layer heat from the eastern part (between 5-15ºS) to the Brazilian coast in June-August confirms this influence of the sSEC on core rainy season in the ENEB. Furthermore, according to our study, the SAWP could be used as index of rainfall prediction in ENEB. An early acceleration of the southeasterly trade winds, associated with a strong convergence of the wind anomaly over the SAWP, produces excessive humidity over the region and causes more precipitation over ENEB. The opposite effect occurs for less rainy episodes.
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Zaki, Mohamed. „Réactivité et hémisynthèse des constituants majoritaires, de type eudesmanes, contenus dans des extraits de Dittrichia Viscosa“. Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE2014/document.
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Au cours de ces dernières années, les sesquiterpénoïdes de type eudesmane et leurs activités biologiques font l'objet de nombreuses études phytochimiques et pharmacologiques, ainsi que des recherches de voies de synthèse et d'hémisynthèse. Pour notre part, nous nous sommes intéressés à la synthèse des analogues de types eudesmanes par fonctionnalisation des constituants majoritaires de Dittrichia Viscosa. Dans le premier chapitre, nous avons donné un rappel bibliographique sur l’aspect botanique de Dittrichia Viscosa, ainsi qu’une description phytochimique qui montre que cette plante renferme différents constituants : terpénödes, flavonoïdes, phénylpropanoïdes et polycétides présentant des propriétés pharmacologiques variés. Dans le deuxième chapitre, et après un rappel bibliographique sur les différents types d’eudesmane et l’extraction et la purification des produits majoritaires de Dittrichia Viscosa (l'acide α-costique, l'acide ilicique et la tomentosine), nous avons réalisé l’étude des réarrangements des époxy-eudesmanes par catalyse acide et la synthèse de l'aldéhyde α-costal et ses analogues. Nous avons aussi mise au point des conditions réactionnelles de fonctionnalisation de la double liaison C11-C13 par couplage de Heck permettant l’accès à des librairies d'eudesmanes arylés en position 13. En fin, le dernier chapitre est consacré à l’étude de la réactivité de la tomentosine vis-à-vis des additions nucléophiles (type Addition de Michael) et des additions 1,3 dipolaire (des nitrones et des oxydes de nitrile) sur la double liaison conjuguée exo-cycliqueIn recent years, the sesquiterpenoids eudesmane type and their biological activities are subject to numerous phytochemical and pharmacological studies and research of synthetic and semisynthetic routes. For our part, we are interested in the synthesis of similar types of eudesmanes by functionalization of the major constituents of Dittrichia Viscosa. In the first part we gave a bibliographical recall on the botanical aspect of Dittrichia Viscosa and a phytochemical description shows that this plant contains various constituents: terpénödes, flavonoids, phenylpropanoids and polyketides with various pharmacological properties. In the second part, and after giving a bibliographical recall of the different types of eudesmane and extraction and purification of major products of Dittrichia Viscosa (α-costique acid, ilicique acid and tomentosin), we realized the study of epoxy eudesmanes rearrangements by acid catalysis and the synthesis of α-costal aldehyde and its analogues. We also focus on the reaction conditions for functionalization of C11-C13 dual link Heck coupling allowing access to libraries eudesmanes aryl in position 13. In the last part, we are interested to the study of the reactivity of the tomentosin with nucleophilic additions (type Michael Addition) and 1,3-dipolar additions (nitrones and nitrile oxides) on the double link exo-cyclic combined
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Lind, Peter A. „Evolutionary Dynamics of Mutation and Gene Transfer in Bacteria“. Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk biokemi och mikrobiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-132262.
