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Sihotang, Veronika, Widati Wulandari und Erika Magdalena Chandra. „THE ADEQUACY OF THE EVIDENCE IN THE CASE OF EVIL CONSPIRACY OF NARCOTICS CRIMINAL REVIEWED BY EVIDENTIARY THEORY“. Yustisia Jurnal Hukum 9, Nr. 3 (31.12.2020): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v9i3.42640.
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<em><span lang="EN-ID">Narcotics crime has been considered as a global crime and big issues in attempt to prevent and also by eradicate it. It's not only happens in Indonesia but also for other countries. Narcotics crime in most cases involves more than one person, who cooperates in narcotics crime. One of the criminal act involve more than one person is a conspiracy of narcotics crime. The involvement in the conspiracy is shown by two or more people agree to do narcotics crime. Admissible evidence in conspiracy of narcotics crime becomes the important issue in some of conspiracy's cases. This study used the method of judicial normative approach to review and examine the primary data such as judge's Decision and the secondary data such as related law. The purpose of this study is to know and understand whether the absence of evidence to support the defendant's denial can be the basis to proof personal's guilt and to understand how the quality of the witness testimony can be the basis of criminal conviction.</span></em>
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Silalahi, Udin, und Priskilla Chrysentia. „Tender Conspiracy Under KPPU Decision and Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices Act“. Sriwijaya Law Review 4, Nr. 1 (31.01.2020): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/slrev.vol4.iss2.347.pp91-108.
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Tender conspiracy is one of the anti-competition acts prohibited under Article 22 Law No. 5 of 1999 on Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition. As one of the violations which are almost always injurious, tender conspiracy is only regulated by a rule of reasonable approach giving an interpretation room of the consequences of the violation. The tender conspiracy is also proven conducted by reported parties in the case that it had been decided by KPPU, such as in the KPPU Decision Number 06/KPPU-L/2015. The questions arising in connection with the rampant practices of tender conspiracy are how they regulate in the applicable law and how KPPU decides on the practice of tender conspiracy in the case concerned with the law. The aim is to examine the causes of the rampant practice of tender conspiracy in relation to the regulations governing it, as well as to review the KPPU's decision on real tender conspiracy case. For this reason, this research is normative legal research with qualitative analysis techniques on secondary data and uses the statute approach, and case approaches. The results of the study indicate that Article 22 is not sufficient yet to regulate the prohibition of tender conspiracy and often leads to multi-interpretation. the KPPU decided that there is a horizontal conspiracy among defendantsindetermining of the tender winner
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Annovi, Claudia. „Exploring Conspiracist Populism in Power: The Case of Kais Saied in Tunisia“. Genealogy 8, Nr. 2 (16.04.2024): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy8020043.
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The aim of this paper is to conduct a literature review of the existing nexus between conspiracy theories and populist politics. Most of the literature considering the political nature of conspiracy theories has focused mainly on individual action and electoral choices, hence setting aside the agency of political leaders that deliberately resort to these tales to mobilise supporters. On the contrary, conspiracy theories are increasingly moving away from extremist politics to enter the institutional political arena and become part and parcel of the political narratives and strategies of institutional figures. Against this backdrop, the present work offers a new approach to investigate the connection between populist conspiracy theories and conspiracist populism and attempts to explain how conspiracist populism works and what its potential impact on contemporary democracies is. The analysis of the literature offers some theoretical insights to explore the specific case of the presidency of Kais Saied in Tunisia, which has been labelled as a form of constitutional populism integrating conspiracy theories. The inquiry on the Tunisian case demonstrates that conspiracy theories can represent both tactics and framings for populists in power, and, if democratic checks and balances are weak enough, they can lead to the erosion of democracy itself.
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Loeb, Josh. „Conspiracy case vet plans to appeal“. Veterinary Record 192, Nr. 2 (Januar 2023): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vetr.2646.
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Çaylı, Eray. „Conspiracy theory as spatial practice: The case of the Sivas arson attack, Turkey“. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 36, Nr. 2 (22.11.2017): 255–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0263775817742917.
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This article discusses the relationship between conspiratorial thinking and physical space by focusing on the ways conspiracy theories regarding political violence shape and are shaped by the environments in which it is commemorated. Conspiratorial thinking features space as a significant element, but is taken to do so mainly figuratively. In blaming external powers and foreign actors for social ills, conspiracy theorists employ the spatial metaphor of inside versus outside. In perceiving discourses of transparency as the concealment rather than revelation of mechanisms of governance, conspiracy theorists engage the trope of a façade separating the space of power’s formulations from that of its operations. Studying the case of an arson attack dating from 1990s Turkey and its recent commemorations, this article argues that space mediates conspiracy theory not just figuratively but also physically and as such serves to catalyze two of its deadliest characteristics: anonymity and non-linear causality. Attending to this mediation requires a shift of focus from what conspiracy theory is to what it does as a spatial practice.
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김승태. „The Korean Conspiracy Case and Protestant Missionaries: A Study on the Missionaries' Responses to the Conspiracy Case“. Christianity and History in Korea ll, Nr. 36 (März 2012): 5–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18021/chk..36.201203.5.
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Young, Helen, und Geoff Boucher. „Authoritarian Politics and Conspiracy Fictions: The Case of QAnon“. Humanities 11, Nr. 3 (16.05.2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11030061.
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The hypothesis of this article is that, for its adherents, QAnon is truthful, rather than true; that is, it captures their perception of the way things typically happen, rather than picturing what really has happened—and it does this in a way that seems more vivid and complete than actual experience. Why that is the case can be explained in terms of the peculiar nature of fictional representations, combined with the capacity of imaginary worlds, to symbolize real-world concerns in ways that resonate with prejudices and preconceptions but escape direct censure. After reviewing the literature on the conspiracy movement, we argue for QAnon as a conspiracy story, rather than a conspiracy theory, and interpret that story as “structured like a fantasy”, giving imaginative expression to a set of social feelings and normative grievances that would otherwise not dare speak their own names. We conclude that QAnon is an authoritarian fiction centered on anti-Semitic conspiracy beliefs that disturbingly reprise key themes of fascism, but that it presents this within the symbolic disguise of a fantasy scenario that is calculated to attract alienated white, middle-class and working-class, individuals. This argument helps explicate adherents’ resistance to the falsification of Q claims and predictions.
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Affendy, Albert Ben, Arbina Florenchia, Dinda Evita und Ella Lirpa Simaremare. „BUSINESS COMPETITION IN IMPLEMENTATION GOVERNMENT TENDER“. Legal Standing : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 4, Nr. 2 (10.09.2020): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24269/ls.v4i2.2896.
