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Albrechtsen, Charlotte, Majbrit Pedersen, Nicholai Friis Pedersen und Tine Wirenfeldt Jensen. „Proposing Co-Design of Personas as a Method to Heighten Validity and Engage Users“. International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 8, Nr. 4 (Oktober 2016): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2016100104.
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This paper proposes co-designing personas with users as a strategy to overcome a challenge inherent in the design of personas or fictitious users: On one hand, personas should appear realistic and believable as individuals, and on the other hand, personas should represent a broader range of users. By involving empirical users in all parts of the process of persona design, the risk of creating personas that are too stereotypical is minimized, as the participating users enrich the data on which the personas are based with up-to-date and firsthand contextual knowledge. Advantages of co-designing personas with users is illustrated by a case from higher education in which personas were co-designed with students as part of a project aiming at designing a smartphone application for Master's thesis students.
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Williams, Irith, Margot Brereton, Jared Donovan, Karalyn McDonald, Tanya Millard, Alex Tam und Julian H. Elliott. „A Collaborative Rapid Persona-Building Workshop“. International Journal of Sociotechnology and Knowledge Development 6, Nr. 2 (April 2014): 17–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijskd.2014040102.
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In the HealthMap project for People With HIV, (PWHIV) designers employed a collaborative rapid ‘persona-building' workshop with health researchers to develop patient personas that embodied patient-centred design goals and contextual awareness from a variety of qualitative and quantitative data. On reflection, this collaborative rapid workshop was a process for drawing together the divergent user research insights and expertise of stakeholders into focus for a chronic disease self-management design. This paper discusses, (i) an analysis of the transcript of the workshop and, (ii) interviews with five practising senior designers, in order to reflect on how the persona-building process was enacted and its role in the HealthMap design evolution. The collaborative rapid persona-building methodology supported: embedding user research insights, eliciting domain expertise, introducing design thinking, facilitating stakeholder collaboration and defining early design requirements. The contribution of this paper is to model the process of collaborative rapid persona-building and to introduce the collaborative rapid persona-building framework as a method to generate design priorities from domain expertise and user research data.
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González Hernández, Juan, und Alexandra Valadez Jiménez. „Personalidad y respuesta psicológica en deportistas. Representación temporal y adaptativa del proceso persona-deporte (Personality and psychological response in athletes. Temporal and adaptive representation of the person-sport process)“. Retos, Nr. 30 (30.05.2016): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50267.
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Introducción. La identificación de las personas en un contexto de aprendizaje, contempla que sus rendimientos se consideren como parte de la construcción de su personalidad dentro de un proceso constantemente interactivo. En el ámbito deportivo, el deportista contempla tal interacción en un proceso adaptativo donde deben tenerse en cuenta variables psicológicas internas como externas. El presente estudio persigue ahondar en la variabilidad individual y contextual, teniendo en cuenta diferencias y relaciones, que a modo de esfuerzos adaptativos, influyen en la respuesta psicológica. Método. La muestra son deportistas (N=589), con una media de 23.96 años, elegida aleatoriamente y distribuida por género (hombres=64.8%; mujeres=35.2%), categoría (individual=35.1%; colectivo=64.8%) y nivel de deporte (profesionales=41.6%; amateur=58.4%). Los instrumentos utilizados han permitido analizar información sobre variables de personalidad, orientación motivacional y estilos de afrontamiento emocionales. Resultados. Diferencias individuales en cuanto a la edad se clasifican en todas las variables; se señalan indicadores más bajos en afabilidad y orientación motivacional (ego) en deportes individuales, de apertura mental y orientación motivacional (tarea) en deportes colectivos, no mostrándose diferencias en coping según el tipo de deporte. Se evidencian correlaciones importantes entre personalidad, coping y motivación. Además, el árbol decisional establecido señala que la energía y la afabilidad son los indicadores que más se diferencian en cuanto a la edad, teniendo en cuenta además la apertura mental, orientación al ego y autocrítica. Conclusiones. Con ello, conocer la variabilidad individual y estrategias de adaptación motivacional y emocional, permiten ajustar en todo momento dicho proceso, teniendo en cuenta los componentes más temperamentales del individuo.Abstract. Introduction. People’s identification within a learning context considers their attainments as part of the construction of their personality in a constantly interactive process. In sports, athletes contemplate such an interaction in an adaptive process that should take into account internal and external psychological variables. This study seeks to delve into individual and contextual variability, taking into account differences and relationships as adaptive efforts influencing psychological response. Method. The sample was composed by athletes (N = 589) with an average age of 23.96 years old, randomly selected and distributed by gender (male = 64.8%; women = 35.2%), category (single = 35.1%; group = 64.8%) and sport level (professional = 41.6%; amateur = 58.4%). The instruments used permitted to analyze information on personality variables, motivational counseling and emotional coping styles. Results. Individual differences by age are classified in all variables; the lowest indicators of affability and motivational orientation (ego) appeared in individual sports, whereas in team sports the lowest scores were found in open-mindedness and motivational orientation (task). No differences by sport type were highlighted in coping. In addition, an established decisional tree indicates that energy and affability are the indicators that differ the most in terms of age, including open-mindedness, self-criticism, and ego orientation, as well. Conclusions. Knowing individual variability and motivational and emotional adaptation strategies, at the same time that we take into account the most temperamental individual components, allow us to adjust the process at any moment.
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Rustinar, Eli. „Konstruksi Klausa Makian pada Partisipan Usia Tua dalam Bahasa Melayu Bengkulu“. Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran (KIBASP) 3, Nr. 1 (23.12.2019): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kibasp.v3i1.969.
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The purpose of this study is to describe the construction of invective clause markers in old age participants. The research method is qualitative. Data and data sources are insults derived from Bengkulu Malay language informants. Data collection methods and techniques through listening and introspection. The method of listening uses the basic techniques of tapping techniques outlined in the advanced technique, which is a free trial of competent involvement (SBLC), record, and record. Stages of providing data through three activities, namely collecting, selecting, and structuring. Analytical methods and techniques use contextual analysis, peer review, and distribution or distribution. There is a construct of marking invective clauses on parental participants: namely: 1) based on the position of the elements of the clause shows that the invective tends to be within the invective core clause, 2) based on function analysis, invective tends to occupy the predicate function (P) which is positioned in front of the subject (S) i.e. position (PS), 3) the use of the second persona pronominal as a mark of curse clauses indicates the tendency of invective use in intimate / intimate participants, 4) the use of clits - it is that the curse clause functions to emphasize imperative sentences and reinforcement designations in cursing sentences so that the utterances become coarser and the level of emotional expression of anger becomes higher. Conclusions, construction of invective clauses on parental participants includes; elemental position, function analysis, pronominal, and clit usage
Keywords: Curse, Old Age, Clause, Bengkulu Malay Language
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Kulkarni, Smita S., und Sangeeta Jadhav. „Machine Learning Model for Group Activity Recognition Based on Discriminative Interaction Contextual Relationship“. Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (03.08.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5596312.
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This paper represents the recognition of group activity in public areas, considering personal actions and interactions between people from the field of computer vision. Modeling the interaction relationships between multiple people is essential for recognizing group activity in the video scene. In artificial intelligence applications, identifying group activities based on human interaction is often a challenging task. This paper proposed a model that formulates a group action context (GAC) descriptor. The descriptor was developed by integrating the focal person action descriptor and interaction joint context descriptor of nearby people in the video frame. The model used an efficient optimization principle based on machine learning to learn the discriminative interaction context relations between multiple persons. The proposed novel group action context descriptor is classified by support vector machine (SVM) to recognize group activity. The proposed technique effectiveness is evaluated for group activity recognition by performing experiments on a publicly available collective activity dataset. The proposed approach infers a group action class when multiple persons are together in the video sequence, especially when the interaction between people is confusing. The overall group action recognition model is interrelated with a baseline model to estimate the performance of interaction context information. The experimental result of the proposed group activity recognition model is comparable and outperforms the previous methods.
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Jenert, Tobias, und Taiga Brahm. „The interplay of personal and contextual diversity during the first year at Higher Education: Combining a quantitative and a qualitative approach“. Frontline Learning Research 9, Nr. 2 (12.03.2021): 50–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14786/flr.v9i2.669.
