Dissertationen zum Thema „Contribution au concept d'individualité“
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Torrente, Luca. „Génération, nature et individuation chez Aristote“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUL015.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleMy thesis proposes to examine the problem of individuation in Aristotle’s philosophy from a study on the generation of living beings. This choice has made possible to approach a controversial problem from an almost unprecedented perspective. The first part of the thesis is an analysis of the generation of physical substances in the Aristotelian corpus. This chapter aims to highlight the specific characteristics of the absolute generation of substances in relation to other types of becoming. The second part studies the embryogenesis of the living beings from a perspective that seeks to integrate the hylomorphic model into another, more complex and exhaustive model, which is that of dynamic development. In the third part, the problem of individuation is addressed. We complete the analysis of the animal generation to its end: the development of the hereditary and particular characteristics of each individual. The two best-known theses – the identification of the principle of individuation with matter or form – are discussed and criticized. Finally, a solution is proposed that establishes three particular causes capable of explaining the generation of an individual as an individual, based on a passage from Metaphysics Λ 5. The fourth part considers the specificity of the human being in the question of individuation. It is a question of the individualization of man, the process by which a certain individual seeks to constitute himself as an agent subject and autonomous legal person within a given community
Baud, Patrick. „Contribution à l'histoire du concept de schizophrénie /“. Genève : [s.n.], 2003. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2003/BaudP/these.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBraddock, L. E. „The psychoanalytic contribution to the concept of motivation“. Thesis, University of Reading, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325204.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleJacquenod, Claudine. „Contribution a une etude du concept de fiction“. Lyon 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO20021.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFrom a pragmatic point of view, fictional utterances are analized as communicative acts pronounced by a speaker to an addressee under the domination of an (implicit) utterance : "imagine that we are in a fictive world where. . . ". This dominating utterance can be considered as a fictionalizing act within the communication situation : the utterances embedded under its domination lose their speech act value in the "real world", but retain it in a fictive world. It is argued that fictional utterances should, then, be evaluated within fictive worlds where they are uttered by fictive speakers (who are fictive counterparts of real speakers). The discussion of pragmatic explanation for the creation of fictive worlds is followed by a semantic analysis of the representation of fictive worlds and the relationships between them and the "real world". In particular, the following topics are discussed : problems of domination and inclusion in fictive worlds, and the relationships between objects and their fictive counterparts in a variety of worlds
Jacquenod, Claudine. „Contribution à une étude du concept de fiction“. Lille 3 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375984185.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePolledri, Patricia. „Envy revisited : a contribution to the concept of envy“. Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.507001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCharlet-Brehelin, Danie. „Contribution à l'enseignement-apprentissage du concept d'atome au collège“. Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20212.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleCuvelier, Claire. „Le pluralisme démotique contribution au concept juridique de peuple“. Thesis, Lille 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL20008.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe expression of « demotic pluralism » is used to designate the coexistence of different people in a multilevel system. Contrary to the traditional monist definition of the French people, this thesis aims to demonstrate the coexistence of several demoi in French constitutional law. In order to do so, the demonstration is structured into three parts. First, we explore the pluralist definition of demos in multilevel systems: the federal (India, Germany,United States, Switzerland) and the regional type (Spain, United Kingdom). Then, we submita theory of multilevel demotic pluralism, which allows to describe and analyse the coexistence of a compound people and component people in a multilevel system. Finally, we apply this theoretical framework to the French legal system and to the European Union
Brusson, Jean-Paul. „Contribution de l'architecture à la définition du concept de montagnité“. Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE19032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleConsidering the importance of architecture in the emergence of the concept of urbanity, one is bound to wonder about how relevant a similar concept applied to mountain areas is. Such a concept (montainity) making it easier to understand and transform the reality of mountain life, by adding a concern for quality in its management. Does architecture contribute to giving character to mountain areas? what part does it play in relationships between man and mountain ? can it improve their relationships ? is mountainity a better environment in which privileged relationships between man an mountain operate ? such problematics are confirmed by three places, sited in the north of the alps, in haute-savoie where three sets of actors and of intentions, three histories can be studied, thus covering a meaningful period of the evolution of the mountain, from pre-touristic times, until the fitted-in winter resort. By carfully looking into the proceedings of architecture in-keeping with the site, and by abalysing the objects built, from an architecturological an semiotic point of view, one shows that mountainity is the specific character of a site, where relevant social practices connected with the site, grateful to history and ecolocically responsible, are manifested. The intentions presiding over the setting -up of privileged relationships between man and mountain are federated by mountainity both a state and a qualitative pro