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The Business Competition Supervisory Commission (KPPU) has the authority to examine and decide on alleged violations of business competition in tenders under Law No. 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices. The results of the study of Case Verdict Number: 34 / KPPU-L / 2009 are that there are several facts that business actors have violated Article 22 of Law Number 5 of 1999 that fulfills elements of conspiracy, the form of conspiracy is vertical collusion and conspiracy horizontal. In Case Decision Number 34 / KPPU-L / 2009 it is shown that a violation of business competition has Elements that can determine that there is an unfair business practice, in this case it is stated that Reported I, Reported II, Reported III, Reported IV, Reported V, Reported VI was proven to have been legally and convinced to have carried out a tender conspiracy. The formulation of the problem in the research is an analysis of the authority of the KPPU and the elements of a tender conspiracy. The type of research that was used in this journal were the Normative Research Type, and the data collection technique used is the literature study
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Zagarella, Roberta Martina, und Marco Annoni. „A rhetorical perspective on conspiracies“. Journal of Argumentation in Context 8, Nr. 2 (25.09.2019): 262–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jaic.18006.zag.
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Abstract In this paper, we analyze the persuasive effects of conspiracy theories from a rhetorical and argumentative perspective. In particular, we scrutinize a case-study – the story of the “Stamina cure” in Italy –, interpreting it as a particular instance of conspiracy theory. First, we explain what conspiracy theories are, and why they are relevant within the contemporary health debate. Second, we situate our analysis in relation to other theoretical accounts, explaining why a discursive approach may be required to study conspiracies. Third, we investigate our case-study through the lenses of the three “entechnic” proofs of rhetoric: logos, ethos, and pathos. We conclude that a rhetorical approach can shed significant light on how conspiracies achieve their persuasive effect and it provides a first step toward the elaboration of a more comprehensive model to better address the practical and political implications of conspiracy argumentations.
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Naveed, Muhammad Asif, Amara Malik und Khalid Mahmood. „Impact of conspiracy beliefs on Covid-19 fear and health protective behavior: a case of university students“. Library Hi Tech 39, Nr. 3 (20.07.2021): 761–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lht-12-2020-0322.
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PurposeThis study investigated the impact of conspiracy beliefs on fear of Covid-19 and health protective behavior of university students in Pakistan.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire was conducted at three universities in Punjab (e.g. two public sectors and one private sector) with permission from concerned authorities for data collection. A total of 374 responses were received that were analyzed by applying both descriptive and inferential statistics.FindingsThe results indicated the prevalence of conspiracy beliefs and fear of Covid-19 among university students of two public sector universities and one private sector university. Furthermore, the conspiracy beliefs of university students predicted their fear of Covid-19. However, conspiracy beliefs did not predict the health protective behavior of university students.Research limitations/implicationsThese results had serious implications for public health in Pakistan demonstrating the critical need for health education and promotion as individual preparedness along with system preparedness is essential to combat Covid-19 pandemic and infodemic. These results are useful for policymakers, healthcare professionals, university administration and library staff for making evidence-based decisions toward health education and promotion related to the Covid-19 pandemic.Originality/valueIt is hoped that the present study would make an invaluable contribution to existing research on promotional health in general and the role of conspiracy beliefs in putting public health at risk in particular as limited studies have been published so far.
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Wallis, Joe. „Conspiracy and The Policy Process: A Case Study of the New Zealand Experiment“. Journal of Public Policy 17, Nr. 1 (Januar 1997): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x0000341x.
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ABSTRACTThis paper advances the concept of a policy conspiracy – perpetrators strive together to steer the policy process in a direction which they believe to be worthwhile and possible. A policy conspiracy is conceived as an exclusive social network of policy participants who commit themselves to the advancement of a policy quest which embodies their shared hopes and who promote one another to positions of influence on the basis of the mutual trust they develop through regular interaction. The degree to which the network of technocrats, technopols and change agents who played a pivotal role in the implementation and consolidation of the ‘New Zealand experiment’ between 1984 and 1993 exhibit these characteristics is considered. By examining the way this policy conspiracy took advantage of a significant window of opportunity for reform, this paper seeks to make a contribution to the literature concerned with the conditions for radical policy reform.
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Collins, Chloe, Chelsie Rapley, Brian Chia, Luke Smith und Ben Middlemass. „Is the current law on Conspiracy to commit Murder effective and fair?“ Student Journal of Professional Practice and Academic Research 1, Nr. 1 (01.02.2019): 85–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/sjppar.v1i1.801.
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“Conspirators be they that…bind themselves by Oath…or other Alliance, that every of them shall aid and support the Enterprise of each other falsely and maliciously to indite.”Established in the Third Ordinance of Conspirators in 1304; the first definition of conspiracy was to prevent and punish those who would plan to use children to present their false accusations in court on their behalf (as children could not be criminally liable). The aim of the law on conspiracy, although widening the scope, has been clear from the thirteenth century: to prevent and punish the planning of a criminal offence. However, since expanding, the law on conspiracy has been criticised especially in regard to sentencing as “unduly harsh.” This is the result of numerous problems with the current law on conspiracy to murder, which is in urgent need of reform. “On the 10th of October 2007, the law commission proposed many recommendations on reforms of statutory conspiracy” (Law Commission 2018). The focus of this legal research is to explore the current state of law regarding conspiracy to murder and the legislation, case law, scholarly and media articles discussed in this report will evaluate the effectiveness and fairness of the law on conspiracy to murder. Thus, the question to sum up our legal research “Is the current law on conspiracy to commit murder effective and fair?"
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FUJII, Takeshi. „S. H. Vatsyayan and the Delhi Conspiracy Case“. JOURNAL OF INDIAN AND BUDDHIST STUDIES (INDOGAKU BUKKYOGAKU KENKYU) 41, Nr. 2 (1993): 1083–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4259/ibk.41.1083.
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Sawye, Patrick. „Populist Conspiracy Theories in the 2016 US Presidential Election A Quantitative Analysis of the Effects of Conspiratorial Demonization“. Politologický časopis - Czech Journal of Political Science 29, Nr. 2 (2022): 189–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/pc2022-2-189.
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This study focuses on the consequences of conspiracy theories on voter behaviour. I argue that conspiracism is not simply a tendency of populist movements but also holds instrumental value; the candidates and supporters can use conspiracy theories to demonize their opponents, thus resulting in a lower tendency of voters to cast their ballot for them. Given the lack of detailed data concerning adherence to certain conspiracy theories, search aggregate data concerning interest in the conspiracy theory from Google Trends was taken in order to overcome this. Taking the case of Donald Trump’s 2016 Presidential campaign, the utilization of a multi-level regression model demonstrates that voters were less likely to vote for Clinton in states where interest in the anti-Clinton conspiracy theory was highest, testifying to a ‘demonization’ effect. The anti-Clinton conspiracy theories, which included allegations of high-level corruption and plots by political and financial elites, were shown to be effective on lower-income, lower-educated voter cohorts, and members of the white working-class, but not ideological conservatives. These results imply that spreading conspiracy theories finds the most success when it targets those groups which were not necessarily inclined to support a certain candidate from the outset.
