Bücher: „Consent non-consent“

1

Estlund, David. The tyranny of non-consent. [Toronto, Ont.]: Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 2003.

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2

Non-Insured Health Benefits Program (Canada). First Nations and Inuit Health Branch: Non-Insured Health Benefits Program : consent pamphlet and consent form. [Ottawa]: Health Canada, 2003.

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3

Youssef, Karim. Consent in context: Fulfilling the promise of international arbitration ; multiparty, multi-contract, and non-contract arbitration. 2. Aufl. Eagan, MN: Thomson/West, 2011.

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4

Youssef, Karim. Consent in context: Fulfilling the promise of international arbitration : multiparty, multi-contract, and non-contract arbitration. 2. Aufl. Eagan, MN: West, 2009.

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5

Power, South Coast. Environmental statement: Non technical summary for the construction of the gas pipeline to Shoreham Power Station : application for planning consent. Brighton: South Coast Power, 1997.

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6

Colling, Trevor. 'In a state of bliss, there is no need for a ministry of bliss.': Non-unionism, power and consent in the American business system. Leicester: De Montfort University, Leicester Business School, 2001.

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7

Lemeshko, Boris. Nonparametric consent criteria. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2058731.

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The monograph discusses the application of nonparametric criteria of agreement (Kolmogorov, Cooper, Kramer-Mises -Smirnov, Watson, Anderson -Darling, Zhang) when testing simple and complex hypotheses. The appendix contains tables containing percentage points and statistical distribution models necessary for the correct use of criteria when testing simple and, most importantly, various complex hypotheses. In comparison with the first edition, more attention is paid to the application of criteria in non-standard application conditions, in particular for the analysis of large samples. It is shown that in applications, the properties of criteria can change significantly due to the presence of rounding errors, and this must be taken into account when forming statistical conclusions. Following the recommendations in data analysis will ensure the correctness of statistical conclusions and increase their validity. It is designed for specialists who, in one way or another, face issues of statistical data analysis, processing of experimental results, the use of statistical methods to analyze various aspects and trends of the surrounding reality in their activities. It will be useful for engineers, researchers, specialists of various profiles (physicians, biologists, sociologists, economists, etc.), university teachers, graduate students and students.

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8

United States. Dept. of Defense. Office of the Secretary of Defense. und National Defense Research Institute (U.S.), Hrsg. Military use of drugs not yet approved by the FDA for CW/BW defense: Lessons from the Gulf War. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 1999.

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9

Price, Ilene B. The ABC's of Non-Consent. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018.

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10

Emmers-Sommer. Exploring Sexual (Non)consent in Personal Relationships. Routledge, 2009.

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11

Emmers-Sommer. Exploring Sexual (Non)consent in Personal Relationships. Routledge, 2009.

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12

Rettig, Richard. Waiving Informed Consent: Military Use of Non-FDA-Approved Drugs in Combat. RAND Corporation, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.7249/rb7534.

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13

Ray, Sumantra (Shumone), Sue Fitzpatrick, Rajna Golubic, Susan Fisher und Sarah Gibbings, Hrsg. Informed consent in a research setting. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608478.003.0009.

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Informed consent is a legal requirement for all clinical trials conducted on human subjects. This chapter summarises the process for obtaining consent for non-clinical trial research and goes on to describe the more highly regulated consent process for clinical trials in investigational medicinal products (CTIMPs). The chapter defines consent and discusses the requirements for consent in capable adults. The process for CTIMP studies is outlined together with the required elements of consent to be documented in the patient information sheet and the process to be followed with withdrawal of consent is also described. Consent, assent and the concept of legal representatives in vulnerable groups is discussed including children and incapacitated adults. How to assess capacity is described along with consent in emergency situations. Formally documenting the consent process and how the information is given to the patient is vital. The role of the research team in consent is outlined. The investigator is advised to describe the process of consent and should identify which registered health professionals will undertake the process. In some situations a medically qualified person will be required to determine eligibility prior to enrolment, to discuss the study and assess capacity if necessary. A participant's decision to consent for research may be influenced by 'the research culture' in the country or the health care setting. Transparency and providing information continuously to participants throughout the study will re-assure them and reaffirm their willingness to continue.

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14

Veerakatty, Vijitha. Arbitrary Withholding of Consent to Humanitarian Relief in Non-International Armed Conflict: Legal Regulations and Consequences. BRILL, 2024.