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Research on student transition into Higher Education (HE) has taken different theoretical perspectives. First, studies investigated personal variables such as students´ self-efficacy, emotions and motivation regarding the transition from school to HE. A second strand of research focused on contextual variables, for instance college effectiveness research. With this paper, we combine both the personal and the contextual approach. We aim to investigate the interaction between personal and contextual diversity during the transition into HE, taking into account students’ diversity in particular with regard to gender and individual characteristics, such as self-efficacy. We explored the heterogeneity in students’ personal characteristics by conducting a latent profile analysis (LPA) based on students’ intrinsic motivation, self-efficacy and anxiety before entering Higher Education. LPA resulted in three distinct profiles, with significant differences in how students perceived the first year. This finding suggests that students’ personal characteristics when entering Higher Education influence how they experience the study environment. To investigate the interplay between individual and contextual differences in more detail, we conducted a qualitative longitudinal study with 14 first-year students in parallel with the panel survey. We found that individual students react very differently to specific characteristics and events of the first-year environment. Our study adds to the growing body of research that aims to grasp the complexity of interactions between individual and contextual differences. Specifically, we illustrate how combining quantitative and qualitative methods can provide new insights into person-context interactions.
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Cha, Jaeseung. „Person and Context“. Journal of Reformed Theology 13, Nr. 2 (25.10.2019): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697312-01302018.
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AbstractThe way in which theology is formulated often relates to three components—texts, traditions, and contexts—each of which has its own distinctive and interactive forces to shape theology. The major conundrum affecting methodology of contemporary theology is, however, a radical shift from text and tradition to context, as if both text and tradition had been contextual and thus theology were always to be contextual. What if our contexts are oppressive and violent? On what basis can we resist such violent contextual values? Who are ‘we’ here and what does ‘resist’ imply for theological method? Reviewing various concepts of person in Max Scheler, Korean neo-Confucian scholar Dasan Cheong Yak Yong (1762–1836), and Emmanuel Levinas, this article argues that person, not as a self-sufficient subjectivity but as one interacting with others and their contexts, must be included as one of the subjects that formulates theology, along with texts, traditions, and contexts, and that interactions among the four components are the actual forces for constructing theology.
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Saldert, Charlotta, Hannah Bartonek-Åhman und Steven Bloch. „Interaction between Nursing Staff and Residents with Aphasia in Long-Term Care: A Mixed Method Case Study“. Nursing Research and Practice 2018 (02.12.2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9418692.
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Introduction.Thousands of individuals with communication disorders live in long-term residential care. Nursing staff are often their primary communication partners. The positive effects of social interaction and person-centred care have been recognised but there remains a paucity of research on the content and quality of communicative interaction between long-term care staff and residents with aphasia. This mixed method study investigates the discourse in interaction between nursing staff and residents with aphasia.Methods.A routine care activity was explored in 26 video-recordings featuring four enrolled nurses and four elderly persons with severe aphasia. Factors such as goals and roles in the activity were mapped out and a qualitative discourse analysis was performed. Based on the findings a coding scheme was constructed and the amount of time spent in different interactional foci of discourse was explored.Results.From the qualitative findings three broad, but distinct, foci in the nurse-initiated interaction could be distinguished:(1)a focus on getting the task done with minimum interaction;(2)topics related to the task, but not necessary to get the task done; and(3)personal topics related to themes beyond the caring task. The analysis of distribution of time revealed that although most of the interaction was focused on the main care activity, between 3 and 17% of the time was spent in either task-related or non task-related interaction. The distribution varied between dyads and could not be related to the residents’ severity of aphasia nor the activity as such.Conclusions.An endeavour to interact socially with the residents with aphasia influences the nurses’ foci of interaction. Contextual and personal factors of the residents and nurses need to be considered in clinical work as well as research on how communication may be supported to facilitate social interaction and person-centredness in long-term care of people with aphasia.
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Dharmaratne, Sisira, Husna Razee, Gominda Ponnamperuma, Kosala Marambe, Andrew Dawson und Chinthaka Balasooriya. „VIGNETTE-BASED DECISION POINT ANALYSIS (VDPA): A NOVEL METHOD OF EXPLORING PERSON-CENTERED CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCES ON CLINICAL DECISION-MAKING“. European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 3, Nr. 2 (03.06.2015): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v3i2.902.
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Rationale and aims: Contextual factors are increasingly recognized as having a significant influence on clinical-decision-making. Contextual influences however, are considered ‘less scientific’ or ‘non-clinical’ in the eyes of practicing clinicians, making it a sensitive issue for discussion. Therefore, exploring these contextual influences can be challenging. Methods which can circumvent this challenge are required to evaluate clinical decision making at natural settings. This paper reports on the development of an innovative research method to address this challenge of exploring contextual influences and similar sensitive and complex clinical practice issues. Method: The researchers conducted a field research to test an interview based method which was termed as ‘Clinician Recalled Vignette (CRV) Method’. Based on reflections on the field research experience this preliminary method was refined to develop an innovative method which is potentially capable of eliciting sensitive and complex clinical practice issues. Results: Reflections on field test data provided preliminary evidence on the usefulness of the CRV method and limitations. The method that was refined, in response to limitations, focused on key decision points relevant to the clinical vignettes recalled by clinicians, and included a mechanism to identify how contextual factors influence these key decision points. This innovative method was termed ‘Vignette-based Decision Point Analysis’. Conclusions: The innovative method discussed in this paper will assist other researchers in conceptualising and conducting research projects to explore sensitive and complex clinical practice issues in natural settings.
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Sutcliffe, Alistair, Stephen Fickas und McKay Moore Sohlberg. „PC-RE: a method for personal and contextual requirements engineering with some experience“. Requirements Engineering 11, Nr. 3 (14.03.2006): 157–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00766-006-0030-0.
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Klevan, Trude, Rose-Marie Bank, Marit Borg, Bengt Karlsson, Vibeke Krane, Esther Ogundipe, Randi Semb et al. „Part I: Dynamics of Recovery: A Meta-Synthesis Exploring the Nature of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Recovery“. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, Nr. 15 (22.07.2021): 7761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157761.
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Recovery-oriented care has become a leading vision across countries. To develop services and communities in more recovery-oriented directions, enhanced understandings of recovery in terms of personal and social contexts are important prerequisites. The aim of this study is to explore the nature and characteristics of the experiences of recovery. The method used is a form of qualitative meta-synthesis that integrates the findings from multiple qualitative studies published by one research group. Twenty-eight empirical papers with a focus on recovery as personal and contextual experiences were included in this meta-synthesis. Five meta-themes were developed: (a) being normal, (b) respecting and accepting oneself, (c) being in control, (d) recovery as intentional, and (e) recovery as material and social. The themes describe how recovery encompasses dynamics between personal experiences and contextual dimensions. This meta-synthesis consolidated an understanding of recovery as dynamics of the self and others, and as dynamics of the self and material resources. This understanding of recovery suggests the need to work not only with the person, but also with families, networks, social systems, and local communities, thus developing mental health and substance abuse services in more collaborative, open-ended, and context-sensitive directions.
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Lerner, Richard M. „Frontiers in Theory-Predicated Research in Youth Development: A Commentary“. Journal of Youth Development 14, Nr. 1 (12.03.2019): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2019.739.
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The field of youth development sits at the frontier of new opportunities for research and practice. These opportunities are enabled by innovations in theory and in theory-inspired research methods. Framed by relational developmental systems metatheory, dynamic systems models of youth development emphasize that every young person has the potential to change positively by aligning specific individual strengths and contextual resources that, together, can optimize the life paths of a young person. The methods linked to these theoretical models combine to help identify the specific links between an individual and his or her context that may maximize thriving across the adolescent decade. The evidence derived from theory-predicated use of these methods may be used to create innovations in youth development programs and policies that promote lives of personal thriving and social contribution among the diverse young people of our world.
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Ramasari, Maria. „AN ANALYSIS OF DEIXIS EXISTED ON ARTICLES AT JAKARTA POST“. Journal of Language and Literature 8, Nr. 2 (2020): 146–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/jll.2020.v8i2.3369.