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The study of bacterial evolution is fundamental for addressing current problems of antibiotic resistance and emerging infectious diseases and lays a solid foundation for successful and rational design in biotechnology and synthetic biology. The main aim of this thesis is to test evolutionary hypotheses, largely based on theoretical considerations and sequence analysis, by designing scenarios in a laboratory setting to obtain experimental data. Paper I examines how genomic GC-content can be reduced following a change in mutation rate and spectrum. Transcription-related biases in mutation location were found, but no replicative bias was detected. Paper II explores the distribution of fitness effects of random substitutions in two ribosomal protein genes using a highly sensitive fitness assay. The substitutions had a weakly deleterious effect, with low frequencies of both neutral and inactivating mutations. The surprising finding that synonymous and non-synonymous substitutions have very similar distribution of fitness effects suggests that, at least for these genes, fitness constraints are present mainly on the level of mRNA instead of protein. Paper III examines selective barriers to inter-species gene transfer by constructing mutants with a native gene replaced by an orthologue from another species. Results suggest that the fitness costs of these gene replacements are large enough to provide a barrier to this kind of horizontal gene transfer in nature. The paper also examines possible compensatory mechanisms that can reduce the cost of the poorly functioning alien genes and found that gene amplification acts as a first step to improve the selective contribution after transfer. Paper IV investigates the fitness constraints on horizontal gene transfer by inserting DNA from other species into the Salmonella chromosome. Results suggest that insertion of foreign DNA often is neutral and the manuscript provides new experimental data for theoretical analysis of interspecies genome variation and horizontal gene transfer between species.
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Navid, Sara. „Extending our understanding of Islamic banking through questioning assumptions and drawing unprecedented comparisons“. Thesis, Loughborough University, 2018. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/36295.
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This thesis challenges two key assumptions made in the current Islamic banking literature. Firstly, this thesis challenges and empirically invalidates the assumption that all Islamic banks are indistinguishable from their conventional counterparts and are thus equally unIslamic. To do so, this thesis uses the profit and loss sharing (PLS) criteria, which is central to the philosophy of Islamic banking and is the key principle differentiating Islamic from conventional banking, in theory and practice. By investigating variation in PLS levels between Islamic banks and comparing with conventional banks with and without Islamic windows, this thesis illustrates that the Islamic banking industry does not comprise a homogeneous group of banks that are all indistinguishable from their conventional counterparts. Rather, a typology of Islamic banks exists, comprising of three distinct groups of banks, each one following a different business model. While one group can genuinely be considered indistinguishable from conventional banks, another group shows clear evidence of pursuing PLS-oriented strategies in formulating its asset portfolio, differentiating itself from the purely debt-based intermediation model adopted by conventional banks. As such, empirical evidence shows that some Islamic banks are, in practice, operating closer to the PLS principle and can thus be considered more Islamic than others. Further investigation illustrates that the institutional environment matters for the provision of ideal PLS Islamic financing instruments. Secondly, this thesis overcomes two methodological issues to compare the corporate social performance (CSP) of Islamic and conventional banks. In doing so, this thesis challenges the second identified assumption from the literature, that religion-specific category of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is particular to Islamic banking, and invalidates it on conceptual, theoretical and empirical basis. A novel CSP Index based on the evidence-based disclosure criteria, comprising of 6 dimensions and 25 social performance indicators is constructed and complemented with three Social Performance Quantitative Indicators (SPQIs) to compare the CSP of Islamic and conventional banks. From this comparison, this thesis concludes that, contrary to the industry s claims and expectations held of it, Islamic banking does not offer an ethical alternative to conventional banking. Differences in the level and composition of CSP between the two industries are more subtle and require a nuanced approach to be studied.
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Salamati, Zahra. „Designing Interaction Equivalency in Distance Education“. Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16887.
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The fundamental advancement of information technology has given rise to distance education industry hence it has helped to the popularity of distance education among people. However, for employing innovative and advanced tools universities need financial resources. Reaching to these resources is not easy and accessible. Interaction equivalency theorem can be a good solution for overcoming the financial problems but designers are reluctant to utilize it because they think that education quality will decrease due to lack of teacher interaction. This study demonstrated that students’ perception toward interaction equivalency is positive as long as they have high level of interdependency with other students. Without this level of, students are not motivated in order to continue their courses. This study by providing techno-pedagogical design and IS design theory for support of IE helps e-learning practitioners who want to design an acceptable distance educational system with limited financial resources.Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik
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Jayaraman, Sambhavi. „A Structure based Methodology for Retrieving Similar Rasters and Images“. University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1428048689.
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Marcinkowska, Anna. „Exploratory study of market entry strategies for digital payment platforms“. Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-147994.