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15

Stavros L, Brekoulakis. Part II Legal Bases for Third-Party Claims II: Implied Consent and Non-Signatory Theories, 4 The Doctrine of Arbitral Estoppel. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199572083.003.0004.

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16

Stavros L, Brekoulakis. Part II Legal Bases for Third-Party Claims II: Implied Consent and Non-Signatory Theories, 5 The Doctrine of Group of Companies. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199572083.003.0005.

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17

Little Stranger: A Dark Taboo Romance. Independent, 2023.

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18

Stavros L, Brekoulakis. Part II Legal Bases for Third-Party Claims II: Implied Consent and Non-Signatory Theories, 6 Critique on the ‘Non-Signatory Theories’ and the Contractual Approach to Third Parties. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780199572083.003.0006.

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19

Ramers, Christian B. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Trials, Institutional Review Boards, Informed Consent, and Financial Conflicts of Interest. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0052.

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Ethics and conflicts of interest are important considerations when planning and carrying out research. It is the role of the institutional review board to weigh these against protection of the research subject when evaluating research proposals. The ethical considerations when performing research include basic ethical principles (e.g., autonomy, confidentiality, non-maleficence, informed consent, beneficence, justice, and utility), as well as nuances such as appropriate study designs, investigator conflict of interests, and bias in all its forms. To help guide clinicians, a number of professional and governmental organizations have published guidelines and recommendations on various aspects of clinical research (e.g., the American Medical Association, the National Institutes of Health, and the US Food and Drug Administration).

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20

Stuart, Casey-Maslen, Clapham Andrew, Giacca Gilles und Parker Sarah. Art.19 Dispute Settlement. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198723523.003.0023.

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This chapter analyses Article 19 of the ATT. The article establishes the process by which disputes between two or more states parties regarding the interpretation or application of the treaty should be settled. States parties are obliged to consult to pursue settlement of any such dispute. Beyond this, all peaceful means of dispute settlement are only obligatory to the extent that the concerned states parties mutually consent to the means in question. Paragraph 1 of the article obliges states parties to consult, and, by mutual consent, to co-operate to settle any dispute that may arise between them with regard to interpretation or application of the treaty. A non-exhaustive list of possible dispute settlement mechanisms is provided: negotiation, mediation, conciliation, judicial settlement, and other peaceful means.

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21

The Marriage Debt. Independent, 2022.

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22

Halloween Haunt: An Erotic Short Story. Independent, 2019.

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23

Agarwal, Anil, Neil Borley und Greg McLatchie. General surgery. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199608911.003.0001.

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This chapter covers topics a surgical trainee will find useful. Preoperative assessment covers ASA Grades, NICE guidance, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPEX), P-POSSUM. Preoperative medication review covers medications to continue, and medications to be stopped. Consent details test of materiality, Montgomery vs Lanarkshire Health Board, adults who lack capacity, best interests, Advanced Directive, Living Will, Lasting Power of Attorney, Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA), Gillick Competency, delegation of consent, and consent forms. Surgical site infections (SSIs), NICE guideline on antibiotic prophylaxis, and venous thromboembolism (VTE). The WHO surgery checklist explains team brief, sign in, time out, sign out, debrief. Types of skin preparation—chlorhexadine, betadine. Absorbable, non-absorbable sutures, synthetic, biological meshes. Enhanced recovery, day surgery. Diathermy, ultrasound devices, lasers. Duty of candour. Open and close midline laparotomy incision, induction of pneumoperitoneum, diagnostic laparoscopy. Lichtenstein, totally extraperitoneal (TEP), transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP), Lockwood, Lothiesen, McEvedy femoral hernia repair, ventral and incisional hernia repair, excision biopsy, abscess incision and drainage, ingrowing toenails.

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24

Volenti Non Fit Iniuria - Die Einwilligung Im Privatrecht (Jus Privatum) (German Edition). Mohr Siebeck, 2002.

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25

Hermanson, Chrisantha. Scrutinizing Intentions. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812852.003.0008.