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Mölder, Holger, und Vladimir Sazonov. „The Impact of Russian Anti-Western Conspiracy Theories on the Status-Related Conflict in Ukraine: The Case of Flight MH17“. Baltic Journal of European Studies 9, Nr. 3 (01.09.2019): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bjes-2019-0024.
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Abstract The Russian Federation has a wide arsenal of tools at its disposal for conducting information warfare to achieve its strategic objectives in the ongoing status conflict with the West. The active exploitation of conspiracy theories has thrived since pro-Kremlin forces started armed conflict against Ukraine in 2013–2014. This article focuses on the crash of Flight MH17, widely used by the Russian media to fabricate various conspiracy theories which make out that the West and Ukraine are responsible for the disaster. This study examines several Russian outlets and TV channels and concludes that the Russian media often used falsified stories and emotional rhetoric in narratives they spread about the crash of Flight MH17. The narratives used to create these conspiracy theories claim that the incident was a Western provocation attempting to generate hostility towards Russia. In disseminating these kinds of conspiracy theories, the pro-Kremlin media created distrust against the West and the Ukrainian government among a larger audience and produced discomfort and disorientation about Western and Ukrainian news.
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Dentith, M. R. X. „'I-know-it-when-I-see-it' - Motivating Examples in the Social Psychology of Conspiracy Theory Theory“. Routledge Open Research 2 (05.09.2023): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/routledgeopenres.17931.1.
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Looking at set of 76 representative articles published by social psychologists between 2017 and 2023 (reviewed between December 2022 and February 2023), I examine the role of motivating examples---a kind of illustrative example, typically used by researchers at the beginning of their work to motivate the issue or problem they want to resolve or address in that work---in the social psychological work on conspiracy theory. Through an examination of the language around how motivating examples are introduced and used in the social psychological literature, I argue that the abstract and vague way that social psychologists employ such examples ends up relying on what Joseph Uscinski and Adam Enders deem as an unviable and easily abused `I-know-it-when-I-see-it' standard. As will be demonstrated, much of the recent work in the social psychology of conspiracy theory assumes and thus fails to establish what is supposedly problematic about belief in the conspiracy theories used as motivating examples. As a consequence the surveyed work typically fails to adequately capture belief in actual conspiracy theories, let alone establish a case for a general suspicion of such beliefs. This work, then, adds to and extends upon existing critiques of the social psychology of conspiracy theory by members of the wider community of scholars studying conspiracy theories. The upshot of this research is that if social psychologists want their work to be of use to the broader scholarly community studying these things called `conspiracy theories', then they need to connect work their work on the problems of conspiracy beliefs or mindsets to concrete examples of belief in unwarranted conspiracy theories.
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Șamșudean, Dragoș. „Conspiracy Theories and Faith in Romania. What the Orthodox Bloggers Say?“ Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Studia Europaea 68, Nr. 2 (18.12.2023): 175–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbeuropaea.2023.2.08.
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"The last twenty years have seen a rapid development of religion and conspiracy theories amid the expansion of digital technologies. This study seeks to address the gap in the literature on conspiracies and digital religion by focusing on the perception of Ortho-bloggers as a new type of religious actor emerging online, towards Faith and conspiracy theories in the Romanian Ortho-sphere. The study uses Romania as a case due to its Orthodox majority, good internet infrastructure, constant flow of conspiracies online and its unique geopolitical features. The findings point tendency among Ortho-bloggers towards thinking and sharing conspiracies. Key words: Ortho-bloggers, conspiracy theories, Faith, Romania, perceptions."
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Naim Che Nordin, Mohd Khairul. „Symbiotic Relationship between Deviant Religious Teachings and Conspiracy Theories: Characteristics, Adaptability, and Impact on the Muslim Community“. Online Journal of Research in Islamic Studies 10, Nr. 2 (30.12.2023): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/ris.vol10no2.6.
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This paper examines the symbiotic relationship between deviant religious teachings and conspiracy theories, investigating their shared characteristics, adaptability, and impact on the Muslim community. The study objectives encompass analyzing examples of this relationship, exploring the factors driving the utilization of conspiracy theories by deviant teachings, and evaluating the consequences for the Muslim community. Employing a qualitative approach, the research integrates a comprehensive literature review, case study analysis, and examination of online sources. The analysis involves collecting and scrutinizing instances of deviant teachings and their utilization of social media platforms, along with the accompanying conspiracy theories. The roles played by conspiracy theories in fostering group cohesion, legitimizing teachings, mobilizing support, and countering criticism are assessed. The findings reveal the extensive exploitation of social media and the internet by deviant teachings to propagate their ideologies. Conspiracy theories serve as potent tools to augment the appeal and credibility of these teachings, contributing to the formation of group identities, the establishment of legitimacy, and the attraction of followers. Furthermore, the study uncovers indications of potential involvement of proponents of deviant teachings as conspirators, given the proliferation of teachings with unclear sources and the reliance on conspiracy theories. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the necessity of comprehending and addressing the symbiotic relationship between deviant teachings and conspiracy theories. By promoting informed religious education and leveraging social media effectively, it is feasible to mitigate the adverse impact of these ideologies and safeguard the Muslim community against misconceptions and divisive influences.
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Schreven, Stephanie. „Conspiracy Theorists and Organization Studies“. Organization Studies 39, Nr. 10 (23.09.2017): 1473–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840617727783.
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This essay proposes an experiment in workplace emancipation by letting go of the assumption of who knows best in the domain of knowledge and suspending ‘social closure’ (Weber) as a mechanism of exclusion. Specifically, I experiment with a stance I adopt from Jacques Rancière, which is to presuppose equality, in this case with conspiracy theorists, starting by listening to what they have to say, rather than seeking to silence them and dismissing them a priori. Listening to what conspiracy theorists have to say, I propose a reconfiguration and recalibration of our empirical awareness derived from their practices and their aesthetics. In particular, I seek to reclaim close attention to detail, regarded by Hofstadter as a core feature of the paranoid style, for a democratic style. The implication of my experiment is an invitation to rethink knowledge building in the form of cases, resulting by engaging intimately with the unaccounted for as part of a conversation among equals that encourages independent thinking.
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Az Zarah, Intania. „KAJIAN YURIDIS PRAKTIK PERSEKONGKOLAN DALAM TENDER (Studi Putusan KPPU Perkara Nomor 24/KPPU-I/2016)“. Jurnal Privat Law 11, Nr. 1 (19.07.2023): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/privat.v11i1.47468.
