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Tsiskaridze, Nestan. "Conflict resolution." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/conflict-resolution(78bbfd88-0b35-433d-8aed-3e735ec0dd40).html.
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This thesis proposes a new method for solving systems of linear constraints over the rational and real numbers (or, equivalently, linear programming) - the conflict resolution method. The method is a new approach to a classic problem in mathematics and computer science, that has been known since the 19th century. The problem has a wide range of real-life applications of increasing importance in both academic and industrial areas. Although, the problem has been a subject of intensive research for the past two centuries only a handful of methods had been developed for solving it. Consequently, new results in this field may be of particular value, not mentioning the development of new approaches. The motivation of our research did not arise solely from the field of linear programming, but rather was instantiated from problems of Satisfiability Modulo Theories (or shortly SMT). SMT is a new and rapidly developing branch of automated reasoning dedicated to reasoning in first-order logic with (combination) of various theories, such as, linear real and integer arithmetic, theory of arrays, equality and uninterpreted functions, and others. The role of linear arithmetic in solving SMT problems is very significant, since a considerable part of SMT problems arising from real-life applications involve theories of linear real and integer arithmetic. Reasoning on such instances incorporates reasoning in linear arithmetic. Our research spanned the fields of SMT and linear programming. We propose a method, that is not only used for solving linear programming problems, but also is well-suited to SMT framework. Namely, there are certain requirements imposed on theory reasoners when they are integrated in SMT solving. Our conflict resolution method possesses all the attributes necessary for integration into SMT. As the experimental evaluation of the method has shown, the method is very promising and competitive to the existing ones.
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Shalash, Fatimah. "SIBLING CONFLICT RESOLUTION STYLES AND MARITAL CONFLICT RESOLUTION STYLES." UKnowledge, 2011. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/109.
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This study used qualitative methods to examine if there was a connection between conflict resolution styles used with siblings in adolescence and conflict resolution styles utilized in current romantic committed relationships. The Conflict Resolution Behavior Questionnaire (Reese-Weber, & Bartle-Haring, 2003) and Gottman‟s (1994a, 1994b) couple-conflict types as adapted by Holman and Jarvis (2003) were administered to 144 participants through an online questionnaire. Analysis of the CRBQ using a multiple regression indicated participant‟s self-rating of compromise, attack, and avoidant conflict resolution styles used with siblings when an adolescent predicted current self-ratings of compromise, attack, and avoidant conflict resolution styles utilized in current romantic relationships.
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Stilwell, Carolyn Anne. "Conflict and conflict resolution in Bolivia." Online access for everyone, 2007. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2007/C_Stilwell_042707.pdf.
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Matei, Floriana Cristiana. "NATO and conflict resolution." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44506.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited<br>Since the end of the Cold War, the Balkan Peninsula has been witnessing various conflicts. The Former Republic of Yugoslavia has become a theater of atrocious confrontations between people with common history and traditions. The wars in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo, two components of the Former Republic of Yugoslavia, have entailed the involvement of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the multinational efforts to stop violence in this region. Since 1990, NATO's new objectives are reducing the risk of conflict, building increased mutual understanding and confidence among all European states, helping to manage crises affecting the security of the Allies, and expanding the opportunities for a genuine partnership among all European countries in dealing with common security problems. This thesis describes the characteristics of conflict and conflict resolution, with an emphasis on the factors that make a third party intervention in conflict "ideal." It will elaborate on NATO's diplomatic efforts to resolve conflict situations, providing an overview, analysis and evaluation of NATO's intervention as a third party in the conflicts in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo. Emphasis will be placed on whether or not NATO meets the factors/criteria for an "ideal third party."
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Lin, Chiahung Jessica 1970. "Conflict resolution under uncertainty." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289589.
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Rubinstein's alternating offer bargaining model is extended to uncertain situations. When the players do not have complete information on the feasible payoff set, the bargaining is based on the players' own estimations on the Pareto frontier. It has been proved that there always exists a unique stationary fictitious subgame perfect equilibrium (SPE) if the estimates of the Pareto frontier are close to each other. Monotonicity and convergence properties of the stationary subgame perfect equilibria (SPEs) are next examined. It has been shown that the convergence of the disagreement payoff vector and the break-down probabilities implies the convergence of the SPEs as well. The controllability of the resulting dynamic systems is examined and it is shown that by selecting an appropriate disagreement payoff vector and a break-down probability, any desired outcome or maximize payoffs can be reached. The bargaining processes with time-varying Pareto frontiers are also analyzed. Four examples are provided to illustrate how to use the general model to design optimal negotiation strategy. The results of the dissertation provide schemes that can be applied to design and conduct future negotiations.
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Williams, Daniel. "Conflict Resolution: An Examination of Perceptions of Cultural Conflict Resolution Strategies in Organizations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/419.
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Conflict resolution research has resided at both the individual and group level for the many years. However, recent findings have provided evidence for the existence of conflict resolution strategies at the cultural level. As these recent findings indicate, the existence of such resolution styles at that macro level can have great implications on organizational outcomes. Therefore, the first goal of this study was to examine if these conflict resolution cultures would predict outcomes such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and psychological withdrawal behavior. Similarly, research on P-O fit has also provided some very interesting insights into employee behavior and attitudes.
Given the idiosyncratic nature of conflict resolution and the recent findings mentioned in the previous paragraph, the second goal of this study was to examine if perceptions of congruence between an individual’s resolution style and the organization’s resolution style would affect job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and psychological withdrawal behavior. Finally, it was determined that perceptions of resolution (i.e. was the conflict constructively resolved) would be an appropriate and rather informative mediating variable for the relationships proposed above.
