Dissertationen: „Consumer shopping behaviour“

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Hasslinger, Anders, Selma Hodzic, and Claudio Opazo. "Consumer Behaviour in Online Shopping." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4715.

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The Internet has developed into a new distribution channel and onlinetransactions are rapidly increasing. This has created a need to understand howthe consumer perceives online purchases.The purpose of this dissertation was to examine if there are any particularfactors that influence the online consumer. Primary data was collected througha survey that was conducted on students at the University of Kristianstad.Price, Trust and Convenience were identified as important factors. Price wasconsidered to be the most important factor for a majority of the students.Furthermore, three segments were identified, High Spenders, Price Easers andBargain Seekers. Through these segments we found a variation of the differentfactors importance and established implications for online book stores.

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Sehib, Khairia A. H. "Consumer food shopping behaviour in Libya." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2289.

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This thesis explores consumer food shopping behaviour in an emerging economy, taking the Libyan case as an example. As in many other emerging economies, Libya’s retail environment has been dominated for generations by traditional markets and small independent stores but has recently witnessed the spread of ‘modern’ formats such as supermarkets. The study draws on both qualitative and quantitative research. The qualitative research provided evidence of a complex picture, highlighting significant variations, from family to family and geographically, in the social acceptability of females shopping at traditional markets and other retail formats. In Libya, food shopping has traditionally been a task for male household members, with traditional markets regarded as inappropriate spaces for females. However the safer, cleaner, and less crowded environment offered by large supermarkets contributed to some women feeling more comfortable shopping for food and henceforth being able to shop as independent consumers. Traditional culture, rather than constraining the spread of supermarkets, may act as a facilitator of the growing popularity of supermarkets in Libya. The main quantitative research instrument was a self-administered questionnaire of Libyan food shoppers in Benghazi city. 371 completed questionnaires were obtained. Factor analysis revealed 12 factors that underlie the reasons consumers go shopping for food. The application of cluster analysis to the dimensions factor scores revealed six segments of food shoppers. The characteristics of each cluster were described by average factor scores on the dimensions of shopping motivations, demographic characteristics, and behavioural variables. The most important retail outlet attributes in the choice of where to buy food were, in descending order, food safety, quality of products, quality of service, speed of service, and variety of products. The findings also indicated that on all items supermarkets performed the best; except for freshness of products and in-store credit (traditional markets were perceived as superior on freshness of products and independent stores for in-store credit). Only for one attribute (car parking) were differences in the mean scores between supermarkets, traditional markets and independent stores not statistically significant. ii Econometric modelling considered the possible relationships between shopping behaviour and the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents. This confirmed a major finding of the qualitative research - that females were significantly less likely than males to visit traditional markets and spent proportionally more in supermarkets. Supermarket visitors were more concerned with social acceptability whereas, patrons of traditional markets placed greater emphasis on freshness. Heavy users of independent stores placed greater emphasis on in-store credit.

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Blomqvist, Anna, Louise Nyman, and Frida Lennartsson. "Consumer Attitudes Towards Online Grocery Shopping : A Research Conducted on Swedish Consumers." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-26652.

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Purpose: The aim of this research is to investigate if positive attitudes influence the intentions to purchase groceries online. In order fulfil the purpose and test the relationship between attitudes and intentions, the Theory of Planned Behaviour is used as the underlying theoretical model. Background: The e-commerce market in Sweden is regarded as one of the most developed e-commerce markets in Europe, however the grocery market is still striving for an online breakthrough. One of the largest obstacles for the online grocery market is the lack of consumer adoption. Previous research has emphasized the importance of understanding consumer attitudes and its influence on the consumers’ intention to adopt an e-commerce behaviour. Existing theories recognize a gap within positive attitudes’ and their influence on the intentions to adopt e-commerce. Method: An explanatory strategy and a deductive approach were applied in order to test the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Three hypotheses were developed based on the model. The empirical study was based on a quantitative approach and the data collection was made possible through an online survey targeted towards adults in Sweden. Furthermore the analysis of the data was done in SPSS through factor analysis, correlation matrix, descriptive variables and multi linear regression analysis, this provided answers for the hypotheses with a 95% confidence interval. Findings and conclusion: The analysed empirical findings presented overall positive attitudes, as well as a strong correlation between positive attitudes and intentions within online grocery shopping. This answers the research question and fulfils the purpose of examining the influence that positive attitudes have on intentions within the field of online grocery shopping. This research successfully tests the Theory of Planned Behaviour and suggestions for further research is to examine the underlying factors in a qualitative study.

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Al-Otaibi, O. S. "Shopping centre development and consumer behaviour in Kuwait." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234014.

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5

Uncles, M. D. "Models of consumer shopping behaviour in urban areas." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/653c145a-2ac7-49a9-bd65-3bd88de90217.

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6

Hewer, Paul A. "The sociology of consumer behaviour and men." Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10834/.

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7

Hogg, Margaret. "Conceptualizing and investigating patterns of consumer behaviour towards in-home shopping." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.560588.

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This research examines intermediate patterns of joint consumption whereby constellations, anti constellations and configurations are seen as representing patterns of consumption which lie between the traditional micro (product-centred) and macro (societal-centred) studies of consumption. A series of models are developed: of the relationship between individuals and consumption from a social psychological perspective of the formation of patterns of joint consumption and of the three forces which influence patterns of consumption: the symbolic-functional force (located in the product) the physiological-esteem-self-actualization force (located in individual needs) and the expressive-instrumental force (located in activities or behaviour). A two stage empirical study explores the content, structure and context of consumption patterns amongst mail order shoppers in the U.K. The quantitative stage involved the application of correspondence analysis to data extracted from the BMRBffGI database and the qualitative phase was a series of in-depth interviews with mail order industry marketing personnel. The findings confirmed the existence of three identifiable groups amongst mail order shoppers, with different intermediate patterns of joint consumption representing different sets of responses to the three forces which influence consumption and which had been modelled above. The research extends work on the grammar of consumption by developing a set of rules of combination for analyzing the structure and levels of joint consumption: constellations, anti constellations and configurations, which could be associated with the groups of mail order shoppers. The study concludes that products cohere around social roles and that interdependence exists at two levels, firstly, amongst the forces which influence consumption, and secondly, between consumption and the societal-cultural context. It was seen that functional and symbolic complementarities could be found in the intermediate patterns of joint consumption and that different combinatorial rules could be applied to the different levels of consumption patterns elicited for the various groups.

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Hibbert, Sally A. "Mood and motivation in shopping behaviour." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/2267.

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This thesis is concerned with the motivation of shopping behaviour. The main aim of the research is to examine internal factors that influence a person's motivation, with specific focus on how consumers' shopping goals and mood states prior to a retail encounter affect their in-store behaviour and the outcomes of the activity in terms of goal attainment and evaluations of the retail outlet. The conceptual basis for the research is provided by theories of goal-directed behaviour, which assume that people are purposive in their behaviour and that there is a synergistic relationship between cognition and motivation (Ratneshwar, 1995; Pervin, 1989). Two complementary perspectives on the motivational role of mood are linked into this conceptualisation: one that emphasises the role of associative cognitive networks and proposes that mood serves to regulate goal-directed behaviour by altering goal-relevant thought and perception (Gardner, 1985; Isen, 1984); the other that postulates that mood is a biopsychological phenomenon that registers the availability of personal resources given near-term demands and alters goal-relevant thought, perception, and motivation in accordance with this (Morris, forthcoming; Batson et al., 1992; Thayer, 1989). In order to examine the motivation of shopping behaviour, an investigation was carried out amongst visitors to craft fairs in Scotland. The research adopted a quantitative approach. The data collection was driven by five main research hypotheses and involved asking consumers to complete two parts of a questionnaire: the first part was filled in upon their arrival at the craft fair and the second part was completed just before their departure. In this way, data on the progression of goal-directed behaviour over the course of a shopping episode was captured. The main findings of the research were that: a) individuals' mood states prior to the retail encounter influenced consumers' levels of commitment to shopping goals, although the importance of mood state varied depending on the type of shopping goal in question; b) types of behaviour exhibited in the course of shopping were influenced by the types of goals that consumers identified to be important to them upon arriving at the craft fair and there was some evidence that individuals' mood states moderated the effects of their goals on their in-store behaviour; c) attainment of shopping goals was dependent on whether the relevant goals were specified as important prior to the retail encounter and in-store behaviour. Mixed evidence was obtained on the role of mood as a factor that moderates the effects of commitment to goals on attainment of goals. d) attainment of shopping goals was partly responsible for the change in a person's mood state between entering and leaving the craft fair; e) retail outcomes in terms of consumers' enjoyment of the retail encounter, their preference for and intentions to patronise the retail outlet in the future were influenced by consumers' evaluations of the extent to which they had attained their shopping goals and their mood state following the shopping episode. One of the main implications of the research is that a view of consumers as purposive in their shopping activities makes a useful contribution to the understanding of shopping behaviour and how repeat patronage can be encouraged. As far as retailers are concerned, there is a need to understand what goals consumers have in mind when they visit a store and how to facilitate behaviour directed towards the attainment of those goals in order that consumers evaluate the shopping activity as successful and leave with favourable impressions of the store. In addition, attempts to locate in an environment that helps to boost the resources that contribute to mood, rather than draining them, and to smooth the way for goal-directed shopping activities may also increase repeat patronage and ultimately customer loyalty to retailers.

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RIZWAN, RAFIQUE MUHAMMAD, and SAEED ARIAN MUHAMMAD USMAN. "Testing shopping experience and behavior for distant shopping by focus on communication between web shops and consumer." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20121.

