Dissertationen zum Thema „Contrôle optimal de la température“
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Nassiopoulos, Alexandre. „Identification rapide de la température dans les structures du génie civil“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003729.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNabolsi, Hawraa. „Contrôle optimal des équations d'évolution et ses applications“. Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0027/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis begins with a rigorous mathematical analysis of the radiative heating of a semi-transparent body made of glass, by a black radiative source surrounding it. This requires the study of the coupling between quasi-steady radiative transfer boundary value problems with nonhomogeneous reflectivity boundary conditions (one for each wavelength band in the semi-transparent electromagnetic spectrum of the glass) and a nonlinear heat conduction evolution equation with a nonlinear Robin boundary condition which takes into account those wavelengths for which the glass behaves like an opaque body. We prove existence and uniqueness of the solution, and give also uniform bounds on the solution i.e. on the absolute temperature distribution inside the body and on the radiative intensities. Now, we consider the temperature $T_{S}$ of the black radiative source S surrounding the semi-transparent body $\Omega$ as the control variable. We adjust the absolute temperature distribution (x, t) 7! T(x, t) inside the semi-transparent body near a desired temperature distribution Td(·, ·) during the time interval of radiative heating ]0, tf [ by acting on $T_{S}$. In this respect, we introduce the appropriate cost functional and the set of admissible controls $T_{S}$, for which we prove the existence of optimal controls. Introducing the State Space and the State Equation, a first order necessary condition for a control $T_{S}$ : t 7! $T_{S}$ (t) to be optimal is then derived in the form of a Variational Inequality by using the Implicit Function Theorem and the adjoint problem. We come now to the goal problem which is the deformation of the semi-transparent body $\Omega$ by heating it with a black radiative source surrounding it. We introduce a weak mixed formulation of this thermoviscoelasticity problem and study the existence and uniqueness of its solution, the novelty here with respect to the work of M.E. Rognes et R. Winther (M3AS, 2010) being the apparition of the viscosity in some of the coefficients of the constitutive equation, viscosity which depends on the absolute temperature T(x, t) and thus in particular on the time t. Finally, we state in this setting the related optimal control problem of the deformation of the semi-transparent body $\Omega$, by acting on the absolute temperature of the black radiative source surrounding it. We prove the existence of an optimal control and we compute the Fréchet derivative of the associated reduced cost functional
Gavan, Valentin. „Full-Scale experimental evaluation and modelling of a double-skin façade : optimal control of thermal and visual comfort“. Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0074/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe double-skin façade system (DSF) is a system consisting of two glass skins placed in such a way that air flows within the intermediate cavity. Without a good understanding of how the DSF performs, a complete appreciation of the interactive relationships between the envelope and equipment systems cannot be obtained. An extended experimental campaign in controlled climatic conditions was carried out on a full scale DSF. This experimental campaign was complete by a modelling and validation part which allowed the creation of a dedicated simulation platform for the study and the development of different control strategies
Greiner, Eric. „Mise en oeuvre de méthodes de contrôle optimal pour l'assimilation de données in situ et satellitaires dans les modèles océaniques“. Paris 6, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA066108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleYin, Liangzhen. „Intelligent control for performance optimization of proton exchange membrane fuel cell system“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCA013.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleProton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) system has been considered as the new power generation technology as it has the advantage of high power density, zero emission, high efficiency, and fast start-up characteristics. Therefore, this thesis is devoted to researching system integration, system parameter trcking control, and system performance optimization for open-cathode and closed-cathode PEMFC systems. For open-cathode PEMFC system, the stack temperature is the key factor sffecting the output performance of the system. In order to improve the dynamic temperature tracking performance under load changing conditions, adaptive inverse control and grey prediction based model free adaptive control is proposed for optimal temperature control of system. Further, in order to enhance the system efficiency of system, a maximum efficiency control strategy based on maximum efficiency optimization and constraint generalized predictive control is proposed in this thesis. For closed-cathode PEMFC system, considering the existed nonlinearity and strong coupling between operating parameters such as stack temperature and oxygen excess ratio (OER), a dual loop multivariable control strategy based on MIMO model free adaptive sliding mode control is proposed for stack temperature and air flow rate regulation of closed-cathode PEMFC system. Moreover, a 300 W open-cathode PEMFC system test bench and a 5-kW closed-cathode PEMFC system tests bench are established. All the control strategies and the performance optimization strategies are verified on the established test bench of open-cathode and closed-cathode PEMFC systems