Voisin, Alexandre. „Contribution à l'évaluation subjective et son automatisation : du concept à l'application“. Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10024.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleSenie-Demeurisse, Josiane. „Médiatisation de l'histoire : contribution à la définition du concept de document“. Toulouse 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU20095.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe popularity of History in France is undeniable. This craze is translated by an indisputable mediatization through newspapers, radio, television and internet. Developed in universities it is broadcasted for a wide public. The passage from a scientific sphere to a media sphere infers the problem of the writing of History. We pass from knowledge to “narrative history". Does this change of communicational space infer a different way of working with the document? Papers of popularization are a scripto-visual narrative form of History, text and illustration live together. Historic document and illustration document can then become confused. In the heart of these questioning returns the question of the use of the document. The communicationnal space may force, transform, make it move and mutate. Analyzed in the info-communicationnal device, the speech of the support, the speech of the narrative and the speech of the illustration, is the result of a collective statement. The illustration informs, it is a real document. Trans-formed by the statement its sense fluctuates and differs from its basic sense in History. Then its role is not any more to carry testimony it is to prove. So mediated the document is charged with value
Simon, Christian. „Contribution à l'étude des cellules entérochromaffines : discussion du concept de paraneurone“. Aix-Marseille 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX30072.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGibaud, Olivier. „Contribution au concept de micro-monde pour l'enseignement assisté par ordinateur“. Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECDL0028.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleZhang, Yu. „Contribution to concept detection on images using visual and textual descriptors“. Thesis, Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ECDL0014/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis thesis is dedicated to the problem of training and integration strategies of several modalities (visual, textual), in order to perform an efficient Visual Concept Detection and Annotation (VCDA) task, which has become a very popular and important research topic in recent years because of its wide range of application such as image/video indexing and retrieval, security access control, video monitoring, etc. Despite a lot of efforts and progress that have been made during the past years, it remains an open problem and is still considered as one of the most challenging problems in computer vision community, mainly due to inter-class similarities and intra-class variations like occlusion, background clutter, changes in viewpoint, pose, scale and illumination. This means that the image content can hardly be described by low-level visual features. In order to address these problems, the text associated with images is used to capture valuable semantic meanings about image content. Moreover, In order to benefit from both visual models and textual models, we propose multimodal approach. As the typical visual models, designing good visual descriptors and modeling these descriptors play an important role. Meanwhile how to organize the text associated with images is also very important. In this context, the objective of this thesis is to propose some innovative contributions for the task of VCDA. For visual models, a novel visual features/descriptors was proposed, which effectively and efficiently represent the visual content of images/videos. In addition, a novel method for encoding local binary descriptors was present. For textual models, we proposed two kinds of novel textual descriptor. The first descriptor is semantic Bag-of-Words(sBoW) using a dictionary. The second descriptor is Image Distance Feature(IDF) based on tags associated with images. Finally, in order to benefit from both visual models and textual models, fusion is carried out by MKL efficiently embed. [...]
Duvauchelle, Yannick. „Formes des matières conceptuelles : contribution à la sociologie de la connaissance“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM3061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe research’s field is the sociology of knowledge. In this way, the idea is to study simultaneously social data and knowledge facts, and to connect them. More precisely, we would like to think knowledge in terms of practices. : when one observe any event and try to understand it, to identify what he’s looking at, and mobilize words to express his comprehension, his vision, isn’t he doing something, at least on a conceptual level? For this purpose, the research is based on scholar and journalist’s interviews : what type of representation implies each kind of writings? Michel Foucault’s theories happens to be our most important reference for this work
Kouassi, Kouadio-Olivier. „De la pensée d’Amartya Sen à l’approche ergologique : quelle contribution pour le concept de développement ? : du concept aux conceptions du développement“. Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3032.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe conception of development initiated by the former American President Truman is now including the human development, the durable development, and all the actuals development public politics, which have been thought from by the internationals development institutions in a globalizing perspective, by avoiding the human individual high valued and local realities. Besides, that economical reliant way of thinking concepts is justifying a significant economical growth. Moreover, in that vision, the notion of Liberty and Work are not considered as fundamentals in the development process. Liberty as “opportunity” and work as the «human activity » are fundamentals as a part of “the sustainable human development” selection criteria. This doctoral thesis based on the concepts of sens and ergology, wants to be seen as an alternative to the classical notions showing that, not only those mentioned concepts are leading the development but that development itself is more than just a concept, it’s a project, a way of life for every society which needs to be built, at the end of the day development couldn’t be a subject of a kind of valuation
Gaxie, Louise. „La construction des services publics en Europe : contribution à l’élaboration d’un concept commun“. Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100175/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of this thesis is to contribute to the elaboration of a common European concept of public service. Adopting an historical perspective, this research tries to identify the main similarities and differences in the processes of construction of four areas of activity - police, compulsory education, water supply and sanitation, and public transports - in seven countries: Belgium, England, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden. Even though each country has its own historical and cultural specificities, they have all faced analogous problems and issues and they have brought similar responses. Relying on monographic studies of social and historical construction of various public services, we may describe the formation of worlds of very different material and symbolic social "objects", including legal ones, through a relatively similar social history. The legal institutionalization of public services available to everyone has required massive public intervention. Whatever the times, areas, and countries, constants of legal regulation have emerged. They relate to public control of the establishment of services (preliminary empowerment decisions, definitions of conditions of implementation, public financial supports), as well as to their operation (institutions of obligations towards the public, regulation of financing, introduction of monitoring and control means). Variants have also appeared. They are more often linked to historical than national or sectorial contexts. These variants mainly relate to the degree of direct public intervention in the provision of services and to the degree of effective competition in the service sectors. The various constant elements are the core component of a common European concept of public service defined in all its complexity. The deep ongoing transformations driven by European Union's neoliberal orientations raise questions about the future of this concept