Data was collected using a web-based survey software, which garnered 212 participants for the analysis. Evidence was found to support a majority of the proposed hypotheses. All three-conflict resolution cultures (collaborative, dominant, and avoidant) predicted the outcome variables in the directions consistent with both logic and the literature. Similarly, perceptions of resolution did mediate six of the nine proposed relationships between the resolution cultures and the outcome variables. Two of these mediation analyses were not conducted due to an insignificant initial bivariate correlation. Support was also found for all three proposed direct effects between perceptions of congruence and the proposed outcome variables. Finally, perceptions of resolution mediated the relationship between perceptions of congruence and all three-outcome variables. Again, the directions of these findings were consistent with both logic and the literature. Both the theoretical and practical implications, as well as the limitations with this study will be discussed.
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Akao, J. O. "Biblical Theological Perspective on Conflict And Conflict Resolution." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1999. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,734.
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Vela, Adan Ernesto. "Understanding conflict-resolution taskload: implementing advisory conflict-detection and resolution algorithms in an airspace." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/42920.
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From 2010 to 2030, the number of instrument flight rules aircraft operations handled by Federal Aviation Administration en route traffic centers is predicted to increase from approximately 39 million flights to 64 million flights. The projected growth in air transportation demand is likely to result in traffic levels that exceed the abilities of the unaided air traffic controller in managing, separating, and providing services to aircraft. Consequently, the Federal Aviation Administration, and other air navigation service providers around the world, are making several efforts to improve the capacity and throughput of existing airspaces. Ultimately, the stated goal of the Federal Aviation Administration is to triple the available capacity of the National Airspace System by 2025.
In an effort to satisfy air traffic demand through the increase of airspace capacity, air navigation service providers are considering the inclusion of advisory conflict-detection and resolution systems. In a human-in-the-loop framework, advisory conflict-detection and resolution decision-support tools identify potential conflicts and propose resolution commands for the air traffic controller to verify and issue to aircraft. A number of researchers and air navigation service providers hypothesize that the inclusion of combined conflict-detection and resolution tools into air traffic control systems will reduce or transform controller workload and enable the required increases in airspace capacity.
In an effort to understand the potential workload implications of introducing advisory conflict-detection and resolution tools, this thesis provides a detailed study of the conflict event process and the implementation of conflict-detection and resolution algorithms. Specifically, the research presented here examines a metric of controller taskload: how many resolution commands an air traffic controller issues under the guidance of a conflict-detection and resolution decision-support tool. The goal of the research is to understand how the formulation, capabilities, and implementation of conflict-detection and resolution tools affect the controller taskload (system demands) associated with the conflict-resolution process, and implicitly the controller workload (physical and psychological demands). Furthermore this thesis seeks to establish best practices for the design of future conflict-detection and resolution systems.
To generalize conclusions on the conflict-resolution taskload and best design practices of conflict-detection and resolution systems, this thesis focuses on abstracting and parameterizing the behaviors and capabilities of the advisory tools. Ideally, this abstraction of advisory decision-support tools serves as an alternative to exhaustively designing tools, implementing them in high-fidelity simulations, and analyzing their conflict-resolution taskload. Such an approach of simulating specific conflict-detection and resolution systems limits the type of conclusions that can be drawn concerning the design of more generic algorithms.
In the process of understanding conflict-detection and resolution systems, evidence in the thesis reveals that the most effective approach to reducing conflict-resolution taskload is to improve conflict-detection systems. Furthermore, studies in the this thesis indicate that there is significant flexibility in the design of conflict-resolution algorithms.
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Faiz, Jalal. "Politics of education, conflict and conflict resolution in Balochistan, Pakistan." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2015. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9v617/politics-of-education-conflict-and-conflict-resolution-in-balochistan-pakistan.
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Balochistan is one of the federating units (provinces) of Pakistan; it constitutes 44 % of Pakistan’s total territory and has been in a state of confrontation with the state since 1948. This is because the majority of the Baloch consider that the Pakistani state annexed their land forcibly, against the will and desire of the people. The Baloch nationalists have never accepted this annexation, and as a result the state has been facing serious crises precipitated by various factors. Ever since Pakistan’s annexation of Balochistan, there has been an on-going conflict between the Baloch (i.e., the Baloch people) and the state of Pakistan. The fact is that the conflict in Balochistan is multidimensional, including political, social and economic factors, the avarice of the Pakistani state and the grievances of the Baloch people. In order to aid an understanding of the various backgrounds to the conflict, this thesis contributes to debates on the politics of education and conflict in Pakistan’s Balochistan. I have used statistics and analysed data gathered during my fieldwork in Balochistan and Pakistan to investigate the politics of education and examine various policy frameworks, rationales and perspectives on the role of education. In order to do so, this study adopts a qualitative method and employs multiple data sources: documentary data, semi-structured interviews with twenty-eight stakeholders (in the province and country), visual data, and observations. Drawing on functionalist and conflict perspectives on the role of education, this thesis examines whether education in Balochistan is designed to empower the people or is simply used as a tool to control them. I have found that the state is not willing to educate the Baloch people; rather, it wishes to control them. There are two ways in which education in Balochistan is being used to serve the purpose of control. Firstly, the state of education in terms of its type, quality, quantity and infrastructure is considered by the majority of Baloch to be a failure of government’s strategic policy. For instance, education in Balochistan has lagged behind in various areas of government policy and decision-making. Major problems in Balochistan’s educational system include a deeply inadequate supply of textbooks, insufficient monitoring of schools, shortages of teachers and schools for both boys and girls, and insufficient funding. Secondly, many Baloch decry Pakistan’s unjust efforts to impose its culture, language and radical religious ideologies on the Baloch people. Indeed, the politics of (mis)representation of the Baloch and their history, culture and language are implemented through the state’s official textbooks. Education in Balochistan, particularly in government-run schools, is highly biased against the Baloch culture, history and social set-up, and it is thus a contributory factor in the generation of retaliatory behaviour among Baloch students. Formal education in Balochistan is structured in ways that indoctrinate children with a different language, culture and history. To many scholars, controlling education negates Baloch national aspirations and thus contributes to the conflict in Balochistan.