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The digital payment industry has become one of the fastest evolving markets in the world, but in the wake of its rapid advancement, an ever increasing gap between academic theory and the actual reality of this market widens - and especially so when it comes to entry theory. It is widely acknowledged that the world is moving towards an ever more homogeneous economy, but despite the fact that payment preferences differ greatly from country to country - research on this subject continues to revolve mainly around localized efforts. But as historical inequalities between poor and rich societies continue to dissipate - learning from nations at the forefront of technological advancement increases the likelihood that the developed strategy becomes applicable to an increased number of countries. By selecting a nation most conducive to technological growth, the purpose of this report is to map the present dynamics in its digital payment industry using both recent and traditional market entry theory. However, studies geared towards globalized strategy formulation cannot be assumed as having guaranteed access to internal company-data at all times. So in order to facilitate such studies, the level of dependency on primary data required for conducting such research needs to be understood first, which is why the work in this report is constrained strictly to data of secondary nature. This, not only to further map the characteristics of this market, but also to see how open the market is to public inspection. Ultimately, the academic contribution becomes that of providing a road-map towards adapting currently available market entry theory to suit the rapidly evolving conditions of the digital payment industry from a global perspective and, when failing to do so, the aim is to also explore avenues for further research towards this end goal.
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Amble, Meghana Mukund. „Content-aware Caching and Traffic Management in Content Distribution Networks“. Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2010-12-8587.
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The rapid increase of content delivery over the Internet has lead to the proliferation of content distribution networks (CDNs). Management of CDNs requires algorithms for request routing, content placement, and eviction in such a way that user delays are small. Our objective in this work is to design feasible algorithms that solve this trio of problems. We abstract the system of front-end source nodes and back-end caches of the CDN in the likeness of the input and output nodes of a switch. In this model, queues of requests for different pieces of content build up at the source nodes, which route these requests to a cache that contains the content. For each request that is routed to a cache, a corresponding data file is transmitted back to the source across links of finite capacity. Caches are of finite size, and the content of the caches can be refreshed periodically. A requested but missing item is fetched to the cache from the media vault of the CDN. In case of a lack of adequate space at the cache, an existing, unrequested item may be evicted from the cache in order to accommodate a new item. Every such cache refresh or media vault access incurs a finite cost. Hence the refresh periodicity allowed to the system represents our system cost. In order to obtain small user delays, our algorithms must consider the lengths of the request queues that build up at the nodes. Stable policies ensure the finiteness of the request queues, while good polices also lead to short queue lengths. We first design a throughput-optimal algorithm that solves the routing-placement eviction problem using instantaneous system state information. The design yields insight into the impact of different cache refresh and eviction policies on queue length. We use this and construct throughput optimal algorithms that engender short queue lengths. We then propose a regime of algorithms which remedies the inherent problem of wastage of capacity. We also develop heuristic variants, and we study their performance. We illustrate the potential of our approach and validate all our claims and results through simulations on different CDN topologies.
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Huang, Yi-ren, und 黃怡仁. „Study on Communication Cost for Content-Aware Mobile Databases in M-Commerce“. Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15752660758952634067.
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碩士義守大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
93
In recent years, the wireless and mobile communication technology is becoming mature and popular. With the mobile communication service, researchers explore and develop many versatile M-commerce applications such as navigation service, etc. Thus, the content-aware mobile database becomes a crucial research topic. In this thesis, we study the system architecture for the content-aware mobile database for M-commerce and investigate the data replication and caching strategies for such a mobile database. A data replication strategy is employed between central server and local servers, and three caching approaches, i.e., index caching, judicious caching, and pre-fetch caching, are analyzed in this study. Furthermore, we analyze and evaluate the total communication cost of the system through simulation experiments. We set up a simplified model for the mobile database for the simulation study. Our simulation experiments explore how the three parameters, access probability, mobility, and the hit ratio, affect the total communication cost with respect to three different caching approaches. Moreover, we further investigate how the unit cost of communicating through mobile networks affects the total communication cost.
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Hsieh, Ya-Fang, und 謝雅芳. „Positive Example Learning for Content-Based Recommendations: A Cost-Sensitive Learning-Based Approach“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37ng8e.