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Planet earth is shrinking due to the virtual world. Internet applications all over the world have now made it necessary for the people to make internet a part of daily life. This advent is leaving its impression on all industries and especially the clothing industry. E-commerce is a business application of internet all over the world. The companies which are operating in apparel business are developing their web shops. In order to create loyal customers and meeting the consumer demand it is important to do necessary communication of the products with the consumers. Otherwise the products might be a surprise at the time of delivery to the consumers. Every consumer has his/ her own way of evaluating a product. So it is important for a web shop to address to every kind of consumer in order to meet the consumer demand and create more customers. The virtual world has its own complications and deviation from the usual world. So the thesis is focused on testing of shopping experience for an online purchase and to do the analysis of the communication between the web shop and the consumer. The studies are done on the basis of evaluation of feedback collection from consumers and information search of the various products online. The focus was more on the customers who do careful information search before doing a purchase and also some random customers who purchase a product without deep evaluation of the products. Traditional consumer behavior and the consumer behavior for online shopping were compared analytically and the results have been discussed in the end. Need for improvement in existing systems is the base for this thesis. Studies showed that the e-commerce systems are still unable to understand the new customer segment for online shopping and there is a great need of improvement in this area to get more customers. The results from this study are significant for the web shops which are operating the Scandinavian countries.

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Omar, Ogenyi Ejye. "Grocery shopping behaviour and retailers' own-label food brands." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306303.

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LEIDERMARK, SOFIA, and MIA MARECEK. "Consumer insight : a research of sportswear shopping." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Textilhögskolan, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20159.

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The report is an attempt to incorporate consumer insight in the female sportswear segment to figureout how it can be used in the clothing industry. The consumer insight methods are performed on anexperimental basis to get a perception of how it can be done and figure out how it differs fromtraditional market research. The research aims to clarify the important parameters on which buyingdecisions are made. The parameters will be based on price, function, fit, brand, design etc. Thereport is made in cooperation with the company Röhnisch sportswear.The consumer insight concept is a part of a consumer driven or consumer oriented businessapproach. The concept strives to find unconscious needs, the driving forces behind them and furtherput them in a context to solve a problem for the consumer. The aim is to satisfy consumers and atthe same time develop a competitive and successful business model. While traditional marketingresearch usually describe what is, a consumer insight approach aim to understand why.The methods used in this research are participative observations, in-depth interviews, gymobservations and market survey. The qualitative and quantitative methods have been compared anddiscussed. The relevance and the importance of the methods used are highlighted and prioritizinglists are estimated. The result shows a wide variety of shopping behaviours. Varied shoppingbehaviour can be seen depending on products. Essential parameters for an exercising garment are fitand design. The importance of other parameters is also discussed in the report. On one hand aselective, focused and deterministic approach is seen and on the other hand a more passive andopen attitude is observed. Feeling comfortable in terms of aesthetical aspects is essential to motivatethe exercising activity. Program: Magisterutbildning i Applied Textile Management

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Woodruffe-Burton, Helen. "'Retail therapy' : an investigation of compensatory consumption and shopping behaviour." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269810.

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Wood, Rachel. "Consumer sexualities : women and sex shopping." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/58504/.

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The thesis investigates contemporary sexual cultures through the lens of British women's experiences of buying and using sexual commodities. Sexual consumer culture offers women a comprehensive programme of what Foucault calls ‘technologies of the self': a language, set of knowledge, and field of expertise through which the sexual self learns to articulate itself in order to become intelligible. Consuming and using sexual products to achieve ‘better' sex and construct a knowledgeable and ‘confident' sexual identity form a key part of the neoliberal project of the sexual self. Sex shopping culture reproduces a ‘postfeminist sensibility' (Gill, 2007), representing a ‘double entanglement' (McRobbie, 2009) with feminism by inciting and requiring women to construct and perform their sexualities through a narrow depoliticised discourse of sexual ‘choice', ‘empowerment', and consumerism. The thesis draws upon data from 22 one-to-one semi-structured interviews and 7 accompanied shopping trips to sex shops. A central contention of the analysis is that women use a diverse range of discursive, embodied and everyday strategies in order to ‘make do' with the kinds of femininity and female sexuality that sex shop culture represents (de Certeau, 1998). The thesis investigates three key spheres of social and everyday life at which sexual consumer culture is negotiated: spaces (the location, layout and experience of sex shops); bodies (the forms of bodily ‘becoming' offered by wearing lingerie in sexual contexts); and objects (using sex toys and the enabling and disabling of possibilities for sexual pleasures and practices). Each section demonstrates the constraints, anxieties and potential pleasures of constructing sexual identities in and through neoliberal and postfeminist consumer culture, whilst at the same time exploring the potential for contradiction, negotiation and resistance evidenced in the multiple ways in which women take up the sexual identities and practices offered by sex shopping.

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Tse, Chun-wai. "The relation between the customer behaviour and shopping centre promotion a case study of Whampoa Garden /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31969252.

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15

Alamoudi, Hawazen. "How external and mediating factors affect consumer purchasing behaviour in online luxury shopping." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/5323.

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Recently, many studies have detailed how consumer perceptions and experiences affect attitudes and behaviours towards web service quality and e-satisfaction. Controversy arises when it comes to luxury brands. Luxury brands associate themselves with the concept of exclusivity and they position themselves in the market as such. But in online placement, how do they remain exclusive when information is accessible to everyone? Consumers of luxury products and services have varying opinions on the subject. Not all consumers are susceptible to online marketing and retailing. The perception of consumers is highly relevant when assigning the term ‘luxury’ to a brand. Therefore, a luxury brand has a certain personality and has an emotional and a creative appeal for the consumer. The aim of this research is to understand consumer attitude towards online luxury shopping websites before the purchase, during the purchase, and after the purchase. This study investigates the external factors that impact on consumer attitude toward purchasing online luxury shopping as a first step in the consumer online luxury shopping model. Further, it examines consumer attitude towards purchase life cycle, and the mediation role of consumer attitude between external factors and purchase intention. Moreover, this study investigates the relationships between different stages inside the purchase life cycle. This work is the first study focusing on the above aspects in a luxury context, the importance of which has been widely recognised in marketing literature but never explored empirically. Taking an exploratory approach, the study shows that in the case of brands in the premium luxury segment, external factors may have a positive influence on luxury perceptions, and more specifically on consumer attitude, which in turn may affect their intention to proceed to the online buying process. This study uses the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a theoretical grounding to study the adoption and evolution of a consumer online luxury shopping (COLS) model. A questionnaire was deployed online as a research instrument to collect the data from 313 online luxury consumers in the United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US). The data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with PLS software. Further analysis using multi group analysis (MGA) was conducted after the main analysis for comparison between country (UK and US), gender (Male and Female), and level of internet experience (Intermediate and Advanced). The empirical results from this study show that, among seven external factors that affect consumer attitude (perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived brand value, e-WOM, e-service quality, social network site usage and social media marketing activities), e-service quality has the strongest impact on consumer attitude toward purchasing online. However, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness and e-word of mouth were non-significant, while e-service quality, social network site usage, social media marketing activities, and perceived brand value were all significant, and positively impact on consumer attitude. Moreover, the rest of the relationships from the COLS findings were significantly positive. Finally, the findings of this study provide noteworthy theoretical insights in terms of development of the COLS from the theory of extended TAM, and the COLS highlights the importance of the external factors, consumer attitude, and purchase lifecycle as the key elements of online luxury shopping. Moreover, the COLS model has been tested using multi-group analysis in three sets (country, gender, and internet level of experience). Furthermore, these findings bring valuable marketing implications highlighted by this study, and covers before purchase, during purchase, and after purchase, which shows what is happening inside the entire buying process for online luxury shopping. Marketers might also note that adopting an online luxury shopping website and recognising what factors can affect buying externally or internally can improve business efficiency.

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Atorough, Peter. "Consumer behaviour in online shopping : understanding the role of regulatory focus." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/916.

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The behaviour of consumers on the Internet is increasingly a focus of marketing research. In particular, consumers’ behaviour in online shopping, from adoption motivation to post-usage behaviour, has become a major focus of research in the field of marketing, especially within consumer behaviour. Yet it has been acknowledged that while aspects such as adoption and usage motivation are now better understood, there are many questions that remain unanswered, and this warrants continued research effort. In line with the above, this research addresses an issue in online consumer behaviour that is currently under researched and which relates to the role that the consumer’s regulatory focus trait plays in their manifested behaviour in online shopping. The research argues that it is important to understand the role of regulatory focus in online shopping because this psychological trait has been shown to affect other aspects of human behaviour such as in response to advertising, dieting and sports. Drawing upon research from consumer behaviour and the wider fields of marketing and psychology, this research proposes a number of hypotheses relating the consumer’s regulatory focus to her perception of online shopping, motivation for online shopping, and actual usage behaviour in a structural manner. The resulting structural equation model is then tested using empirical data obtained from 306 Internet shoppers in the United Kingdom. The results of the research confirm that regulatory focus has an influence on consumer behaviour in online shopping by affecting their perception, motivation and usage of online shopping. The research makes a unique contribution by demonstrating that regulatory focus is a valid and robust predictor of online shopping behaviour and behavioural outcomes, a conclusion which is relevant to both marketing research and marketing practice. Finally, the research identifies and recommends areas for future studies.

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Trent, Miles John Wedderburn. "An exploratory study to identify the concerns that New Zealand consumers have about business-to-consumer e-commerce." Master's thesis, Lincoln University. Commerce Division, 2007. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20080407.122132/.

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To date much of the literature on consumers concerns about business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce has described findings from quantitative research. As a result, much of that literature has focused on specific previously-identified concerns (e.g., privacy of personal information, use of credit cards for on-line payment). Also, there has been little research into the concerns of New Zealand consumers, and all of it has been quantitative. In order to gain a broader understanding, this study took a qualitative approach. Three focus groups were conducted, in order to identify consumers concerns. The concerns that were thus identified were combined with those that a review of the literature had previously identified, and were used to draw up a set of guidelines to be used in semi-structured interviews. Fifteen interviews were then conducted, in order to gain consumers views about each concern. It seems that at a higher level, consumers concerns have shifted. The literature suggests that in the past consumers concerns about Internet shopping have focused on the fact that Internet shopping is conducted via the Internet as a result of which consumers have, for example, been concerned about the privacy of their personal information ('if I give them my e-mail address, will I get spam?') This study suggests that now consumers concerns focus on the fact that Internet shopping is a form of shopping as a result of which they are now only prepared to use the Web sites of 'reputable companies', and they now require to be able to evaluate an item adequately before buying it. And it seems that another result of this is that consumers now expect that the 'reputable companies' whose Web sites they visit will as a matter of course - address to their satisfaction issues such as the privacy of their personal information. While there are some types of products that consumers are prepared to buy on-line (e.g., air travel), there are many about which they are reluctant. Concerns were expressed about a wide range of potential purchases, and for a variety of reasons; also, some data was inconsistent (for example, some consumers were not prepared to buy clothes on-line, but others were). This appears to be an area in which consumer attitudes are still evolving. It is suggested that it may be helpful for further research on this matter to consider both demographic factors and the degree of consumer involvement in particular types of purchases.