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Швіндіна, Ганна Олександрівна, Анна Александровна Швиндина, Hanna Oleksandrivna Shvindina, and K. Mignonne. "Conflict resolution in work place." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26199.
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Organization leaders are responsible for creating a work environment that enables people to thrive. If turf wars, disagreements and differences of opinion escalate into interpersonal conflict, manager must intervene immediately.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26199
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Bermudez, Judith Maria. "Conflict Resolution among Latino Couples." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26539.
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Conflict resolution style was examined with 191 married Latino couples residing in Houston and Dallas, Texas, representing 21 different nationalities. The purpose of this research study was to examine conflict resolution styles most predominant among the Latino couples in the sample and to examine if various demographic data correlated with the couples conflict resolution style. The dependent variables were conflict resolution style (avoidance, volatile, and validator) using Gottman's MSI (Marital Conflict Scale, 1994). Using the same items on the MSI, and direct statements about Latino's communication from the Marriage and Family Therapy literature, other dependent variables were identified (unity, harmony, autonomy, conservatism and passion) with factor analysis and content analysis. The statistically significant independent variables were religion, language, education, and country of birth. The majority of this sample identified them selves as having a validating style of conflict resolution. Clinical implications for family therapists are discussed.<br>Ph. D.
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Yassin, Ahmed. "Conflict and conflict resolution among the Swahili of Kenya." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404235.
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Talbot, Mike. "Conflict, commerce and contact : Gestalt theory and conflict resolution." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2017. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/21389/.
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Mishra, Shreyasi [Verfasser]. "Conflict Resolution Mechanisms In A Cognitive Conflict Paradigm / Shreyasi Mishra." Konstanz : Bibliothek der Universität Konstanz, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1080826688/34.
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Rhodes, Gloria. "Conflict resolution and conflict transformation practice is there a difference? /." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3418.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2008.<br>Vita: p. 253. Thesis director: Wallace Warfield. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Conflict Analysis and Resolution. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Mar. 16, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 235-252). Also issued in print.
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Nikkar-Esfahani, Hamidreza. "The Nagorno Karabakh conflict: Causes of the conflict and obstacles to conflict resolution." Doctoral thesis, University of Bradford, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4899.
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Nikkar-Esfahani, Hamidreza. "The Nagorno Karabakh Conflict : causes of the conflict and obstacles to conflict resolution." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5650.
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Since 1988, the states of Armenia and Azerbaijan have been engaged in conflict over the enclave of Nagorno Karabakh. The conflict has developed into one of the most intractable and complicated disputes in the international arena, with the main parties being the two rivalling sovereign states plus the 'unrecognised state' of Nagorno Karabakh. Despite the optimistic statements and claims by the OSCE and after many years of negotiations and talks, the peace process remains in stalemate. The research argues the virtues of Track Two diplomacy and highlights the successful instances where it has made important contributions to the 'official' or Track One diplomatic process. It also explores the potential of a 'no war no peace' situation by discerning the factors influencing the progress of the conflict. The research shows that a deeper understanding of the obstacles to peace is achieved by appreciating the significance of historical events as well as recognising the motives and interests of the different parties. The study reviews all major factors which have led to the failure of resolution efforts, particular the negative role played by Russia. It concludes that the scholars in the field of conflict resolution can bring about a lasting peace to this region, provided there is a fundamental change in the structure of the co-chairs of the OSCE.
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Ruan, Chun, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Computing and Information Technology. "Models for authorization and conflict resolution." THESIS_CSTE_CIT_Ruan_C.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/546.
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Access control is a significant issue in any secure computer system. Authorization models provide a formalism and framework for specifying and evaluating access control policies that determine how access is granted and delegated among particular users. The aim of this dissertation is to investigate flexible decentralized authorization model supporting authorization delegation, both positive and negative authorization, and conflict resolution. A graph based authorization framework is proposed which can support authorization delegations and both positive and negative authorizations. In particular, it is shown that the existing conflict resolution methods are limited when applied to decentralized authorization models and cyclic authorizations can even lead to undesirable situations. A new conflict resolution policy is then proposed, which can support well controlled delegation by giving predecessors higher priorities along the delegation path. The thesis provides a formal description of the proposed model and detailed descriptions of algorithms to implement it. The model is represented using labelled digraphs, which provide a formal basis for proving the semantic correctness of the model. A weighted graph based model is presented which allows grantors to further express degrees of certainties about their granting of authorizations. The work is further extended to consider more complex domains where subjects, objects and access rights are hierarchically structured and authorization inheritance along the hierarchies taken into account. A precise semantics is given which is based on stable model semantics, and, several important properties of delegatable authorization programs investigated. The framework provides users a reasonable method to express complex security policy. To address the many situations in which users may need to be granted or delegated authorizations for a limited period of time, a temporal decentralized authorization model is proposed in which temporal authorization delegations and negations are allowable. Proper semantic properties are further investigated. Finally, as an application, the thesis shows how the proposed authorization model can be used in a e-consent system on health data. A system architecture for e-consent is presented and different types of e-consent models discussed. The proposed model is shown to provide users a good framework for representing and evaluating these models.<br>Doctor of Philosphy (PhD)
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White, Vernon. "Restorative justice, resolution of criminal conflict." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ62042.pdf.
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Hager, Reinmar. "Evolutionary conflict resolution in animal groups." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619993.
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Smith, Mary. "Content Analysis of Conflict Resolution Curricula." UNF Digital Commons, 2012. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/399.
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Violence in schools in various forms has become recognizable. Awareness of this situation has resulted with proliferation of curricula for conflict education. The purpose of this study was to analyze conflict resolution curricula designed for five to eight year olds. The study examined three issues formulated from the review of related literature: time and space, skill building, and developmentally appropriate practices. The findings included time and physical space requirements for conflict resolution curricula, the suggested skills needed to peacefully resolve conflicts, and an evaluation of the developmentally appropriate activities in the curricula for early childhood ages 5-8.
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Oppenshaw, Derek Leonard. "Conflict resolution and reconciliation within congregations." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/63030.