Massire, Aurélien. „Non-selective Refocusing Pulse Design in Parallel Transmission for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Brain at Ultra High Field“. Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112180/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), the increase of the static magnetic field strength is used to provide in theory a higher signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the overall image quality. The purpose of ultra-high-field MRI is to achieve a spatial image resolution sufficiently high to be able to distinguish structures so fine that they are currently impossible to view in a non-invasive manner. However, at such static magnetic fields strengths, the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves sent to flip the water proton spins is of the same order of magnitude than the scanned object. Interference wave phenomena are then observed, which are caused by the radiofrequency (RF) field inhomogeneity within the object. These generate signal and/or contrast artifacts in MR images, making their exploitation difficult, if not impossible, in certain areas of the body. It is therefore crucial to provide solutions to mitigate the non-uniformity of the spins excitation. Failing this, these imaging systems with very high fields will not reach their full potential.For relevant high field clinical diagnosis, it is therefore necessary to create RF pulses homogenizing the excitation of all spins (here of the human brain), and optimized for each individual to be imaged. For this, an 8-channel parallel transmission system (pTX) was installed in our 7 Tesla scanner. While most clinical MRI systems only use a single transmission channel, the pTX extension allows to simultaneously playing various forms of RF pulses on all channels. The resulting sum of the interference must be optimized in order to reduce the non-uniformity typically seen.The objective of this thesis is to synthesize this type of tailored RF pulses, using parallel transmission. These pulses will have as an additional constraint the compliance with the international exposure limits for radiofrequency exposure, which induces a temperature rise in the tissue. In this sense, many electromagnetic and temperature simulations were carried out as an introduction of this thesis, in order to assess the relationship between the recommended RF exposure limits and the temperature rise actually predicted in tissues.This thesis focuses specifically on the design of all RF refocusing pulses used in non-selective MRI sequences based on the spin-echo. Initially, only one RF pulse was generated for a simple application: the reversal of spin dephasing in the transverse plane, as part of a classic spin echo sequence. In a second time, sequences with very long refocusing echo train applied to in vivo imaging are considered. In all cases, the mathematical operator acting on the magnetization, and not its final state as is done conventionally, is optimized. The gain in high field imaging is clearly visible, as the necessary mathematical operations (that is to say, the rotation of the spins) are performed with a much greater fidelity than with the methods of the state of the art. For this, the generation of RF pulses is combining a k-space-based spin excitation method, the kT-points, and an optimization algorithm, called Gradient Ascent Pulse Engineering (GRAPE), using optimal control.This design is relatively fast thanks to analytical calculations rather than finite difference methods. The inclusion of a large number of parameters requires the use of GPUs (Graphics Processing Units) to achieve computation times compatible with clinical examinations. This method of designing RF pulses has been experimentally validated successfully on the NeuroSpin 7 Tesla scanner, with a cohort of healthy volunteers. An imaging protocol was developed to assess the image quality improvement using these RF pulses compared to typically used non-optimized RF pulses. All methodological developments made during this thesis have contributed to improve the performance of ultra-high-field MRI in NeuroSpin, while increasing the number of MRI sequences compatible with parallel transmission
Pennequin, Denis. „Contrôle optimal et oscillations“. Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuichaoua, Philippe. „Etude théorique, optimisation et simulation numérique d'un procédé de régulation thermique“. Saint-Etienne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STET4006.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDehbi, Nacima. „Contrôle optimal : optimisation d'une production céréalière“. Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00802435.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMoussouni, Dehbi Nacima. „Contrôle optimal : optimisation d'une production céréalière“. Thesis, Orléans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ORLE2041/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this work, we have solved two practices problems in agriculture by modeling in problems of optimal control. An emphasis is placed on nonlinear control optimal problems, since the output of the resulting models are nonlinear. It provided a way to choose defaults for the weight between minimizing pollution caused by an improper addition of fertilizers and insecticides and maximize cereal production. The first problem is to maximize cereal production taking into account the detrimental effects of pollution generated by adding abusive fertilizers. Subsequently, the second problem, we refined the first problem by introducing the constraint of the presence of locusts. For digital applications, were used actual data from the Algerian Ministry of Agriculture and Data from the National Institute of Plant Protection (INPV)
Hindawi, Mohamad-Ahed. „Transport optimal en théorie du contrôle“. Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4108.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe study the mass transportation problem where the assumed cost function is associated to a control system. We are interested in the existence, uniqueness and the regularity of an optimal transport map. At first, we associate to the cost function of the transport problem an optimal control problem of type LQ. There we prove results about existence, uniqueness and regularity of the transport map. The regularity property that we had obtained uses the regularity property in Brenier case after certain construction. Then we associate to the cost function of the assumed transport problem a control system defined on a Lie group. Here we obtain the existence, uniqueness and the regularity of the transport map. In particular we treat the case where the system is bilinear. Finally we study the aforementioned problem but this time we associate to the cost function an affine-control system. Under certain hypothesis, controllability and the absence of singular minimizing controls, we obtain analogues result as in the previous case