Bourbon, Marion. „De l'unicité à la personnalité : recherches sur la contribution stoïcienne au concept d'individu“. Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BOR30052.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe Stoics, who elaborated the most coherent deterministic system in the history of philosophy, seemed unlikely to produce a concept of the individual. Such a concept is necessarily founded on separateness and implies personal agency. And although the Stoics insisted on the autonomy of assent as a principle of judgement and of action, they believed that each being contributed to the organic whole of the cosmos, making it difficult to consider beings separately from that whole. This inquiry seeks to show that the Stoics nevertheless elaborated a previously unexamined complex of notions that - as a result of the systematic nature of the Stoic thought - moved from the idea of uniqueness of all beings, to personality, which achieves uniqueness on an ethical level. Personality requires agency, which is not of the individual, but is instead that with which the individual is identified. It is the principle of personal identity. We will examine the conditions that enabled the “emergence” of the individual thanks to a series of transformations in the Stoic system as well as another major political and cultural transformation, the constitution of the Roman Empire. As a result of these changes, the Stoics’ conception of the individual, founded on their physical conception of identity, produced - diachronically and synchronically - a notion of both psychological and ethical subjectivation. Seneca’s notion of voluntas and Epictetus’s concept of prohairesis came to occupy the central position once held by fate for the early Stoics. Both these contributions were highly original, but voluntas and prohairesis further identified the principle of personal identity with the faculty of choice: personal identity was described as the meaning we decide to give our lives, defining who we are. It conditions our adaptability and shapes the way we make use of what is irreducibly ours. The Stoics’ use of the actor metaphor sheds light on the nature of subjectivity since it foregrounds the gap between the actor and his role. The dialectic between disengagement and commitment that is at the heart of the relationship to existence, and the consequent discrepancy in the relationship to oneself, leaves identity in the entre-deux of a continually renewed attempt at identification
Bachri, Jalila. „Le développement durable : Contribution à l'étude de la réception positive d'un concept naturaliste“. Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTD060.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe plural reception of the sustainable development questions us. Malleable it federates the various actors who use in various purposes so translating the difficulty of the definition of its legal nature. Is it a binding law implying obligations ? How can it be respected? From these questions, he appears all the interest of the legal study of the sustainable development. From the academic point of view, he links the naturalistic philosophy of the right with his translation in the legal legal network. Which decompartmentalizes areas of law, he creates interactions wich each other. The sustainable development creating the right and tends to become a blinding law.From the human point of view, he recognizes the possibility of believing in a future for our offspring. Beyond, he appears as a right of alive promised to evolve from generation to generation, already establishing in himself the expression of the heritage of which we inherit from our ancestors and intended for the future
Vernizeau, Diane. „Vers des pêcheries mondiales durables : contribution de l'Union européenne au concept de pêche responsable“. Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00990583.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleDa, Silva Claudionor Renato. „Johan Huizinga and the concept of playfulness: contribution of Philosophy to Mathematics children’s literature“. Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2018. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/123970.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHomo Ludens, trabajo escrito por Johan Huizinga, es una alternativa para la conceptualización y el uso del término lúdico en educación matemática, con una contribución significativa a la práctica pedagógica, involucrando la literatura infantil matemática, o literatura infantil, con contenido matemático, sustituyendo el recurrente uso de los términos «juego» y «lúdico», oriundos del campo de la psicología de la educación. A partir del método bibliográfico, el estudio permitió tres conclusiones generales: la primera es la presencia de la filosofía en la educación matemática con el recurso de la literatura infantil; la segunda, derivada de la primera, es la posibilidad para la filosofia, de adentrarse en los contenidos de las matemáticas, incentivando el raciocinio lógico, desde la educación infantil; y, por último, que son muchos los benefícios en la formación de profesores, en cursos de pedagogía, sobre todo, en la promoción de los aprendizajes y saberes en educación matemática, bajo la dinámica lúdica, que se inserta en una perspectiva de base filosófica presentada en la obra Homo Ludens de Huizinga.
Homo Ludens, obra escrita por Johan Huizinga, é uma alternativa outra para a conceituação e utilização do termo lúdico em educação matemática, com uma contribuição significativa à prática pedagógica envolvendo a literatura infantil matemática ou literatura infantil com conteúdo matemático, substituindo o recorrente uso dos termos «jogo» e «lúdico», oriundos do campo da psicologia da educação. A partir do método bibliográfico, o estudo permitiu três conclusões gerais: a primeira é a presença da filosofia na educação matemática com o recurso da literatura infantil; a segunda, decorrente da primeira é a possibilidade da filosofia adentrar aos conteúdos da matemática incentivando o raciocínio lógico, desde a educação infantil; e, por último, que muitos são os ganhos à formação de professores, em cursos de pedagogia, sobretudo, na promoção das aprendizagens e saberes em educação matemática, sob o lúdico, que se inserem numa perspectiva de base filosófica presente na obra Homo Ludens de Huizinga.