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The foundational hypothesis to this study is that congregations which have a healthy
perception and a greater understanding of conflict will develop more effective responses
to conflict that will translate into more effective conflict resolution and reconciliation.
The process and sustainability of the development of a missional church, the context of
the study, is pregnant with potential conflict. Untamed conflict has the propensity to
retard, jeopardise or even destroy the development of a missional church. When
conflict arises, it must be understood and dealt with theologically. The inherent problem
is that conflict appears to be neither understood nor appreciated sociologically and
theologically. This knowledge and praxis vacuum has the potential for conflict to
translate into inappropriate or ineffective responses that do not always make for
effective resolution and reconciliation. The research focuses mainly on an empirical study based on the four practical
theological questions of Osmer (2008). Participants for this study were randomly
selected from specific sectors of Methodist congregations in the wider Pretoria area.
The research explores congregants’ perceptions, understanding and views of conflict;
their responses to conflict; and some felt and observed outcomes of conflict. The
presupposition is that the development of the local missional church would be more
effective and efficient when the management and process of conflict resolution and
reconciliation are well led and well managed. This study confirmed that conflict, despite its normalcy and necessity, carries a negative
undertone and is mostly avoided in congregations. This is compounded by the
evidence that there is little, if any, theological or scriptural understanding of conflict.
There is also no indication that churches intentionally and purposefully educate their
members to appreciate and understand conflict. In so doing, churches are harming
their innate calling as the glory and manifestation of God’s divine grace through faith
communities for the transformation of all peoples. Yet, the church understands the
dangers of unhealthy conflict, and on occasion even expects conflict to arise, although
deeming it inappropriate. Practical theological discernment is sought as to why this
may be so and remedial action is proposed to address the problem of conflict within
congregations.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2017.<br>Practical Theology<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
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Shore, Megan Kate. "Religion and conflict resolution, the liberating potential of religion in the resolution of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ60686.pdf.
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Buckley, Melina Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "The radical implications of conflict resolution -- an inquiry into the resolution of self-determination conflict without violence." Ottawa, 1988.
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Powell, J. H. "A Network-based framework for strategic conflict resolution." Thesis, Department of Defence Management and Security Analysis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3975.
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Strategic conflict in this work refers to the spectrum of co-operative and oppositional
activities in which organisations engage when their interests meet. The origin of the work
is in the management and prediction of corporate strategic conflict, but it will be seen that
there are significant similarities between corporate struggle and that of international relations.
Following a review of the nature of conflict and the characteristics of strategic decision
making, the work examines the effectiveness of three existing general approaches to conflict
modelling and management, namely
informal and qualitative methods;
general systems analysis methods;
and game theoretic approaches.
Desirable criteria for a strategic conflict management framework are derived and a framework
is then proposed which has three components: -
Setting thefuture environment
The future of the organisation is described by a network of states of nature.
Resolving the Conflict
Within each of the states which represent the future, the options for participants are
identified and the possible outcomes and interim states identified. An analysis of the
influence and power of the participants over transitions between states is carried out,
which indicates likely development paths in the conflict, from which conclusions
can be drawn about both the likely outcomes, and about the actions which should be
taken by a company to bring about preferred outcomes.
Closing the Loop
Feedback of information obtained by analysis and by contact with the real world
back into the two structures described above allows examination of the effect of
changing perspectives and the differing beliefs of participants.
The application of the framework is shown through case studies examining thejustifiability
and appropriateness of each of its elements and as a whole. These case studies cover
both small and large companies, a variety of business conflict cases, both live and retrospective
and draw on the recorded material in international relations for examples of non-
. commercial conflict.
Future development paths are identified for the concept
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Ahamefula, Okereke Pascal. "Conflict management in the workplace: case study of centro comunitário S. Cirilo (CCSC)." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4309.
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Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Empresariais<br>This research project explores the nature of conflict, the conflict process, conflict
resolution skills and conflict management techniques in the case of workplace conflict
in Centro Comunitário S. Cirilo. Conflict is a normal and natural aspect of life. Conflict
becomes a problem in organizations when excessive levels of destructive conflict occur.
Problematic levels of workplace conflict occur in approximately 10% of organizations.
Attempts to address problem levels of destructive conflict are proving ineffective. Even
in the US, Portugal and other parts of the world, where there has been widespread
implementation of ADR based workplace conflict management systems, levels of
destructive workplace conflict are raising. As ADR includes all the options to solve
conflicts, this is a troublesome trend.
A partial explanation for this is that there are many problematic areas in the theoretical
framework on workplace conflict. For example, conflict theorists are focusing efforts on
trying to consistently achieve win-win outcomes with conflicts that have become
escalated and destructive, despite the evidence that once conflict has reached this point,
win-win outcomes are unlikely to be achieved. The theoretical chapter gives an
overview of sources and discusses types of conflict, conflict resolution skills and
conflict management techniques.
A semi-structured interview was used to reach both target groups: people that live and
come in contact with the Center for psycho-social help, as well as the staff who are
working in Centro Comunitário S. Cirilo (CCSC). We used in-depth interviews to reach
the staff while using focus group discussion (FGD) to target other people who live and
go for psycho-social help in the centre. During the interview a total of 23 people were
reached: five staff and eighteen persons who live and come in contact with the Center.
The results were analyzed using a Colaizzi's process for phenomenological data analysis
approach. Open coding identified significant inconsistency and themes between much
of what the conflict literature claimed and what was actually being experienced by
workers, managers and other conflict professionals. The theoretical framework identifies the following as factors that contribute to destructive conflict in workplace:
power, gender, culture and organizational culture.
The conclusions of this research are that managers at Centro Communitário S. Cirilo
(CCSC) are quite familiar with the conflict resolution process and the majority of them
apply conflict resolution techniques. It is easy to achieve a win-win outcome when it
comes to a person who lives in the Center with negotiation mediation and reconciliation
but among the employees it is always difficult to achieve that because of tension and
friction associated with their workplace.