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Eccles, Susan Alice. "Women and addictive consumption in the UK." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369464.

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Lewis, Anne Elizabeth. ""And how will you be paying today?" : the social construction of demand for payment methods." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/and-how-will-you-be-paying-todaythe-social-construction-of-demand-for-payment-methods(a523bdaa-dc3f-4aba-8edf-29ed7a2f38fb).html.

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Economists have long known that different cultures pay for goods and services in different ways. This thesis complements the economic research by identifying several elements of social construction for payment method demand in the UK, creating new knowledge in this under researched area. Further social and cultural influences on payment choice can be identified in future consumer behaviour research. As the full social construction of demand for payments is built, it will complete the economic research and more accurately predict future payment method demand. Smartphones, contactless cards and Bit coins may all contribute to a change in the way we pay, but without understanding why we choose a payment method it is impossible to really know. This thesis uses quantitative analysis of primary research to ascertain that there is a correlation between payment methods and shopping value, location of shopping, amount paid and goods/services purchased. The survey (n=676) also collects data on preferences to use cash by amount paid and goods purchased. As a by-product of this survey a correlation between shopping value and demographic segment (gender and ethnicity) is revealed. Factor analysis and structural equation modelling show that hedonic shoppers prefer tactile and exciting forms of payment (attributes associated with cash) and utilitarian shoppers prefer convenient, cost effective, speedy, rewarded and recorded forms of payment (attributes associated with card payments). The mean value for shoppers to switch from cash to cards is £35 but this varies with shopping value, payment preferences and demographic group. Shoppers also habitually buy certain goods with cash, one common factor being the avoidance of a record of their indulgences. This thesis demonstrates that shopping value and various subjective norms of behaviour influence our choice at the checkout, proving the principle that there is a social construction to the demand for payment methods.

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Nordfält, Jens. "Is consumer decision-making out of control? : non-conscious influences on consumer decision-making for fast moving consumer goods." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Centrum för Konsumentmarknadsföring (CCM), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-520.

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Most literature on consumer decision-making concentrate on which attributes a certain brand evokes, how a brand is evaluated, or how well a brand can stand the competition of another brand. This is a bit funny since one of the most obvious aspects of decision-making for fast moving consumer goods (FMCGs) is that most products are never considered. Recalling a typical trip to a grocery store one probably realizes that most of the products simply were given no conscious attention. Chances are that a consumer notices less than 1% (of the perhaps close to 10.000 items in a regular grocery store) enough to consider if the item is of any interest. Therefore, in the present thesis the focus is on the influences that enhance, inhibit, or affect the processing of brands, brand associations, ads, or decision criteria, prior to reaching the level of conscious decision-making. These influences are regarded as non-conscious filters, making consumer decision-making as simple and flexible as required by many situations. The filters allow consumers to notice what they search for or what they normally pay attention to, and to ignore complex, disturbing, or unfamiliar stimuli. The thesis consists of an introduction chapter and five articles. The introduction chapter provides a comprehensive picture of the common theme of the articles, namely non-conscious influences on decision-making. The articles cover non-conscious influences during each of the five steps commonly included in the consumer decision-making process. Examples of questions that are elaborated on are: Which criteria influence the degree to which people behave habitually versus respond to marketing stimuli? What is influencing the choice of decision strategy? For example, what influences people to be more loyal versus more deal prone? And what makes people learn something new from an ad instead of just rehearsing what they already new? One aim of the present thesis is to answer questions like the ones stated above. Furthermore, it is argued that these influences are active at a stage before what could be defined as full conscious control. Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 2005 S. 1-112: sammanfattning, s. 113-228, [5] s.: 5 uppsater

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Li, Junxiong. "Analysing and conceptualising mobile grocery shopping behaviour in the UK." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/34362.

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Mobile commerce is becoming an important component of modern business especially in the retail sector thanks to the fast diffusion of smartphones. This new shopping technique enables consumers to shop wherever and whenever they choose. It also helps retailers to grow their business in omni-channel – many major UK retailers including the “Big Four Grocers” (Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons) have adjusted their digital and category strategies in response to mobile customers. Despite the growing body of literature on mobile commerce, little research has been conducted to provide a comprehensive list of factors that affect the mobile grocery shoppers’ decision-making and their loyalty. In addition, some of the studies had issues relating to inappropriate sampling techniques, which led to unrepresentative findings. This thesis will explore the factors that drive consumers’ intention to use smartphones for grocery shopping, and to identify the key elements that drive consumer loyalty to the mobile grocery provider. Building on an extensive literature review, the key determinants of mobile commerce adoption were analysed with a consideration of issues around online grocery shopping, diffusion of innovation, and customer satisfaction. The key research methods and approaches were compared along with an analysis of the research methods used by the existing literatures, and concluded that a mixed-method approach was the most appropriate way to meet the aim and objectives of this study. Following the research design, the author undertook 32 interviews with shoppers from various backgrounds, 12 of which had previous experience of using a smartphone for grocery shopping. Content analysis was carried out to produce 13 themes relating to the mobile grocery shopping acceptance. Based on the result from the thematic analysis and existing literature, a questionnaire was designed and launched. Three hundred valid responses were collected, including 150 purchasers and 150 non-purchasers. Statistical techniques such as factor analysis and multiple-regression analysis were used to analyse the survey data. Results from the quantitative study suggested there were 7 factors affecting shoppers’ decision to use smartphones for grocery shopping, while purchaser and non-purchaser models showed a different pattern. In parallel, the study also identified factors affecting mobile grocery shopping satisfaction and customer loyalty. Drawing together these findings, the thesis helps grocers to understand their mobile channel customer in a wider angle. It also provides managerial applications to improve both customer experience and digital strategy.

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Opacic, Sofija. "The low-income consumer in Greater Reading : an analysis of constrained food shopping behaviour." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262097.

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This thesis is set within the general context of retailing geography. It discusses the salient structural and locational changes that have occurred within the post-war urban retailing environment, and attempts to assess their impact on the inner-city low-income consumer. The first part provides a review of the major findings of past studies of post-war retail change and consumer behaviour, and illustrates that a major deficiency of this literature is the tendency to briefly introduce, but inadequately consider, the implications of recent retail change on the low-income consumer. The essential problem which is addressed in the second part of the thesis is to assess the extent to which post-war retail change has affected the quantity and quality of inner-city shopping opportunities within the chosen study area, Greater Reading. This assessment is largely based on information obtained from surveys conducted by the author, namely a general retail inventory and detailed quality and price surveys. A comprehensive up-to-date description of the inner-city low-income consumer's food shopping behaviour does not exist within the present geographical literature. Accordingly, the third section specifically aims to provide a detailed description of this group's food shopping behaviour at a time of rapid retail change. A repertory grid survey was completed to identify the factors of importance to the low-income consumer, and these formed the focus of a major survey of consumer behaviour. The results of this research highlight both a number of salient similarities and differences amongst the low-income consumer population. The importance of ethnic status and age on the spatial and non-spatial aspects of food shopping behaviour are clearly evidenced. It is argued that such contrasts have major implications for the future planning of inner-city retailing opportunities. In the final part, positive directives for the planning of future inner-city food shopping facilities are discussed, which should help improve the low-income consumer's access to high quality opportunities. This is achieved by the reintroduction of relevant results obtained from the empirical research, and a detailed analysis of the present retail planning process via secondary sources of information including government policy notes and documents, structure plans and local newspapers.

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Clarke, Peter, and n/a. "Parental Gift Giving Behaviour at Christmas: An Exploratory Study." Griffith University. School of Marketing and Management, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040520.103119.

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Christmas is generally described as cultural, ritual and sociological phenomena of devotion, community and consumption. The topic of this dissertation concerns a specific stream of research within the general domain of consumer behaviour. The focal objective of this study is to develop a model and generate theory about parental gift giving behaviour at Christmas. My study is unique because it attempts to model parental gift giving at Christmas in a consumer behaviour context. Consumer behaviour theory suggests that parents seek information about possible gifts, set selection criteria for gift purchase, evaluate alternatives and buy the gifts for their children. Following this broad view of theory, parents respond to children's request behaviour, evaluate the suitability of any requests and purchase the approved or appropriate items as Christmas gifts. Children are encouraged to request any gifts that they desire, and these gift requests are often for specific brands. In general Christmas gifts are selected from children's products and brands and there is extensive debate and research relating to television advertising and children's request behaviour at Christmas. However, parents are not exposed to the same sources of advertising as their children and there is little evidence of research into the very important topics concerning motives, strategies, evaluations and the giving of brands that characterize parents' Christmas gift giving to their children. The significance of this dissertation resides in the development and presentation of a comprehensive model for the conceptualisation of parental gift giving at Christmas, based on antecedents to parents' social roles of gift giving and direct and indirect behavioural outcomes of those gift giving roles. Measures for each of these outcomes are developed and gender effects are also explored. The sample frame was described as a parent with at least one child between the ages of 3-8 years and a survey package was delivered to parents of children from participating schools and kindergartens. There were 2560 surveys distributed, with 450 individual responses representing a return rate of 17.6%. The 450 cases available for analysis were factor analysed and formed into composite and latent variables to facilitate statistical analysis via Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression, which is an appropriate procedure when the relationships are unknown or theoretical. The results of the research have two distinct streams. The first stream relates to the creation and validation of measurement constructs for the concept of Christmas spirit, parental gift giving, request communication, brand benefits and use of information sources, as well as involvement in giving gifts and involvement in giving brands as gifts. The second stream relates to the relationships between variables; the results support the relationships antecedent to the parents' social roles of gift giving. There is a significant relationship of Christmas spirit with involvement in giving gifts and with parental gift giving roles. A significant relationship also exists between involvement in giving gifts and parental gift giving roles. However, there is limited support for propositions related to outcomes of parental gift giving roles where there are significant relations between these roles and Christmas request communication, brand benefits and information sources. There is also a significant, indirect relationship between brand benefits and involvement in giving brands as gifts. As part of the second stream, gender differences were examined; the results show that mothers' Christmas spirit has no effect on their gift giving roles and gift giving roles have no significant effect on request communication and information source usage. On the other hand, the results show that the fathers' gift giving activities reflect the relationships outlined in the parental model. The study has academic implications for sociology and consumer behaviour disciplines and commercial implications for manufacturers, advertisers, brand owners and retailers. Further investigations will be necessary to incorporate other elements into the parental gift-giving model and to extend the theory toward a fuller understanding of the parental Christmas gift giving phenomena.