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<p><em>This research aims to determine the consideration of a conspiracy in the Commission decision on Case No. 24 / KPPU-I / 2016 and implementation of legal justice in the Commission’s Decision Case No. 24 / KPPU-I / 2016 in terms of economic and fairness aspects. This research</em> <em>is a normative law research which are prescriptive and applied. The approach used are the statute approach and the case approach. The sources of legal materials consist of primary legal materials, secondary and tertiary legal materials with literature study. This research used deductive analysis technique. Commission’s in Decision Number 24 / KPPU-I / 2016 has considered on the case in accordance with Law No. 5 of 1999, however its considerations do not consider whether the consequences of the conspiracy are hindering business competition or not. The commission in deciding the Commission Case Number 24 / KPPU-I / 2016 tended to only pay attention to the justice aspect while the economic aspect seemed a little neglected, so that the KPPU Decision Number 24 / KPPU-I / 2016 did not fully fulfill legal justice.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: Tender Conspiracy; Business Competition; Fairness</em></strong><em></em></p>
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Koerber, Amy. „Is It Fake News or Is It Open Science? Science Communication in the COVID-19 Pandemic“. Journal of Business and Technical Communication 35, Nr. 1 (22.09.2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1050651920958506.
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This article explores science communication in the context of COVID-19 through a case study of a January 31, 2020, bioRxiv preprint publication that led to conspiracy theories by suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 originated in the laboratory through genetic engineering. Analysis will consider the initial preprint, the scientific critique that led it to be withdrawn, the conspiracy theories that continue to circulate, and the larger debate that this example has sparked among advocates and critics of open science.
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Syah, Irfan Ardian. „IA TAFSIRAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI TERHADAP PEMUFAKATAN JAHAT OLEH KORUPTOR (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 21/PUU-XIV/2016)“. Jurnal Hukum Respublica 17, Nr. 2 (11.05.2018): 230–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/respublica.v17i2.1833.
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Hopes that the Constitutional Court (CC) is not acting as legislator (maker norm) was not easy to achieve. This is because in some cases the judicial examined, tried, and decided, the CC actually act as a norm-making body (one of them in the Case Number 21/PUU-XIV/2016). Thus, in terms of the concept of state power, the CC has a dual role as the holders of state power in the judiciary and the legislature. The problem of this study is the interpretation of the CC of the of conspiracy and the relationship between of conspiracy according to Article 88 of the Code of Penal (CP) in accordance with Article 15 of the Law on the Eradication of Corruption (LEC) before and after the enactment quo decision. CC interpretation against conspiracy is the right step to ensure legal certainty. However, the CC for an interpretation of action are included unlawful. Thus, in hearing and deciding the case a quo, the CC took a negative role, namely to uphold the law by breaking the law. The relationship between conspiracy under Article 88 of CP with according to Article 15 of LEC before the stipulated judgment a quo is not applied the principle of Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generalis after adoption of a quo decision to do is to be the application of the principle of Lex Specialis Derogat Legi Generalis.
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Pavić, Željko, und Adrijana Šuljok. „Vaccination conspiracy beliefs among social science & humanities and STEM educated people—An analysis of the mediation paths“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 3 (01.03.2022): e0264722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264722.
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Understanding vaccine hesitancy is becoming increasingly important, especially after the global outbreak of COVID-19. The main goal of this study was to explore the differences in vaccination conspiracy beliefs between people with a university degree coming from different scientific fields—Social Sciences & Humanities (SH) and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). The study was conducted on an online convenience sample of respondents with college and university degrees in Croatia (N = 577). The results revealed that respondents educated in SH proved to be more prone to vaccination conspiracy beliefs. The indirect effect through science literacy was confirmed, while this was not the case for the indirect effects through health beliefs (natural immunity beliefs) and trust in the healthcare system. However, all three variables were important direct predictors of vaccination conspiracy beliefs. Female gender and religiosity were positively correlated with vaccination conspiracy beliefs, while age was not a statistically significant predictor. The authors concluded by emphasizing the necessity of the more theoretically elaborated approaches to the study of the educational and other socio-demographic differences in vaccine hesitancy.
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Ardiansyah, Rendi, und Margo Hadi Pura. „Tinjauan Hukum Persaingan Usaha dalam Praktek Persekongkolan Tender (Studi Putusan Nomor:04/KPPU-L/2018)“. Wajah Hukum 5, Nr. 1 (26.04.2021): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/wjh.v5i1.398.
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The existence of Law Number 5 Year 1999 is expected to prevent monopolistic practices and unfair business competition in a business world that continues to develop with increasingly fierce competition. However, until now there are still many unfair effort practices because increasingly complex competition and demands for profusely profit, one of which is related to tender conspiracy activities carried out in the procurement of goods and services within the government. Between them are the practice of conspiracy to tender for the Decision of the Business Competition Supervisory Commission Number 04/ KPPU-L/2018. In writing this article using a normative juridical research method in which research and observations are carried out in a library by emphasizing the applicable legal principles. The purpose of writing this article is to find out tender conspiracy in view of business competition law, which is essentially prohibited because it will prevent other business actors from competing in offering prices at the auction. In addition, this article discusses the fulfillment of the formulaic elements in the practice of tender conspiracy in the a quo case. Tender conspiracy is specifically regulated in Article 22 of Law Number 5 Year 1999 which is then complemented by the guidelines issuance of Article 22 by KPPU. Whereas in essence the actions of the Reported Parties in the implementation of the a quo tender constituted a tender conspiracy practice because they had complied with all the elements referred to in Article 22 of Law Number 5 Year 1999 resulting in receiving administrative sanctions imposed by KPPU as a form of law enforcement.
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Bronfentrinker, Boris, Jon Lawrence, Paul Lomas und Georgia Dawson. „The Norris Case: Price-fixing and Criminal Conspiracy to Defraud“. Business Law Review 30, Issue 7 (01.07.2009): 161–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/bula2009036.
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The US government sought to extradite Ian Norris, the former chief executive officer of FTSE 250 company Morgan Crucible, on charges including conspiracy to fix prices of carbon products between 1989 and 2000. On 12 March 2008, the House of Lords allowed Mr Norris’s appeal in part against the lower court’s decision that Mr Norris should be extradited to the US to face charges of conspiracy to fix prices, obstructing the course of justice and interfering with witnesses. In a unanimous judgment, five Law Lords concluded that Mr Norris could not be extradited on the cartel allegation because price-fixing was not, at the relevant time, a criminal offence in the UK. The test of double criminality required for the extradition of a UK national to the US was not satisfied in respect of the price fixing charge. This article outlines and analyses this judgment.
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Evans Erick Otieno Ochieng. „Issues of ethics in research: Analysis of conspiracy theories surrounding covid-19 pandemic on social media“. Journal of Policy and Development Studies (JPDS) 1, Nr. 1 (22.09.2022): 50–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/jpds.v4i1.255.