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Most humanitarian interventions are suspected of having secondary, non-humanitarian motives. This chapter interrogates whether, and when, the presence of some such secondary motive counts against an intervention morally. The problematic cases are those in which secondary motives lead the intervening power to take actions beyond what are necessary to achieve the stated humanitarian purpose of the intervention. While the intended beneficiaries of any humanitarian intervention can be assumed to consent to its primary aim of rescuing them, they cannot be assumed to consent to these additional actions taken in pursuit of secondary, non-altruistic ambitions. The chapter also considers abuses that might take place in the aftermath of intervention, during post-atrocity reconstruction. The central concern here is with offers of aid or loans for reconstruction that are conditional on imposed criteria.

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26

Herring, Jonathan. 5. Non-fatal offences against the person. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198815150.003.0005.

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Each Concentrate revision guide is packed with essential information, key cases, revision tips, exam Q&As, and more. Concentrates show you what to expect in a law exam, what examiners are looking for, and how to achieve extra marks. This chapter examines the five principal non-fatal offences against the person: assault and battery (the common assaults) and the offences under ss 47, 20, and 18 Offences Against the Person Act 1861 (OAPA). The victim’s consent may negate the offence, but whether or not it does depends to a great extent on the type of crime, what the victim knows, the extent of the harm which is caused, and matters of public policy. Stalking and harassment may amount to a crime in certain circumstances. Four of the principal assaults are aggravated if the crime committed is motivated by religious or racial hatred.

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27

Losers: Part II. ‎Harley Laroux Publications, 2022.

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28

Monaghan, Nicola. 7. Non-fatal offences against the person. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811824.003.0007.

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Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams, and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. This chapter first discusses the five main non-fatal offences against the person: assault (also referred to as ‘common assault’); battery; assault occasioning actual bodily harm; maliciously wounding or inflicting grievous bodily harm; and wounding or causing grievous bodily harm with intent. It also examines the defence of consent, and the two poisoning offences which are indictable only: maliciously administering poison or a noxious thing so as to endanger life or inflict grievous bodily harm under s.23 of the Offences Against the Person Act 1861; and maliciously administering poison or a noxious thing with intent to injure, aggrieve, or annoy, contrary to s.24 of the same Act.

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29

Curtis A, Bradley. 2 Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190217761.003.0002.

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This chapter considers the status of treaties within the U.S. legal system. The focus is on international agreements concluded through the senatorial advice and consent process specified in Article II of the Constitution. The chapter describes that process, including the Senate’s ability to condition its consent through reservations and other qualifications. It also discusses the role of treaties as supreme law of the land, including the situations in which treaties will be considered “self-executing” and “non–self-executing,” as well as the later-in-time relationship of treaties to federal statutes. The chapter also discusses the relationship of treaties to constitutional limitations concerning the separation of powers and federalism, including the implications of the Supreme Court’s 1920 decision in Missouri v. Holland. The chapter concludes with a consideration of how the United States terminates treaties.

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30

Roscini, Marco. International Law and the Principle of Non-Intervention. Oxford University PressOxford, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786894.001.0001.

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Abstract The principle of non-intervention in the domestic affairs of states is one of the most venerable principles of international law but the determination of its exact content has remained an enigma that has haunted generations of international lawyers. This book solves this problem and identifies what the principle of non-intervention specifically prohibits, and what it does not. The principle in question is strictly linked to some fundamental notions of international law, such as sovereignty, use of force, and self-determination: its study, therefore, is of great significance as it offers a fascinating opportunity to explore the macrostructures of international law. Through a comprehensive survey of primary documents, as well as through an extensive evaluation of state practice and literature search, the book provides a systematic and coherent analysis of the principle of non-intervention. The first two chapters tell the story of the principle of non-intervention throughout the centuries up to the present day. Chapters III and IV focus on theory and identify what coercion of state means, what forms of coercion (armed, economic, political subversive) can constitute an unlawful intervention, and the role played by consent in this context. Chapters V, VI, and VII explore the interactions of the principle of non-intervention with other fundamental principles of contemporary international law, namely the principle of internal and external self-determination and the respect for international human rights law and international humanitarian law. Finally, Chapter VIII investigates whether and when cyber operations can constitute an unlawful intervention in the domestic affairs of other states.

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31

Rady, Mohamed Y., und Ari R. Joffe. Non-heart-beating organ donation. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0390.