Arora, Neha. „Contribution to the concept of micro factory : design of a flexible electromagnetic conveyor system“. Thesis, Compiègne, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017COMP2347.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe aim of the thesis is to provide a flexible conveyor system for moving micro-objects. The system may need to be integrated into a micro-factory which requires high reconfigurability and low power consumption. These two criteria have been considered in the design of the conveyor system. The conveyor is based on a planar electromagnetic actuator developed in the Laboratoire Roberval of the UTC, and on smart surface composed of 5 x 5 unit cells; each ceii moves th movable part in the two directions of the plane. An analytical model of the actuator has been developed in order to calculate the electromagnetic forces and the displacement of the mobile part. This modei has been used during the design phase of the conveying system. An experimental prototype is then manufactured and tested which has validated the proposed principle of operation. Experimental tests have shown the ability to perform wide area displacement in both directions of the plane. Numerous experimental tests (control in open loop and closed loop performance characterization as straightness of movement, position repeatability, coupled- decoupled analysis...) have been done to qualify the performance of the conveyor system. Experiments for rotations about the axis perpendicular to the olane have also been performed successfully. Work synthesis: - Static modeling under RADIA was developed in order to design the conveyor surface especially for the transitio zone between two neighboring cells. A dynamic modeling under MATLAB allowed to simulate the behavior of single axis motor in open loop and closed loop control. - A conveyor surface prototype, consisting of a multilayer printed circuit board (4 layers) of dimensions 130 mm x 130 mm, was designed under EAGLE software. The influence of the distance between the first two layers was studied using the developed models to ensure uniform displacement in both the directions. - The experimental tests (with LABVIEW interface) of an elementary cell of the intelligent surface with a moving part composed of two orthogonal magnetic motors has been carried out that allowed to validate the operation of the conveying system in both directions of the plane. - Another series of tests with LABVIEW interface were carried out in order to validate experimentally the displacement of the mobile part with the smart surface at the transition zones between the elementary cells. - These experimental tests showed displacements of great extent in the two directions of the plane and of rotation about the axis perpendicular to the plane. - Long displacements and rotations of the moving part were measured using image processing algorithm developed in MATLAB. - At the same time, a high resolution fiber optic displacement sensor was studied that can be integrated into the conveyor surface locally for the precise positioning. A robust signal processing algorithm for high resolution displacement measurement was developed. In this algorithm, - The optimum position of the movable part is determined in order to obtain a continuous switching betwee the two fiber optic probes ; - The usable parts of the signals obtained from two probes were then filtered to measure the displacement using interpolation method ; The algorithm is implemented under MATLAB and validated by the implementation of the experimental signals. The work have been published in an international journal (Computers in Industry (COMIND)) and presented at international congresses (IEEE Sensors, REM Mechatronics, AIM, IWMF) during the years 2011 to 2016
Taright, Yamina. „Contribution à l'analyse de la pollution atmosphérique chronique ou accidentelle : concept de nez électronique“. Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES001.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBrun-Trigaud, Guylaine. „Formation du concept Croissant : contribution à l'histoire de la dialectologie française au XIXe siècle“. Paris 13, 1989. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01370562.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePoullain, Alban. „Contribution au concept d’ambivalence des consommateurs face aux controverses liées aux publicités sexuelles taboues“. Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED061.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn spite of the public controversies they might lead to, advertisers still use to this day sexual taboo components in their persuasion campaigns. The following thesis means to deepen the understanding of consumers’ responses to these ads, in a postmodern environment where identities are deeply entrenched in important sociocultural and sociopolitical changes. This research highlights the intrinsically postmodern concept of ambivalence, and aims at discovering how the latter influences the consumer’s reception and interpretation of said ads. To this end, this thesis work mobilizes various theories, ranging from ethnology and psychology to sociology and marketing. Via a focus on the controversies provoked by taboo ads, the fieldwork simultaneously used a netnography and phenomenological interviews with photo-elicitation assistance ; both aiming at widening the existing definition of ambivalence, hoping to reuse this very concept as an effective tool to study postmodern audiences’ responses to sexual components in advertising. Moreover, we develop the idea that ads open liminal spaces where taboos and the ethical norms attached to it can be negotiated
Brun-Trigaud, Guylaine. „Formation du concept croissant contribution à l'histoire de la dialectologie française au XIXe siècle /“. Lille 3 : ANRT, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37612206p.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFeydel, Romain. „Le refinancement d'entreprises en difficulté : contribution à l'optimisation juridique du concept de capital-retournement“. Thesis, Limoges, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIMO0016.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe refinancing of companies in difficulty is surrounded by a great deal of mystery. In the eyes of the general public, it is above all an effective way to make a fortune for investors venturing into it. This activity, also known as capital-turnaround, is the exclusive field of practice for senior finance and law technicians. The vast financial engineering law supervises the refinancing of companies in difficulty. Plunging its reader at the heart of high corporate finance, this thesis demystifies capital-turnaround while wanting to improve its practice. For that, the legal aspect of the raising of the funds and their investment is the subject of a deep analysis. From this and the inspiration of foreign law, new tools dedicated to the optimization of the refinancing of companies in difficulty are proposed. This thesis demonstrates the preponderant role of the financial engineering law in the rescue of French jobs