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This study sought to analyse social media’s conspiracy theories surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic. Several conflicting theories about the origin of the coronavirus have been advanced in most public discourses, especially on social media platforms, particularly Twitter and Facebook. Since no studies have been done concerning the study area, there is a need to analyse conspiracy theories surrounding the COVID-19 pandemic on social media. The study relied on descriptive research design and premised on conspiracy theories in situations of uncertainties, in this case, the COVID-19 pandemic. Purposive sampling is used to select social media content with messages, particularly from Facebook posts on the coronavirus and the responses or comments from social media users. This data was extracted between the periods of March and August 2020. Textual analysis is the main form of data analysis in the study. The study findings are useful to the ministry of health and the media houses to inform what and how they disseminate information, especially on the coronavirus. This study concludes that COVID-19 pandemic has created the perfect circumstances for conspiracy theories, and research suggests that they negatively affect people’s compliance with preventive behaviours.
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SZYMANOWICZ, Adam, und Sylwester STRZYŻEWSKI. „THE HISTORY OF ORZYSZ CONSPIRACY“. Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 160, Nr. 2 (01.04.2011): 100–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0002.2968.
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The turn of the forties and fifties is a period of renewed activity of the various groups and underground organizations. One of them was the Democratic Union of Struggle for Independence - DZWON (the abbreviation of the Polish full name “Demokratyczny Związek Walki O Niepodległość”, in English ‘The Bell’) - the organization that operated in the period from May 1951 to March 1952. The founder and leader of the organization was Władysław Świacki, who had experience in fighting the Nazis, as well as in the underground working.The political programme of the DZWON organization based on commonly taken into consideration by society in those days the possibility of the outbreak of World War III, that at the same time would create the possibility of taking the armed struggle and finally the overthrow of the communist regime depending on the Soviet Union. The internal structure of the organization was closely adjusted to the underground conditions. Władysław Świacki created the ternary system, which was to guarantee the safety of individuals, even in the case of arrests.In the period from May 1951 to February 1952, the organization was able to embrace with its range the part of Olsztyn and Bialystok voivodships. The communist authorities quickly got on the trail of the organization. The first arrests took place in late January and February 1952. Until April of that year dozens of people were arrested. After the brutal interrogation a great number of members of the organization were sentenced to more than ten years in prison.
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Gülgez, Özlem. „AN INVESTIGATION OF CONSPIRACY THEORIES ON COVID-19: TURKEY'S CASE“. International Journal of Education Technology and Scientific Researches 6, Nr. 15 (01.01.2021): 1179–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.35826/ijetsar.319.
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Sastrawan, Wayan Jarrah. „Witch-hunt and conspiracy: the “ninja case” in East Java“. Asian Studies Review 41, Nr. 3 (03.11.2016): 501–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2016.1253412.
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Louro, M. L., und C. Stolte. „Introduction: The Meerut Conspiracy Case in Comparative and International Perspective“. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa and the Middle East 33, Nr. 3 (01.01.2013): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/1089201x-2378103.
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Herriman, Nicholas, und Sana Jaffrey. „Witch-Hunt and Conspiracy: The Ninja Case in East Java“. Contemporary Southeast Asia 39, Nr. 2 (31.08.2017): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs39-2h.
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Ricker, Aaron. „"Crisis, Conspiracy, and Community in Evangelical Climate Denial"“. Journal of the Council for Research on Religion 2, Nr. 1 (30.12.2020): 72–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/jcreor.v2i1.39.
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Statistically speaking, American Evangelical Christians are uniquely attracted to apocalyptic conspiracy theories when it comes to the topic of climate change. Since Evangelicals constitute a powerful voting/lobbying/shopping bloc, it is worth asking why this might be the case and what (if anything) can be done about it. To this end, my study considers the relevance of two major cultural tributaries to American Evangelical pop apocalyptic culture. In the first section I consider biblical apocalyptic culture and argue that the characteristic apocalyptic promise to disclose hidden divine plans to a misunderstood but soon-tobe- vindicated elect group naturally entails conspiracy-theory thinking. I argue further that apocalyptic imagination and conspiracy-theory thinking are powerful tools for the definition of identity and community. In the second section I turn my attention to the kind of Evangelical pop apocalyptic culture that helped push climate science denial into the Christian mainstream. I argue that in pop apocalyptic productions like the influential tracts and comics of Jack T. Chick, the image of the elect as the persecuted and powerful bearers of special knowledge found a new lease on life, and continues to fascinate millions with the attractive offer of somebody special to be and somewhere special to belong. I conclude that apocalyptic questions of crisis and conspiracy have a sociological function, as means to the end of defining social identity. Understanding this concrete function of conspiracy-theory thinking in Christian apocalyptic imagination can help in assessing and addressing the troubling phenomenon of Evangelical climate denial.
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Saunders, Kyle L. „The impact of elite frames and motivated reasoning on beliefs in a global warming conspiracy: The promise and limits of trust“. Research & Politics 4, Nr. 3 (Juli 2017): 205316801771760. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053168017717602.
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Given the potential attitudinal and behavioral impact of Anthropogenic Global Warming (AGW) conspiracy beliefs, it is important to understand their causes and moderators. Here, two explanations for the variation in these beliefs are engaged: the first is the choice among elites to frame AGW using the phrase ‘global warming’ (GW) as opposed to ‘climate change’ (CC); the second is partisan motivated reasoning. A theory is then developed about the role of trust in moderating the impact of the two frames on AGW conspiracy beliefs. In the case of CC, which is perceived as less severe than GW (and is therefore less identity threatening among Republicans), it is hypothesized that trust will moderate hoax beliefs among Republicans. In the case of GW, where the implications of existence beliefs have policy consequences that are more unpleasant, motivated reasoning will ‘win out’, and trust will not moderate conspiracy endorsement among Republicans. The results from an original question framing experiment are consistent with the author’s hypotheses. Whilst trust is a welcome commodity to those looking to persuade citizens to support AGW-ameliorating policies, it is not a cure-all, especially in the face of elite partisan cues that edify pre-existing attitudes/identities and arouse a strong desire to engage in motivated reasoning.
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Grišinas, Arvydas, Ainius Lašas und Ignas Kalpokas. „Reliance on Conspiracy Theories Among Lithuanian Population“. Politologija 108, Nr. 4 (29.12.2022): 42–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/polit.2022.108.2.
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This article analyses the statistical validity of popular explanations for peoples‘s tendency to rely on conspiracy theories in Lithuanian public discourse. The paper discovers that out of four most popular explanations, belief in paranormal phenomena and determinist thinking have the strongest correlation. The evaluation of one‘s own perceived financial wellbeing also proves significance. Meanwhile, education, political knowledge and actual income level either correlate with tendency to rely on conspiratorial thinking sporadically or does not correlate at all. The study is based on a representative survey, conducted in Lithuania, in late 2021, and seeks to delineate the initial outlines for further research on the case of Lithuania, which has been only scarcely explored.