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碩士國立嘉義大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
97
In online retailing, vendors provide customers with an abundant range of products and voluminous product information that often leads to information overload, thus making customers’ product selection difficult and adversely affecting their shopping experiences. Existing supervised learning techniques can support product recommendations in different scenarios. However, they become ineffective in online retailing because of the single-class learning challenge, characterized by a training sample consisted of some positive examples and a much greater number of unlabeled examples. In this study, we address the limitations inherent in prior proposed single-class learning-based techniques, by proposing COst-sensitive Learning-based Positive Example Learning (COLPEL) capable of constructing an automated classifier from a single-class training sample. COLPEL employs cost-proportionate rejection sampling to derive from the unlabeled examples a subset likely to be negative examples, on the basis of the respective misclassification costs. COLPEL adopts a committee machine strategy, whereby a set of automated classifiers are constructed and used together to reduce the probable biases common to the use of a single classifier. We empirically evaluate the effectiveness of COLPEL, using customers’ book ratings on the Amazon web site and including PNB and PEBL for performance benchmark purposes. Overall, our evaluation results show that COLPEL outperforms the benchmarks PNB and PEBL, as measured by accuracy, positive F1 score, and negative F1 score.
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Tun-yen, Wang, und 王敦彥. „Timing and contents of new product preannouncements on adoptive behavior within the different switching costs“. Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29021901936131260341.
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Chen, I.-Lien, und 陳依蓮. „Content is king? The impact of content marketing on purchase intention of online consumers: a study of Facebook content strategy of low-cost carriers in Taiwan“. Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uks44p.
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碩士國立政治大學
國際傳播英語碩士學位學程(IMICS)
106
The research seeks to understand the relationship between Facebook content, user engagement, and online consumers’ purchase intention of low-cost carriers (LCCs) in Taiwan. By analyzing the data of Facebook Business Manager, and distributing online surveys (N=331) among Taiwanese online consumers of LCCs, the result demonstrated a positive relationship between the content of LCCs’ Facebook Pages, the engagement with LCCs’ Facebook Pages, the reliability and image of LCCs, and the purchase intention of LCCs. Moreover, respondents who have become fans of LCCs’ Facebook Pages have more positive sentiments towards the content, more engagement, and higher purchase intention. For the ‘super fans’ who view and interact with the Pages for once or twice or more per week, they react more positively towards LCCs’ Facebook content, more engagement, and higher purchase intention. Airfare promotion is the most popular type of content that fans engage with. The research contributes to understanding the LCC’s content marketing trends in Taiwanese market and the key factors that influence purchase intention.
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Liu, Sheng-Szu, und 劉聖慈. „Cost-Sharing Contract in Consideration of Network Service Quality between Internet Service Provider and Content Provider“. Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12102967425016214770.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
工業工程學研究所
105
With the popularity of smart devices and the convenience of the internet, global mobile data keeps growing. As network congestion occurs more frequently, users experience internet service with lower quality and start complaining of internet providers. Internet service provider will have higher reputation if service quality is improved, but the maintenance cost of network infrastructure will increase as well. However, content provider will gain more benefits without paying additional cost after infrastructure expansion. Therefore, internet service provider has no incentive to expand the scale of capacity. In this research, we consider a cost-sharing contract between internet service provider and content provider, and analyze the problem by backward induction. In basic model, content provider decides the subscription price of content after internet service provider decides the scale of capacity provided to users for connecting to the internet. This research considers different cooperation scenario, in which content provider and internet service provider are able to make different decisions, that is, the scale of capacity or the proportion of maintenance cost shared by content provider. Through numerical analysis, we show that internet service provider will have incentive to expand the scale of infrastructure capacity without sacrificing content provider’s utility through cost-sharing contract, and more users can experience internet service with better quality at the same time.
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Lai, Tsung-Sheng, und 賴聰勝. „Local Grouping Algorithm for Synthesizing Low-Cost Parameter Extractor of Low-Power Pre-computation-Based Content Addressable Memory“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36531438111039951751.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
97
Content addressable memory (CAM) plays an important role on the performance of some devices due to the high speed of CAM. But the power consumption of CAM is also high. In this work, we propose a synthesis algorithm to synthesize the parameter extractor for low-power pre-computation-base CAM (PB-CAM) such that the data can be mapped to parameters uniformly and the cost of the parameter extractor can also be lower. Moreover, we also propose a method to reduce the impact on mapping data to parameters when most data are identical in some data blocks. In the experimental results, the average reduction of the power consumption can achieve 58.88% and the number of CMOS transistors can save 0.53% when compared with Gate-Block Selection algorithm. If the Gate-Block Selection algorithm is also enhanced by our proposed discard and interlaced method (DAI method) then the power consumption can still be reduced by 13%.