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Gränström, Danielle, and Johanna Atterström. "E-handel av livsmedel : En kvalitativ studie som undersöker hur e-service quality påverkar kundens köpbeteende." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-157608.

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Introduction: E-commerce has shown a large increase in the last years and constitutes a great portion of the market. This has led to a digital shift and more people choose to e-shop. This has affected the retail business, since there are new, more comfortable ways to buy your groceries. Furthermore, the food e-commerce differentiates from the general e-commence, since customers feel comfortable being able to smell, touch and see the groceries they are buying. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to achieve a higher and deeper knowledge of how the e-service quality affects the customers purchasing behavior in a digital food commence. Furthermore, the purpose is to identify notable factors within e-service quality which affects the customers purchasing behavior. Method: This is a qualitative study which has had an abductive approach. It is a combination between an inductive and a deductive attempt. The empirical material has been collected through six semi-structured interviews with Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Malhotra (2002) e-service quality dimensions for basis. Thereafter the empirical results were analyzed with the different steps of the buying process. Conclusion: Through this study, we noticed no significant difference between the interviewees which probably is a result of a high "internet habit". Thanks to the study, we were able to conclude that there are a number of distinct factors within the e-service quality dimensions that affects the customers purchasing behavior. Seeing that this is a subject going through constant development in contemporary with the digital evolution we find it useful to study, because the old barriers are replaced with new ones. Bakgrund: E-handel växer drastiskt och utgör idag en större del av marknaden. Detta har lett till ett digitalt skifte och fler väljer att e-handla. Det har sin påverkan på dagligvaruhandeln eftersom det finns nya och bekväma sätt att e-handla mat på. Vidare skiljer sig e-handel av livsmedel från den generella e-handeln, vilket kan förklaras genom att livsmedel blir problematiskt att uppfatta i onlinemiljö eftersom beröring, syn och lukt ofta krävs. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att få en ökad och djupare förståelse hur e-service quality påverkar kundernas köpbeteende inom digital mathandel. Vidare är syftet att identifiera märkbara faktorer inom e-service quality som påverkar kundens köpbeteende. Metod: Detta är en kvalitativ studie som har haft ett abduktivt angreppsätt, vilket är en kombination av en induktiv och deduktiv ansats. Det empiriska materialet har samlats in genom sex semi-strukturerade intervjuer med Zeithaml, Parasuraman & Malhotra (2002) e-service quality dimensioner som grund. Därefter analyserades det empiriska resultatet med köpprocessens olika steg. Slutsats: Genom studien kan vi se att det inte fanns några markanta skillnader bland de intervjuade personerna vilket vi tror kan bero på hög internetvana. Tack vare studien så kan vise att det finns ett flertal tydliga faktorer inom e-service quality dimensionerna som påverkar kundens köpprocess. Eftersom detta är ett ämne som ständigt uppdateras i samtid med den digitaliserade utvecklingen så är det nyttigt att studera just för att de gamla barriärerna ersätts av nya.

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Radaciova, Romana, and Alexandra Klacanova. "To try on or send back? Shopping in post-pandemic times : Exploratory study of pandemic effects on consumer behaviour." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184366.

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As the pandemic of COVID-19 is still affecting peoples’ lives in various ways, it is not surprising that it affects consumer behaviour as well. This paper focuses on the changes in consumer behaviour, more specifically on the changes in consumer shopping channel preferences due to the pandemic. Furthermore, it was of interest whether these changes are likely to be long-term, and influence consumer shopping behaviour in the corona-free future. To answer the research question: “How did the pandemic affect consumers’ preferred shopping channels, and are those changes long-term?” a qualitative study was conducted. The study consisted of ten interviews, five of which were with consumers who spent most of the pandemic in Sweden, and five with respondents who spent most of the pandemic in Slovakia. This way, the study compares the responses and thus changes in consumer shopping behaviour and channel preferences of consumers who have experienced different levels of restrictions and recommendations as a response to the pandemic. Indeed, Slovakia’s response to the corona pandemic was much more severe and included much more, longer-lasting, restrictions affecting/restricting consumer shopping. The study showed that despite the countries adopting very different responses to the pandemic, the consumers changed their shopping behaviour in a rather similar way. Most of the respondents stated that they started shopping less due to the pandemic and that they shopped more online. The main reasons for these developments were (1) reduced need for new clothing during the corona pandemic, (2) stores being closed, and/or (3) consumers trying to reduce their contact with others and keep their distance. However, when asked whether these changes in their behaviour are going to persist into the far future, the responses differed. A portion of respondents stated they will continue to shop online more than prior to the pandemic, while still shopping in traditional, offline, stores as well. Some other respondents, however, stated that they will return to in-store shopping as soon as possible. From these findings, it is clear that shopping for clothes via offline channels will still be important and preferred by many, despite the rise of technologies and online shopping possibilities. The study contributes to the literature on the corona pandemic and its effects on consumer behaviour, the field of consumer behaviour in general, consumer shopping channel preferences, channel switching intentions, omnichannel literature, and the online shopping literature.

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Du, Preez R. Ronel). "Female apparel shopping behaviour within a multi-cultural consumer society : variables, market segments, profiles and implications." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52271.