Rebourg, Émilie. „Les normes constitutionnelles programmatiques en France et en Italie : contribution à l'identification d'un concept“. Thesis, Toulon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUL0071/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleStill subject to a certain level of vagueness in France, the concept of programmatic constilutional norms (PCN) required acomparative analysis based on the Italian experience in order to identify its trontiers and subsequently study ils place in law. Il appears that the PCN reters ta a multiplicity of normative categories ot axiological and teleological character, serving as political strategy while structuring the legal system. Moreover, the introduction of programmalic form in modern constitutions combines the vagueness of the norm in its modern formulation to the law in ils classical variant. Programs have struggled to find their place in law. The peN seem to be a priori denied of legal effect, their rather vague wordings would only established simple goals. However, their development in the legal space seem important enough 10 avoid PCN to be considered as legal oddities that couk' attend ta the purity of law. Indeed, Ihe concept of PCN connects to real programmatic constitutional norms whose normativity remains peculiar, sign not of a "crisis" of the law, but of its "evolution"
Podoroga, Ioulia. „Durée : le travail du concept dans la philosophie de Bergson“. Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30004.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe objective of this thesis is to reconstruct the genesis of Bergson's concept of duration. The main interest is not in understanding what duration is, but rather in seeing how and by what means Bergson introduces it, argues for it, and makes it work. The method applied, that of "micro-reading", follows Bergson's texts closely in order to accentuate his modalities or techniques of thought. The study reveals that the concept becoming that never reduces itself to a particular function. The duration is not a given or a fact ; it defies objectification. Yet it is the sole organizer of the entire field of the Bergson's thought, defining its first and ultimate procedures
Naslednikov, Wladimir. „Naissance et développement du concept de crime contre l’humanité“. Artois, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ARTO0301.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe concept of crime against humanity cannot be understood as a simple legal notion. The study of this concept passes through five terms : Psychology, Law, History, Politics, Philosophy. Ciceron, saint Augustine, Vitoria, Erasmus, Grotius, built up a millenary doctrine about Humanitas, introducing the future concept of crime against humanity. The absolute vulnerability of human being is expressed in the 14th century by the concept of Summa paupertas. The negation of the very high poverty of Christ, by the pope claming an absolute power upon mankind, is understood by Guillaume d’Ockham (1285-1347) as a crime against humanity of Christ. A second meaning of the concept is given by Maximilien Robespierre in his writings “ Sur les événements du 10 août 1792 ”. Clemency towards royalty means a crime against people humanity. The King Louis XVI is called a “ criminel envers l’humanité ”. The third meaning of the concept becomes a legal incrimination during Nuremberg Trials (1945-1946). The legal and philosophical concept of crime against mankind humanity means at this moment the fall of Nazism. Stalingrad remembrance and Treblinka remembrance are linked in the concept of crime against humanity. Turkish trials (1919) about armenian genocide, Eichmann trial (1961) in Jerusalem about jewish genocide, and french trials (Klaus Barbie, 1987, Paul Touvier, 1994, Maurice Papon, 1998), express connection between the State criminality against civilian population and the crime against humanity. The creation of an International Criminal Tribunal (1993) for ex-Yougoslavia and for Rwanda (1994), and the constitution of a permanent International Criminal Court decided in Rome (1998), mean the worldwide institutionalization of the concept of crime against humanity
Trawnika, Philippe. „Business Process Management Increased Value Contribution in Enterprises through Application of the Core/Context Concept /“. St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01654805002/$FILE/01654805002.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAbreu, Joao. „Contribution au développement d'IDEAL-Cell, un nouveau concept de pile à combustible à température intermédiaire“. Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00711493.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleNiang, Demba. „Contribution à l'étude d'antennes discrètes pour porteurs métalliques : application à l'automobile du concept "car-antenna"“. Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00564618.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleOkongwu, Uche. „Contribution à la formalisation du concept de flexibilité des systèmes industriels : études de cas pratiques“. Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990INPL104N.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleRoux, Stéphane. „Le concept de "convention nationale" sous la Révolution. Contribution à l'étude de la représentation constituante“. Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020076.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleIn a constitutional system founded on the sovereignty of the nation, constituent power is an ambivalent phenomenon, difficult to analyse in juridical terms. By definition resistant to mandatory regulation, the supreme power in the state must necessarily take a form which enables it to express a normative will. The actors of the French Revolution push the confines of the law, taking advantage of the resources of political philosophy and history to establish a constitution, fundamental principle of the juridical system they seek to institute. They create tools to achieve their ends: the concept of “national convention” being one, taking inspiration from the success of American achievements. Rather than an institutionnal transposition, the French revolutionaries proceed with an adaptation. By becoming “extraordinary”, the constituent representation which they conceptualize losses its revolutionary character to become fully juridical. It offers an alternative to the insurrection. By coming into existence invested with the capacity to exercise sovereignty, this power is released from all legal constraints other than those arising as a result of its organization. The process, however, is two-sided, and internally produced constraints weigh on its members, exacerbating tensions thar tear a collective body endowed with the broadest powers. The bloody excesses that strike the National Convention are not inevitable. They arise from political exploitation of flaws inherent to the organization of a sovereign representation whose members must not have any privilege