Zhu, Jiamin. „Contrôle optimal de l'attitude d'un lanceur“. Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we investigate the minimum time control problem for the control and guidance of a launch vehicle, whose motion is described by its attitude kinematics and dynamics but also by its trajectory dynamics. The difficulty of this problem is essentially due to the chattering phenomenon and to the coupling of dynamics of different time scales. With a refined geometric study of the extremals coming from the application of the pontryagin maximum principle, we establish a general result for bi-input control-affine systems, providing sufficient conditions under which the chattering phenomenon occurs. We show how this result can be applied to our problem. Based on this preliminary theoretical analysis, we implement an efficient indirect numerical method, combined with numerical predictor-corrector continuation, in order to compute numerically the optimal solutions of the problem. In case of chattering, two sub-optimal strategies are designed: one is a direct method in which the control is approximated by a piecewise constant control, and the other consists of stopping the continuation procedure before its failure due to chattering. With several additional numerical continuation steps, we apply finally the developed indirect approach to the minimum time-energy pull-up maneuver problem, in which state constraints are also considered, for airborne launchers. Numerical simulations illustrate the efficiency and robustness of our method
Strus, Loïc. „Contrôle de qualité optimal d'applications multimédia“. Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00335812.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStrus, Loïc. „Contrôle de qualité optimal d'applications multimédia“. Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE10134.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWe present a method of fine grain QoS control for multimedia applications. The method allows the control of application software whose actions are parameterized by a quality level parameter and whose execution times are unknown. The method allows the construction of a Controller which computes adequate action schedules and corresponding quality levels, so as to meet safety and optimality for a given platform. In other words, we want to have a maximal utilization of the available time budget without exceed it. The Controller uses a quality management policy for choosing, for each action, a schedule and quality levels meeting the QoS requirements. We extend and improve results of previous into two directions. We propose a symbolic quality management method using speed diagrams, a representation of the controlled system's dynamics. From this representation we propose a method allowing relaxing the number of call to the Controller with respect to the QOS requirements. In a second time, we developed a stochastic approach based on probability distribution functions for the execution time of actions. Our method is parameterized according to the importance attributed to deadline misses. This means that the user is given the possibility to express how hard the real time constraints are. Besides, given a value of the parameter, we can compute the expected deadline miss ratio for the controlled application. We present experimental results including the implementation of the method and benchmarks for a video MPEG4 encoder running on a bare machine
Cots, Olivier. „Contrôle optimal géométrique : méthodes homotopiques et applications“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00742927.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGuilbaud, Fabien. „Contrôle optimal dans des carnets d'ordres limites“. Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00778458.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSainvil, Watson. „Contrôle optimal et application aux énergies renouvelables“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Antilles, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ANTI0894.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleToday, electricity is the easiest form of energy to exploit in the world. However, producing it from fossil sources such as oil, coal, natural gas,…, is the main cause of global warming by emitting a massive amount of greenhouse gases into nature. We need an alternative and fast! The almost daily sunshine and the important quantity of wind should favor the development of renewable energies.In this thesis, the main objective is to apply the optimal control theory to renewable energies in order to convince decision makers to switch to them through mathematical studies. First, we develop a deterministic case based on what has already been done in the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energies in which we formulate two case studies. The first one deals with an optimal control probleminvolving the transition from oil to solar energy. The second deals with an optimal control problem involving the transition from oil to solar and wind energies.Then, we develop a stochastic part in which we treat a stochastic control problem whose objective is to take into account the random aspect of the production of solar energy since we cannot guarantee sufficient daily sunshine