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Dissertation (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society is a complex phenomenon. This study set out to identify the variables that influence female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society and to determine whether distinct clusters of female apparel shoppers could be identified. Three theoretical models from the two study disciplines, Consumer Behaviour and Clothing and Textiles, were investigated, i.e. the Sproles Model of Fashion Adoption, the Engel-Blackwell-Miniard Model of Consumer Decision-Process Behaviour and De Klerk's Clothing Consumer Decision-making Model. These models were synthesised and developed further into a new conceptual theoretical model of variables influencing female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society. The Macro conceptual theoretical model presented the variables under market dominated variables, market and consumer interaction variables and consumer dominated variables. The scope of the study was delimited by the choice of two primary variables under each classification, for further investigation. The variables investigated were: the place of distribution, the apparel product, shopping orientation, patronage behaviour, socio-cultural influences (family, lifestyle and culture) and demographics. An overview of the South African apparel industry was provided and future trends in retailing were highlighted. Literature on shopping orientation as a variable was extensively studied, resulting in a proposed new classification system. Lifestyle and cultural consciousness, i.e. the individualist and collectivist orientation, and the impact thereof on female apparel shopping behaviour were investigated. Data for this exploratory study were generated by means of a store-intercept research method. A questionnaire was developed and trained fieldworkers undertook in-store interviews with approximately eight hundred female apparel shoppers representative of three population groups, African/black, coloured and white. The data analysis yielded acceptable questionnaire reliability and multivariate statistics showed shopping orientation and lifestyle to be multi-dimensional constructs with three components each. The three shopping orientation components were labelled shopping selfconfidence and enjoyment; credit-prone, brand-conscious and fashion innovator and local store patronage. A Yuppie lifestyle, apparel-orientated lifestyle and a traditional lifestyle were the three labels ascribed to the lifestyle components. Three clusters of female apparel shoppers were formed by means of cluster analysis, according to the three components of lifestyle and shopping orientation respectively, the two cultural consciousness scales and eleven patronage behaviour items. A demographic profile of each cluster completed the typology of the three female apparel shopper groups. Group one was the largest (49%) and was labelled Actualisers. Group two (28%) was labelled Strugglers and group three (22%) Aspirationals. The female apparel shopper could therefore be successfully segmented into distinct market segments with statistically significant differences in profiles. The profiles showed similarities to international and South African typology research. The results are presented in a conceptual model. The following main implications for manufacturers, marketers, retailers, researchers, educators and students can be stated: .:. Knowledge regarding consumers will be of paramount importance for survival in the competitive and more globally orientated 21st century . •:. The female apparel market is not homogeneous. Different groups of consumers require different types of products and will evaluate them differently. Modern technology such as CAD, EDI, QR and CIM should be implemented to assist stakeholders in this regard. Fashion changes rapidly and if the window of opportunity is not seized, it is lost . •:. Different advertising and marketing strategies are necessary to reach the various female apparel shopper groups. Special attention should be given to advertising approaches and media vehicles that will gain the attention of the various groups . •:. Electronic retailing and marketing will form a large part of future retailing and marketing activities. Stakeholders should be geared towards seizing these opportunities for growth. .:. Researchers, educators and students will benefit from the application of the Conceptual Theoretical Model - a Macro perspective. It could provide a conceptual framework for curriculum development, be used as an evaluation tool and assist in the understanding of the complexities of variables impacting on female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society. Recommendations for future research were made in order to encourage researchers to research the complex nature of female apparel shopping behaviour in a multi-cultural consumer society scientifically. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vroueklere aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap is 'n komplekse fenomeen. Hierdie studie poog om die veranderlikes wat vroueklere aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap beïnvloed, te identifiseer en om te bepaal of onderskeibare groepe vroulike verbruikers geïdentifiseer kan word. Drie teoretiese modelle vanuit die twee dissiplines, naamlik Verbruikersgedrag en Kleding en Tekstiele, is ondersoek, naamlik: die Sproles Model van Modeaanvaarding (Sproles Model of Fashion Adoption), die Engel-Blackwell-Miniard model van Verbruikersbesluitnemingsproses-gedrag (Engel-Blackwell-Miniard Model of Consumer Decision-Process Behaviour) asook De Klerk se Kledingverbruikerbesluitnemingsmodel. (De Klerk's Clothing Consumer Decision-making Model). Hierdie modelle is gesintetiseer en verder ontwikkel tot 'n nuwe konseptueie teoretiese model van veranderlikes wat vroueklere-aankoopgedrag in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap beïnvloed. Die Makro konseptueie teoretiese model orden veranderlikes onder mark-gedomineerde veranderlikes, mark- en verbruiker-interaksie-veranderlikes en verbruiker-gedomineerde veranderlikes. Die omvang van die studie is begrens deur die keuse van twee primêre veranderlikes onder elke groepering vir verdere studie. Die bestudeerde veranderlikes sluit die volgende in: plek van distribusie, die klereproduk, aankooporiëntasie, winkelvoorkeurgedrag, sosio-kulturele invloede (familie, lewenstyl en kultuur) asook demografie. 'n Oorsig van die Suid-Afrikaanse kledingindustrie word gegee en toekomstige tendense in die kleinhandel word uitgelig. Literatuur rakende aankooporiëntasie as veranderlike is breedvoerig bestudeer en resulteer in 'n nuwe klassifikasie stelsel. Lewenstyl en kulturele bewustheid, nl. die individualistiese versus kollektivistiese oriëntasie, en die impak daarvan op vroue se klere-aankoopgedrag is ondersoek. Data vir hierdie verkennende navorsing is verkry deur respondente in winkels te nader (store-intercept research method). Vir hierdie eksploratiewe studie is 'n vraelys ontwikkel en opgeleide veldwerkers het onderhoude (binne winkels) met ongeveer aghonderd vroue klereverbruikers, verteenwoordigend van drie populasie groepe, nl. Swart, Kleurling en Blank gevoer. Die data ontleding dui op aanvaarbare vraelys betroubaarheid. Die meervoudige veranderlike statistiek resultate toon aan dat aankooporiëntasie en lewenstyl multi-dimensionele konstrukte is, met onderskeidelik drie komponente elk. Die drie aankooporiëntasie komponente is benoem as aankoop selfvertroue en genot (shopping self-confidence and enjoyment); krediet geneigdheid, handelsmerk bewustheid sowel as mode innoveerder (credit prone, brand conscious and fashion innovator) en plaaslike winkelvoorkeur (local store patronage). Die Yuppie lewenstyl (Yuppie lifestyle); klere georienteerde lewenstyl (apparel orientated lifestyle) en tradisionele lewenstyl (traditional lifestyle) was die drie name wat aan die lewenstyle komponente toegeskryf is. Drie groepe vroulike klere aankopers is gevorm met behulp van trosanalise. Die trosanalise is gedoen op grond van die drie komponente van lewenstyl en aankooporiëntasie onderskeidelik, die twee kulturele bewustheid skale en die elf winkelvoorkeur gedrag items. Die tipering van die drie groepe is aangevul deur 'n demografiese profiel. Groep een was die grootste (49%) en is genoem Aktualiseerders (Actualisers). Groep twee (28%) is genoem Sukkelaars (StruggIers) en groep drie (22%) Aspireerders (Aspirationals). Die vroulike klere aankoper kon derhalwe suksesvol gesegmenteer word in duidelik onderskeibare segmente met statisties beduidende verskille in die profiele. Die profiele toon ooreenkomste met internasionale en Suid-Afrikaanse tipologie navorsing. konseptueie model. Die resultate word aangetoon in 'n Die volgende hoof implikasies vir vervaardigers, bemarkers, kleinhandelaars, navorsers, opvoedkundiges en studente kan gestel word: .:. Kennis rakende verbruikers sal krities wees vir oorlewing in die kompeterende en globaal georiënteerde 21ste eeu. •:. Die vroue klere mark is nie homogeen nie. Verskillende groepe verbruikers vereis verskillende tipes produkte en sal dit derhalwe verskillende evalueer. Moderne tegnologie soos rekenaar gesteunde ontwerp, elektroniese data interaksie, vinnige respons en rekenaar geintegreerde vervaardiging moet geïmplimenteer word ten einde alle belanghebbendes te ondersteun in hierdie verband. Mode verander vinnig en indien geleenthede nie aangegryp word nie, is dit verlore . •:. Verskillende bemarking en reklame strategieë is nodig ten einde die verskillende groepe vroue klere verbruikers te bereik. Spesifieke aandag moet geskenk word aan die advertensie aanslag en media voertuie wat die aandag van die onderskeie groepe sal trek . •:. Elektroniese kleinhandel en bemarking sal 'n groot komponent van die toekomstige kleinhandel en bemarkingsaktiwiteite beslaan. Belanghebbendes moet ingestel wees om hierdie geleenthede vir groei aan te gryp . •:. Navorsers, opvoeders en studente sal voordeel trek uit die toepassing van die Konseptueie Teoretiese Model - 'n Makro Perspektief. Hierdie model kan dien as 'n konseptueie raamwerk waarbinne kurrikulering kan plaasvind, asook aangewend word as evaluasie instrument. Die model kan ook hulp verleen ten einde die komplekse aard van die veranderlikes wat vroue klere aankoopgedrag beïnvloed in 'n multi-kulturele verbruikergemeenskap, te verstaan. Aanbevelings vir verdere navorsing word gemaak ten einde toekomstige navorsers aan te moedig om op 'n wetenskaplik verantwoordbare wyse die komplekse aard van vroueklere-aankoopgedrag binne 'n multi-kulturele verbruikersgemeenskap, na te vors.

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Safa, Jawid, Diana Al-Khameesi, and Johan Lindberg. "Consumer Behaviour and Corporate Social Responsibility : A study on grocery shopping during the COVID-19 pandemic." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54446.

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Reserach question: To what extent has consumer behaviour been influenced by supermarkets’ CSR responses to the COVID-19 pandemic? Purpose: To what extent the perceived importance of CSR responses by supermarkets to the COVID-19 pandemic has influenced consumer behaviour and what implications this have for the business-consumer relationship. Method: Quantitative study by collecting 137 responses from Swedish consumers. A deductive approach to theory development alongside a positivist and partially interpretivist philosophical position is utilized to explain the extent of change in consumer behaviour. Conclusions: The results of the study indicate that the perceived importance of CSR responses to the COVID-19 pandemic of supermarkets has influenced consumer behaviour which has implications for the business-consumer relationship. The authors also discovered that the effect of cause-fit CSR activities is particularly strong in the Swedish empirical context.

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Tse, Chun-wai, and 謝振渭. "The relation between the customer behaviour and shopping centre promotion: a case study of Whampoa Garden." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31969252.

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Mokhlis, Safiek. "The influence of religion on retail patronage behaviour in Malaysia." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/87.

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Although culture and subcultural norms have been subjected to increased scrutiny in recent years as explanatory constructs for various dimensions of consumer behaviours, religion as a subsystem of culture has received only slight attention in the marketing literature. The purpose of this study was to examine the religious influences on some selected aspects of consumer behaviour. Utilising consumer behaviour model of retail patronage as a framework, religious influences on the following aspects of consumer behaviour were examined: lifestyle, use of information source, shopping orientation, store attribute importance and store patronage. Consistent with previous research, religion was viewed from two different perspectives namely religious affiliation and religiosity. Religious affiliation is the adherence of individuals to a particular religious group while religiosity, or religious commitment, is the degree in which beliefs in specific religious values and ideals are espoused and practiced by an individual. Fieldwork for this study was carried out in Malaysia where the populace contains sizable percentages of adherents to four of the world’s leading religions, namely Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism and Christianity. The research data was collected by means of a survey through personal interviews with a structured questionnaire. Out of three hundred respondents targeted, two hundred and twenty-six questionnaires were deemed usable for statistical analysis. Statistical tests were calculated using statistical procedures of SPSS version 11.5. The main statistical techniques used include exploratory factor analysis, analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings indicated significant differences between religious affiliation groups in the areas of lifestyle, store attributes and store patronage. Significant differences between religiosity groups were also revealed in the areas of lifestyle, information source, shopping orientation and importance of store attributes. The usefulness of religious variables was further tested using multiple linear regression analysis with demographics and lifestyles were entered as extraneous variables. Results indicated that when the effect of other predictor variables were explicitly controlled (i.e. held constant) during the regression analysis, religious affiliation appeared to influence the perceived importance of store attributes. Intrapersonal religiosity, when controlling for the effect of other predictor variables, appeared to influence the use of information source, shopping orientation and perceived importance of store attributes. Similarly, interpersonal religiosity, when controlling for the effect of other predictor variables, was found to influence the use of information source, shopping orientation and importance of store attributes. Overall, findings indicated that consumer religiosity, as compared to religious affiliation, was more useful in predicting aspects of retail patronage activities. Thus it is suggested that religiosity variable should be given consideration in future patronage behaviour model building and research efforts. The implications of these results for theories of consumer behaviour along with the practical implications of the findings were discussed and opportunities for future research were provided.

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Trent, M. J. W. "An exploratory study to identify the concerns that New Zealand consumers have about business-to-consumer e-commerce." Diss., Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/427.

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To date much of the literature on consumers' concerns about business-to-consumer (B2C) e-commerce has described findings from quantitative research. As a result, much of that literature has focused on specific previously-identified concerns (e.g., privacy of personal information, use of credit cards for on-line payment). Also, there has been little research into the concerns of New Zealand consumers, and all of it has been quantitative. In order to gain a broader understanding, this study took a qualitative approach. Three focus groups were conducted, in order to identify consumers' concerns. The concerns that were thus identified were combined with those that a review of the literature had previously identified, and were used to draw up a set of guidelines to be used in semi-structured interviews. Fifteen interviews were then conducted, in order to gain consumers' views about each concern. It seems that at a higher level, consumer's concerns have shifted. The literature suggests that in the past consumers' concerns about Internet shopping have focused on the fact that Internet shopping is conducted via the Internet – as a result of which consumers have, for example, been concerned about the privacy of their personal information ('if I give them my e-mail address, will I get spam?') This study suggests that now consumers' concerns focus on the fact that Internet shopping is a form of shopping – as a result of which they are now only prepared to use the Web sites of 'reputable companies', and they now require to be able to evaluate an item adequately before buying it. And it seems that another result of this is that consumers now expect that the 'reputable companies' whose Web sites they visit will – as a matter of course - address to their satisfaction issues such as the privacy of their personal information. While there are some types of products that consumers are prepared to buy on-line (e.g., air travel), there are many about which they are reluctant. Concerns were expressed about a wide range of potential purchases, and for a variety of reasons; also, some data was inconsistent (for example, some consumers were not prepared to buy clothes on-line, but others were). This appears to be an area in which consumer attitudes are still evolving. It is suggested that it may be helpful for further research on this matter to consider both demographic factors and the degree of consumer involvement in particular types of purchases.