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Gruzd, Anatoliy, und Philip Mai. „Going viral: How a single tweet spawned a COVID-19 conspiracy theory on Twitter“. Big Data & Society 7, Nr. 2 (Juli 2020): 205395172093840. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053951720938405.
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In late March of 2020, a new hashtag, #FilmYourHospital, made its first appearance on social media. The hashtag encouraged people to visit local hospitals to take pictures and videos of empty hospitals to help “prove” that the COVID-19 pandemic is an elaborate hoax. Using techniques from Social Network Analysis, this case study examines how this conspiracy theory propagated on Twitter and whether the hashtag virality was aided by the use of automation or coordination among Twitter users. We found that while much of the content came from users with limited reach, the oxygen that fueled this conspiracy in its early days came from a handful of prominent conservative politicians and far right political activists on Twitter. These power users used this hashtag to build awareness about the campaign and to encourage their followers to break quarantine and film what is happening at their local hospitals. After the initial boost by a few prominent accounts, the campaign was mostly sustained by pro-Trump accounts, followed by a secondary wave of propagation outside the U.S. The rise of the #FilmYourHospital conspiracy from a single tweet demonstrates the ongoing challenge of addressing false, viral information during the COVID-19 pandemic. While the spread of misinformation can be potentially mitigated by fact-checking and directing people to credible sources of information from public health agencies, false and misleading claims that are driven by politics and supported by strong convictions and not science are much harder to root out.
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Shumakov, Andrey A. „Gabriel’s plot of 1800: the story of the failed uprising“. Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 8, Nr. 3 (2022): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2022-8-3-125-142.
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This article analyzes one of the most significant, yet understudied events in African-American history. The Virginia Conspiracy or the Gabriel Conspiracy of 1800 is considered the most famous case of organizing a mass armed uprising of slaves in the United States. Inspired by the ideas and examples of the American, Great French and Haitian revolutions, black slaves tried not just to raise an uprising and achieve liberation, but actually challenged the slave-owning orders of the entire white South. The scale and geography of the conspiracy leave no doubt that it originally implied a mass armed demonstration, which was to begin simultaneously in several cities of Virginia and spread to neighboring states. The purpose of this study is to analyze and restore the chronicle of the main events related to the Virginia Conspiracy of 1800. The materials of the trial and some periodicals act as a source base, while the author also relies on the research of leading American experts on this topic. The main objectives of the study include: to consider the background of the conspiracy and some issues of Gabriel’s early biography and to study the process of preparing a speech and the immediate implementation of the plan. The article also analyzes the consequences of the events of 1800 for the legislation of Virginia and the entire white South. The main methods are historical-descriptive and comparative-historical, allowing to draw the necessary parallels with similar historical phenomena, such as the Virginia Uprising led by Nat Turner in 1831. The conclusion shows that the slave conspiracy of 1800 was planned in the most careful way, while the reason for its failure was a combination of purely subjective factors. Simultaneously, Gabriel’s failed rebellion demonstrated the vulnerability of the White South in the face of slave uprisings, as well as the high degree of self-organization of the Black community and the beginning of the formation of an African-American identity.
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Bowman, Gary W., und Erwin A. Blackstone. „Low price conspiracy: Trade regulation and the case of Japanese electronics“. Atlantic Economic Journal 18, Nr. 4 (Dezember 1990): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02299020.
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Dinkin, Aaron J. „Variant-centered variation and the like conspiracy“. Linguistic Variation 16, Nr. 2 (31.12.2016): 221–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lv.16.2.03din.
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The conventional methodology of variationist linguistics foregrounds the variable as the object of study: each variant is situated in the envelope of variation against the other variants it competes with. This paper argues that it is necessary to look beyond the context of the alternations a variant participates in in order to get a full picture of the factors affecting variation. The multi-functional variant like is used as a case study to illustrate the value of a variant-centered analysis: the fact that several distinct variables are all simultaneously changing toward the variant like suggests that a variant can be targeted for change across multiple variables, parallelling Campbell-Kibler (2011)’s model of the variant as the carrier of sociolinguistic meaning. It is conjectured that the set of changes toward like can be explained as a top-down discursive change targeting like as an indicator of vague literality, a function it retains in multiple distinct variable contexts.
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Nugroho, Dani Septian, und Margo Hadi Pura. „Faktor Hambatan Penyidikan Dalam Kasus Tindak Pidana Cybercrime“. VERITAS 8, Nr. 1 (21.03.2022): 34–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34005/veritas.v8i1.932.
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Investiagtion is a process of a investigate to found evidence, suspect and resolve the criminal case, but in the reality there’s a obstacle during investigation. For example is on decision letter Number 1206/Pid.Sus/2019/PN.Jkt.Brt. The problem in this journal is kinds of causes factor obstacle happen. This research is intended to find out in depth the factors of investigation conspiracy. In this research is using method of juridical-normative approach, namely analyzing Law Number 11 of 2008, PN Jkt Brt Decision, and literature or books as a type of secondary data related to investigation conspiracy. The results showed that one of the factors that caused the investigation carried out by several problem and obstacle, and causes there’s a 4 case on 1 suspect then involved 1 linguist, for other factors will be explained more broadly in the discussion of this journal.
Keywords : Factors; Investigation; Cybercrime
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Manjón Tortolero, Noelia. „Conspiración de silencio: ¿ayuda o agonía? = Conspiracy of silence: aid or agony?“ REVISTA ESPAÑOLA DE COMUNICACIÓN EN SALUD 9, Nr. 2 (18.12.2018): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/recs.2018.4501.