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Jiang, Jianmin, und Y. Weng. „Video extraction for fast content access to MPEG compressed videos“. 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/2785.
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NoAs existing video processing technology is primarily developed in the pixel domain yet digital video is stored in compressed format, any application of those techniques to compressed videos would require decompression. For discrete cosine transform (DCT)-based MPEG compressed videos, the computing cost of standard row-by-row and column-by-column inverse DCT (IDCT) transforms for a block of 8 8 elements requires 4096 multiplications and 4032 additions, although practical implementation only requires 1024 multiplications and 896 additions. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to extract videos directly from MPEG compressed domain (DCT domain) without full IDCT, which is described in three extraction schemes: 1) video extraction in 2 2 blocks with four coefficients; 2) video extraction in 4 4 blocks with four DCT coefficients; and 3) video extraction in 4 4 blocks with nine DCT coefficients. The computing cost incurred only requires 8 additions and no multiplication for the first scheme, 2 multiplication and 28 additions for the second scheme, and 47 additions (no multiplication) for the third scheme. Extensive experiments were carried out, and the results reveal that: 1) the extracted video maintains competitive quality in terms of visual perception and inspection and 2) the extracted videos preserve the content well in comparison with those fully decompressed ones in terms of histogram measurement. As a result, the proposed algorithm will provide useful tools in bridging the gap between pixel domain and compressed domain to facilitate content analysis with low latency and high efficiency such as those applications in surveillance videos, interactive multimedia, and image processing.
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Huang, Chen-Tung, und 黃振東. „Cost-Effectiveness Analysis on Biodiversity、Greenery、Soil Water Content and Waste Reduction of Green Building for Primary and Junior High Schools“. Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35069801312483027780.
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碩士逢甲大學
建築所
97
ABSTRACT The environment has been badly deteriorated since the industrial revolution. According to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, major global environmental issues include: soil and soil protection, desertification, damage of the tropical forest, safeguarding of water resources, fish and wile life preservation, and suitability of resources. (Guan-Xiong Wang 2004) Ever since the hosting of United Nation Conference for Environment and Development (UNCED) in Rio Brazil in 1992, the subject of “sustainable development” and “Environmentalism” have become mine stream topics around the globe. The building industry in Taiwan is responsible for the highest density of the concrete all of the world, and it’s CO2 emission has accounted 27.22% of the entire nation.(ABRI, MOI, 2001). In order to progress on the Green Building Policies, ABRI, MOI initiated “Introduction and Audition of Green building Handbook” in 1999, as the indicating reference for assessing green buildings. This research aims to re-evaluate cases of Primary and junior high schools in Taiwan that did pass the Green Building auditions, by the cost-efficiency point of view on different Green Building techniques that were applied. Empirical data of which is presented as the cost-effective diagrams to give an overview of green buildings in Primary and junior high schools in Taiwan. The cost and effectiveness analysis indicates that green buildings are not necessarily more expensive then buildings of other techniques.
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Kaniki, Sheshangai. „The legal environment and finance: evidence from East Africa“. Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/4789.
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This dissertation examines the effect of the legal environment on access to several types
of external finance, and on the decision to invest, for the 3 countries that make up the
East African Community (EAC). The results suggest that well defined creditor rights are
positively correlated with access to bank loans. Strong creditor rights places pressure on
firms to keep good quality financial records. More lending takes place in this
environment. A good quality legal system also improves access to non-bank finance,
namely trade credit and leasing finance. The analysis demonstrates that collateral in the
form of machinery and equipment improves access to bank finance. Collateral appears to
be of greater importance when legal enforcement costs are relatively low and
information asymmetry is more acute. The results also show that the property rights
environment is important for investment. However, the protection of property rights has a
more meaningful effect on investment in an environment where the costs of corruption
are lower and courts are more efficient. Access to bank finance has a significant positive
effect on investment. Thus, a legal system that improves the flow of funds from banks to
firms promotes growth enhancing activities. Internal sources of finance are also found to
be important for investment. It is recommended that strong emphasis is placed on
improving the laws protecting the rights of creditors over property pledged as collateral
and over information they can obtain from debtors. Debtor rights over assets in their
possession should also be strengthened.