Finally, the research findings showed that the individuals holding the ultimate power in
organizations, who are usually the CEOs/Directors, should be made personally
responsible for the levels of conflict in their organizations. Potential implications of this
research are that it has identified a theory that may help reduce problem levels of
destructive workplace conflict both in Centro Comunitário S. Cirilo (CCSC) and in
other countries experiencing the same workplace conflict dynamics.
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Sharma, Renu. "The Mizoram Peace Accord : conflict and resolution." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IEPP0012.
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La thèse est une étude du conflit du Mizoram (1966-1986) et de sa résolution subséquente par un accord de paix. Il examine comment s'est déroulée la lutte pour l'autodétermination d'un groupe tribal ethno-nationaliste, comment la puissance de l'État a été utilisée pour endiguer l'une des insurrections les plus violentes et les plus sanglantes du pays et comment les efforts du gouvernement et de la société ont assuré un règlement du conflit, le premier du genre dans l'Inde indépendante postcoloniale. Il examine les efforts déployés au sein de la société Mizo elle-même pour élaborer un agenda pour la paix. Cette recherche compare également la trajectoire différente de l'accord de paix Mizo avec les accords signés par l'État indien à peu près à la même époque avec des groupes dissidents armés dans deux autres états de l'Union Indienne, le Punjab (24 juillet 1985) et l'Assam (15 août 1985). Dans chaque cas, les résultats ont été différents, un effondrement total comme au Punjab, une succession d'années d'impasse et de lutte comme en Assam ou une paix durable comme au Mizoram. Pourquoi les accords de l'échec et, plus important encore, pourquoi ont-ils réussi? Dans le cas du Mizoram, y a-t-il eu un changement de paradigme par rapport aux méthodes traditionnelles de résolution? Comment la paix a-t-elle été construite et maintenue dans une société profondément divisée et fondée sur les identités ethniques? Comment la société locale a-t-elle organisé le paradigme de la résolution pour instaurer la paix et la maintenir? Et enfin, quelles leçons peut-on en tirer pour le régime politique indien? La thèse tente de répondre à ces questions<br>The thesis is a study of the Mizoram conflict (1966-86) and its subsequent resolution by a Peace Accord. It examines how the fight for self-determination by an ethno-nationalist tribal group unfolded, how the might of the State was used to stem one of the most violent and bloody insurgencies of the country and how governmental and societal efforts ensured a conflict resolution, the first of its kind in post-colonial independent India. It examines the efforts made within Mizo society itself to work out an agenda for peace. This research also compares the different trajectory of the Mizo Peace Accord of 30 June 1986 with the accords inked by the Indian State around the same time with armed dissident groups in two other states of the Indian Union, Punjab and Assam - the Punjab Accord of 24 July 1985 and the Assam Accord of 15 August 1985. Though these peace accords were heralded as conflict erasers, in each case the results were different - either outright collapse as in Punjab, or a succession of years of stalemate and struggle as in Assam or lasting peace as in Mizoram. For one, why did the accords fail and, more importantly, why did they succeed? Secondly, in the case of Mizoram, was there a paradigm shift away from the traditional ways of resolution? Thirdly, how was peace built and sustained in a deeply divided Mizo society based on ethnic identities? Fourthly, how did the local society organically churn out the resolution paradigm to bring in peace and also to sustain it? And finally, what lessons does this hold out for the Indian polity? The thesis lays out arguments and constructs to try and answer these questions
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Blandon, Francisco A. "El Salvador : an example for conflict resolution /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA302973.
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Thesis (M.S. in International Planning and Management) Naval Postgraduate School, June 1995.<br>Thesis advisor(s): P. Stockton. "June 1995." Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.
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Enwerem, Iheanyi. "The Church and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1999. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,775.
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Plysiuk, Michele. "A process study of marital conflict resolution." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/25510.
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This is a model building study which addresses itself to observing and investigating what transpires between two couples as they complete the process of resolving a marital conflict. Four therapy sessions where the couples successfully resolved a marital conflict and one therapy session where a resolution was attempted but was unsuccessful were selected for investigation. A task analysis was completed in which the moment-by-moment interactions of the couples were rigorously tracked to reveal the interactional patterns that distinguish couples who resolve marital conflicts from those who are not successful at resolving their conflicts. The interactional task analysis involved six strategies. The investigator's cognitive map of the resolution process was outlined. The task was defined as a pursue-distance conflict in which one partner was identified as an emotional pursuer and the other identified as an emotional withdrawer. The task environment, an emotionally focused therapy session, was specified. In the first rational analysis the investigator's model was presented. The transcripts of the resolution events were reviewed and repeated patterns were identified in the first empirical analysis. In the second rational analysis process indicators that would discriminate between the stages of resolution were chosen from four process measures. In the second empirical analysis two process measures (the SASB and the Experiencing scale) were used to identify the stages of resolution and produce a final model of marital conflict resolution. The final model consists of four steps which the couples move through to reach resolution. These steps are; Escalation, De-escalation, Testing, and Mutual Openness. Escalation involves either an 'attack-defend', 'attack-withdraw', or 'attack-attack' pattern where the pursuer is blaming their partner and the other partner is either defending, withdrawing or attacking. Each partners focus is on representing their own position and both partners usually feel angry, frustrated or unheard. In De-escalation one partner openly discloses their experience or asks for what he or she needs. This usually involves an expression of vulnerability. The other partner responds with either 'affirming and understanding' or 'helping and protecting' behavior. With Testing there is an initial positive interaction in which the withdrawer responds to the pursuer's open expression of feelings or needs with 'helping and protecting', 'nurturing and comforting' or 'trusting and relying' behavior. The pursuer however suddenly switch to 'belitting and blaming', 'sulking and appeasing' or 'walling off and avoiding' behavior. The pursuer appears to be dealing with the issue of trust, they are not sure if they can trust their partners response to them as totally genuine and likely to occur again. Mutual Openness resembles De-escalation however it this stage both partners complete 'disclose/trust rely' or 'affirm/help protect' sequences. Both partners rather than just one complete a sequence in which they explore their part in the problem openly while the other partner listens and affirms them. A failure to move from Escalation to De-escalation and the absence of 'affirming and and understanding' communication behaviors distinguished the non-resolution event from the resolution events.<br>Education, Faculty of<br>Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of<br>Graduate
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Mazzotta, Robert Tony. "Conflict in schools and possible resolution strategies." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21244.pdf.