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The use of deixis on every language has different forms including English because of the various different context, such as grammatical rules and also background of culture or custom in society. This research is conducted to identify and analyze the forms of Deixis existed on Articles at Jakarta Post as contextual information. Research method of analyzing data used was descriptive qualitative research. Human instrument and text analysis are used as instruments of collecting data. Based on the data analyzed, it was found that pronoun of person deixis was most frequently used (existed) as second person deixis, third person deixis, possessive personal plural person deixis, and reflective personal person deixis that was used as reference to participant role of a referent for describing the speaker, the addressee and referent which are neither speaker nor addressee in written forms. In addition, the deixis with focus on time was also existed on Jakarta Post’s articles as the moment of utterance which is the coding time (the time of utterance conveyed by informants) and receiving time (the time of recovery of information by the hearer who got the information). The deixis of place that was existed on articles of Jakarta Post, was deictic reference to describe the current locations of informants indicated.
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Wahyuningtyas, Dessy Putri. „Early Childhood Education Based on Life Skills for Street Children in Surabaya“. Elementary: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 5, Nr. 1 (25.06.2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/elementary.v5i1.1365.
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Life skills of early childhood consist of personal skills and social skills. In life skills-based education in early childhood is of course related to aspects of child development, namely physical, cognitive, language, social emotional, and spiritual. This research method uses normative research, with the approach used in life skills-based education is a contextual approach. While the methods used are interactive methods, role playing, open discussion and small group activities can also use modeling, observation, situation analysis, one to one rehearsal, debates, and games as a method of theaching life skills. This life skills-based early childhood education program consists of daily living skills and personal or social skills with practical life, sensory, mathematics, language art, and cultural activities that are useful for children’s personal development.
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Bonoti, Fotini, Vasilia Christidou und Georgia Maria Spyrou. „‘A smile stands for health and a bed for illness’: Graphic cues in children’s drawings“. Health Education Journal 78, Nr. 7 (13.03.2019): 728–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896919835581.
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Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether children use specific types of graphic cues (facial, postural, contextual) in their drawings of healthy and ill persons and whether these cues differ as a function of age. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: A public primary school in a medium-sized city in Greece. Method: A total of 200 children in the age group of 5, 7, 9 and 11 years were first asked to define the terms under investigation, and then to draw a healthy and an ill person, as well as a baseline drawing (of a person neither healthy nor ill). Human figure drawings of health and illness were compared with their baseline drawing in an attempt to detect possible alterations in the (1) face, (2) body and (3) overall context of the drawing. Results: From the age of 5 years onwards, children were able to use a combination of graphic cues to convey health and illness in their drawings. Moreover, children in all age groups more often (1) employed facial cues to depict illness and health, (2) used more postural and contextual cues to depict illness than health, (3) introduced a variety of contextual cues in their drawings (e.g. linguistic, nutritional, environmental, physical and medical) and (4) used more types of graphic cues as well as more categories of contextual cues to depict illness than health. Finally, it was found that the drawings of the 5-year-old children involved significantly fewer graphic cues than those of the 7- and 11-year-olds, and significantly less contextual cues than the drawings produced by the 9- and 11-year-olds. Conclusion: Study findings shed light on the way children perceive and represent graphically illness and health and these are discussed in relation to their implications for health education.
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Liawati, Azizah, Siska Rizkiani und Agil Jamaludin. „DEIXIS IN THE CLEVER SERVANT STORY“. PROJECT (Professional Journal of English Education) 3, Nr. 1 (26.01.2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/project.v3i1.p54-58.
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Pragmatics is a study of contextual meaning. Finding out the context and meaning of a conversation can be learned through deixis. This research analyzes types of deixis such as personal, time and place deixis. This research discusing about recount text entitled "The Clever Servant" as the instrument of this study. This research applied a descriptive qualitative method. The steps to analyze data are searching the story, reading the story, finding the data based on three kinds of deixis above. In this research, there was 27 deixis found in the text. The most common type of deixis is person deixis with 19 words. Whereas place deixis has 5 words and time deixis has 3 words. In this study, the researcher find out that personal deixis is the dominant type in the text. Keywords: Deixis, Pragmatics, The Clever Servant
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Ceri-Booms, Meltem. „Context and person-oriented leader in teams: a meta-analytical review“. Team Performance Management: An International Journal 26, Nr. 1/2 (12.03.2020): 91–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tpm-11-2019-0111.
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Purpose The research studies the role of contextual moderating variables on the relationship between person-oriented leadership behaviors (POLBs) and team performance. The authors claim that the varying effect sizes between POLBs and team performance are large because of the context the team is functioning in. Therefore, based on the framework of Johns (2006), this paper aims to investigate the moderating role of the relevant demographic (leader gender), social (in-group collectivism and team size), task (skill differentiation) and methodological (common method bias and the rater of the team performance) contextual variables in the study. Design/methodology/approach The authors accumulated evidence from 48 independent primary studies (N team = 4,276) to run the meta-analytic analyses. The authors followed the procedures described by Schmidt and Hunter (2015). For the categorical moderators, the analyzes were aided by the Hunter–Schmidt meta-analysis programs (2.0) (Schmidt and Le, 2014), which is an interactive software using a random-effects model. In the analyzes for the continuous moderators, the authors used Lipsey and Wilson’s (2001) statistical package for the social sciences macros and run meta-regressions using a random-effects model with unrestricted maximum likelihood. Findings The results indicate that the relationship weakens when female leaders exhibit these behaviors and when the team size increases. On the other hand, in-group collectivism strengthens the relationship. The study also found that the common method bias and the assessment method of the team performance are significant moderators altering the relationship. Practical implications The study highlights the perceptual differences and biases based on leader gender. Acknowledging these biases may help practitioners to appreciate the female qualities in leadership and decrease the undervaluation of female effectiveness. To create high-performing teams, leaders in high in-group collectivist countries are expected to develop a family feeling in the team by showing their concern for personal issues and build close interpersonal relationships. Researchers should use multiple sources to assess the predictor and criterion variables and also opt for more objective assessment methods for team performance. Originality/value With this study, the authors follow a substantively different perspective compared to the past meta-analytic reviews on this relationship. Rather than testing the inquiry whether there is a relationship between the two variables, the authors specifically focus on the role of contextual moderating variables. Several researchers have acknowledged that contextual considerations are critical in leadership-team performance research. Nevertheless, the body of research remains to be not cohesive. Thus, the study answers a call in the leadership area for a more context-based and cohesive understanding of the effects of leadership on team performance.
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Lichtenberg, Peter A., Rebecca Campbell, LaToya Hall und Evan Z. Gross. „Context Matters: Financial, Psychological, and Relationship Insecurity Around Personal Finance Is Associated With Financial Exploitation“. Gerontologist 60, Nr. 6 (25.03.2020): 1040–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnaa020.
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Abstract Background and Objectives Context can influence or overwhelm the intellectual and cognitive aspects of financial decision making but has only recently received increased attention. The construct validity of conceptual subscales from a financial decision-making scale was examined in the context of their relationship to financial exploitation. Research Design and Methods Two hundred forty-two community-based participants were recruited into the study. The final sample contained 242 participants. Measures included demographic variables, conceptually derived contextual items, and neurocognitive measures. Seventeen of the 34 contextual items investigated differentiated financially exploited and nonexploited older adults. Combining these 17 contextual items led to the creation of a new scale: the Financial Exploitation Vulnerability Scale (FEVS). Correlational analyses and area under the curve analyses were used to examine the relationship between this new scale of contextual items and other measures and to determine how clinically meaningful the scale was in the current sample. Results Contextual items were powerful discriminators between those who were exploited and those who were not. The new scale of contextual items (the FEVS) demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.82) and a strong area under the curve (receiver operating characteristic = 0.80), thereby indicating good clinical significance and evidence for construct validity. Discussion and Implications We examined the conceptually derived subscales of financial awareness, psychological vulnerability, and relationship strain and how these relate to financial exploitation. Our major finding is that contextual items differentiated between exploited and nonexploited adults, which demonstrate the importance of measuring context in financial decision making and exploitation. A new scale for measuring contextual items was introduced.
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Wulandari, Sari, Amaliyah Amaliyah und Andy Hadiyanto. „PEMBELAJARAN KONTEKSTUAL PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM : PERSPEKTIF IBNU KHALDUN“. Tarbiyatuna : Kajian Pendidikan Islam 4, Nr. 2 (30.11.2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.29062/tarbiyatuna.v4i2.421.