Legrand, Anne-Claire. „Thermographie multispectrale haute et basse température : application au contrôle non destructif“. Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS014.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMaslovskaya, Sofya. „Inverse Optimal Control : theoretical study“. Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLY013/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD thesis is part of a larger project, whose aim is to address the mathematical foundations of the inverse problem in optimal control in order to reach a general methodology usable in neurophysiology. The two key questions are : (a) the uniqueness of a cost for a given optimal synthesis (injectivity) ; (b) the reconstruction of the cost from the synthesis. For general classes of costs, the problem seems very difficult even with a trivial dynamics. Therefore, the injectivity question was treated for special classes of problems, namely, the problems with quadratic cost and a dynamics, which is either non-holonomic (sub-Riemannian geometry) or control-affine. Based on the obtained results, we propose a reconstruction algorithm for the linear-quadratic problem
Dupuis, Xavier. „Contrôle optimal d'équations différentielles avec - ou sans - mémoire“. Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00914246.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBuchot, Jean-Marie. „Stabilisation et contrôle optimal des équations de Prandtl“. Toulouse, ENSAE, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ESAE0003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePeng, Shi Ge. „L'étude des perturbations singulières en contrôle optimal déterministe“. Paris 9, 1985. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1985PA090026.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLeclerc, Erik. „Contrôle sub-optimal pour les écoulements instationnaires turbulents“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20163.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBertrand, Pierre. „Calcul formel et perturbations en contrôle optimal déterministe“. Paris 9, 1987. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1987PA090008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleEl, Alaoui-Faris Yacine. „Modélisation et contrôle optimal de micro-nageurs magnétiques“. Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020COAZ4094.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRobotic micro-swimmers are able to perform small-scale operations such astargeted drug delivery, and minimally invasive medical diagnosis and surgery.However, efficient actuation of these robots becomes more challenging as their size decreases. Hence, wireless actuation is preferable over built-in actuation sources, one of the most popular strategies is the magnetization of parts of the swimmer and its actuation with an external magnetic field. In this thesis, we focus on flexible magnetic micro-swimmers that are similar to spermatozoa in their design and flagellar propulsion. Our goal is to use numerical modeling and optimal control tools to improve the performance of existing swimmers made at the ISIR laboratory (Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique) and to propose a numerical control design method for experimental flexible micro-swimmers.Firstly, a simplified 3D dynamic model of a flexible swimmer has been developed, based on the approximation of hydrodynamic forces and the discretization of the curvature and elasticity of the tail of the swimmer. By fitting the hydrodynamic and elastic parameters of our model accordingly, we are able to obtain propulsion characteristics (mainly the frequency response of the swimmer) close to those experimentally measured. Secondly, we numerically solve the optimal control problem of finding the actuating magnetic fields that maximize the propulsion speed of the experimental swimmer under constraints on the control that reflect the constraints physically imposed on the magnetic field. The optimal magnetic fields found via numerical optimization are then implemented in the ISIR experimental setup in order to benchmark the experimental performance of the computed controls and the ability of the model to predict the trajectories of the experimental swimmer
Margulies, Mathias. „Contrôle optimal du procédé de cristallogenèse Bridgman vertical“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10187.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGrangereau, Maxime. „Contrôle optimal de flexibilités énergétiques en contexte incertain“. Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAX010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this PhD dissertation, we use tools from stochastic optimal control, stochastic optimization and convex optimization to design mechanisms to control energy storage systems, to deal with the challenges created by the uncertain production of intermittent energy sources. First, we introduce a commitment mechanism where an individual consumer chooses a consumption profile, then controls its storage devices to track in real-time this profile. We formulate a Mean-Field Control problem to model this situation, for which we establish theoretic and numerical results. Second, we introduce a control problem for a large population of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) subject to a common noise and providing ancillary services to the grid. We show that the centralized control problem can be replaced by a stochastic Stackelberg differential game with minimal information-sharing. This allows for a decentralized control scheme with performance guarantees, while preserving privacy of consumers and limiting telecommunication requirements. We then develop a Newton method for stochastic control problems. We show that the computation of the Newton step reduces to solving Backward Stochastic Differential Equations, then we design an appropriate line-search procedure and prove global convergence of the Newton method with line-search in an appropriate space. Its performance is illustrated on a problem of control of a large number of batteries providing services to the grid. Last, a multi-stage stochastic Alternating Current Optimal Power Flow problem is formulated in order to control a power network equipped with energy storage systems. A priori conditions ensuring a vanishing relaxation gap are derived and an easily computable a posteriori bound on the relaxation gap of the problem is given. Using Shapley-Folkman-type results, a priori bounds on the duality gap of non-convex multi-stage stochastic problems with a generic structure are derived