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Peng, John. "A decision support system for conflict resolution." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0020/NQ38262.pdf.
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Lawrence, Ramon. "Automatic conflict resolution to integrate relational schema." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ62648.pdf.
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Newman, Lea. "The role of culture in conflict resolution." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://bosun.nps.edu/uhtbin/hyperion-image.exe/08Mar%5FNewman.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Far East, Southeast Asia and Pacific))--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2008.<br>Thesis Advisor(s): Biermann, Rafael. "March 2008." Description based on title screen as viewed on May 6, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73). Also available in print.
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Fulton, Diane. "Peer mediation : conflict resolution or problem management?" Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24079.
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The purpose of this study is to describe and provide a critical review of a program called peer mediation currently adapted by a Montreal Area Anglophone School Board or MAASB. This program was implemented to address the growing incidence of violence and conflict within MAASB high schools. This study focuses on the objectives that the MAASB established in addressing the problem of violence in their high schools and the peer mediation programs' ability to meet these objectives based on the claims it purports to. Described and examined in this study is the setting in which peer mediation becomes a suitable "response" to conflict and violence in high schools and including: the role and responsibilities of schools; some of the sources and causes of violence; some of the challenges facing adolescents; and the links between violence as the problem, peer mediation as a possible solution, and the role schools play to make this happen. Of specific interest and addressed in this study is whether or not the peer mediation program is resolving violence and conflict at the source, or if the program serves primarily as problem management. Following a qualitative approach to research, observation and interviews were conducted using semi-structured and open-ended methods. This study also includes some recommendations for further research.
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Abdi, Mohamed A. "Conflict resolution and nation-building in Somalia." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2010. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/192.
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The research concentrated on the current as well as the past quagmire of the Somali conflict. Political, social and economic triggers have been identified to resolve or reduce violent conflict and disorder. The research used primary as well as secondary sources to study the issues and explore the problems inherent in an environment of scarce resources. Confrontations between the state and society were brought to a higher level of violence since the late 1970s following the Somali-Ethiopian war. The author explored avenues for reconciliation and nation-building and introduced several models as possible strategies for nation-building. Conclusively, a home-grown, traditional mechanisms model was recommended which entails the following policy prescriptions to achieve long-lasting peace and security for Somalia: 1. Governance structures of law and order. 2. Resources: De-escalating conflicts by opening up negotiating opportunities of land and property. 3. Complete demilitarization of society. 4. International cooperation. A plan by the international community to reconstruct and rehabilitate Somalia is essential if we have to avoid a relapse into a chaotic, violent situation in Somalia.
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Yuen, Suk-yee Helena. "Buddhist mediation: a transformative approachto conflict resolution." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4501579X.
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Pepin, Michelle Ann. "Spaces of identity : shelter and conflict resolution." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.415121.
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Van, Daalen Corne Edwin. "Conflict detection and resolution for autonomous vehicles." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3994.
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Thesis (PhD (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Autonomous vehicles have recently received much attention from researchers. The prospect of
safe and reliable autonomous vehicles for general, unregulated environments promises several
advantages over human-controlled vehicles, including increased efficiency, reliability and capability
with the associated decrease in danger to humans and reduction in operating costs. A
critical requirement for the safe operation of fully autonomous vehicles is their ability to avoid
collisions with obstacles and other vehicles. In addition, they are often required to maintain a
minimum separation from obstacles and other vehicles, which is called conflict avoidance. The
research presented in thesis focuses on methods for effective conflict avoidance.
Existing conflict avoidance methods either make limiting assumptions or cannot execute in
real-time due to computational complexity. This thesis proposes methods for real-time conflict
avoidance in uncertain, cluttered and dynamic environments. These methods fall into the
category of non-cooperative conflict avoidance. They allow very general vehicle and environment
models, with the only notable assumption being that the position and velocity states of the
vehicle and obstacles have a jointly Gaussian probability distribution.
Conflict avoidance for fully autonomous vehicles consists of three functions, namely modelling
and identification of the environment, conflict detection and conflict resolution. We
present an architecture for such a system that ensures stable operation.
The first part of this thesis comprises the development of a novel and efficient probabilistic
conflict detection method. This method processes the predicted vehicle and environment states
to compute the probability of conflict for the prediction period. During the method derivation,
we introduce the concept of the flow of probability through the boundary of the conflict region,
which enables us to significantly reduce the complexity of the problem. The method also assumes
Gaussian distributed states and defines a tight upper bound to the conflict probability, both
of which further reduce the problem complexity, and then uses adaptive numerical integration
for efficient evaluation. We present the results of two simulation examples which show that the
proposed method can calculate in real-time the probability of conflict for complex and cluttered
environments and complex vehicle maneuvers, offering a significant improvement over existing
methods.