Psillaki, Maria. „Une contribution au renouvellement du concept de marché : les cas du crédit et des titres“. Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0005.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThere is frequently a tendancy to think that the concept of the market is derived by examining the market paradigm presented by the walrasian theory and modelled by arrow-debreu. The present work has been undertaken with the objective to put forward the characteristics of a different concept of the market through the study of recent developments related to the markets of credit ans stocks. The goal of this thesis is therefore twofold : first is to question the walrasian character of these two markets and to put forward the elements contradicting this hypothesis and differentiating with respect to the reference model : and second to develop constructive argumentation to demonstrate the necessary characteristics for the etablishment of an alternative market concept. We then show that the market appears as complex system consisting of agents with interdependentbehaviours introducting different determinants such as : behavioural rules, crossing expectations, strategic uncertainty or cognitive rationality. All theses are elements that deviate these markets from the standard theory. We thus conclude by porposing different however positive definition of the market. The market is then assimilated to a mechanism relating agents buyers or sellers in an institutional and organisational framework defining the conditions of information exchanges. The information exchange is based on such types market organisation like incentive contrats, customers relations, reputations and learning
Dumazert, Jean-Pierre. „Contribution des phénomènes furtifs à l'activité managériale : importation d'un concept polysémique en sciences de gestion“. Montpellier 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON30070.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe concept of furtivity is present in other sciences or disciplines, often explicitly, or sometimes in a way less studied by scientific research. The situations observed show the negative or coercive side of the furtivity : to observe without being seen, to take the control of resources available, to act as soon as possible, to be propagated or contaminate. But they show also the positive and convenient side of this concept : to escape a threat, to limit the impact of complex situations and to limit uncertainty related to the actors in the company. This study made it possible to bring this concept closer to the field management to give him the operational statute of concept. By bringing it in proximity of certain variables resulting from the organization, the concept of furtivity was confronted with the decision-making and the application of the decision. This research thus makes it possible to gather under a polysemous concept (hidden, secret and fast), practices aiming at infiltrating under these same qualifiers in the relational and organisational play of the company. To developp and test research propositions in these tow directions, a double methodology was adopted. First of all, an exploratory study was conducted by interviewing forty-five managers in order to determine the contours of the research and to prepare further in-depth studies. Then, a Delphi study was used as the last methodological tool. This study united thrity-five high-level managers executives representing several functions of management. The research findings underscore the unique nature of the furtivity. Thus, the presence of the furtive phenomena must be regarded as the result of a strategic action on behalf of the actor in the organization. Either to obtain an advantage, or to decrease the risk or the constraint related to a difficult professional situation. At least, this structure must be built and observed by taking account of four fundamental mechanisms: a report, a phenomenon (furtive), an objective and an impact on the individual or part of the organization
Pang, Shengzhao. „Contribution to Stability Analysis and Stabilization of DC Microgrids : Application of the Concept of Passivity“. Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. https://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/ulprive/DDOC_T_2020_0121_PANG.pdf.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThis dissertation focuses on dealing with the stability issues of DC microgrids, especially in electrified transportation applications. The main objective of this dissertation is to solve problems and find improvements related to the stability analysis and stabilization of DC microgrids. In the applications under consideration, stability is still a key issue in the design of DC microgrids. These systems, mainly consisting of multiple cascaded and/or parallel converters and LC filters, can suffer from instability, even when individual converters are stable alone. Moreover, DC microgrids in electrified transportation applications may have a time-varying structure, with highly flexible subsystems and operating modes. Both sources and loads can switch their operation patterns, or even join or quit the microgrid in a plug-and-play manner. This feature makes it difficult to conduct the stability studies, and puts forward higher requirements for controller design. To consider the aforementioned issues, the concept of passivity is studied in this dissertation. Indeed, the general stability study is established using the passivity concept which ensures that a microgrid is stable as long as all its components meet the passivity conditions and are interconnected to each other under certain conditions. In this way, the stabilization objective is localized to avoid investigating the whole microgrid, thereby offering immunity against system variations. Initially, a branch of Passivity-Based Control (PBC), i.e. the Interconnection and Damping Assignment Passivity-Based Control (IDA-PBC), is applied to two typical DC/DC converters. This is achieved by designing an adaptive interconnection matrix to establish internal links in Port-Controlled Hamiltonian (PCH) models and to generate a unique control law. Then, the stabilization of DC microgrids is achieved by developing a modified IDA-PBC at the subsystem level. The instability effects caused by the LC filter, and also caused by the interaction between subsystems are taken into account in the controller design. Moreover, a nonlinear observer is added to the PBC controller to solve the effect caused by parameter and model uncertainties. Afterward, a passivation strategy is proposed to stabilize DC microgrids. This is achieved by developing a PBC controller that preserves the passivity property from the interconnection perspective. All the proposed PBC theory and estimation technology can guarantee the large-signal stability of the DC microgrid. In addition to these theoretical backgrounds, the proposed control methods are validated by extensive simulation, experimental, and Hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) results