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Resumen: La conspiración de silencio o pacto de silencio, definida como “el acuerdo implícito o explícito por parte de familiares, amigos y/o profesionales, de alterar la información que se da al paciente con el objetivo de ocultarle el diagnóstico y/o pronóstico y/o gravedad de la situación”, se presenta como posibilidad para aquellas personas que viven un momento de inminente muerte entre uno de sus seres queridos. El paciente enfermo puede ser consciente y aceptar la ocultación con sus plenas facultades, conspiración adaptativa, o ir en contra de su voluntad, conspiración desadaptativa. Es este último caso el que suscita gran conmoción y diversidad de opiniones en cuanto a la moralidad y la legitimidad de llevar a cabo la conspiración. El texto pretende poner de manifiesto la realidad que se esconde detrás de la conspiración de silencio desadaptativa, con el objetivo de explicar las nefastas consecuencias que este pacto provoca en los tres estadios del triángulo afectado: paciente, familiares y/o amigos, y equipo médico. Con efectos como la ansiedad, el temor, la incertidumbre, la desconfianza y el aislamiento, la conspiración de silencio tiende a suponer más una agonía que una ayuda a la hora de enfrentar una situación de enfermedad terminal.Palabras clave: conspiración de silencio; muerte; paciente; enfermedad; familiares; equipo médico; terminal; agonía.Abstract: The conspiracy of silence or pact of silence, defined as “the implicit or explicit agreement by part of relatives, friends and/or medical team, of altering the information given to the patient in order to hide the diagnosis and/or prognosis and/or seriousness of the situation “, is presented as a possibility for those people who live a moment of imminent death among one of their beloved ones. The ill patient can be conscious and accept concealment with his/her full powers, adaptive conspiracy, or, on the contrary, the conspiracy of silence can go against his/her will, maladaptive conspiracy. This last case is the one which arouses great commotion and diversity of opinions regarding morality and legitimacy of carrying out maladaptive conspiracy. The text aims to reveal the reality behind the conspiracy of silence, with the target of explaining the drawbacks that this pact causes in the three stages of the affected triangle: patient, family members and/or friends, and medical team. With effects such as anxiety, fear, uncertainty, mistrust and isolation, the conspiracy of silence tends to suppose more an agony than an aid when facing a situation of terminal illness.Keywords: conspiracy of silence; death; patient; disease; relatives; medical team; terminal; agony.
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Wahyuni, Yelli Sri, Sukmareni und Syaiful Munandar. „ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TINDAK PIDANA PEMUFAKATAN JAHAT DALAM MELAKUKAN TINDAK PIDANA NARKOTIKA OLEH ANAK“. Juris 7, Nr. 2 (10.12.2023): 310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.56301/juris.v7i2.926.
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Narcotics Crime has occurred a lot in Indonesia. One of those who commit narcotic crimes is a child. Parents are obliged to fulfill the rights of children so as not to fall into drugs and promiscuity. As is the case with the defendant Fajar Bumi Putra who has been sentenced by the Payakumbuh District Court judge, but the problems and objectives of this study are to analyze 1) The basis for the judge's consideration of the Evil Conspiracy case Number 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN-Pyh in imposing a sentence on a child who commits a narcotic crime. 2) The basis in what case is a child who commits a narcotic crime under number 1/Pid.Sus-Anak/2021/PN Pyh regarding Evil conspiracy committed by children is in accordance with the Law.. Based on the results In this study, the authors suggest efforts to prevent narcotics crime, protect children's values and educate children so they don't fall prey to narcotics and promiscuity by judges and law enforcement officials such as public prosecutors.
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Haryanto, Imam, Muthia Sakti und Wirya Agung Kusuma Putra. „Protection For Tender Participants Businesses That Are Losses Due To Collection According To Business Competition Law“. Justicia Sains: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 5, Nr. 2 (25.08.2021): 299–321. http://dx.doi.org/10.24967/jcs.v5i2.1290.
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The development of the Indonesian economy is aimed at improving the lives of people who are just and prosperous. This is an ideal that has been mandated in the 1945 Constitution and Pancasila. One of the obstacles in the Indonesian economy is the existence of monopolistic practices and unfair business competition in business or business in Indonesia. Tender conspiracy is one of the forms of action prohibited in the Anti-Monopoly Law because tender conspiracy is fraudulent and detrimental, especially to other tender participants who do not conspire, because automatically in the tender, the winner cannot be regulated, but rather who does it. the best bid is the winner and apart from that bid rigging is an anti-competitive act. Regarding the conspiracy, there is a KPPU Decision relating to this matter, namely the KPPU Decision Case Number 6 / KPPU-L / 2015 regarding the construction of the Barito Kuala Regency DPRD building and its Land Development, in its decision the KPPU Commission Council stated that Reported Party I (PT. Citra Kharisma Persada), reported II (PT. Cempaka Mulia Perkasa), reported III (PT Sumber Nor Abadi), reported IV (Pokja I in the Human Settlements Division of the Public Works Office of Barito Kuala Regency Fiscal Year 2013) was proven legally and convincingly violating Article 22 of the Law Number 5 of 1999. This research will discuss legal protections for business actors participating in tenders who suffer losses due to conspiracy in the KPPU's decision.
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Borza, Natalia. „What makes the Wuhan virus American?“ Linguistik Online 119, Nr. 1 (03.03.2023): 3–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.119.9476.
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From the sociolinguistic perspective, conspiracy theories (CT), which convey heterodox forms of knowledge that diverge from accepted narratives, are worth examining since their discourses abound in persuasive language. Still, the discourse of CTs is under-researched (Demata/Zorzi/ Zottola 2022). The present empirical, discourse-analytical case study seeks to address this lacuna by exploring the discursive (de)legitimation strategies of conspiracy discourse in competing narrative frames. The research adopted the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) perspective, and the comparative analysis was carried out within the methodological framework developed by van Leeuwen (2008) and Tankard (2001). The findings complement van Leeuwen’s “grammar of legitimation”, and also contribute to existing knowledge on framing theories. The results of the explorative case study indicate that the persuasiveness of the discursive strategies of (de)legitimisation depends on several features, such as synergy, projection, the sense of belonging, silencing with blockers, implying the generality of specific cases, and the partial investigation of causality.
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Krekó, Péter. „The Birth of an Illiberal Informational Autocracy in Europe: A Case Study on Hungary“. Journal of Illiberalism Studies 2, Nr. 1 (2022): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53483/wcjw3538.
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While the institutional aspects of the illiberal shift in Hungary since 2010 have received notable scholarly attention, less analysis has dealt with the informational aspects of this de-democratization trend. In this article, I apply the concept of “informational autocracy” to Hungary to explain the way in which the Orbán government has been able to achieve the kind of hegemonic rule in that has also helped Orbán’s Fidesz party win their fourth straight election. The article briefly explains how the Hungarian media infrastructure (the “hardware”), was built up, and what are the dominant narratives—especially the conspiracy theories—that the regime is propagating (the “software”). The efficiency of Orbán’s informational autocracy in shaping public opinion is explained through specific cases in which the government could easily shore up its popularity by manipulating information, such as during the pandemic and after the start of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The article argues that Hungarian informational autocracy combines strategies and techniques that are imported from Western liberal democracies—with plenty of inspiration coming from the recent example of the United States, and with narratives and conspiracy theories that are imported from Eastern autocracies.
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Tkacova, H. „The Nature of the Misinformation before and during Covid 19 (case study of Slovakia)“. Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 13, Nr. 1 (27.03.2022): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_13_1_08.