Alziary, Bénédicte. „Problèmes de contrôle optimal et de jeux différentiels“. Paris 9, 1990. https://bu.dauphine.psl.eu/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1990PA090001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVelve-Casquillas, Guilhem. „Contrôle de température et étude des transferts thermiques dans des dispositifs microfluidiques“. Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00391813.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleVelve, Casquillas Guilhem. „Contrôle de température et étude des transferts thermiques dans des dispositifs microfluidiques“. Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112246.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this work is to study microfluidic devices with integrated thermal elements for process temperature monitoring and controlling. The ability of multiple parameters controlling, the small time-constant of micro-scale heat transfer, and the possibility of large scale device integration allow us to propose new tools for other advanced research purposes. In physics, we fabricated micro-conductimeters as tool to study thermal conductivity of nanofluids. In chemistry, we developed a flow-in micro-calorimeter which is compatible to the common lab-on-chip technologies. The possibility given by the high speed of heat transfer in microfluidic device led to the development of new tools for cell biology. In particular, we have being able to confine a colony of yeast cell and change the working temperature in a few seconds. It allowed us to control thermo sensitive protein activity and studying cytoskeleton properties of S. Pombe yeast. The devices and methods we proposed are therefore pertinent, providing new tools for cell biology studies and allowing in particularly a better understanding of the role of thermo sensitive proteins
Kontz, Cyrill. „Contrôle Optimal de la Dynamique Dissipative de Systèmes Quantiques“. Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00325098.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBen, Haj Yedder Adel. „Optimisation numérique et contrôle optimal : applications en chimie moléculaire“. Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005677.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDans le Chapitre 7, on présente des résultats préliminaires sur un autre problème de contrôle par laser utilisant les mêmes outils que ceux présentés dans le premier chapitre. Ce problème concerne l'optimisation de la génération d'harmoniques hautes (HHG) par un atome d'hydrogène excité par un champ laser dans le but de favoriser la création d'un champ laser ultra-court (laser attoseconde).
Dans le Chapitre 8, on présente des outils numériques développés spécifiquement pour traiter des problèmes d'optimisation de géométrie pour la chimie moléculaire.
Dans ce problème on cherche à optimiser la position de N particules dont l'énergie d'interaction est donnée (entre autres) par le potentiel de Lennard-Jones.
Enfin, le chapitre 9 est consacré à des résultats théoriques sur le problème Optimized Effective Potential (OEP) pour la minimisation de l'énergie de Hartree-Fock.
Dans ce problème on se pose la question de la validité de la simplification qui consiste à remplacer les équations de Hartree-Fock par des équations aux valeurs propres plus simples.
Ghouali, Amel. „Analyse et contrôle optimal d'un bioréacteur de digestion anaérobie“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS106/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis focuses on the optimal control of an anaerobic digestor for maximizing its biogas production. In particular, using a simple model of the anaerobic digestion process, we derive a control law to maximize the biogas production over a period of time using the dilution rate D(.) as the control variable. Depending on initial conditions and constraints on the actuator, the search for a solution to the optimal control problem reveals very different levels of difficulty. In the first part, we consider that there are no severe constraints on the actuator. In particular, the interval in which the input flow rate lives includes the value which allows the biogas to be maximized at equilibrium. For this case, named WDAC (Well Dimensioned Actuator Case) we solve the optimal control problem using classical tools of differential equations analysis.Numerical simulations illustrate the robustness of the control law with respect to several parameters, notably with respect to initial conditions. We use these results to show that an heuristic control law proposed in the literature is optimal in a certain sense. The optimal trajectories are then compared with those given by a purely numerical optimal control solver (i.e. the "BOCOP" toolkit) which is an open-source toolbox for solving optimal control problems. When the exact analytical solution to the optimal control problem cannot be found, we suggest that such numerical tool can be used to intuiter optimal solutions.In the second part, the problem of maximizing the biogas production is treated when the actuator is under (-over) dimensioned. These are the cases UDAC (Under Dimensioned Actuator Cases) and ODAC (Over Dimensioned Actuator Cases). Then we solve these optimal problems using the Maximum Principle of Pontryagin