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This study aims to describe: 1) the objectives of Islamic Education according to Ibn Khaldun, 2) the concept of contextual learning according to Ibn Khaldun, 3) the relevance of Ibn Khaldun's educational thought to modern contextual learning. The research method used in this study is library research. While the analytical method used is descriptive qualitative. The results of this study indicate that, 1) the purpose of Ibn Khaldun's contextual learning is to form a perfect human person, while at the same time forming a human personality to be able to live in society, 2) the concept of contextual learning according to Ibnu Khaldun is practically realistic, namely the concept of learning oriented to experience and realistic towards the needs of human life, 3) Ibn Khaldun's educational thought is relevant to modern contextual learning.
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Butler, Clare, Jocelyn Finniear, Anne Marie Doherty und Steve Hill. „Exploring identity: a figurative character image-elicitation approach“. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 9, Nr. 2 (03.06.2014): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-10-2012-1103.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the potential of incorporating visual methods in the study of identity and identity work. Design/methodology/approach – Scholars have proposed a range of approaches to the study of identity. However, studies have typically relied on interviews or surveys with little exploration of the dynamic narrating of self-in-situ inherent to identity and identity work. The paper reviews the aforementioned methods, builds on the power of visual approaches, and proposes a method involving figurative character image-elicitation (FCI). FCI uses personal, contextual cartoon-style images to mobilize and encourage the narration of identity. The paper details the development of the approach, drawing on a pilot study, and reports its use in an exploratory study of employee identity. Findings – The results suggest that the use of FCI provides a situated focus for the narration of identity with the signifying – self-insitu – nature of the images providing room for participants to position themselves as subject. These features are also suggested to provide a safe distance for a more in-depth and expressive discussion which transcends impression management. Originality/value – The use of FCI has highlighted the power of visual methods in the exploration of identity and identity work. The approach is personally engaging and contextually adaptable providing methodological opportunities for a range of organizational and societal studies.
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Kundid Vasić, Mirela, und Vladan Papić. „Multimodel Deep Learning for Person Detection in Aerial Images“. Electronics 9, Nr. 9 (07.09.2020): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9091459.
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In this paper, we propose a novel method for person detection in aerial images of nonurban terrain gathered by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), which plays an important role in Search And Rescue (SAR) missions. The UAV in SAR operations contributes significantly due to the ability to survey a larger geographical area from an aerial viewpoint. Because of the high altitude of recording, the object of interest (person) covers a small part of an image (around 0.1%), which makes this task quite challenging. To address this problem, a multimodel deep learning approach is proposed. The solution consists of two different convolutional neural networks in region proposal, as well as in the classification stage. Additionally, contextual information is used in the classification stage in order to improve the detection results. Experimental results tested on the HERIDAL dataset achieved precision of 68.89% and a recall of 94.65%, which is better than current state-of-the-art methods used for person detection in similar scenarios. Consequently, it may be concluded that this approach is suitable for usage as an auxiliary method in real SAR operations.
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KUMYSHEVA, Rimma M. „COGNITIVE ACTIVITY MODEL OF MUSICIANS-STUDENTS IN CONTEXTUAL LEARNING“. PRIMO ASPECTU, Nr. 3(47) (15.09.2021): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/2500-2635-2021-3-47-82-87.
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One of the urgent problems in professional music education is the lack of a system and mechanisms for the formation of a holistic world picture and systemic personality development of students. The reasons are: inconsistency in the teaching of musical and humanitarian disciplines; training without taking into account the specific personal characteristics of the musicians. This article presents a model of music students’ cognitive activity, built from the standpoint of systemic, personal, activity and contextual approaches. The proposed model of the students-musicians cognitive activity is based on the specific features of the musicians’ cognitive sphere revealed by the method of theoretical analysis. The students-musicians cognitive activity model is presented as a combination of intuitive, logical and transitional modes, in each of which implicit information processing and decision-making are manifested with varying degrees of activity; explicit reproduction of knowledge and decision making, explicit modeling of musical activity. The experience of applying the model in practice has led to the transformation of psychological and pedagogical knowledge in musical activity and the world picture of students.
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Lv, Ning, Jing Li Zhou und Lei Hua Qin. „Using Context to Discern User Tasks on Desktop“. Applied Mechanics and Materials 519-520 (Februar 2014): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.519-520.318.
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The precise context of user tasks helps to ameliorate personal information management on desktop. This paper introduces a novel approach to discern user tasks using contextual information which is divided into two categories, user behavior based context and text based context. With the contextual information, user tasks are discerned by support vector machine (SVM) method. Experimental results showed the impact of distinct attributes of files on the performance of user task identification.
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Greaney, Mary L., Elaine Puleo, Kim Sprunck-Harrild, Jess Haines, Serena C. Houghton und Karen M. Emmons. „Social Support for Changing Multiple Behaviors: Factors Associated With Seeking Support and the Impact of Offered Support“. Health Education & Behavior 45, Nr. 2 (07.07.2017): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1090198117712333.
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Introduction. Social support is important for behavior change, and it may be particularly important for the complexities of changing multiple risk behaviors (MRB). Research is needed to determine if participants in an MRB intervention can be encouraged to activate their social network to aid their change efforts. Methods. Healthy Directions 2, a cluster-randomized controlled trial of an intervention conducted in two urban health centers, targeted five behaviors (physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, red meat consumption, multivitamin use, and smoking). The self-guided intervention emphasized changing MRB simultaneously, focused on self-monitoring and action planning, and encouraged participants to seek support from social network members. An MRB score was calculated for each participant, with one point being assigned for each behavioral recommendation that was not met. Analyses were conducted to identify demographic and social contextual factors (e.g., interpersonal, neighborhood, and organizational resources) associated with seeking support and to determine if type and frequency of offered support were associated with changes in MRB score. Results. Half (49.6%) of participants identified a support person. Interpersonal resources were the only contextual factor that predicted engagement of a support person. Compared to individuals who did not seek support, those who identified one support person had 61% greater reduction in MRB score, and participants identifying multiple support persons had 100% greater reduction. Conclusion. Engagement of one’s social network leads to significantly greater change across multiple risk behaviors. Future research should explore strategies to address support need for individuals with limited interpersonal resources.
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Weitkamp, Emma, Lindsey McEwen und Patty Ramirez. „Communicating the hidden: toward a framework for drought risk communication in maritime climates“. Climatic Change 163, Nr. 2 (November 2020): 831–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-020-02906-z.
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AbstractThis paper explores stakeholder perspectives on the drought discourse in the UK, where climate change is predicted to increase drought risk. This study took a co-productive, mixed-methods approach to investigate drought risk communication issues through repeated engagements with local advisory groups in seven catchments across Britain and a national stakeholder competency group. These data were enriched by in-depth interviews with 17 statutory and non-statutory stakeholders working in a variety of capacities from water supply to habitat management. Codes were divided into contextual factors (cultural or drought specific factors) and individual factors (individual attributes relating to the person receiving the communication or factors within the control of communicators). The paper considers the implications of these contextual and personal factors for approaches to, and the framing of, drought risk communication (DRC). We conclude by proposing a framework for thinking about DRC in maritime climates where drought risk may not be readily perceived by some publics. This framework explores the role of heuristics in risk perception, and proposes a way of conceptualising publics that may more readily engage with DRC. In proposing the framework, we seek to stimulate new ways of thinking about DRC.
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Perwaiz, Nazia, Muhammad Moazam Fraz und Muhammad Shahzad. „Stochastic attentions and context learning for person re-identification“. PeerJ Computer Science 7 (05.05.2021): e447. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.447.
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The discriminative parts of people’s appearance play a significant role in their re-identification across non overlapping camera views. However, just focusing on the discriminative or attention regions without catering the contextual information does not always help. It is more important to learn the attention with reference to their spatial locations in context of the whole image. Current person re-identification (re-id) approaches either use separate modules or classifiers to learn both of these; the attention and its context, resulting in highly expensive person re-id solutions. In this work, instead of handling attentions and the context separately, we employ a unified attention and context mapping (ACM) block within the convolutional layers of network, without any additional computational resources overhead. The ACM block captures the attention regions as well as the relevant contextual information in a stochastic manner and enriches the final person representations for robust person re-identification. We evaluate the proposed method on 04 public benchmarks of person re-identification i.e., Market1501, DukeMTMC-Reid, CUHK03 and MSMT17 and find that the ACM block consistently improves the performance of person re-identification over the baseline networks.