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This article presents an outline of theoretical background followed by a presentation of our own research which aims to identify the most common misinformation in the period before the pandemic and in the period of the so-called first and second wave of Covid 19 in Slovakia. The research method was a qualitative content analysis of the most read conspiracy web portals in the period before the pandemic, and separately also during the pandemic. The result of the research is the identification of key topics that determined the character of the most watched conspiracy media in Slovakia in the two monitored periods. The article points to a negative phenomenon which, in our opinion, is "lost" in heated discussions about fears of the presence of misinformation in public space. It is a fact that during Covid 19, the time spent in the Internet environment increased radically, especially in the group of today's young people. The study expresses concern that extending the time of young people on the Internet has exacerbated new forms of pitfalls that can make a significant contribution to making the younger group an even more vulnerable group as a result of the increase in online misinformation.
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Mus, Mathilde, Alexander Bor und Michael Bang Petersen. „Do conspiracy theories efficiently signal coalition membership? An experimental test using the “Who Said What?” design“. PLOS ONE 17, Nr. 3 (10.03.2022): e0265211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265211.
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Theoretical work in evolutionary psychology have proposed that conspiracy theories may serve a coalitional function. Specifically, fringe and offensive statements such as conspiracy theories are expected to send a highly credible signal of coalition membership by clearly distinguishing the speaker’s group from other groups. A key implication of this theory is that cognitive systems designed for alliance detection should intuitively interpret the endorsement of conspiracy theories as coalitional cues. To our knowledge, no previous studies have empirically investigated this claim. Taking the domain of environmental policy as our case, we examine the hypothesis that beliefs framed in a conspiratorial manner act as more efficient coalitional markers of environmental position than similar but non-conspiratorial beliefs. To test this prediction, quota sampled American participants (total N = 2462) completed two pre-registered Who-Said-What experiments where we measured if participants spontaneously categorize targets based on their environmental position, and if this categorization process is enhanced by the use of a conspiratorial frame. We find firm evidence that participants categorize by environmental position, but no evidence that the use of conspiratorial statements increases categorization strength and thus serves a coalitional function.
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Mallampalli, Chandra. „“A Fondness for Military Display”: Conquest and Intrigue in South India during the First Anglo-Afghan War, 1839–40“. Journal of Asian Studies 77, Nr. 1 (11.01.2018): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911817001280.
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As the East India Company prepared for its First Anglo-Afghan War (1839–42), its officials grew suspicious of a Muslim uprising within British India. They became convinced that itinerant Muslim reformers—mislabeled “Wahhabis”—were inciting princes of India's Deccan region to rebellion. This article describes how the very talk of this “Wahhabi conspiracy” not only triggered the interventionist impulses of the colonial state, but also inspired local intrigues associated with the downfall of two Indo-Afghan princes of the Deccan, Kurnool's Ghulam Rasul Khan and Udayagiri's Abbas Ali Khan. In both cases a preoccupation with the transnational Wahhabi operative masked local and sometimes petty interests, which drove the politics of these smaller regimes. The case studies of Kurnool and Udayagiri illustrate how news of events arising in one region of imperial conflict could “travel” to remote regions of India's Deccan, evolving into conspiracy narratives along the way. The discourse of conspiracy provided a pretext for military action and the annexation of territory. The story being told, however, is not simply about paranoid colonial officers who were all too eager to intervene, but is also about local entrepreneurs who knew how to exploit the situation toward their own ends.
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Syrovátka, Jonáš. „Czech Conspiracy Websites as Agents of Illiberalism: Case study of Parliamentary Elections 2021“. CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL FOR CONTEMPORARY RELIGION 5, Nr. 1 (14.08.2023): 25–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/25704893.2023.2.
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In the past several years, conspiracy websites emerged as relevant actors in Czech uncivil society. The article uses the lens of the concept of illiberalism to explain their ideological position, relation to the liberal democratic system and understanding of politics. The analysis of their reporting about the Czech Parliamentary elections 2021 allowed the article to uncover their allies and enemies and describe the role they want to play in Czech politics.
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Swain, Tony. „The Mother Earth Conspiracy: an Australian Episode1“. Numen 38, Nr. 1 (1991): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852791x00024.
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AbstractIt has become almost a truism in Religious Studies that not only is the belief in a Mother Earth universal but also that this is amongst the most ancient and primordial of all human religious conceptions. Olof Pettersson has criticized the validity of this assumption as a comparative category, whilst Sam Gill has demonstrated the problem in applying the paradigm to Native American traditions. This article extends their re-examination of Mother Earth, taking the particularly revealing case of the Australian Aborigines. It is shown that those academics advocating an Aboriginal Mother Earth have clearly taken this leap beyond the ethnographic evidence with a Classical image in mind, and with either theological or ecologist agendas influencing their thinking. It is further revealed that this scholarly construct has, in only the last decade or so, been internalised and accepted by Aboriginal people themselves. Far from being an ancient belief, it is argued that Mother Earth is a mythic being who has arisen out of a colonial context and who has been co-created by White Australians, academics and Aborigines. Her contours in fact only take shape against a colonial background, for she is a symbolic manifestation of an "otherness" against which Westerners have defined themselves: the autochthonous and female deity of indigenous people against the allegedly world-defiling patriarchy of Western ideology.
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Chembe, Christopher, Alick Banda, Josephat Kalezhi und Douglas Kunda. „5G Awareness and its Link to COVID-19: Case of Zambians with Access to Internet“. Zambia ICT Journal 5, Nr. 1 (11.06.2021): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33260/zictjournal.v5i1.101.
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Fifth Generation (5G) mobile cellular networks are envisaged to provide for high data rates and very low delay to support a lot of applications. However, its deployment has been met with a lot of resistance from some members of the public in various countries around the globe. This resistance has been exacerbated by the onset of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which has since been named COVID-19. Since the beginning of December2019, COVID-19 has spread rapidly around the world with increased discussions on the topic across various online platforms. Due to the nature of these online platforms, misinformation is greatly shared and it becomes difficult for policy makers to implement measures that could save lives. For example, there have been conspiracy theories that were circulating on social media platforms perpetuating that radiation from 5G towers are linked with symptoms associated with COVID-19. This information led to some people burning 5G towers in certain countries. Basic awareness of 5G technology and its related health concerns should be made available to the general public. Therefore, this research highlights general health concerns about 5G technology based on various research conducted. Furthermore, the paper presents results from an online survey with a total of 258 respondents. Results show that 67% of respondents are aware of 5G technology and most users get there information from online social media platforms (about 78%). About 62% of respondents have heard the conspiracy theories linking 5G to COVID-19 symptoms, however, only 14.3% believe the conspiracy. Interestly, 57.8% think coronavirus originated from the laboratory and 47.3% think the COVID-19 pandemic was planned by certain pharmaceutical corporations and government agencies to depopulate the world. Additionally, 43% of respondents think there is no good reason for the current lock-down by various governments. Results also shows that there is no link between 5G and COVID-19 as far as health issues are concerned.