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The transplantation community endorses controlled and uncontrolled non-heart-beating organ donation (NHBD) to increase the supply of transplantable organs at end of life. Cardiac arrest must occur within 1–2 hours after the withdrawal of life-support in controlled NHBD. Uncontrolled NHBD is performed after failed cardiopulmonary resuscitation in an unexpected witnessed cardiac arrest. Donor management aims to protect transplantable organs against warm ischaemic injury through the optimization of haemodynamics and mechanical ventilation. This also requires antemortem instrumentation and systemic anticoagulation for organ perseveration in controlled NHBD. Interval support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation or cardiopulmonary bypass is generally required for optimal organ perfusion and oxygenation in uncontrolled NHBD, which remains a controversial medical practice. There are several unresolved ethical challenges. The circulatory criterion of 2–10 minutes of absent arterial pulse does not comply with the uniform determination of death criterion of the irreversible cessation of functions of the cardiovascular or central nervous systems. There are no robust safeguards in clinical practice that can prevent faulty prognostication, and premature withdrawal of treatment or termination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Unmanaged conflicting interests of increasing the supply of transplantable organs can have serious consequences on the medical care of potentially salvageable patients. Perimortem interventions can interfere with the delivery of an optimal quality of end-of-life care. The lack of disclosure of these NHBD ethical controversies does not uphold the moral obligation for an informed consent.

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32

Goebel, Stefan. Societies at War, 1914–1918. Herausgegeben von Nicholas Doumanis. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199695669.013.3.

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This essay explores how Europeans experienced the First World War. Consent in wartime was generated from the bottom up rather than choreographed by the state. Civil society and commercial mass entertainment played a vital role in sustaining morale among civilians and the troops. Far from being alienated from each other, people in and out of uniform remained in constant communication. Moreover, the drive towards ‘total war’ broke down the barrier between military and non-military spheres and transformed enemy civilians into targets and one’s own civilians into an important resource. Atrocities were committed, people at the home front attacked from the air, civilians forced to flee their homes, soldiers brutalized and prisoners of war maltreated; and yet, the war cannot be described as an unmitigated demographic catastrophe. To be sure, it left a legacy of mass bereavement and a memory culture that endured long beyond the caesura of 1918.

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33

Lights Out. Quercus, 2024.

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34

Lights Out: An into Darkness Novel. Zando, 2024.

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35

Kristen, Boon. 7 Immunity, 7.6 Prewitt Enterprises, Inc. v Org. of Petroleum Exporting Countries , 353 F.3d 916 (11th Cir. 2003). Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198743620.003.0045.

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This case addresses effective service of process of an international organization by a non-member state. The United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit relied upon the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (FRCP) because the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) did not fall within the purview of the International Organizations Immunities Act (IOIA) and no other applicable treaty existed regarding the treatment of the OPEC in a United States domestic court. The decision’s reliance upon FRCP and application of foreign law resulted in the inability of the plaintiffs to bring a claim against the OPEC without its express consent.

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36

Vallentyne, Peter. Neurointerventions, Self-Ownership, and Enforcement Rights. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758617.003.0007.

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Individuals who have not intruded, and who do not risk intruding, upon the rights of others, normally are wronged by harmful non-consensual neurointerventions. Nonetheless, this chapter argues that neurointerventions sometimes do not wrong the intervenee; namely, when (1) suitably valid consent has been given by the intervenee, or (2) the intervenee risks non-rightfully intruding upon the rights of others and the intervention is proportionate and necessary for suitably reducing the intrusion-harms she imposes, or (3) the intervenee is not psychologically autonomous and the intervention is in her interests. Moreover, in the second case, it wrongs an individual to impose harmful non-consensual alternatives to neurointerventions (such as incarceration) when they impose greater intrusion-harm on the individual and do not achieve a greater reduction in the relevant intrusion-harm she imposes.

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37

Avis, Paul. Anglican Conciliarism. Herausgegeben von Mark Chapman, Sathianathan Clarke und Martyn Percy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218561.013.51.

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The chapter begins by outlining the distinctive ecclesiology of the Anglican Communion and the structures of consultation that form its polity. Among the four so-called Instruments of Communion, the Conference of Bishops which originally met at the Archbishop of Canterbury’s palace at Lambeth, is selected for special consideration and set in the context of the conciliar tradition of the church, with its principles of constitutionality, representation and consent. The non-coercive but persuasive authority of the Lambeth Conference, at which the Archbishop of Canterbury presides, is related to the role of the episcopate in the church and finally the future of the conference is considered.