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Tsai, Sheng-jung, und 蔡聖忠. „The Incremental Information Content of Disclosing the Accounting Policy for Research and Development Costs— The Empirical Research of the Listed Electronic Companies in Taiwan“. Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53110477830346678538.
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碩士雲林科技大學
會計系研究所
99
The study is intended to research whether there is any incremental information content about the companies whose financial statements disclose some materials about the difference of the accounting policy of research and development costs. By studying the electronic-related industries of the listed companies in Taiwan, which have large percentage of research and development costs and analyzing the connection between the share prices and financial statements of some companies in 2008, the hypothesis of this study was empirically supported. The variation of earnings and profit and the variation of the intensity on research and development costs are broadly in line with expectations. In addition, the connection between the virtual variation of disclosing the accounting policy of research and development costs and the intensity of research and development costs are obviously positive. The study indicated that the difference of the accounting policy of research and development costs could convey a message about the difference of the tribute of some companies'' research and development costs, and furthermore, we could realize the traits of some companies'' innovative activities about research and development. The result of this study will contribute to investment decisions and reference to other related analyses.
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Lin, Pei Hua, und 林珮華. „The Content of Conference Call and Cost of Capital: Evidence from High-Technology Firms 指導教授：詹凌菁 博士 研 究 生：林珮華 撰 中 華“. Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01246303190596231258.
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碩士國立政治大學
會計研究所
101
Firms often voluntary disclose company-specific information by holding conference calls, which could alleviate information asymmetry between management and investors. High-technology firms focus on innovation activities, and they tend to provide more information than firms in other industry sectors. Using a sample of publicly listed firms in Taiwan, we explore the extent to which the richness of the content and the type of information disclosed affects the cost of capital. We find that when high-technology firms disclose more company-specific information to the public, they enjoy lower costs of equity capital while incur higher costs of debt. Specifically, we find that information related to innovation strategy and human capital is negatively associated with costs of equity capital. This result is more evident if firms disclose such information more frequently in conference calls. However, the disclosures of information on innovation strategy, expansion and financing are positively associated with costs of debt capital.
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Nortjé, André. „Inligtingswaarde van dividende“. Diss., 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/15666.
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Die studie ondersoek die inligtingswaarde van dividende as 'n moontlike verldaring van
die waargenome aandeleprysreaksie op dividendaankondigings. Twee algemene hipoteses
is getoets, naamlik dat 'n betekenisvolle verandering in 'n maatskappy se dividendbeleid
inligting oor daardie maatskappy se toekomstige verdienste per aandeel bevat, en
tweedens dat hierdie inligting in die reaksie van aandelepryse na die aankondiging van
die verandering gereflekteer word.
Die belangrikste bevindinge is soos volg:
• Die inligting vervat in huidige dividendaankondigings kan nie deur beleggers
gebruik word om die volgende jaar se verdienste per aandeel van 'n maatskappy
te voorspel nie.
Die aandeleprysreaksie op positiewe, negatiewe en neutrale nuus is statisties
beduidend, maar vind hoofsaaklik in dieselfde rigting plaas. Beleggers sou dus nie
die inligting vervat in dividendaankondigings kan gebruik om bogemiddelde
opbrengskoerse te genereer nie.
• Die inligtingswaarde van dividende is dus 'n onwaarskynlike verldaring van die
invloed van 'n maatskappy se dividendbeleid op die waarde van sy gewone
aandele.This research investigates the information content of dividends as a possible explanation for the observed share price reaction to dividend announcements. Two hypotheses were tested, namely that a significant change in a company's dividend policy contains information on that company's future earnings per share, and secondly, that this information is reflected in the share price reaction after the announcement of the change. The most important findings are as follows: • Investors cannot use the information contained in current dividend announcements to predict a company's earnings per share for the next year. • Share price reactions to positive, negative and neutral news are statistically significant, but will be in the same direction. Hence investors cannot use this information to generate above-normal returns. The information content of dividends is therefore an unlikely explanation of the influence a company's dividend policy has on the value of its ordinary shares.
Business Management
MCom (Sakebestuur)