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Jayawardhena, Chanaka. "Investigating consumer behaviour and competitiveness in Internet service businesses : development of the mystery-shopping methodology in Internet banking services." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4200.

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Berthuy, Alice. "Consumer Behaviour Towards Online Shopping of Fashion from Foreign Countries for a Population Between 18 and 25 Years Old." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-262032.

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The booming of Internet has changed consumers habits in many aspects. Nowadays it is possible to buy almost anything on the Internet but also to access to some information, consumers reviews and other data that can help the consumer to make the best choice. Existing researches have been trying to find explanations to consumer behaviour online, even though it is complicated to analyse. This thesis is focused exclusively on shopping online for clothes and fashion accessories, investigating on a population between 18 and 25 years old. The hypotheses are based on four main aspects of buying: product, price, enjoyment and convenience. The research will provide elements and key factors on their consumer behaviour towards online shopping of fashion and how online companies could make them becoming more loyal to online shopping and become more prosperous.

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Cheung, Jenny. "Exploring consumers' experiential responses and shopping intentions toward visual user-generated content in online shopping environments." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-consumers-experiential-responses-and-shopping-intentions-toward-visual-usergenerated-content-in-online-shopping-environments(d1f610ba-418f-43b1-9e6a-68f43dc38ec0).html.

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The purpose of this study is to explore online consumers' experiential response towards visual user-generated content in online shopping environments for fashion online shopping. The Stimulus-Organism-Response (S-O-R) framework has been widely used in online shopping environment studies to examine the effect of website attributes on online shoppers' internal affective and cognitive states, and shopping behaviour (Kawaf and Tagg, 2012). Recent literature in the field proposes a more holistic approach towards online experiences (e.g., Pentina, Amialchuk, and Taylor, 2011) which is conceptualise to mediate the relationship between website attributes and behavioural responses. Consumer experiences are considered to be a critical concept in consumer behaviour and marketing for understanding consumers and to create competitive advantage in online retailing (Schmitt, 2010). Building on existing online shopping environment research, the study conceptualises online experiences for fashion online. This study seeks to investigate online consumers' experiential responses (aesthetics, relational, emotional, Flow experience and interactivity) towards two visual user-generated stimulus: (1) Looks - photographs of individuals modelling their own fashion, and (2) Outfits - digital collages displaying an assortment of products centred around a theme. They are both features which have been created by community members in an online social shopping community, ASOS Fashion Finder. The context of this study was exploratory and utilised a mixed methods approach where 13 photo-elicited interviews (PEI) with female online shoppers of ASOS, aged 18-34, were conducted to identify and understand consumers' online experiential responses and online shopping intentions towards the two visual stimulus. Using the same sample criteria, an online survey with 555 responses was also conducted to measure and test relationships between consumers' experiential responses and shopping intentions. The results of this study provides insight to the experiential states of fashion online consumers for online retail marketing, and contributes knowledge to research literature and theory on online shopping environments and customer experiences.

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Karlsson, Hanna. "Shop until you drop : En studie i konsumentbeteende och julmarknadens betydelse." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-74412.

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Syftet med denna uppsats är att genom intervjuer med tre medelålders kvinnor, ta del av deras upplevelser av Adventsmarknaden och friluftsmuséets Lilla Julmarknad i Gamla Linköping. Genom intervjuer och deltagande observation vid marknaderna undersöker jag på vilket sätt informanterna besöker en marknad och hur deras syn på shopping och service styr deras besök. Uppsatsen belyser hur de shoppar när de besöker en marknad, hur de ser på service och hur detta påverkar deras upplevelse. Slutsatsen av denna studie är kortfattat att de besöker marknaden, och shoppar på tre skilda sätt. De definierar och uppskattar service på olika sätt och handlar olika typer av varor. Vidare handlar det om hur tre kvinnor använder sig av marknaden för att passa in i en större gemenskap där julmarknaden är ett standardiserat val. The purpose of this paper is through interviews with three middle-aged women, learn about their experiences of the Christmas market in Old Linköping. Through interviews and participant observation at the markets, I examine how the informants visiting a market and how their approach to shopping and services guide their visits. The essay illustrates how they shop when they visit a market, how they look at the service and how this affects their experience. The conclusion of this study is briefly that they visit the market by different purposes, and buy things in three different ways. They define and appreciate service in different ways and buy different types of goods. Furthermore, it is about how three women use the market to fit into a larger community where the Christmas market is a standardized choice.

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Homola, Martin. "Mystery shopping - srovnání Sephora vs. Douglas." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-85926.

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A fight for customer is nowadays a typical sign of business. There is no doubt about an importance of a customer service. If a company doesn't dispose of quality in this point of view, a dissatisfied customer will use competitor's service in future. There is plenty of sellers, who don't master their roles. However, to measure the quality of service is difficult. One of methods that are used by a modern marketing, is mystery shopping. This instrument serves for an identification of imperfections in the process of service, where occurs a contact between the seller and the customer. It reveals a relief and a complete approach of staff to customers. Based on this there is a possibility to compare results with standards and norms of the company, but also with competitors, the market. Identification of the best and the worst parts is a possibility to improve the performance and the quality of service. A topic of my dissertation is usage of mystery shopping to compare the customer service in perfumeries Douglas and Sephora. The aim of the dissertation is to recommend steps concerning customer service to Douglas and Sephora based on results of mystery shopping. Partial aims are judging aspects as the importance of time of shopping, whether there is a difference between quality of customer service during week and on weekend, how much it's important if the customer is a man or a woman, or if the critical factor is customer's age. I will also try to prove that prices in common stores are noticeably higher than in e-shops.

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Berrio, Rueda Diana, Monsalve Angelica Echeverria, and Jaramillo Andres Hoyos. "Managerial practices and perception of how music affects customers’ shopping behaviour: an insight from clothing retailers :." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15196.

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Background Several researchers have studied atmospheric factors like crowding, col-ours, music and olfactory cues and tested their effect on shopping behav-iour. In the particular case of the influence of music in consumers‟ be-haviour, several notable observations have been made. Yet, the majority of the studies have focused on the phenomena of the music and the influences of its different factors towards consumers‟ be-haviour but little research has focused on managerial awareness of such effects on its consumers. Thus, there are still a lot of doubts about man-ager‟s practices and perception regarding the use and effects of atmos-pheric music. In line with the approaches mentioned above, this thesis intends to fill this gap in the literature through the attainment of two objectives: the first one is to study what exactly clothing retailers are doing in terms of atmospheric music and the second objective is to examine their implicit theories about the impact of the music on consumers‟ shopping behav-iour. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to study managerial practices and percep-tions of how music affects customers‟ shopping behaviour in clothing retailers in Sweden. Method This study employs a qualitative method. The Data was obtained through semi-structured face to face interviews with managers and staff of clothing retailers in Jönköping. These interviews were conducted in clothing stores located in the two main commercial areas of the city where the majority of the stores were located. Conclusions Our research found that in the big retailers the atmospheric music is used in a more systematically way than in the small ones. This level of sys-tematization is directly related to the level of centralization in decision-making and to the size of the store. On the other hand, with regards to our second objective we found thatnot only managers but also the salespersons working in the clothing stores have a high degree of knowledge about how music affects their customer´s shopping behavior. Some of their implicit theories coincided with what previous researchers have found while others didn´t.

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Fanoberova, Anna, and Hanna Kuczkowska. "Effects of source credibility and information quality on attitudes and purchase intentions of apparel products : A quantitative study of online shopping among consumers in Sweden." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-123550.

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Nowadays rapid development of information and communication technologies induced changes in many spheres of society. Digital media gives an access to diverse information sources ensuring vast available information. However, it became more difficult to evaluate credibility of these sources and quality of information provided by them. Issues of source credibility and information quality are particularly important in the context of online shopping. Consumers have to rely on information provided by online retailers and other sources in order to make a right purchase decision. The purpose of this master thesis is to examine effects of source credibility and information quality on attitude toward using the information source and purchase intention. Previous research investigated these effects only for one information source, thus, this study addresses this gap by exploring three online information sources: retailer source, eWOM source and neutral source. Furthermore, the theoretical framework is applied to the context of online apparel shopping, as no similar studies have beenconducted in this area before. We have formulated the following research question: What kind of effects do source credibility and information quality have on attitude toward using information source and purchase intention of apparel products? We used Theory of Reasoned Action and Information Adoption Model to develop a conceptual model. Data was collected from a sample of 180 respondents, who completed the online survey. Empirical findings demonstrate that factors of source credibility such as trustworthiness, expertise and attractiveness have positive effects on the attitude toward using eWOM source, while only trustworthiness and expertise positively affect the attitude toward using neutral source. For eWOM and neutral source relationships between factors of information quality and the attitude toward using the information source were found insignificant. On the contrary, for retailer source only factors ofinformation quality, accuracy and relevance, show positive effects on the attitude toward using retailer source. For all three sources attitudes toward using the information source and subjective norms positively affect purchase intentions. This work contributes to the existing knowledge by examining three online information sources in one study, which enables to discover differences in effects of source credibility and information quality on the attitude toward using the information source and purchase intention among sources. Furthermore, this paper provides recommendations for practitioners regarding improvement of perceived credibility and information quality ofeach information source in order to increase the number of consumers willing to use the source during information search.

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Cvach, Marek, Menal Sanna Kahsay, and Micaela Shamoun. "Privacy online: Exploring consumers’ evaluation of privacy issues in relation to personalised advertisement when buying online." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40054.