The second part of this thesis adapts existing kinodynamic motion planning algorithms
for conflict resolution in uncertain, dynamic and cluttered environments. We use probabilistic
roadmap methods and suggest three changes to them, namely using probabilistic conflict detection
methods, sampling the state-time space instead of the state space and batch generation of
samples. In addition, we propose a robust and adaptive way to choose the size of the sampling
space using a maximum least connection cost bound. We then put all these changes together in
a proposed motion planner for conflict resolution. We present the results of two simulation examples
which show that the proposed motion planner can only find a feasible path in real-time
for simple and uncluttered environments. However, the manner in which we handle uncertainty
and the sampling space bounds offer significant contributions to the conflict resolution field<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Outonome voertuie het die afgelope tyd heelwat aandag van navorsers geniet. Die vooruitsig
van veilige en betroubare outonome voertuie vir algemene en ongereguleerde omgewings beloof
verskeie voordele bo menslik-beheerde voertuie en sluit hoër effektiwiteit, betroubaarheid
en vermoëns asook die gepaardgaande veiligheid vir mense en laer bedryfskoste in. ’n Belangrike
vereiste vir die veilige bedryf van volledig outonome voertuie is hul vermoë om botsings
met hindernisse en ander voertuie te vermy. Daar word ook dikwels van hulle vereis om ’n
minimum skeidingsafstand tussen hulle en die hindernisse of ander voertuie te handhaaf – dit
word konflikvermyding genoem. Die navorsing in hierdie tesis fokus op metodes vir effektiewe
konflikvermyding.
Bestaande konflikvermydingsmetodes maak óf beperkende aannames óf voer te stadig uit as
gevolg van bewerkingskompleksiteit. Hierdie tesis stel metodes voor vir intydse konflikvermyding
in onsekere en dinamiese omgewings wat ook baie hindernisse bevat. Die voorgestelde
metodes val in die klas van nie-samewerkende konflikvermydingsmetodes. Hulle kan algemene
voertuig- en omgewingsmodelle hanteer en hul enigste noemenswaardige aanname is dat die
posisie- en snelheidstoestande van die voertuig en hindernisse Gaussiese waarskynliksheidverspreidings
toon.
Konflikvermyding vir volledig outonome voertuie bestaan uit drie stappe, naamlik modellering
en identifikasie van die omgewing, konflikdeteksie en konflikresolusie. Ons bied ’n
argitektuur vir so ’n stelsel aan wat stabiele werking verseker.
Die eerste deel van die tesis beskryf die ontwikkeling van ’n oorspronklike en doeltreffende
metode vir waarskynliksheid-konflikdeteksie. Die metode gebruik die voorspelde toestande van
die voertuig en omgewing en bereken die waarskynlikheid van konflik vir die betrokke voorspellingsperiode.
In die afleiding van die metode definiëer ons die konsep van waarskynliksheidvloei
oor die grens van die konflikdomein. Dit stel ons in staat om die kompleksiteit van die
probleem beduidend te verminder. Die metode aanvaar ook Gaussiese waarskynlikheidsverspreiding
van toestande en definiëer ’n nou bogrens tot die waarskynlikheid van konflik om
die kompleksiteit van die probleem verder te verminder. Laastens gebruik die metode aanpasbare
integrasiemetodes vir vinnige berekening van die waarskynlikheid van konflik. Die eerste
deel van die tesis sluit af met twee simulasies wat aantoon dat die voorgestelde konflikdeteksiemetode
in staat is om die waarskynlikheid van konflik intyds te bereken, selfs vir komplekse
omgewings en voertuigbewegings. Die metode lewer dus ’n beduidende bydrae tot die veld van
konflikdeteksie.
Die tweede deel van die tesis pas bestaande kinodinamiese beplanningsalgoritmes aan vir
konflikresolusie in komplekse omgewings. Ons stel drie veranderings voor, naamlik die gebruik
van waarskynliksheid-konflikdeteksiemetodes, die byvoeg van ’n tyd-dimensie in die monsterruimte
en die generasie van meervoudige monsters. Ons stel ook ’n robuuste en aanpasbare
manier voor om die grootte van die monsterruimte te kies. Al die voorafgaande voorstelle word
saamgevoeg in ’n beplanner vir konflikresolusie. Die tweede deel van die tesis sluit af met twee
simulasies wat aantoon dat die voorgestelde beplanner slegs intyds ’n oplossing kan vind vir
eenvoudige omgewings. Die manier hoe die beplanner onsekerheid hanteer en die begrensing
van die monsterruimte lewer egter waardevolle bydraes tot die veld van konflikresolusie
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Taylor, David W. "Spiritual conflict resolution in a Haitian context." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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Nieswiadomy, Mark S. "Land reform and conflict resolution in Colombia." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FNieswiadomy.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.<br>Thesis advisor(s): Harold Trinkunas, Jeanne Giraldo. Includes bibliographical references (p. 109-117). Also available online.
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Francis, Diana. "Respect in cross-cultural conflict resolution training." Thesis, University of Bath, 1998. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242798.
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O'Donoghue, Leslie. "Holocaust, Memory, Second-Generation, and Conflict Resolution." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3785.
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Ten Jewish second-generation men and women from metro Portland, Oregon were interviewed regarding growing up in the aftermath of the Holocaust. The American-born participants ranged in age from fifty-one to sixty-four years of age at the time of the interviews. Though the parents were deceased at the time of this study the working definition of a Holocaust survivor parent included those individuals who had been refugees or interned in a ghetto, labor camp, concentration camp, or extermination camp as a direct result of the Nazi Regime in Europe from 1933 to 1945.
A descriptive phenomenological approach was utilized. Eight open-ended questions yielded ten unique perspectives. Most second-generation do not habitually inform others of their second-generation status. This is significant to conflict resolution as the effects of the Holocaust are trans-generational. The second-generation embody resilience and their combined emphasis was for all people to become as educated as possible.
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Welke, Timothy Lowell. "Training for conflict resolution and negotiating skills." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/493.
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Binsfeld, Joanna E. "An Examination of the Similarities and Differences between Conflict Resolution Programs at a Public Elementary School and a Democratic-Based Private Elementary School." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1095964205.
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Bodenbender, Stanislava. "The Role of Religious Leaders in Conflict Transformation." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197398.
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Religion has often been viewed as a source of conflict and violence in international relations. Yet history provides that religion has also been a source and inspiration for peace building and non-violent resistance. The role of religious leaders in conflict transformation has been treated as a marginal phenomenon. Appleby (2000) points out that identifying and documenting the roles of religious actors in resolving protracted conflicts remains an unfinished task. This thesis is an attempt to meet such challenge by focusing on religious leaders and their role in search of solutions in deeply rooted conflicts. Working from the premise that religious leaders can make a substantial contribution in conflict transformation, the overarching goal of this thesis is to examine what roles religious actors play and how equipped they are to serve their communities in their capacity as peacemakers.