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38

Goldmann, Matthias. Sources in the Meta-Theory of International Law. Herausgegeben von Samantha Besson und Jean d’Aspremont. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198745365.003.0022.

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This chapter endeavours to identify common assumptions characterizing the sources doctrine in international law. Those are: the autonomy of international law from politics, morality, economics, etc.; the focus on binding, enforceable rules; and State consent as the source of legitimacy of international law. Today, each of these assumptions is being challenged. To address these challenges, the chapter proposes to further develop the sources theory. It elaborates the concept of principles of international law (as they ensure international law’s autonomy), a concept of authority (as non-binding acts may have similar effects as binding law), and to distinguish international legal rules (or authoritative acts) which require democratic legitimacy from those which do not.

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39

Paris, Elena. International Law-making and Metaphysical Foundations of Universality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805878.003.0017.

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This chapter investigates the oppressive operation of the universal in international law and suggests that we might look for the origin of a foundational type of thinking, noticeable both in naturalism and in positivism, in the way metaphysics was conceived in the West. It proposes that Christos Yannaras’ specific interpretation of Christian theology could be a source of inspiration for an alternative way of conceiving metaphysics, which is able to offer a non-foundational, fluid understanding of grounds. It results in a theological argument that supports the plea to take seriously consent as the basis for international law-making without dropping the aspiration towards universality, an important issue to be addressed by the contemporary constitutionalizing global order.

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40

Freeden, Michael. Concealed Silences and Inaudible Voices in Political Thinking. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198833512.001.0001.

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Abstract This book investigates silence as a normal, ubiquitous, and indispensable element of political thinking, theory, and language. It explores the diverse dimensions in which silences mould the different core features of the political—by summoning up finality, by contributing to rendering support for communities or withholding it, by processing consent or dissent, by the manner in which it secures continuities or generates ruptures, and by its role in shaping national time, public memory, and collective identity. Not least, silence is a highly flexible power resource, both enabling and constraining major social practices, traditions, and currents. The emphasis of this study is primarily on the concealed, unintentional, and unrecognized ways through which silence pervades socio-political life, departing from the typical focus on intentional silencing and the dominance of logos. Instead, silence adopts the guises of the unspeakable, the ineffable, the inarticulable, and the unconceptualizable. En route, silence is juxtaposed with stillness, absence contrasted with lack, agency set against undetected conventions, and the veiled paired with the wondrous. Drawing extensively from historical, philosophical, anthropological, psychoanalytical, theological, linguistic, and literary viewpoints, the book demonstrates the common threads that connect silences to those different disciplines, alongside the features that pull them asunder. In extracting and decoding their political implications, it explores both academic literature and colloquial, everyday discourse. Selected case studies elaborating the overall analysis include topics such as Buddhist non-dualism, Locke’s tacit consent, the submerging of historical narratives, state neutrality, Pinter’s miscommunications and menace, and the separate ways ideologies integrate silence into their beliefs.

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41

Markus, Hugh, Anthony Pereira und Geoffrey Cloud. Ethical issues in stroke care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198737889.003.0017.

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The chapter on ethical issues in stroke care sets out an ethical framework incorporating patient autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice to inform patient-centred stroke care. It covers a broad range of legal information as relevant to stroke care in the United Kingdom such as the European Law of Human Rights, The Human Rights Act 1998, The Mental Capacity Act (MCA) 2007, and Deprivation of Liberty safeguards (DoLS). It covers widely applicable guidance around consent, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, artificial nutrition and hydration, and withholding treatment and withdrawing medical treatment. A section is included to review the various types of Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness which are rare but devastating complication of stroke. An approach to end of life or palliative care in the stroke patient is also discussed.

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42

Gad, Heba, Daniel Bateman und Paul E. Holtzheimer. Neurostimulation Therapies, Side Effects, Risks, and Benefits. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199374656.003.0016.

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Neurostimulation therapies are an alternative for non-responders to pharmacological or psychotherapy management, as well as when first-line treatments are contraindicated for treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders in the elderly. Brain stimulation treatments for neuropsychiatric disorders include the following FDA approved treatments for major depressive disorder: electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which remains one of the most effective therapies for several neuropsychiatric disorders; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS); and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Deep brain stimulation (DBS);magnetic seizure therapy (MST); transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS); and direct cortical stimulation (DCS) are not currently FDA approved. These techniques are reviewed in this chapter with special attention to their application in older adults. Medicolegal issues of informed consent and substituted decisions for procedures are also discussed.