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Background The development of the Internet has changed the direction of advertising. Personalised advertising has emerged as the most effective and most profitable form of advertisement. Although personalised advertisement has been praised by many, privacy related concerns have been raised since it can be perceived as a violation of the consumer's privacy. Online shopping is another activity growing on the Internet, which also raises concerns about privacy. Therefore, we find it interesting to look on how personalised advertisement in relation to privacy issues can affect the consumer when buying online. Purpose The purpose of this thesis is to investigate how online shoppers respond to privacy issues and personalised advertising. The research will focus on the shoppers’ perspective of privacy issues with personalised advertising online. It will also provide companies with useful insights into customer behaviour when shopping online, with the intention of evaluating various forms of personalised advertisement and their effectiveness in order to strengthen companies’ online personalised marketing campaigns. Method As multiple explanations to one and the same research question are sought, the research will be conducted from an interpretivist standpoint. A qualitative research method has been chosen in the form of twelve semi-structured interviews with individuals who have been residents of Sweden for more than six months, with a wide range of ages and an equal representation of the male and female gender. The empirical findings will be analysed based on the grounded theory where common themes based on similarities will be presented. Conclusion It was concluded that the attitudes towards personalised advertisement, privacy issues and its effect on buying behaviour depends on where the advertisement comes from as well as from where the individual is shopping. Furthermore, it was also found that although privacy concerns were raised it did not prevent individuals from continuing to purchase online, only from what sites the purchasing was conducted.

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Damsjö, Evelina, Fanni Mattsson, and Amanda Olsson. "A global pandemic’s influence on consumer behaviour : A quantitative study on how the social constraints due to COVID-19 has affected the engagement in post-purchase behaviour." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104588.

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Since the COVID-19 outbreak, countless studies have been conducted about the pandemic regarding people's physical and mental health, but there is a significant gap on the persistent effects on consumer behaviour. Hence, this thesis aimed to investigate if there is a relationship between the social constraints as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and the potential increased engagement of post-purchase behaviour. The research focused exclusively on Swedish female millennials who are active social media users. The research used a deductive approach by formulating hypotheses based on already existing theories. The explanatory design was used when aiming to investigate a causal relationship between two variables, i.e., prior to the pandemic compared to today. Further, a quantitative strategy was used by collecting primary data through a questionnaire, which thereafter was analysed through SPSS, using the paired sample t-test. To target the desired sample a convenience sampling method was used which collected a total of 226 respondents, with 197 valid participants. The sample was collected through several Facebook groups, combined with the utilizing of the authors own social media channels. Since this study aimed to measure engagement, the key concepts were converted in the survey questions to more specific terms, by a modified existing scale. Indicators were established to be able to measure the engagement under controlled conditions. Furthermore, the results from the statistical tests resulted in a p-value to confirm or reject the null hypothesis, followed by a correlation coefficient value to determine the strength of the relationship. The empirical findings combined indicated significant evidence that because of the social constraints since the COVID-19 outbreak, there has been an increased engagement in the post-purchase behaviour on social media for Swedish female millennials. This was confirmed through a p-value of 0.000 in the t-tests for all seven hypotheses. Furthermore, all tests show correlation values between 0.449 and 0.617, which means that all the existing relationships are positive. This means that during the period when COVID-19 has been an active societal problem with all its effects, the new living conditions have entailed an increased involvement in post-purchase behaviour on social media for Swedish female millennials. If corporations take these changed behaviours in consideration and adapt the marketing strategy accordingly, it can contribute to increased sales as the credibility of the brand gets strengthened through the transparency that the customer base values.

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Wiese, Anne [Verfasser], Waldemar [Akademischer Betreuer] Toporowski, Stephan [Akademischer Betreuer] Zielke, and Gerhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Rübel. "Sustainability in Retailing – Environmental Effects of Transport Processes, Shopping Trips and Related Consumer Behaviour / Anne Wiese. Gutachter: Waldemar Toporowski ; Stephan Zielke ; Gerhard Rübel. Betreuer: Waldemar Toporowski." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1044769726/34.

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Folmerz, Ida, and Linnéa Fredriksson. "Barriärer till e-handel med lösplock av livsmedel ur ett konsumentperspektiv." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129734.

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Bakgrund E-handel av livsmedel är en av de e-handelsbranscher som växer starkast i Sverige just nu. Enligt Svensk Digital Handel förväntas e-handel av livsmedel omsätta 5,7 miljarder kronor år 2016, vilket innebär en ökning med 38 procent från föregående år. Den första satsningen på e-handel av livsmedel gjordes i början av 2000-talet, dock lade de flesta aktörer inom branschen i Sverige ned efter bara några år. Idag år 2016 är denna typ av bransch mer mogen än vad den var då, på grund av snabbare internetuppkopplingar och att fler har datorvana och även större vana att handla på internet. Dock stod livsmedelshandeln på internet för endast 1,5 procent av den totala livsmedelshandeln i Sverige år 2015. Trots att e-handeln av livsmedel ökar är det alltså fortfarande många konsumenter i Sverige som inte köper livsmedel på internet. Syfte Syftet med studien är att identifiera barriärer till att handla lösplock av livsmedel på internet för konsumenter i Sverige som inte tidigare har använt sig av konceptet. Som en del av syftet ingår även att identifiera eventuella likheter och skillnader för olika typer av hushåll genom att analysera om barriärerna varierar beroende på hur hushållens utformning och förutsättningar ser ut. Genomförande Studien utgår från ett konsumentperspektiv och med en abduktiv ansats och en kvalitativ strategi genomfördes intervjuer med tio hushåll. De hushåll som deltog i intervjuerna hade ännu inte e-handlat livsmedel och det som undersöktes var varför de inte anammat konceptet. Ett uppföljningsmoment genomfördes därefter där de intervjuade hushållen bads att testa att handla livsmedel på internet för att sedan svara på några korta frågor i en uppföljningsintervju. Sju av hushållen medverkade i uppföljningsmomentet. För att sätta resultatet från de intervjuade hushållen i perspektiv och för att skapa bredd i studien genomfördes även en enkätundersökning där 154 respondenter deltog. Slutsats 38 barriärer till e-handel av livsmedel identifierades. Dessa barriärer har grupperats i följande kategorier: vana, sättet de handlar livsmedel på, att inget problem uppstår, personlighet, okunskap, fördelar med fysiska livsmedelsbutiker, negativa aspekter eller antaganden som de har till e-handel av livsmedel, att de inte har möjlighet samt att de är skeptiska. Alla barriärer som går under dessa kategorier presenteras i studien. Inga mönster som identifierar att barriärerna varierar beroende på hur hushållens utformning och förutsättningar ser ut kunde hittas. Att flera olika hushållstyper studerades kan dock tänkas ha bidragit till att många olika barriärer kunde identifieras. Background Grocery e-commerce is one of the e-commerce sectors with the strongest growth in Sweden right now. According to Svensk Digital Handel, the expected turnover for grocery e-commerce in 2016 is 5,7 billion SEK, which is equal to an increase of 38 percent compared to the previous year. The initial investment in the grocery e-commerce industry was made around year 2000, however, most of the businesses in Sweden was shut down after only a few years. Today, this type of industry is more mature than it was at that time because of faster internet connections and that more people are used to using computers and shopping on the internet. But still the grocery e-commerce is responsible for only 1.5 percent of the total turnover in the grocery industry in Sweden in 2015. Despite the fact that the use of grocery e-commerce increases, there are still many Swedes who are not using the internet for buying groceries. Aim The study aims to identify barriers to buy groceries online for consumers in Sweden who have not previously used the concept. A part of the aim is also to identify possible similarities and differences of the different types of households by analysing if the barriers vary depending on the type of household. Completion The study is using a consumer perspective, and with an abductive and qualitative approach ten interviews was conducted. The households that participated in the interviews had not yet tried grocery shopping online and we examined why they did not yet adopt the concept. After the interviews all the households were asked to try the grocery e-commerce concept, of which seven of them took part. Those were asked a few questions in a follow-up interview. To put the results of the interviews of the households in perspective, and to broaden the study, a survey was also carried out, were 154 respondents participated. Conclusion 38 barriers to grocery e-commerce were identified. The barriers have been categorised info following categories: habit, the way they are buying groceries, there is no problem existing, personality, ignorance, that they prefer traditional grocery stores, negative aspects or assumptions about grocery e-commerce, that they do not have the opportunity and they are sceptical. All the barriers in these categories are presented in the study. No patterns that identifies that the barriers vary depending on the type of household could be found. That different household types were studied could however have contributed to the fact that many different types of barriers could be identified.

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Sanchez, Marissa R. "A Comparison of Mall Shopping Behavior Between Hispanic-Americans and Anglo-Americans." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2002. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3213/.

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The population percentage, population growth, buying power, and geographic concentration of Hispanic-Americans in the United States is causing marketers and retailers to carefully examine this market segment. Through a better understanding of Hispanic-American consumers, marketers and retailers will be more capable of meeting their wants and needs. Tailoring marketing promotions and strategies can help a company more effectively reach the Hispanic-American market. This study compared Hispanic-Americans and Anglo-Americans in their general shopping characteristics, responses to excitement in the mall, consumption patterns, and repatronage intention. A total of seven hypotheses were developed, all of which were either supported or partially supported.

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Martin, Elizabeth Stewart. "The influence of children on family purchasing : capturing children's voices." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2006. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=166194.

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Coupled with the outcome focus, although the important role of children within family purchasing has been acknowledged, many researchers have neglected to include children directly as respondents. Taken together, these conceptual and methodological issues highlighted the need for in-depth qualitative research exploring family purchasing. The research aimed to explore the nature of child influence in terms of children’s role within the family purchase process, the influence behaviour adopted by children, and their role in aspects of the purchase process such as communications. The methods adopted included the collection of bibliographic data, an in-depth interview with parents and children separately, and the completion of a decision mapping tool, followed by a family interview. The research revealed a number of important findings. An overarching theme concerned the complexity of family purchase decision making. There were multiple patterns of decision making found which reflect the numerous factors that impact on and influence this important purchasing unit. Critically, factors other than product were seen to have a key impact on child influence. The children in all of the respondent families were found to have direct influence over the purchases discussed. Rather than living up to the ‘pester power’ stereotype commonly portrayed in the media, the children demonstrated a range of sophisticated behaviours, underpinned by the use of knowledge and information. The children also played an active role within family purchase communication.