Zalinescu, Adrian. „Solutions faibles et contrôle optimal des inéquations variationnelles stochastiques“. Brest, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BRES2016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBah, Ousmane. „Régularité des multiplicateurs pour un problème de contrôle optimal“. Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10215.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbergel, Frédéric. „Étude d'un problème de contrôle optimal convexe mal posé“. Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112333.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBen, Gaid Mohamed El Mongi. „Ordonnancement et contrôle optimal des systèmes temps-réel répartis“. Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.biblio.univ-evry.fr/theses/2006/Interne/2006EVRY0018.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleTraditionally, control design problems were decoupled from communication and computation problems in the study of distributed control systems. However, the considerable development of networks and embedded electronics generates new applications, where the control loop is subjected to communication and computation constraints. In particular, in many embedded and distributed control applications, communication and computation resources are limited. This situation affects several fields, ranging from the underwater robotics to the control of satellite clusters and the automotive industry. The behavior of these systems does not uniquely depend on the properties of the plant/controller couple, but also on the characteristics of the communication and computation means. In this thesis, a new approach for the optimal control and scheduling of distributed embedded control system was proposed, focusing on two main problems: the scheduling of the messages from the controller to the distributed actuators and the scheduling of the control tasks. In this approach, the control performance, expressed as a quadratic cost function, was used to evaluate the optimality of the resource allocation. The proposed approach aims at improving the performance of the controlled dynamical systems that are challenged to operate with limited communication or computation resources, assuming that the available resources are sufficient to ensure their stability. To this end, novel on-line and off-line scheduling algorithms were introduced; allowing improving the control performance, by allocating the available shared resources according to the needs of the controlled dynamical systems. These algorithms were designed in order to ensure a tradeoff between their computational complexity and their optimality. Their effectiveness was illustrated through various simulation examples
Houmia, Anouar. „Calcul des variations et contrôle optimal avec arguments déviés“. Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090010.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is the study of calculus of variations for functionals with deviating arguments arising for instance in optimal control problems and in variational problems with deviating arguments. We use the direct method to prove the existance of the deviation problem for the multidimentional case n > 1in a functional space as Sobolev space with a weight. We show then the necessary optimality conditions using the area formula. We obtain, thus, an equivalence between a problem with deviation and a problem without deviation in some convexity framework. We prove, also, a form of Pontryagin’s principle for a class of optimal control problems governed by a state equation with memory. Several examples and applications are then studied. Finally, we finish with the results of unicity and existance for some non local elliptic equations with deviating argument, encountered in the literature
Paoli, Josiane. „Contrôle optimal du champ rétrodiffusé et optimisation sous contraintes“. Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DENS0012.
Der volle Inhalt der Quelle"In this thesis, the optimal command theory of J. L. Lions is applieds to observability, the object being to reduce the radar signature. A computer program has been developed to both resolve the problem of optimal control, and optimise, under constraints, this radar signature. The scattered wave is minimised using a control acting on a part of the boundary of the concerned object. A natural function to minimize is the radiation in a solid angle modulated by a cost function. The physical modelling of an electromagnetic problem and the management of scattering are described. A mathematical analysis of the Helmholtz equation is then discussed. The problems of control and observation are considered first in an external domain, and subsequently in a domain bounded on its external frontier by an absorbance limit condition. An equivalent of a radiation diagram is defined in thise bounded domain. First, the possibility of an exact control is considered. Then, an approximated control is constructed. Finally, an optimal control is studied. The subsequent section focuses on resolving the Helmholtz 2D equation using a finite element method. The convergence of the discrete solution is shown and an estimation of the error is provided. The algorithms of the given solution are discribed before moving to the application and illustrations. Then, the emphasis is placed on the numerical analysis of the optimal control problems. The first step is to define this problem and subsequently to describe the algorithm used for the optimal control. This description is, in fact, composed of the two methods used for the resolution. Finally, the numerical results are presented. Based on those results, the effects of the different input parameters are analysed. The robustness of the control is then studied based on the frequency and incidence angle. The problem of minimisation under constraints is resolved with the aid of an existing optimisation using the internal point method (IPA)"
Jassionnesse, Lionel. „Contrôle optimal et métriques de Clairaut-Liouville avec applications“. Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS047/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe work of this thesis is about the study of the conjugate and cut loci of 2D riemannian or almost-riemannian metrics. We take the point of view of optimal control to apply the Pontryagin Maximum Principle in the purpose of characterize the extremals of the problem considered.We use geometric, numerical and integrability methods to study some Liouville and Clairaut-Liouville metrics on the sphere. In the degenerate case of revolution, the study of the ellipsoid uses geometric methods to fix the cut locus and the nature of the conjugate locus in the oblate and prolate cases. In the general case, extremals will have two distinct type of comportment which correspond to those observed in the revolution case, and are separated by those which pass by umbilical points. The numerical methods are used to find quickly the Jacobi's Last Geometric Statement : the cut locus is a segment and the conjugate locus has exactly four cusps.The study of an almost-riemannian metric comes from a quantum control problem in which the aim is to transfer in a minimal time the state of one spin through an Ising chain of three spins. After reduction, we obtain a metric with a second first integral so it can be written in the Liouville normal form, which leads us to the equations of geodesics. Outside the particular case of Grushin, of which the caustic is described, we use numerical methods to study the conjugate locus and the cut locus in the general case