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Sorenson, Susan B., Judith M. Siegel, Jacqueline M. Golding und Judith A. Stein. „Repeated Sexual Victimization“. Violence and Victims 6, Nr. 4 (01.12.1991): 299–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.6.4.299.
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Patterns of repeated victimization were investigated in a large community-based survey about sexual assault. Multiple victimization was common: of the 433 sexually assaulted respondents, two-thirds reported more than one incident; the average number of incidents per person was 3.2. Single- and multiple-incident victims of sexual assault did not differ on a wide range of variables including demographics, mental disorders, and general functioning (e.g., suicide attempts, family violence). Thus, once an initial victimization occurred, personal characteristics of the victim were not related to risk for subsequent sexual assault. Additional research which obtains more specific information on each event is needed to strengthen confidence in these findings. Considerations for research on multiple victimization are discussed. Further research may benefit from exploring contextual factors and using longitudinal research methods.
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Cameron, Miriam E. „Older Persons’ Ethical Problems Involving Their Health“. Nursing Ethics 9, Nr. 5 (September 2002): 537–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0969733002ne543oa.
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Although older persons (aged 65 years and older) experience stressful ethical problems involving their health, research is lacking about this phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to describe and examine the content and basic nature of older persons’ ethical problems concerning their health. The conceptual framework and method combined ethical enquiry and phenomenology. The participants were 18 older persons and 12 of their children or grandchildren (for contextual understanding). The 19 women and 11 men, 73% of whom were Caucasian, described 184 ethical problems, from which emerged 10 content categories. The basic nature of the ethical problems consisted of conflict, resolution and rationale. The results could assist health professionals to promote older persons’ ethical decision making, quality of life, and good death.
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Oburu, Paul Odhiambo, und Kerstin Palmérus. „Parenting stress and self-reported discipline strategies of Kenyan caregiving grandmothers“. International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, Nr. 6 (November 2003): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250344000127.
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The present study examined the discipline methods used and personal and social determinants of power assertive strategies amongst 113 part-time and 128 full-time adoptive grandmothers of Kenyan children aged 1–10 years. Most of these children had been orphaned by AIDS. Evidence obtained from the study suggested that these caregivers’ employment of power assertive strategies were linked to the total stress experienced, educational attainment, and child age but not to the gender of children adopted. The results also indicated a higher prevalence of the assertive and behaviour modification strategies amongst participants over the mean age of 62 years, respondents having basic education (1–12yrs), and those dealing with transgressions of children aged 6 years and above. Coercive verbal forms of control were mainly used by younger grandmothers, or caregivers of children aged less than 6 years. The least preferred inductive strategies were employed by younger respondents, persons lacking formal education, or those dealing with children of both gender aged below 6 years. These findings suggested that the antecedents of power assertive strategies lay both within personal and contextual factors.
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Kozlovskaya, N. V. „N.F. Fedorov’s term system as an object of reflection in the personal encyclopedia“. Solov’evskie issledovaniya, Nr. 2 (30.06.2020): 154–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2076-9210.2020.2.154-165.
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The article presents the results of the work on the description of the author's philosophical terminological system by N.F. Fedorov and analyzes the basic types of N.F. Fedorov philosophical terms and focuses on their creation methods. The basic principles of the internal organization of the author's philosophical terminological system are stated, its field character is justified. The ideas of the terminological system are substantiated, the core and the periphery are separately characterized. To identify key terms, methods of contextual analysis, frequency, corpus linguistics are used. To characterize the terms, linguistic methods for studying the following terms are used: componential analysis, combinatorial analysis, definitional analysis, and also a method for constructing paradigms. A general thematic classification of special vocabulary is proposed. The analysis of the methods of term formation is presented, a characteristic of each method is given: semantic term formation and its varieties, syntactic and word-formation methods. The phenomenon of term acquisition is separately analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the phenomenon of intersystem interaction that accompanies semantic term formation. Author’s neologisms are pointed out, ways of their formation and features of functioning are considered. The analysis of textual paradigmatic connections is given (terminological opposition, hyponymy, synonymy), associative-derivative connections of key terms are revealed. In conclusion, the main discursive practice of defining concepts is briefly characterized: definability by the whole text and metaphor. Conclusions about the qualitative and quantitative originality of the analyzed author's philosophical terms and the specifics of the author's term system are made.
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Randall, William M., und Nikki S. Rickard. „Personal Music Listening“. Music Perception 34, Nr. 5 (01.06.2017): 501–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/mp.2017.34.5.501.
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Personal music listening on mobile phones is rapidly growing as a popular means of everyday engagement with music. This portable and flexible style of listening allows for the immediate selection of music to fulfil emotional needs, presenting it as a powerful resource for emotion regulation. The experience sampling method (ESM) is ideal for observing music listening behavior, as it assesses current subjective experience during natural everyday music episodes. The current study aimed to develop a comprehensive model of personal music listening, and to determine the interaction of variables that produce various emotional outcomes. Data were collected from 195 participants using the MuPsych app: a mobile ESM designed for the real-time and ecologically valid measurement of personal music listening. Multilevel structural equation modelling was utilized to determine predictors of emotional outcomes on both experience and listener levels. Results revealed that music generally returns affect to a neutral state, but this is counteracted through the selection of mood-congruent music. Emotional reasons for listening, along with critical ranges of initial mood, were found to put listeners at risk of potentially undesirable outcomes. Finally, it was revealed that emotional outcomes are determined almost entirely within situations, which emphasizes the importance of accounting for contextual variables in all music and emotion research. This model has provided valuable insight into personal music listening, and the variables that are influential in producing desired emotional outcomes.
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Yusuf, Farida Nuraeni, R. Ira Irawati und Mas Halimah. „ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KINERJA TENTARA NASIONAL INDONESIA DI KOMANDO DISTRIK MILITER 0618/BS KOTA BANDUNG“. JURNAL GOVERNANSI 5, Nr. 2 (23.11.2019): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jgs.v5i2.2173.
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The Indonesian National Army performance in 0618/BS Military District Command of Bandung City is influenced by many factors. The purpose of this research is to find out the most dominant factors influencing the Indonesian National Army performance in 0618/BS Military District Command of Bandung City. The method of this research is the mixed method that the researchers use two methods, namely quantitative and qualitative methods. The techniques of data collection are observation, questionnaires using Likert’s scale, interview, and literature study. In this research, the researchers analyze five factors, namely personal factor, leadership factor, team factor, system factor, and contextual factor. Based on five factors, the results of the analysis indicate that the most dominant factor is the personal factor. It means that the Indonesian National Army is an idealized work and the members of the Indonesian National Army happily conduct the work. Moreover, the second factor that dominantly influences the performance is the leadership factor. It means that the leader mostly influences the Indonesian National Army performance in 0618/BS Military District Command.Keywords: Employee Performance, Performance Factors, TNI.
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Finger, Monika E., Annelies Boonen, Thasia G. Woodworth, Reuben Escorpizo, Robin Christensen, Sabrina M. Nielsen, Amye L. Leong et al. „An OMERACT Initiative Toward Consensus to Identify and Characterize Candidate Contextual Factors: Report from the Contextual Factors Working Group“. Journal of Rheumatology 44, Nr. 11 (01.05.2017): 1734–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.161200.