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Norman, Allen G. "Alternative dispute resolution and public policy conflict: Preemptive dispute resolution negotiated rulemaking." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/928.
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Philip, Catharine Mary. "The role of mediation in industrial conflict resolution." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17232.
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This dissertation analyses the role of industrial mediation within the framework of the relationship between the underlying causes of industrial conflict and the resolution of this conflict. The inextricable relationship between economics and politics means that the underlying causes of industrial conflict need to be located within both the socio-political arena and in the contradictions within the labour process. The Independent Mediation Service of South Africa (IMSSA) has played a crucial role in facilitating the institutionalisation of extra statutory or independent industrial mediation in response to the changing nature of industrial relations in the country. IMSSA is rooted in the pluralist approach to industrial relations. Pluralism is rejected in this dissertation for its implicit acceptance of the existing socio-political status quo and for its belief in the legitimacy of the social system as a fair and democratic one. Thus, a critical question in this research is what is the role of mediation if pluralism is rejected as a starting point for analysis? A distinction is drawn between manifest and latent conflict in this dissertation. The primary hypothesis, which is confirmed, is that mediation addresses the manifest, rather than the latent conflict. This challenges the claim of the problem-solving approach of mediation that the process uncovers the underlying conflict. Instead, this research reveals that mediation is dispute-specific and has the potential for solving the immediate conflict, rather than removing the fundamental sources of this conflict. Further, the role of mediation is limited by the very nature of the collective bargaining process which restricts the expression of the latent conflict. It is argued that, although mediation may be accused of palliating the conflict in the sense that it settles the dispute without addressing the structural causes of the conflict, mediation plays a significant role in the collective bargaining process. This is revealed in the role that mediation plays in improving bargaining skills, empowering the weaker party, legitimising the negotiating parties, educating the parties, overcoming mistrust and promoting understanding between adversaries. Thus, mediation has the potential for significantly affecting the working relationship and altering the dynamics of this relationship in terms of enhancing the essential relationship-building dimension of this relationship and facilitating an approach to bargaining in good faith. The effects of mediation therefore extend beyond the immediate conflict settlement. Mediation is not a response to procedural inadequacies and the utilisation of this process does not reflect inadequate negotiation skills. Instead, the increasing number of industrial mediations may be seen to be a reflection of more sophisticated industrial relations which reveal an acknowledgement of the need to compromise as a prerequisite for successful collective bargaining. Research was conducted and hypotheses tested through primary research which involved interviews with leading management representatives and trade unionists in the Cape Town and Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage regions and mediators in these two areas as well as in Johannesburg and Pretoria. Interviews were conducted oh an open-ended, but structured basis. The two primary regions were chosen for their representation of different trends in the utilisation of industrial mediation. FOcus in the Port Elizabeth-Uitenhage region centred on why mediation has been utilised relatively less frequently in this region than elsewhere in the country. It was found that, although specific forces have shaped the unique nature of collective bargaining in this region, the attitude towards mediation arose not from more militant or confrontational policies, but from a number of misperceptions and faulty assumptions concerning the process and role of mediation.
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Rodriguez, Justin J. "How Skills Learned During Childhood Play Can Improve Interpersonal Conflict Resolution." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2268.
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This thesis investigates how the behaviors and skills learned during childhood play are conducive towards successful conflict resolution in adulthood. From reviewing the literature, it is clear that pretend play, social play, and games help the socio-cognitive development of a child. Through these types of play, children learn how to become better at taking another person’s perspective, effectively communicate, and regulate their socio- emotional behavior. Additionally, recognizing that negotiation seems to be the most mature way to handle conflict, I argue that children learn to navigate opposition through engaging in their own peer to peer conflicts during play. As a result, using their practiced perspective-taking, communication, and socio-emotional skills learned from play, they improve in their conflict management. Although there has not been substantial studies connecting play and conflict resolution, it is clear that the skills learned during play are associated with constructive resolution–-which as adults, is usually negotiation. Nonetheless, there needs to be more research done on how engaging in conflict and having these broad behaviors and attributes are more directly related to successful conflict management.
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Hibell, Zoe. "The OSCE and conflict prevention, management and resolution." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2000. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7357.
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This thesis discusses the work of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) in the field of conflict prevention, management and resolution, from 1990 until late 1998. Two theoretical perspectives, neo-realism and neo-liberal institutionalism, provide a framework for analysis. Both theories are able to highlight different strengthsa nd weaknesses in the OSCE's approach which are described in three case studies. However, neither theory can fully explain the findings of the case studies. In the thesis's conclusion the shortcomings of both theories are discussed and the gaps in explanation are explored by reference to constructivist approaches. Three case studies are described in order to demonstrate different facets of the OSCE's work. Macedonia provides an example of the OSCE's work in conflict prevention (it is in the field of conflict prevention that the OSCE is seen at its most successful). The second case study, Nagomo-Karabakh, examines the OSCE's handling of an ongoing conflict and attempts to arrange both a peace conference and a peacekeeping mission. The issues surrounding the conflict here demonstrate the complexity of external involvement in mediation and negotiation processes, and the difficulties of trying to find solutions that are acceptable to the parties in a context complicated further by the interests of external actors. The third case study is an analysis of the OSCE's engagement in the post-conflict reconstruction of Bosnia and Herzegovina. This reveals the problems of implementing aspects of an unsatisfactory peace agreement. The case study highlights the enormity of the tasks assigned to the OSCE and the lack of coherent international support for the organisation's work. It also discusses the effects of the interplay of both external and internal power political struggles on the OSCE's operations. The thesis concludes that the OSCE has in limited ways performed valuable work in all three case studies but that its real strengths are most apparent in the field of conflict prevention.