Ngo, Thoi-Nhan. „Contrôle optimal en temps discret et en horizon infini“. Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E062/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis contains original contributions to the optimal control theory in the discrete-time framework and in infinite horizon following the viewpoint of Pontryagin. There are 5 chapters in this thesis. In Chapter 1, we recall preliminary results on sequence spaces and on differential calculus in normed linear space. In Chapter 2, we study a single-objective optimal control problem in discrete-time framework and in infinite horizon with an asymptotic constraint and with autonomous system. We use an approach of functional analytic for this problem after translating it into the form of an optimization problem in Banach (sequence) spaces. Then a weak Pontyagin principle is established for this problem by using a classical multiplier rule in Banach spaces. In Chapter 3, we establish a strong Pontryagin principle for the problems considered in Chapter 2 using a result of Ioffe and Tihomirov. Chapter 4 is devoted to the problems of Optimal Control, in discrete time framework and in infinite horizon, which are more general with several different criteria. The used method is the reduction to finite-horizon initiated by J. Blot and H. Chebbi in 2000. The considered problems are governed by difference equations or difference inequations. A new weak Pontryagin principle is established using a recent result of J. Blot on the Fritz John multipliers. Chapter 5 deals with the multicriteria optimal control problems in discrete time framework and infinite horizon. New weak and strong Pontryagin principles are established, again using recent optimization results, under lighter assumptions than existing ones
Azzouzi, Rachid El. „Contrôle statistique optimal de qualité et cercles de qualité“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleQuality control is a subject which draws particularly the attention of those concerned with the improvement of the quality of goods and services. The concern of firms for quality results in a constant development of statistical methods as applied to quality control, and presently, every effort is turned towards the finding of optimum methods in this field. Nevertheless, the improvement of a product's or service's quality cannot be the result of quality control alone ; in fact, we need the help of other techniques which may support it in this task. Quality circles have shown their greet success in this field. The study of their contribution to quality is being done with greet care and interest. In short, the combination of the two functions, quality control and quality circles, is very useful in order to succeed in improving the overall quality of goods and services
Tisseur, David. „Contrôle par imagerie X de combustible nucléaire pour les centrales à haute température“. Villeurbanne, INSA, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ISAL0015.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis PhD the. Sis is the result ot a collaboration between AR EVA NP and laboratory CNDRI of the INSA of Lyon in the context of the development of a 4\textsuperscript{th} generation nuclear power plant, named as High Temperature Reactor (HTR). In these future nuclear power plants, the fuel consists of small multi-layer spheres of 1 mm diameter called TRISO particle (TRistructural ISOtropie). For safety reasons various controls of these particles must be developed. The first objective of this study is to develop a measurement method of the density of the layers surrounding HTR particles by x-rays and to install an industrial demonstrator. The measurement technique is founded on an inverse method based on X-ray phase contrast imaging. The second objective is to quantify the space distribution of the particles in a fuel assembly named "compact". After a state of the art to the measure of the homogeneity, we demonstrate that a high energy tomography associated with a suitable image processing enables to obtain the position in the space of each particle constituting the compact. The suggested approach consists in comparing an experimental multiscale histogram of particle distribution with an ideal model using a chi2 test. This allows to suggest a criterion to quantify the homogeneity of the compact
Serdechnova, Maria. „Le contrôle de réactivité d'aluminium en peinture anticorrosion résistant à la haute température“. Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066287.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this work is to understand Al reactivity at a fundamental level and to use this knowledge for the development of Cr(VI)-free sacrificial paints for high temperature aeronautic applications. Pure Al, Al intermetallics and alloys are studied. The atomic emission spectroelectrochemistry is used to isolate the individual phenomena during paint degradation. A linear relationship between cathodic current and Al dissolution is shown and interpreted with a simple model where OH- generation, Al(OH)3 formation/dissolution and Al(OH)4− diffusion are kinetically coupled. For early formulations significant binder dissolution is measured under cathodic polarization, while Al reactivity is suppressed. Similar Al behavior is observed for Al-Mg intermetallics. In terms of the cathodically generated hydroxide mechanism these results are interpreted as the reaction of either Si or Mg with OH-. These results confirm the cathodic Al reactivity model. The loss of anodic activity is explained by the loss of electrical contact at the metal/oxide/polymer/substrate interfaces and the oxide layer modifications are studied to circumvent this problem. It is found that Mg2+ ions retard Al passivation and improve conductivity due to the formation of semiconducting spinel. Finally, two major factors are found to be critical for the Al reactivity control: solution pH and oxide properties. Using additives to control them, the new coating formulation stable up to 550°C and protective more than 1000H in salt spray test is developed