Landrault, Alexis. „Contribution à la génération physique de circuits CMOS basée sur le concept de cellules virtuelles“. Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20073.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleBatout, Jérôme. „L' itinéraire de la valeur : contribution à la généalogie du concept moderne de la valeur“. Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0164.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAlthough value seems to be a constant concern of human societies, they have not all approached the problem with the same terms. This thesis endeavours to propose an understanding of the specificity of the modern problem of value by informing it with the structural reconstruction of an itinerary: in this manner, the originality of the modern configuration is to be analysed through the long itinerary that preceded it. It seems that one can only reach a comprehension of the concept if it is contemplated in relation to force. Confronted with the problem of the world, man gives it its first meaning through a predication on force: the first meaning given by man to the world is a forceful one. The symbolic environment stems from this first predication. The question of value arises at a second level, when man endeavours to situate what could give force measure. At least three predications on force -and therefore three symbolic environments -can be identified on the level of human itinerary : reproduction, in which force is thought of as that which reforms the world ; production, in which force is viewed as that which gives form to the world; and production, in which force is contemplated as transforming the world. The modem problem of value depends directly on the very recent emergence, in proportion with the human itinerary, of force as production
Durand, Christelle. „La régulation publique des risques professionnels : contribution sur l'émergence du concept de sécurité sanitaire environnementale“. Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT4009.
Der volle Inhalt der QuellePrevention and compensation for work hazards is regulated by two acts dated 1898 and 1946. The build up of the notion of work hazards has limited health issues at work to the work environment. Today, changes to the system imply a review of the of the regulations around the notion of "public sanitary order". The integration of social, health and environmental policies, imposed by EEC regulations, impacts on risk perception and therefore on the way to approach prevention and compensation. As damages are increasing and becoming of an international nature, questions around health at work need to be rethought and evolutions will have to include the notions of' "public sanitary order" and sustainable development. If sanitary safety is to become an overall target in the work place, two elements need to be present. Firstly, the right to health has to take precedent on contractual relationships and statuses. Secondly, the rising crisis in the work place contributes to widen public health's field to the concept of work hazards. That evolution imposes to clarify and define the links between health and environmental regulations. Work hazards allow for a positive cross over between social and environmental laws, both on fondamental and legal means, through the sanitary dimension. That cross over should not be seen as weakening the different law fields, but rather contributes to a more global and responsible approach on risks, including work hazards
Asselain, Maud. „La distinction des actes civils et de commerce : contribution à l'étude du concept de commercialité“. Bordeaux 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR40040.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe distinction between civil and commercial contracts is fundamental in french private law. Whether the contract is considered civil or commercial carries significant consequences, especially in the relevant legal rules (concerning for instance what jurisdiction will be competent). Although fundamental, the distinction is not free from uncertainties. There is no legal definition of commerciality and the jurisprudence lacks firmness and consistency. Any attempt at defining commerciality in terms of exercising enterprise, business or speculation activities turns out to be inadaquate to find a clear-cut dividing line. No perfect criterion of comerciality can exist. This rises the question whether the present distinction should not be given up or at least substantially modified. As a matter of fact, reuniting the whole of civil and commercial contracts, or, on the contrary, splitting them into a number of sub-categories, would not provide a proper solution. So we argue for a new definition of commerciality on the basis of a new criterion : being a professional businessman. Our solution is justified by the fact that all professional businessmen behave much the same way, in contradistinction to non professionals. This new distinction between professional and non professional contracts is apt to bring clearness and consistency to private law
Stevenson, Pierre. „Contribution au développement d’un concept d’hybridation énergétique : structures de commande d’un système intégré éolien-hydrolien“. Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0001/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleAThis thesis addresses the problem of wind-tidal turbines hybridization. It first raises the hypothesis of a wind turbine based on Synchronous Permanent Magnet Machine (PMSM) and a tidal using a Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG). So, it presents the modeling of different elements that make up each system studied, from the turbine to the network connection through the electric machine and static converters. Control strategies are also developed. These are used to extract the maximum energy while taking into account the limitations of the systems. The thesis also examines two possible coupling of wind and tidal turbines which both use a PMSM. The simulation results of the models that we have developed in Matlab / Simulink / SimpowerSystem allow to validate the control strategies and conclude that a good choice would be to opt for coupling to the DC bus