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43

Image-Based Sexual Abuse: A Study on the Causes and Consequences of Non-Consensual Nude or Sexual Imagery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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44

Johnson, Kelly, Nicola Henry, Anastasia Powell, Asher Flynn und Clare Mcglynn. Image-Based Sexual Abuse: A Study on the Causes and Consequences of Non-Consensual Nude or Sexual Imagery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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45

Johnson, Kelly, Nicola Henry, Anastasia Powell, Asher Flynn und Clare Mcglynn. Image-Based Sexual Abuse: A Study on the Causes and Consequences of Non-Consensual Nude or Sexual Imagery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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46

Johnson, Kelly, Nicola Henry, Anastasia Powell, Asher Flynn und Clare Mcglynn. Image-Based Sexual Abuse: A Study on the Causes and Consequences of Non-Consensual Nude or Sexual Imagery. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.

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47

Curtis A, Bradley. 3 Executive Agreements. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190217761.003.0003.

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This chapter considers the status in the U.S. legal system of “executive agreements”—that is, international agreements concluded by the United States outside of the senatorial advice and consent process specified in Article II of the Constitution. After describing the substantial growth during the twentieth century in the number of executive agreements, the chapter focuses in particular on congressional-executive agreements and sole executive agreements. It also considers the extent to which executive agreements are interchangeable with Article II treaties for purposes of domestic law, with respect to the preemption of state law, displacement of federal statutes, and federalism limitations. The chapter further discusses the President’s long-standing use of executive agreements for the settlement of international claims. It concludes with a discussion of the growing phenomenon of non-binding “political” or “soft law” agreements.

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48

Jappelli, Tullio, und Luigi Pistaferri. Conclusions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199383146.003.0015.

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The final chapter summarizes the material covered by the book, offering our perspectives on areas of consent, disagreement, and future research. The book analyzes how consumers respond to changes in their economic environment and react to risks they face during the life cycle. In addressing these issues, the basic life-cycle permanent-income model is augmented with other significant features of consumers’ preferences and environment: precautionary motives for saving, borrowing constraints, life span uncertainty, intergenerational transfers, non-separability between consumption and leisure, habits, and financial sophistication. By and large, one can reconcile some puzzling facts present in the empirical data by means of relatively modest modifications of the basic version of the model, such as provision for home production and non-separable preferences between consumption and leisure. However, in order to explain other “anomalies” and “puzzles” observed in individuals’ actual saving and financial behaviors, more important modifications to the standard framework are required.

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Kritzman-Amir, Tally. Community Interests in International Migration and Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198825210.003.0018.

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This chapter takes a closer look at some of the main components of international refugee law and some of the recent European practices in order to see how they resonate the notion of community obligation and convey a commitment to the common protection of human rights, in a way that deviates from a purely consent-based conception of the norms. It addresses four main points: (1) a broad interpretation of the definition of refugee in the convention relating to the status of refugees as an expression of a notion of community obligation; (2) non-refoulement as an expression of a notion of community obligation; (3) the duty to refrain from rejecting asylum-seekers at the border as an expression of a notion of community obligation; and (4) responsibility sharing as an expression of a community obligation.

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Robillard, Julie M., und Emily Wight. Communicating about the brain in the digital era. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786832.003.0028.

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Neuroscience communication is at a turning point, with tremendous opportunity for growth and democratization. The rise of the web and social media as platforms for dissemination of research findings and stakeholder engagement presents both unique opportunities and critical ethical considerations. Online- and mobile-based information and services for brain health may enhance the autonomy of users in health decision-making. However, nonadherence to ethical norms, such as informed consent and conflict of interest by digital content creators, may lead to harm. The challenges of communicating neuroscience in the digital era will require the rejection of the traditional top-down dissemination of research findings by the science community. Communicators must embrace participatory communication models, frame science in non-sensationalized, lay-friendly terms, improve the ethics of online resources and web users’ ability to assess the quality of information and source material, and educate scientists in the importance of transparency and public engagement.

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Bücher zum Thema „Consent non-consent“

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