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Objective.The importance of contextual factors (CF) for appropriate patient-specific care is widely acknowledged. However, evidence in clinical trials on how CF influence outcomes remains sparse. The 2014 Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) Handbook introduced the role of CF in outcome assessment and defined them as “potential confounders and/or effect modifiers of outcomes in randomized controlled trials.” Subsequently, the CF Methods Group (CFMG) was formed to develop guidance on how to address CF in clinical trials.Methods.First, the CFMG conducted an e-mail survey of OMERACT working groups (WG) to analyze how they had addressed CF in outcome measurement so far. The results facilitated an informed discussion at the OMERACT 2016 CFMG Special Interest Group (SIG) session, with the aim of gaining preliminary consensus regarding an operational definition of CF and to make a first selection of potentially relevant CF.Results.The survey revealed that the WG had mostly used the OMERACT Handbook and/or the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) definition. However, significant heterogeneity was found in the methods used to identify, refine, and categorize CF candidates. The SIG participants agreed on using the ICF as a framework along with the OMERACT Handbook definition. A list with 28 variables was collected including person-related factors and physical and social environments. Recommendations from the SIG guided the CFMG to formulate 3 preliminary projects on how to identify and analyze CF.Conclusion.New methods are urgently needed to assist researchers to identify and characterize CF that significantly influence the interpretation of results in clinical trials. The CFMG defined first steps to develop further guidance.
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Hansen, Bryan R., Nancy A. Hodgson und Laura N. Gitlin. „African-American caregivers’ perspectives on aggressive behaviors in dementia“. Dementia 18, Nr. 7-8 (26.03.2018): 3036–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1471301218765946.
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Purpose Although African-American dementia caregivers report less upset and more confidence managing aggressive behaviors when compared to whites, their contextual experience remains unclear and this study explores that context. Methods Semi-structured interviews with 13 African-American family caregivers were analyzed using content analysis. Results Two themes emerged, “It’s the disease…not the person” and “You got to pick your battles.” “It’s the disease…not the person,” reframing aggressive behavior, included three sub-themes. Sometimes the person with dementia seemed like a stranger but caregivers remembered “In there somewhere is that person.” Aggressive behavior made this perspective difficult as they reported, “Sometimes it’s hard not to take it personal.” Premorbid dyadic conflict made caregiving difficult but caregivers remembered they were “Not who they were then.” “You got to pick your battles,” reflecting cognitive and behavioral strategies, also included three sub-themes. Participants prioritized caregiving over other commitments by reminding themselves “I got to do what I gotta do.” Preventing aggressive behaviors was most successful when “We didn’t argue…we didn’t insist” and caregivers remembered “Don’t put her in a position to fail” when involving the person with dementia in activities. Implications African-American caregivers described substantial challenges when confronted by aggressive behaviors. Strategies employed by caregivers enabled them to maintain a caring perspective and the person with dementia to maintain calm. Interventions that help caregivers manage aggressive behaviors may benefit by considering the challenges, cultural values, and effective strategies used by African-Americans.
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Nazymko, Ehor, und Olena Nazymko. „OBLIGATION TO SUPPORT DISABLED PERSONS IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE PRESENT INTERNATIONAL LEGAL NORMS AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL PROVISIONS“. Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 5, Nr. 4 (29.10.2019): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2019-5-4-155-159.
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One of the fundamental social, socio-forming institutions, which are strictly protected, including through the relevant rules of the current law, is the longstanding institute of support for persons who are unable to provide for themselves through the special disability or incapacity at all. A very important socio-institutional and socio-regulatory component of such an institution is a social consensus about the support of people with physical disabilities, which is constantly reproduced and permanently required by social communities. Among many components of the mentioned consensus, of great importance was also the indispensable obligation to carry out the full, decent or at least minimally necessary financial and material and other such support, provided by law and moral and ethical tradition, first by the parents of their young and minor children, and then, in turn, by adult, legally capable children of their older persons, including disabled, socially vulnerable parents. In spite of the necessity of careful treatment by society towards the disabled, in each country, this obligation is regulated in different ways. Therefore, it seems appropriate to analyse the obligation to keep disabled persons within the meaning of current international law and other international provisions. Methodology. The goal is solved using the cognitive potential of the system of philosophical, scientific, and special methods. The analysis and synthesis made it possible to identify the signs of incapacity for work and the specifics of the responsibilities for the maintenance of disabled persons. The methods of grammatical consideration and interpretation of legal norms have contributed to the identification of universal legal constructs that can be used in the national legislation of any sovereign country of the world. The comparative-legal method allowed determining the directions of development of national legislation of sovereign countries in order to bring them into conformity with generally accepted international standards. Practical implications. The peculiarities of the social and legal status of disabled persons require scientists to develop consistent measures of the proper legal protection of their rights. This requires establishing a clear contentspectral relationship between the concepts of such vulnerable, helpless social-group categories as “older persons”, “persons with disabilities”, and “mentally retarded persons”, which implies a broad socio-physical contextual concept of “disabled person”. The national legislation of each sovereign country should provide for a mechanism developed at the international level for collecting funds for the benefit of certain socially vulnerable persons, including the disabled.
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Denissen, Jaap J. A., Wiebke Bleidorn, Marie Hennecke, Maike Luhmann, Ulrich Orth, Jule Specht und Julia Zimmermann. „Uncovering the Power of Personality to Shape Income“. Psychological Science 29, Nr. 1 (20.11.2017): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797617724435.
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The notion of person-environment fit implies that personal and contextual factors interact in influencing important life outcomes. Using data from 8,458 employed individuals, we examined the combined effects of individuals’ actual personality traits and jobs’ expert-rated personality demands on earnings. Results from a response surface analysis indicated that the fit between individuals’ actual personality and the personality demands of their jobs is a predictor of income. Conclusions of this combined analysis were partly opposite to conclusions reached in previous studies using conventional regression methods. Individuals can earn additional income of more than their monthly salary per year if they hold a job that fits their personality. Thus, at least for some traits, economic success depends not only on having a “successful personality” but also, in part, on finding the best niche for one’s personality. We discuss the findings with regard to labor-market policies and individuals’ job-selection strategies.
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Konopasky, Abigail, Steven J. Durning, Anthony R. Artino, Divya Ramani und Alexis Battista. „The Linguistic Effects of Context Specificity: Exploring Affect, Cognitive Processing, and Agency in Physicians’ Think-Aloud Reflections“. Diagnosis 7, Nr. 3 (27.08.2020): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2019-0103.
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AbstractBackgroundThe literature suggests that affect, higher-level cognitive processes (e.g. decision-making), and agency (the capacity to produce an effect) are important for reasoning; however, we do not know how these factors respond to context. Using situated cognition theory as a framework, and linguistic tools as a method, we explored the effects of context specificity [a physician seeing two patients with identical presentations (symptoms and findings), but coming to two different diagnoses], hypothesizing more linguistic markers of cognitive load in the presence of contextual factors (e.g. incorrect diagnostic suggestion).MethodsIn this comparative and exploratory study, 64 physicians each completed one case with contextual factors and one without. Transcribed think-aloud reflections were coded by Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software for markers of affect, cognitive processes, and first-person pronouns. A repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to inferentially compare these LIWC categories between cases with and without contextual factors. This was followed by exploratory descriptive analysis of subcategories.ResultsAs hypothesized, participants used more affective and cognitive process markers in cases with contextual factors and more I/me pronouns in cases without. These differences were statistically significant for cognitive processing words but not affective and pronominal words. Exploratory analysis revealed more negative emotions, cognitive processes of insight, and third-person pronouns in cases with contextual factors.ConclusionsThis study exposes linguistic differences arising from context specificity. These results demonstrate the value of a situated cognition view of patient encounters and reveal the utility of linguistic tools for examining clinical reasoning.
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Gately, Megan E., Linda Tickle-Degnen, Scott A. Trudeau, Nathan Ward, Keren Ladin und Lauren R. Moo. „Caregiver Satisfaction with a Video Telehealth Home Safety Evaluation for Dementia“. International Journal of Telerehabilitation 12, Nr. 2 (08.12.2020): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2020.6337.
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Family caregivers are vital to telehealth-delivered dementia care. The objective of this mixed methods descriptive study conducted in the VA Bedford Healthcare System was to examine caregiver satisfaction with a video telehealth dementia home safety occupational therapy evaluation. Ten caregivers of Veterans with dementia participated. Ratings of caregiver satisfaction, measured by nine Likert scale items including ability to see and hear, were examined in relation to person and visit-related contextual factors extracted from RA field notes, to develop an in-depth understanding of caregiver experience. Person factors included caregiver age and gender and Veteran cognitive status. Visit-related contextual factors included occurrence of technical glitches. Caregiver visit satisfaction was overall positive, with exceptions related to technological glitches and the presence of the person with dementia during the visit. Veteran cognitive status appeared to influence caregiver satisfaction. Implications of the study are that proactively addressing technical glitches and incorporating dementia stage-specific approaches may optimize caregivers’ telehealth experience.