Galdeano, David. „Contribution à la commande corps-complet des robots humanoïdes : du concept à l'implémentation temps-réel“. Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20070/document.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleHumanoid robots are a rising trend, and are about to be sold to the public on a large scale, but for this to be possible it is necessary to make them reliable, secure and functional. This implies many improvements over the prior state of the art. A domain of improvement is the full-body control of humanoid robots. The objective of this thesis is to propose a control architecture for generating a bio-inspired full-body control. The main idea is to learn from human walking to replicate these movements on a humanoid robot. The proposed control solution uses the principle of kinematics task for four objectives: (i) the relative pose of the feet, (ii) the position of the Centre de masse (CoM), (iii) the orientation of the upper-body, and (iv) the joints' limits avoidance. Stability is enhanced by modifiying the CoM position by using a stabilizer based on nonlinear regulation of the Zero Moment Point (ZMP). The resulting approach is called hybrid kinematic / dynamic control architecture. This approach has been validated experimentally on two prototypes of humanoid robots for tasks such as squat and walking
Abreu, João. „Contribution au développement d'IDEAL-Cell, un nouveau concept de pile à combustible à température intermédiaire“. Paris, ENMP, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ENMP0093.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleFuel cells are electrochemical devices that allow the conversion of chemical energy directly into electric energy with low impact to the environment. The improvement of fuel cell performances has been done through the synthesis of new materials with better electrical or electrocatalytic properties and the optimization of shaping methods that allow developing more efficient microstructures. A third path to reach the same objective is proposed in the work here presented: the development of IDEAL-Cell, a new concept of intermediate fuel cell. This concept consists in the anode part of a PCFC connected to the cathode part of a SOFC through a porous central membrane in which water is formed and evacuated. The activities developed were focused in two aspects: the fabrication of prototypes and the characterization of the central membrane. The proof of concept (PoC) prototypes were simplified complete cell structures of two dense electrolytes and one porous composite central membrane in which platinum electrodes were coated. They respect the four criteria previously defined as necessary to demonstrate the new concept : (i) a stable open circuit voltage, (ii) a stable polarization curve, (iii) a specific impedance fingerprint for water formation and (iv) detection of water exhausted from the cell as a result of its operation. The ability of the central membrane to allow the formation of water is determined by the measurement of the active reaction sites length. The method proposed is based on the analysis of 3D images of the central membrane obtained by X-ray microtomography. The water flow through the porous structure of the central membrane was studied. 3D images of two different types of structures were used to solve momentum and mass transfer equations through the finite element method
Defix, Sébastien. „Un concept de droits fondamentaux contribution a la determination d'un droit constitutionnel europeen des droits fondamentaux“. Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF10204.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleGond, Jean-Pascal. „Contribution à l'étude du concept de performance sociétale de l'entreprise : fondements théoriques, construction sociale, impact financier“. Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10003.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleThe purpose of this research is to contribute to the theoretical development of the "Corporate Social Performance" (CSP). An analytical framework of CSP is developed, establishing a distinction between four perspectives on that concept : CSP as a regulation function (functionalist perspective), CSP as power relationship expression (political perpective), CSP as a cultural product (culturalist perspective), and CSP as a socio-cognitive construction (constructivist perspective). That framework is mobilized to develop the constructivist and the culturalist perspectives through two indepth case studies, focused on the history of the French rating agency ARESE. The first study is focused on the contextualization strategies deployed by ARESE actors to import SRI in France, the second shows how the construction of calculability is articulated to the legitimacy-building of ARESE on the Socially Responsible investment (SRI) market. These empirical results and the previous framework are finally used to re-evaluate the debates around the corporate social-financial performance relationship in a constructivist perspective. The construction of a positive relationship between these two concepts on financial markets is described through the notions of performativity and self-fulfilling prophecies : that relationship appears as a belief, a rational myth, facilitating the legitimacy-building of actors and objects embodying the notion of CSP and Social Responsability as well as the institutionalization of SRI on financial markets. The analysis finally suggests that the positive relationship between CSP and financial performance could potentially become self-valitated
Lavelle, Patricia. „Religion et histoire : sur le concept d'expérience chez Walter Benjamin“. Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0105.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleWalter Benjamin's (1892-1940) work should not be approached from the perspective of a unity in a similar manner to scientific disciplines : the fragmentary and non-classifiable form of Benjamin's work, divided it into many writings including literary criticism and essays, was, however, an attempt to search for a superior experience both religious and historical. This idea was contained in his famous programmatic treatise "On the Program of the Coming Philosophy" (1918). The notions of history and religion are understood from the perspective of a reflection on experience ; wich was rooted in Benjamin's contemporary debates. This reflection would lead him to a lecture of Kant's philosophy inspired by Hamann's (Kant's friend and contemporary) metacritics of Critique of Pure Reason
Tremblay, Joël. „Contribution des variables reliées au concept de différenciation de soi dans la compréhension de la satisfaction conjugale“. Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/42757.
Der volle Inhalt der QuelleLavastre, Olivier. „Le concept de coût de mobilité : contribution à l'analyse stratégique de la relation d'échange industriel client-fournisseur“. Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10050.
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