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Zhao, Dan. "The Chinese Consumer Shopping Behavior on Taobao." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179382.

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Kumar, Shefali. "Consumers' Behavioral Intentions Regarding Online Shopping." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2634/.

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This study investigates the consumers' intention towards Internet shopping. The Theory of Planned Behavior is used to predict behavioral intention (BI), which is a function of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control (PBC). The effects of demographic and personal variables on BI are also examined. Data analysis (n = 303) indicates that attitude, subjective norm, perceptions of behavioral controls, and previous purchases are significant predictors of behavioral intention. Product/Convenience, Customer Service (attitude factors), Purchase and Delivery, Promotional Offers, Product Attribute (factors of PBC), subjective norm, hours spent online, money spent online, and previous purchases discriminate respondents of high BI from low BI. Behavioral intention of shopping online is highest for Specialty Products followed by Personal, Information Intensive, and Household Products.

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Jeon, Sua. "The Effect of Consumer Shopping Motivations on Online Auction Behaviors: An Investigation of Searching, Bidding, Purchasing, and Selling." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5366/.

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The purposes of the study were to: 1) identify the underlying dimensions of consumer shopping motivations and attitudes toward online auction behaviors; 2) examine the relationships between shopping motivations and online auction behaviors; and 3) examine the relationships between shopping attitudes and online auction behaviors. Students (N = 341) enrolled at the University of North Texas completed self-administered questionnaires measuring shopping motivations, attitudes, online auction behaviors, and demographic characteristics. Using multiple regression analyses to test the hypothesized relationships, shopping motivations and shopping attitudes were significantly related to online auction behaviors. Understanding the relationships is beneficial for companies that seek to retain customers and increase their sales through online auction.

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Rossi, Audrey Laëtitia. "Generation Y online shopping behaviors and habits." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2302.

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Online marketing opportunites regarding the teenage market are often underestimated due to the fact that the general information to date is neither particular, specific nor exact. Therefore, this project aims at giving guidelines for webmarketers willing to capture the "consumers of tomorrow".

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Brits, Corné. "The influence of designer paper shopping bags on consumer interest and their shopping experience." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/178.

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Thesis (M. Tech. (Graphic Design)) -- Central University of Technology, free State, 2010 Good package design entails employing appropriate yet attractive graphic attributes such as colour, typography and images with which the consumer can engage. Even the name of a colour plays a considerable part in the success of a new product or brand. Consumers use graphic attributes to associate different products with different income groups, to infer the weight of products and even use it as an indicator of the perceived change in temperature resulting from the use of certain products. Consumers develop colour preferences based on associations they have formed through experience which are influenced by factors such as age, gender, culture and demographics. Colour may also affect consumers’ respond to a product and may even have an effect on their emotional state. In order for consumers to involve themselves with store brands more readily, packaging has to be updated constantly to keep packaging fresh and exciting. A shopping bag, transformed with graphic attributes into a designer shopping bag, can, just as good packaging often does, contribute to the art and science of selling a product or promoting a brand. Consumers prefer designer paper shopping bags with attractive appearances and showed a willingness to even pay for the paper bags. This study determined if consumers will actually purchase a designer paper shopping bag as opposed to just indicate a willingness to do so. Semistructured interviews with 100 subjects provived insight into consumers’ perception of the designer paper shopping bag sold at a store selling higher priced items. Designer paper shopping bags were offered to consumers for sale. Two retail stores in Bloemfontein, South Africa, participated in the study. Consumers could choose whether to buy a designer paper shopping bag or to make use of the plastic bags provided by each of the stores. Consumers prefered to rather purchase a designer paper shopping bag sold at a well-known store, selling branded, higher priced items than purchase one from a store that sells lower priced items of which the brand names are unknown to them. Consumers are more likely to pay for a designer paper shopping bag when the amount spent by them in store is relatively high. It is recommended to introduce new packaging items via marketing strategies such as “buy one get one free” and to not test a new packaging item during a recession as consumers then tend to spend less than usual. Interviewees agree that the colour scheme of the designer paper shopping bag used in the study associate well with the clothes and accessories sold in the store. Subjects suggested a few general ideas, but agree that the illustrations used on the paper shopping bag are appropriate. The majority of the interviewees state that they can read all the typography easily and that they will feel confident when carrying the designer paper shopping bag.

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Amaro, Suzanne Fonseca. "Determinants of online travel purchase intentions: a holistic approach." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/12479.

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Doutoramento em Marketing e Estratégia Online travel shopping has attracted researchers due to its significant growth and there is a growing body of literature in this field. However, research on what drives consumers to purchase travel online has typically been fragmented. In fact, existing studies have largely concentrated on examining consumers’ online travel purchases either grounded on Davis’s Technology Acceptance Model, on the Theory of Reasoned Action and its extension, the Theory of Planned Behaviour or on Roger’s model of perceived innovation attributes, the Innovation Diffusion Theory. A thorough literature review has revealed that there is a lack of studies that integrate all theories to better understand online travel shopping. Therefore, based on relevant literature in tourism and consumer behaviour, this study proposes and tests an integrated model to explore which factors affect intentions to purchase travel online. Furthermore, it proposes a new construct, termed social media involvement, defined as a person’s level of interest or emotional attachment with social media, and examines its relationship with intentions to purchase travel online. To test the 18 hypotheses, a quantitative approach was followed by first collecting data through an online survey. With a sample of 1,532 Worldwide Internet users, Partial Least Squares analysis was than conducted to assess the validity and reliability of the data and empirically test the hypothesized relationships between the constructs. The results indicate that intentions to purchase travel online is mostly determined by attitude towards online shopping, which is influenced by perceived relative advantages of online travel shopping and trust in online travel shopping. In addition, the findings indicate that the second most important predictor of intentions to purchase travel online is compatibility, an attribute from the Innovation Diffusion Theory. Furthermore, even though online shopping is nowadays a common practice, perceived risk continues to negatively affect intentions to purchase travel online. The most surprising finding of this study was that Internet users more involved with social media for travel purposes did not have higher intentions to purchase travel online. The theoretical contributions of this study and the practical implications are discussed and future research directions are detailed. A compra de viagens online tem atraído investigadores dado o seu significativo crescimento e existe uma crescente literatura nesta área de investigação. Contudo, estudos sobre o que motiva consumidores a comprar online têm sido fragmentados. De facto, os estudos existentes em grande parte baseiam-se no Modelo de Aceitação de Tecnologia de Davis, no Teoria da Ação Refletida, na Teoria do Comportamento Planeado ou na Teoria de Difusão de Inovações de Roger. Uma extensa revisão da literatura permitiu revelar que há uma falta de estudos que integram todas as teorias para a melhor compreensão da compra de viagens online. Deste modo, baseado em literatura relevante na área de Turismo e de comportamento do consumidor, este estudo propõe e testa empiricamente um modelo integrado para explorar quais os fatores que afetam a intenção de comprar viagens online. Mais, propõe um novo constructo, designado de envolvimento com social media, definido como o nível de interesse ou ligação emocional com social media, examinando a sua relação com a intenção de compra de viagens online. Foi utilizada uma abordagem quantitativa para testar as 18 hipóteses, recolhendo dados através de um questionário disponível online. Com uma amostra de 1532 utilizadores mundiais de Internet, o método de Partial Least Squares foi utilizado para verificar a validade e fiabilidade dos dados e testar as relações formuladas entre os constructos. Os resultados indicam que as intenções de comprar viagens online são maioritariamente determinadas pela atitude em relação à compra de viagens online, que por sua vez é influenciada pelas vantagens relativas percebidas e pela confiança na compra de viagens online. Os resultados também revelam que o segundo preditor mais importante das intenções de comprar viagens online é a compatibilidade, um atributo da Teoria de Difusão de Inovações. Por outro lado, apesar de a compra de viagens online ser atualmente uma prática comum, o risco percebido continua a afetar negativamente a intenção de comprar viagens online. Um dos resultados mais surpreendentes deste estudo foi que utilizadores de Internet mais envolvidos com social media relacionados com viagens não tinham maiores intenções de comprar viagens online. As contribuições teóricas deste estudo e as implicações práticas são discutidas e linhas de investigação futura são apontadas.

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Yan, Ping. "SPATIAL-TEMPORAL DATA ANALYTICS AND CONSUMER SHOPPING BEHAVIOR MODELING." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195232.

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RFID technologies are being recently adopted in the retail space tracking consumer in-store movements. The RFID-collected data are location sensitive and constantly updated as a consumer moves inside a store. By capturing the entire shopping process including the movement path rather than analyzing merely the shopping basket at check-out, the RFID-collected data provide unique and exciting opportunities to study consumer purchase behavior and thus lead to actionable marketing applications.This dissertation research focuses on (a) advancing the representation and management of the RFID-collected shopping path data; (b) analyzing, modeling and predicting customer shopping activities with a spatial pattern discovery approach and a dynamic probabilistic modeling based methodology to enable advanced spatial business intelligence. The spatial pattern discovery approach identifies similar consumers based on a similarity metric between consumer shopping paths. The direct applications of this approach include a novel consumer segmentation methodology and an in-store real-time product recommendation algorithm. A hierarchical decision-theoretic model based on dynamic Bayesian networks (DBN) is developed to model consumer in-store shopping activities. This model can be used to predict a shopper's purchase goal in real time, infer her shopping actions, and estimate the exact product she is viewing at a time. We develop an approximate inference algorithm based on particle filters and a learning procedure based on the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm to perform filtering and prediction for the network model. The developed models are tested on a real RFID-collected shopping trip dataset with promising results in terms of prediction accuracies of consumer purchase interests.This dissertation contributes to the marketing and information systems literature in several areas. First, it provides empirical insights about the correlation between spatial movement patterns and consumer purchase interests. Such correlation is demonstrated with in-store shopping data, but can be generalized to other marketing contexts such as store visit decisions by consumers and location and category management decisions by a retailer. Second, our study shows the possibility of utilizing consumer in-store movement to predict consumer purchase. The predictive models we developed have the potential to become the base of an intelligent shopping environment where store managers customize marketing efforts to provide location-aware recommendations to consumers as they travel through the store.

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