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Khraban, Tetiana. „IDENTITY CONSTRUCTION ON SOCIAL NETWORKS THROUGH THE PRISM OF DEFENSE MECHANISM “OVERCOMPENSATION”“. Scientific Journal of Polonia University 43, Nr. 6 (18.06.2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4308.
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The aim of the article is to study the identity construction in Ukrainian sector of Facebook social network through the prism of defense mechanism “overcompensation”. Psycholinguistic research methods, namely discourse analysis, the method of contextual and intuitive logical interpretation analysis are used in this empirical, inductive study. The study identified that the most desirable characteristics for an individual are hardline attitude, self-confidence, self-control, persistence, buoyancy, ambition for self-development and self-actualization, steadfastness, rebelliousness, adventurism, humanity, kindness. The Ukrainian social network users are strongly attracted by such gender roles as “real man” and “strong woman” as well as such situational social roles as “powerful man”, “rebel”, “learner”, “cynic”, “expert-adviser”, “nihilist”, “sage”, “leader”, “hedonist”. We argue that an individual who constructs his/her personal identity through the defense mechanism “overcompensation” has clearly demonstrated need for power, an individual is convinced of the moral righteousness of what he/she believes in. The need for power motivates an individual in quest for leadership. In this case, an individual is focused on charismatic leadership, that is, he/she positions himself/herself as a person who, by virtue of his/her personal abilities and qualities, is able to have a profound and extraordinary influence on the people around him/her. The preferable psychological types of leader are “hero leader”, “leader-standard”, “erudite leader”. The charismatic leadership is only an immanent orientation of consciousness toward a desired identity, no matter it is real or imagined, but this orientation certainly affects the real identity construction.
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Vaňková, Ingrida. „Adopting and Adapting Hermeneutic Method Within Translation Studies“. Journal of Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University 7, Nr. 1 (21.04.2020): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/jpnu.7.1.207-213.
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The present study focuses on the application of the hermeneutic method within translation process. The examination of the issue draws on the already established concepts of translational hermeneutics, which consider this method as a part of the initial phase of the translation activity. However, the study presents the approach according to which hermeneuticactivity is present throughout whole translation process. The author thus examines deployment of Ricoeur’s hermeneutic concept of interpretation and understanding of the complex translation activity. Finally, a new hermeneutic-pragmalinguistic conceptualization method is introduced applying the hermeneutic approach within the complex translation process. It is noted that on a semantic level the person who pronounces the word I, which is associated with a specific name, forms personal identity. At the pragmatic level, the meaning of the word I become contextually dependent on the discourse in which it is constantly formed. On the borderline between semantics and pragmatics, a person becomes a reflexive Self, capable of hermeneutical activity of understanding. The author focuses on Ricoeur's research, which defines language as an objective system and / or code and discourse. He also argues that language as a code is collective in that it exists as a set of parallel rules (synchronous system) and is anonymous in the sense that it is not theresult of any intention. The language is not conscious in terms of structural or cultural unconsciousness. The author focuses on the stages of hermeneutic activity. This indicates that the first stepreveals the essence of interpretation as an important part of the hermeneutical method, which is a dynamic process that includes a non-methodological moment of understanding and a methodological moment of explanation. Characterizes the second stage of hermeneutic activity it is the stage of configuration. That is, the stage of conceptualizing meaning in language. The third stage, that is, the stage of refiguration, is a complete understanding of the discourse and its interpretation. Hermeneutic activity is fully realized in reading, which represents the space between pragmatics and semantic structure. This phenomenon is described as the stage where a person operates with all their knowledge, pragmatic language and experience, not yet structured to solve one particular cognitive-reflexive task. With regard to the thematic and non-thematic cognitive abilities of each person, the translator, as a professional user of at least two languages, has a cognitive-reflexive knowledge in which at least two language cultures interrelate and intersect. It is vaccinated that, at the interlingual and interlingual levels of hermeneutic activity (in interpretation and understanding), an individual not only uses language but also changes andtransforms it.
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Pitoyo, Agus Joko. „COMBATTING SEXUAL HARASSMENT AGAINST WOMEN MIGRANT WORKERS OVERSEAS: LOOKING AT THE CONTEXTUAL FACTORS“. Populasi 24, Nr. 1 (03.04.2016): 36–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jp.23694.
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Violence against women is a criminal act. It involves not only in personal domain, but also within social arenas. It could be happened in social life, such as the fact of sexual harassment at work. Through qualitative retrospective cross-sectional methods, the study aimed to explore the contextual factors of sexual harassment which have occurred overseas among women migrant workers from Ponorogo, East Java, Indonesia. Several factors altogether were identi ed as logical elements contributing to the existence of sexual harassment, composed of personal factors, relationship, working environment and structural regulation. The poor mechanism of placing Indonesian workers overseas was also perceived as an exacerbating factor to the presence of the conducts. Sexual harassment was more likely happened for female migrants in young age, low skill, and poor language in host countries. Several kinds of dependencies upon employers, such as administrative dependency, social and economic dependencies, and the existence of con ict at work were identi ed as other precipitating factors to the malpractice.
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Ayala, Edgardo, David Flores, Claudia Quintanilla und Raquel Castaño. „Daily use of time, personal characteristics and experienced well-being“. Journal of Consumer Marketing 34, Nr. 2 (20.03.2017): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-01-2015-1285.
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Purpose This paper aims to seek to provide a more comprehensive view of the determinants of experienced well-being by incorporating personal characteristics suggested to be significant predictors of global well-being, such as income, materialism, religiosity, community mindedness and sleep quality (Diener et al., 1999; Frey and Stutzer, 2002), as well as time-use activities (Kahneman and Krueger, 2006) and contextual elements, such as day of the week (Csikszentmihalyi and Hunter, 2003; Kahneman et al., 2004a) and the presence of companions, into a single model of predictive experienced well-being using the day reconstruction method (Kahneman et al., 2004a). Design/methodology/approach The authors applied the day reconstruction method to a sample of 1,823 episodes from 104 undergraduate students at a private university in Mexico to determine time assignment and emotional experience. Data were analyzed using a panel data regression model. Findings It is currently accepted that experienced well-being depends on how people assign their time; however, the results suggest marginal and interaction effects between time assignment and sharing activities with others. Individuals experience an increase in well-being when any activity is done with others, independent of the valence or the duration of the activity. Also, while money does not produce higher well-being, the share of the budget that is spent with others does cause people to experience more well-being. Finally, the results indicate that personal characteristics are equally important to experienced well-being. Research limitations/implications The sample was restricted to students; thus, to achieve external validity, it is necessary to replicate this analysis within different populations as well as groups of different ages and occupations. Originality/value The authors provided an integrative model of experienced well-being that combines personal characteristics, time assignment and contextual factors. In addition, this model provides a more accurate gauge of the impact of personal characteristics on well-being than previous studies by controlling for time assignment and by measuring the impact on experienced, rather than global, well-being.
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Rivero-Rodriguez, Alejandro, Paolo Pileggi und Ossi Antero Nykänen. „Mobile Context-Aware Systems: Technologies, Resources and Applications“. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 10, Nr. 2 (28.04.2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v10i2.5367.
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Mobile applications often adapt their behavior according to user context, however, they are often limited to consider few sources of contextual information, such as user position or language. This article reviews existing work in context-aware systems (CAS), e.g., how to model context, and discusses further development of CAS and its potential applications by looking at available information, methods and technologies. Social Media seems to be an interesting source of personal information when appropriately exploited. In addition, there are many types of general information, ranging from weather and public transport to information of books and museums. These information sources can be combined in previously unexplored ways, enabling the development of smarter mobile services in different domains. Users are, however, reluctant to provide their personal information to applications; therefore, there is a crave for new regulations and systems that allow applications to use such contextual data without compromising the user privacy.
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Findlay-Walsh, Iain. „Sonic Autoethnographies: Personal listening as compositional context“. Organised Sound 23, Nr. 1 (26.12.2017): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771817000371.