Edeline, Eric. „Facteurs du contrôle de la dispersion continentale chez l'anguille“. Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30159.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBeauchemin-Turcotte, Mathieu. „Contrôle en fin de cycle par apprentissage itératif via la logique floue appliquée au contrôle en température d'un four de thermoformage“. Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2010. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/669/1/BEAUCHEMIN%2DTURCOTTE_Mathieu.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRondepierre, Aude. „Algorithmes hybrides pour le contrôle optimal des systèmes non linéaires“. Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00112203.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNour, Chadi. „L'équation de Hamlilton-Jacobi en contrôle optimal : dualité et géodésiques“. Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00003973.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleKhalil, Nathalie. „Conditions d'optimalité pour des problèmes en contrôle optimal et applications“. Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0095/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe project of this thesis is twofold. The first concerns the extension of previous results on necessary optimality conditions for state constrained problems in optimal control and in calculus of variations. The second aim consists in working along two new research lines: derive viability results for a class of control systems with state constraints in which ‘standard inward pointing conditions’ are violated; and establish necessary optimality conditions for average cost minimization problems possibly perturbed by unknown parameters.In the first part, we examine necessary optimality conditions which play an important role in finding candidates to be optimal solutions among all admissible solutions. However, in dynamic optimization problems with state constraints, some pathological situations might arise. For instance, it might occur that the multiplier associated with the objective function (to minimize) vanishes. In this case, the objective function to minimize does not intervene in first order necessary conditions: this is referred to as the abnormal case. A worse phenomenon, called the degenerate case shows that in some circumstances the set of admissible trajectories coincides with the set of candidates to be minimizers. Therefore the necessary conditions give no information on the possible minimizers.To overcome these difficulties, new additional hypotheses have to be imposed, known as constraint qualifications. We investigate these two issues (normality and non-degeneracy) for optimal control problems involving state constraints and dynamics expressed as a differential inclusion, when the minimizer has its left end-point in a region where the state constraint set in nonsmooth. We prove that under an additional information involving mainly the Clarke tangent cone, necessary conditions in the form of the Extended Euler-Lagrange condition are derived in the normal and non-degenerate form for two different classes of state constrained optimal control problems. Application of the normality result is shown also for the calculus of variations problem subject to a state constraint.In the second part of the thesis, we consider first a class of state constrained control systems for which standard ‘first order’ constraint qualifications are not satisfied, but a higher (second) order constraint qualification is satisfied. We propose a new construction for feasible trajectories (a viability result) and we investigate examples (such as the Brockett nonholonomic integrator) providing in addition a non-linear stimate result. The other topic of the second part of the thesis concerns the study of a class of optimal control problems in which uncertainties appear in the data in terms of unknown parameters. Taking into consideration an average cost criterion, a crucial issue is clearly to be able to characterize optimal controls independently of the unknown parameter action: this allows to find a sort of ‘best compromise’ among all the possible realizations of the control system as the parameter varies. For this type of problems, we derive necessary optimality conditions in the form of Maximum Principle (possibly nonsmooth)
Mahoui, Sihem. „Contrôle optimal de quelques phénomènes de diffusion en domaines pollués“. Thesis, Guyane, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018YANE0003/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn this thesis, we are interested in mathematical analysis and optimal control of diffusion problems where there are pollution terms. In addition, we want to act on the system in a single point of the domain for cost reasons. The systems being studied are parabolic with missing (initial or boundary) data representing pollution, where we introduce a control function. The method of low-regret control of J.-L. Lions, used here for the first time to the pointwise control, seems to be well suited. We then look for the control which can improve the situation instead of doing nothing (no control).Solutions are not regular functions and can only be considered in the weak sense. Two methods are used here: the first one is the method of transposition of Lions-Magenes, detailed in Chapter 3 of the thesis, and the second method consists in regularizing the Dirac mass, presented in chapter 4. Each one of the two methods offers a new point of view. In particular, the functional spaces where the existence of a solution is obtained are different. For both methods, however, a singular optimality system is established for the low-regret pointwise control.A final chapter is devoted to the numerical schemes associated to the low-regret pointwise optimal control, where we obtain error estimates using finite elements method (FEM)