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This article discusses a range of self-reflexive tendencies in field recording, soundscape composition and studio production, and explores examples of sonic practices and works in which the personal listening experiences of the composer are a key contextual and compositional element. As broad areas for discussion, particular attention is given tosoundscape composition as self-narrative(exploring the representation of the recordist in soundscape works) and toproducing the hyperreal and the liminal(considering spatial characteristics of contemporary auditory experience and their consequences for sonic practice). The discussion then focuses on the specific application of autoethnographic research methods to the practice and the understanding of soundscape composition. Compositional strategies employed in two recent pieces by the author are considered in detail. The aim of this discussion is to link autoethnography to specific ideas about sound and listening, and to some tendencies in field recording, soundscape composition and studio production, while also providing context for the discussion of the author’s own practice and works. In drawing together this range of ideas, methods and work, sonic autoethnography is aligned with an emerging discourse around reflexive, embodied sound work.
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Valentina, Kardapoltseva. „Humanities in a technical institution of higher education (by the example of modern fiction)“. Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, Nr. 4 (25.06.2020): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-4-122-133.
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Introduction. Modern rapidly advancing society requires engineers to be active and creative when solving engineering problems, be able to overcome stereotypes being guided by the needs of growing and changing economic reality, which is due to the demands of times and essential condition of the 21st century engineer formation. Modern education should not only be significantly updated with the range of information technologies, but also be guided by the idea of the synthesis of scientific knowledge and humanities where fiction is of no small importance. Research aim is to integrate education and good breeding by means of fiction, form world view and need for personality rich in spirit, socially mobile with self-respect and able to fulfill personal abilities both in scientific and humanitarian directions. Methodology. Hermeneutical method has been applied to analyze fiction by various authors and to interpret such notions as plot, idea, problems, and imagery. Empirical method material has been the fiction of different countries important by research goal and some striking features identification and comprehension. Contextual method has made it possible to delve into the contents of the analyzed literature. Results. It has been proved that the world of fiction forms a citizen, a highly cultured person, promotes the development of heuristic thinking, aesthetic sense and ideals, extends the frontiers of engineering art and ISSN 0536-1028 «Известия вузов. Горный журнал», № 4, 2020 133 ensures new grad’s adaptation in the conditions of economy and market relations. Fiction also promotes the formation of the students’ need in personal growth and assertiveness as an independent creator and a particular personality
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Azios, Jamie H., Jack S. Damico und Nancye Roussel. „Communicative Accessibility in Aphasia: An Investigation of the Interactional Context of Long-Term Care Facilities“. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, Nr. 4 (21.11.2018): 1474–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0099.
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Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of persons with aphasia to access interaction and be included in social encounters in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). Method Four persons with aphasia were the focus of this investigation. A qualitative research approach using ethnographic methods was used to conduct participant observation, semistructured interviews, and artifact analysis. Expanded field notes from observations, transcribed interviews, and artifacts were then coded to identify patterns in the data. Results The interactional context of LTCFs negatively influenced the ability of persons with aphasia to communicate with others and develop meaningful relationships. Three major themes emerged from the data detailing the contextual elements leading to communication accessibility and inclusion: (a) lack of support, (b) social hierarchy, and (c) focus on performance. Conclusions Findings highlighted several barriers in LTCFs that worked to discourage persons with aphasia from living social and expressive lives. Specific obstacles included a misunderstanding of aphasia and its influence on communicative exchanges and performance-oriented environment that overlooked psychosocial needs. Speech-language pathologists have an important role for advocacy in LTCFs. Clinical implications for assessment and treatment in institutions are discussed.
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Barros, Claudia Renata dos Santos, Eliana Miura Zucchi, Lilia Blima Schraiber und Ivan França Junior. „Individual- and contextual-level factors associated with client-initiated HIV testing“. Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia 20, Nr. 3 (Juli 2017): 394–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-5497201700030004.
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ABSTRACT: Background: Knowing the reasons for seeking HIV testing is central for HIV prevention. Despite the availability of free HIV counseling and testing in Brazil, coverage remains lacking. Methods: Survey of 4,760 respondents from urban areas was analyzed. Individual-level variables included sociodemographic characteristics; sexual and reproductive health; HIV/AIDS treatment knowledge and beliefs; being personally acquainted with a person with HIV/AIDS; and holding discriminatory ideas about people living with HIV. Contextual-level variables included the Human Development Index (HDI) of the municipality; prevalence of HIV/AIDS; and availability of local HIV counseling and testing (CT) services. The dependent variable was client-initiated testing. Multilevel Poisson regression models with random intercepts were used to assess associated factors. Results: Common individual-level variables among men and women included being personally acquainted with a person with HIV/AIDS and age; whereas discordant variables included those related to sexual and reproductive health and experiencing sexual violence. Among contextual-level factors, availability of CT services was variable associated with client-initiated testing among women only. The contextual-level variable “HDI of the municipality” was associated with client-initiated testing among women. Conclusion: Thus, marked gender differences in HIV testing were found, with a lack of HIV testing among married women and heterosexual men, groups that do not spontaneously seek testing.
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Trischler, Jakob, Anita Zehrer und Jessica Westman. „A designerly way of analyzing the customer experience“. Journal of Services Marketing 32, Nr. 7 (08.10.2018): 805–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-04-2017-0138.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the usability of different design methods in understanding the customer experience from a contextual and systemic standpoint. Design/methodology/approach Three design methods (i.e. personas, observations and collaborative service mapping) were applied to analyze customer experiences in two service settings. These methods’ usability was compared across the two settings. Findings Personas, as informed by phenomenological interviews, provide insights into the customer’s broader lifeworld context. These insights assist in connecting with and understanding the customer experience from a dyadic customer-firm perspective. The involvement of the customer in service mapping activities supports the validation of findings and gives access to experience dimensions beyond the immediate service setting. Research limitations/implications The analysis is limited to three design methods and is based on small samples. Future research should systematically review design methods to provide a basis for a more comprehensive evaluation. Practical implications To successfully capture the contextual and systemic nature of the customer experience, managers should apply interpretive approaches and actively involve selected customers as “experts of their experiences”. The study provides guidelines on how design methods can be combined and applied to a more holistic customer experience analysis. Originality/value The paper shows that design methods, when applied in a combined form, can support an analysis that captures both in-depth insights into the customer’s lifeworld and the complexity of value constellations.
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Biryukova, Natalia. „Formation of the personal meanings of the study of mathematics among students of agricultural areas of training by means of contextual learning“. E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 05013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022205013.
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The article presents the results of a study of the influence of contextual teaching methods on the development of personal meanings of teaching university students. Since it is education that provides real opportunities for the development of citizens, their self-realization and demand in modern society, which is being formed today under the influence of the processes of informatization and intellectualization of all spheres of public life, the problem of the formation of value orientations, the meanings of learning is especially relevant. The aim of the research is to find ways and means of forming the personal meanings of students in the study of non-core subjects for their direction, in particular mathematics. The process of teaching mathematics is modeled, providing a semantic orientation of teaching. Three stages of meaning formation with the characteristics of their content are considered. The effectiveness of using a contextual approach to the process of teaching mathematics to students of agricultural areas of training is shown.
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Zhang, Xiaohu, Limin Mao, Peter Aggleton, Jun Zhang, Jun Jing, Jia Cui, Rui Zhao, Jiehui Ren und John de Wit. „Factors associated with women’s entry into the sex industry: findings from interviews conducted with female sex workers in Chinese detention centres“. Sexual Health 12, Nr. 6 (2015): 541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14009.
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Background: To date, limited research has been conducted to identify the personal and contextual factors that contribute to women’s entry into the sex industry in China. Methods: The reasons for and factors associated with voluntary entry into the sex industry were explored through in-depth interviews conducted with 38 Chinese women who were held in detention centres for selling sex. Results: Women’s personal accounts reveal that entry into sex work is influenced by life aspirations, family responsibilities and social connections, which facilitate mobility to a new urban environment in which they encounter opportunities and challenges. Findings highlight the complex interactions between individual and contextual factors in relation to women’s entry into sex work. Conclusions: In a rapidly developing country such as China, entry into sex work may appeal to women of low socioeconomic status, particularly young women who have recently migrated to urban areas. For members of this mobile and relatively disadvantaged population, comprehensive social services and support are urgently needed.